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    Thermal Power Plant

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    KD Kanna
    This document provides an overview of thermal power plants (steam power plants). It discusses: 1) How chemical energy from fuel is converted through various stages (boiler, turbine, generator) to produce electrical energy. Steam is produced in a boiler and drives a turbine connected to a generator. 2) Typical efficiency of a steam power plant is 29% due to losses at various stages of the energy conversion process. 3) The basic components and working of a steam power plant, including the boiler, turbine and generator.

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    Thermal Power Plant

    Uploaded by

    KD Kanna
    362 views13 pages
    This document provides an overview of thermal power plants (steam power plants). It discusses: 1) How chemical energy from fuel is converted through various stages (boiler, turbine, generator) to produce electrical energy. Steam is produced in a boiler and drives a turbine connected to a generator. 2) Typical efficiency of a steam power plant is 29% due to losses at various stages of the energy conversion process. 3) The basic components and working of a steam power plant, including the boiler, turbine and generator.

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    This document provides an overview of thermal power plants (steam power plants). It discusses: 1) How chemical energy from fuel is converted through various stages (boiler, turbine, generator) to produce electrical energy. Steam is produced in a boiler and drives a turbine connected to a generator. 2) Typical efficiency of a steam power plant is 29% due to losses at various stages of the energy conversion process. 3) The basic components and working of a steam power plant, including the boiler, turbine and generator.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    362 views13 pages

    Thermal Power Plant

    Uploaded by

    KD Kanna
    This document provides an overview of thermal power plants (steam power plants). It discusses: 1) How chemical energy from fuel is converted through various stages (boiler, turbine, generator) to produce electrical energy. Steam is produced in a boiler and drives a turbine connected to a generator. 2) Typical efficiency of a steam power plant is 29% due to losses at various stages of the energy conversion process. 3) The basic components and working of a steam power plant, including the boiler, turbine and generator.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 13
    At a glance
    Powered by AI
    The key takeaways are that steam power plants convert chemical energy from fuels into electrical energy through a process of heating water to produce steam and using the steam to power turbines connected to generators.

    Energy is converted in stages - chemical energy from fuels is converted to thermal energy by combustion in the boiler, then thermal energy is converted to mechanical energy by the turbine, and finally mechanical energy is converted to electrical energy by the generator.

    The overall efficiency of a steam power plant is typically around 29%. Boiler losses account for around 16% efficiency loss, turbine losses account for around 54% loss, and generator losses account for around 1% loss.

    Thermal Power Plants

    (Steam Power Plants)



    By
    P.SELVAM
    P.SATHISH
    P.SIVA VINOTH

    MECHANI CAL-B
    Lecture Outlines
    Thermal Energy
    Energy conversion process
    Principle and Working
    Efficiency
    Merits & Demerits
    Parts of steam power plant



    Thermal Energy
    1. The kinetic energy of the molecules in a solid,
    liquid or gas
    2. The more kinetic energy, the more thermal
    energy the object possesses
    3. Physicists also call this the internal energy of
    an object

    Energy Conversion . . .
    Fuel, Air and water produce steam in the boiler by
    combustion
    Steam of high temperature and pressure is expended from
    high pressure to low pressure in the turbine
    Thermal energy is converted into kinetic energy and finally
    mechanical energy
    This mechanical energy derives the generator to produce
    electricity
    Energy Conversion Process in Steam Power
    Plants
    Chemical Energy is
    Converted into Thermal
    Energy by Combustion
    In Boiler
    Thermal Energy is
    Converted into
    Mechanical Energy
    In Turbine
    Mechanical Energy is
    Converted into
    Electrical Energy
    In Generator
    Chemical
    Energy
    Fuel
    Thermal
    Energy
    Mechanical
    Energy
    Electrical
    Energy
    Steam Power Plants
    Electricity generation in thermal power plants
    if characterized by the main source of
    generation being firing of coal, gas etc.
    Steam is produced in a boiler, and it drives a
    turbine connected to an alternator. Heat
    energy is converted to electric energy within
    the so-called steam cycle.

    THERMAL POWER PLANT
    Efficiency
    Efficiency = Heat Equivalent of Electrical output / Heat of Combustion
    Normally = 29%
    Losses:
    1. Boiler House Losses:
    a. To Dry Fuel Gases 5%
    b. To moisture in gases 5%
    c. To ash and unburnt carbon 1%
    d. To radiation and leakage 2.5%
    e. Unknown losses 2.5%
    TOTAL 16%
    Efficiency . . .
    2. Turbine Losses:
    a. Heat rejection to Condenser 54%
    3. Alternator or Generator Loss 1%
    TOTAL 55%
    Grand Total 71%
    So Efficiency = (100% - Losses)
    = 100% - 71% = 29%
    Merits of Steam Power Plant
    Fuel is cheaper*
    Less space is required
    The initial cost is less
    Plant can be located near the load centre
    Turbine can work at 25% overload continuously
    A portion of steam can be used in various industries
    Demerits of Steam Power Plant
    Maintenance and operating costs are high
    Pollution of atmosphere is one of the major
    problems
    Water is required in huge quantity
    Handling of coal and disposal of ash are
    difficult tasks
    It requires long time for installation
    Efficiency falls quickly below 75%
    STEAM POWER PLANT LAYOUT

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