Grain Securing

SECURING BULK GRAIN
PRESENTATION
BY
CAPT.C.RAJENDRAN
SECURING BULK
GRAIN
LLED COMPARTMENT
1. LONGITUDINAL DIVISION
2. SAUCERING
3. BUNDLING
PARTLY FILLED COMPAR
1. LONGITUDINAL DIVISIONS
2. OVERSTOWING
3. STRAPPING OR LASHING
4. SECURING WITH WIRE MESH
LONGITUDINAL DIVISIONS
Longitudinal divisions (called shifting board), which must be
grain tight may be fitted in both "filled" and "partly filled
compartments".
In "filled compartments, they must extend downwards from the
underside of the deck or hatchcovers, to a distance below the
deckline of at least one-eighth the breadth of the
compartment, or at least 0.6m below the surface of the grain
after it has been assumed to shift through an angle of 15
degree
In a "partly filled compartment', the division, should extend
both above and below the level of grain, to a distance of oneeighth the breadth of the compartment.
SAUCER
SAUCERING
A SAUCER MAY BE USED AS AN
ALTERNATIVE TO A
LONGITUDINAL DIVISION ONLY
IN FILLED COMPARTMENT
TRIMMED.
NOT FOR LINSEED OR OTHER
SEEDS HAVING SIMILAR
PROPERTIES.
THE GARIN IS LOADED SO AS TO
FORM A SAUCER IN THE HATCH
WAY
14.2. The depth of the saucer, measured from

the bottom of the saucer to the deck line,
shall be as follows:
.1. For ships with a moulded breadth of up to
9.1 m, not less than 1.2 m.
.2. For ships with a moulded breadth of 18.3
m or more, not less than 1.8 m.
For ships with a moulded breadth

between 9.1 m and 18.3 m, the
minimum depth of the saucer shall
be calculated by interpolation.
The top (mouth) of the saucer shall
be formed by the under deck
structure in way of the hatchway, i.e.
hatch side girders or coamings and
hatch end beams
The saucer and hatchway above shall be

completely filled with bagged grain or other
suitable cargo laid down on a separation cloth
or its equivalent and stowed tightly against
adjacent structure so as to have a bearing
contact with such structure to a depth equal to
or greater than one half of the depth
If hull structure to provide such bearing
surface is not available, the saucer shall be
fixed in position by steel wire rope, chain, or
double steel strapping
SECURING
FILLED COMPARTMENTS:
BUNDLING; FILLING THE SAUCER WITH A
BUNDLE OF GRAIN AS OPPOSED TO BAGGED
GRAIN
DEPTH TO BE
1.2m ~ 1.8M
DEPENDENT
ON BREADTH
OF VESSEL
SAUCER TO BE LINED AND
LASHINGS PLACED
ATHWARTSHIPS, INSIDE THE
SAUCER, AT MAX. INTERVALS OF
2.4M
BUNDLING
. As an alternative to filling the saucer in a filled, trimmed,

compartment with bagged grain or other suitable cargo a bundle of
bulk grain may be used provided that:
. The saucer is lined with a material acceptable to the Administration
having a tensile strength of not less than 2,687 N per 5 cm strip and
which is provided with suitable means for securing at the top.
As an alternative a material acceptable to the Administration
having a tensile strength of not less than 1,344 N per 5 cm strip
may be used if the saucer is constructed as follows
Athwartship lashings acceptable to the Administration

shall be placed inside the saucer formed in the bulk
grain at intervals of not more than 2.4 m. These
lashings shall be of sufficient length to permit being
drawn up tight and secured at the top of the saucer.
Dunnage not less than 25 mm in thickness or other
suitable material of equal strength and between 150
mm and 300 mm in width shall be placed fore and aft
over these lashings to prevent the cutting or chafing of
the material which shall be placed thereon to line the
saucer.
The saucer shall be filled with bulk grain and secured at the
top except that when using material approved under A 15.3
further dunnage shall be laid on top after lapping the material
before the saucer is secured by setting up the lashings.
If more than one sheet of material is used to line the saucer
they shall be joined at the bottom either by sewing or by a
double lap.
The top of the saucer shall be coincidental with the bottom of
the beams when these are in place and suitable general cargo
or bulk grain may be placed between the beams on top of the
saucer.
SECURING
PARTLY FILLED COMPARTMENTS:
OVERSTOWING; WHERE BAGGED GRAIN
OR OTHER SUITABLE CARGO IS UTILISED
FOR THE PURPOSE OF SECURING.
1/16B or
1.2m
Free grain surface to be level and

covered with a separation cloth or
platform. This to be topped off with
bagged grain to a height not less than
1/16 of the breadth of free grain
surface or 1.2m which-ever is greater
OVER STOWING
Where bagged grain or other suitable cargo is utilized for the purpose of securing
partly filled compartments, the free grain surface shall be level and shall be
covered with a separation cloth or equivalent or by a suitable platform.
Such platform shall consist of bearers spaced not more than 1.2 m apart and 25
mm boards laid thereon spaced not more than 100 mm apart.
Platforms may be constructed of other materials provided they are deemed by the
Administration to be equivalent.
The platform or separation cloth shall be topped off with bagged grain tightly
stowed and extending to a height of not less than one sixteenth of the maximum
breadth of the free grain surface or 1.2 m, whichever is the greater.
The bagged grain shall be carried in sound bags which shall be well filled and
securely closed.
Instead of bagged grain, other suitable cargo tightly stowed and exerting at least
the same pressure as bagged grain stowed in accordance with A 16.2 may be used.
SECURING
PARTLY FILLED COMPARTMENTS:
STRAPPING/LASHING OR WIRE MESH;
WHERE STRAPPINGS, LASHINGS OR WIRE
MESH ARE UTILISED
Grain trimmed and

slightly crowned;
covered with
tarpaulins. Two solid
lumbar floors are laid
with 19mm wire rope
& turnbuckles for
tightening.
ALTERNATIVELY
Securing with two
layers of wire
reinforcement mesh
with steel wire hold
down2 lashings may be
used
STRAPPING OR LASHING
When, in order to eliminate heeling moments in partly
filled compartments, strapping or lashing is utilized, the
securing shall be accomplished as follows:
.1. The grain shall be trimmed and levelled to the

extent that it is very slightly crowned and covered with
burlap separation cloths, tarpaulins or the equivalent.
.2. The separation cloths and/or tarpaulins shall overlap
by at least 1.8 m.
.3. Two solid floors of rough 25 mm x 150 mm to

300 mm lumber shall be laid with the top floor
running longitudinally and nailed to an
athwartships bottom floor. Alternatively, one solid
floor of 50 mm lumber, running longitudinally and
nailed over the top of a 50 mm bottom bearer not
less than 150 mm wide, may be used.
The bottom bearers shall extend the full breadth of
the compartment and shall be spaced not more
than 2.4 m apart. Arrangements utilizing other
materials and deemed by the Administration to be
equivalent to the foregoing may be accepted
Steel wire rope (19 mm diameter or equivalent), double

steel strapping (50 mm x 1.3 mm and having a breaking
load of at least 49 kN), or chain of equivalent strength, each
of which shall be set tightly by means of a 32 mm
turnbuckle, may be used for lashings.
A winch tightener, used in conjunction with a locking arm,
may be substituted for the 32 mm turnbuckle when steel
strapping is used, provided suitable wrenches are available
for setting up as necessary.
When steel strapping is used, not less than three crimp
seals shall be used for securing the ends. When wire is
used, not less than four clips shall be used for forming eyes
in the lashings.
Prior to the completion of loading the lashing shall be

positively attached to the framing at a point approximately
450 mm below the anticipated final grain surface by means
of either a 25 mm shackle or beam clamp of equivalent
strength.
The lashings shall be spaced not more than 2.4 m apart
and each shall be supported by a bearer nailed over the top
of the fore and aft floor. This bearer shall consist of lumber
of not less than 25 mm x 150 mm or its equivalent and shall
extend the full breadth of the compartment.
During the voyage the strapping shall be regularly
inspected and set up where necessary.

Grain Securing

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What are the different methods described for securing bulk grain in ships?

What are the requirements for using saucers to secure bulk grain?

SECURING BULK GRAIN

PARTLY FILLED COMPAR

14.2. The depth of the saucer, measured from

For ships with a moulded breadth

The saucer and hatchway above shall be

. As an alternative to filling the saucer in a filled, trimmed,

Athwartship lashings acceptable to the Administration

Free grain surface to be level and

Grain trimmed and

.1. The grain shall be trimmed and levelled to the

.3. Two solid floors of rough 25 mm x 150 mm to

Steel wire rope (19 mm diameter or equivalent), double

Prior to the completion of loading the lashing shall be

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