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    Kinema Tics

    Uploaded by

    Navpreet Singh
    Kinematics is the branch of physics that describes motion without consideration of causes. It defines concepts like displacement, velocity, acceleration, and more. Vectors have magnitude and direction, while scalars only have magnitude. Mass is a scalar that measures the amount of matter in an object, while weight is the force of gravity on an object. Kinematics formulas are provided to calculate values like final velocity, average speed, displacement, and relationships between velocity and acceleration.

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    Kinema Tics

    Uploaded by

    Navpreet Singh
    134 views16 pages
    Kinematics is the branch of physics that describes motion without consideration of causes. It defines concepts like displacement, velocity, acceleration, and more. Vectors have magnitude and direction, while scalars only have magnitude. Mass is a scalar that measures the amount of matter in an object, while weight is the force of gravity on an object. Kinematics formulas are provided to calculate values like final velocity, average speed, displacement, and relationships between velocity and acceleration.

    Original Description:

    Presntation on Kinematics

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    Kinematics is the branch of physics that describes motion without consideration of causes. It defines concepts like displacement, velocity, acceleration, and more. Vectors have magnitude and direction, while scalars only have magnitude. Mass is a scalar that measures the amount of matter in an object, while weight is the force of gravity on an object. Kinematics formulas are provided to calculate values like final velocity, average speed, displacement, and relationships between velocity and acceleration.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    134 views16 pages

    Kinema Tics

    Uploaded by

    Navpreet Singh
    Kinematics is the branch of physics that describes motion without consideration of causes. It defines concepts like displacement, velocity, acceleration, and more. Vectors have magnitude and direction, while scalars only have magnitude. Mass is a scalar that measures the amount of matter in an object, while weight is the force of gravity on an object. Kinematics formulas are provided to calculate values like final velocity, average speed, displacement, and relationships between velocity and acceleration.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 16

    Kinematics

    Kinematics is the branch of classical


    mechanics that describes the motion of
    points, bodies (objects) and systems of
    bodies (groups of objects) without
    consideration of the causes of motion.
    Some Physics Quantities
    Vector - quantity with both magnitude (size) and direction
    Scalar - quantity with magnitude only
    Vectors:
    Displacement
    Velocity
    Acceleration
    Momentum
    Force
    Scalars:
    Distance
    Speed
    Time
    Mass
    Energy
    Mass vs. Weight
    On the moon, your mass would be the same,
    but the magnitude of your weight would be less.
    Mass
    Scalar (no direction)
    Measures the amount of matter in an object
    Weight
    Vector (points toward center of Earth)
    Force of gravity on an object
    Vectors
    The length of the
    arrow represents the
    magnitude (how far,
    how fast, how strong,
    etc, depending on the
    type of vector).
    The arrow points in
    the directions of the
    force, motion,
    displacement, etc. It
    is often specified by
    an angle.
    Vectors are represented with arrows
    42
    5 m/s
    Units
    Quantity . . . Unit (symbol)
    Displacement & Distance . . . meter (m)
    Time . . . second (s)
    Velocity & Speed . . . (m/s)
    Acceleration . . . (m/s
    2
    )
    Mass . . . kilogram (kg)
    Momentum . . . (kg m/s)
    Force . . .Newton (N)
    Energy . . . Joule (J)


    Units are not the same as quantities!
    SI Prefixes
    pico p
    10
    -12
    nano n
    10
    -9
    micro
    10
    -6
    milli m
    10
    -3
    centi c
    10
    -2
    kilo k
    10
    3
    mega M
    10
    6
    giga G
    10
    9
    tera T
    10
    12
    Little Guys Big Guys
    Kinematics definitions
    Kinematics branch of physics; study
    of motion
    Position (x) where you are located
    Distance (d ) how far you have
    traveled, regardless of direction
    Displacement (x) where you are in
    relation to where you started

    Distance vs. Displacement
    You drive the path, and your odometer goes up
    by 8 miles (your distance).
    Your displacement is the shorter directed
    distance from start to stop (green arrow).
    What if you drove in a circle?
    start
    stop
    Speed, Velocity, & Acceleration
    Speed (v) how fast you go
    Velocity (v) how fast and which way;
    the rate at which position changes
    Average speed ( v ) distance / time
    Acceleration (a) how fast you speed
    up, slow down, or change direction;
    the rate at which velocity changes
    Speed vs. Velocity
    Speed is a scalar (how fast something is
    moving regardless of its direction).
    Ex: v = 20 mph
    Speed is the magnitude of velocity.
    Velocity is a combination of speed and
    direction. Ex: v = 20 mph at 15 south of west
    The symbol for speed is v.
    The symbol for velocity is type written in bold: v
    or hand written with an arrow: v

    Speed vs. Velocity
    During your 8 mi. trip, which took 15 min., your
    speedometer displays your instantaneous speed,
    which varies throughout the trip.
    Your average speed is 32 mi/hr.
    Your average velocity is 32 mi/hr in a SE
    direction.
    At any point in time, your velocity vector points
    tangent to your path.
    The faster you go, the longer your velocity vector.
    Acceleration
    Acceleration how fast you speed up, slow
    down, or change direction; its the rate at
    which velocity changes. Two examples:

    t (s) v (mph)
    0 55
    1 57
    2 59
    3 61
    t (s) v (m/s)
    0 34
    1 31
    2 28
    3 25
    a = +2 mph / s a = -3
    m / s
    s
    = -3 m / s
    2

    Velocity & Acceleration Sign Chart
    V E L O C I T Y

    A
    C
    C
    E
    L
    E
    R
    A
    T
    I
    O
    N
    +
    -
    +
    Moving forward;
    Speeding up
    Moving backward;
    Slowing down

    -
    Moving forward;
    Slowing down
    Moving backward;
    Speeding up
    Kinematics Formula Summary
    (derivations to follow)
    v
    f
    = v
    0
    + a t
    vavg = (v
    0
    + v
    f

    ) / 2
    x = v
    0
    t + a t
    2
    v
    f
    2
    v
    0
    2
    = 2 a x
    2
    1
    For 1-D motion with constant acceleration:
    Kinematics Derivations
    a = v / t (by definition)
    a = (v
    f
    v
    0
    ) / t
    v
    f
    = v
    0
    + a t
    vavg = (v
    0
    + v
    f

    ) / 2 will be proven when we do graphing.
    x = v t = (v
    0
    + v
    f
    ) t = (v
    0
    + v
    0
    + a t) t
    x = v
    0
    t

    + a t
    2

    2
    1
    (cont.)
    Kinematics Practice
    A catcher catches a 90 mph fast ball. His
    glove compresses 4.5 cm. How long does it
    take to come to a complete stop? Be mindful
    of your units!
    2.24 ms

    Answer

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