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    Pain Management During Labor

    Uploaded by

    Mary Ann Pardilla Alcober
    Pain Management During Labor

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    Pain Management During Labor

    Uploaded by

    Mary Ann Pardilla Alcober
    243 views30 pages
    Pain Management During Labor

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    © © All Rights Reserved

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    PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

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    Pain Management During Labor

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    243 views30 pages

    Pain Management During Labor

    Uploaded by

    Mary Ann Pardilla Alcober
    Pain Management During Labor

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 30

    Chapter 7

    Nursing Management of Pain During


    Labor and Birth

    Elsevier items and derived items 2007 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier

    Objectives

    Define each key term listed.


    Describe factors that influence a womans
    comfort during labor.
    List the common types of classes offered to
    childbearing families.
    Describe the methods of childbirth
    preparation.

    Elsevier items and derived items 2007 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier

    Objectives (continued)

    Discuss the advantages and limitations of


    nonpharmacological methods of pain management
    during labor.
    Discuss the advantages and limitations of
    pharmacological methods of pain management.
    Explain nonpharmacological methods of pain
    management for labor, including the nursing role for
    each.
    Explain each type of pharmacological pain
    management including the nursing role for each.
    Elsevier items and derived items 2007 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier

    Education for Childbearing

    Elsevier items and derived items 2007 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier

    Types of Classes Available

    Gestational diabetes mellitus


    Early pregnancy
    Exercise for pregnant women
    Infant care
    Breastfeeding
    Sibling
    Grandparent
    Adolescent childbirth
    Elsevier items and derived items 2007 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier

    Variations of Basic Childbirth


    Preparation Classes

    Refresher
    Cesarean birth
    Vaginal birth after cesarean

    Elsevier items and derived items 2007 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier

    Content of Childbirth
    Preparation Classes

    Benefits of exercise
    Pain control methods for labor

    Elsevier items and derived items 2007 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier

    Childbirth and Pain

    How childbirth pain differs from other pain

    Part of a normal birth process


    Woman has several months to prepare for pain
    management
    Is self-limiting and rapidly declines after birth

    Elsevier items and derived items 2007 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier

    Factors that Influence


    Labor Pain

    Pain threshold
    Sources of pain during labor
    Central nervous systems factors
    Gate control theory
    Endorphins

    Maternal conditions
    Cervical readiness
    Pelvis
    Labor intensity
    Fatigue

    Fetal presentation and position


    Elsevier items and derived items 2007 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier

    Nonpharmacological Pain
    Management

    Advantages of nonpharmacological
    methods
    Limitations of nonpharmacological methods

    Elsevier items and derived items 2007 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier

    Methods of Childbirth
    Preparation

    Dick-Read method
    Bradley method
    Lamaze method

    Elsevier items and derived items 2007 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier

    Selected Nonpharmacological
    Pain Relief Measures

    Progressive
    relaxation
    Neuromuscular
    dissociation
    Touch relaxation
    Relaxation against
    pain
    Effleurage

    Sacral pressure
    Thermal stimulation
    Positioning
    Diversion and
    distraction
    Hydrotherapy

    Elsevier items and derived items 2007 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier

    Nonpharmacological
    Techniques

    Relaxation
    techniques
    Skin stimulation
    Effleurage
    Sacral pressure
    Thermal stimulation
    Positioning
    The nurses role

    Diversion and
    distraction
    Focal point
    Imagery
    Music
    Television

    Elsevier items and derived items 2007 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier

    Skin Stimulation

    Elsevier items and derived items 2007 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier

    Breathing

    First stage

    Slow paced
    Modified paced
    Patterned paced

    Second stage

    Elsevier items and derived items 2007 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier

    Elsevier items and derived items 2007 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier

    16

    How to Recognize and Correct


    Hyperventilation

    Signs and symptoms

    Dizziness
    Tingling of hands and
    feet
    Cramps and muscle
    spasms of hands
    Numbness around
    nose and mouth
    Blurring of vision

    Corrective measures

    Breathe slowly, especially


    when exhaling
    Breathe into cupped
    hands
    Place a moist washcloth
    over the mouth and nose
    while breathing
    Hold breath for a few
    seconds before exhaling

    Elsevier items and derived items 2007 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier

    Nursing Tip

    If a woman is successfully using a safe,


    nonpharmacological pain control technique,
    do not interfere

    Elsevier items and derived items 2007 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier

    Pharmacological Pain
    Management

    Elsevier items and derived items 2007 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier

    Physiology of Pregnancy & its


    Relationship to Analgesia & Anesthesia

    Elsevier items and derived items 2007 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier

    Pharmacological Methods
    Advantages

    Elsevier items and derived items 2007 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier

    Pharmacological Methods
    Limitations

    Elsevier items and derived items 2007 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier

    Analgesics and Adjunctive Drugs

    Narcotic (opioid) analgesics


    Narcotic antagonist
    Adjunctive drugs

    Elsevier items and derived items 2007 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier

    Regional Analgesics
    and Anesthetics

    The meninges around the spinal cord

    Dura mater
    Arachnoid mater
    Pia mater

    Elsevier items and derived items 2007 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier

    Types of Anesthesia
    for Childbirth

    Anesthetic method
    Local infiltration
    Pudendal block
    Epidural block
    Subarachnoid (spinal) block
    General anesthesia

    Elsevier items and derived items 2007 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier

    Elsevier items and derived items 2007 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier

    26

    Epidural Blood Patch

    Elsevier items and derived items 2007 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier

    General Anesthesia

    Adverse effects in the mother


    Adverse effects in the neonate

    Elsevier items and derived items 2007 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier

    Question for Review

    What is the most important nursing


    responsibility after an epidural or spinal
    block analgesia during labor and delivery?

    Elsevier items and derived items 2007 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier

    Review

    Objectives
    Key Terms
    Key Points
    Online Resources
    Critical Thinking Questions
    Review Questions

    Elsevier items and derived items 2007 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier

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