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    10_science_imp_ch4_5

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    10_science_imp_ch4_5

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    Naveen Vijai AYIS 6-B
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    of 6

    CBSE Class 10 Science

    Important Questions
    Chapter 4
    Carbon and its Compounds

    5 Marks Questions

    1. Define fermentation. Name the enzyme which converts

    (a) milk into curd (yogurt)


    (b) Cane sugar into glucose and fructose
    (c) glucose into ethanol

    Ans. The preparation of ethyl alcohol from sugar is known as fermentation.

    (a) Lactase converts milk into curd

    (b) Invertase converts cane sugar into glucose and fructose

    (c) Zymase converts glucose into ethanol.

    2. (a) Name the gas evolved during fermentation process?

    (b) What role is played by yeast in the conversion of cane sugar to ethanol?

    (c) How may the following be obtained from pure ethanol? Express s

    chemical reactions by the chemical equations.

    (i) Sodium ethoxide


    (ii) Ethyl ethanoate
    (iii) Ethanal

    Ans. (a) gas is evolved accompanied by brisk effervescence.

    (b) Yeast is the source of enzymes invertase and zymase needed for fermentation.

    (c) (i)

    Material downloaded from myCBSEguide.com. 1/6


    (ii)

    (Ethyl ethanoate)

    (iii)

    3. An organic compound A is widely used as a preservative in pickles and has a


    molecular formula . This compound reacts with ethanol to form a sweet

    smelling compound B.

    (a) Identify the compound A.


    (b) Write the chemical equation for its reaction with ethanol to form compound B.
    (c) How can we get compound A back from B.
    (d) Name the process and write the corresponding chemical equation.
    (e) Which gas is produced when compound A reacts with washing soda? Write the
    chemical equation?

    Ans. (a) Compound A is ethanoic acid

    (b)

    Ethanoic acid Ethyl Ethanoate (Ester)

    (c)

    Ethanoic acid

    (d) The process is known as ester hydrolysis.

    (e) is produced with effervescence when compound A reacts with washing soda which

    is chemically

    4. (a) Why does carbon form largest number of compounds?

    Material downloaded from myCBSEguide.com. 2/6


    (b) Why are some of these called saturated and other unsaturated compounds?
    (c) Which of these two is more reactive?
    (d) Write the names of the following compounds

    (i)

    (ii)

    Ans. (a) Carbon forms large number of compounds called organic compounds due to the self
    linking property called catenation.

    (b) Compounds which has only C-C (single bond) present are saturated compounds whose as
    those compounds which has C=C (double bond) or C C (triple) bond is present are called
    unsaturated compounds.

    (c) Unsaturated compounds are more reactive than saturated compounds

    (d) (i) Bromoethane

    (ii) Hex-1-yne

    5. Draw the structure for the following compounds:

    (i) Ethanoic acid


    (ii) Bromopentane
    (iii) Butane
    (iv) Hexanal

    Ans. Structure of compounds are given as under:

    (i) Ethanoic acid

    (ii) Bromopentane

    Material downloaded from myCBSEguide.com. 3/6


    (iii) Butanone

    (iv) Hexanal

    6. Draw the electron dot structure for

    (a) Ethanoic acid


    (b)

    (c) Propanone
    (d)

    Ans. (a) Ethanoic acid

    (b)

    Material downloaded from myCBSEguide.com. 4/6


    (c) Propanone

    (d)

    7. Why does micelle formation take place when soap is added to water? Will a micelle
    be formed in other solvents such as ethanol also?

    Ans. Soap is sodium or potassium salt of long chain fatty acid. Two ends of soap molecules
    have different properties. The ionic end is hydrophilic. It dissolve in water while the
    hydrogen chain is hydrophobic, it dissolve in hydrocarbon. The hydrocarbon chains are
    oriented towards the oil droplet while the ionic ends are oriented towards water.

    Micelles formation will not take place in ethanol.

    Material downloaded from myCBSEguide.com. 5/6


    8. An organic compound ‘A’ is widely used as a preservative in pickles and has a
    molecular formula C This compound reacts with ethanol to form a sweet smelling
    compound ‘B.

    (i) Identify the compound ‘A’


    (ii) Write the chemical equation for its reaction with ethanol to form compound ‘B’.
    (iii) How can we get compound ‘A’ back from ‘B’?
    (iv) Name the process and write corresponding chemical equation.
    (v) Which gas is produced when compound ‘A’ reacts with washing soda?

    Write the chemical equation.

    Ans. (i) Ethanoic acid,

    (ii)

    (iii) Esters react in the presence of an acid or a base to give back the alcohol and carboxylic
    acid.

    (iv) Saponification

    (v) gas evolved

    Material downloaded from myCBSEguide.com. 6/6

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