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    Determinate Structure - Graphical Method For Truss

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    dixn__
    The graphical method is used to analyze plane trusses. It involves drawing force polygons at each joint to determine member forces. The steps are: 1) Solve for support reactions by equilibrium equations. 2) Draw a force polygon for the entire truss and label spaces between forces. 3) Draw force polygons at each joint with two unknown forces. 4) Measure member forces from intersection of lines in the force polygons. 5) Determine if each force is tension or compression.

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    Determinate Structure - Graphical Method For Truss

    Uploaded by

    dixn__
    4K views15 pages
    The graphical method is used to analyze plane trusses. It involves drawing force polygons at each joint to determine member forces. The steps are: 1) Solve for support reactions by equilibrium equations. 2) Draw a force polygon for the entire truss and label spaces between forces. 3) Draw force polygons at each joint with two unknown forces. 4) Measure member forces from intersection of lines in the force polygons. 5) Determine if each force is tension or compression.

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    simple notes

    Original Title

    determinate structure - graphical method for truss

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    The graphical method is used to analyze plane trusses. It involves drawing force polygons at each joint to determine member forces. The steps are: 1) Solve for support reactions by equilibrium equations. 2) Draw a force polygon for the entire truss and label spaces between forces. 3) Draw force polygons at each joint with two unknown forces. 4) Measure member forces from intersection of lines in the force polygons. 5) Determine if each force is tension or compression.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    4K views15 pages

    Determinate Structure - Graphical Method For Truss

    Uploaded by

    dixn__
    The graphical method is used to analyze plane trusses. It involves drawing force polygons at each joint to determine member forces. The steps are: 1) Solve for support reactions by equilibrium equations. 2) Draw a force polygon for the entire truss and label spaces between forces. 3) Draw force polygons at each joint with two unknown forces. 4) Measure member forces from intersection of lines in the force polygons. 5) Determine if each force is tension or compression.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 15

    Topic 2 Plane Truss

    Graphical Method
    Prepared by Pn. Yazmin
    The graphical analysis is developed
    by force polygons drawn to scale for
    each joint, then the force in member
    is measured from one of these force
    polygons.
    Steps
    In order to draw the Maxwell diagram directly the simple
    guidelines are:
    1. Solve the reactions at the supports by solving equations
    of equilibrium for the entire truss
    2. Move clockwise around the outside of the truss, draw to
    scale the force polygon for the entire truss.
    3. Take each joint in turn, draw a force polygon by treating
    successively joints acted upon by only two unknown
    forces.
    4. Measure the magnitude of the force in each member
    from the Maxwell diagram.
    5. Note that work proceed from one end of the truss to the
    other.
    Example 1

    Step 1: Solve the reactions at the supports by solving


    equations of
    equilibrium for the entire truss

    H1

    R1 R2

    Solution:
    Consider the whole structure
    M1+ =0 200(3)+200(6) R2(12)= 0
    R2 = 150kN
    Fy+ = 0 R1 200 200 + 150 = 0
    R1 = 250 kN
    Fx + = 0 H1 = 0
    Step 2: Move clockwise around the truss. Space
    between the force and members are lettered.

    250kn 150kn

    Space between reactions R1 (250kN) and R2 (150kN) is labeled as


    A.
    Space between reactions R2 (150kN) and load (200kN) is labeled
    as B.
    and so forth
    Step 3:Take each joint in turn, draw a force polygon by treating
    successively joints acted upon by only two unknown forces.

    250kn 150kn

    Moving clockwise around the truss from space A to space B we find


    a force of 150kN going upward. Choose a suitable scale, in this
    case 10kN : 1mm. Therefore, translate the force of 150kN force from
    a to b in the vertical direction ( use lower case letters to
    abbreviate.) Using the same process repeat for other external
    forces.
    250kn 150kn

    AB is 150kN upward so draw ab 15mm


    upward,
    BC is 200kN downward so draw bc 20mm
    downward,
    CD is 200kN downward so draw cd 20mm
    downward,
    DA is 250kN upward so draw da 25mm
    upward.

    Note: that this part of the diagram closes back


    to itself.
    250kn 150kn

    Now we begin to find the member forces.


    Starting with the joint with just two
    members at the left support, we have:

    DE is a horizontal member draw de


    horizontally,
    AE is a vertical member draw ae
    vertically.
    de and ae will intersect at point e.

    EF is at 450 draw ef at 450


    AF is horizontal draw af horizontally,
    Hence the point f
    250kn 150kn

    Again,

    FG is a vertical member draw fg


    vertically,
    CG is a horizontal member draw cg
    horizontally
    fg and cg will intersect at point e

    And so forth.
    Trim the unnecessary lines.
    Step 4:Measure the magnitude of the force in each member from
    the Maxwell diagram.

    When the diagram (a,b,c,d, ..) is complete,


    the force is found from the length of the
    appropriate line.
    For example EF has 350kN force in it since
    ef = 35mm.
    To find whether it is tension or compression:
    take one end of the member and go around it
    clockwise noting the order of the space as
    you cross the member.
    For the upper end of EF this will give FE.
    On the force diagram fe is downwards so the
    member is pulling the top joint downwards.
    The member is therefore in tension.
    It is best to use common sense when it is
    250kn 150kn

    Member Force (kN) Condition


    +/-
    AE 250 -
    EF 350 +
    DE 0

    FA 250 -
    FG 50 -
    GC 250 +
    GH 80 + Member Force Condition
    (kN) +/-
    HA 300 -
    JA 150 -
    HI 150 +
    JK 150 -
    IJ 212 -
    KL 212 -
    IB 300 +
    KB 150 +
    LA 0
    Example
    2 6m 6m

    20kN
    20k 10k
    N N

    4m

    3m 6m 3m

    Graphically, determine all member forces


    in the truss
    Example
    2 6m 6m

    20kN
    20k 10k
    N N
    B 2 C 3
    1 H3
    D
    F H
    4m
    G E
    A R3
    4

    3m 6m 3m
    R4
    Graphically, determine all member forces
    in the truss
    Step 1: Solve the reactions at the supports by solving
    equations of
    equilibrium for the entire truss

    M3 + =0 -20(12)-10(6)+R4(3) = 0
    R4 = 100kN

    + Fy= 0 -20 -10 +100 +R3 = 0


    R3 = -70kN

    + Fx = 0 H3 = 0
    Member Force (kN) Condition
    (+/-)

    BF 15 +
    FA 25 -
    FG 25 +
    GA 30 -
    HG 37.5 -
    CH 52.5 +
    HE 87.5 -

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