KENDRIYA VIDYALAYA SANGATHAN:: HYDERABAD REGION

MODEL QUESTION PAPER-1: 2024-25

SUBJECT: PHYSICS
CLASS: XII
TIME:3Hrs MAX MARKS:70
General Instructions
(1) There are 33 questions in all. All questions are compulsory.
(2) This question paper has five sections: Section A, Section B, Section C, Section D and Section E.
(3) All the sections are compulsory.
(4) Section A contains sixteen questions, twelve MCQ and four Assertion Reasoning based of 1 mark
each, Section B contains five questions of two marks each, Section C contains seven questions of three
marks each, Section D contains two case study-based questions of four marks each and Section E
contains three long answer questions of five marks each.
(5) There is no overall choice. However, an internal choice has been provided in one question in Section
B, one question in Section C, all three questions in Section D and one question in each CBQ in Section E.
You have to attempt only one of the choices in such questions.
(6) Use of calculators is not allowed.
SECTION – A : Each question carries 1M
1 Electromagnetic waves are produced by
a)constant electric field b)constant magnetic field
c)changing electric and magnetic field d)constant electric and magnetic field
2 In the wave picture of light, the intensity I of light is related to the amplitude A of the wave as :
a) I α √𝐴 b) I α A
2 1
c) I α A d) I α 𝐴2
3 The unit of magnetic induction (magnetic flux density) is:
a) Weber b) Tesla
c) Henry d) Coulomb
4 The emf and internal resistance of a cell are E and r respectively. It is connected across an
external resistance R = 2r. The potential drop across the terminals of the cell will be :
a) E/4 b) E/2 c) (2/3)E d) E/3
5 A capacitor of 10 µF is charged by a 100 V battery. What is the energy stored in the capacitor?
a) 0.05 J b) 0.1 J c) 1 J d) 0.5 J
6 An electron moves perpendicular to a magnetic field of strength 0.02 T with a velocity of 3×106
m/s. The force on the electron is
a) 9.6×10−15N b) 1.6×10−15N
c) 4.8×10−15N d) Zero
7 The minimum distance between an object and its real image formed by a convex lens of focal
length f is :
a) f b) 2f c) 3f d) 4f
8 A ray of light travels from glass (refractive index = 1.5) to air (refractive index = 1). If the critical
angle is 42∘, the angle of deviation for an angle of incidence of 50∘ will be:
a) 60.0∘ b) 22.0∘ c) 45.0∘ d) 80.0∘
9 An ideal transformer has 100 turns on the primary coil and 500 turns on the secondary coil. If
the primary voltage is 240 V, the secondary voltage is:
a) 48 V b) 1200 V c) 600 V d) 960 V
10 A solenoid has 2000 turns and is 2 m long. If the current through the solenoid is 4 A, the
magnetic field inside it is:
a) 5×10−3 T b) 5×10−4 T
c) 4×10−3 T d) 4×10−4T
11 In the energy-band diagram of n-type Si, the gap between the bottom of the conduction band
EC and the donor energy level ED is of the order of :
a) 10 eV b) 1 eV c) 0.1 eV d) 0.01 eV
12 A steady current flows through a metallic wire whose area of cross-section (A) increases
continuously from one end of the wire to the other. The magnitude of drift velocity (v d ) of the
free electrons as a function of ‘A’ can be shown by

Assertion and Reasoning (1 Mark Each)

For questions 13–16, choose the correct option:
a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c) A is true, but R is false.
d) A is false, but R is true.
13 Assertion (A): The electric field is zero inside a charged conductor in electrostatic equilibrium.
Reason (R): All the charges in a conductor move to the surface to maintain equilibrium.
14 Assertion (A): The focal length of a concave mirror increases with an increase in the wavelength
of light used.
Reason (R): The refractive index of the material of the mirror decreases with the increase in
wavelength of light.
15 Assertion (A): In a series LCR circuit, resonance occurs when the inductive reactance equals the
capacitive reactance.
Reason (R): At resonance, the impedance of the circuit is purely resistive, and the current is
maximum.
16 Assertion (A): The phase difference between any two points on a wave front is zero.
Reason (R): All points on a wave front are at the same distance from the source and thus
oscillate in the same phase.
Section B: Each question carries 2M
17 (a)Draw a graph showing the variation of binding energy per nucleon as a function of mass
number A. The binding energy per nucleon for heavy nuclei (A 170) decreases with the increase
in mass number. Explain.
(OR)
(b) Using Bohr’s postulates, obtain the expression for radius of nth stable orbit in a hydrogen
atom.
18 Draw energy band diagram for an n-type and p-type semiconductor at T > 0 K.
19 The power of a thin lens is +5D. When it is immersed in a liquid, it behaves like a concave lens of
focal length 100 cm. Calculate the refractive index of the liquid. Given refractive index of glass =
1.5.
20 Depict the orientation of an electric dipole in (a) stable and (b) unstable equilibrium in an
external uniform electric field.
Write the potential energy of the dipole in each case.
21 A charge q is placed at the centre of the line joining two equal charges Q. If the system of these
charges will be in equilibrium, then find the value of q in terms of Q.
SECTION C: Each question carries 3M
22 Two circular loops A and B, each of radius 3 m, are placed coaxially at a distance of 4 m. They
carry currents of 3 A and 2 A in opposite directions respectively. Find the net magnetic field at
the centre of loop A.
23 (a) A resistor of 30 and a capacitor of 250/π µF are connected in series to a 200 V, 50 Hz ac
source. Calculate (i) the current in the circuit, and (ii) voltage drops across the resistor
and the capacitor. (iii) Is the algebraic sum of these voltages more than the source
voltage ? If yes, solve the paradox.
(OR)
(b) A series LCR circuit with R = 20 , L = 2 H and C = 50 F is connected to a 200 volts ac source
of variable frequency. What is (i) the amplitude of the current, and (ii) the average power
transferred to the circuit in one complete cycle, at resonance ? (iii) Calculate the
potential drop across the capacitor.
24 (i) How is the size of nucleus found experimentally? Write the relation between the radius and
mass number of nucleus.
(ii) Prove that the density of a nucleus is independent of its mass number.
25 A potential difference ‘V’ is applied across a load resistor of resistance R. V and R can be varied.
If the current that flows in the circuit is I, draw a plot showing the variation of power consumed
by the resistor as a function of :
(a) R, keeping V constant
(b) I, keeping R constant
(c) V, keeping R constant
26 (a)Arrange the following electromagnetic waves in the descending order of their wavelengths :
Microwaves, Infra-red rays, Ultra-violet radiation, Gamma rays

(b) Write one use each of any two of them

27 A ray of light is refracted by a glass prism. Obtain an expression for the refractive index of the
glass in terms of the angle of the prism A and the angle of minimum deviation δm.

28 How does Einstein’s photoelectric equation explain the emission of electrons from a metal
surface ? Explain briefly.
Plot the variation of photocurrent with :
(a) collector plate potential for different intensity of incident radiation, and
(b) intensity of incident radiation.

SECTION D : Each question carries 4M

29 Figure shows the variation of photoelectric current measured in a photo cell circuit as a function
of the potential difference between the plates of the photo cell when light beams A, B, C and D
of different wavelengths are incident on the photo cell. Examine the given figure and answer the
following questions :
 (i) Which light beam has the highest frequency ?

(a)Curve A (b)Curve B (c)Curve C (d)Curve D

(ii) Which light beam has the longest wavelength?

(a)Curve A (b)Curve B (c)Curve C (d)Curve D

(iii) Which light beam ejects photoelectrons with maximum momentum?

(a)Curve A (b)Curve B (c)Curve C (d)Curve D
(iv) Photo current increases with increase in
(a)Intensity (b)Frequency (c) Potential (d)Wavelength
(OR)
(v) Stopping Potential increases with increase in
(a)Intensity (b)Frequency (c) wavelength (d) Photo current
30 A semiconductor diode is basically a pn junction with metallic contacts provided at the ends for
the application of an external voltage. It is a two terminal device. When an external voltage is
applied across a semiconductor diode such that the p-side is connected to the positive terminal
of the battery and the n-side to the negative terminal, it is said that to be forward – biased.
When an external voltage is applied across the diode such that the n-side is positive and the p-
side is negative, it is said to be reverse – biased. An ideal diode is one whose resistance in
forward biasing is zero and the resistance is infinite in reverse biasing. When the diode is
forward biased, it is found that beyond forward voltage called knee voltage, the conductivity is
very high. When the biasing voltage is more than the knee voltage the potential barrier is
overcome and the current increases rapidly with an increase in forward voltage. When the diode
is reverse biased, the reverse bias voltage produces a very small current of about a few
microamperes which almost remains constant with bias. This small current is a reverse
saturation current.

i.In the given figure, a diode D is connected to an external resistance R = 100 Ω and an emf of 3.5
V. If the barrier potential developed across the diode is 0.5 V, the current in the circuit will be

(a) 40 mA (b) 20 mA (c) 35 mA (d) 30 mA

ii. In which of the following figures, the pn diode is reverse biased?

 iii. Based on the V-I characteristics of the diode, we can classify diode as

(a)bilateral device (b) ohmic device

(c) non-ohmic device (d) passive element

(OR)

Two identical PN junctions can be connected in series by three different methods as shown in
the figure. If the potential difference in the junctions is the same, then the correct connections
will be

(a) in the circuits (1) and (2) (b) in the circuits (2) and (3)

(c) in the circuits (1) and (3) (d) only in the circuit (1)

iv)The V-I characteristic of a diode is shown in the figure. The ratio of the resistance of the diode
at I = 15 mA to the resistance at V = -10 V is

(a) 100 (b) 106 (c) 10 (d) 10-6

SECTION E : Each question carries 5M

31 (a) (i) Write the principle and explain the working of a moving coil galvanometer. A
galvanometer as such cannot be used to measure the current in a circuit. Why ?
(ii) Why is the magnetic field made radial in a moving coil
 galvanometer ? How is it achieved ?
(OR)
(b) (i) Derive an expression for magnetic field on the axis of a current carrying circular loop.
(ii) Write any two points of difference between a diamagnetic and a paramagnetic substance.
32 The following figure shows a circuit diagram. We can find the currents through and potential
differences across different resistors using Kirchhoff’s rules.

(a) Which points are at the same potential in the circuit ?

(b) What is the current through arm bg ?
(c) Find the potential difference across resistance R3.
(d) What is the power dissipated in resistance R2 ?
(OR)
(i) Define electric potential at a point and write its SI unit.
(ii) Two capacitors are connected in series. Derive an expression of the equivalent capacitance of
the combination.
(iii) Two point charges + q and q are located at points (3a, 0) and (0, 4a) respectively in x-y
plane. A third charge Q is kept at the origin. Find the value of Q, in terms of q and a, so that the
electrostatic potential energy of the system is zero.
33 (a) (i) Draw a ray diagram to show how the final image is formed at infinity in an astronomical
refracting telescope. Obtain an expression for its magnifying power.
(ii) The magnifying power of an astronomical telescope is 8 and the distance between the two lenses
is 54cm. Find the focal length of eye lens and objective lens.
(OR)
(b)(i)State Huygens principle. With the help of a diagram, show how a plane wave is refracted
from a surface. Hence verify the law of refraction.
(ii) Two coherent monochromatic light beams of intensities I and 4 I superpose each other. Find
the ratio of maximum and minimum intensities in the resulting beam.