Basketball Project Full

PHYSICAL EDUCATION PROJECT
TOPIC – BASKETBALL
BY: ATHARVA GOYAL

CLASS: XII B
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I would like to express my sincere gratitude to our Physical Education
teacher, Shubhangi Madam, for her invaluable support and guidance
throughout this project. Her motivation and advice played a key role in
completing this project successfully.
INTRODUCTION
Basketball is one of the most popular and widely played sports in the
world. It is a fast-paced, high-energy team sport that requires physical
endurance, strategic thinking, and teamwork. The game involves two
teams of five players each, with the objective of scoring points by
shooting the ball into the opponent’s hoop while preventing the other
team from scoring in theirs.
Basketball has not only become a staple in schools and colleges but has
also garnered a massive fanbase through professional leagues such as
the NBA (National Basketball Association) and international
tournaments like the FIBA Basketball World Cup and the Olympics. It is
a sport that combines athleticism, precision, and creativity.
Over the years, basketball has transcended beyond just a sport. It has
influenced culture, fashion, and entertainment, especially through
basketball icons like Michael Jordan and Kobe Bryant. Today, basketball
remains a global phenomenon played in parks, schools, and professional
arenas.
HISTORY
Basketball was invented by Dr. James Naismith in December 1891.
While working as a physical education instructor at the International
YMCA Training School in Springfield, Massachusetts, Naismith was
tasked with creating a new indoor game to keep students physically
active during the winter. His idea was simple yet innovative: a game
involving a ball and two peach baskets as goals.
The first game of basketball was played with nine players on each team
and a soccer ball. The basic rules were to throw the ball into the
opposing team’s basket to score points, and players were not allowed to
run with the ball. Over time, the game evolved, and peach baskets were
replaced with metal hoops and nets.
By the early 20th century, basketball spread to schools, colleges, and

international platforms. The NBA was established in 1946, marking the
beginning of professional basketball. Basketball was officially included
in the Olympic Games in 1936, which further popularized the sport.
Today, basketball is played in over 200 countries, with global

tournaments such as the NBA Finals, NCAA March Madness, and FIBA
Basketball World Cup attracting millions of viewers worldwide.
BASKETBALL COURT AND RING DIMENSIONS
The basketball court and hoop (ring) have standardized dimensions
regulated internationally:
• Court Length: 28 meters (94 feet)

• Court Width: 15 meters (50 feet)
• Free-Throw Line: 4.6 meters (15 feet) from the backboard.
• Three-Point Line: 6.75 meters (FIBA) and 7.24 meters (NBA) from the
basket.
• Ring Height: The hoop is placed at 10 feet (3.05 meters) above the
ground.
• Ring Diameter: The diameter of the hoop is 18 inches (45.72 cm).
SPECIFIC TERMINOLOGIES
Some commonly used basketball terminologies include:
• Dunk: A forceful shot where the player slams the ball into the hoop.
• Alley-Oop: A pass where one player throws the ball near the basket for
a teammate to score mid-air.
• Block: Preventing a shot by swatting the ball away.
• Assist: A pass that leads directly to a score.
• Fast Break: A quick offensive play after gaining possession.
• Rebound: Collecting the ball after a missed shot.
• Turnover: Losing possession of the ball to the opposing team.
• Foul: Illegal physical contact between players.
• Travel: Moving without dribbling the ball.
FUNDAMENTAL SKILLS
Basketball involves a variety of essential skills for gameplay:
1. Dribbling: Bouncing the ball while advancing. Good dribbling allows

players to move past defenders.
2. Passing: Effective passing techniques include chest passes, bounce
passes, and lob passes.
3. Shooting: Techniques like jump shots, layups, and hook shots are
essential for scoring points.
4. Rebounding: Gaining possession after missed shots, either offensively
or defensively.
5. Defense: Includes blocking shots, stealing the ball, and preventing
scoring opportunities.
6. Screening: A legal move to block a defender and create open shots for
teammates.
7. Layup: A close-range shot performed with a driving motion towards
the basket.
8. Pivoting: Allows players to rotate while keeping one foot grounded.
9. Jump Shot: A shot taken in mid-air for better elevation and accuracy.
10. Crossover Dribble: Switching dribbling hands to avoid defenders.
RULES AND REGULATIONS
Basketball has several rules that regulate gameplay and ensure fairness:
• Team Composition: Each team has 5 players on the court.

• Game Duration: 4 quarters of 10 minutes each (FIBA) or 12 minutes
(NBA).
• Dribbling Rule: Players must dribble while moving; traveling is not
allowed.
• Scoring: A basket inside the three-point line scores 2 points; beyond
the arc scores 3 points.
• Free Throws: Worth 1 point, awarded after fouls.
• Shot Clock: Teams have 24 seconds to attempt a shot.
• Possession: The ball is awarded to the opponent after a basket.
• Fouls: Personal fouls lead to free throws or possession.
• Timeouts: Teams can call timeouts for strategy discussion.
• Violations: Include traveling, double dribble, and goal tending.
VIOLATIONS
Violations occur when players break the rules of the game. Common
violations include:
• Traveling: Moving with the ball without dribbling.

• Double Dribble: Restarting the dribble after stopping.
• Shot Clock Violation: Failing to attempt a shot within 24 seconds.
• Backcourt Violation: Returning the ball to the defensive half.
• Goal Tending: Blocking a shot on its downward path.
• Three-Second Violation: Staying in the key for more than 3 seconds
without moving.
• Five-Second Violation: Holding the ball without action for over 5
seconds.
FAMOUS AWARDS
Some significant basketball awards include:
• NBA Most Valuable Player (MVP) Award

• FIBA World Cup MVP
• Olympic Gold Medal
• NCAA Final Four MVP
• Defensive Player of the Year Award
• Sixth Man of the Year Award
FAMOUS PLAYERS
Some of the most legendary basketball players include:
• Michael Jordan: Known as the greatest player of all time.

• Kobe Bryant: Legendary shooting guard and five-time NBA champion.
• LeBron James: Dominant forward with multiple NBA championships.
• Shaquille O’Neal: Known for his power and dominance in the paint.
• Stephen Curry: Revolutionized the game with his three-point shooting.
• Magic Johnson: A versatile and creative playmaker.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. Wikipedia - Basketball: Rules, History, and Players
2. NBA Official Website - International Rules and Championships
3. Britannica - Basketball: Overview and Legends
4. Google Articles - Evolution and Skills of Basketball
5. FIBA Official Website - Dimensions and International Rules

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PHYSICAL EDUCATION PROJECT

BY: ATHARVA GOYAL

By the early 20th century, basketball spread to schools, colleges, and

Today, basketball is played in over 200 countries, with global

• Court Length: 28 meters (94 feet)

1. Dribbling: Bouncing the ball while advancing. Good dribbling allows

• Team Composition: Each team has 5 players on the court.

• Traveling: Moving with the ball without dribbling.

• NBA Most Valuable Player (MVP) Award

• Michael Jordan: Known as the greatest player of all time.

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