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    W.W.1 remade

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    khososhahb110
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    W.W.1 remade

    Uploaded by

    khososhahb110
    0 views2 pages
    These all are good to read it

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    © © All Rights Reserved

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    Copyright:

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    0 views2 pages

    W.W.1 remade

    Uploaded by

    khososhahb110
    These all are good to read it

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 2

    DEFINITION

    World War I, also known as the "Great War" or the "War to End All Wars," was a global
    conflict that lasted from 1914 to 1918. It primarily involved two major alliances:

    The Allied Powers: Including countries like Great Britain, France, Russia, Italy, Japan,
    and later the United States.

    The Central Powers: Comprised of Germany, Austria-Hungary, the Ottoman Empire,


    and Bulgaria.

    The war was characterized to massive loss of life (over 9 million soldiers killed), and
    the introduction of modern warfare technologies such as machine guns, tanks, and
    airplanes.

    Causes of WW1

    1. Militarism:

    The arms race intensified among European powers. For instance, Germany
    increased its defense expenditures by 73% between 1910-1914. This glorification of
    war and advanced weaponry created a climate ripe for conflict.

    2. Alliances:

    Europe was divided into two main camps: the Triple Alliance (Germany, Austria-
    Hungary, Italy) and the Triple Entente (France, Russia, Great Britain). These alliances
    ensured that any conflict could escalate into a larger war.

    3. Nationalism:

    National pride and ambitions led to heightened tensions, particularly in regions like
    the Balkans, where ethnic groups sought independence.

    4. Imperialism:

    Competition for colonies, especially in Africa and Asia, created rivalries and hostility
    among major powers.

    5. Assassination:

    The assassination of Austrian Archduke Franz Ferdinand by a Serbian nationalist


    triggered the war. This event led to a chain reaction of alliances being invoked,
    escalating the conflict.
    CONSEQUENCES OF WW1

    1. Massive Losses:

    Nearly 8 million soldiers were killed.

    Millions wounded or permanently disabled by gas or shells.Many suffered post-war


    trauma.
    Displacement and poor living conditions led to disease and additional deaths.

    2. Political Changes:

    Four empires (Germany, Austro-Hungarian, Ottoman, and Russian) collapsed.

    Ethnic groups formed new nations.

    Former German and Ottoman colonies were governed by Allied powers until self-
    rule.

    3. Self-Determination and New Nation-States:

    Self-determination emerged as a peace principle.new countries like Yugoslavia,


    Poland, Latvia, and Estonia were formed.new borders often ignored ethnic unity,
    creating tensions.

    4. Social Changes:

    Women took on greater roles during the war, leading to demands for equal rights
    and opportunities.divisions between pacifists and militarists deepened.

    Growing dis illusionment with governments led to interest in alternative ideologies


    like communism.workers gained rights, including voting and increased access to
    welfare programs.

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