QUESTION PAPER CODE 61/1 Part A Answer all the questions given below. 1. 2.

. Mention the internal functioning of the Buddhist Sanghas. Mention the major crop of Western India during 17th century. How did it come to India? Give a brief description of Lotus Mahal, situated in the Royal Centre in the Yijayanagara empire. Mention two changes that were seen in the network of trade in India in the urban centres from the mid 18 century. Mention two features of the Fort St. George of White Town, where most of the Europeans lived. PART B SECTION - I Answer any three of the following questions. 6. 7. Describe briefly the sources used for reconstructing the history of the Gupta rulers. An understanding of the function of an artefact is often shaped by its resemblance with present day things. Support your answer with suitable evidence. What did B.B. Lal note about the houses in the second phase of the Mahabharata period (c. twelfth - seventh centuries BCE) ? Explain. Critically examine why Sanchi survived while Amaravati did not. SECTION - II Answer any two of the following questions. 10. Explain the views of Bernier about a more complex social reality of the Mughal empire. 5 2

3.

4.

5.

8.

5 5

9.

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11. 12.

Describe the significance of temple building in the Sacred Centre of Vijayanagara. Granting of titles to men of merit was an important aspect of Mughal polity. Justify the statement with suitable evidence. SECTION - III

Answer any three of the following questions. 13. Critically examine the experiences of injustice felt by ryots on the refusal of extending loans to them after 1830s. Examine the proclamations issued by the rebels in 1857 and explain why did they want to reject everything associated with the British rule in India. Describe briefly the changes that came about in the Indian towns during the 18th century. Explain the reasons why the plan, suggested by the Cabinet Mission, was finally not accepted by the Congress and the Muslim League. PART C 17. Explain the variety of sources used by the historians to reconstruct histories of religious traditions. OR Explain how the biography of the saint poetess Mirabai has been primarily constructed. How did she defy the norms of society? 18. Explain the ideas expressed by Gandhiji in his address at the time of opening of Banaras Hindu University in February 1916. Did he put his precepts into practice? Give examples. OR How do autobiographies, Government records and newspapers help us in knowing about Gandhiji ? Explain.

14.

15.

16.

166

PART - D (Source Based Questions) Read the following extracts (questions no. 19 to 21) carefully and answer the questions that follow. 19. The wealthy Shudra This story, based on a Buddhist text in Pali known as the Majjhima Nikaya, is part of a dialogue between a king named Avantiputta and a disciple of the Buddha named Kachchana. While it may not be literally true, it reveals Buddhist attitudes towards varna. Avantiputta asked Kachchana what he thought about Brahmanas who held that they were the best caste and that all other castes were low ; that Brahmanas were a fair caste while all other castes were dark; that only Brahmanas were pure, not non-Brahmanas; that Brahmanas were sons of Brahma, born of his mouth, born of Brahma, formed by Brahma, heirs to Brahma. Kachchana replied: What if a Shudra was wealthy ... would another Shudra ... or a Kshatriya or a Brahmana or a Vaishya ... speak politely to him ? Avantiputta replied that if a Shudra had wealth or corn or gold or silver, he could have as his obedient servant another Shudra to get up earlier than he, to go to rest later, to carry out his orders, to speak politely; or he could even have a Kshatriya or a Brahmana or a Vaishya as his obedient servant. Kachchana asked: This being so, are not these four uarnas exactly the same ? Avantiputta conceded that there was no difference amongst the varnas on this count. (i) (ii) (iii) What did Avantiputta want to know from Kachchana about Brahmanas ? What was Kachchanas reply? Explain. If a Shudra had wealth, would Brahmanas and others speak to him politely? Give reasons. 3 2 3

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OR A mothers advice The Mahabharata describes how, when war between the Kauravas and the Pandavas became almost inevitable, Gandhari made one last appeal to her eldest son Duryodhana : By making peace you honour your father and me, as well as your wellwishers ... it is the wise man in control of his senses who guards his kingdom. Greed and anger drag a man away from his profits; by defeating these two enemies a king conquers the earth ... You will happily enjoy the earth, my son, along with the wise and heroic Pandavas ... There is no good in a war, no law (dharma) and profit (artha), let alone happiness; nor is there (necessarily) victory in the end - dont set your mind on war ... Duryodhana did not listen to this advice and fought and lost the war. (i) (ii) (iii) Explain briefly Gandharis appeal to Duryodhana. Do you agree with Gandharis advice to Duryodhana ? Give two arguments in support of your answer. Why did Duryodhana not listen to his mothers advice? Give two possible reasons. 3 3 2

20.

How tanks were built About a tank constructed by Krishnadeva Raya, Paes wrote: The king made a tank ... at the mouth of two hills so that all the water which comes from either one side or the other collects there; and, besides this, water comes to it from more than three leagues (approximately 15 kilometres) by pipes which run along the lower parts of the range outside. This water is brought from a lake which itself overflows into a little river. The tank has three large pillars handsomely carved with figures; these connect above with certain pipes by which they get water when they have to irrigate their gardens and rice-fields. In order to make this tank the said king broke down a hill ... In the tank I saw so many people at work that there must have been fifteen or twenty thousand men, looking like ants ... (i) (ii) (iii) Explain briefly where the tank was constructed. Explain briefly the sources of water for the tanks. Explain briefly the advantages of constructing tanks.
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2 3 3

OR Cash or kind? The Ain on land revenue collection: Let him (the amil-guzar) not make it a practice of taking only in cash but also in kind. The latter is effected in several ways. First, kankut : in the Hindi language kan signifies grain, and kut, estimates ... If any doubts arise, the crops should be cut and estimated in three lots, the good, the middling, and the inferior, and the hesitation removed. Often, too, the land taken by appraisement, gives a sufficiently accurate return. Secondly, batai, also called bhaoli, the crops are reaped and stacked and divided by agreement in the presence of the parties. But in this case several intelligent inspectors are required; otherwise, the evil-minded and false, are given to deception. Thirdly, khet-batai, when they divide the fields after they are sown. Fourthly, lang batai, after cutting the grain, they form it in heaps and divide it among themselves, and each takes his share home and turns it to profit. (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) 21. Explain the term kankut. Explain the system of batai or bhaoli system of land revenue collection. Explain the system of lang batai. Which system of land revenue collection, do you think, is better and why? 2 2 2 2

The real minorities are the masses of this country Welcoming the Objectives Resolution introduced by Jawaharlal Nehru, N.G. Ranga said: Sir, there is a lot of talk about minorities. Who are the real minorities? Not the Hindus in the so-called Pakistan provinces, not the Sikhs, not even the Muslims. No, the real minorities are the masses of this country. These people are so depressed and oppressed and suppressed till now that they are not able to take advantage of the ordinary civil rights. What is the position? You go to the tribal areas. According to law, their own traditional law, their tribal law, their lands cannot be alienated. Yet our merchants go there, and in the so-called free market they are able to snatch their lands. Thus, even though the law goes against this snatching away of their lands, still the merchants are able to turn the tribal people into veritable slaves by various kinds of bonds, and make them hereditary bond-slaves. Let us go to the ordinary villagers. There goes the money-lender with his money and he is able to get the villagers in his pocket. There is the landlord himself, the zamindar,and the malguzar

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and there are the various other people who are able to exploit these poor villagers. There is. no elementary education even among these people. These are the real minorities that need protection and assurances of protection. In order to give them the necessary protection, we will need much more than this Resolution ... (i) (ii) How is the notion of minority defined by N.G. Ranga? Do you agree with Ranga ? If not, mention who are the real minorities according to you and why. Explain the conditions of ordinary villagers. Describe the living conditions of the tribals. OR I believe separate electorates will be suicidal to the minorities During the debate on 27 August 1947, Govind Ballabh Pant said: I believe separate electorates will be suicidal to the minorities and will do them tremendous harm. If they are isolated for ever, they can never convert themselves into a majority and the feeling of frustration will cripple them even from the very beginning. What is it that you desire and what is our ultimate objective? Do the minorities always want to remain as minorities or do they ever expect to form an integral part of a great nation and as such to guide and control its destinies? If they do, can they ever achieve that aspiration and that ideal if they are isolated from the rest of the community? I think it would be extremely dangerous for them if they were segregated from the rest of the community and kept aloof in an air-tight compartment where they would. have to rely on others even for the air they breathe ... The minorities, if they are returned by separate electorates, can never have any effective voice. (i) (ii) (iii) How will separate electorates prove suicidal to the minorities? Explain the views of G.B. Pant. Will the creation of separate electorates solve the problem of minorities ?. If so, how? Suggest anyone way to solve the problem of minorities. PART - E 22. On the given political outline map of India (on page 17) mark and label any five Harappan sites.
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2 2 2 2

(iii) (iv)

4 3 1

OR On the given political outline map of India (on page 17) mark and label the following centres of Revolt of 1857 : Lucknow, Azamgarh, Jabalpur, Agra, Delhi. 23. On the given political outline map of India (on page 19), five centres of National Movement have been marked as 1, 2, 3, 4, 5. Identify them and write their names on the line drawn near them.

Note: The following questions are only for the Blind Candidates in lieu of the map questions (Q. No. 22 and 23). 22. Mention any five territories under Babar, Akbar and Aurangzeb. OR Mention any five important Mahajanapadas and cities. 23. Mention the names of any five centres of National Movement. 5 5

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QUESTION PAPER CODE 61/1 EXPECTED ANSWERS/VALUE POINTS Part A Q1 a) b) Buddha founded a Sangha, an organization of monks. These monks led a simple life possessing only the requisites for survival such as a bowl to receive food once a day from laity. They lived on alms. They were known as bhikkhus. Initially only males were admitted into the sangh but later on females were also admitted. It was made possible by mediation of Ananda. General issues were taken by votes. Once admitted in the sangh they were all regarded as equals. (Any two points) Q2. i) ii) Maize was one of the major crops of western India. It was introduced to India via Africa and Spain. Page 201- Book-II Q3 i) ii) iii) iv) Lotus Mahal is the most beautiful building in the Royal Centre. It was named so by the British travellers in the 19th Century. Its use is unknown. According to Mackenzie it might have been a council chamber where king met his advisors. (Any two points) Q4 i) ii) Page 181- Book-II 2 2 Page 92 -Book-I 2 2

c) d)

e) f)

Commercial centres such as Surat, Masulipatanam & Dhaka declined. East India Company expanded colonial cities such as Madras (Chennai), Calcutta (Kolkata) and Bombay (Mumbai). They rapidly emerged as new economic capitals. New occupations developed there and people flocked to these new cities. These were the biggest cities in India in terms of population. (Any two points)
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iii) iv)

Page 320- Book-III

Q5

i) ii) iii) iv)

Walls and bastions made this a distinct enclave. Colour and religion determined who was allowed to live with in the fort. The company did not allow any marriages with Indians. Other than English, the Dutch and Portuguese were allowed in the forts to stay because they were European and Christian. Page 331 - Book-III PART-B SECTION-I

(Any two points)

Q6. i)

Sources are a) Reconstructed from literature, coins and inscriptions including prashastis, composed in praise of kings, by poets. Prayag Prashasti is also known as the Allahabad Pillar inscription. Historians attempted to draw factual information from such compositions, works of poetry etc. Examples Prayaga Prashasti composed in Sanskrit by Harishena, court poet of Samudragupta Archaeological findings/evidences, pillars and rock-edicts (Assess as a whole) Pages 36-37- Book-I

ii)

iii)

iv)

Q7. i)

Archaeologists try to identify the function of an artefact is often shaped by its resemblance with present day things and by investigating the context in which it was found, like beads, querns, stone blades and pots. Some findings have religious significance like terracotta figurines of women, rare stone statutory of men, Great Bath and fire alters at Kalibangan and Lothal Nature worship seals with plant motifs Animals unicorn, figure seated cross-legged in a yogic postures is regarded as proto-Shiva Conical stone objects have been classified as lingas. Many reconstructions of Harappan religion are made on assumption because archaeologists often move from present to the past. (Assess as a whole)
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ii)

iii) iv)

v) vi)

Page 22- Book-I

Q8. i)

Archaeologist historian B.B. Lal excavated at a village Hastinapur in Meerut (U.P). It is not certain that it was the same Hastinapur of Mahabharata period or not. But with some similarities it is felt it might be the same Hastinapur He excavated and found 5 occupational levels. Within limited area no definite plans of houses were seen. Only walls of mud and mud bricks were found. The discovery of mud plaster with prominent red marks takes us to assume that there might have been houses. (Any 5 points) Page 75- Book-I

ii) iii) iv) v) vi)

Q9. a)

i) ii) iii)

Amaravati was discovered perhaps before scholars understood the value of the finds. A local raja wanted to build a temple upon the ruins of Amaravati decided to use stones and even to look for hidden treasure. Walter Elliot visited Amarvati and collected panels and took them away to Madras, to the Asiatic Society of Bengal at Calcutta and even to London. When Sanchi was discovered, three of its gateways were still standing, fourth was lying on the spot in a good condition. Though it was suggested to take away the remains either to Paris or London but now a few archaeologists had different view. (H.H. cole), therefore it survived. There were a number of other factors which helped to keep sanchi as it was. Even rulers of Bhopal (Shahjehan Begum and Sultan Jehan Begum) provided money for its preservation. Any other relevant point. (Any five points) Section II Page 99 - Book-I

b)

i) ii)

iii) iv)

Q10. i) ii)

He felt that artisans had no incentives to improve the quality of their manufactures. Reason given that profits being appropriated by state.

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iii) iv)

Decline in manufactures. He conceded that worlds most precious metals flowed into India because manufactures were sold for gold and silver in exchange. He found a prosperous merchant community in India engaged in long-distance exchange. (Assess as a whole) Page 133- Book-II 5

v)

Q11. I)

Rulers like Pallavas, Chalukyas, Hoysalas and Cholas encouraged temple building as a means of associating themselves with the divine. ii) iii) iv) The deity was generally identified with the king. Temples functioned as centres of learning. Rulers and others often granted land and other resources for the maintenance of temples. Temples developed as significant religious, social, cultural and economic centres. For rulers, help to the temples for repairing or maintenance was important means of wining support and recognition for their power, wealth and piety. Vijayanagara rulers ruled on behalf of the God Virupaksha. All orders were signed Shri Virupaksha Rulers also indicated their close links with the gods. (Any five points) Page 184- Book-II

v)

vi)

vii) viii) ix)

Q12 i)

It was granted by the king to the man of merit, recognizing his ability and usefulness. A mans ascent in the court hierarchy could be traced through the titles he held. The title Asaf Khan was given to highest minister. The title Mirza Raja was accorded by Aurangzeb to his two nobles of merit e.g Jai Singh and Jaswant Singh. Titles could be earned or paid for e.g Mir Khan offered Rs. 1 lakh to Aurangzeb for the letter alif i.e. A, to be added to his name to make it Amir Khan.
197

ii)

iii) iv)

v)

vi) vii)

Besides titles, other awards included robe of Honour (Khilat), Sarapa and jewellery were given by the emperor. The lotus blossom set with Jewels was given only in exceptional cureumistanees (Any five points) SECTION - III Page 241- Book-II

Q13 i) ii) iii) iv) v) vi) vii) viii) ix) x)

By 1830s prices of agricultural products fell sharply. Decline in peasants income, revenue could rarely be paid without a loan from moneylender. Ryot found difficult to pay it back, debt mounted. Ryot needed more loans to buy their everyday needs. Sahukars, export merchants in Maharashtra, stopped long term credit and started demanding repayment of old debts. Petition after petition, ryots complained of the injustice of such insensitiveness and the violation of custom (Deccan Riots Commission) The ryots came to see the moneylenders as devious and deceitful. Limitation Law was passed to check the accumulation of interest over-time. Deeds and bonds appeared as symbols of the new oppressive system. The general norm that interest charged could not be more than the debt brokedown (Any five points) Pages 278, 282, 284 - Book-III

Q14 i) ii) iii) iv) v) vi) vii)

The proclamation issued under the name of Bahadur Shah appealed to the people to join the fight under the standards of both Muhammad and Mahavir. The proclamation completely rejected every thing associated with British rule. They condemned the British for the annexations they had carried out and the treaties they had broken. Rebels declared that the British could not be trusted. The British land revenue settlements or systems had dispossessed landlords of their lands. Foreign commerce had ruined the weavers and artisans. Every aspect of British rule was attacked and the firangis were accused of destroying a way of life, that was familiar and cherished.
198

viii)

The rebels wanted to restore the previous life and reject every thing that was British. (Any five points) Pages 301, 303 - Book-III 5

Q15 i) ii)

Old towns declined and new towns were developed. The gradual erosion of Mughal power led to the demise of the towns associated with Mughals. Delhi and Agra lost their political authority. Increasing importance of regional capitals e.g. Lucknow, Hyderabad, Seringapatam, Poona, Nagpur, Baroda and Tanjore etc. Traders, administrators, artisans and others migrated from old Mughal centres to these new capitals in search of work and patronage. Possibilities of new and ready employment in the new capitals due to warfare between the new kingdoms. Opportunities to create new quasbah and ganj developed /increased. With the expansion of commercial activity, towns grew around the trading centre. There was renewed economic activity. Calcutta, Bombay and Madras grew rapidly into cities as new commercial and administrative centres. (Any five) Pages 319, 320- Book-III

iii) iv)

v)

vi)

vii) viii)

ix) x)

Q16 i) ii)

Initially all the parties accepted this plan given by Cabinet Mission. But the agreement was short lived because it was based on mutually opposed interpretation of the plan. The League wanted the grouping to be compulsory into three groups. Section A for the Hindu majority provinces and section B and C for the Muslim majority provinces of the north-west and north east with the right to secede from the union in the future. The Congress wanted that the provinces be given the right to join a group. It was not satisfied with Missions clarification that the grouping will be compulsory at first but provinces would have the right to opt out after the

iii)

iv) v)

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constitution had been finalised and new elections were held in accordance with it. vi) Therefore ultimately both disagreed to the Cabinet Missions proposal. (Any five points) PART C Q17 i) ii) Sources used by historians include sculpture, architecture, stories about religious preceptors, compositions attributed to women and men. Architecture can only be understood if we have grasp on the context, the ideas, beliefs, practices of those who produced and used these images and buildings. Understanding each type of text requires different skill. The historian should know subtle variations in style that characterise each generation. The continuity of religious traditions is quite advantageous if they know about them. Old paintings hagiographies and biographies of saints. Old letters, records etc help the historians. Archaeological finds reveal a lot of information of that period. (Assess as a whole) OR i) ii) iii) iv) v) vi) vii) viii) ix) From her bhajans attributed to her She defied her husband and did not submit to the traditional role of wife and mother. Recognised Lord Krishna, the Avtar of Vishnu as her lover Escaped her palace and lived as a wanderering singer. Composed songs which were characterised by intense expressions of emotion. According to some traditions, Raidas, a leather worker, was her preceptor. This reveals that she defied caste norms. She is supposed to have donned the white robes of a widow or the saffron robes of the renouncer even when her husband was still alive. She has been recognised as a source of inspiration for many working in her direction. Pages 164, 165 - Book-II 8 Pages 140, 165, 167 - Book-II 8 Page 389- Book-III

iii) iv) v) vi) vii) viii)

(Assess as a whole)

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Q18. i) ii) iii) iv)

It was merely a statement of fact that Indian nationalism was an elite phenomena, a creation of lawyers, doctors and landlords At another level it was a statement of intent. Gandhiji charged the Indian elite with a lack of concern for the labouring poor. Gandhiji chose to remind those present, of the peasants and workers who constituted a majority of the Indian population yet were unrepresented in the audience. The first public announcement of Gandhijis own desire to make Indian nationalism more representative of the Indian people as a whole. Gandhiji was presented with an opportunity to put his percepts into practice when peasants from champaran approached him in the Lukhnow session of 1916. Describe with examples of Kheda, Champaran and Ahmedabad. (Assess as a whole) OR Pages 348- Book-III

v) vi)

vii)

i) ii) iii) iv) v) vi)

Sources Writings and speeches of Mahatma Gandhi and his contemporaries, both associates and his political adversaries help in knowing Gandhiji. Out of those a distinction is to be made which were for the public and which not It helped to hear his public voice. Private letters gave a glimpse of his private thoughts and also which were written to the individuals but they were meant for the public. Mahatma Gandhi regularly published his journal Harijan. In Harijan his private letters and what others wrote were regularly published and through it his ideas became public. Autobiographies these are written very often from memory what the author could recollect and which he thought important for him to write.

vii) viii) ix)

What he thought to write which was important for him but for others, may not be. In autobiography a person presents himself in a way he wants to be seen. Government records Fortnightly reports prepared by Home department based on police information. For example Home department was unwilling to

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accept that Gandhis actions had worked any enthusiastic response from the public, Dandi March was seen as a drama x) xi) xii) xiii) Through Newspapers, published in English and different Indian languages which tracked Mahatma Gandhi's movements and reported on his activities. They represented ordinarily Indian thoughts. Represented also public and political opinions. Through Police eyes. (Assess as a whole) Q19. A. i) Pages 367, 370, 373 - Book-III 3

Avantiputta wanted to know from Kachchana: What he thought about Brahmanas who held that they were the best caste and that all other castes were low that Brahmanas were a fair caste while all other castes were dark, that only Brahmanas were pure, and not non-Brahamanas, that all Brahamanas were sons of Brahma, born of his mouth, born of Brahma, formed by Brahma, heirs to Brahma.

ii)

Kachchana replied What if a shudra were wealthy, would another shudra or a kshatriya or a Brahmana or a vaishya speak politely to him. Yes. If shudra had wealth Brahmanas and others would speak to him politely. Because due to wealth he would get power and resources. Shudra would get respect in society. Page -70 Book-I

iii)

3 3

Q19. B

A mothers advice i) She said a) By making peace you honour your father and me, as well as your well wishers it is the wise man in control of his senses who guards his kingdom. Greed and anger drag a man away from his profits, by defeating these two enemies a king conquers the earth, you will happily enjoy the earth, my son, along with the wise and heroic Pandvas There is no good in war, no law (dharma) and profit artha, let alone happiness; nor is there victory in the end forbade to set his mind on war.

ii)

Yes a) b) c) War brings bloodshed and killings. Unhappiness, destruction. Hatred among relatives and other people.

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iii)

Wanted to become a ruler. To have the throne and power. To save prestige. He was very adamant and arrogant. Or any other relevent argument Page 60- (Book-I) 2 2

Q20 A

i) ii) iii)

The tank was constructed at the mouth of two hills so that all the water which comes from either one side or the other is collected there. By pipes which run along the lower part of the range outside. This water was brought from a lake which itself overflew into a little river. 1. 2. 3. to irrigate the gardens and rice fields for water supply to the cities for water supply conducted through a channel to the royal centre. (Page 177) (Book-II) OR

3 3

Q20 B

i) ii)

Kan signifies grain and kut estimates The crops are reaped, stacked and divided by agreement in the presence of the parties. But in this case several intelligent inspectors are required; other wise, the evil-minded and false are given to deception. Khet-Batai - when they divide the fields after they are sown. Lang batai, after cutting the grain, they form it in heaps and divide it among them-selves and each takes his share home and turns it to profit (Page 215) (Book-II)

2 2 2

iii) iv)

Q21 A

i)

According to N.G. Ranga, the real minorities are not the Hindus in the so called Pakistan provinces, not the Sikhs and not even the Muslims. The real minorities are the masses of this country who are depressed and oppressed and suppressed and do not even enjoy their ordinary civil rights. Or any relevant point. Yes, I agree with N.G. Ranga. In fact real minorties for the puspose are as described by him. (Assess as a whole) The condition of the ordinary villagers was very pathetic. The money lenders were often able to get them in their pockets. They were exploited by the landlords, the Zamindars and the malguzars. There are various
203

ii)

2 2

iii)

other people who are able to exploit these poor villagers. There was no elementary education among these people. iv) According to their own traditional law & there tribal law, their lands could not be alienated. Yet, the merchants were very often able to snatch their lands and turn the tribals into vertible slaves by various kinds of bonds. Page 420 Book-III OR Q21 B I believe separate electorates will be suicidal to the minorities i) According to G.B. Pant separate electorates will be suicidal because then the minorities will be isolated for ever, and they will never be able to convert themselves into a majority and a feeling of frustration will creep in. They will not be able to be a part of this great nation and will never be able to fulfil their aspirations. No, it will not solve the problem (Assess as a whole) Yes - because a) b) they might enjoy a separate identity of their own. their opinions and views may be better expressed. (Assess as a whole.) 1 4

ii)

Or any other relevant point. iii)

One way of solving the problem of minorities will be education which will make them aware of their rights and difficulties. (Any other relevant points) Page No. 418 (Book-III)

For Blind students only 22. Delhi, Agra, Panipat, Amber, Ajmer, Lahore, Goa (Any five) OR Vajji, Magadha, Koshala, Kuru, Panchala, Gandhara, Avanti, Rajgir, Ujjain, Taxila, Varanasi (Any five) Page -30- Book-I 23. Champaran, Kheda, Ahmedabad, Benaras, Amritsar, Chauri Chaura, Lahore, Bardoli, Dandi, Bombay, Karachi (Any five)
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