Uses of Refractory
Uses of Refractory
Uses of Refractory
COPPER INDUSTRY
Smelting Process and The Converter
In copper industry, Direct Bonded Magnesia Chrome Brick is the most popular choice worldwide. The slag composition is normally high in Fe2O3 and SiO2, both of which attack magnesia in the refractory to form magnesio-ferrite, and Forsterite, whilst the sulphur present in the vapor phase also attacks magnesia to form magnesium sulphate.
Anode Furnace
There is little slag present in the Anode furnace, but the refractory lining is in contact with highly penetrative molten copper and cuprous oxide. The working environment of the Anode furnace demands chrome magnesite material with high hot strength to minimize copper penetration
ALUMINUM INDUSTRY
Refractories in Aluminum industry are commonly utilized
in several equipment's like Anode Baking Furnaces Melting / Holding Furnaces Induction Furnaces Reduction Pots Ladles and Launders The special requirements for refractories in Aluminum industry are Resistance to Carbon/Aluminum penetration High Strength High Corrosion resistance
Silicon nitride boards are bonded with silicon carbide and must have resistance to corrosion by liquid aluminium and fluorinated products.
Refractory Concrete having High Alumina Cement Ceramic fibres for sealing cathode block bars.
CEMENT INDUSTRY
In cement industry, the kiln, the preheating system operate in a vey high temperature range and therefore lined with refractories to protect steel structure against heat, abrasion and chemical attack. The cement kiln clinker area is usually provided with Dolomite refractories it is the most compatible material with the cement kiln clinker as it provides excellent coating stability, has very good resistance to thermal shock and alkali attack in varying kiln operating conditions. The Transition zone / Preheat zone / Preheater , Precalinator areas are usually provided with Magnesia-Alumina spinel
GLASS INDUSTRY
The important characteristics of the refractories in these areas are High Alkali Vapor Resistance High hot strength High Corrosion Resistance The bonded refractories are utilized in melter, refiner, regenerator, doghouse and ports of furnace. Zirconia is useful refractory material for glass furnaces primarily since it is not easily wetted by molten glass and because of its low reaction with them.
Refractory concretes
Carbon blocks
Nozzles
Thin- and thick-wall (<0.010.125") crucibles fabricated at Ultramet by chemical vapor deposition
Microstructure of black rhenium coating showing pyramidal dendrites formed by chemical vapor deposition
Solid rhenium solar thermal engines fabricated by Ultramet for NASA Marshall under the Shooting Star program. Engines are supported by 80% porous rhenium structural foam