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TABLE OF CONTENT
1) Letter from the Under-Secretary General,
2) Introduction to The Committee,
3) Introduction to The Agenda Item,
4) Social Gender Norms Worldwide;

a) Matriarchal Communities,
b) Patriarchal Communities,
c) Comparison of The Individuals,

5) The Variables of Social Change;

a) The effects of Trends, Culture and Clothing, b) The
effects of Wars and Conflicts on Gender Norms, c) The
First World War and Its Effects on Gender;
i) The Empowerment of Women,
d) The Second World War and Its Effects on Gender Roles;
i)The Sudden Decrease of Population,
ii) The Post-War Childbirth Agenda,
iii) The Creation of The ‘Baby Boomer’ Generation,

6) Current Problems Caused by The Gender Norms;

7) Solutions That The United Nations Has Been Practising,
8) Questions To Be Addressed,
9) Bibliography.

1) Letter From The Under-Secretary General

Esteemed Participants, I, as the continuing Under-Secretary-General of

Namık Karamancı Science High School Model United Nations Conference of
2024, would like to welcome you all to the second seasonal session of
MUNKFL. It is my great pleasure to serve as the Under-Secretary-General,
accompanied by my dear Academic Assistant, Nehir Keleş.
Nelson Mandela once said: “We can change the world and make it a better
place. It is in your hands to make a difference”. As a young generation,
today we have the chance to change the world, change it into a fair, lively,
and graceful world bringing prosperity and security to each individual.
Everyday we get a chance to do something different, to change the world!
This is why we should start now and prepare ourselves by seizing each
opportunity that will allow us to do so. This is why our conference’s goal is
to encourage the youth to take part in different debates in order to meet
with the worldwide challenges present today, while they learn to share
their ideas and their standpoints working jointly with diligence.

I recommend thoroughly reading the study guide, researching the agenda

items extensively, and actively participating in the debate. Please deliver
your speeches in line with the policies of the countries you are
representing, not according to your personal opinions. Should you have
any concerns, please don’t hesitate to contact me. I wish you a conference
filled with fruitful debates and successful outcomes.

MUNKFL is not only a conference that will benefit you on an academic

level, considering your opportunity to expand your knowledge and utilize
it in engaging debates but it is also your chance to know the people better
and create unforgettable memories. Do not miss out on such an
experience! Prepare and embolden yourself to engage in world-changing
debates as you seize this amazing opportunity to participate in one of the
amazing MUN conference!
Best Regards,

Selin Işıl Solmaz

Under-Secretary-General of MUNKFL’24
2) Introduction To The Committee

The United Nations Entity Dedicated to Gender Equality and The Empowerment of Women,
also known as UNWOMEN, was established on January 1st 2011 within the power of
General Assembly Resolution 64/289. After its establishment, the Entity worked for the
greatest intentions of gender equality, female individuals and, queer communities and, plans
to continue this mission.

The stated committee relations with governments and civil societies to develop policies, laws,
campaigns and services necessary to ensure the governance of the standards set by UDHR and
UNHRC substantive documents for its purpose to truly benefit female individuals and queer
communities. This committee works under the goal of achieving the sustainable society
development goals and takes visions as its goal to practise such as;

Women leading, participating and, benefiting equally in governance systems,

Women having stable income, decent work and, economic autonomy,

All citizens to live a life, distant from any forms of violence,

Additionally, The Entity also works as a reminder at all of the UN systems to include and
recognise human, especially women rights in its decisions and also this organisation seeks to
promote gender equality agenda as essential to achieving a more sustainable and ethically
right society.
3) Introduction to the Agenda Item

As the Agenda Item follows as such, discrimination against women has always been a problem
to human society. It was usually caused by the misunderstandings of religious texts as some of
them were passed from spoken words, altered by the mischievous human mind, it was able to
create gender norms for male individuals to feel superior than female individuals. From the
very start of human existence, men, because of their muscular and strong bodies, took on
7
the
role of hunting; as women, because of their strong sense and developed eyesight, took on the
role of gatherer. That indicated the creation of the very first gender norm. As there is little to no
evidence of what society and gender norms looked like before religion ever existed, it is known
that after communities started living a sedentary life, women were expected to bear children
and work around the settlement to partake the role in their children's development, look after
the livestock and farms, men were expected to go far from the settlement, hunt and provide
food to their homes. These norms expectedly carried on after the invention of currency and
capitalism. This time, men were expected to work and practise a profession and earn a living
out of it, yet still, women were expected to bear children and look after their providing male
partners, as after the creation of religion, for mankind to have something, someone to turn to
when they feel desperate or lonely, the idea of marriage and 2 people bonding their lives until
eternity is created and, the gender norms took a whole another turn after that. After the
institution of marriage and religious belief came into contact with the human society, with the
religions effect and forgetting why women stayed at home and men went to hunt, these
expected roles became harmful to human lives, as in because of their overdeveloped provider
ego, men were to go to wars and defend their homes with their lives for reasons such as;
display of decaying body parts, women showing their ankles, and of course, whiskey. As
people died during wars and plague, women were pressured to bear more children to balance
the population and not to have an education. The social status idea being
created by a group of people being more superior than others, also indicated that
women indeed were to work jobs as handmaidens, ladies in waiting and tailors. The
gender norms that came to being as such continued without any major changes until
world war I. The world war due to its potential, created a massive imbalance in the
population of the world and war campaigns were promoted for women to bear more and
more children and this act created the generation called “baby boomers”. The baby
boomers were indicated and instructed at birth for their only meaning in life to get
married at a young age, give birth to children and insure that they will have
grandchildren. Furthermore they were told that this was the meaning of a
happy life and they will not be complete without fitting into these standards. These norms
created then, are still affecting us to this day. Before the second world war, women were
working on the field but looking at the fact that the industrial revolution happened and the
population was unbalanced, it was required for women to work in heavy jobs that
normally male individuals practised. These terms led to the masculinisation of women and
created a movement called “Feminism”. This movement indicated that the gender norms
were harming the society and demanded that all humans be equally treated by the male
dominated workfield and have the right to get a proper education. As a society, humans
are still developing the sense of equality and still have problems of discrimination to this
day.

4) Social Gender Norms Worldwide

As the planet earth houses many communities along its grounds, one might say that not all of
them developed the social norms as others. Firstly social norms can be considered in types of
folkways, mores, taboos and law. Social interactions establish social norms through fostering
commonalities in people’s thoughts, feelings, and behaviours. Differences in culture
influence society's daily actions. Looking at the planet earth being split into continents, and
societies evolving ideas by trading and communicating, many societies that live in different
continents without any interactions, developed various social structures. Mainly looking at
the topic of social structures one might lower them to the point of matriarchal and patriarchal
communities. One might see patriarchal communities around Europe and Asia but looking at
South Africa, isolated from European Capitalism and social norms, it is seen to develop its
whole different social structure, matriarchal communities.

a. Matriarchal Communities
A community shall be called a matriarchal community when a woman reigns over a group of
people and has the say in important things. In matriarchal communities, a female individual
is the ruler of the colony and the culture. Inheritance passes through the woman’s ancestors.
Females make the decisions about managing the country that they have the control of, but
also they maintain to be the head of the family. These cultures, which have existed
throughout history, are powerful representations of female leadership Its origins date back to
a time when clan systems predominated and men served as the majority of hunters,
gatherers, and fighters. Being a mother is very significant in these societies because men
were frequently killed in combat or absent for long periods of time. The strength of the clan
depended on the health of the girls to continue bearing children and the strength of the boys
to become future warriors, leaving women to remain the heads of their households. These
individuals' mother's identity was widely known, but their father's was frequently a mystery.
matriarchies are not just a reversal of patriarchy, with women ruling over men but it
developed in the way it is within the same conditions that the rest of the world evolved in.
Seeing that matriarchies evolved in a whole different way than patriarchies under the same
conditions, one might say that it is the state of mind of the people that changes the society,
not the conditions evolving under a certain way. Matriarchal communities around the world
include; Minangkabau in India, Bribri in Costa Rica, Mosuo in China, Nagovisi in New Guinea,
Umoja in Kenya and furthermore.

b. Patriarchal Communities
A patriarchy indicates that a man has the control over people in a group and holds the power.
The political, social, and economic systems that organise gender inequality between men and
women are known as patriarchal systems because they are built on a set of relationships,
assumptions, and ideals. While qualities viewed as "masculine" or belonging to males are
given preference, qualities seen as "feminine" or belonging to women are devalued. The
framework of patriarchal relationships ensures that men rule both the private and public
worlds. A male child is deemed to be more important than a female child, and as a result,
female entrepreneurs are discouraged from learning more about business and even taking
the plunge into it. Women are also assigned the role of housekeeper while the man is held
solely responsible for the family's finances. Women are excluded from ownership,
production, and other kinds of wealth accumulation due to patriarchy. As a social system, it
favours male social and economic organisation, which makes it easier for them to fill
leadership positions in politics and enforce social mores. It is believed that patriarchy started
when the agricultural revolution happened. Because somebody had to have control over
surplus food, it became necessary to divide society into roles that supported this hierarchy.
The patriarchal systems that emerged brought women for the first time under the direct
control of fathers and husbands with few cross-cutting sources of support. Women as wives
under this system were not social adults, and women's lives were defined in terms of being a
wife. Women's dignity and sexuality came to be seen as requiring protection by fathers and
husbands. Protecting unmarried women's virginity appears to go along with the idea of the
domestication of women and an emphasis on a radical dichotomy between the public and the
private sphere. The private sphere is watched over and protected by men, and women are
excluded from the public domain.

c. Comparison of the Individuals

As one can see here, matriarchies are mother-centred societies, they are based on
maternal values: care-taking, nurturing, motherliness, which holds for everybody: for
mothers and those who are not mothers, for women and men alike. On the other hand,
patriarchies include the authority of father or male elder. Women are not valued as much
as in matriarchies. Men have the power over giving decisions about women’s lives. In
patriarchies, inheritance passes through a father’s family line, for instance, a woman who
marries a man gets the surname of her husband. As the opposite, in matriarchies legacy is
continued by the mother’s dynasty. In this case, the man gets his wife’s last name. Also,
matriarchies include women as the rulers of
the society when patriarchies claim that it is men. The value and importance of women is
highly protected in Matriarchies, they make their own choices in marriage, childbirth,
ownership, occupation, and every kind of decision that includes their private life and they
are respected in the community while in Patriarchies women are seen just as the
housekeepers and wives. The main reason they exist is mothering, they can not provide
financial help to their households income. They can be used as trade materials in land
auctions.

5) The Variables of Social Change

Gender norms, society and even people tend to change during long years of war, political
tension and revolutions. When one looks deeper into the variables of social change, one
can see that a social change may be majorly triggered by events such as; wars, conflicts,
times of need, emerging trends and cultures, clothing and both cultural or governmental
revolutions. Looking at the past, these events may individually alter the course of the
grand order of gender norms just by happening. Quoting the iconic catholic warrior that
opposed all norms, Joan of Arc, “One life is all we have and we live it as we believe in
living it. But to sacrifice what you are and to live without belief, that is a fate more terrible
than dying.” as she was in search to describe the absence of religious belief, she became
one of the first female warrior figures in the history of christianity and as people like
Sappho, Hypatia, Mary Shelley, Ada Lovelace, Rosa Parks and Gloria Steinem lived
throughout the history, there were always hope for women to stand tall against the
patriarchal order.

a.The Effects of Trends, Culture and Clothing on Gender

As trends emerge from various sources, they tend to change the gender norms bit by bit each
time considering their effects on individuals even for the shortest time. As these trends move
on as cultural trends, which appear in long term time periods, and clothing trends, that tends
to appear in short time periods. Looking at the important example of 1920’s short bob
haircuts, that empowered women to be independent and even compare their power with men,
and stayed for a short period of time, emerged again after the second world war that provided
the world with a decreasing population of men. As men lost their lives in the war, now with
the effects of the industrial revolution, an incredible amount of workforce was now needed all
around the world. Thus marked the beginning of a reemerging trend for women to cut their
hair as they felt that long hair comes in their way while working in hard labour occupations.
Women, who were discouraged to have short hair before this trend was now able to cut their
hair short without being looked down upon by their society. This example reminds us how
these various trends of social life tend to change the world little by little everyday.
b. The Effects of Wars and Conflicts on Gender Norms
War, like other forms of government, has a strong gender component. Many elements
influence the gendered experience of war, including an individual's or country's worldwide
location, the sort of conflict, and their role in the war. Most people associate war, or at least
battlefields, with pictures of young men engaging in deadly warfare. Women, on the other
hand, have been crucial to military operations throughout history, serving as spouses and
mothers, nurses and administrators, and, increasingly, combatants. While men hold the bulk
of military and decision-making posts, women have historically provided critical support for
warfighting and military operations. Women, as mothers, have given birth to and cared for
future soldiers, as well as providing support to enlisted men. On the battlefield, women have
supplied food, clothing, and emotional support. Women offer the majority of social services for
the base population on military facilities. Women have entered the labour field as civilians
to cover positions left vacant by enlisted males, which are critical to the ongoing war
economy. Women have worked as prostitutes for military men on foreign bases, both
officially and unofficially. Women are kidnapped, assaulted, become refugees, widows, and
lose their lives in battle.

Economic Outcomes
Because of the rising inflation after a war, the infrastructure of a country can be damaged. As
the rate of shortage increases, people in the working population decline the current
conditions since their salaries can’t catch up with the debts. Extreme rates of poverty are
usually seen in a post-war country.

Social Outcomes
Sexual assault and rape are two common ways in which women are uniquely afflicted by
conflict. While individual troops may rape both civilians and fellow soldiers, certain
armies have used rape as a systematic instrument of war for a variety of reasons,
including intimidating a social group, shaming men to undermine military morale, and
encouraging ethnic genocide. Examples from history include: During the closing years of
WWII, Soviet forces assaulted a considerable number of German women. In the 1970s,
the Pinochet regime in Chile used abuse of women as part of their explicit state torture
plan to punish dissidents. Assault served a special ethnic genocidal goal in Rwanda in
1994, with Tutsi women being sexually assaulted by Hutu men as a formal attack on the
Tutsi adversary. Similarly, during the war in the former Yugoslavia (1992-1995), Serbian
forces regularly harassed Bosnian women of Muslim and Croat ancestry.
c. The First World War and Its Effects on Gender
Roles
The first world war that emerged from the tension between the world, has affected our social
life today by a major percentage. As this was a time the world needed women to stand by the
men who fought a war the most, women acted by opening their houses for veterans,
volunteering as military nurses and most importantly, by their physical labour. When the war
ended, it was another time for women that felt more empowered and independent as they
started practising full time physical labour more than ever and learned to cherish their lives
as they saw many others lose it.

c.i. The Empowerment of Women

The amount of women in the workforce has increased due to the results of World War I, men
weren’t able to get part in daily jobs because of the injuries they had throughout the war.
Women’s employment opportunities expanded beyond work that is seen traditionally for
women such as nursing and teaching. During the war, they were given occupations as clerks,
stenographers, radio operators, messengers. They started to work in sales, textile factories.
Women gained voting rights in many nations, yet, their full participation in elections still
remained limited.

d. The Second World War and Its effects on

Gender Roles
As the world faced another war and the population of the world suddenly decreased by the
involvement of higher technology weapons, women who were to stay at home, needed to
work even more than they ever did. That will result in the creation of feminism as women
are now encouraged to work and participate as much as men do. Women who got involved
in the workforce now needed rights and equal payment more than ever.

d.i. The Sudden Decrease of Population

As a result of World War II, the civilians who migrated to different countries to provide war
occupations returned back to their own countries. Fertility rate decreased due to the death
rates of the civilians. More than %3 of the world’s population has died. World War II caused
several severe hunger crises which led to many casualties and had long term effects on the
health of survivors.
d.ii. The Post-War Childbirth Agenda
In many developed nations, fertility increased after World War II, resulting in huge birth
cohorts between the mid-1940s and the mid-1960s. The baby boom has had a significant
demographic impact that is widespread, long-lasting, and has been well-documented,
particularly in the United States. Yet, analysing the causes of the baby boom and predicting
fertility in the years that followed have received demographers' most serious attention. The
baby boom (and the ensuing recession) are sometimes cited as the worst examples of failed
demographic projections. It continues to be demography's leading illustration of the
unpredictable nature of population dynamics and is commonly cited as proof that our
understanding of human fertility is woefully inadequate.

d.iii. The Creation of the ‘Baby Boomer’ Generation

The Baby Boomer generation, a product of the post-World War II period, significantly
impacted society in various ways. Its effects on the rights of females were both restrictive and
liberating, as it perpetuated traditional gender roles while simultaneously providing the
impetus for the feminist movement. The mindset implemented during this generation
continues to shape the socio-economic landscape today, with its influence evident in
economic policies, social welfare, healthcare, and environmental concerns. Understanding the
legacy of the Baby Boomer generation allows us to navigate the challenges and opportunities
presented by the past while striving for a more inclusive and sustainable future. It is essential
for future generations to reflect on these historical lessons to build a more equitable society
that respects the rights and aspirations of all individuals, regardless of their gender or
background.

6) Current Problems Caused by the

Gender Norms
As the problems that emerge from the past, even though the world has made a significant
development, the problems of gender inequality still continue. As the UNWOMAN works
harder and harder every day to collaborate and resolve this worldwide problem, women
still face these problems everyday.
The Workfield
Psychological and social studies prove beyond a shadow of a doubt that practically everyone
has unconscious gender prejudices to varying degrees. For instance, a recent study found
that when individuals hear words connected to careers, like business, profession, and job,
they typically think of men, but when they hear phrases associated with domestic life, such
as family, household, and caregiving, they typically think of women. In fact, the vast majority
of people associate women with support positions like secretary, assistant, and attendant
whereas they link men with leadership-related professions like boss, CEO, and director.
Careers believed to be for men tend to pay more than jobs deemed to be for women. In fact,
the average wage of women entering the workforce is lower than that of men, independent of
degree of education. And throughout women's careers, this income discrepancy still exists.
According to a recent joint research from the International Labour Organization (ILO) and the
World Health Organization (WHO), women in the health and care industry experience a
wider gender pay gap than in other economic sectors, earning on average 24 percent less than
male peers. It appears that mothers who work in the health and care industries face
significant hardships. Employment and gender wage inequalities in the sector significantly
widen during a woman's reproductive years. After that, these gaps continue for the remainder
of a woman's professional career. The study notes that a more equal distribution of household
responsibilities between men and women might, in many cases, influence women's decision
to pursue a different line of work. Examples to discrimination against women in the
workplace can be given as: A hiring committee giving preference to male applicants over
female applicants who have very similar (if not the same) experience as male applicants, a
recruiting team rejecting a woman for a high-profile position or project because they believe
it would be too demanding after delivering a baby lately, a person from another department
believes a man on their team to be the business unit's leader because of his purportedly
strong, decisive manner, a lady of colour is rejected by your recruiting committee because she
doesn't fit in with the group's culture.

Public Relations
Women experience negative outcomes because of their gender everywhere around the
world. Due to the stereotypes claiming that girls and women are generally expected to dress
in
typically feminine ways and be polite, accommodating, and nurturing.

● Globally, 26 per cent of ever-partnered women aged 15 and older (641 million) have
been subjected to physical and/or sexual violence by a husband or intimate partner at
least once in their lifetime.
● In a 2021 survey in 13 countries, 45 per cent of women reported that they or a woman
they know has experienced some form of violence since COVID-19.
● In 2021, nearly one in five young women were married before the age of 18.
● 35 per cent and 28 per cent of young women were married in childhood, respectively
in sub-Saharan Africa and Southern Asia,
● The global prevalence of child marriage has declined by about 10 per cent in the past
five years.
● Up to 10 million more girls are likely to become child brides by 2030 due to the effects
of the COVID-19 pandemic, in addition to the 100 million girls projected to be at risk
before the pandemic.
● At least 200 million girls and women today have been subjected to female genital
mutilation, mainly in 31 countries.
● As of 1 January 2022, the global share of women in lower and single houses of
national parliaments reached 26.2 per cent, up from 22.4 per cent in 2015.

● At this pace, it would take another 40 years for women and men to be represented
equally in national parliaments.
● Women’s share is slightly over one third in local governments.
● In 2019, before the pandemic, women accounted for 39.4 per cent of total
employment. In 2020, women represented nearly 45 per cent of global employment
losses.

● The share of women in managerial positions worldwide increased from 27.2 to 28.3
percent from 2015 to 2019, but remained unchanged from 2019 to 2020, the first year
without an increase since 2013.

● Between 2007 and 2021, 57 per cent of women aged 15 to 49 who are married or in a
union made their own informed decisions regarding sexual relations, contraceptive
use and reproductive health care.
● In the first year of the pandemic, an estimated 1.4 million additional unintended
pregnancies occurred in lower- and middle-income countries.
● Only 15 out of 52 reporting countries included sufficient provisions in their legal
frameworks to protect women’s rights to land.
● Between 2018 and 2021, only 26 percent of countries have comprehensive systems in
place to track public allocations for gender equality, 59 per cent have some features of
such a system, and 15 per cent do not have the minimum elements of such a system.
Education
Serious inequalities in society are both a cause and an effect of gender-based discrimination
in education. People's ability to discover their rights is hampered by poverty, geographic
isolation, ethnic background, disabilities, and conventional ideas about their status and
function. For instance, comments that women are not as skilled at maths as men. being
referred to with slurs because of their sexual orientation. being misgendered by peers or
professors. being informed by a teacher that they have higher (or lower) expectations of you
as a guy, girl, or a nonbinary person.

Parental Expectations
Parental gender expectations act as a model for children's gender role attitudes and may
have long-term consequences on reproductive health, including women's contraception
choices. Parents, in particular, openly express their gender expectations to their children
through offering teaching, advice, and training. They also encourage gendered habits by
encouraging their children to participate in gendered activities. Gender socialisation
messages are transferred indirectly through parental modelling of gender-specific
behaviours. Children, for example, learn that men and women behave differently when they
watch mothers spending more time on caregiving and fathers spending more time on leisure
activities with their children. Men who embrace unequal gender standards may feel
compelled to demonstrate stereotyped masculine sexual ideals, whereas women may defer
critical sexual decisions to their partners. Parents choose films, books and commercial
products differently for boys and girls, even if these parents do not endorse gendered
messages explicitly. When parents consistently buy female-stereotyped toys such as dolls
and tea sets for their daughters, or male-stereotyped toys such as trains and dinosaurs for
their sons, they implicitly link their children’s sex to gender roles. These roles are
encouraged as the children play with the toys in different ways.

7) Solutions that the United Nations

Has Been Practising
The United Nations General Assembly signed the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of
Discrimination Against Women on December 18, 1979. It became an international convention
on September 3, 1981, after the twentieth country approved it. By the Convention's tenth
anniversary in 1989, about one hundred nations had accepted to be bound by its terms. The
Convention was the result of more than thirty years of work by the United
Nations Commission on the Status of Women, a body founded in 1946 to monitor and promote
women's rights. The work of the Commission has been critical in bringing to light all of the
ways in which women are denied equality with men. These efforts for women's advancement
have culminated in various declarations and treaties, the most important and comprehensive
of which is the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women.
The spirit of the Convention has its basis in the United Nations' goals: to reaffirm faith in
fundamental human rights, the dignity and worth of the human person, and the equality of
men and women. The current text defines equality and explains how to attain it. In doing so,
the Convention sets not only a worldwide bill of rights for women, but also a roadmap for
countries to follow in order to ensure the implementation of those rights.

Sustainable Development Goal Five: Achieving Gender Equality and Empowering All
Women and Girls

The Sustainable Development Agenda, accepted by UN Member States in 2015, designated

2030 as the target date for achieving gender equality and empowering all women and girls.
Ten additional goals include gender-specific benchmarks, acknowledging the interconnection
between women’s empowerment and a better future for all.

Commission on the Status of Women

The Commission on the Status of Women (CSW) is the primary global intergovernmental
body that is devoted to promoting gender equality and women's empowerment. A functional
commission of the Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC), it was established by ECOSOC
resolution 11 of 21 June 1946.
The CSW plays an important role in promoting women's rights, recording the realities of
women's lives around the world, and defining worldwide standards on gender equality and
women's empowerment.

Gender Balance Strategy by the International Labour Organization

A gender balance strategy is a plan for improving gender balance and women's position
through focused organisational initiatives. These could include initiatives to raise gender
awareness, improve monitoring and accountability, and improve the working environment
through suitable human resource policy.

8) Questions to Be Addressed
1. How can the social structure change in order to embrace all gender norms equally?
 2. How can a social structural change be triggered without the effects of major and
harmful events?

3. What can be done in order to protect women due to the current problems they have
been facing?

4. Looking at the past actions of The UN, is there an efficient way to empower women
globally?

5. What can be done to raise the world's new generation unaware of gender
discrimination?

6. How can the current discrimination to women in their workplace be minimised and
enhance their practice in the workfield?

7. How can we minimise the negative norms about gender created by culture and gender
based discrimination through parental expectations?

9) Bibliography

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https://www.britannica.com/topic/baby-boomers

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generati on/

https://erc.europa.eu/projects-figures/stories/what-role-women-post-war-times

https://americanhistory.si.edu/collections/object-groups/women-in-wwi

https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/nov/11/women-first-world-war-taste-of-freedom

https://digitalcommons.mtu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1024&context=ww1cc-symposi
um

https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/mar/08/wednesday-briefing-first-edition-internatio
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https://www.peacecorps.gov/educators/resources/global-issues-gender-equality-and-womens
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https://www.palatinate.org.uk/the-relationship-between-fashion-and-feminism/

https://www.ohchr.org/en/instruments-mechanisms/instruments/convention-elimination-all-fo
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https://gap.hks.harvard.edu/gender-differences-competition-evidence-matrilineal-and-patriarc
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https://genderpolicyreport.umn.edu/women-and-war-using-gender-to-predict-conflicts/