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    Selection of Accelerograms

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    Aashutosh Raj Timilsena
    This document discusses three types of accelerograms used in nonlinear analysis: 1) Recorded accelerograms, which are genuine earthquake recordings but can be difficult to select due to variability in source, path, and site characteristics. 2) Artificial accelerograms, which are mathematically generated but may not accurately match real earthquake response spectra. 3) Synthetic accelerograms, which model source, path, and site effects to generate signals representing future ground motions, but require definition of a specific earthquake scenario. The document also covers scaling recorded accelerograms to match target response spectra.

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    Selection of Accelerograms

    Uploaded by

    Aashutosh Raj Timilsena
    55 views7 pages
    This document discusses three types of accelerograms used in nonlinear analysis: 1) Recorded accelerograms, which are genuine earthquake recordings but can be difficult to select due to variability in source, path, and site characteristics. 2) Artificial accelerograms, which are mathematically generated but may not accurately match real earthquake response spectra. 3) Synthetic accelerograms, which model source, path, and site effects to generate signals representing future ground motions, but require definition of a specific earthquake scenario. The document also covers scaling recorded accelerograms to match target response spectra.

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    Selection of Accelerograms

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    This document discusses three types of accelerograms used in nonlinear analysis: 1) Recorded accelerograms, which are genuine earthquake recordings but can be difficult to select due to variability in source, path, and site characteristics. 2) Artificial accelerograms, which are mathematically generated but may not accurately match real earthquake response spectra. 3) Synthetic accelerograms, which model source, path, and site effects to generate signals representing future ground motions, but require definition of a specific earthquake scenario. The document also covers scaling recorded accelerograms to match target response spectra.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    55 views7 pages

    Selection of Accelerograms

    Uploaded by

    Aashutosh Raj Timilsena
    This document discusses three types of accelerograms used in nonlinear analysis: 1) Recorded accelerograms, which are genuine earthquake recordings but can be difficult to select due to variability in source, path, and site characteristics. 2) Artificial accelerograms, which are mathematically generated but may not accurately match real earthquake response spectra. 3) Synthetic accelerograms, which model source, path, and site effects to generate signals representing future ground motions, but require definition of a specific earthquake scenario. The document also covers scaling recorded accelerograms to match target response spectra.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 7

    Khwopa Engineering College

    Bhaktapur 2, Libali

    NONLINEAR ANALYSIS

    Types of accelerograms
    1) Recorded acceleragrams
    2) Artificial accelerograms
    3) Synthetic accelerograms

    1.) Recorded Accelerograms


    Recorded Accelerograms
    Genuine records of shaking produced by

    earthquakes. Therefore, they carry all the ground


    motion characteristics (amplitude, frequency and
    energy content, duration and phasse characteristics).
    They reflect all the factors influencing accelerograms
    (characteristics of the source, path, site).

    Real Accelerograms
    The real difficulty in using real accelegroms is to select

    records whose characteristics are as similar as possible to


    those of the expected earthquake, defined by a target
    scenario.
    Difficult to select correctly to identity the most important
    parameters that characterize the conditions under which
    an earthquake is produced. The parameters are:
    Source:
    (magnitude, rupture mechanism, directivity and
    focal
    depth)
    Path: distance and azimuth:
    Site:
    surface geology and topography
    It is possible to select records within ranges of magnitude and distance
    from the design event to increase the possibility of finding a valid
    record set.

    The UBC 1997, IBC 2000 and the EC8 specify that if

    only three records are used in the analyses, the


    maximum structural response must be used, whereas
    if seven or more are used, the average response may
    be used.

    2.) Artificial accelerograms


    Accelerograms can be generated mathematically

    through random vibration theory.


    Goal: develop a signal having a response spectrum that
    matches a target response spectrum with a predefined
    accuracy.
    However, even when the artificial accelerograms are
    almost completely compatible with the elastic design
    spectrum, they show an excessive number of cycles and
    unrealistically high energy content.
    Difficult to match the response spectrum with to real
    earthquake response spectrum.

    3.) Synthetic accelerograms


    Complex mathematical formulation to generate signals, following

    the seismic waves from the source to the site. The signal are able to
    represent source, path and response of the site.
    These signals represent eaqrthquake frequencies, near source
    effects, various focal mechanisms, fault slip velocity and
    displacement, directivity crustal propagation, soil and topography.
    These types of accelerograms are especially useful for some
    engineering applications where it is necessary to assess the future
    ground shaking often outside the range of parameters for which
    recorded data are now available.
    To generate synthetic accelerograms there is a need for a definition
    of a specific earthquake scenario in terms of magnitude, rupture
    mechanism, geological conditions and location of the site.

    Scaling of Accelerograms
    1) amplitude scaling
    PGA scaling
    Stripe scaling to match Sa(T1)
    3) Response spectrum Matching

    a) matching to average spectrum to the target spectrum


    b) matching individual spectrum to the target spectrum

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