VIDEO EDITING WITH ADOBE PREMIERE

What Is Video ?
Video is an electronic medium for the recording, copying, playback, broadcasting and display
of moving visual media. Or The collection of several sequential images.

Video Editing
Video editing is the manipulation and arrangement of video shots.
Video editing is the process of editing segments of motion video production footage,
special effects and sound recordings in the post-production process.

Types Of Video Editing

1. Linear Video Editing : uses video tape and is edited in a very linear way. Several video clips from
different tapes are recorded to one single tape in the order that they will appear.

Linear Video Editing Process : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lB933a1CF1Y

2. Non-Linear Video Editing (NLE) allow video(s) to be edited on computers with specialized
software. This process is not destructive to the raw video footage and is done by using programs
such as DaVinci Resolve, Avid Media Composer, Adobe Premiere Pro and Final Cut Pro..
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0tcUhq-duk8
Types Of Video Editing
Non-Linear Video Editing (NLE) is of 4 Types.

1. Offline Editing ( Movie, Series, Serials Etc.

2. Online Editing ( Reality Shows )
3. Real-time Editing (Live Shows)
4. Cloud based video editing.

Supported Video File Formats Supported Audio File Formats

1. AVI –Audio Video Interleave 1. WMA – Windows Media Audio
2. MPEG – Motion Picture Expert’s Group 2. MP3 – MPEG Audio Layer 3
3. MP4 – MPEG 4 3. Wave
4. MOV – Quicktime Movie 4. AMR – Adaptive Multi-Rate
5. WMV – Windows Media Video
6. MXF – Material Exchange Format
 Offline Video Editing
It is the process by which raw footage is copied from an original source, without affecting the original film stock or video tape. Once the editing is complete,
the original media is then re-assembled in the online editing stage.

Online Video Editing

It is the process of reassembling the edit to a full resolution video after an offline edit has been performed. It is done in the final stage of a video production.

Realtime Video Editing

1. Cloud-based editing 2. Vision mixing Editing

Cloud-based editing is the process of utilising the internet to work with content remotely, collaboratively or of a time-critical nature such as
editing of live sports events in real-time using video proxies (lower resolution copies) of original material.

Vision mixing editing is used when working within live television and video production environments. A vision mixer is used to cut live feed coming from several
cameras in real time.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fasXXkRE81c
Digital Editing Firsts: Fun Facts
Let’s take a look at some interesting facts and dates about the beginning of the world of digital editing:
The first non-linear video editing system was introduced in 1971 – CMX 600

1985: Quantel released The “Harry.” The Harry was the first all-digital video editing and effects compositing system. Due to technical limitations,
it could record and apply effects to a maximum of 80 seconds of 8-bit uncompressed digital video.
1987: Avid Technology created the Avid/1 Media Composer. It was designed using the Apple Macintosh II computer platform, as well as proprietary
Avid hardware and software. (Clarification from Avid pioneer, Michael Phillips, in the Comments section of this post: The Avid/1 Media Composer was actually
developed on the Apollo computer, which is where Avid’s founders worked before forming Avid as a company. It was then built on the Macintosh II, which is
what it shipped with in the company’s first official release in December 1989.) The Avid/1 Media Composer was a revolutionary design, but it was not the
first NLE that used modern concepts like clip bins and Timeline editing (these were introduced with Lucasfilm’s EditDroid, a computerized analog NLE from the
early 1980s).

1989: Avid Technology publicly introduced the Avid/1 Media Composer at NAB to great fanfare. The codec used for editing on Avid was the Motion JPEG
(M-JPEG) codec, which became the primary video editing codec of the early 90’s. It was not very high quality, but it worked fine for offline editing.
1991: Adobe released Premiere 1.0 for the Mac.
1992: First feature film, Let’s Kill All the Lawyers, was digitally edited using the Avid. Up until this point, only short-form videos and commercials could be
edited because of hard drive capacity limitations.
1993: Media 100 entered the market as a low-cost digital video editing solution. Media 100 offered steady advancements in compression technology,
and continued to develop higher video resolutions focusing primarily via software innovation, rather than hardware.
Digital Editing Firsts: Fun Facts
1994-95: By 1994, only three feature films had been edited digitally, but by 1995, the number had grown to hundreds.
This time has become known as the distinct shift in the digital editing revolution.

1995: The DV codec and IEEE-1394 (FireWire 400) brought huge advancements to digital video recording, capturing and editing.

1996: The English Patient was the first digitally edited film to win an Oscar for Best Editing (edited by Walter Murch on the Avid).

1999: Apple released Final Cut Pro, which soon became a chief competitor to Avid. (Final Cut Pro was developed after Apple bought Keygrip,
which had been a product designed for Macromedia by several ex-Adobe employees.)

2001: The Rules of Attraction, was the first feature film edited using Final Cut Pro.

2007: No Country for Old Men was the first Oscar-winning film edited using Final Cut Pro.
(Roderick Jaynes was also nominated for an Oscar in best editing.)
Broadcast TV Standards
NTSC, PAL, SECAM and HDTV are common broadcast and video standards. Each system is based on a different standard that defines the way information is
encoded to produce the electronic signal that ultimately creates a television picture.
Broadcast Formats
NTSC: NATIONAL TELEVISION STANDARDS COMMITTEE
The first American standard for analog television broadcast was developed by the National Television Standards Committee (NTSC) in 1941.
The NTSC standard was used in most of the Americas (except Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, and Uruguay), Myanmar, South Korea, Taiwan, Philippines,
Japan, and some Pacific Islands nations and territories.

The so-called NTSC-Film standard has a digital standard resolution of 720 × 480 pixel for DVD-Videos, 480 × 480 pixel for Super Video CDs
(SVCD, Aspect Ratio: 4:3) and 352 × 240 pixel for Video CDs (VCD). The digital video (DV) camcorder format that is equivalent to NTSC is 720 × 480 pixels.
The digital television (DTV) equivalent is 704 × 480 pixels.

Frame rate : An NTSC picture is made up of 525 interlaced lines and is displayed at a rate of 29.97 frames per second.

PAL: PHASE ALTERNATE LINE/SECAM

The so-called PAL-Film standard has a digital standard resolution of 720 × 576 pixel for DVD-Videos, 480 × 480 pixel for Super Video CDs
(SVCD, Aspect Ratio: 4:3) and 352 × 288 pixel for Video CDs (VCD). The digital video (DV) camcorder format that is equivalent to PAL is 720 × 576 pixels.
The digital television (DTV) equivalent is 720 × 576 pixels.

Frame rate : Like PAL, a SECAM picture is also made up of 625 interlaced lines and is displayed at a rate of 25 frames per second.
Broadcast Formats
PAL/SECAM, NTSC Geographical Area
Broadcast Formats
HDTV Format

HDTV provides a higher-quality display with a vertical resolution display from 720p to 1080i. The p stands for progressive scanning, which means that each
scan includes every line for a complete picture, and the i stands for interlaced scanning, which means that each scan includes alternate lines for half a
picture.

Difference Between Interlaced and Progressive Scan:Progressive-scan displays all lines at once. Interlaced-scan displays half of the lines at a time.
Broadcast Formats
HDTV Video Dimesion
Frame Rates
Frame rate is the measurement of how quickly a number of frames appears within a second, which is why it's also called FPS (frames per second).

Universally, 24fps is accepted as the norm for a “cinematic” frame rate. 30fps is accepted for broadcast in North America, and
25fps is the broadcast standard in Europe & Asia – Pacific countries.

First Movies
1. Raja Harishchandra ( transl. King Harishchandra) is a 1913 Indian silent film directed and produced by Dadasaheb Phalke.
It is often considered the first full-length Indian feature film.

2. The first motion picture film is believed to be Louis Le Prince's Roundhay Garden Scene. This film was recorded in Leeds in England in 1888.
It is approximately 2 seconds long and shows some of Louis Le Prince's family members walking around a garden.

3. On Boxing Day 1906 The Story of the Kelly Gang opened at the Athenaeum Theatre in Melbourne. It was the first multi-reel, feature-length
film ever produced in the world.

4. On October 6, 1927, Warner Bros. released The Jazz Singer, the first feature-length film to incorporate synchronized sound for sequences of dialogue.

5. The correct answer is Alam Ara. Alam Ara is the first talkie movie(sound film) made in India. It was directed by Ardeshir Irani.
Alam Ara was released on 14 March 1931.
First Movies
6. The first Odia film is Sita Bibaha, made by Mohan Sundar Deb Goswami in 1936.

7. Kisan Kanya was a 1937 Hindi Cinecolor feature film which was directed by Moti Gidwani and produced by Ardeshir Irani of Imperial Pictures.

8. The first full-length feature film in color is The World, The Flesh and the Devil.

9. The name of the first Oriya color movie is Gapa Hele Bi Sata. It is directed by Nageen Roy.