Presented By: Gunjan Kumar ROLL-NO.:b130062ee Dept: Electrical & Electronics Engineering

PRESENTED BY : GUNJAN KUMAR
ROLL-NO. :b130062ee
DEPT: ELECTRICAL
&
ELECTRONICS
ENGINEERING
 What is Li-Fi
 Why is it required
 Li-Fi over WiFi
 Construction of Li-Fi
 Working
 Applications
 Advantages
 Disadvantages
 Li-Fi means Light Fidelity . Li-Fi is based on
visible light communication device (VLC)
where VLC is a medium of information
communication which avails quick pulses of
light to send the data wirelessly.
 Li-Fi uses common household LED (light
emitting diodes) lightbulbs to enable data
transfer, boasting speeds of up to 224
gigabits per second.
 The term Li-Fi was coined by University
of Edinburgh Professor Harald Haas during
a TED Talk in 2011. Haas envisioned light
bulbs that could act as wireless routers.
 Subsequently, in 2015 after four years of

research, Haas set up company pure LiFi
with the aim 'to be the world leader in
Visible Light Communications technology'.
 Congested future of RF
 Bandwidth limitation(Bandwidth of visible
light is 10000 times of RADIO Frequency )
 Security:One main advantage of Li-Fi is
security. Since light cannot pass through
opaque structures, Li-Fi Internet is available
only to the users within a room and cannot be
breached by users in other rooms or buildings.
 Places where RF cannot be used (in hospitals,
in aviation industry underwater
communication etc.)
 Li-Fi is based on visible light communication
device (VLC) where VLC is a medium of
information communication which avails quick
pulses of light to send the data wirelessly. The
main constituents of a Li-Fi system are
following :
 A brightening white led which plays the role of
a transmitter .
 A silicon photodiode with a good response to
visible light acts a receiver.
 When a constant current is applied to an
LED light bulb a constant stream of photons
are emitted from the bulb which is observed
as visible light.
 If the current is varied slowly the output
intensity of the light dims up and down.
 since LED bulbs are semi-conductor
devices, the current, and hence the optical
output, can be modulated at extremely high
speeds which can be detected by a photo-
detector device and converted back to
electrical current.
 In simple words we can say that if the LED
is on , then digital 1 is transmitted and if the
led is off , then digital 0 is transmitted.
 It is possible to encode the data in the light
by varying the rate at which the LEDs flicker
on and off to give different strings of 1s and
0s.
 The intensity modulation is invisible to the
human eye, and thus communication is just
as seamless as RF. Using this technique,
high speed information can be transmitted
from an LED light bulb.
 RF Spectrum Relief: Excess capacity demands of
cellular networks can be off-loaded to Li-Fi networks
where available. This is especially effective on the
downlink where bottlenecks tend to occur.
 Smart Lighting: Any private or public lighting including
street lamps can be used to provide Li-Fi hotspots and
the same communications and sensor infrastructure can
be used to monitor and control lighting and data.
 Mobile Connectivity: Laptops, smart phones, tablets
and other mobile devices can interconnect directly using
Li-Fi. Short range links give very high data rates and
also provides security.
 Hazardous Environments: Li-Fi provides a safe
alternative to electromagnetic interference from radio
frequency communications in environments such as
mines and petrochemical plants.
 .
 Hospital & Healthcare: Li-Fi emits no electromagnetic
interference and so does not interfere with medical
instruments, nor is it interfered with by MRI scanners.
 Aviation: Li-Fi can be used to reduce weight and cabling
and add flexibility to seating layouts in aircraft passenger
cabins where LED lights are already deployed. In-flight
entertainment (IFE) systems can also be supported and
integrated with passengers’ own mobile devices.
 Underwater Communications: Due to strong signal
absorption in water, RF use is impractical. Acoustic waves
have extremely low bandwidth and disturb marine life.
Li-Fi provides a solution for short-range communications.
 Vehicles & Transportation: LED headlights and tail-
lights are being introduced. Street lamps and traffic
signals are also moving to LED. This can be used for
vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-roadside
communications. This can be applied for road safety and
traffic management.
 Internet cannot be used without a light source.
This could limit the locations and situations in
which Li-Fi could be used.
 Because it uses visible light, and light cannot
penetrate walls, the signal's range is limited by
physical barriers.
 Other sources of light may interfere with the
signal. One of the biggest potential drawbacks
is the interception of signals outdoors. Sunlight
will interfere the signals, resulting in
interrupted Internet.
 A whole new infrastructure for Li-Fi would
need to be constructed.
 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li-Fi
 http://www.techworld.com
 http://www.lifi-centre.com
 http://www.sciencealert.com

Presented By: Gunjan Kumar ROLL-NO.:b130062ee Dept: Electrical & Electronics Engineering

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 Subsequently, in 2015 after four years of

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