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    GSM Call Routing

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    riadelectro
    The document discusses GSM call routing and location updating processes. It describes the roles of the HLR and VLR databases in maintaining subscriber location information. Several call routing scenarios are outlined, including mobile originated, mobile terminated, and mobile-to-mobile long distance calls, detailing the signaling flow between the mobile station, base station, MSC, HLR, and other network elements.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    GSM Call Routing

    Uploaded by

    riadelectro
    2K views22 pages
    The document discusses GSM call routing and location updating processes. It describes the roles of the HLR and VLR databases in maintaining subscriber location information. Several call routing scenarios are outlined, including mobile originated, mobile terminated, and mobile-to-mobile long distance calls, detailing the signaling flow between the mobile station, base station, MSC, HLR, and other network elements.

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    Gsm Call Routing

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    Gsm Call Routing

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    The document discusses GSM call routing and location updating processes. It describes the roles of the HLR and VLR databases in maintaining subscriber location information. Several call routing scenarios are outlined, including mobile originated, mobile terminated, and mobile-to-mobile long distance calls, detailing the signaling flow between the mobile station, base station, MSC, HLR, and other network elements.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    2K views22 pages

    GSM Call Routing

    Uploaded by

    riadelectro
    The document discusses GSM call routing and location updating processes. It describes the roles of the HLR and VLR databases in maintaining subscriber location information. Several call routing scenarios are outlined, including mobile originated, mobile terminated, and mobile-to-mobile long distance calls, detailing the signaling flow between the mobile station, base station, MSC, HLR, and other network elements.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 22

    GSM Call Routing

    RK
    Agenda
    GSM-Introduction
    Mobile Station (ME+SIM)
    HLR, VLR
    Location Update
    Call Routing Scenarios
    Mobile Originated Sequence
    Mobile Terminated Sequence
    Mobile-to-Mobile Long distance
    Mobile in Roaming (Domestic, International)
    Call Handover
    Questions
    Mobile Station(MS)
    HLR / VLR
    Home Location Registers (HLR)

    o permanent database about mobile subscribers in


    a large service area(generally one per GSM
    network operator)
    o database contains IMSI, MSISDN,
    prepaid/postpaid, roaming restrictions, MSC/VLR,
    supplementary services.

    Visitor Location Registers (VLR)

    o Temporary database which updates whenever new


    MS enters its area, by HLR database
    o Controls those mobiles roaming in its area
    o Reduces number of queries to HLR
    o Database contains IMSI, TMSI, MSISDN, MSRN,
    Location Area, authentication key
    GSM Architecture

    EIR AuC
    Brief Introdution to Location Upda

    Three types of Location Update :

    IMSI Attach/Detach

    Normal Location Update


    Periodic Location Update
    Questions

    Please give the sequence:


    1.The called MS is powered off.
    2.The called MS activates the CFU to a
    PSTN No.
    3.The called MS has been barred all
    incoming call.
    4.The Called MS are not known at HLR
    1. The called MS is powered off
    AP Vodafone AP Airtel
    MS BSS MSC VLR HLR GMSC GMSC
    Initial and Final
    MSISDN
    1 Address Message
    ( +91 9885 xxxxxx
    MSISDN
    2 Send Routing Info ( +91 9885 xxxxxx

    3 Routing Info Ack

    Subscriber Absent The Calling Mobile


    hears the
    announcement of
    mobile is powered
    off
    2. The called MS activates the CFU to a PSTN No.

    MS BSS MSC VLR HLR GMSC PSTN


    MSISDN
    Initial and Final +91 9885 xxxxxx
    1 Address Message

    MSISDN
    2 Send Routing Info +91 9885 xxxxxx

    3 Routing Info Ack


    CFN
    +91 40 66235307
    4 IFAM
    3. The called MS has been barred all incoming call.

    MS BSS MSC VLR HLR GMSC GMSC


    Initial and Final MSISDN
    1 Address Message +91 9885 xxxxxx

    MSISDN
    2 Send Routing Info
    +91 9885 xxxxxx

    3 Routing Info Ack

    Call Barred
    4. The Called MS are not known at HLR

    MS BSS MSC VLR HLR GMSC GMSC


    Initial and Final MSISDN
    1 Address Message +91 9885 xxxxxx

    MSISDN
    2 Send Routing Info
    +91 9885 xxxxxx

    3 Routing Info Ack


    Unknown Subscriber
    GSM Architecture Cntd
    Call Routing
    Scenarios
    Mobile Originated Sequence

    MS BSS MSC VLR HLR PSTN


    1 CHANNEL REQUEST Signaling Link request

    DCCH ASSIGN Signaling Link Granted


    SIGNALING LINK
    ESTABLISHED

    Channel request
    2 REQ. FOR SERVICE

    3 AUTHENTICATION

    SET Cipher MODE

    Setup Voice Call


    4 SET-UP
    Dailed digits +91 40 66235307
    5 EQUIP. ID REQ.

    6 COMPLETE CALL

    CALL PROCEEDING Call setup is in Process


    Mobile Originated Sequence

    MS BSS MSC VLR HLR PSTN


    7 ASSIG. COMMAND
    Switch from Signaling
    ASSIG. COMPLETE Mode to Voice
    +91 40 66235307
    8.Initial and Final Address Switch routes the call to PSTN
    Message (IFAM)
    PSTN indicates to Switch
    Address Complete(ACM)
    < Called Subscriber Informed Via Ring
    Alerting Ring Alert
    MS hears ring
    tone from land Passed to Mobile
    phone Called Subscriber Answered
    9 Answer (ANS)Connect
    Switch Informs
    Ring tone Call Answered
    stops

    10 Connect Acknowldge Acknowledge Call


    Hi RK
    Answered received

    Speech Started
    BILLING STARTS
    Mobile Terminated Sequence

    AP Vodafone AP Airtel
    MS BSS MSC VLR HLR GMSC GMSC

    Initial and Final MSISDN


    1 Address Message +91 9885 xxxxxx
    MSISDN
    IMSI +91 9885 xxxxxx
    2 Send Routing Info
    404 13 xxxxxxxxxx

    3 Routing Info Ack

    Initial and Final MSRN MSRN


    Address Message 091 9885 xxxxxx (roaming number)

    MSRN
    091 9885 xxxxxx (roaming number)
    4 Send Info For I/C
    Call Setup
    MSRN

    5 Page
    < PCH>
    Paging Request
    TMSI) TMSI) LAI & TMSI)

    LAI 404 13 location Area Code


    Mobile Terminated Sequence

    AP Vodafone AP Airtel
    MS BSS MSC VLR HLR GMSC GMSC
    6 Assignment Call Setup Request
    Command

    Assignment Call Setup Confirmed


    Complete Ring Tone at
    Ringtone Alert Acknowledge the Other
    Alert Mobile
    Address Complete

    7 Connect Mobile Subscriber Answered


    Ringing stops
    Subscriber at Other
    picks up Mobile

    Connect ACK ANS Billing


    starts

    Speech Started Hello...


    Mobile-to-Mobile Long Distance
    2. Towers are serviced by
    1. Cell phone transmits to a local base station
    local towers

    Radio tower
    3. Basestations are
    services by Mobil
    Switching Station
    Radio tower Base Station

    Mobile Switching Station


    5. Destination switch office
    4. Regional Switch Office
    receives call, and forwards
    forwards calls
    to Mobil Switching Station

    Trunk

    Regional Switch Office Regional Switch Office

    Radio tower

    Mobile Switching Station


    Base Station
    5. Mobile Switching
    Station forwards to Base 6. Base Station forwards
    Station to local towers.
    Radio tower

    7. Local towers complete


    the loop
    Mobile is in Roaming

    2.Receiving Mobile on Roaming

    3. Both Mobiles are on Roaming


    International Roamer terminated call
    Handover

    MSC B MSC A

    Location Area-089 Location Area-100

    20 0 53
    089 0 50
    49 49 10 49 10
    404 404 40 4

    51
    BSC1 9 08
    9 21 BSC2 49 100 BSC3 100
    54
    4 4 404 49
    40 404

    9 22 100
    52 0 55
    49 08 49 4 49 10
    404 404 40

    Global Cell Identification


    Country Network Location Cell INDIA-AP-Airtel
    Code Code Area Identity MCC-MNC
    404 49 Code 404 -49(INA49)
    Questions ?

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