Design and In-Service Inspections: Guy Baylac Technical Advisor To EPERC
Design and In-Service Inspections: Guy Baylac Technical Advisor To EPERC
Design and In-Service Inspections: Guy Baylac Technical Advisor To EPERC
Guy BAYLAC
Technical Advisor to EPERC
[email protected]
2
Classical error n°1
Legal texts
• PED applies to design, manufacture
and conformity assessment of PE
• National legislation to in-service
inspection
• Thus design and in-service inspection
would be two completely different
domains
3
Classical error n°2
Lack of dialogue
• The Purchaser of equipment wants the
lowest possible price
• The User wants to reduce inspection,
maintenance and download costs
• But it is the total cost (purchase +
inspection + maintenance + download)
which is to consider
4
Warnings
• PED, Annex 1
– "The manufacturer is under an obligation to
analyse the hazards …"
– Operating instructions: use, maintenance
• Requirements contained in product
standards: e.g. EN 13445:2002 "Unfired
pressure vessels"
5
Layout
• Introduction: PED and National legislations
• Explicit reference to in-service inspection in
EN 13445:2002
– Fatigue (Clauses 18 and 17 of EN 13445-3)
– Annex M of EN 13445-3
– Creep and fast closures
• Experience feedback
• Conclusion
6
Fatigue damage occurs
earlier with thickness
reduction!
• Higher nominal stresses f min(
R p ,0, 2 Rm, 20
; )
1,5 3
– Yesterday R p ,0, 2 Rm, 20
– Today (DBF) f min( ; )
1,5 2,4
– Today (DBA) R p ,0, 2 Rm, 20
f min( ; )
• Fatigue analysis required 1,5 1,875
– Yesterday for neq 1000 pressure cycles
– Today (DBF) for neq 500 pressure cycles
– Today (DBA) for neq 500 pressure cycles
7
Design conditions for
fatigue critical areas
• Accessible for inspection and non-
destructive testing
• Instructions for appropriate
maintenance are included in the
operating instructions
• Valid procedures are given in Annex M
"Measures to be adopted in service"
8
Fatigue critical areas
are those for which
9
Definition of critical
zones in formulae
neq 500
and
Dmax 0,8 for 500 neq 1000
Dmax 0,5 for 1000 neq 10000
Dmax 0,3 for neq 10000
10
Special case of testing
group 4 vessels
• Vessels produced in
large series, no NDT
except visual inspection
• 500 full pressure cycles
• Higher pressure test at fa emin
the end of fabrication to Pt 2,0 Ps
f t emin c
ensure safety
• Measured peaking
limited to
0,5 emin
11
Outward peaking
12
HYDFAT RESEARCH
PROGRAMME
(Institut de Soudure)
Typical small
scale pressure
vessels
(MBEL)
13
ANNEX M
"Tests during
operation"
14
Annex M
Tests during operation
15
Annex M
Measures at end of design
lifetime
16
Annex M
Measures at end of design
lifetime
17
Crack progression
a 500
Crack Cycles
No
depth hydrotest 1 cycle
in service per
Danger! week
~
10
years
Hydrotest in service
with crack blunting
Time 18
Similar considerations for
Creep (EN 13445-3 New
Clause 19)
• Two safety coefficients versus creep
rupture strength
21
Experience feedback
Design Operation
Experience feedback
22
Experience feedback has
beneficial consequences
23
Experience feedback may
have negative aspects
24
Layout
• Introduction: PED and National legislations
• Explicit reference to in-service inspection in
EN 13445-3:2002
– Fatigue (Clauses 18 and 17)
– Annex M
– Creep, fast closures
• Experience feedback
• Conclusion
25
Conclusion
• This presentation has covered
– Interaction between fatigue design and in-
service inspection
– Interaction between design and in-service
inspection for creep and fast closures
• This presentation is far from being
exhaustive
26
Conclusion (Continued)
• It has raised questions, such as:
– A better dialogue between involved parties,
e.g. the User and the Manufacturer, which
is a source of profits
– An organised feedback, e.g. a data base
on accidents at European scale, which
could improve design and operation
efficiency.
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