Philippine Canadian Inquirer #620

DECEMBER 13, 2024
Vol. 9 No. 620

www.canadianinquirer.net
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CANADA’S FIRST AND ONLY NATIONWIDE FILIPINO-CANADIAN NEWSPAPER
Marcos: Full force of law to go after

illegal POGOs
BY DARRYL JOHN ESGUERRA, PHILIPPINE NEWS AGENCY STORY ON PAGE 3
JOYFUL
Christmas decorations bring cheers, especially to patients and
their families, at the Philippine Heart Center in Quezon City,
this photo taken on Tuesday (Dec. 10, 2024). The hospital's
mission is to reduce the burden of cardiovascular disease in the
Philippines while advancing education, research and advocacy in
cardiovascular care in the Asia Pacific. (ROBERT OSWALD P. ALFILER/PNA)
9 13 21 29
Psychoanalysis explains why What Syria’s rebel takeover Maria in Vancouver: Surging global tourism
Donald Trump is taunting means for the region’s How To Do Christmas & emissions are driven by
Canada and ‘Governor Justin major players: Turkey, Hanukkah This Year just 20 countries – major
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2 PHILIPPINE NEWS FRIDAY December 13, 2024
Gov’t aims to make overseas work a choice,

not a necessity – PBBM
By Darryl John Esguerra With this, the government Filipinos overseas to contin- enhanced the quality of life in file of the Filipino diaspora.
Philippine News Agency continues to take steps to safe- ue serving their countrymen your respective communities, The honorees include
guard the rights and well-being and the communities they call both here and abroad.” Lingkod sa Kapwa Pilipino
of overseas Filipinos and their home, even as he appealed to The PAFIOO is a biennial awardees Leo-Felix Jurado,
MANILA – President Fer- families, regardless of their lo- the public to draw inspiration award system that recognizes United States of America/La-
dinand R. Marcos Jr. on cation, the President said. from the remarkable contribu- outstanding overseas Filipinos, sam, Cagayan; Emilio Quines
Wednesday reaffirmed the Among the initiatives he cit- tions of the awardees. as well as foreign individuals Jr., USA/Tagudin, Ilocos Sur;
government’s commitment to ed include the strengthening “Our awardees represent the and organizations, for their ex- The Philippine Nurses Associ-
implementing governance and labor agreements with foreign very best of our people and ceptional achievements and sig- ation of New York (PNANY),
economic reforms to realize the countries, conducting aggres- bring immense pride to our nificant contributions, which in- USA; and the Neurosurgery
administration’s goal of making sive campaigns against illegal country,” he said. clude advancing the welfare of Outreach Foundation Inc, USA.
overseas work “a choice rather recruitment and trafficking, and “Your accomplishments span overseas Filipinos, supporting The Pamana ng Pilipino
than a necessity” for Filipinos. mobilizing the Agarang Kalinga various fields and the noble national development efforts, awardees are Larry Caramba,
“Our dream is to, one day, at Saklolo para sa mga Over- works that you have done have or raising the international pro- Saudi Arabia/Victorias/Negros
make overseas work a choice seas Filipino Workers (OFW) na Occidental; Jane Gerardo-Aba-
rather than a necessity,” Mar- Nangangailangan Fund. ya, Austria/Kalibo, Aklan; Ro-
cos said during the 2024 Pres- The President also highlight- berto Eusebio Lavides, Canada/
idential Awards for Filipino ed open government commu- Gumaca, Quezon; and Melvin
Individuals and Organizations nication channels for migrant Sanicas, Switzerland/Bacolod
Overseas (PAFIOO) confer- workers through the One Re- City, Negros Occidental.
ment ceremony in Malacañang. patriation command, as well The Banaag awardees are
“We continue to implement as efforts to facilitate the safe Elvy Barroso, USA/Ligao City,
reforms in governance and repatriation of OFWs affected Albay; Zita Cabais, France/
economic development to pro- by calamities and conflicts. Bani, Pangasinan; and Elvira
vide our people with opportu- “Our embassies and consul- dela Cruz, Morocco/Pozorru-
nities here at home,” he added. ates abroad remain vigilant in bio, Pangasinan.
Marcos, however, acknowl- looking after our people wher- Meanwhile, the Kaanib ng
edged that millions of individ- ever they may be in the world,” Bayan awardees are Bader
uals are migrating internation- Marcos said. Ahmed Al Zafeen, United Arab
ally for work opportunities, In the same speech, Marcos Emirates; and Victor Gaina,
including Filipinos. urged the 13 honorees and all President Ferdinand R. Marcos Jr. (PCO)
Moldova. ■
PBBM creates system for children protection

vs. all forms of abuse
By Ruth Abbey Gita-Carlos with components that include dren living in alternative care, operating round the clock. LGUs and private sector part-
Philippine News Agency reporting; rescue and relief; re- and children living with hu- The helpline, which will serve ners, into a network of coopera-
habilitation; and reintegration. man immunodeficiency virus. as the central reporting system for tion and collaboration with the
The EO defines CNSPs as per- The Department of Social Wel- all CNSP issues and concerns, will overall aim of ensuring delivery
MANILA – President Fer- sons below 18 years old, or those fare and Development (DSWD) continue to be under the CWC’s of services to CNSPs under the
dinand R. Marcos Jr. has ap- 18 years old and over but are will lead the implementation of management and operation. MAKABATA Program,” it added.
proved the establishment of unable to fully take care of them- the MAKABATA program, while “All concerns received through EO 79 instructs the CWC to
a one-stop system to ensure selves because of physical or men- the Council for the Welfare of any of the communication plat- respond to all inquiries regard-
children’s protection against tal disability or conditions, and Children (CWC) will serve as the forms of the MAKABATA Help- ing CNSP issues and concerns;
all forms of abuse that are det- are vulnerable to, or are victims of overall coordinating and moni- line 1383 shall be immediately refers matters, issues, and con-
rimental to their development. abuse, neglect, exploitation, cru- toring body for the implementa- acted upon or referred, directly cerns involving CNSPs to con-
Executive Order (EO) 79 elty, discrimination, violence, and tion of the MAKABATA Program. or indirectly, to concerned gov- cerned government agencies;
inked by Marcos on Dec. 8 estab- other similar cases such as child All concerned government ernment agencies and instru- and implements a monitor-
lishes the Mahalin at Kalingain labor, online sexual abuse and agencies are directed to desig- mentalities, including LGUs ing, evaluation, and feedback
ating mga Bata (MAKABATA) exploitation of children (OSAEC), nate MAKABATA coordinators, and private sector partners, for mechanism to ensure the pro-
Program and institutionalizes child sexual abuse or exploitation focal persons, and child protec- appropriate action and/or inter- vision of time and appropriate
the MAKABATA Helpline 1383. of materials (CSAEM), child traf- tion officers, as may be neces- vention,” according to EO 79. interventions to CNSPs.
Under EO 79, the MAKA- ficking, and other circumstances sary, subject to existing laws, “In this regard, the MAKABATA The CWC is also tasked to co-
BATA Program will serve as a that gravely threaten or endanger rules and regulations. Program, through MAKABATA ordinate with the Presidential
one-stop system for addressing a child's survival and normal de- EO 79 orders the institutional- Helpline, shall establish and de- Communications Office to pro-
and monitoring all issues and velopment. ization of the existing MAKABA- velop a referral pathway which mote and raise public awareness
concerns of children in need CNSPs also refer to children TA Helpline 1383, a dedicated will link all government agencies
of special protection (CNSPs), in conflict with the law, chil- hotline number for the program and instrumentalities, including PAGE 12 PBBM creates system
FRIDAY December 13, 2024 PHILIPPINE NEWS 3
1
Marcos: Full force of law to go after illegal POGOs
By Darryl John Esguerra ning following a meeting with including human trafficking,
Philippine News Agency the multi-agency task force prostitution and murder, and or-
that oversees the shutdown of dered a halt to operations imme-
POGOs in the country. diately, with a complete phase-
MANILA – President Ferdi- “Hindi na kailanman papa- out scheduled by Dec. 31.
nand R. Marcos Jr. has warned yagang manalasa ang mga ito. The ban covers all POGOs, le-
those who will go against his Sino mang magtangka na mag- gitimate and otherwise, IGLs, and
total ban on Philippine Offshore sagawa ng ilegal na operasyon other offshore gaming licensees.
Gaming Operators (POGOs) ay haharap sa buong puwersa According to the Philippine
that the full force of the law will ng ating batas (They will never Amusement and Gaming Corp.
hunt and shut them down. be allowed to ravage our country (PAGCOR), only seven licensed
“Kanselado na ang lahat ng again. Anyone who will conduct POGOs remain, down from 60
lisensya ng POGO at IGL [in- illegal operations will face the in mid-2024 when Marcos first
ternet gaming licensees] sa full force of the law),” he added. announced the total ban.
buong bansa! (All the licenses The President, in his third The remaining operations are
of POGO and IGL operators State of the Nation Address in working to meet the deadline.
nationwide have been can- July, responded to mounting All POGO and IGL licenses
celed),” Marcos said in a social calls to ban POGOs, which had will be revoked by Dec. 15, Authorities guard a raided Philippine offshore gaming operators (POGO) hub in
media post Wednesday eve- been linked to serious issues, PAGCOR said. ■ Pasay City on Nov. 6, 2023. (YANCY LIM/PNA)
Bills regulating confidential fund allocation,

SDOs filed in House
By Filane Mikee Cervantes mittee are Batangas Rep. personal expenses of govern- of public funds and introduce amount equivalent to their
Philippine News Agency Gerville Luistro, Manila Rep. ment officials, public relations much-needed statutory chang- cash accountability and whose
Roland Valeriano, Deputy Ma- campaigns, and other non-sees," they added. net worth can cover at least 50
jority Leader Francisco Paolo curity-related purposes. The measure also mandates percent to 100 percent of their
MANILA – Lawmakers on Ortega V, Assistant Majority "The spirit of granting con- agencies to report CIF utiliza- cash accountability.
Wednesday filed two measures Leader Zia Alonto Adiong, As- fidential funds for confidential tion to the Commission on Au- "It is high time that stan-
seeking to strictly regulate the sistant Majority Leader Pammy expenses was for peace and or- dit without compromising con- dards be put in place to regu-
utilization and allocation of Zamora, and 1-Rider Party-list der programs and public safe- fidentiality. late SDOs not only disbursing
confidential and intelligence Rep. Ramon Rodrigo Gutierrez. ty. This was not how the confi- Accountability for special confidential and intelligence
funds (CIF), as well as the han- Regulating CIF utilization dential funds were used by the disbursing officers funds, but regular funds as
dling of disbursements by spe- HB 11192, titled the pro- civilian agencies as seen in the HB No. 11193, also known well, and imposing sanctions
cial disbursing officers (SDOs). posed "Confidential and Intel- inquiries of the House Commit- as the proposed “Special Dis- for improper disbursement of
Members of the House Com- ligence Funds (CIF) Utilization tee on Good Government and bursing Officers Accountability these funds be it intentional-
mittee on Good Government and Accountability Act,” aims Public Accountability," the law- Act,” proposes qualifications ly or through negligence," the
and Public Accountability led to impose stricter limits on the makers said. and stricter accountability lawmakers said.
by its chair Joel Chua filed allocation and use of CIF. "It is high time that stricter measures for SDOs handling SDOs are prohibited from
House Bills (HB) 11192 and Under the measure, CIF al- requirements and guidelines both regular and confidential making further delegation of
11193 following the panel's locations will be restricted to be issued in the utilization of funds. disbursing the funds and must
series of hearings into the al- agencies with mandates on confidential funds for confi- The bill provides that only personally liquidate disbursed
leged misuse of PHP612.5 mil- national security, peace and or- dential expenses. While the permanent government em- funds.
lion in CIF by the Office of the der, and intelligence gathering. necessity of confidential funds ployees with expertise in ac- Failure to properly manage
Vice President and the Depart- The bill explicitly prohib- for national security is rec- counting, auditing, or finance funds will result in severe pen-
ment of Education under Vice its the use of CIF for activities ognized, it must be balanced may serve as SDOs. alties, including disqualifica-
President Sara Duterte. unrelated to these objectives, with the duty of the govern- The SDOs shall have an tion from public service and
Other members of the com- including political activities, ment to safeguard utilization approved fidelity bond in an loss of benefits. ■
49% of Filipinos say PBBM OKs shopping

they are better off festival, easing of
post-pandemic - survey visa, immigration
By Filane Mikee Cervantes demic — a sentiment felt across in the Philippines reported they process
Philippine News Agency all Group of Seven (G7) coun- are "doing alright", while 26 per-
tries including Canada, France, cent are "just about getting by".
Germany, Italy, Japan, the United It said 9 percent indicated By Ruth Abbey Gita-Carlos Under RA 12079, tourists
MANILA – Almost half of Fil- Kingdom and the United States. they were "living comfortably." Philippine News Agency can claim a refund on the VAT
ipinos feel better off economi- In the Philippines, 17 percent However, 29 percent admitted for goods personally purchased
cally now compared to before said they are "a little worse off" finding it "quite difficult" or "very at accredited retail outlets
the Covid-19 pandemic, ac- post-pandemic, while 7 per- difficult" to manage financially. MANILA – President Ferdi- within 60 days, provided they
cording to the latest survey by cent described their situation When asked about inflation, nand R. Marcos Jr. on Wednes- meet a minimum transaction
research company Ipsos. as "much worse off". 44 percent of Filipinos expect it day approved the Private Sector requirement of PHP3,000.
The survey, conducted from Additionally, 25 percent said will take over a year to stabilize. Advisory Council’s (PSAC) pro- An estimated 30-percent in-
Oct. 25 to Nov. 9, revealed that they are neither better nor worse Twenty-seven percent be- posals to launch a shopping festi- crease in tourist spending is
49 percent of Filipinos reported off than before the pandemic. lieve inflation will take more val nationwide and ease the visa projected with the new law,
an improvement in their financial In terms of managing person- than a year to normalize, while and immigration process to fur- benefitting both large-scale in-
situation compared to early 2020 al finances, the survey showed 28 percent believe it will never ther boost the Philippine tourism. dustries and micro, small and
or before the Covid-19 pandemic that 37 percent of respondents normalize. ■ Marcos gave his approv- medium enterprises (MSMEs).
stopped global economic activity. al during a meeting with the Inbound tourism expen-
Of those who felt they were PSAC’s tourism sector at Mala- diture on shopping reached
in an improved situation, 17 cañan Palace in Manila, after PHP137.4 billion in 2023, ac-
percent said they were "much it presented some of its recom- cording to the data from the
better off," while 32 percent mendations to boost the tourism Department of Tourism.
said they were "little better off." industry following the signing of Marcos said he sees no ma-
The Ipsos survey polled Republic Act (RA) 12079 or the jor obstacles with PSAC’s rec-
22,720 participants across 32 Value Added Tax (VAT) Refund ommendation to ease visa ac-
countries, including 500 from for Non-Resident Tourists. cess to American, Japanese,
the Philippines. One of PSAC’s key recom- Australian, Canadian, Schen-
This optimistic outlook in mendations is the launching of gen (AJACS) and American,
the Philippines exceeds the the nationwide “Shopping Fes- Japanese, Australian, Canadi-
global average of 37 percent. tival Philippines” to coincide an, Schengen, Singapore or UK
Ipsos noted that 37 percent with the upcoming New Year’s (AJACSSUK) visa holders.
across 32 countries said they are "Christmas by the Lake" launches at TLC Park in Lower Bicutan, Taguig City on celebrations, the Presidential He said the initiative is already
worse off than before the pan- Saturday (Nov. 30, 2024). (ROBERT OSWALD ALFILER/PNA)
Communications Office (PCO) “the first thing” on his agenda.
said in a statement. “I think we should stop
The PCO said the proposed messing around with this sys-
shopping festival will incen- tem. It’s so clear already. And
tivize international visitors, again, it’s something that we
which is expected to propel don’t have to pilot because it
Bill promoting e-vehicle higher spending and increased
tourism revenue.
has been done for us in many,
many airports,” Marcos said.
industry gets House final nod “We’ve talked about this shop-
ping festival. Again, I think it’s
properly categorized as an easy
Marcos, however, acknowl-
edged that the recommenda-
tion must be carefully studied,
win. So, we’ll do that,” Marcos particularly its security aspects.
By Filane Mikee Cervantes units for five years. pose to remove the require- said during the meeting with
Philippine News Agency The bill specifies that an ment for larger front motorcy- PSAC, as quoted by the PCO. PAGE 12 PBBM OKs shopping
electric vehicle (EV) includes cle plates,” Baronda said.
two-, three-, and four-wheeled The measure also proposes
MANILA – The House of Repre- vehicles, or any other vehicle reduced penalties for certain
sentatives on Tuesday approved equipped with at least one violations.
on the third and final reading a electric drive for propulsion. For instance, the proposal
measure to make electric vehi- Meanwhile, HB 11113, which removes the penalty of im-
cles more affordable and reduce rationalizes safety regulations and prisonment and reduces the
greenhouse gas emissions. penalties under the Motorcycle PHP50,000 to PHP100,000 fine
With 196 affirmative votes, Crime Prevention Act (RA 11235), to not more than PHP5,000 for
3 negative, and one absten- was unanimously approved with driving a motorcycle without
tion, the House passed on 208 affirmative votes. the required number plate.
third reading House Bill (HB) Iloilo City Rep. Julienne Bar- The intentional use of tam-
10960, which seeks to amend onda said the measure aims to pered or fake number plates
Republic Act (RA) 11697, or address the safety issues raised would incur a fine of no more GIFT SUGGESTIONS. Tableware items for sale at the Maginhawa Street Art and
the “Electric Vehicle Industry by motorcycle riders in man- than PHP20,000, replacing the Food Festival in Quezon City on Dec 7, 2024. President Ferdinand R. Marcos Jr.
Development Act,” to provide a dating the installation of bigger current penalties of impris- on Wednesday (Dec. 11) approved the Private Sector Advisory Council’s propos-
zero percent tariff rate for the plates in front of motorcycles. onment or fines ranging from als to launch a shopping festival nationwide and ease the visa and immigration
importation of fully built EV “Under HB 11113, we pro- PHP50,000 to PHP100,000. ■ process to further boost the Philippine tourism. (JOAN BONDOC/PNA)
FRIDAY December 13, 2024 5
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PH gov't to assist 42 years after adoption: PH

Filipinos in US commitment to UNCLOS solid
regardless of By Joyce Ann L. Rocamora
Philippine News Agency
it added.
The Philippines, it said,
our unwavering belief in the
peaceful means of settling dis-
immigration status would play an active role in

deepening collaboration with
putes, and the rule of law and
the rules-based international
MANILA – The Philippines countries and organizations order,” the DFA said.
has marked the 42nd anni- that is anchored on common Manila had also adhered to
versary of the United Nations interests in ocean protection, UNCLOS’ dispute resolution
Convention on the Law of the conservation, management mechanisms through the 2016
Sea's adoption by reaffirming and governance. South China Sea Arbitration,
its commitment to the treaty. The DFA said Manila’s com- which rule that claims exceed-
In a statement on Tuesday, mitment to the UNCLOS had ing geographic and substantive
the Department of Foreign Af- been manifested in concrete limits of maritime entitlements
fairs (DFA) said the UNCLOS is actions over the decades. are without legal effect.
universal and indeed a constitu- From being one of the first The DFA then repeated its
tion of the oceans that serves as to sign and ratify it, it said the call on parties to comply with
Philippine Ambassador to the US Jose Manuel G. Romualdez and DFA Assistant a “comprehensive legal frame- country had aligned its domes- the ruling while recognizing the
Secretary for American Affairs Jose Victor Chan-Gonzaga (seated, 5th and 6th work for law and order in the tic legal framework with the growing acknowledgment of it
from left, respectively) lead the Planning Conference for Philippine Foreign seas within which all activities in convention through the enact- as “an unassailable part of the
Service Posts in the United States. (PHILIPPINE EMBASSY IN WASHINGTON DC)
the oceans must be carried out”. ment of the Philippine Base- corpus of international law”.
“The Philippines takes im- lines Act, and more recently “Today, UNCLOS continues
By Joyce Ann L. Rocamora administration. mense pride in its contribu- the Philippine Maritime Zones to serve as the cornerstone for
Philippine News Agency While the exact contours tions to the negotiation and Act and the Philippine Archipe- a peaceful and prosperous mar-
of the Trump administration's the promotion of UNCLOS,” lagic Sea Lanes Act. itime domain, where the rights
policies have yet to take shape, the agency said. While continuing to uphold and interests of all States are re-
MANILA – The Philippine the diplomats said this meeting “Just as we played an in- its rights at sea, the Philippines spected and protected,” it said.
ambassador and consuls gener- was an important step to ensure delible role in advancing the had also engaged coastal states “As we mark this annual cel-
al in the United States said the they have a "unified, coordinat- archipelagic doctrine, we will through discussions on the delim- ebration, the Philippines reaf-
government will assist Filipinos ed, and effective response". continue to build upon our itation of the exclusive economic firms its dedication to uphold
regardless of their status in an- President-elect Donald Trump significant footprint in enrich- zone, the continental shelf, and the provisions and the principles
ticipation of major immigration vowed to reshape US immigra- ing the law of the sea, through the extended continental shelf. enshrined in UNCLOS in fur-
policy changes under the in- tion laws, including implement- its three implementing agree- “This readiness to engage therance of our national interest
coming Trump administration. ing strict border measures. ments, including the BBNJ (UN fully within the parameters set and humanity’s aspiration for
The diplomats have met on Earlier, Philippine Ambassa- High Seas Treaty) Agreement,” by UNCLOS is a testament to peace and prosperity." ■
Dec. 10 to 11 to discuss a wide dor to the US Jose Manuel Ro-
range of issues, particularly mualdez said around 250,000
immigration, and craft "coordi- to 300,000 Filipinos are at risk
nated response". of being blacklisted or deported
In a statement issued Thurs-
day, the Philippine Embassy and
should Trump proceed with his
promise of mass deportation for
PBBM nixes sending warship
Consulates General reaffirmed undocumented immigrants.
their "collective commitment" to
supporting and providing consul-
On top of immigration, the
conference also touched on
to WPS, says PH doesn’t
ar assistance to Filipino nationals
while respecting US laws.
"Recognizing the right of the
recent developments in the
Philippine-US security and
economic relations, including
escalate tensions
US to enforce its own laws, the high-level engagements and
Philippine Embassy and Con- agreements signed in the past By Darryl John Esguerra men, protecting our territorial al antennas about 16 nautical
sulates General will intensify year, and identified opportuni- Philippine News Agency rights," he told reporters in an miles south of Bajo de Masinloc.
their engagement with rele- ties for the Philippines under interview in Pampanga. It also “intentionally sideswiped”
vant US officials to advocate the incoming administration. "Again, it will be provocative the same ship and launched its sec-
for the protection of the rights “This planning session is es- MANILA – The Philippines and will be seen as an escalation ond water cannon attack.
of Filipinos residing in the US pecially important because not will not send a Navy warship to – we don't do that. The Philip- Philippine Coast Guard ves-
and the promotion of their se- only are we taking stock of the the West Philippine Sea (WPS), pines does not escalate tensions. sels, including the BRP Teresa
curity and welfare," it read. work we have done for the last President Ferdinand R. Marcos Quite the opposite, the Philip- Magbanua, also faced block-
"The Philippine Embassy and 11 months and preparing for Jr. said Tuesday, noting that the pines always tried to bring down ing, shadowing, and danger-
Consulates General will contin- a new year ahead, but we will country is not at war and does the level of tension." ous maneuvers from a People’s
ue to provide consular services need to prepare and strategize not escalate tensions in the Last week, a Chinese vessel Liberation Army Navy vessel.
to all Filipino nationals regard- in the context of a new US ad- hotly contested waters. reportedly struck BRP Datu Tam- Despite these incidents, the
less of their immigration sta- ministration,” Romualdez said. Marcos said the government blot, a Bureau of Fisheries and President, said the country would
tus," it added. The Philippines maintains its would continue protecting fisher- Aquatic Resources vessel with a continue to perform its mission
The heads of posts said they presence in the US through the men and its territorial rights over “high-intensity laser” in the WPS. and "will never be part of an es-
understand the uncertainty felt Philippine Embassy in Washing- the WPS despite the continuing In a separate incident also last calation in the situation in WPS."
by certain segments of the Fil- ton D.C. and Philippine Consul- Chinese aggression in the region. week, a Chinese Coast Guard "If we look at the evolution of
ipino community in the United ates General in Agana, Chicago, "We are not at war. We don't vessel fired a water cannon at the situation in the WPS, the Phil-
States following recent pro- Honolulu, Houston, Los Angeles, need Navy warships. All we are BRP Datu Pagbuaya, aiming di- ippines has never been an agent of
nouncements by the incoming New York and San Francisco. ■ doing is resupplying our fisher- rectly at the vessel's navigation- escalation of tensions," he said. ■
FRIDAY December 13, 2024 PHILIPPINE NEWS 7
PH to soon acquire German vicarage where

'Noli' was completed
By Joyce Ann L. Rocamora plomacy by transcending bar- chases the property, she said, he completed the last chapters enduring linkage between Ger-
Philippine News Agency riers through the brilliance of she hopes to see the site reha- of his book Noli Me Tangere. many and the Philippines.
his mind and the humanity of bilitated as a space featuring In the three months that he The street in front of the vic-
his spirit amidst a time of op- a museum and a library that stayed in Wilhelmsfeld, Rizal arage was renamed Rizalstrasse
MANILA – The Philippines is pression and discrimination – both Filipinos and non-Filipi- established a great friendship
set to acquire the historic vicar- will soon belong to the Philip- nos could access. with the Ullmer family and an PAGE 11 PH to soon
age in Germany, where nation- pines,” she said. “We provided the funds for
al hero Dr. Jose Rizal wrote the The Senate, Legarda said, the acquisition, for the reha-
last chapters of his novel Noli would provide the funding bilitation, and for activities as
Me Tangere. support for the purchase of the well. I want it to be like a Sen-
The planned acquisition was vicarage, hopefully by 2025. tro Rizal, where there would
announced by Senator Loren “They happened to be sell- be lectures, film showing, a
Legarda during her foreign ing it, I discovered last year, library, everything, and any-
policy address, advocating for and I sought the assistance of thing, like a resource center,
the strengthening of Philip- the DFA through the Consul a creative space or a history
pine cultural diplomacy, at the General in Frankfurt to reach space,” she said.
Department of Foreign Affairs out to the Protestant vicarage, Rizal, while attending oph-
(DFA) on Tuesday. because I believe that it should thalmology lectures at the
“Knowing its importance to belong to the Filipino people,” nearby Heidelberg University
us Filipinos, I am delighted she told the Philippine News in 1886, stayed at the vicarage Senator Legarda highlighted her initiatives to promote cultural diplomacy and
to share that this site – where Agency in an interview. (now the Rizalstrasse 7) of Ger- climate action in the global stage during the Fourth Foreign Policy Address on 10
Rizal exemplified cultural di- Once the government pur- man Pastor Karl Ullmer, where December 2024. (OFFICE OF SENATOR LEGARDA)
Human rights plan to bring inclusive growth,

social justice – PBBM
By Ruth Abbey Gita-Carlos his administration’s commit- ter in our nation's history, let us be of human rights in the country, action plan for 2024 to 2028
Philippine News Agency ment to choosing principles, guided by the hope and resolve as it intends to address key hu- aims to ensure the continued
equity, and action, he said, add- that the PHRP4 embodies. Let us man rights issues and incorpo- protection and promotion of
ing that it is vital to realize the continue to build a just, equita- rate diverse perspectives. human rights in the country.
MANILA – President Ferdi- vision of giving Filipinos “a just, ble, and inclusive future for our "We, at the Commission on “As the agency tasked to over-
nand R. Marcos Jr. has expressed equitable, and inclusive future” beloved nation, especially under Human Rights, look forward to see, coordinate, and integrate
optimism that the 4th Philippine under a “New Philippines.” the banner of a Bagong Pilipinas, strengthening our partnership the implementation of the Com-
Human Rights Plan (PHRP4) “In my State of the Nation where every Filipino can achieve with the State, civil society, prehensive Philippine Peace Pro-
would bring inclusive growth Address in 2022, my vision their greatest potential with dig- and relevant stakeholders to cess, the OPAPRU (Office of the
and social justice to the country. for national development was nity and freedom,” he said. ensure the PHRP4’s success in Presidential Adviser on Peace,
The PHRP4 was officially clear. We will focus on employ- ‘Decisive step’ promoting, protecting, and up- Reconciliation and Unity) is
launched at the Manila Marri- ment and livelihood, food pro- Meanwhile, Bersamin re- holding human rights," he said. committed to championing the
ott Hotel in Pasay City on Tues- duction efficiency, improved minded all stakeholders that The PHRP4 serves as a guiding rights of our country’s most vul-
day in observance of Interna- access to education and health “it is through our collective ef- framework for promoting human nerable populations, including
tional Human Rights Day. care, economic growth, envi- fort that we will build a more rights encouraging cooperation women, children, Indigenous
“The PHRP4 is crafted to ronmental and climate change just, equitable, and dignified and ensuring transparency do- Peoples, and the elderly, most
transform the nation’s human mitigation, and peace and or- future for all Filipinos.” mestically and internationally. especially in undeveloped, con-
rights landscape into a beacon der,” Marcos said. “Today, as we launch the It establishes specific and flict-prone areas,” he said.
of inclusive growth and social “These are all rooted in three 4th Philippine Human Rights targeted interventions in re- “Through OPAPRU’s vari-
justice dedicated to improving fundamental objectives that in- Plan, we are taking a decisive sponse to human rights issues ous peacebuilding efforts that
the quality of life for all Filipi- form what human rights is all step towards protecting human and concerns. are anchored on human rights
nos,” Marcos said in his speech about protecting human lives, rights and uplifting our peo- Testament to upholding and the advancement of peace
read by Executive Secretary uplifting human dignity, and ple’s lives,” Bersamin said. human dignity education, we aim to foster a
Lucas Bersamin. advancing people’s progress.” Commission on Human In a separate statement, culture that respects the rule
The President said the gov- Marcos thanked the Presiden- Rights Chairperson Richard Presidential Peace Adviser Sec- of law, promotes social justice,
ernment’s commitment to pro- tial Human Rights Committee, Palpal-latoc said the PHRP4 retary Carlito Galvez Jr. said and lays the groundwork for
tecting human lives, uplifting government agencies, legisla- would serve as a blueprint the PHRP4 is a testament to the peace, development, and inclu-
human dignity, and advanc- tors, the Commission on Human to improve the human rights Marcos administration’s stead- sivity to take root and flourish.”
ing people’s progress form the Rights, and civil society groups landscape in the Philippines. fast commitment to upholding Galvez also called for unity
backbone of the national hu- for their “tireless work” in bring- Palpal-latoc said the nation- human dignity in a “free, dem- to build a society “where peace,
man rights plan. ing the PHRP4 to fruition. al action plan would enhance ocratic, and inclusive society.” human dignity, equality, and
The PHRP4 is a testament to “As we embrace this new chap- the promotion and protection Galvez said the national progress are enjoyed by all.” ■
PBBM OKs law to arrest ‘alarming’

mental health concerns among youth
By Darryl John Esguerra Marcos said Philippine statistics on men- thanked President Marcos for uphold-
Philippine News Agency tal health concerns are “alarming,” noting ing learners’ welfare, and advancing a
that 17 percent of young people have “con- healthier nation as a whole.
CORRESPONDENT/HOSTS templated taking their life, yet less than 1 “Our sincerest thanks go to President
Arianne Grace Lacanilao MANILA – President Ferdinand R. percent sought professional help.” Ferdinand R. Marcos, Jr. for keeping
Matte Laurel-Zalko
Violeta Arevalo
Marcos Jr. on Monday signed into law a “This law aims to bridge that gap education at the top of his adminis-
Babes Newland measure seeking to institutionalize the by embedding mental health services tration's agenda. His marching order
promotion of mental health in basic ed- directly into our schools—our nation’s to uplift our teachers and learners has
GRAPHIC DESIGN
ucation to significantly enhance govern- first line of defense against mental been our mission at the Department,”
Ginno Alcantara ment efforts in addressing the “alarming” health issues,” he said. he said in a statement.
Colleene T. Singca mental health concerns among the youth. With the enactment of the new law, “With this new law, we are taking a
In a ceremony in Malacañang, Mar- care centers will be established in every significant step towards ensuring that
ACCOUNT MANAGER cos signed Republic Act (RA) 12080 public basic education school, headed by our learners are equipped with the so-
Kristopher Yong or the Basic Education Mental Health a school counselor and assisted by school cio-emotional skills and support to nav-
and Well-Being Promotion Act, to al- counselor associates that will provide igate the challenges of modern life. By
DIRECTOR/PRODUCER low schools to become “sanctuaries of counseling and stress management work- prioritizing mental health and well-be-
Boom Dayupay learning and of well-being.” shops and implement programs that will ing, we are investing in a healthier,
The law, according to the President, help reduce stigma on mental health. brighter Bagong Pilipinas (New Phil-
PHOTOGRAPHER/VIDEOGRAPHER mandates the establishment and imple- Upholds learners’ welfare ippines),” Angara said. (With a report
Ginno Alcantara mentation of mental health and well-be- Education Secretary Sonny Angara from Stephanie Sevillano/PNA) ■
ing programs for both basic education
MANAGEMENT learners and teaching and non-teaching
Alan Yong personnel in public and private schools.
This is to ensure that students and
teachers are emotionally and mentally
•••
“equipped to excel” amid facing mod-
ern challenges.
“When our learners and school per-
sonnel are mentally healthy, academic
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performance improves, absenteeism de-
creases, and a culture of compassion and
For general inquiries, please email
[email protected]
understanding flourishes,” Marcos said.
Beyond being a safeguard to our
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[email protected]
or visit youth and school personnel, this law is
also an investment in the intellectual,
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Philippine Canadian Inquirer is located at emotional, and social future and devel- Students use umbrellas to shield themselves from drizzle on Scout Ybardolaza Street, Quezon City on
200-13888 Wireless Way,
Richmond, BC
opment of our nation,” he added. Monday morning (Oct. 3, 2022). (ALFRED FRIAS/PNA)
•••
Kanlaon eruption poses potential

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ritate the respiratory tract, especially "If in an area affected by ashfall, stay DOH regional offices were reminded
for individuals with pre-existing condi- indoors. Close all doors and windows. to ensure an adequate supply of N95
tions, such as asthma and chronic ob- Use N95 masks if available. Any med- masks, eye protection or goggles, wa-
structive pulmonary disease. ical mask or even folded clothes may ter purification tablets or filters, med-
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CANADA NEWS
Psychoanalysis explains why Donald Trump is
taunting Canada and ‘Governor Justin Trudeau’
By Gavin Fridell, Saint psychoanalysis and politics, we Doug Ford suggested Canada tus of the U.S. while experiencing economic
Mary’s University, Ilan argue that too often media and consider a bilateral trade agree- With China on the rise, this gains in recent years, Mexico
Kapoor, York University, policymakers downplay the sig- ment that would squeeze Mexi- status is seen as under threat, has trailed well behind both
Canada nificance of unconscious desire in co out of the United States-Mex- sparking American anxieties. the U.S. and Canada in produc-
The Conversation everyday politics and economics. ico-Canada Agreement. The election outcome suggest- tivity and income growth over
We believe ideology — Deputy Prime Minister ed a nostalgic desire to regain the past 30 years.
whether it’s “free trade,” “free Chrystia Freeland, while ex- America’s past “greatness” Trump’s emphasis on po-
Canadian policymakers were choice” or “Make America Great pressing tentative support for while eliminating any obsta- tential Chinese investment in
just beginning to recover from Again” — is not comprised of the trilateral trade deal, chas- cles standing in its way. the Mexican auto industry —
the shock of Donald Trump’s tired rallying cries by political tised Mexico for “not acting the But although Trump has there is currently only one Chi-
recent threats to impose 25 per leaders, but something seduc- way that Canada and the U.S. proven adept at exploiting nese-owned auto plant in Mexi-
cent tariffs on Canada and Mex- tive that both politicians and are when it comes to its eco- this desire, the irrationality of co — diverts attention from the
ico when the president-elect voters unconsciously desire, nomic relationship with Chi- his populist politics will like- persistent failure of the U.S.-
detonated another rhetorical regardless of the eventual, and na.” This is despite the fact that ly prove counter-productive. based auto industry to keep up
explosive. In an overnight so- usually negative, repercussions. Canada has been as devoted to Rather than addressing struc- with Chinese technology.
cial media post, Trump referred “Trade” is therefore more trade with China as Mexico is. tural American economic and But Trump’s plans to prey on
to the “great state of Canada” than the sum of economic parts; But when Trump announced at trade problems — for exam- American fears via trade pro-
and “Governor Justin Trudeau.” it is also highly emotional and the end of November that he in- ple, unprecedented income tectionism are likely to backfire.
While Canadian cabinet min- even fetishized, imbued with tended to impose tariffs on both inequality and pervasive pre- They may temporarily buoy na-
isters have largely shrugged off near-magical expectations that Canada and Mexico, and also de- carious employment — the tionalist sentiment and provide
Trump’s unsettling mockery, defy economic common sense manded the end of illegal migra- emphasis is on flexing muscle relief to some U.S. manufacturers,
Canada’s response to the tariff and prudence. tion and drugs across the border, and subordinating others. but soon American consumers
threat has been twofold. Trump’s election campaign Canadian elected officials were This is a classic psychoana- will suffer higher prices while pro-
First, it has sought to demon- successfully drew on this emo- stunned. Ford expressed open lytic maneuver: instead of at- ducers could be hit by more ex-
strate the practical, economic ben- tional allure, tapping into pop- dismay, saying: “To compare us tending to your own failures, pensive oil and gas from Canada.
efits of bilateral trade. Trudeau’s ular economic frustrations over to Mexico is the most insulting you displace them onto a ste- China could also target U.S.
hastily organized visit to Mar-a- the rise of China and the relative thing I have ever heard from our reotypical other — China, mi- agriculture in response to re-
Lago on Nov. 29 was intended to decline of the U.S. He offered friends and closest allies.” grants, Muslims, etc. newed Trump tariffs, negative-
communicate this to Trump and up trade and tariffs as tools to Within days, Canada pledged This is evident in Trump’s at- ly affecting the same rural ar-
his advisers, although it doesn’t “Make America Great Again.” more spending on border se- tempts to frame Mexicans as eas that have provided political
seem to have been successful giv- Canada, meanwhile, has curity in an apparent effort to “bad hombres,” spearheading support for Trump.
en Trump’s snide mention of the been caught in the crosshairs, mollify the U.S. an “Invasion of our Country!” in The irrationality of populist
dinner in the Truth Social post seeking to appease the U.S. Stoking American anxieties the form of drugs and illegal im- desire
trolling Trudeau and Canada. while becoming the target of What’s at stake in Trump’s migrants, all the while allegedly The irrationality of Trump’s
Second, some Canadian poli- Trump’s populism regardless. populist ideology is not just making “a fortune from the US.” populist protectionist policies
ticians have sought to appeal to Canada: Teammate or target? economics, but the global sta- This despite the fact that, is plain for all to see. No won-
the shadier side of Trump’s trade Before the American election, der Chinese officials point out
politics, aligning Canada with the Canada sought to align itself that “no one will win a trade
United States against Mexico by with the U.S. in its trade war [or] tariff war.”
accusing Mexico of being a back with China, announcing tariffs As for Canada, it is unlikely
door for Chinese imports and of 100 per cent on Chinese elec- that appeasing Trump or betray-
posing a national security threat. tric vehicles and 25 per cent on ing Mexico will do much to pla-
What’s at play as a chaotic Chinese steel and aluminum. cate the president-elect. To the
Trump prepares to take office There is an economic logic contrary, these efforts could well
for a second time? to such mercantilist thinking. be taken as evidence that more
We suggest the answer lies Trump’s strategy, after all, is bullying is in order and further
not only in economic explana- to use protective tools to reas- concessions can yet be extracted.
tions but especially in psycho- sert American dominance over Trump’s latest taunts to
analytic ones. Political strategy sectors where it’s fallen be- Trudeau, in fact, prove that es-
is often grounded not in ratio- hind. Canada and Mexico are calated bullying will be a com-
nal economic goals, but in ir- being told to get on board or mon presidential tactic in the
rational desires that sometimes be left out, and Canadian tar- months and years ahead — as
drive politics and politicians to iffs against China may be its if we needed more. ■
destructive ends. attempt to do so.
The psychology behind Canada has also responded by This article is republished
ideology parroting American accusations from The Conversation under a
In our recent book examining against Mexico. Ontario Premier Prime Minister Justin Trudeau and president-elect Donald Trump (@JUSTINTRUDEAU/X)
Creative Commons license.
10 CANADA NEWS FRIDAY December 13, 2024
How to cut through the divisions hampering

climate action
By Ha Pham The Liberal party under conservatives to believing in semblies, climate councils and cycling or car-pooling) and im-
Policy Options Prime Minister Justin Trudeau climate change or supporting forums are used to engage cit- proving existing technologies
has made climate change a climate policy did not deter izens directly in decision-mak- (electric cars, building enve-
centrepiece of its political them from “green” activities ing, but they rarely reduce lopes or energy-efficient home
Lasting support can only platform, using carbon pric- such as tree-planting. polarization. Rather, they lead appliances. These efforts can
come from plans that don’t fa- ing, renewable-energy invest- It’s a promising finding that the public to see climate action improve living conditions while
vour one group over another. ment and international climate points to the power of character- as top-down and partisan. decreasing energy input and
There are ways to build consen- agreements to appeal to urban, izing climate-action proposals as Establish the social condi- emissions of greenhouse gases.
sus for stable national policies. progressive and environmen- being in the national interest to tions necessary for people to Demand-side mitigation
How to respond to climate tally conscious Canadians. transcend other divisions. support climate policies. Citizen strategies could reduce emis-
change is a highly polarized The Conservatives often Climate action should be built involvement should be designed sions by 40 to 80 per cent in the
issue in Canada, a country campaign against climate pol- into industrial development, di- around relationship-building ac- building, transport, food and
divided along regional lines icies, especially the federal car- saster-risk management, public tivities between diverse groups industry sectors, a research pa-
with competing economic in- bon tax, framing these policies health and education. Some that can lead to more productive per in the scientific journal Na-
terests, identities and values. as harmful to jobs and the re- examples are public-private discussions about climate action ture Climate Change says.
Policy solutions that favour source sector. The party offers partnerships to advance clean and carbon pricing. Walking or cycling, efficient
one group over another are not alternatives that cater to the energy and green technolo- Town-hall meetings, partici- building standards (LEED) and
going to work. They won’t be interest of voters in rural areas gies, flood-resiliency efforts, patory budgeting for green proj- renewable technologies — for
sustainable over the long term. and energy-producing regions. water management and renew- ects or public consultations bring instance, moving from natural
Invariably, they will be met The New Democratic Party able-energy development. together people with different gas to green grid electricity —
with strong resistance, which will (NDP) and Green Party push Other possibilities include pub- values, ideologies, identities and improve well-being. The greatest
only deepen polarization and fur- for even more aggressive cli- lic-health strategies to respond to economic interests. When peo- observable benefits are in health,
ther erode trust in science and mate action than the Liberals climate-induced extreme weath- ple see climate policies through economic stability and mobility.
government institutions. by appealing to voters who er, expanding climate education a less polarized lens, they tend Reducing emissions while bet-
The contentiousness of the cli- want stronger commitments to in schools and universities and to find more common ground on tering lives would make it easier
mate issue is making it hard to sustainability, renewable ener- engaging local leaders, scientists climate action. for the government to gain sup-
build consensus and enact long- gy and environmental justice. and respected community figures Focus on the demand side port for demand-side solutions
term, unified and stable national These divisions are reflected in climate research. Mitigating climate change from a diverse population.
climate policies. It is delaying ac- in the country’s news coverage, Build more relationships involves adjusting demand Some examples of such ini-
tion and leading to inconsistent commentary and analysis, which among citizens for goods and services, for ex- tiatives are funding for public
steps that hamper change at the carry a variety of competing nar- Move away from activi- ample, moving away from transport, taxing land to encour-
national and international levels. ratives. Some national coverage ties that tend to use one-way unnecessary food and ener- age more efficient use of space
But there are ways to achieve is supportive of climate action. communication strategically gy consumption, switching to and social marketing of healthy
more unified action on climate. In resource-rich provinces, the crafted to shift attitudes. As- low-carbon options (walking, plant-based meals, which are less
Competing narratives focus is often on economic costs resource-intensive to produce
In Canada, divisions mani- of climate policy, reinforcing than red meat. Others include
fest along many lines: conser- the stance that federal climate banning heating systems and
vatism versus progressivism, actions are detrimental to jobs lightbulbs that are inefficient and
views on the value of natural and the economy and that they cars with internal combustion
resources versus the need for unfairly punish provinces reliant engines or diesel motors.
innovation, the support for fos- on fossil fuels. Bridging Canada’s divides
sil fuels versus renewable ener- How to get through the divides through more collaborative,
gies and green technologies. A more united way forward inclusive and innovative ap-
Political parties often exploit is possible. Here are three solu- proaches can help Canadians
regional concerns for electoral tions to overcome social divi- work together toward long-
gains. Alberta, Saskatchewan sions and bring about stable term solutions that balance
and Newfoundland rely heavi- climate action: economic growth and environ-
ly on the oil and gas industry Take a non-partisan and mental sustainability. ■
and are more skeptical of cli- integrative approach
mate policies. British Columbia A global experiment with This article first appeared on
and Quebec focus more on re- more than 51,000 participants Policy Options and is repub-
newable energy and environ- from 60 countries found that lished here under a Creative
mental preservation. the resistance of self-identified Commons license.
FRIDAY December 13, 2024 CANADA NEWS 11
Canada’s holiday tax break will have winners and

losers — here’s what you need to know
By Shahidul Islam, MacEwan es to retailers It’s important to note that
University, Subhadip Ghosh, While the tax break offers re- many essential grocery items,
MacEwan University lief to some consumers, it pres- like produce and milk, are al-
The Conversation ents challenges for retailers. It ready tax-free under Canada
will likely take a substantial effort Revenue Agency rules. The tax
for retailers to implement the tax break will cover taxed items
The government of Canada exemption, with some finding it like carbonated drinks, candies,
has announced its plans for particularly challenging to do so snack foods and alcoholic bev-
a temporary tax break by ex- in such a short period. erages. This means higher-in-
empting GST/HST on certain The Canadian Federation of come households, which spend
items during the holiday sea- Independent Business has ar- more on discretionary items,
son from Dec. 14, 2024 to Feb. gued that the new policy will stand to gain the most from a
15, 2025. The legislation to add confusion and increase ad- reduction in sales tax benefits.
enact the tax break has cleared ministrative costs for affected This holiday tax break could
the House of Commons and is businesses. It has called on the exacerbate economic inequity
now awaiting Senate approval. government to offer a $1,000 — contrary to its stated objec-
The tax break applies to cloth- credit in their GST/HST active. Taxes play a key role in
ing, footwear, diapers, car seats, counts to offset the burden. reducing inequality, and any
toys for children, jigsaw puzzles, Sylvain Charlebois, a profes- changes to the tax systems
physical video games, consoles sor of food distribution and pol- should consider that. Unfortu-
and controllers, physical books, indeed put more money into The holiday tax break will icy, has argued that the holiday nately, this GST reduction ap-
printed newspapers, Christmas consumers’ pockets as the gov- cost the government an esti- tax break may seem like a relief pears to fall short.
and similar decorative trees, and ernment claims, whether it will mated $6.3 billion, which will but it could create long-term Moreover, the benefits are
food or beverages. actually ease inflationary pres- likely have a multiplier effect instability because the grocery not distributed evenly across
The purpose of this tax break sures is uncertain. on the economy. This occurs savings are minimal and the Canadian provinces and terri-
is purportedly to offer financial Inflationary pressure when an initial injection of benefits are disproportional. tories. Consumers from prov-
relief to Canadians amid high Tax reductions often create government spending leads to Some businesses will likely inces with HST will not pay any
food and housing costs. Minis- an income effect by increasing a larger overall impact on the see a boost in sales, however. taxes for the items listed in the
ter of Public Services and Pro- disposable income and boost- economy as the money circu- Since all types of restaurant policy, but those with stand-
curement Jean-Yves Duclos jus- ing demand for various goods lates through it. foods — dining in, takeout or alone provincial sales taxes
tified the decision as follows: and services. If supply isn’t While the tax-exempt goods delivery — will be covered by will still have to pay that tax.
“Although inflation is down able to keep pace with the ris- represent a small fraction of the tax break, restaurants will Alberta, which only charges
and our economy is strong, the ing demand, this can lead to GDP, this multiplier effect could have a unique opportunity to GST, will be tax-free.
cost of living remains a chal- higher inflation. drive notable GDP growth in attract more customers. While the holiday tax break
lenge for many middle-class If a tax reduction boosts capi- early 2025. Winners and losers may offer limited economic
Canadians. That is why the fed- tal formation — the total capital Another key economic con- There will be winners and relief, its potential adverse ef-
eral government is introducing accumulation during a certain cern is the potential for “price losers from this tax policy, with fects on inflation and income
a two-month tax break on gro- period — then it might not cause stickiness,” where businesses the benefits disproportionately inequality cannot be over-
ceries and everyday essentials.” inflation. But this likely isn’t the fail to pass tax reductions onto favouring higher-income earn- looked. As such, we concur
Government estimates sug- case in this scenario, since GST consumers. For instance, when ers. Wealthier households, who with Charlebois’s recommen-
gest that someone spending reductions tend to boost de- the Alberta government ended are less affected by inflation, dation that permanently elimi-
$2,000 during the tax-free pe- mand without increasing supply. its 13-cent-per-litre gas tax in are better positioned to take nating taxes on essential goods
riod could save between $100 Historically, similar tax poli- 2022, not all gas stations re- advantage of the tax break by would deliver more equitable
and $300, while Pedro An- cies have had short-term infla- duced prices equally. A similar spending more and saving more. and lasting benefits. ■
tunes, the chief economist of tionary effects. For instance, fol- situation could occur if busi- These families will be able to
the Conference Board of Cana- lowing Prime Minister Stephen nesses choose to keep prices more easily adjust their purchas- This article is republished
da, projects average household Harper’s GST reductions in near pre-tax levels to retain ing habits, such as stockpiling from The Conversation under a
savings of $100 to $200. 2006 and 2008, prices tempo- part of the tax savings. a year’s supply of baby diapers Creative Commons license.
But while the tax break will rarily spiked before stabilizing. Implementation challeng- during the tax-free period.
PH to soon..
7 in 1964 and a Rizal PH soft power tions, and transforms societies icy that uplifts, unites, and in- ways been there and now we’re
Park, featuring a life- In her address, Legarda em- from within,” she said. spires – a foreign policy that is tapping it to its full extreme.
sized statue of the phasized the power Philippine “When wielded with purpose unmistakably Filipino.” We've come up with activities
national hero, was opened in cultural diplomacy holds and and intention, it allows us to The DFA has been ramping up that promote the Philippines
1978 in the same town. the need to institutionalize it stand proud as Filipinos, lead its activities to further promote to get people interested,” DFA-
Wilhelmsfeld has since cel- as the fourth pillar of the Phil- by example, and offer the world Filipino culture around the world OCD Assistant Secretary Celia
ebrated Rizal’s life and deeds ippines’ foreign policy. a model for resilience, sustain- after the creation of its Office of Anna Feria said.
and is also the proud sister city “Soft power is anything but ability, and harmony. I urge you Cultural Diplomacy (OCD). This week, the DFA is also
of Calamba, Laguna, the na- soft. It is a force that permeates to stand with me in this vision. “We’ve always been promot- set to launch the Philippine
tional hero’s birthplace. and settles, reshapes percep- Let us champion a foreign pol- ing Philippine culture. It’s al- Softpower Roadmap. ■
12 CANADA NEWS FRIDAY December 13, 2024
Canadian policymakers should avoid handling

Trump 2.0 like another pandemic
By Kevin Quigley, Dalhousie After describing the pan- of an uncertain threat with po- of volatility, drawing attention tion by persuading his caucus to
University demic as low risk to Canadians tentially devastating and irre- away from the instability in Ca- bring the government down in
The Conversation throughout January and Febru- versible consequences, one that nadian Parliament and the sag- a non-confidence vote. Accord-
ary 2020 — similar to Freeland’s is informed but not dictated by ging popularity of the Liberal ing to polls, an election would
“Canada will be fine” message reasonable worst-case scenarios. government, which has been a likely result in a Conservative
Since Donald Trump won the today — governments leaned But precautionary approach- dominant issue for months. majority, which would consti-
recent United States presidential in hard on pandemic mitigation es need to be used sparingly — We are now inundated with tute a more stable arrangement
election, Canadian policymakers efforts in March 2020. with an understanding of the calls for a Team Canada ap- than the current Parliament.
are trying to anticipate a variety Their interventions had nu- rationale along with determina- proach, which serves to gloss Of course, Singh is unlikely
of plausible scenarios to deal merous cascading effects: they tions of who is accountable for over divisions in national politics. to do it; the NDP has outsized
with an unpredictable leader generated inflation and contrib- what — and in a time-limited The day after the U.S. elec- impact as long as the govern-
and his intentions on everything uted to the mismanagement of manner. There must also be a tion, for example, NDP leader ment depends on its support.
from trade to mass deportations, immigration, temporary foreign general sense of overall cost. In Jagmeet Singh called for uni- An election also has its own
border security, currency, NATO, workers and housing policy. an effort to ensure stability in ty among all federal parties in risks. It could quickly become
climate action and energy. Government procurement prac- one policy area, we can create light of the result. solely about Trump and Canada’s
The president-elect’s threat tices were subject to abuse. The instability in other areas, plant- The instability of minority rule relationship with the U.S., much
to slap 25 per cent tariffs on national debt ballooned, a bill ing the seeds for the next crisis. Minority governments are as the 1988 free trade election
Canadian imports to the U.S. to be paid later. The response Crises, of course, are not unstable and expensive. The was fraught with emotional ap-
on his first day in office caused also had a devastating im- necessarily bad news for those current dynamic in Canadian peals about national identity.
immediate alarm in Canadian pact on non-pandemic-related in power. They create oppor- Parliament will unleash numer- Free trade was important, to
political and economic spheres, health care. tunities for unpopular govern- ous negotiations in the House be sure, but so were other issues,
as have his social media posts And this went on for months, ments, allowing them to com- of Commons, the bureaucracy like the introduction of a con-
making reference to “Governor in time obscuring what the true mit to immediate and definite and in federal-provincial re- sumption tax, which became the
Justin Trudeau” and the “great cost of the pandemic was, how action in the face of a top-of- lations as expensive deals are GST. That tax was almost com-
state of Canada.” trade-offs between pandemic re- mind issue for Canadians. negotiated to secure the feder- pletely overlooked in the 1988
There was a rapid response sponse and other priorities were During the first three waves of al government’s standing. election. Ultimately, it played
from the federal government, being weighed and who was car- the pandemic, for example, all The HST/GST holiday an- a role in the demise of the Pro-
generating enormous media rying the cost of the response. governments that went to the nounced on Nov. 21 and derided gressive Conservative Party of
coverage, demonstrating a skill When powerful bureaucra- polls were re-elected with in- by many economists is the most Canada, profoundly altering the
at which Trump is particularly cies become fixated on a prob- creased numbers of seats. recent example of such politicking. Canadian political landscape.
adept — getting attention. lem, there is nothing quite like Trump’s election has there- Ironically, Singh perhaps Amid Trump’s chaotic style
Canada has been sending del- it. They can develop a singu- fore created an opportunity to more than anyone else could of leadership, it’s important
egations to the U.S. all year in lar focus, and neglect trade- describe the U.S. as the source bring more stability to the situa- not to allow him to completely
anticipation of Trump’s election. offs and debate. Everything is overwhelm our politics, public
Finance Minister Chrystia Free- framed by one issue. agencies and national discourse
land assured Canadians after Unlike the situation in the on a daily basis. Canadians also
the Nov. 5 election that “Canada United Kingdom, Canadian gov- need to have a greater sense of
will be absolutely fine.” In short, ernments have made little effort how various public policies are
the government is ready and to examine in a broad sense the interdependent and how these
demonstrating a steady hand in lessons from the pandemic. This interdependencies shape gov-
the face of the current chaos. reveals how complex governing ernment decisions.
Pandemic lessons is today, but also the dangers of If the federal government
It’s encouraging to hear the responding only to crises imme- continues to jump at every
government has a co-ordinat- diately in front of us. move by Trump, Canada will
ed plan, but before rushing to Team Canada approach? simply be in a constant state of
adapt, both federal and pro- There is no question that managing crises — while sow-
vincial governments should Trump’s election and what he ing the seeds for others. ■
reflect on their recent experi- represents are consequential
ences handling the COVID-19 for Canada and the world. This article is republished
pandemic and the dangers of It’s appropriate to take a pre- from The Conversation under a
being overly adaptive. cautionary response in the face Creative Commons license.
PBBM OKs shopping.. PBBM creates system..

4 He also ordered a immigration procedures would adopting the technology and 2 on MAKABATA Help- effect immediately upon publica-
thorough review of ensure seamless transactions learning how to use it. As I said, line 1383, as well as tion in the Official Gazette or a
PSAC’s recommenda- and secure travel processing. everybody else in the world is study and recommend newspaper of general circulation.
tion to enhance the immigra- “It’s just a question really of doing it already,” he said. ways to streamline services of The funding requirements for
tion experience by introducing putting the systems in and get- Marcos said the recommen- existing helplines for CNSPs. the initial implementation of
a digital identification system ting the hardware, and then dations of the PSAC’s tourism The DSWD and CWC are di- EO 79 will be charged against
utilizing biometric data, such as slowly educating everybody sector are significant initiatives rected to issue the necessary current and available appropri-
facial recognition or fingerprint. how to use that hardware. to attract more tourists to the guidelines for the effective imple- ations of the DSWD, CWC, and
Marcos said improving the For me, it’s just a question of country. ■ mentation of EO 79, which takes the implementing agencies. ■
WORLD NEWS
What Syria’s rebel takeover means for the
region’s major players: Turkey, Iran and Russia
By Natasha Lindstaedt, controlled. In an effort to Syri- The loss is similarly huge for As far as the future for Syria, claimed to remain commit-
University of Essex anise the organisation, HTS has Russia. Moscow shored up As- international efforts to broker ted to providing this support,
The Conversation not called for the founding of a sad by sending thousands of a lasting peace have been very much to the annoyance of Tur-
global caliphate. It has instead Russian troops in 2015 and en- unsuccessful. When Turkey, key which views the SDF as a
focused on toppling Assad and gaging in brutal airstrikes on Iran and Russia tried to engi- terrorist group.
When I was buying coffee at expelling Iranian militias that it Syrian rebel groups and civilian neer peace talks in Kazakhstan There is also the Turk-
a cafe owned by a Syrian man views as a threat to its own or- infrastructure. But Russia was in 2017, the result was political ish-backed Syrian National
in the UK on Sunday, I asked ganisation which also increase too distracted and burdened by deadlock. The country was di- Army, which brought together
him what he made of the news the risk of Syrians mobilising its war in Ukraine to maintain vided geographically between a number of armed groups in
that longtime dictator Bashar along sectarian lines. the level of support that Assad different factions. 2017 and took control of parts
al-Assad had been ousted from HTS took advantage of a would have needed. As of northwestern Syria.
power. He responded optimis- 2020 ceasefire between Turkey a result, Russia’s proj- The Syrian National
tically that he and the 7 million and Russia to establish its or- ect in the Middle East Army is not cohesive
Syrians that had fled through- ganisational structure and build ended in a spectacular or centralised and its
out the country’s civil war were its governance efforts, with failure. various groups have
eager to return. some support from Turkey in There are now ques- But it is not clear what often clashed with
Assad and his family have re- the form of arms and drones. tions about the future Syria’s new government one another. But it
portedly fled to Russia, leaving Regional implications for Russian military remains a major play-
Syrians free to roam through his Turkey’s support for rebel bases in Syria. Russia will be willing to allow. er in Syria, and will
presidential palace. They top- groups such as HTS was critical was granted a 49-year aim to create a buffer
pled statues of Hafez al-Assad, to the recent offensive. Ankara lease in 2015 on an air zone near the Turk-
Bashar’s father, who also ruled gave the rebel organisations the base and a naval base ish border to prevent
the country with an iron fist. green light to go ahead with in Syria in order to Kurdish militias from
But Syria is now fragmented their offensive after the Assad gain a foothold in the threatening Turkey.
into regions controlled by dis- regime rebuffed its efforts to eastern Mediterranean. These Indeed, HTS is not the only Russia and Iran are no lon-
parate armed factions that have normalise relations with Tur- bases became critical hubs for powerful militia in Syria’s um- ger the major players in Syria.
enjoyed backing of varying de- key. Given the success of the the transfer of military contrac- brella group of rebels. The But if the rebel groups in Syria
grees from Russia, Iran, Turkey, offensive, Turkey will probably tors in and out of Africa where Kurdish-led Syrian Defence cannot build a transitional gov-
the US, the Gulf states and Is- emerge as the most influential Russia has been tapping into Forces (SDF) currently control ernment of unity and stability,
rael. There will be continued foreign actor in the country. anti-western sentiment to boost the northeast. They have also other actors will move in quick-
support for each of these armed Having taken in more Syrian its influence. gained ground, taking advan- ly to fill the void. It will be crit-
factions by these major inter- refugees than any other coun- But it is not clear what Syria’s tage of the collapse of the Syr- ical that Syrians – both those
national powers, which will be try, Turkey will be eager to new government will be will- ian army to capture the main returning and those who never
vying to ensure their regional allow Syrians to return home. ing to allow. Russian diplomats desert city of Deir ez-Zor. left – rebuild their new Syrian
interests are preserved. But its main interest there is have been fleeing Damascus en If they continue to enjoy US state on their own terms. ■
The most powerful rebel to topple the Kurdish forces masse and Russia may not have backing, the SDF will be deter-
group is Hayat Tahrir al-Sham in the north where the Dem- the capacity at the moment to mined to maintain these terri- This article is republished
(HTS). From its power base in ocratic Union party (PYD), an deal with the fallout. torial advances. The outgoing from The Conversation under a
the north-western province of offshoot of the banned Kurdis- Rebuilding the Syrian state US president, Joe Biden, has Creative Commons license.
Idlib, HTS captured Aleppo in tan Workers’ party (PKK), op-
late November and then Hama, erates. Ankara will also want
Homs and soon after the capi- to ensure that any government
tal Damascus further south. that emerges in Syria is friend-
HTS had originally set up in ly to Turkey and not Iran.
2011 as an affiliate of al-Qaeda, For Iran, the ousting of As-
with Islamic State leader Abu sad is a huge loss. It has now
Bakr al-Baghdadi directly in- lost a land bridge to the east-
volved in its formation. Former- ern Mediterranean, an import-
ly known as Al Nusra, it eventu- ant base for Iranian proxies
ally broke ranks with al-Qaeda such as Hezbollah, and a route
in 2016 and merged with other through which weapons could
militias to set up a new organ- reach Lebanon. The loss of
isation under its current name. Iran’s strategic depth in Syria
The group was purged of its will weaken its ability to sup-
more extremist elements, even port Hezbollah at a time when
arresting al-Qaeda-linked indi- it has been severely weakened
viduals in the territory that it by its conflict with Israel.
14 WORLD NEWS FRIDAY December 13, 2024
The west is already at war with Russia.

And large-scale conflict may not be far off
By Robert Dover, University of contact that is over 1,000 ki- Large scale war not far off?
of Hull lometers long, fighting not only However, the next level of
The Conversation against neo-Nazi units but actu- war – the “large-scale war” –
ally the entire military machine may not be far off. These are
of the collective west”. wars between coalitions of
Russia is already at war with In October 2023 Russian states: for example, Ukraine
the west. It has been so since its security council deputy chair, and Nato against Russia, Iran,
occupation of Crimea in 2014, Dmitry Medvedev, described North Korea and China, or a
when Russia sought to secure the supporters of Ukraine as wide number of countries in
its access to Sevastopol as a “actively pushing us towards different parts of the world Russian President Vladimir Putin (KREMLIN.RU, CC BY 4.0)
base for its Black Sea Fleet and World War III”. In January (such as the second world war).
as a potential lever of influence 2024 Russia foreign minister, Large-scale wars create “radical the Ukrainian population or to ingness to spend more mon-
over Kyiv’s political direction. Sergei Lavrov, described Russia military political change”, with recognise the current realities ey on defence in Europe. The
Even in 2014 – at the annual as the liberator from a revived intensified fighting and spread. and start negotiating.” damage done to European poli-
Valdai security conference – Vlad- second world war axis, and These tend to involve a massive Russia amended its nuclear tics by Russian political interfer-
imir Putin was referencing an es- suggested that it was tackling mobilisation of resources. doctrine in November and then ence and the rise of pockets of
calation towards conflict with the another rise in Nazism. These coalitions are not yet in proceeded to fire a nuclear-ca- far-right populist groups have
west. He later described the west Russia labels different kinds direct conflict with each other, pable hypersonic missile into also made collective European
as having “crossed a line”. of confrontation according to but there has been large-scale Ukraine, bringing it closer to responses hard to muster.
Putin signalled at the time geographical reach and inten- mobilisation of weaponry and direct conflict with Nato coun- What happens next?
that he was prepared to esca- sity. At the lowest end of its forces in Russia and Ukraine. tries. The Russian response to But it’s important to re-
late further and threaten wider scale is “armed conflict”. This North Korea has recently sent these changes is driving the member that the EU is better
military conflict, but mostly the happens within a single terri- 10,000 troops to Russia. escalation. Meanwhile, Rus- resourced than Russia, with a
west ignored those messages. torial area, such as Chechnya. For the west, large-scale war sian-linked sabotage and es- stronger technology and inno-
It’s taken a long time for Nato One notch above is a local would significantly increase the pionage operations continue vation sector. The Ukrainians
and many western nations to war. In 2014 the initial move- risk of nuclear war, cause stock across the globe. have also shown what can be
realise their significance, and to ment of the unbadged “green market volatility, cost signifi- Europe starts to prepare achieved in drone warfare to
understand that they are deal- men” (Russian soldiers) into cantly more money, and sub- Belatedly, the Europe and hold back vastly superior Rus-
ing with a continual escalation. Crimea was to maintain deni- ject European citizens to the the US are starting to under- sian numbers and artillery fire.
Today Putin has five main ability but was clearly an act instability via a large number of stand that Russia already sees Europe needs to manufac-
reasons for being on a war of war. So in many ways at this physical and cyber attacks. itself at war with the west, ture high-end innovations at
footing and seeing Russia as stage, Ukraine was a local war. European policymakers and even if limited currently. scale, something it is capable
in a conflict with the west. A local war has limited mil- citizens need to understand Countries closest to Rus- of doing.
These are: the incremental itary and political goals and more about key Russian aims sia, such as Sweden, Norway, Disrupting Russia’s base of
enlargement of Nato and the usually takes place over a short (such as creating a buffer zone Finland and Lithuania, have support will also be important.
EU towards Russian borders; period such as in the 2008 Rus- with the EU, or securing the understood this most keenly. Taking steps to prevent mili-
western financial and military so-Georgian war, but can also in- lands it sees as Russian). In Politically, they have sought to tary transfers from Iran, North
support for Ukraine to resist volve repercussions for allies of doing so, the public will know align more closely with Nato Korea and China are crucial,
the 2022 full-scale invasion; the states at war. The next two which politicians are – in effect and European military allies, as is disrupting the ability of
anti-Russian rhetoric and inter- levels of Russian war are region- – serving and opposing Putin’s to actively repel Russian inter- the Russian military-industrial
national sanctions on Russian al wars and large-scale wars. strategic agenda. ference. And it’s worth noting complex to function.
goods; measures to restrict In regional wars several states Russia has strongly signalled that Russian military resources Overall, increased under-
Russian use of the internation- work in coalition to secure stra- that recent changes in US and have been stretched by assist- standing of Russian intentions,
al banking system; and, most tegically important military and British policy, in allowing their ing Syria to tackle ongoing in- motivations and capabilities
recently, Ukraine’s allies al- political goals (such as the Sovi- long range missiles to be fired surgent attacks. is vital in the west. This could
lowing the firing into Russia of et Union’s military engagement into Russia, as escalatory. For But overall Europe has been help avoid further escalation
long-range missiles in Afghanistan 1979-89, and example the secretary of the fundamentally weakened by into a large-scale war, or, at
There have been plenty of in- the 1990-91 Gulf War, which Russian security council, Ser- decades of under-investment in least, improve its ability to ne-
dications of the Kremlin’s mind- did not involve Russia). It is gei Shoigu, has said: “When defence, its inability to coordi- gotiate with Putin. ■
set over the intervening years. likely that Russia has seen the the situation … is not in favour nate defence and security poli-
For instance, in November Ukraine conflict as a regional of the Kyiv regime, the West is cy and its over-reliance on the This article is republished
2022, Putin said: “Our armed war since 2022, with some ele- faced with a choice – to contin- US as its security guarantee. from The Conversation under a
forces … are fighting on the line ments of a large-scale war. ue financing it and destroying There is limited public will- Creative Commons license.
FRIDAY December 13, 2024 WORLD NEWS 15
Trump’s plans for tougher border enforcement

won’t necessarily stop migrants from coming
to US – but their journeys could become
more costly and dangerous
By Katrina Burgess, Tufts proposed a strategy called “pre- after the 1990s. The number entered the labor market, Mex- This doesn’t include the fee
University vention through deterrence” that of migrants apprehended by ican workers had less need to to cross the heavily fortified
The Conversation was designed to make illegal the Border Patrol along the migrate. Those who made it to U.S.-Mexico border, which in-
entry across the southwest land southwest border plummeted the United States stayed put increased from a few hundred
border so risky that potential mi- from 1.6 million between Oc- stead of going back and forth. dollars in the 1990s to between
The screen fills with images of grants would decide to stay home. tober 1999 through the end of Today, more than 60% of the $2,000 and $15,000 today.
migrants dodging highway traffic. By concentrating border en- September 2000, to 327,577 migrants who cross the U.S. bor- According to one estimate,
“They keep coming,” says a nar- forcement in the urban areas between October 2010 and the der without legal authorization smuggling revenues in the
rator. “The federal government where most migrants were trying end of September 2011. are from places other than Mex- Americas grew from $500 mil-
won’t stop them yet requires us to to cross, the plan aimed to force But the deterrent effect of ico, including Central America, lion in 2018 to $13 billion in
pay billions to take care of them. them “over more hostile terrain” increased enforcement did not Venezuela, Ecuador and Haiti. 2022. “Criminals have shifted
… Enough is enough.” in the desert and to increase the last. Migrant apprehensions at Forty percent of them are par- from their primary business,
This message might sound cost of hiring a smuggler. the southwest border began to ents traveling with children. which was drug trafficking,”
familiar, but it isn’t new. It’s a Today, illegal migration to the rise again in 2012 and spiked to Many of these migrants are the director of an anti-kidnap-
1994 campaign ad in support U.S. is far more deadly and ex- 851,508 between October 2018 fleeing chronic violence, ramping unit at an attorney gener-
of Republican politician Pete pensive than it was 30 years ago, and Sept. 30, 2019. After falling pant corruption, natural disas- al’s office in Chihuahua, Mex-
Wilson’s run for reelection as just as the authors of the 1994 briefly during the pandemic, to- ters or economic collapse. ico, told a journalist in June
California governor. Border Patrol plan anticipated. tal apprehensions averaged 1.9 For these migrants, it is 2024. “Now 60 to 70% of their
At the time, California was ex- But the report’s authors be- million per year between Octo- worth the risk of being kid- focus is migrant smuggling.”
periencing its worst recession in lieved that potential migrants ber 2020 and Sept. 30, 2024. napped, dying in the desert or It’s not just smuggling that is
decades. Although immigrants would forgo the dangers of mi- These numbers exceed the being deported to escape a des- lucrative. As Mexico’s own im-
living in the state illegally did grating to the U.S. without autho- historic peaks in 1986 and perate situation. migration policy has become
not cause California’s economic rization, as well as the high costs 2000 – despite the much great- “If they deport me, sister, I will more restrictive, migrants have
crisis, they were a convenient of getting there. They thought er costs and dangers of migrat- come back,” a Honduran moth- fallen into the clutches of an
scapegoat. By blaming immi- potential migrants would simply ing illegally today. er of three told us in Tijuana in extensive extortion racket that
grants for California’s financial stay in their home countries. Illusory deterrence June 2023. “If you go back, you involves kidnapping migrants
woes, Wilson turned his falter- They were wrong. In 2023, my research team die. So you have to go forward, once they set foot in Mexico.
ing campaign around and won Fortified borders and I interviewed over 130 mi- forward, forward all the time.” Prevention through deterrence
reelection in November 1994. The strategy of discouraging grants in Colombia, Costa Rica Increased criminality is a failed policy with a tragic
Thirty years later, the United migrants from coming to the and Mexico to understand why While prevention through human cost. It doesn’t stop mi-
States is in a similar political U.S. by making it more difficult they were taking such enormous deterrence has not stopped migrants who are fleeing dire con-
moment, with many Americans required a large federal invest- risks to get to the United States. grants, it has enriched smugglers, ditions, and it fuels violence and
worried about the cost of living ment in border enforcement What we found is that deter- corrupt government officials and criminality. Drug cartels, armed
and immigration. and cooperation from other rence isn’t working because of other criminals who take advan- groups and corrupt officials get
President-elect Donald countries, especially Mexico. shifts in who is migrating and tage of vulnerable migrants on rich while insecurity spreads,
Trump has repeatedly – and Over the past 30 years, the why they are leaving home. their way to the U.S. border. fueling more migration. It is a
misleadingly – blamed immi- Border Patrol’s budget has Until 2011, the vast major- “Before I would charge you vicious cycle that will likely only
grants for crime, high housing grown more than sevenfold, ity of illegal border crossers $6,000,” explained a Salvadoran get worse with stricter enforce-
costs and other problems. He is and the number of agents sta- were Mexicans, mostly young smuggler to an Associated Press ment and mass deportations. ■
promising to quickly close the tioned along the southwest men seeking higher incomes reporter in December 2019.
U.S. southern border and de- border has quadrupled. to support their families. As “Now I am charging you double. This article is republished
port the nearly 12 million im- The U.S. government has the Mexican economy recov- And depending on the obstacles from The Conversation under a
migrants without legal authori- also built physical infrastruc- ered and fewer young people on the way, the price can go up.” Creative Commons license.
zation to remain in the country. ture to stop migrants from en-
As a scholar of migration tering the country, including
in the Americas, my research massive walls that extend into
shows that Trump’s approach is the Pacific Ocean.
unlikely to stop migrants from In more remote areas, drones,
trying to enter the U.S. but very surveillance towers and extreme
likely to enrich criminals. Mi- temperatures do the work of
grants will keep fleeing desper- border control, often with dead-
ate circumstances under even ly consequences for migrants.
more treacherous conditions The U.S. also provided more
that leave them vulnerable to than US$176 million in fund-
exploitation by criminal groups. ing between October 2014 and
Prevention through deterrence Sept. 30, 2023, to support Mexi-
A few months after Wilson’s co’s immigration control efforts.
campaign ad hit the airwaves, the There is some evidence that
U.S. Border Patrol issued its stra- stricter border enforcement de-
tegic plan for 1994 and beyond. terred Mexicans from crossing
In this plan, the Border Patrol illegally into the United States Border wall between the United States and Mexico in El Paso, Texas. (LEVI MEIR CLANCY/UNSPLASH)
16 WORLD NEWS FRIDAY December 13, 2024
How France can be more ‘European’

to avoid political chaos
By Simon Toubeau, Rassemblement National (RN), practice for coalition govern-
University of Nottingham behaved like an opposition par- ments in Belgium and Germany,
The Conversation ty. Both acted like competitors where parties reach an accord
with their eye on future elec- that outlines their legislative
tions rather than on their cur- programme. It is also frequent-
The French prime minister, rent governing responsibilities. ly used in Spain, between mi-
Michel Barnier, has resigned This was visible in Barnier’s nority administrations and their
following a vote of no con- brinkmanship: he should have parliamentary supporters.
fidence in his government submitted his budget to the In France, such a mechanism
triggered by a tussle over his parliament for amendments is currently being touted in the
budget. His was a minority and for a vote. Instead, he form of a “no-censure” motion
administration working with chose to use a constitutional by the French Socialist party,
a fragmented and divided par- mechanism that made a con- but this proposal needs to be
liament, in which parties had fidence vote the only alterna- better developed.
little inclination to cooperate. tive to allowing him to pass his Parties need to forge pacts
French party leaders will budget. The opposition parties, that provide a common basis
have to develop a taste for co- unsurprisingly, triggered the for them to work together and
alitions and compromise if they confidence vote and took his focus on the task of governing.
are to have a stable govern- government down. This is eminently achievable,
ment. This is the only option for Barnier knew this would be as other countries have shown.
a system ground to paralysis by the result but was aiming to It just takes will on the part of
a culture of majoritarianism. blame the RN for the chaos to French parties.
Developing a more coopera- harm its electoral prospects. 2. A role for all parties in stead have taken place while the liament of any outright legisla-
tive culture is possible. In fact, The RN does now have to an- preparing laws budget text was being prepared. tive majority.
such cultures operate in plenty swer for its actions but we can The second way forward is This is what happens in Den- But then, the governing coa-
of other European countries. expect to see Marine Le Pen to give parliamentary commit- mark and Sweden, where mi- lition changed. The economic
1. Governing pacts to avoid and Emmanuel Macron seek- tees more powers and to make nority governments find legis- ideologies of the NFP and the
brinkmanship ing to pass the blame back and them more representative of lative majorities to enact their centrist group were too far apart
First, if a minority administra- forth between each other for the parties in parliament. laws because parliamentary for them to find a space for com-
tion is formed, the agreement the foreseeable future. The crisis around Barnier parties exert influence over mon action. The centrists turned
between the government and its Such electioneering in the came about because both the them through their representa- right and asked the RN to ab-
partners in parliament needs to middle of a budgetary crisis government and RN main- tives on powerful committees. stain during the government’s
be enshrined in a formal pact. could be avoided in the future tained their majoritarian and Stronger committees with a vote of investiture, enabling
The French government fell if governing parties and their competitive instincts when rat- better representation of par- them to govern as a minority.
because it behaved like it had a allies in parliament establish a ifying the government’s budget. ties would help France avoid These actions not only in-
majority and because its ally, the governing pact. This is common To pass the budget, the gov- the kind of showdown we wit- duced parliamentary stalemate,
ernment followed the standard nessed over Barnier’s budget. they also weakened democratic
parliamentary procedure: the 3. Stable coalitions accountability: the centrist group
legal text was studied by finance The third way forward is to had hoodwinked French voters
committees in the lower and up- maintain the coalitions that into expecting a centre-left gov-
per houses of parliament. Any parties forge to win elections ernment before instead striking a
differences between them was once they enter government. In deal with the far right.
reconciled by a special commit- France, instead, what we saw These actions are fundamen-
tee, made up of seven members this year were shifting elector- tally out of kilter with practices
from each chamber, in propor- al and governing coalitions. in other countries.
tion to the representation of An electoral pact was estab- In Italy pre-electoral coa-
parties. So it felt as though the lished, the so-called “repub- litions become the basis for
final text reflected the mood of lican front”, between the left- government. Parties negotiate
the parliament. wing Nouveau Front Populaire a platform for government
But RN still felt excluded (NFP), the centrists associated ahead of time and present
from this process, and blamed with president Emmanuel Ma- themselves to the electorate
the government for being cron and the centre-right Les as a package. This was once a
closed to dialogue. This is to Republicains. This grouping practice in France too, for ex-
some extent true. Barnier said was designed to prevent the ample between the Communist
he would listen but would not far-right RN from winning a and Socialist parties that unit-
negotiate endlessly. legislative majority. ed to support François Mitter-
Knowing that it could torpe- Their 2024 electoral pact and in the 1980s and 1990s.
do the budget, the RN never- involved standing down can- For French parties to be hon-
theless issued further demands didates in another party’s fa- est and accountable to French
it knew Barnier couldn’t deliv- vour if it meant blocking an voters, they will need to ac-
er without derailing his plans RN candidate from winning a quire a taste for maintaining
to restructure public spending seat. This tactic successfully such coalitions. ■
– and without losing face. prevented the RN from getting
The negotiation between the into power. But it also creat- This article is republished
government and its supposed ed three evenly sized political from The Conversation under a
parliamentary ally should in- clusters and deprived the par- Creative Commons license.
ENTERTAINMENT
Vice Ganda leads One Hundred Years of Solitude:
heartwarming family Netflix adaptation is faithful,
movie "And The ambitious and beautifully realised
Breadwinner Is..." By Liz Harvey-Kattou,
University of Westminster
Rodrigo, who acted as consul-
tants and co-producers on the
The timeframe of the novel is
said to span the 1820s-1920s,
The Conversation series in exchange for the rights but within both novel and series
of the novel that even Garcia time itself is seen to be elastic and
Márquez himself believed could circular. The adaptation glosses
First published in 1967, One not be adapted for the screen. over these issues, leaving us with
Hundred Years of Solitude, Alex García López, who di- a timeless piece which is often
marked out Colombian author rected five of the episodes in impossible to pin down chrono-
Gabriel García Márquez as a the first season, stated that his logically, all the while maintain-
leading figure among the nota- intention too was “to create ing narrative coherence.
ble Latin American writers of his something authentic, with the The Netflix series follows
generation. Now, the long-antic- calibre of an international pro- García Márquez’s story in an
ipated Netflix adaptation of this duction, because the story de- exacting way, including the fa-
epic saga comes to our screens serves it”. It is clear how faith- mous lines which provide the
after first being announced in ful the directors wanted this memorable opening to the story:
Casts of "And The Breadwinner Is..." (ABS-CBN)
2019. It does not disappoint in series to remain to the book. Many years later, as he faced
its scope or ambition. Having sold over 45 million the firing squad, Colonel Aure-
ABS-CBN revolves around a selfless and Reported to be one of Netflix’s copies and been translated into liano Buendía was to remember
confidently beautiful breadwin- biggest-ever productions, the 44 languages, it was One Hun- that distant afternoon when his
ner named Bambi (Vice) who has original novel has been split into dred Years of Solitude that gave father took him to discover ice.
Explores breadwinners’ joys committed her entire life as an two halves, each comprising some Latin American authors From there it covers the nu-
and pains for this year’s 50th OFW in Taiwan in order to pro- eight hour-long episodes. This – later known as the “boom” merous sequences of personal
MMFF vide for her dysfunctional family. splicing of one narrative into two generation– an international and political events which affect
A heartwarming family story When Bambi returns home seasons mimics the platform’s readership. So it is safe to say the Buendía family. Where pos-
unfolds this Christmas season to reunite with her family af- successful formula for hits such that many viewers will come to sible, the series enacts the book
in “And The Breadwinner Is…,” ter many years, she is greeted as Bridgerton season three or the series as fans of the novel. word for word, either through
an official entry in this year’s with an underwhelming wel- Outer Banks season four. While Netflix’s commitment the voiceover which takes on
50th Metro Manila Film Festival come by her loved ones who are The bonus here is that the to period dramas is well-known, the role of omniscient narrator,
(MMFF) starring Vice Ganda. burdened with problems and visuals alone are well worth this series will also attract fans or through the dialogue itself.
Helmed by director Jun Robles in debt. In the hopes of finally the wait. Involving more than of its fantasy, dystopian, and his- The costumes and styling of the
Lana and co-produced by Star turning their dream life into re- 20,000 extras, 15 filming loca- torical productions. Colombian characters and the minutiae of
Cinema and The IdeaFirst Com- ality, Bambi gambles on a prom- tions in Colombia, and more director and screenwriter Laura background detail are taken
pany, the drama-comedy movie ising opportunity for a chance to costume changes than it is pos- Mora, who directs three epi- straight from the pages of García
is a story for and about bread- claim P10 million – but it comes sible to count, the adaptation sodes of season one, notes that, Márquez’s imagination and ren-
winners as it explores their joys, with a life-changing price. lives up to its Netflix predeces- “bringing this work to the screen dered in sumptuous visual glory.
pains, struggles, and realizations. The movie also stars Malou sors’ high standards. … I feel proud to open a win- While the novel is a complex
Viewers will get to see Vice in De Guzman, Joel Torre, Jhong For this reason there was a dow into our country to a global volume, the series adds even
her usual comedic self plus so Hilario, Gladys Reyes, Maris Ra- careful casting process, resulting audience”. Its reflections on the more narrative depth. It draws
much more heartfelt moments cal, Anthony Jennings, Kokoy in an all-Colombian cast, few themes of conscience, fate and out scenes that García Márquez
with her co-stars. One of which De Santos, Lassy Marquez, MC of whom were professional ac- the arbitrary nature of conflict passes over in a page or two;
viewers can look forward to is the Muah, Via Antonio, Kiko Matos, tors before this production. This will strike a universal chord. some characters who only have
tandem of Vice and award-win- Argus Aspiras, Kulot Caponpon, is a first major role for Marco Bringing Macondo to the brief appearances in the book
ning actress and comedian Eu- and Eugene Domingo. González who plays José Arca- screen are given just as much screen
gene Domingo, whose on-screen Get the whole family togeth- dio Buendía in his youth, and his Starting in the unnamed time in certain scenes as the
chemistry touched the hearts of er and catch “And The Bread- wife, Úrsula Iguarán, is played town where José Arcadio Bu- Buendía family protagonists. In
many in their previous work. winner Is…” in the 50th MMFF superbly by the professional endía and Úrsula Iguarán were many ways, this makes watch-
"Ang storya niya masyadong in cinemas nationwide begin- dancer Susana Morales. In later born, the book and series show ing the adaptation a more cohe-
personal. Kaya 'yung iyak, sigaw, ning December 25. life they are played beautifully the couple founding the fic- sive experience than reading the
at hagulgol, hindi ko na inarte. For more details, follow Star by Diego Vásquez and Marleyda tional village of Macondo as book thanks to these clear links
Naisigaw ko para sa breadwin- Cinema on Facebook, X, Insta- Soto, while well-known Colombi- dreamed up by García Márquez. between characters and scenes.
ners, naiiyak ko 'yung matagal gram, YouTube, and TikTok. an actor Claudio Cataño appears It is here that the story of the Are we still talking about
nilang kinimkim," shared Vice For other updates, follow @ as Colonel Aureliano Buendía. Buendía family plays out, and magical realism?
during the movie’s grand kick- abscbnpr on Facebook, X, Insta- This is exactly the kind of the novel’s characters, settings It seems impossible to write
off and poster reveal event. gram, and TikTok, or visit www. authenticity sought by García and many plotlines come to life
“And The Breadwinner Is…” abs-cbn.com/newsroom. ■ Márquez’s sons, Gonzalo and over the course of a century. PAGE 19 One Hundred Years
18 ENTERTAINMENT FRIDAY December 13, 2024
Mercedes' trending character 'Lena'

exits "FPJ's Batang Quiapo"
ABS-CBN the role of Lena, I wouldn't Joel Lamangan, since their
have gained this much recog- rapport on and off cam was a
nition on mainstream TV. To welcome surprise.
Mercedes thanks Coco and the viewers, thank you because Lena’s character caught the ire
viewers for recognition on even if I know you disliked of viewers and was considered as
mainstream TV Lena, I still hear and read posi- one of the most hated kontrabi-
After spawning countless tive comments that truly touch das in primetime television where
memes and viral online videos, me as an actress,” said Mer- she played an arrogant mistress.
“FPJ’s Batang Quiapo’s” infa- cedes in a video shared online Mercedes’ effective portrayal was
mous character Lena, played by CCM Film Productions. a major hit, with viewers even Mercedes Cabral as 'Lena' on "FPJ's Batang Quiapo" (ABS-CBN)
by Mercedes Cabral, bid good- Viewers were left stunned over impersonating Lena’s trending
bye to the Kapamilya action se- the shocking death of Lena, who lines in the series such as “gusto ABS-CBN Entertainment’s You- Quiapo” on TV5 and A2Z. The
ries last Friday (December 6). eventually lost her sanity follow- ko ng liempo” and “Righoouur,” Tube channel and Facebook show is also available to view-
Mercedes extended her ing her separation from Rigor while she was also dubbed as the page. The latest episodes can ers in and out of the Philippines
heartfelt gratitude to Coco (John Estrada) and the loss of “pambansang jumper.” be enjoyed on-demand for up on iWantTFC, while viewers
Martin for entrusting her to their child, after she was shot by Don’t miss the action-packed to 21 days after they are first outside of the Philippines can
play a pivotal role in the series Rigor just before she could stab scenes in “FPJ’s Batang Quiapo,” streamed on Kapamilya Online watch on The Filipino Channel
and she also shared her appre- Marites (Cherry Pie Picache). which is inspired by the original Live on YouTube. Viewers who (TFC) on cable and IPTV.
ciation on how invested the Mercedes also expressed story of Regal Films, on week- use any digital TV box at home For updates, follow @abscb-
viewers are in the story. how much she will miss work- nights at 8 PM on Kapamilya such as the TVplus box only npr on Facebook, X, Instagram,
"I'd like to thank Coco being with her co-stars, most es- Channel, A2Z, TV5, iWantTFC, need to rescan their device to and TikTok, or visit www.abs-
cause if he had not given me pecially Cherry Pie and Direk and Kapamilya Online Live on be able to watch “FPJ’s Batang cbn.com/newsroom. ■
Go Inside the Global Celebrations for

Spotify’s Biggest Wrapped Yet
Spotify capabilities of the Samsung Gal- We toasted Wrapped at a par- and broadcast in collaboration dia, partners, and advertisers—
axy S24 Ultra’s 200MP camera ty in Mexico City where we re- with one31 media network. all of which included the under-
and Nightography. vealed Mexico’s most-streamed During the event, we unveiled pinnings of Wrapped themes.
This week saw the release U.K. artists. We even projected a Thailand’s top lists and hosted Sweden
of 2024 Spotify Wrapped, and We invited fans in London for a video onto one of the city’s performances from Butterbear, In Stockholm, we hosted an
we’ve been celebrating our two-day Wrapped takeover of the landmark buildings, Torre Lati- Jeff Satur, CHUNG HA, imase, intimate dinner at Spotify HQ
biggest Wrapped to date with Outernet. Giant screens encour- noamericana, featuring those Xdinary Heroes, and more. with 45 up-and-coming podcast-
global influencers, fans, artists, aged passersby to display their artists—Peso Pluma and Kenia Australia ers. Hosted by Karin Bäckmark,
media, and more. own Wrapped. Close to 500,000 OS, plus the country’s most- From a brat-themed photo sta- our Head of Podcast, Nordics, the
U.S. people moved through the space, streamed podcast, Relatos de tion to Short n’ Sweet-inspired event was the perfect way to cel-
In Hollywood, we hosted resulting in a lot of excitement. la Noche. Kenia OS surprised cocktails, our event in Sydney ebrate the medium’s newcomers.
“Spotify’s Wrapped Universe” at Artists Sophie Ellis-Bextor, Leo- guests with an appearance, with influencers and media was Swedish artist Darin also treated
nya EAST, which featured electri- StayTrill, and Rachel Chinouriri, thanking fans for making her the perfect way to look back on guests to a live performance.
fying performances from Kesha football star Peter Crouch, and the most-streamed female Mex- the fun, music-focused cultural South Africa
and Normani, and a special early hosts from The Receipts Pod- ican artist. AI DJ Livi served as events of the year. In Johannesburg, attendees
2000s music DJ performance by cast were there to take in their host for the night. India were treated to dinner and
HAIM. The event boasted im- Wrapped results, as well as in- Indonesia Media, influencers, artists, a set of performances by top
mersive genre experiences that fluencers like Chloe Burrows, Bel For the second year running, podcasters, industry players, amapiano artists including
reflected some of the biggest Priestley, and Brooke & Jessie. we announced Indonesia top and select Premium Spotify Nkosazan Daughter, who was
trending moments of 2024, in- Argentina lists via a live broadcast, “Spotify users gathered for a top lists the most-streamed female art-
cluding electro pop, rap/hip-hop, We opened the doors to Wrapped Live Indonesia 2024,” reveal. Attendees were treat- ist in South Africa.
and música Mexicana. Casa Spotify Buenos Aires for on local broadcaster RCTI. Then ed to a performance by Vishal Africa and the Middle East
Guests included FINNEAS, St. a larger-than-life playground to we celebrated in person with Mishra, whose “Pehle Bhi Main” We’ll be bringing together
Vincent, Bishop Briggs, Victoria highlight our biggest moments more than 800 people and per- from the Bollywood film AN- local artists, influencers, and
Justice, Marissa Bode, Tana Mon- of the year. Emilia Mernes, the formances by Indonesian artists. IMAL was the most-streamed media for Wrapped events
geau, Landon Barker, Anastasia first female to take the top artist There was also an intimate din- track on Spotify locally in 2024. throughout December in Ken-
Karanikolaou, Lennon Stella, Nia spot in Argentina, and Luck Ra, ner that included a live perfor- Italy ya, Saudi Arabia, Egypt, Paki-
Sioux, Olivia O’Brien, Brett Neus- whose single “HOLA PERDIDA” mance by Teddy Adhitya. In Milan, we hosted the sec- stan, and Nigeria.
trom, and Emma Norton. was the most-listened-to song Thailand ond edition of “The Podcast Era,” How have you celebrated your
Samsung also hosted a live ac- of 2024 in Argentina, delighted For the first time ever, we a full-day live podcast summit Wrapped? To learn more about
tivation that featured customiz- the artists, creators, podcasters, introduced Spotify Wrapped event featuring panels, live pod- this year’s campaign and expe-
able merch, and a content capture and influencers in attendance. Live Thailand, a live broadcast casts, and talks with more than rience, visit our 2024 Wrapped
studio showcasing the impressive Mexico with more than 800 guests 800 podcasters, influencers, me- hub. ■
LIFESTYLE
People who are good at reading have different brains
By Mikael Roll, Lund The other was Heschl’s gyrus, that acts as an insulator for in good readers, it is still thinner sound and motor features are
University a fold on the upper temporal nerve fibres. It increases neural (but much more extended) than integrated into speech sounds.
The Conversation lobe which hosts the auditory communication speed and can the corresponding right cortex. It appears to correlate with a
cortex (the cortex is the outer- also insulate columns of brain This hypothesis was corrobo- thicker cortex in an area near
most layer of the brain). Bet- cells from each other. Neural col- rated in the recent research. The the left Heschl’s gyrus. While
The number of people who ter reading ability was linked umns are believed to function as left hemisphere had generally it is unclear to what extent
read for fun appears to be steadi- to a larger anterior part of the small processing units. larger but thinner cortical areas phonology is processed in Hes-
ly dropping. Fifty percent of UK temporal lobe in the left hemi- Their increased isolation and with a higher degree of myelin. chl’s gyrus, the fact that pho-
adults say they don’t read regu- sphere compared to the right. It rapid communication in the left So is thinner better, then? neticians often have multiple
larly (up from 42% in 2015) and makes sense that having a larger hemisphere can be thought to Again, the answer is no, not nec- left Heschl’s gyri suggests it is
almost one in four young people brain area dedicated to meaning enable the fast, categorical pro- essarily. Complex abilities that linked to speech sounds.
aged 16-24 say they’ve never makes it easier to understand cessing necessary for language. require integrating information Clearly, brain structure can
been readers, according to re- words and, therefore, to read. We need to know if a speaker tend to benefit from a thicker tell us a lot about reading skills.
search by The Reading Agency. What might seem less intui- uses the category d or t when cortex. The anterior temporal Importantly, though, the brain
But what are the implica- tive is that the auditory cortex saying dear or tear rather than lobe with its complex way of in- is malleable — it changes when
tions? Will people’s preference would be related to reading. Isn’t detecting the exact point where tegrating information is indeed we learn a new skill or practice
for video over text affect our reading mainly a visual skill? Not the vocal folds start vibrating. the thickest structure of all cor- an already acquired one.
brains or our evolution as a spe- only. To pair letters with speech According to the “balloon tical areas. An underlying mech- For instance, young adults
cies? What kind of brain struc- sounds, we first need to be aware model” of cortical growth, the anism might be the existence of who studied language intensive-
ture do good readers actually of the sounds of the language. larger amount of myelin squeez- more overlapping, interacting ly increased their cortical thick-
have? My new study, published This phonological awareness is es out left-hemispheric cortical neurons which process informa- ness in language areas. Similar-
in Neuroimage, has found out. a well-established precursor to areas, making them flatter but tion more holistically. ly, reading is likely to shape the
I analysed open-source data children’s reading development. more extended. So while the left Phonology is a highly com- structure of the left Heschl’s gy-
from more than 1,000 partici- A thinner left Heschl’s gyrus auditory cortex may be thicker plex skill, where different rus and temporal pole. So, if you
pants to discover that readers has previously been related to want to keep your Heschl’s thick
of varying abilities had distinct dyslexia, which involves severe and thriving, pick up a good
traits in brain anatomy. reading difficulties. My research book and start reading.
The structure of two regions shows that this variation in cor- Finally, it’s worth consider-
in the left hemisphere, which tical thickness does not draw ing what might happen to us
are crucial for language, were a simple dividing line between as a species if skills like reading
different in people who were people with or without dyslex- become less prioritised. Our
good at reading. ia. Instead, it spans the larger capacity to interpret the world
One was the anterior part of population, in which a thicker around us and understand the
the temporal lobe. The left tem- auditory cortex correlates with minds of others would surely
poral pole helps associate and more adept reading. diminish. In other words, that
categorise different types of Why size matters cosy moment with a book in
meaningful information. To as- Is thicker always better? When your armchair isn’t just person-
semble the meaning of a word it comes to cortical structure, no, al – it’s a service to humanity. ■
such as leg, this brain region as- not necessarily. We know the au-
sociates the visual, sensory and ditory cortex has more myelin in This article is republished
motor information conveying the left hemisphere of most peo- from The Conversation under a
how legs look, feel and move. ple. Myelin is a fatty substance Creative Commons license.
One Hundred Years..

17 about García Márquez cording to Professor Leslie largely associated with García of the son running straight al fantasy of rural Colombia’s
without mention- Bary, has focused on how this Márquez’s writing and with to his mother’s door after his past, Netflix’s One Hundred
ing magical realism. concept exoticises Latin Amer- One Hundred Years of Solitude death, the plague of insomnia Years of Solitude weaves its
While hotly contested, magi- ica, viewing Indigenous and in particular. and then amnesia that befalls magic on screen, and those
cal realism traditionally refers other cultural practices and The magical and supernat- Macondo – it also treats them who love the novel will not be
to literature where magical beliefs as supernatural and, ural elements of the novel are with respect and understand- disappointed. ■
events occur within a realist therefore, primitive. certainly something that the ing within the plotline, main-
narrative, and which are pre- Although its roots lie in Cu- Netflix series had to contend taining their visibility without This article is republished
sented as real to the characters ban author Alejo Carpentier’s with, but while the adaptation further comment. from The Conversation under a
and the reader. The Kingdom of This World, it keeps in all the fantastical ele- Through a faithful and de- Creative Commons license.
More recent criticism, ac- is undeniable that this genre is ments of the novel – the blood tailed retelling of this fiction-
20 LIFESTYLE FRIDAY December 13, 2024
The case for lying to kids about Santa

– from a philosopher
By Tom Whyman, University But now the tables have maybe bought months in ad- what? Emotionally healthier fight for a better world?
of Liverpool turned. Now I am a parent vance. What would be the point? than the children of parents who When the lying should end
The Conversation of young children, and I am This also bears on the ques- gifted them a moderately sug- And when our children do
the one enforcing hegemonic tion of to what extent one ar-coated sense of the world? finally see through the myth?
myths about Santa. ought to be honest with one’s Think of Nietzsche’s argument This is surely good for their
I have a vivid memory of the We all do it, of course. Our children in general. What, af- in his early essay On Truth and moral development as well.
moment I realised Santa didn’t culture expects parents, basical- ter all, would being “fully hon- Lies in a Non-Moral Sense, to the It was very positive for me to
exist. I was around six years old, ly, to lie to our children that their est” really mean? effect that we need to be at least realise that I had seen through
it was the height of summer, and presents were left by a jolly fat If I felt compelled to tell my somewhat deluded about reality my parents’ lies. I didn’t feel
I was sitting on the step outside man who flies in a sleigh pulled children everything, I would in order to be able to bear it. angry at them – and research
our back door, thinking about by reindeer through the sky. And pull no punches in relating the As we’re growing up, we suggests only a minority of
God. The existence of God, back so of course one might ask, is wretched state of the world, probably do on some level need children do, in this situa-
then, was something that an- this OK? We all surely want our of existence, of my still-deep- to believe that the world is good tion. Instead, I was left with
noyed me: it meant that every children to grow up to be honest ening resignation that nothing and just: the sort of place where a healthy suspicion for the re-
Sunday, we had to go to church. people. Shouldn’t we set a good positive can be done about it. a jolly man runs a workshop ceived wisdom being ventrilo-
Then I realised: there isn’t example, as far as possible, by I would inflict the full brunt of staffed by elves, rewarding the quised by my parents.
actually any evidence God ex- telling them the truth? my money worries, my health nice children and (lightly) pun- This I guess is the extent to
ists. I only think God exists, be- To which I would say: well, concerns, my (mostly irratio- ishing the naughty. which I think lying about San-
cause this is something people no. We shouldn’t be honest nal) worries about them. If not, would youngsters ta is justified. Parents should
have told me. about Santa – at least not at And this would leave them, really find it in themselves to surely maintain the myth while
I remember bounding up, excit- first. It is morally OK, to the their children remain small, but
ed, ready to share with my family point of being actively morally answer honestly when confront-
this wonderful news. No longer good, for parents to participate ed directly. When a child finally
would we be forced to endure in the grand Santa lie. asks, at the age of six or seven, “is
the drudgery of weekly Sunday Why kids need Santa Santa real?” – that’s when they
schools and sermons. But then I When you think back to your no longer need the noble lie.
remember checking myself and first experiences of Christmas, do Ultimately in raising chil-
thinking, oh no. If God doesn’t ex- you really think they would have dren, our concern should al-
ist, by the same logic, Santa must been improved if your parents ways be with how we are shap-
be made up as well. had been honest about Santa? ing them. If we want to raise
Perhaps this was the moment Without that sweet embellish- critical citizens, with a power-
I became a philosopher (though ment, there would be no ritual ful sense that the world can be
I should say that as an adult, I of writing to him, of leaving out improved – and with a healthy
no longer think that the analo- sherry and mince pies, of waiting suspicion of those in charge –
gy between God and Santa re- desperately to see if “he’s been” the Santa myth is surely one
ally holds). Certainly it gave me on Christmas morning. mechanism through which this
a slightly ridiculous sense of my Without the Santa myth, what might possibly be achieved. ■
intellectual superiority to those would Christmas for the average
around me – not least the oth- child even be? An arbitrary date This article is republished
er kids in my class who hadn’t when they are finally allowed to from The Conversation under a
seen through this hoax. play with presents their parents Creative Commons license.
DOH cautions vs. eating salty, fatty,

sweet dishes during holidays
By Ma. Teresa Montemayor and other non-communicable "Iyong matatabang pagkain discipline for healthy behaviors. over those with soup and sauces.
Philippine News Agency diseases like obesity which na kinakain natin nagbabara To avoid the dangers of food "Mas madali kasing mapanis
could result in heart problems. iyan ‘no, nagiging cholesterol poisoning, the DOH reminded iyong may sarsa (Food with sauc-
"Kapag tumaas ang presyon plaques sa ating mga ugat sa Filipinos to observe the best es gets spoiled easily)," he said.
MANILA – The Department ng dugo, habang tumatagal puso at iyon ‘yung magiging practices when cooking food to Proper serving and storage
of Health (DOH) on Monday re- lalo na kung matanda, actually sanhi noong tinatawag na heart be served at family gatherings also play an important role in
minded Filipinos to observe cau- hindi nga matagal eh, mabilis attack (The fatty foods that we and parties. food spoilage.
tion when consuming foods with na baka maputukan ng ugat, eat become cholesterol plaques Domingo said it is important He noted food dishes may be
too much salt, fats and sugar nagkakaroon tayo ng stroke blocking the arteries and causes that fresh ingredients -- vegeta- covered and placed inside the
during this season of festivities. na sinasabi sa utak (Prolonged heart attack)," he added. bles, fish, and meats -- are used refrigerator once cooled off to
DOH spokesperson Assistant high blood pressure especially The DOH urges Filipinos to in cooking dishes. extend shelf life. ■
Secretary Albert Domingo said among the elderly could lead observe a healthy Christmas When taking home foods from
these types of food can cause to rupture of nerves in the by eating the right foods, exer- parties, he said to choose those
high blood pressure, diabetes brain or stroke)," he said. cising regularly, and practicing that have been grilled or fried
FRIDAY December 13, 2024 LIFESTYLE 21
How To Do Christmas & Hanukkah This Year

By Matte Laurel-Zalko dinner, Papi and I meet up mas parties and/or start your
again with my son and we have own annual Christmas party
our Christmas Day family din- with your tribe. One of the ways
Christmas 2024 is literally ner again in another restaurant. to get into the festive spirit is
just around the corner! Here in We don’t exchange gifts as a by attending Christmas parties.
Vancouver, we just finished cel- family. We prefer to create fun Don’t miss out on your company
ebrating Taylor Swift’s last leg memories as a family. We are all Yuletide party — it’s a great way
of her successful ERAS tour and foodies — the two men in my to bond with your colleagues and
we are so grateful that she chose life and I love to bond over food! strengthen teamwork. Also, why
Vancouver as her last stop. Talk We take turns choosing where not start your own annual Christ-
about saving the best for last! to dine on our Sunday family mas party with your tribe? And
And it couldn’t have been timed dinners. Papi and I are empty make it a theme party!
better because Taylor Swift did nesters and my only son William Pose for your yearly family
it so close to the festive season. has been living independently holiday photo. This has become
The ERAS tour was definite- in his own flat since he was 21. my family’s favourite tradition!
ly the perfect way to kick start As much as possible, we love to Every year, we pose in front of
the merriest season of the year spend time as a family on a week- a huge Christmas tree dressed
in Vancouver! And for Maria in ly basis. The Yuletide season is a in our finest. I love having our
Vancouver, Christmas has al- family favourite because we get photos taken as a family. I have
ways been her most favourite to spend more time with each an album filled with our family
holiday and she has her own other and not just once a week! photos. And I love looking at
yearly Yuletide tradition that she December is not just for these photos, it truly warms my
does with her own little family. Christmas in our family. My hus- heart to see my son and my hus-
Christmas celebrations for band is a proud Jew so we get band with their happy and smil-
Maria and her family starts to celebrate Hanukkah with his rangement, fill up some glossy Exchange practical gifts. ing faces through the years!
with her annual Christmas par- side of the family. We usually blue bowls with gelts (chocolate When exchanging gifts, be mind- Donate to the Food Bank or
ty with her Sisterhood Tribe. It spend Hanukkah at the home of gold coins), Hanukkah lights ful of what your family or friends volunteer in your community as
is usually held in the beautiful my brother-in-law. His wife does and wreaths, and why not make would like to have. Give a gift a family. Perhaps find time during
home of one of her girlfriends. an amazing spread of delicious it a blue and white themed de- that is practical and something Christmas Day to volunteer in
Everyone brings their own dish food! I love how we get togeth- cor? By decorating our home they can really use and enjoy. your community to serve lunch
and there’s the yearly Secret er as a Jewish family and gather with festive ornaments, we get Why not exchange homemade to the homeless. Go as a family to
Santa that my Sisterhood Tribe around the dining table as we into a joyous and festive spirit! cookies as gifts with your girl- do grocery shopping and donate
and I love to do! We even make sing hymns, pray, we read from Spend time with your loved friends? Buy matching pyjamas your groceries to your nearby
our gift exchange fun by incor- the Torah, and light the meno- ones! Spending quality time for your kids and partner. Buy food bank. Giving back to your
porating classic games such as rah. We indulge in the delicious with your loved ones shouldn’t your Mom’s favourite scent. Buy community is a great way to cel-
White Elephant or Pass the gift. Jewish cuisine such as the latkes be limited to Christmas or Ha- your Dad tickets to his favour- ebrate Christmas and Hanukkah.
Christmas Eve dinner is reserved (potato pancakes), sufganiyot nukkah season, it should be all ite concert or games. Buy your Now more than ever, find
for my little family — my two (doughnuts with jam), beef bris- year round. Life is short. Happi- granny a new sweater. Buy your time to make sure to spread
boys: my unico hijo William and ket, roast chicken, matzah ball ness is a collection of memories grandpa that new thriller book. love and kindness to others.
my husband, my Papi. Because soup, challah (dairy free egg and created and shared with fam- Do more self reflection. Fes- Not everyone will be complete
there’s only the three of us here sugar enriched braided bread ily and friends. Quality time is tive season is always the right this holiday season. Be mind-
in Vancouver (my husband has loaf), keftes (vegetable patties), the best gift we can give to our time to do some soul searching ful of what others are going
another older son — my step- rugelach (flaky filled cookies), loved ones. Nothing is better or self reflection. Dig deep into through. Be kind, be empathet-
son — but he is based in Austra- and babka (yeasted bread with than going home to family and yourself and get to know your- ic. The good you do for others
lia with his wife and children), sweet fillings). eating good food and relaxing self better. Use this time of the is the good you do for yourself.
we usually reserve at one of I’d like to share a few ideas in each other’s company! Cele- year to create a gratitude diary. The true spirit of Christmas and
our favourite restaurants where on how to do Christmas and brate the whole month of De- Be thankful for the gift of life Hanukkah is about doing some-
we enjoy a three-hour sit down Hanukkah this year. And here cember with your loved ones, and good health. Be grateful that thing a little extra, a little special
dinner. It is our yearly Yuletide are some exciting ideas: make it as an excuse to spend you have family and friends. Be for someone. The idea of a mer-
tradition to have dinners togeth- Start with decorating your more time with each other. grateful that you have a job. Take ry Christmas or a happy Hanuk-
er as a family on Christmas Eve, home with Christmas and Create a new family tradition this time to create a list of things kah is simple: it’s about loving
Christmas Day, Hanukkah, Box- Hanukkah decor. Make this a or stick to your old and tested you want to achieve for the com- others and spreading kindness.
ing Day, and New Year’s Day. yearly tradition with your fami- family tradition. You can start ing year. Create a list of things I shall end this article with
Christmas Day is a day spent ly. I do this with my little family. a new tradition such as doing a you want to change in your life. a powerful quote from Bill
relaxing; Papi and I indulge in My husband, my son William pyjama party and watch movies Host a Christmas movie Vaughan, “The best of all gifts
our slow Christmas morning in and I would usually spend the together; spend one day a week marathon complete with pop- around any Christmas tree: the
bed watching news or a Christ- last Sunday in November put- playing board games; go to a corns and eggnogs. Invite your presence of a happy family all
mas movie and sleeping in. We ting up our Christmas tree and Christmas market and turn it into friends to a Christmas themed wrapped up in each other.“ ■
usually go for a walk around decorating it! We’re not allowed a fun filled day; or start filling a dinner, serve eggnogs for cock-
our neighbourhood and we like to have a live tree in our con- jar with gratitude notes and read tails, have everyone dressed up Matte Laurel-Zalko is a former
to shop for fruits and vegeta- do so we have an artificial one. what you wrote on Christmas or with their Christmas sweaters, restaurateur and hotelier, a moth-
bles in our public market, the Decorate your home with co- Hanukkah day! Or you can also and watch a couple of Christ- er, a wife, a health and wellness
famous Granville Island Public lourful lights, poinsettias and choose to continue your family’s mas movies. Oh and don’t for- aficionado, food and wine enthu-
Market. We usually have our Christmas stockings! As per Ha- old and tested tradition such as get the flavoured popcorns or siast, a dog-lover, and lifestyle col-
late brunch in one of the cafe nukkah decor ideas — have a attending the Midnight Mass or even plain buttery ones! umnist exclusively for Philippine
bistros in Granville Island. For wonderful eucalyptus plant ar- the lighting of the menorah. Attend your company Christ- Canadian Inquirer (PCI).
22 FRIDAY December 13, 2024
SPORTS
What Father David Bauer can tell us
about Canadian hockey today
By Matt Hoven, University of in Toronto and went on to win possession play. son through virtues of hockey — This vision of hockey is one
Alberta a Memorial Cup champion- He learned from both his courage, judgment, prudence, that promotes unity of the body
The Conversation ship as a player and later as a family and the Basilian sport- fortitude, teamwork and fair and spirit, where everyone in
coach. Meanwhile, he became ing tradition that hockey is also play,” he said, they would im- hockey should care about play-
a priest of the Basilian Fathers an educational experience. He prove as a hockey player. ers’ physical development and
More than 50 years ago, the and notably established Cana- argued that sport properly di- This perspective stood in the growth of their personality
late Father David Bauer point- da’s national hockey team. rected could assist young peo- contrast to the priorities of and inner life.
ed out that studies and reports It was the first time Canada ple and strengthen communi- those who only cared about the As stated to a reporter pri-
on problems in Canadian ice was represented internationally ties. To a reporter, he added a final score and the bottom line. or to the 1988 Calgary Winter
hockey have had a “character- with a hockey team composed not-so-subtle challenge to the To “capture the fleeting ideal- Olympics, he believed that “in
istic ineffectiveness.” of players from across the na- status quo in Canadian hockey: ism of our youth,” Bauer asked a small way, hockey can im-
This was because they have tion. The national team played “If we say economics are the hockey coaches to learn from the prove the world.” Bauer’s way
“come from outside the struc- at three Winter Olympics and only thing that counts, which young people playing the game, was to recognize the limita-
ture of organized hockey and several international tourna- the NHL keeps saying, we’re in as if to reawaken the aspirations tions of sport and put it in its
they have been isolated efforts.” ments under Bauer’s leadership. serious trouble.” of their own childhood by sup- proper perspective: to specify
Those inside the game tend to He was also the longest-serv- The national team and Bauer porting the dreams of youth. that hockey is not everything
get “impatient with well-meaning original member of the were early advocates for coach- Bauer was not a dreamer, how- and, at the same time, that it
ing outsiders” who often “over- Hockey Canada Corporation ing clinics that could improve ever. For him, economics should could make a real contribution
simplify” the issues at hand. board from 1969 to 1988. He the level of play in Canada. This not be the sole standard by which to the lives of Canadians.
Bauer was born just over 100 was among the first recipients was something that later nation- to measure the sport. He also Hockey needs to state its val-
years ago. Some have called of the Order of Canada and was al team coaches actively promot- was critical of an overly violent ues and organize itself accord-
him the moral conscience of posthumously named to the ed into the 1990s. Bauer’s motto form of the game. He questioned ingly. By having a Bauer-like
hockey; others saw him as Hockey Hall of Fame in 1989. — “use technique, but let the scientific and technological ad- approach to hockey, sporting
the father of Canada’s hock- Although he was a celebrated spirit prevail” — affirmed the vancements that did not consid- bodies, coaches and players
ey team. There are arenas in hockey personality, Bauer had importance of better skills, tac- er human values. “Know how” can reckon with the challenges
Vancouver and Calgary named serious misgivings about the way tics and conditioning along with is meaningless by itself: “It is a facing the game.
after him, while a major street hockey was run and organized. promoting the spirit and person- means without an end,” he said. “Hockey is not the most im-
in downtown Waterloo, Ont., is He argued about the education- ality of the individual player. He demanded that coaches portant thing around…[but] it
dedicated to him. al needs of young men in junior Solutions for Canadian understand the values and spir- might be that it is the most Ca-
Bauer’s 1973 depiction of hockey with Toronto Maple hockey today it they wished to promote in nadian thing,” he said. This state-
Canadian hockey as “complex” Leafs owner Conn Smythe. He Bauer was uneasy about any hockey. His was an athlete-cen- ment reflects Bauer’s attempt to
and constantly in “rapid tran- advised top junior players, like model that focused on skill de- tred approach. He wanted the put hockey into its proper per-
sition” feels remarkably similar Dave Keon and Gerry Cheevers, velopment and neglected the game to “be motivated by a spective: a Canadian sporting
to the state of the game today. in contract negotiations, leading development of the total person. habitual vision of greatness, to activity that in its own way can
As detailed in my recent Maple Leafs general manager His overarching goal for youth help each person we meet have improve people’s lives. ■
book, Hockey Priest: Father Punch Imlach to famously re- playing hockey was to instill a positive self-image, inner dis-
David Bauer and the Spirit of tort: “That man should no more them with what he saw as the cipline, a sense of loyalty, and This article is republished
the Canadian Game, Bauer be a priest than me.” virtues of the game. If a young responsibility to themselves from The Conversation under a
brought change to the sport Bauer set before the Canadi- player could improve “as a per- and society.” Creative Commons license
through his work as a coach, an public a different vision of
manager and philosopher. the game in contrast to overly
Today, Canadian hockey commercialized hockey that
faces a number of challenges, was simply viewed as enter-
from new eligibility rules in ju- tainment. He saw no need for
nior and college hockey to calls fist-fighting in the game, espe-
for greater inclusion across the cially goonism.
sport and alleged cover-ups of He promoted a game of
abuse, to a decline in youth speed and checking without
participation. With questions physical intimidation, and be-
swirling about the state of lieved the game ought to be
hockey in Canada, it is valu- more of an art form than a
able to hear from a central crash-and-bang event on ice.
historical figure whose insights He commented that “too much
can help reshape its future. board-thumping hockey” be-
Bauer and the national team came popular in the post-Sec-
Bauer played junior hockey ond World War period and was
at St. Michael’s College-School pleased to see the rise of puck
BUSINESS
Farmers’ markets are a vital but overlooked
part of fixing Canada’s struggling food system
By Phoebe Stephens, like farmers’ markets. es during the pandemic, they tics Canada’s monthly average have reported record profits,
Dalhousie University, Alyssa Our recent study addressed demonstrated nimbleness and retail prices over a five-year vendors in farmers’ markets
K Gerhardt, Dalhousie this topic by exploring how resilience that needs to be bet- period (2018-23). Our findings operate differently, even at the
University food prices have changed in ter recognized by policymakers. revealed that inflation rates for expense of their margins.
The Conversation farmers’ markets compared Understanding how farmers’ the majority of selected food While the absorption of
to mainstream grocery retail markets fit into the current land- items were higher in main- these costs is unsustainable for
since the pandemic’s onset. scape is important for building stream grocery stores than in many local producers, it speaks
Since the onset of the pandem- Resilient food systems more secure and resilient food farmers’ markets. The selected to the increased accountabili-
ic, food prices have remained Farmers’ markets provide a host systems, especially considering food items included tomatoes, ty vendors feel when they are
stubbornly high, even as grocery of benefits to both consumers and climate change will likely ex- onions, eggs, salad greens, car- selling to the communities they
chains have made record profits. farmers. They offer a localized al- acerbate the vulnerabilities of rots, apples, strawberries, cab- themselves are embedded in.
This has fuelled public frustration ternative to global supply chains, global, uniform food systems. bage, potatoes and broccoli. In this sense, farmers’ markets
with so-called “greedflation"— a which are often susceptible to de- Farmers’ markets shield In interviews, farmers’ market demonstrated greater resilience
term describing large corpora- lays and shortages. consumers vendors cited rising input costs as they adapted to the shock of
tions raising their prices during Resilience — broadly de- Using pilot data and inter- as a driver of price increases. the pandemic but maintained
times of crisis. fined as the capacity of a sys- views with farmers’ market However, unlike large retailers, the core function of the food sys-
In response, Canada’s Competi- tem to withstand, recover and vendors, our study provides they noted that their profit mar- tem — ensuring access to food.
tion Bureau has made the case for adapt from disruptions while much-needed nuance in the on- gins were shrinking as they ab- Calls for policy changes
more grocery retail competition, maintaining essential functions going debate around food pric- sorbed costs instead of passing As a part of our study, we
recommending policies from the — is crucial for ensuring sus- es, competition and food sys- the full burden onto consumers. asked farmers’ market vendors
creation of a grocery innovation tained access to safe and nutri- tem resilience. We interviewed This highlights a significant how they and local food systems
strategy to welcoming more in- tious food for communities. 223 vendors across Canada. contrast between food systems: could be better supported. They
ternational players and enacting However, the highly concen- Our study compared Statis- while major grocery chains frequently emphasized the need
consistent pricing legislation. trated, industrial food system for appropriate regulations. Ven-
Absent from this policy con- has demonstrated a notable dors said requiring local produc-
versation, however, is the role lack of resilience. It has failed ers to meet the same regulations
of local alternative food net- to maintain its core function of as industrial food producers was
works, like farmers’ markets, in ensuring access to food. a burden to many of them.
supporting more resilient food One reason for this lack of resil- Vendors also said that improved
systems. We currently have ience in the mainstream food sys- local food infrastructure would
an incomplete picture of food tem is the extremely high levels of help local producers increase
price dynamics in Canada be- corporate concentration. Diversity their capacities and market reach.
cause of a research gap. — the opposite of uniformity that Suggestions included providing
While the federal government comes from such concentration access to commercial kitchens at
has just launched a grocery af- — is a cornerstone of resilience. low-rent costs, regional food dis-
fordability tool to provide more Local food systems tend to be tribution sites and food hubs.
transparency around pricing, more diverse than mainstream Finally, they said incentive
little is known about food price ones. While they also expe-
dynamics in local food systems rienced significant challeng- PAGE 30 Farmers’ markets
Canada opens export credit agency in PH

By Joyce Ann L. Rocamora The state-run export credit Indo-Pacific region,” EDC pres- for the Philippines and Canada the only foreign export credit
Philippine News Agency agency formally announced its ident and chief executive offi- wants to be part of that.” agency from a G7 country in
opening at the Canadian Embas- cer Mairead Lavery said. To date, the EDC has 11 of- the Philippines.
sy in Manila during a plenary ses- “Financially, economically, I fices across the world, including Among the EDC’s initial ac-
MANILA – Canadian compa- sion for a visiting Canadian Trade think your government is also those in Vietnam and Singapore. tivities is the signing of a mem-
nies looking to expand into the Mission in Manila on Thursday. really trying to be easier for Canadian Minister of Ex- orandum of understanding with
Philippine market are set to get “We’ve been thinking about businesses to establish here. So, port Promotion, International San Miguel Corp. to start facil-
a boost as the Export Develop- this for four years. One of our the ease of doing business has Trade and Economic Develop- itating meetings between Filipi-
ment Canada (EDC) opened its strategic priorities was to grow really improved, and just at this ment Mary Ng said the open- no and Canadian companies. ■
new office in Manila. business for Canadians in the point, it is a really exciting time ing is “historic” as the EDC is
24 BUSINESS FRIDAY December 13, 2024
World Bank expects robust growth of PH economy

By Anna Leah Gonzales er-than-expected growth in the try poverty line of USD3.65 could further weaken domestic consumption if it is not well
Philippine News Agency third quarter of 2024. per day, 2017 PPP (purchasing demand, could have negative managed.
"But over the term, strong power parity) is projected to spill-overs on the Philippines Adverse weather conditions
growth is going to put the coun- decrease from 15.5 percent in and other countries in the re- may also hamper farm produc-
MANILA – Growth of the try in a better position to continue 2023 to 13.6 percent to 11.3 gion, hitting trade, manufac- tion and cause disruptions for
Philippine economy is expect- advancing on poverty reduction, percent by 2026. turing, and tourism. tourism, construction, and in-
ed to remain robust despite supported mainly by improve- Risks to growth "The third key risk downside dustrial activities.
heightened geopolitical ten- ments in household incomes and The PEU, however, flagged that we flag is intensification of Policy recommendations
sions in the Middle East, the also by job creation," he said. local and global risks that conflict, particularly in geopolit- To unlock sustainable growth
World Bank said. Philippine economic growth could hamper growth in the ical tensions in the Middle East, in the long term, Al-Rikabi cit-
In its Philippine Econom- is expected to accelerate to 6.1 near term. could impact on commodity ed the importance of accelerat-
ic Update (PEU) released on percent in 2025 and 6 percent "The first key downside prices, which of course would ing digital transformation.
Tuesday, the World Bank said in 2026. risk is increased uncertainty have inflationary effects in terms “Advancing the digital econ-
Philippine economic growth is The World Bank's report said with respect to trade distorted of both food and fuel for the omy, including by encouraging
projected to grow at an aver- the outlook will be anchored on measures introduced by large Philippines," Al-Rikabi said. greater adoption of core dig-
age of 6 percent over 2024 to improving conditions for pri- economies that could drag on Within the Philippines, the ital technologies by business-
2026 which will help sustain vate domestic demand such as growth," Al-Rikabi said. World Bank said higher infla- es, can expand the country’s
poverty reduction. easing inflation, more accom- He added the slump in Chi- tion could also erode people’s growth potential. Increased
"The Philippines is expected modative monetary policy, and na's property sector, which incomes and constrain private digitalization could provide
to continue growing in a robust the government’s commitment expanded market access, build
way, to continue being among to sustained public investment. resilience to economic shocks,
the fastest growing countries in According to the World Bank, and increase the country’s pro-
the region and we are expecting robust growth is expected to ductivity, efficiency, and com-
an average 6% growth over the boost poverty reduction due to petitiveness,” he said.
next three years 2024-2026," improvements in household in- Investing in human capital
World Bank lead economist Gon- comes, strong job creation, and is just as crucial for the Phil-
zalo Varela said in a separate continuing economic recovery. ippines to sustain its growth
briefing held at the World Bank "More jobs have been created and seize the opportunity for a
office in Bonifacio Global City. as of recently. Now these jobs, ‘demographic dividend,’ which
The World Bank projects the economic recovery and the will only last for the next 20–
Philippine economic growth to government's continued social 25 years, Al-Rikabi added.
settle at 5.9 percent in 2024, protection programs has meant He said the Philippines stands
slightly lower than the earlier that poverty rates have also out as one of the few East Asian
6 percent forecast. declined," World Bank Senior ROBUST GROWTH. World Bank external affairs officer David Llorito, lead economist nations that can potentially
Varela said the revision was Economist Jaffar Al-Rikabi said. Gonzalo Varela, and senior economist Jaffar Al-Rikabi (left to right) hold a briefing on achieve prosperity before its
due to the impact of adverse Poverty incidence based on Tuesday (Dec. 10, 2024) at the World Bank office in Bonifacio Global City, to discuss population ages significantly. ■
weather events that led to low- the lower-middle-income coun- the latest Philippine Economic Update of the World Bank. (ANNA LEAH GONZALES/PNA)
New laws to boost tourism industry,

enhance food security
By Anna Leah Gonzales cultural Tariffication Act. The law states that goods the Code. hance the country's appeal to
Philippine News Agency In a statement, Recto said RA should be purchased by for- “It is high time that the Phil- international visitors.
12078 enhances the capabilities eign tourists in duly accredited ippines catches up with coun- "The enactment of the VAT re-
of the government to protect Fil- stores in person and should be tries around the world that have fund law for non-resident tourists
MANILA – Government of- ipino consumers by extending taken out of the country by the long implemented a standard is a direct response to the clam-
ficials are optimistic about the market interventions to stabilize tourist within 60 days from the VAT refund system. This strate- or from local tourism groups,
country's economic prospects rice prices during periods of vol- date of purchase. gic initiative aims to encourage demonstrating our government’s
following the enactment of two atility and to prevent manipula- The value of goods purchased foreign tourists to spend more responsiveness to our stakehold-
laws which aim to boost tourism tive pricing and hoarding. per transaction should be equiv- in our country, stimulating our ers," Go said in a statement.
and strengthening food security. “The refinements to the Rice alent to at least PHP3,000 but domestic economy," Recto said. "By encouraging substantial
Finance Secretary Ralph Rec- Tariffication Law are essential the Secretary of Finance may ad- "With increased tourism spending from tourists, we aim
to said on Monday that he is for the effective management just this threshold upon recom- spending, we will have high- to drive economic growth and
optimistic about the country's of the Filipino household’s fun- mendation of the Commissioner er revenues to collect and we create more opportunities for
economic growth prospects in damental staple,” Recto said. of the Bureau of Internal Reve- can create more jobs, raise in- our people,” he added.
2025 following President Ferdi- RA 12079, meanwhile, intro- nue (BIR), taking into consider- comes, and accelerate econom- The BIR, likewise, noted that
nand R. Marcos Jr.'s signing into duces Section 112-A in the Na- ation the consumer price index. ic growth,” he added. the VAT refund for tourist is an
law of Republic Act (RA) 12079 tional Internal Revenue Code Refunds may be made elec- Special Assistant to the Pres- attractive feature for foreigners
or the Value-Added Tax (VAT) (NIRC) of the Philippines, tronically or in cash and shall ident for Investment and Eco- who want to save money on pur-
Refund Mechanism for Non-Res- which states that tourists shall be drawn out from the Special nomic Affairs Secretary Fred- chases made during their stay,
ident Tourists Act and RA 12078 be eligible for VAT refunds on Account in the General Fund as rick Go, meanwhile, said the
or the Amendments to the Agri- locally purchased goods. provided under Section 106 of VAT refund law will help en- PAGE 27 New laws to
FRIDAY December 13, 2024 BUSINESS 25
Unemployment Canada, PH eyeing to begin

drops to 3.9%; FTA exploratory talks soon
NEDA vows By Joyce Ann L. Rocamora an indication that interest in nounced some landmark
Philippine News Agency the Philippines is there. achievements during the visit,
continued jobs “A lot of the times, you negoti-
ate an FTA so that you can begin
including the contract signing
between the Canadian firm
growth MANILA – The Canadian and

Philippine governments are ex-
pected to launch an exploratory
to create the conditions for busi-
nesses to come— here, the busi-
nesses are already here. You’re
FreeBalance and the Depart-
ment of Budget and Manage-
ment to enhance the latter’s fi-
dialogue on a bilateral free trade always seeing the interest in the nancial management systems.
By Kris Crismundo wholesale and retail trade, agri- agreement (FTA) in early 2025. Philippines and that already will In addition, Canada is also set
Philippine News Agency culture, and forestry, were seek- Canadian Minister of Export give us a lot of momentum for to sign an administrative agree-
ing more working hours. Promotion, International Trade FTA discussions,” she said. ment under its nuclear cooper-
Meanwhile, the 10-month and Economic Development Ng is leading the Canadian ation deal with the Philippines.
MANILA – The country's underemployment rate slipped Mary Ng made the announce- Trade Mission to Manila from “This will build on our work
unemployment rate fell to 3.9 to 13.3 percent this year from ment during a plenary session Dec. 4 to 6, which brings more in the region through the trade
percent in October, down from 13.6 percent in the same peri- in Taguig City for the visiting than 300 Canadian exporters, gateway for nuclear develop-
4.2 percent in the same month od in 2023. Canadian trade mission to the innovators, and Canadian of- ment for the Indo-Pacific. And,
last year, the Philippine Statis- Balisacan reiterated the gov- Philippines on Dec. 5. ficials to meet with Filipino as a tier one nuclear nation
tics Authority reported Friday. ernment’s commitment to gen- “Our businesses that are here counterparts.
In a statement, the National erating quality employment in the region, here in the Philip- At the plenary, Ng also an- PAGE 27 Canada, PH eyeing
Economic and Development Au- through new laws and initiatives, pines in particular, the businesses
thority (NEDA) said the decrease including the CREATE MORE Act always say that they want pre-
reflects continued improvement and the upcoming Trabaho Para dictability, they want certainty,
in the country’s labor market, sa Bayan Plan, which will guide and they want that through FTAs,
with total employment rising efforts to strengthen the labor free trade agreements,” she said.
to 48.2 million, an increase of market in the coming years. “(Trade) Secretary (Maria
369,000 from the previous year. “With these policies in place, we Cristina) Roque and I, we are
The full-year unemployment are confident that we can further going to begin exploratory dis-
rate stood at 4.3 percent, surpass- enhance the labor market and cussions for a Canada- Philip-
ing the government's 2024 target create more and better-quality in- pines FTA,” she disclosed.
of 4.4 percent to 4.7 percent. come opportunities for Filipinos. Ng said the two states are
NEDA added that job gener- This aligns with our goal of foster- set to meet at the beginning of
ation from January to October ing sustainable and resilient eco- 2025 for the initial talks.
was approximately 600,000. nomic growth for the country, even The minister noted that Ca- CANADA-PH FTA. Canadian Minister of Export Promotion, International Trade and
“The latest survey results show as we navigate disruptions, such as nadian businesses are already Economic Development Mary Ng addresses Canadian and Filipino business representatives
positive employment outcomes, AI and other emerging technologi- well-positioned in the country, at a plenary session in Taguig City on Thursday. (JOYCE ANN ROCAMORA/PNA)
with notable progress in reduc- cal advancements,” he said.

ing unemployment,” NEDA Sec- “The Marcos administration
retary Arsenio Balisacan said. is working tirelessly to fast-track
“Full-year headline figures the critical infrastructure proj-
reflect sustained improvement
but underscore the need to in-
ects in key sectors, such as con-
nectivity, telecommunications, Korean won worst performer
tensify efforts to create more energy, and water to generate
and better-quality jobs."
On the other hand, the un-
more income opportunities.
Additionally, we are prioritizing among major peers over
deremployment rate in October the upskilling and reskilling of
increased to 12.6 percent from
11.7 percent in the same month
our workforce to equip Filipino
workers with the knowledge
martial law
last year. This means about and capabilities needed in to-
486,000 individuals, mostly in day’s dynamic job market.” ■ Yonhap to data compiled by Yonhap In- Yoon declared emergency mar-
Philippine News Agency fomax, Yonhap News Agency's tial law in a surprise late-night
financial information arm. televised address, and has
The won was down 1.86 per- stayed at the 1,400 won level.
SEOUL – The South Korean cent against the greenback Friday On Friday, the local currency
currency was the worst per- from a week earlier, the worst per- was quoted at 1,419.20 won
former around the globe last former among major currencies. against the greenback at 3:30
week as the political turmoil The Australian dollar lost p.m., down 4.1 won from the
following President Yoon Suk 1.32 percent and the Chinese previous session.
Yeol's short-lived declaration of yuan fell 0.36 percent against "The political developments
martial law has affected senti- the U.S. dollar, while the Jap- have further dented investor
ment, data showed Sunday. anese yuan and the British sentiment, already affected by
The Korean won dropped by pound gained 0.1 percent and concerns about the semicon-
24.5 won per dollar over the 0.26 percent, respectively. ductor industry cycle and un-
past week, the sharpest week- The won plunged to 1,442 certainty stemming from Don-
ly fall since the third week of won, the lowest since October ald Trump's tariff policy," said
Employers interview applicants, some of whom are hired on the spot, during a jobs January when the currency 2022, during offshore intraday Moon Jeong-hee, an economist
fair at a Marikina City mall on Labor Day Monday (May 1, 2023). (JOEY O. RAZON/PNA)
dropped 25.5 won, according trading Wednesday, hours after from KB Kookmin Bank. ■
TECHNOLOGY
What is Salt Typhoon? A security expert explains
the Chinese hackers and their attack on
US telecommunications networks
By Richard Forno, University el of concern is noteworthy. that can help those targets try penetrated its targets was funded to meet their needs and
of Maryland, Baltimore Chinese officials have denied to evade such surveillance. through existing weaknesses ensure that best practices are im-
County the allegations that they’re be- On Dec. 3, the Cybersecuri- with the infrastructure. As I’ve plemented. The Federal Commu-
The Conversation hind this operation, as they ty and Infrastructure Security written previously, failing to nications Commission is already
have in response to allegations Agency, National Security Agen- implement basic cybersecurity threatening companies with fines
about previous cyberattacks. cy and FBI, along with their best practices can lead to de- for failing to bolster their defens-
Cyberattacks linked to the As a cybersecurity researcher, I counterparts in Australia, New bilitating incidents for organi- es against Chinese hacking.
Chinese government that com- find this attack is indeed breath- Zealand and Canada, released zations of all sizes. Given how Although any illicit surveil-
promised large portions of the taking in its scope and severity. guidance to the public on how dependent the world is on net- lance is concerning, the average
American telecommunications But it’s not surprising that such to address the Salt Typhoon at- worked information systems, American probably has little to
network have the U.S. govern- an incident took place. Many or- tack. Their Enhanced Visibility it is more important than ever worry about from Salt Typhoon.
ment sounding the alarm. The ganizations of all sizes still fail to and Hardening Guidance for to maintain cybersecurity pro- It’s unlikely that your family
chair of the Senate Intelligence follow good cybersecurity prac- Communications Infrastructure grams that make it difficult for phone calls or text messages
Committee, Sen. Mark War- tices, have limited resources, or guide essentially reiterates best attacks to succeed, especially to friends are of interest to the
ner (D-VA), has called it the operate IT infrastructures that cybersecurity practices for orga- for critical infrastructure like Chinese government. However,
“worst telecom hack in our na- are too complex to effectively nizations that could help miti- the phone network. if you want to increase your se-
tion’s history” and noted that monitor, manage and secure. gate the impact of Salt Typhoon In addition to following the curity and privacy a bit, consid-
it makes prior cyberattacks by How bad is it? or future copycat attacks. best practices guidance issued er using end-to-end encrypted
Russian operatives look like Salt Typhoon exploited tech- It does, however, include rec- by the Cybersecurity and Infra- messaging services like Signal,
“child’s play” by comparison. nical vulnerabilities in some of ommendations to protect specific structure Security Agency earlier FaceTime or Messages.
The complex cyberattack, car- the cybersecurity products like telecommunication equipment this week, organizations should Also make sure you’re not
ried out by a group of Chinese firewalls used to protect large for some of the Cisco products remain vigilant. They should using default or easily guessed
hackers dubbed Salt Typhoon, organizations. Once inside the that were targeted in this attack. monitor not only the news for passwords on your devices,
began as far back as 2022. Its network, the attackers used more As of this writing, U.S. officials information about this attack including your home router.
purpose, according to U.S. offi- conventional tools and knowl- and affected companies have but the various free, proprietary And consider using two-fac-
cials, was to give Chinese opera- edge to expand their reach, gath- not been able to fully ascertain or private threat intelligence tor authentication to further
tives persistent access to telecom- er information, stay hidden and the scope, depth and severity of feeds and informal professional strengthen the security of any
munications networks across the deploy malware for later use. the attack – or remove the at- networks to stay up to date on critical internet accounts.
U.S. by compromising devices According to the FBI, Salt Ty- tackers from compromised sys- attackers’ tactics and techniques Backdoors and bad guys
like routers and switches run by phoon allowed Chinese officials tems – even though this attack – and ways to counter them. Lost in the noise of the story
companies like AT&T, Verizon, to obtain a large amount of re- has been ongoing for months. Companies and governments is that Salt Typhoon has proved
Lumen and others. cords showing where, when and What can be done? should also ensure their IT de- that the decades of warnings by
This attack comes on the heels who specific individuals were U.S. officials have said that partments and cybersecurity pro- the internet security communi-
of reports that the FBI and Cy- communicating with. In some many of the ways Salt Typhoon grams are adequately staffed and ty were correct. No mandated
bersecurity and Infrastructure cases, they noted that Salt Ty- secret or proprietary access to
Security Agency were assisting phoon gave access to the con- technology products is likely to
telephone companies with coun- tents of phone calls and text remain undiscovered or used
tering other China-connected messages as well. only by “the good guys” – and
compromises of their networks. Salt Typhoon also compro- efforts to require them are like-
The earlier hacking was part of mised the private portals, or back- ly to backfire.
an attack targeting people in the doors, that telephone companies So it’s somewhat ironic that
Washington area in government provide to law enforcement to one of the countermeasures rec-
or political roles, including can- request court-ordered monitoring ommended by the government
didates for the 2024 presidential of phone numbers pursuant to in- to guard against Salt Typhoon
election. vestigations. This is also the same spying is to use strongly encrypt-
But Salt Typhoon is not just portal that is used by U.S. intel- ed services for phone calls and
targeting Americans. Research ligence to surveil foreign targets text messages – encryption capa-
from security vendor Trend Mi- inside the United States. bilities that it has spent decades
cro shows that attacks by Salt As a result, Salt Typhoon trying to undermine so that only
Typhoon compromised other attackers may have obtained “the good guys” can use it. ■
critical infrastructure around information about which Chi-
the world in recent years. U.S. nese spies and informants This article is republished
officials have confirmed these counterintelligence agencies from The Conversation under a
findings as well – and their lev- were monitoring – knowledge Creative Commons license.
FRIDAY December 13, 2024 TECHNOLOGY 27
Large language models: how the AI behind

the likes of ChatGPT actually works
By Mark Stevenson, non, a researcher working for works, some with more than
University of Sheffield IBM. His approach was based on 100 billion parameters.
The Conversation sequences of words known as In the last few years, an extra
n-grams – say, “old black” or “cat component has been added to
slept soundly”. The probability large language models that al-
The arrival of AI systems of n-grams occurring within text lows users to interact with them
called large language models was estimated by looking for ex- using prompts. These prompts
(LLMs), like OpenAI’s ChatGPT amples in existing documents. can be questions or instructions.
chatbot, has been heralded as These mathematical probabili- This has enabled the develop-
the start of a new technological ties were then combined to cal- ment of generative AI systems
era. And they may indeed have culate the overall probability of such as ChatGPT, Google’s Gem-
significant impacts on how we longer sequences of words, such ini and Meta’s Llama. Models
live and work in future. as complete sentences. learn to respond to the prompts
But they haven’t appeared Estimating probabilities for using a process called reinforce-
from nowhere and have a much n-grams becomes much more dif- ment learning, which is similar
longer history than most peo- ficult as the n-gram gets longer, to the way computers are taught
ple realise. In fact, most of us so it is much harder to estimate to play games like chess.
have already been using the ap- accurate probabilities for 4-grams learned by n-gram language be trained on vastly more doc- Humans provide the language
proaches they are based on for (sequences of four words) than models. During this “training” uments than was possible for model with prompts, and the
years in our existing technology. for bi-grams (sequences of two process, the neural network previous approaches, produc- humans’ feedback on the replies
LLMs are a particular type words). Consequently, early lan- looks through the training doc- ing larger language models. produced by the AI model is
of language model, which is a guage models of this type were uments and learns to predict Transformers also learn from used by the model’s learning al-
mathematical representation of often based on short n-grams. the next word based on the examples of text but can be gorithm to guide further output.
language based on probabilities. However, this meant that they ones that have come before. trained to solve a wider range Generating all these questions
If you’ve ever used predictive often struggled to represent the These models work well but of problems than only predict- and rating the replies requires
text) on a mobile phone or asked connection between words that have some disadvantages. Al- ing the next word. One is a kind a lot of human input, which can
a smart speaker a question, then occurred far apart. This could though in theory, the neural of “fill in the blanks” problem be expensive to obtain.
you have almost certainly al- result in the start and end of a network is able to represent where some words in the train- One way of reducing this
ready used a language model. sentence not matching up when connections between words ing text have been removed. cost is to create examples using
But what do they actually do and the language model was used that occur far apart, in prac- The goal here is to guess which a language model in order to
what does it take to make one? to generate a sentence. tice, more importance is placed words are missing. simulate human-AI interaction.
Language models are designed To avoid this problem, re- on those that are closer. Another problem is where the This AI-generated feedback is
to estimate how likely it would searchers created language More importantly, words in transformer is given a pair of then used to train the system.
be to see a particular sequence models based on neural net- the training documents have sentences and asked to decide Creating a large language
of words. This is where proba- works – AI systems that are to be processed in sequence whether the second should follow model is still an expensive under-
bilities come in. For example, a modelled on the way the human to learn appropriate values for the first. Training on problems taking, though. The cost of train-
good language model for English brain works. These language the network’s parameters. This like these has made transformers ing some recent models has been
would assign a high probability models are able to represent limits how quickly the network more flexible and powerful than estimated to run into hundreds
to a well formed sentence like connections between words can be trained. previous language models. of millions of dollars. There is
“the old black cat slept soundly” that may not be close together. The dawn of transformers The use of transformers has also an environmental cost, with
and a low probability to a ran- Neural networks rely on large A new type of neural net- allowed the development of the carbon dioxide emissions as-
dom sequence of words such as numbers of numerical values work, called a transformer, was modern large language models. sociated with creating LLMs esti-
“library a or the quantum some”. (known as parameters) to help introduced in 2017 and avoid- They are in part referred to as mated to be equivalent to multi-
Most language models can also understand these connections ed these problems by process- large because they are trained ple transatlantic flights.
reverse this process to generate between words. These parame- ing all of the words in the input using vastly more text examples These are things that we will
plausible-looking text. The predic- ters must be set correctly in or- at the same time. This allowed than previous models. need to find solutions to amid an
tive text in your smartphone uses der for the model to work well. them to be trained in parallel, Some of these AI models AI revolution that, for now, shows
language models to anticipate The neural network learns meaning that the calculations are trained on over a trillion no sign of slowing down. ■
how you might want to complete the appropriate values for required can be spread across words. It would take an adult
text as you are typing. these parameters by looking multiple computers to be car- reading at average speed more This article is republished
The earliest method for creat large numbers of example ried out at the same time. than 7,600 years to read that from The Conversation under a
ating language models was de- documents, in a similar way A side effect of this change is much. These models are also Creative Commons license.
scribed in 1951 by Claude Shan- that n-gram probabilities are that it allowed transformers to based on very large neural net-
New laws to.. Canada, PH eyeing..

24 boosting the nation’s more international tourists and "This landmark law brings 25 Canada is positioned Text will locate its first global in-
appeal as a prime trav- travelers into the country. Excel- with it significant growth in to support Philippines' novation center in the Philippines.
el destination. lent taxpayer service includes the tourism spending in the coun- energy security goals More and more firms, she
"The BIR supports the VAT re- granting of tax refund to taxpay- try, creating more economic with their expertise across the said, are also looking at Manila
fund mechanism for non-resident ers allowed by law to receive the growth in the sector, which in nuclear supply chain,” she said. as its hub in the region, includ-
tourists law and the national gov- same," BIR Commissioner Romeo turn increases tax collections She also announced that Cana- ing Ostrom Climate Solutions. ■
ernment's initiative of attracting Lumagui Jr. said. in the long-run," he added. ■ dian information company Open-
FOOD
3 surprising vegan foods that
can make you sick this summer
By Sarah McLean, And plant-based foods will vegetarian sausages and found
Swinburne University of likely be on the menu, such as a high proportion contained
Technology burgers, salads and fruit. Clostridium botulinum spores.
The Conversation There’s often no easy way to This is the organism that caus-
tell if food is safe to eat. It doesn’t es botulism, a rare illness af-
have to look spoiled, with tell- fecting the nervous system that
It’s a common myth that only tale signs it’s gone bad, such as can be fatal if untreated.
food of animal origin, such as unpleasant changes in smell or 2. Salads
meat, seafood, eggs and dairy, texture. So even if a food doesn’t Starchy salads, such as ones
can give you food poisoning. look or smell “off” it can still containing potato, pasta or
But many plant-based foods, make you or your guests sick. rice, are prone to contamina-
such as burgers, salads or des- Depending on the food’s tion by Bacillus cereus, a spe-
serts, can also contain dis- available nutrients, acidity, wa- cies of bacteria widespread in
ease-causing microbes (patho- ter content and how it has been the environment. It produces cus aureus in their nose. These condition that can lead to perma-
gens), yet appear perfectly fine. processed and stored, plant- heat-stable spores that sur- bacteria can end up in food nent kidney damage or death.
As we head into the warmer based food can still provide the vive cooking. The bacteria and produce toxins if the cook 3. Fruit
months, here’s what you need right conditions for pathogens then multiply when the food is doesn’t wash their hands prop- While many people are fa-
to think about to keep you and to grow, yet look perfectly fine. stored in warm temperatures. erly before handling food. miliar with the food safety risks
your party guests safe from So let’s take a look a look at Leafy greens and raw People who handle food are of desserts containing custard
food-borne illness if you’re an Australian barbecue, with a sprouts, such as alfalfa, are also also often linked to foodborne or cream, fewer may be aware
serving plant-based food. spread including plant-based often implicated in outbreaks of outbreaks of norovirus due to of the risks associated with the
With a little preparation, you burgers, salads and fruit. illnesses caused by Escherichia poor hand hygiene. humble fruit platter.
can make your next summer 1. Burgers coli (or E. coli for short) and These pathogens general- Fruit platters can be risky as
barbecue or picnic memorable Vegan barbecue items such Salmonella because these items ly cause gut symptoms such as cutting the fruit can transfer bac-
for all the right reasons. as lentil burgers and processed are usually eaten raw. vomiting and/or diarrhoea that teria naturally present on the peel
It’s a risky time of year plant-based patties contain high Salads and other dishes that will get better in about a few days or rind to the internal surfaces.
Summer means get-togethers levels of protein and moisture. require lots of handling during to a week. However, some people In 2018, 22 cases of listerio-
with families and friends, at the This may promote the growth preparation can also be con- will have severe or life-threaten- sis were linked to eating canta-
beach, in the park and at home of bacteria if they’re are not taminated with pathogens in ing complications. For example, loupes (rockmelons) supplied
– in the heat, sometimes with- properly cooked or stored. the kitchen. shiga toxin produced by E. coli by an Australian grower. Last
out access to refrigeration, or For example, a study in Fin- For example, many people is a frequent cause of haemolyt-
with food left out on the table. land tested vacuum sealed naturally carry Staphylococ- ic uraemic syndrome, a serious PAGE 30 3 surprising vegan
Senate OKs bill declaring Pampanga

as Culinary Capital of PH
By Wilnard Bacelonia my and cultural heritage. buong Pilipinas (This is not just an cured pork) and kare-kare (stew reached global audiences, in-
Philippine News Agency Under the proposed legisla- honor for us Kapampangans, but with a rich and thick peanut troducing the unique flavors of
tion, the Department of Tour- also to the whole Philippines),” sauce), Pampanga’s cuisine re- Filipino cuisine to the world.
ism is mandated to promote Lapid said in his manifestation. flects a blend of influences from “What makes Pampanga
MANILA – The Senate on Pampanga as the country’s Renowned for its iconic dish- Spanish, Chinese, Malay, and in- extraordinary is not just the
Monday unanimously approved culinary hub in all its regional es such as sisig (pork jowl and digenous traditions, honed over flavors of its food but also
Senate Bill No. 2797, officially and national campaigns. ears, pork belly, and chicken centuries to create flavors that the centuries-old culinary tra-
recognizing Pampanga as the Cu- Lapid highlighted the prov- liver, usually seasoned with lem- are distinctly Filipino. ditions passed down through
linary Capital of the Philippines. ince’s long-standing reputation on, onions, and chili) bringhe Senator Mark Villar, chair- generations,” Villar stated.
The bill principally authored by for its rich culinary traditions. (chicken, prawns, and ham in person of the Committee on He described the province’s
Pampangueño Senator Lito Lapid “Isang malaking karangalan coconut milk with sweet rice Tourism and sponsor of the cuisine as a testament to the
honors the province's exceptional po ito hindi lamang para sa am- and curry powder), tibok-tibok bill, emphasized that Pampan-
contribution to Filipino gastrono- ing mga Kapampangan, kundi sa (milk pudding), tocino (sweet ga’s culinary traditions have PAGE 30 Senate OKs bill
TRAVEL
Surging global tourism emissions are driven by
just 20 countries – major new study
By James Higham, Griffith ison, global economic growth tween 2009 and 2019. By 2019, print in 2019 was 3.4 tonnes 1. Measure tourism carbon
University. Ya-Yen Sun, The in general over that period was these three countries alone (8th globally). This under- emissions to identify hotspots.
University of Queensland 1.5% per annum. If this growth were responsible for 39% of to- scores the high emissions being Our research provides evi-
The Conversation rate continues, global tourism tal global tourism emissions. driven by long-haul air travel dence of the tourism sub-sec-
emissions will double over the Three-quarters of total glob- for inbound and outbound in- tors driving high emissions
next two decades. al tourism emissions are pro- ternational trips. growth, including aviation,
Surging global tourism emis- The carbon intensity of ev- duced by just 20 countries, In 2019, New Zealand’s energy supply and vehicle use.
sions are driven almost entirely ery dollar of tourist spending with the remaining 25% shared per-capita tourism carbon foot- These hotspots must move
by 20 countries, and efforts to is 30% higher than the average between 155. Remarkably, print was 3.1 tonnes per resi- onto a 10% annual emissions
rein in the trend aren’t working. for the global economy, and there is now a hundred-fold dent (10th globally). Like Aus- reduction pathway to 2050.
That is the main finding of our four times higher than the ser- difference in per-capta tourism tralia, dependence on long-haul 2. Avoid excessive tourism
new research, published in Na- vice sector. footprints between countries international travel is a prob- development and identify sus-
ture Communications today. It The primary driver of rising which travel most and those lem that cannot be ignored. tainable growth thresholds.
represents the most rigorous and emissions is high growth in tour- which travel least. 4 pathways to decarbonis- National tourism decarbonisa-
comprehensive analysis of tourism demand. The rapidly ex- Of the top 20, the US (as a ing tourism tion strategies must now define
ism emissions yet conducted. panding carbon footprint is pre- foreign destination, as well as For the first time ever, this and implement sustainable
The study draws togeth- dominantly from aviation (21%), its citizens travelling) had the year’s UN Climate Change Con- growth goals, most urgently in
er multiple datasets, includ- use of vehicles powered by petrol largest tourism carbon foot- ference of the Parties (COP29) the 20 highest-emitting tour-
ing those published directly and diesel (17%), and utilities print in 2019 – nearly 1 giga- included tourism. UN Tourism ism destinations.
by 175 governments over 11 such as electricity supply (16%). tonne. It was responsible for endorsed our study and acknowl- 3. Shift focus to domestic
years (2009-2020). It uses Slow efficiency gains 19% of the total global tourism edged tourism now contributes and short-range markets, and
the United Nations-endorsed through technology have been carbon footprint, growing at 8.8% of total global emissions. discourage long-haul markets.
“measurement of sustainable overwhelmed by this growth in an annual rate of 3.2%. It reported that COP29 Actively managing growth in
tourism” framework and draws demand. In 2019, the US tourism car- “marks a turning point, when demand for air travel is the
on tourism expenditure and Aviation accounted for half bon footprint was equivalent to ambition meets action, and vi- most obvious first step, which
emissions intensity data from of direct tourism emissions, 3 tonnes per resident, ranking sion transforms into commit- might involve regulating long-
national accounts. making it the Achilles heel of 12th globally among countries ment […] to positive transfor- haul air travel demand.
The findings reveal serious global tourism emissions. De- with the highest per-capita mation for a better future for 4. Address inequality between
challenges ahead, given the spite decades of promises, the tourism emissions. our planet”. countries by factoring in the so-
wider context. The UN Envi- global air transport system has As a destination, the United But our research shows the cial costs of carbon emissions.
ronment Programme reports a proved impossible to decarbo- Kingdom ranked 7th globally, combination of tourism de- Controlling current patterns of
42% reduction in current glob- nise through new technologies. at 128 megatonnes (2.5% of mand growth on one hand, relentless growth in long-haul
al emissions overall is needed 20 countries dominate the total). In 2019, UK resi- and the failure of technology air travel aligns with a more
by 2030 (and 57% by 2035). If emissions dents produced 2.8 tonnes of efficiency gains on the other, socially equitable approach to
not, the Paris Agreement goal Our research revealed alarm- emissions per person, ranked present enormous barriers to tourism, which is needed to ad-
of limiting warming to 1.5 de- ing inequalities in emissions 15th globally. tourism carbon mitigation. dress these inequalities.
grees will be lost. growth between countries. The Australia’s tourism carbon Despite this, we have iden- The fundamental purpose of
But global tourism emis- United States, China and In- footprint ranked 14th globally tified four pathways towards our research is to give policy-
sions have been growing at dia accounted for 60% of the (82 megatonnes). Its resident stabilising and reducing global makers and industry leaders
double the rate of the global growth in tourism emissions be- per-capita tourism carbon foot- tourism emissions: greater clarity about tourism’s
economy. Our study reveals impact on global emissions.
that between 2009 and 2019, The challenge then is to devel-
emissions increased by 40%, op evidence-based policy and
from 3.7 gigatonnes (7.3% of regulation to achieve urgent
global emissions) in 2009 to tourism decarbonisation. ■
5.2 gigatonnes (8.8% of global
emissions) in 2019. The authors acknowledge
While global tourism emis- the contributions of Stefan
sions fell dramatically in 2020- Gössling, Manfred Lenzen and
2021 due to COVID-19, the re- Futu Faturay who were part of
bound to pre-pandemic levels the research team on this proj-
has been rapid. ect, and who coauthored the Na-
Massive growth without a ture Communications paper on
technological fix which this article is based.
Tourism-related emissions in- This article is republished
creased at a yearly rate of 3.5% from The Conversation under a
from 2009 to 2019. By compar- Creative Commons license.
30 TRAVEL FRIDAY December 13, 2024
PH's Apo Reef, 2 others named

ASEAN’s newest heritage parks
By Joyce Ann L. Rocamora and commitment of the ASEAN corals, rare marine invertebrates
Philippine News Agency Member States to preserve and such as the Endangered Green Sea
restore its immense natural Turtle and Critically Endangered
wealth,” ACB Acting Executive Hawksbill Turtle, and iconic spe-
MANILA – Three prominent Director Clarissa Arida said. cies like Dugongs, Whale Sharks,
nature destinations in the Phil- “The AHP Programme stayed and Hammerhead Sharks.
ippines— the Apo Reef, Tur- true to its purpose of strength- The ACB officially designates Yellowish white soft coral. Philippine Islands, Occidental Mindoro, Apo Reef. (DR.
tle Islands, and Balinsasayao ening the connectivity of highly the Apo Reef Natural Park as DWAYNE MEADOWS, NOAA PHOTO LIBRARY/FLICKR, CC BY 2.0)
Twin Lakes— have been listed significant ecosystems in the re- the 61st ASEAN Heritage Park.
among ASEAN’s five newest gion and in improving protected The Balinsasayao Twin serves as home to some 325 biodiversity conservation and
heritage parks. area management,” she added. Lakes Natural Park, on the fern species, 237 tree species, was declared a Turtle Island
The ASEAN Centre for Bio- The newly named AHPs have other hand, is a known habi- 27 mammalian fauna, and 209 Heritage Protected Area (TIH-
diversity (ACB) formally an- 11.6 million hectares of legally tat of globally important spe- resident and migrant birds. PA) through a Memorandum of
nounced the addition of five gazetted protected areas repre- cies such as the Endangered Meanwhile, the Turtle Is- Agreement between the Philip-
new parks to its network of senting terrestrial, marine, and Negros Shrew (Crocidura ne- lands Wildlife Sanctuary is pines and Malaysia in 1996.
topnotch nature reserves and wetland ecosystems. grina), Visayan Spotted Deer known to be the only major It is also included in the In-
natural parks in the Southeast The Apo Reef Natural Park, lo- (Rusa alfredi), Visayan Leop- nesting habitat of Green Sea dian Ocean and South-East Asia
Asian region late November. cated west of Sablayan town in ard Cat (Prionailurus benga- Turtles (Chelonia mydas) in Marine Sea Turtle Site Network.
Joining the three Philip- Occidental Mindoro province, is lensis rabori), the Critically the Philippines—the only one Arida said being part of the
pine parks are the Phou Xieng the largest contiguous coral reef Endangered Philippine Tube- in the ASEAN region. AHP network provides protected
Thong National Protected Area system in the country and the nosed Fruit Bat (Nyctimene This park is part of the Sulu areas with opportunities to share
and Nam Poui National Pro- second largest in the world. rabori) and the Visayan Warty archipelago in the province of good practices, participate in
tected Area in Lao PDR, bring- The park is a known ma- Pig (Sus cebifrons negrinus), Tawi-Tawi and is under the ju- regional capacity development
ing the total to 62. rine biodiversity hotspot that as well as Philippine endemic risdiction of the Ministry of En- and awareness-raising activities,
“For four decades, the ASE- is home to vibrant coral reefs, species like the Endangered vironment, Natural Resources and get assistance in enhancing
AN Heritage Parks (AHP) Pro- pristine lagoons, seagrass beds, Golden-crowned Flying Fox and Energy of the Bangsamoro protected area management op-
gram has remained relevant various mangroves, and lush (Acerodon jubatus). Autonomous Region in Muslim erations, among others.
and continues to grow—as an beach forests. The park is located in Negros Mindanao. From its original 11 parks,
outstanding showcase of ‘ONE It is a sanctuary for over 482 Oriental province and covers The Turtle Islands was iden- the AHP Program has expand-
ASEAN’ regional cooperation fish species, 63 genera of hard an area of 8,016 hectares that tified as Extremely High for ed to 62 sites. ■
Senate OKs bill.. 3 surprising vegan.. Farmers’ markets..

28 creativity, resilience, recognition of Pampanga does 28 year in the United container in the fridge. Don’t 23 programs, such as
and history of its peo- not detract from the contri- States, a deadly output these starchy items in the farmers’ market nu-
ple. butions of other regions to break of salmonellosis fridge hot because this rais- trition coupons that
Villar clarified that the bill the country’s diverse culinary was also traced to eating con- es the temperature inside the encourage consumers to shop
does not seek to undermine landscape, but instead invites taminated cantaloupes. fridge, which could allow fast- locally, would also help both
other provinces’ culinary con- Filipinos to celebrate a shared Frozen berries have also been er growth of microbes producers and consumers.
tributions, but rather to high- heritage while honoring the implicated in multiple out- • avoid buying damaged or Ultimately, our study high-
light Pampanga’s distinct role unique flavors of each region. breaks of hepatitis A in Austra- bruised fruit and vegetables, lights the value of local food
in shaping the Philippines’ cu- “Pampanga becomes a gate- lia and overseas in recent years. and store cut fruit in the fridge systems in the era of corporate
linary history. way -- a starting point for explor- What can I do? • transport food to an event concentration and "greedfla-
Senator Loren Legarda af- ing the many stories told through If you’re preparing plant- in an insulated bag or ice box tion” in Canada’s food system.
firmed her support for the mea- Filipino cuisine,” she said. based food for a barbecue or containing ice bricks and take it Given the federal government’s
sure, emphasizing the signifi- The senator also under- picnic this summer, here’s how out only when it is time to serve supposed commitment to en-
cance of the bill as a tribute to scored the economic opportu- to minimise the risk of making • once food has been served, hancing food self-sufficiency and
Pampanga’s exceptional culinary nities the bill could generate you or your guests sick: leftovers should be covered and sustainability, the absence of local
heritage and artistry, which has through culinary tourism, em- • before handling food wash returned to the fridge or an in- food systems in Canada’s nation-
profoundly shaped the nation’s powering local businesses and your hands well, separate raw sulated container. If the food al policy landscape is a critical
gastronomic identity. inspiring communities to pre- and cooked food, and work has been out of the fridge for oversight. Addressing this over-
“As an author of this mea- serve and innovate their culi- with clean utensils and surfac- four hours or longer (including sight could strengthen communi-
sure, I see it as a tribute to the nary traditions. es. This is to avoid contaminat- storage, preparation, transport ty-based food systems and create
rich heritage and exceptional Pampanga’s recognition as ing food yourself, and to avoid and serving), throw it out. a more resilient food economy. ■
culinary artistry that Pampan- the Culinary Capital is expect- contamination between foods It is also worth considering
ga has shared with our nation ed by senators to further boost • cook items such as plant- how much food you really need. Vicki Madziak, community food
and the world,” Legarda said. culinary tourism, attracting based burgers and vegetarian It’s easy to over-cater, creating co-ordinator, Ecology Action Centre
She praised the Kapam- both local and international sausages until piping hot leftovers that can make you sick and Justin Cantafio, executive di-
pangan commitment to food, visitors eager to experience au- • after cooking starchy if not stored correctly. ■ rector at Farmers’ Markets of Nova
whose iconic dishes embody thentic Filipino flavors. foods such as rice, pasta and Scotia, co-authored this article.
the innovation, resourcefulness, The bill also seeks to solidify potatoes, transfer them to a This article is republished This article is republished
and tradition of the province. the province’s status as a key des- shallow container to cool on from The Conversation under a from The Conversation under a
Legarda clarified that the tination for food enthusiasts. ■ the counter. Then place the Creative Commons license Creative Commons license.
BIZClass FRIDAY DECEMBER
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Philippine Canadian Inquirer #620

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Philippine Canadian Inquirer #620

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DECEMBER 13, 2024

Vol. 9 No. 620

CANADA’S FIRST AND ONLY NATIONWIDE FILIPINO-CANADIAN NEWSPAPER

Marcos: Full force of law to go after

Gov’t aims to make overseas work a choice,

PBBM creates system for children protection

Bills regulating confidential fund allocation,

49% of Filipinos say PBBM OKs shopping

Get the latest News & Updates

read daily news

PH gov't to assist 42 years after adoption: PH

immigration status would play an active role in

PH to soon acquire German vicarage where

Human rights plan to bring inclusive growth,

PBBM OKs law to arrest ‘alarming’

Kanlaon eruption poses potential

Copies are distributed free throughout

health risks – DOH

The views and opinions expressed in the

How to cut through the divisions hampering

Canada’s holiday tax break will have winners and

Canadian policymakers should avoid handling

PBBM OKs shopping.. PBBM creates system..

The west is already at war with Russia.

Trump’s plans for tougher border enforcement

How France can be more ‘European’

Mercedes' trending character 'Lena'

Go Inside the Global Celebrations for

One Hundred Years..

The case for lying to kids about Santa

DOH cautions vs. eating salty, fatty,

How To Do Christmas & Hanukkah This Year

Canada opens export credit agency in PH

World Bank expects robust growth of PH economy

New laws to boost tourism industry,

Unemployment Canada, PH eyeing to begin

growth MANILA – The Canadian and

with notable progress in reduc- cal advancements,” he said.

Large language models: how the AI behind

New laws to.. Canada, PH eyeing..

Senate OKs bill declaring Pampanga

PH's Apo Reef, 2 others named

Senate OKs bill.. 3 surprising vegan.. Farmers’ markets..

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