[4.1 Newton's Law Calculation WS

Science 8
Ms.Song
Name:______________________________________ Date:____________________________
4.1 Newton’s Laws of Motion
1. Fill in the blanks:

1. First Law: Law of __________
a. Every body remains in a state of _____________ or uniform motion unless it is acted
on by an _____________ ________________ force.
b. An object at rest will remain at ____________.
c. An object in motion will remain in ____________.
2. Second Law
a. The ____________________ of an object is directly proportional to the
_______________ acting on it and inversely proportional to its ___________.
b. Equation:
c. Bigger mass with the same force gives a _______________ acceleration.
d. Bigger force with the same mass gives a ________________ acceleration.
3. Third Law
a. For every ______________ there is an __________ and _____________ reaction.
b. Action: Me pushing on a wall. Reaction: ___________ pushing on _____.
4.1 Defining Force & Newton’s First Law

Examine the forces acting on the freezer in the diagram and answer questions 1 – 3.
1. Are there any balanced forces acting on the freezer?
If so, what are they? Fpush
W
2. Is there a net force acting on the freezer? If so, label it
on the diagram. Then, describe which forces interact
and how they interact to produce the net force. (Assume Ffriction
Fpush is larger than Ffriction) N
3. Describe the motion of the freezer. Will its velocity change? If yes, how?
1
Science 8
Ms.Song
Name:______________________________________ Date:____________________________
4. Which object has more inertia – a bowling ball or a tennis ball? Explain.
5. How does inertia influence your ability to roll a bowling ball versus a tennis ball? Explain.
6. Write Newton’s First Law of Motion in your own words. You MAY NOT use the following words: at
rest, motion, constant velocity, net force.
7. Use Newton’s First Law of Motion and the concept of inertia to explain what happens to a person in
a head-on car accident who is not wearing a seat belt. How does wearing a seat belt help?
4.1 Newton’s Second Law: Force Problems

1. What is the equation and the triangle that represents Newton’s second law?
2. From the equation in #1, write the equation to determine acceleration and show all units.
3. From the equation in #1, write the equation to determine mass and show all units.
4. Your dog, who is 25 kg, is riding a skateboard that is 5kg. The skateboard is accelerating at 5m/s 2. How
much force is needed to accelerate both the skateboard and your dog?
2
Science 8
Ms.Song
Name:______________________________________ Date:____________________________
5. A force of 500N is needed to accelerate an empty truck to 10m/s2. What is the mass of the truck?
6. A Central High School student weighs 75 kg. She is at a swim meet against Austin-East and pushes off the
pool wall with a force of 200N. What is her acceleration?
7. A 3kg bowling ball is rolling down the alley at 3m/s2. How much force is needed to accelerate the ball?
8. You forget to let go of the ball in question 7. Both you, at 55 kg, and the ball are flying down the alley at
5m/s2. How much force is needed to accelerate both you and the ball?
9. You are playing tennis with a friend who weighs 80kg. You hit the tennis ball that weighs 0.5 kg with a force
of 300N. What is the acceleration of the ball as it hurtles toward your friend?
10. What is the force exerted on a 2500 kg school bus accelerating at 15 m/s2?
11. The Central High School quarterback throws the football, which weighs 0.7kg, with a force of 175 N. What
is the acceleration of the ball?
12. You exert a 2N force on a ping-pong ball. The force causes the ball to accelerate at a rate of 4 m/s 2. What
is the mass of the ball?
13. What is the force exerted on a car weighing 3500kg carrying 2 passengers each weighing 38kg, and
accelerating at a rate of 19 m/s?
3
Science 8
Ms.Song
Name:______________________________________ Date:____________________________
14. A 10,000 kg iceberg accelerating at 0.2 m/s2 exerts how much force on a ship passing too closely?
15. Your cat weighs 4 kg and is sitting on a branch that weighs 8kg. The branch breaks, and both your cat and
the branch are accelerating toward the ground at a rate of 9.8m/s2. With what force will they hit the
ground?
16. A force of 1775 N is exerted on a motorcycle weighing 800kg and its passenger weighing 95 kg. What is
the acceleration?
17. Tarzan is swinging through the jungle accelerating at a rate of 6 m/s2. He is exerting a 450 N force on the
vine. What is Tarzan’s mass?
18. You kick a soccer ball with a force of 624N. It accelerates at a rate of 30 m/s 2. What is the mass of the
soccer ball?
19. You throw your candy wrapper, which weights 0.002g, into the garbage can with a force of 0.1N. What is
the acceleration?
20. Your mom is coming upstairs to see that you cleaned your room. You notice a pizza box on the floor that
weighs 3kg. You kick it under your bed and it accelerates at a rate of 2 m/s2. How much force is needed to
cause the acceleration?

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Science 8

4.1 Newton’s Laws of Motion

1. Fill in the blanks:

4.1 Defining Force & Newton’s First Law

4.1 Newton’s Second Law: Force Problems

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