Law Enforcement

Administration

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 EXPECTED LEARNING OUTCOMES
At the end of this chapter, students are expected to have:
a. familiarized the origin of police and how policing of the western
countries influenced our law enforcement system;
b. learned the concept oflaw enforcement and policing, as well as
evaluated or analyzed how the PNP applied or adopted them;
c. comprehended the principles and theories on management and
administration as fundamental framework and guidance for effective
and efficient law enforcement; and
d. realized the importance of leadership in a police organization through
understanding of leadership styles and ideal qualities of police
leaders.
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Law Enforcement Administration
What is Law?
Law is commonly understood as a system of rules that arc
created and enforced through social or governmental
institutions to regulate conduct.' It also refers to the set of
rules and regulations or orders, usually written, created and
enacted by the people that must be abided by the people
themselves.
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The law being referred to are the criminal laws such as but not limited
to:
a. The Revised Penal Code (Act 3815) and its amendments;
b. Republic Acts;
c. Presidential Decrees; and
d. Other Special Penal laws passed by the Philippine Commission,
Philippine Assembly, Philippine Legislature, National Assembly, the
Congress of the Philippines, and the Batasang Pambansa.

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The law being referred to are the criminal laws such as but not limited
to:
a. The Revised Penal Code (Act 3815) and its amendments;
b. Republic Acts;
c. Presidential Decrees; and
d. Other Special Penal laws passed by the Philippine Commission,
Philippine Assembly, Philippine Legislature, National Assembly, the
Congress of the Philippines, and the Batasang Pambansa.

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What is Enforcement?
Enforcement refers to the act of enforcing;
ensuring observance of or obedience to; that
which enforces, constraints, gives force, authority,
or effect to.

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What is Administration?
It refers to the act of administering; government of
public affairs; the service rendered, or duties
assumed, in conducting affairs; the conducting of
any office or employment; direction

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What is Law Enforcement?
Law enforcement is any system by which some members
of government act in an organized manner to enforce the
law by discovering, deterring, rehabilitating, or
punishing people who violate the rules and norms
governing that society

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What is Law Enforcement?
Law enforcement is any system by which some members
of government act in an organized manner to enforce the
law by discovering, deterring, rehabilitating, or
punishing people who violate the rules and norms
governing that society

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What is Law Enforcement?
Law Enforcement is a broad term that refers to the act of
preventing, correcting, finding, and punishing any violations of
the Law of the Land in the concerned country or organization.

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What is Law Enforcement Administration?
Law Enforcement Administration, therefore,
based on the aforesaid definitions would refer to
administering or managing the enforcement of
law in order to ensure its observance or obedience
for the common good.

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 What is Law Enforcement Agency or
Organization?
Law Enforcement Agency refers to a government agency
that is responsible for the enforcement of the laws. Any
agency in the country that has the power to implement
law for the purpose of public safety, law and order, and
prevention of crime is considered as law enforcement
agency.

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 Who is a Law Enforcement Officer?

A law enforcement officer is a government employee

who is responsible for the prevention, investigation,
apprehension, or detention of individuals suspected or
convicted of offenses against the criminal laws.

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 Law and
Crime
Order
Bases of Law
Enforcement
Criminal Criminal
Law Justice

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 Police

Came from the Greek word, “politeia”,

Government,
citizenship or the
entire activity of a
polis (city)

 It is an authorized agency of the government responsible

for protecting lives , liberty and property and ensuring
public safety. 15
 The Romans conquered the Greeks and changed
the word slightly to politia.
 Politia means “condition of a state, government
and administration”.

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 The French changed the word to “police” and
used it to describe deputized people who actually
enforce the law.

 The English and the Americans borrowed the

word from the French and used it to describe a
“law enforcement officer”.

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• Greek

Politeia
• Romans • French
Politia
Police

18
Ancient History of Police:

 Medjay – a civil police headed by Egyptian military officer

and the 1st group to use police dogs on patrol.
 Vigiles – a civilian in Rome armed with staves and short
sword to maintain peace and to fight fires.
 Anglo-Saxon – a member of the Germanic tribes which
settled in England in the 5th century A.D. and the 1st to
conquer England.
Periods of Policing
1. The Anglo-Saxon Period (600-1066)
2. The Normal Period of Policing System (1066-1285)
3. The Westminster Period of Policing System (1285-
1500)
4. The Modern Policing System (1500 –early 18th
Century)
Evolution of Law Enforcement
Administration & Police

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 Law Enforcement and Policing in
England
Kin Police [Policing]. Kin policing
was an ancient system of law
enforcement where law
enforcement responsibility was
held by all citizens, and everyone
was responsible for the conduct
of their extended families.

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Rome (5th Century B.C.).
 This century marked Rome for the creation
of the first specialized investigative unit
which was named as
 Questors means Trackers of Murderers.

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Athens (6th Century B.C.)
 This era adapted an unpaid magistrate
Gudge) to make decisions to the cases
presented to them. This magistrate was only
appointed by the citizens.

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Anglo-Saxon Period: Reign of Alfred the Great (9th
Century).
 In the later part of the ninth century, Alfred the
Great established a system of Mutual Pledge
(social Control), which is organized for the
security of the country.

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 hue and cry
 A community policing effort
in medieval England and
other countries. Community
members were required to
take up a cry at the site of a
crime and then give chase if
they could.

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This system is organized into several
levels such as the following:

1. Ten Tithing

 This is done by grouping a hundred persons into

one under the charge of a High Constable. Hue and
Cry is employed. The constable who is considered
the first form of English Police deals with more
serious breaches of the law.

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2. Tithing

This is performed by grouping ten persons together to

protect one another and to assume responsibility for
the acts of the group's members. The one who heads
the group is called Chief.

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3. One Hundred Tithings.

It would be organized into a shire (county) and

placed under the authority of a shire reeve
(sheriff), appointed by the king. This is
supervised by constables (English first police
officers).

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William Norman divided England into shires
(districts) and was headed by a reeve (ruler). This is
also called the Shire-Reeve System.

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 The Mutual Pledge [System] started during the
Reign of King Alfred the Great (1870-1901 A.D.).
It was later called as Frankpledge [System] after
Norman invasion in the year 1066 to 1300s with
modifications (England was invaded and conquered
by William Duke of Normandy).

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Roman Emperor Augustus (Rome 27 BC
to 14 AD). He picked out special, highly
qualified members of the military to form the
Praetorian Guard, the Praefectus Urbi and
the Vigiles of Rome. Their functions are as
follows:

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1.Praetorian Guard. This guard is considered to be the first
police officer in Rome with the job of protecting the
Palace of Rome and the emperor.

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2. Praefectus Urbi (Urban Cohort). The function of
the Praefectus Urbi is to protect the city exercising
both executive and judicial power.

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 Vigiles of Rome. The Vigile began
as fire fighters, granted with law
enforcement responsibilities and
patrolled Rome's streets day and
night. The Vigile was considered
as a civil police force designed to
protect citizens. Vigile was
considered quite brutal and it is
where the word "Vigilante" came
from.

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The Statute of Winchester
(England 1285 A.D.).

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 The Westminster Period of Policing System (1285-
1500)
Statute of 1295 – this law prescribed the closing of the gates of London
at sundown. Start of curfew systems.

Justice of the Peace – this was created to supervise the shire- rieve
and the constable in carrying out their duties. It is composed of
untrained men, usually nobles, who investigates and tried minor cases.
This became the senior law enforcement administrator in parish.

Star Chamber Court – special court which tries only crimes committed
against State .
The [Night] Watchman and Ward.
1. The [Night] Watchman also known as Bellman or Charlies [named
after King Charles II] required all men to serve on the night watch
with three major duties:
a. Patrolling the streets from dusk till dawn to ensure that all local

people were indoors and quiet and that no strangers were roaming
about.
b. Performing duties such as lighting street lamps, clearing garbage

from the streets and putting out fires.

c. Enforcing the criminal law.

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2. Hue and Cry System.
The requirement for good people to shout and come to the aid
of people in distress from a crime. In order to ensure that the
Hue and Cry could be enforced the Statute further established
the Assize of Arms. It required every male between ages of
15 and 60 to keep a weapon in his home as a means for
keeping the peace.

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Parish Constables
The primary urban law enforcement
agents in England. Constable
supervises that Watch and Ward and
were assigned to very large districts.

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Modern Policing in England

Three names are generally associated with the

development of the first modern police forces in
England, namely:
 Henry Fielding
 Patrick Colquhoun
 Sir Robert Peel

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Henry Fielding (1748)
He founded or created the Bow
Street Runners (Thief-Takers) and
became the Chief Magistrate assisted
by his half-brother John Fielding,
who later succeeded Henry as Chief
Magistrate.
This was called London's first
professional police force (originally
numbered just eight) and was
considered as the foundation to all
modern police forces.

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He was credited with two major contributions to the
field of policing such as:
a. First, he advocated change and spread awareness about social
and criminal problems through his writings.
b. Second, he organized a group of paid nonuniformed citizens
who were responsible for investigating crimes and prosecuting
offenders. This group, called the Bow Street Runners, was the
first group paid through public funds that emphasized crime
prevention in addition to crime investigation and apprehension
of criminals.

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Patrick Colquhoun (late 1700s).

a. He was a Scottish magistrate who

developed the science of policing.
Colquhoun suggested that police
functions must include detection
of crime, apprehension of
offenders, and prevention of crime
through their presence in public.
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He was credited with two major contributions to the
field of policing such as:
 Colquhoun published a book known as, The
Commerce and Policing of the River Thames;
which three decades later, led to Robert Peel's "new"
police.
 Colquhoun together with Master Mariner John Harriot
developed (founder) the Marine Police Force or
sometimes known as the Thames River Police. It was
said to be England's first Police force
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 Treatise on the Police of Metropolis he published led to
the creation of Thames River Police through Thames
Police Act of 1800.
He supported the three ideas of Fielding, namely:
 a centralized police board should organize an intelligence service.
 it should maintain a register of known offenders, with classified
information about particular groups.
 it should publish a Police Gazette, not for the purpose of aiding
in the detection of crime, but also a vehicle of moral education.

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 Sir Robert Peel (1829).
 father of modern policing
 Sir Robert Peel established the
London Metropolitan Police
through Metropolitan Police Act
(a bill passed in Parliament in
1829) which became the world's
first modern organized police
force.
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 The Metropolitan Police Force, also
called as Scotland Yard was guided by
the concept of crime prevention as a
primary police objective; it also
embodied the most memorable principle
which states that: the police are the
public, and the public are the police .

The informal names are: Met and MPS; also referred to as

Scotland Yard Police. Police are often referred to as Bobbies or
Peelers after Sir Robert (Bobby) Peel.
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Three New Elements of the English Police Important for
Modern Policing

First, borrowing from the Bow Street Runners, their mission was
crime prevention and control. The philosophy that it was better to
prevent crime than simply respond to it greatly influenced the role of
modem police officers.
Second, their strategy was to maintain a visible presence through
preventive patrol.
Finally, the third element was that of a quasi-military organizational
structure.
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In France, the New Police
also known as Serjents was
established in March 1829,
the same year the MPS of
Sir Robert Peel was
created.

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Nine Fundamental Principles of Law Enforcement by Robert
Peel: The Peelian Policing Principles

1. To prevent crime and disorder

2. To recognise always that the power of the police
3. To recognise always that to secure and maintain the respect and approval of the public
4. To recognise always that the extent to which the co-operation of the public
5. To seek and preserve public favour
6. To use physical force only when the exercise of persuasion
7. To maintain at all times a relationship with the public
8. To recognise always the need for strict adherence to police-executive functions
9. To recognise always that the test of police efficiency

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A.Law Enforcement and Police in America

1. Colonial Policing in America

 Night Watchmen in Boston (1636). As early as 1636 Boston had Night
Watchmen, in addition to a military guard. New York and Philadelphia
soon developed a similar Night Watch system in 1658 and Philadelphia
created one in 1700.
The New York Night Watchmen were known as the Rattle Watch

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Note: Early policing in colonial America was both
informal and communal, which is referred to as the
"Watch, 11 or private-for-profit policing, which is
called "The Big Stick”.

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Day Watch in Philadelphia
(1833). The first Day Watch
was created in 1833 in
Philadelphia; New York
instituted a Day Watch in
1844 as a supplement to its
new municipal police force.

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 Boston Police (1838). It was
the first American police
force [centralized municipal
police department]
established in the city of
Boston.
It was the first publicly
funded, organized police
force with officers on duty
full-time

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2. Modern Policing in America
 The first modem police forces in America borrowed
heavily from those established in England.
 In particular, American law enforcement agencies
adopted the mission of crime prevention and control,
the strategy of preventive patrol, and the quasi-
military organizational design of the first modem
police department established in London - the
Metropolitan Police.
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August Vollmer (Early 20th
Century).
Father of American [Modern] Policing
He is famous for the development of the
principles of modem police administration.
Advocates of the concepts of administrative
efficiency sought to "centralize the authority
within police departments" and to
"rationalize the procedures of command
control.

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Modern Policing in America
 The first modem police forces in America borrowed
heavily from those established in England.
 In particular, American law enforcement agencies
adopted the mission of crime prevention and control, the
strategy of preventive patrol, and the quasi-military
organizational design of the first modem police
department established in London - the Metropolitan
Police.

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Law Enforcement and Police
in the Philippines

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Law Enforcement and Police in the Philippines

Pre-Spanish Period
Kin System. It is the practice of the barangay chieftains of the
tribe [clan] to select able-bodied young men to protect the
tribe members [people] or the barangay during the night

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Nightmen or Bantayans

The system of policing was organized in the year

1500s to patrol the streets of Manila. The Nightmen
were under the direction of the Alguacil Mayor who
provided them with muskets as weapons and alarm
bells as their means of communication

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Spanish Period:
Colonial
Philippines

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Early History and Evolution of the Police
Force in the Philippines

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Philippine Police during the Spanish Regime

1. CARABINEROS DE SEGURIDAD PUBLICA (Mounted

Police)
 This was organized in 1712 for the purpose of carrying out
the regulations of the department of state. It was armed, as its
name indicates with carbines. In 1781, it was given the
special commission of government custody of the tobacco
monopoly.
By Royal decree of December 20, 1842, it was organized
and called Cuerpo de Carabineros de Seguridad Publica
(Corps of Carabines for Public Safety). This was the 1st
group to be arm with rifles in the history of the Philippine
Police System.

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2. The Cuadrillos or
Guardrilleros
 This was a body of rural police organized in each town and
established by the Royal decree of January 8, 1836.
 This act provides that 5% of the able bodied-male residents
of each town were to be enlisted in this Police Organization
for three years. At first, they were armed with lance, spear
and bolos but later on they were allowed to use firearms,
most of which were, however, muzzle loading rifles. They
were compensated for at least P3.00 a month for 3 years
while other progressive provinces received P4.00 to P5.00 a
month.
 Basic Functions:
 They act as messenger.
 To guard dark and unsafe places.
 To make patrol.
 To guard the municipal buildings and halls.
 Prison Guard.
3. GUARDIA CIVIL

 The Guardia Civil was

introduced to the
Philippines by the Spanish
colonial government in
1868, during the term of
Governor-General Carlos
María de la Torre y
Navacerrada.

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The Philippine Police
during the American
Regime

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Philippine Constabulary [PC] or Insular Police (August 18, 1901).
 On November 30, 1900, the Philippine Commission
headed by William H. Taft, recommended to the Secretary
of War, the organization of an Insular Police Force. The
recommendation having been approved, the Philippine
Commission passed Act No. 175 on July 18, 1901, entitled
“An Act providing for the Organization and Government
of an Insular Constabulary”.
 It was changed to “Philippine Constabulary” by virtue of
Section 1, under Act No. 255, on October 2, 1901.
 PC became the backbone of the Philippine
Army by virtue of National Defense Act of
1935 passed by the Philippine National
Assembly on December 21, 1935 and was
reestablished after World War II and was
known as both the Philippine Constabulary
and as the Military Police Command.
During the Commission Period, the role of
the Constabulary was chiefly to suppress
guerilla resistance in the Philippines. But, its
original purpose was to aid the American
forces of occupation in restoring the law and
order in the strife-torn Islands.

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The Philippine Constabulary
 The creation of PC is considered as a story of
American Pacification of the Philippines.
 The major task of the PC was to quell the
revolution during the American Regime, thereby
taking the form of a quasi-military unit even
though it was conceived to become a police unit.
The formal establishment of the PC took place on
August 18, 1901.
 The Philippine
Constabulary
 The first enlisted personnel strength
was 2,500 recorded on December 15,
1901 under the command of HENRY
TUREMAN ALLEN, the first PC Chief
and an 1882 graduate of the US
Military Academy.
 Allen focused on the suppression of
rebellion and maintenance of peace
and order.
The Philippine Constabulary
 In 1902, Allen introduced the Mounted
Constables as part of the campaign against
insurgents. They used horses from China
and launched the first Polo Sport in
Manila.
 PC maintained and operated telephone and
cable services until 1906 when these were
turned over to the Bureau of Posts.
 The PC also acted as security personnel
during the transfer of prisoners to and from
different penal colonies in the country.
The Philippine Constabulary
 From (1901 to 1907), B/GEN HENRY ALLEN run
the PC, rose from the ranks, and finally replaced
by B/GEN HARY H BANDHOLTZ in 1907 (1907-
1913).
 The PC was led by numerous American Generals
(after Allen and Bandholtz) to wit: B/GEN JAMES G
HARBORD (1913) followed by B/GEN WILLIAM C
RIVERS (1914) to B/GEN GERMAN HALL (1914-
1917).
The Filipinization of the PC
 During its 16th year of existence in
1917, the PC was placed under the
leadership of Filipinos.
 B/GEN RAFAEL C CRAME served as
the FIRST FILIPINO PC Chief (1917-
1927). He served with competence
as PC Chief for ten years, earning
the respect of his men and even
the criminals he captured.
The Filipinization of the PC
 After Gen Crame’s term in 1927, B/GEN
LUCENA R SWEET replaced him which he
hold from (1927-1932).
 B/GEN CLARENCE H BOWERS from
(1932-1934).
 B/GEN BASILIO VALDEZ from (1934-
1936).
The merging of PC with the Philippine Army

The control of PC was transferred to the Phil Army

on January 11, 1936 with the creation of the National
Defense Act, thus ending the 35 years of existence of
the PC as an Insular Police Force.
The PC became the Constabulary Division of the
Philippine Army, supervised by a Provost Marshall
General.
The transfer completed on January 21, 1936 under
the command B/GEN JOSE DELOS REYES.
The State Police Act (CA No. 88)
On October 26, 1936, the STATE POLICE was created thru CA
No 88.
It consolidated all municipal and city police forces and
provincial guards under the Department of Interior which
took over the duties of the PC.
It was later abolished by the National Assembly on June 25,
1938 during the incumbency of then President Manuel L.
Quezon because it did not measure up to the standards of its
framers.
The National Police Force
The Constabulary Division was then separated from the
Philippine Army right after the abolition of State Police in
June 25, 1938 and was constituted as the NATIONAL
POLICE FORCE placed under the supervision of the
Department of Interior under the command of MAJ GEN
GUILLERMO B. FRANCISCO (1938-1942).
Police Commission (POLCOM).
The Commission, although it was not literally
serving as police, was established in August 8, 1966
by virtue of RA. No. 4864 (Act Creating the
POLCOM, Amending and Revising the Laws Relative
to the Local Police System, and for Other Purposes)
The Japanese
Occupation (1941-
1945)

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 The Japanese Occupation
(1941-1945)
Gen Francisco directed his men to
continue providing security during the
outbreak of war.
The First Historical Battle against
the Japanese forces was fought by
the Constabulary on December 9,
1941 in Vigan, Ilocos Sur. Three (3)
Filipino officers (Maj Sergio
Laurente, Lts. Enrique Domondon
and Gregorio Villacorta) and 7
enlisted men became the First
Filipino Prisoners of War.
The Japanese
Occupation
(1941-1945)
The Constabulary men fought to the
last stand until the Fall of Bataan
and Corregidor and the surrender of
the Friendly Forces on April 9, 1942.
Those who refused to give up
escaped to the hills and reorganized
into various resistance groups. They
become “underground” fighters or
guerillas against the Japanese
Authorities.
The Japanese Occupation (1941-1945)

Gen Francisco’s term ended in 1942

since the Military and Police Units of the
country were now commanded by
Japanese Authorities.
The Japanese Regime
During the invasion by the Japanese to the
Philippines, it installed a Puppet Executive Commission
to govern the country. On April 10, 1943, the Executive
Commission created the Bureau of Constabulary as an
agency of the Department of Interior.
The Constabulary was charged not only to maintain
peace and order but also utilized to fight the guerillas
that continually resisted the Japanese Occupation
force.
 KEMPETAI

 The “Japanese Military Police”,

introduced during their invasion
on Dec. 8, 1941 held responsible
in maintaining peace and order
in Manila and adjacent urban
areas. Kempetai ruled the urban
areas until Gen. Douglas
McArthur returned on February
7, 1945.
 Its headquarters were
located at Fort Santiago,
Manila

86
Liberation from the
Japanese
Occupation (1945)

In 1945, B/GEN FEDERICO G OBOZA led the

National Police Force after liberation from the
Japanese.
The full restoration of
PC August 3, 1955, then President
On
Ramon Magsaysay restored FULL
operational and administrative control of
the PC to the Chief of Constabulary. LT
GEN MANUAL F. CABAL (1955-1958),
who was then the chief, was instrumental
in developing the organizational structure,
increasing the capabilities and strengths
as well as improving the training methods,
discipline and morale of the entire corps.
He was also associated with the PC
slogan permanently etched at Camp
Crame” “Always Move Forward, Never
Mark Time”.
The Beginning of Police Reformation and Professionalization in
1966

Reformation and professionalization of the police

service gained official recognition on September 8,
1966, when Republic Act No. 4864, otherwise
known as the “Police Act of 1966” was enacted.
This act served as the legal guidepost in initiating
and undertaking at the national level much needed
reforms that resulted to a considerable
improvement in police performance and efficiency.
The Manila
Police
Department
Act 183 created the Manila Police
Department on July 31, 1901
(Charter of Manila) under the
direct supervision of Governor
Howard Taft (The First Governor
General and assumed his office on
July 4, 1901).
The Manila Police Department
Capt. George Curry: US Army Officer was appointed as
the First Chief of Police of MPD.
Capt. Columbus E. Piatt: the Last American Chief of
Police of MPD in 1935.
Col. Antonio C. Torres: the First Filipino Chief of Police
of MPD.
Col. Lamberto T. Javelera – the First Chief of Police of
MPD appointed by Pres. Manuel Roxas.
The Birth of the Integrated National Police
 Integration was the great idea and proposal of then
Manila Mayor Arsenio Lacson.
 In compliance with said mandate, on August 8,
1975, PD No. 765 was enacted establishing and
consulting the INTEGRATED NATIONAL POLICE
composed of the Philippine Constabulary as the
nucleus and the Integrated Police, Fire and Jail
Services of the cities and municipalities.
The Martial Law Regime and The Police Service (PC and
INP)

LT GEN FIDEL V RAMOS was the PC Chief from

1972-1975 (practically, He was the last Chief of PC
before the PC-INP Integration) and eventually
became DIRECTOR GENERAL of the INP when
INP was created in 1975 up to 1986.
GEN RAMOS was the longest serving
Chief/Director General of the PC/INP whose stint
spanned for 14 years (1972-1986).
 Philippine Constabulary: Reconstituted (February
27, 1942).
The Bureau of Constabulary and Police was
charged of the preservation of law and order in the
Philippines; it had control of the organization and
activities of all police forces.

2nd term/1st sem/22-23 #mgempesao2022 #CRI319 94

 Bureau of Investigation
The Bureau was created during the Puppet
Government in June 10, 1944 by President Jose P.
Laurel. Its function was to make investigations of all
government employees and police officers and to
"indict all extremists" and to "prevent activities against
the country

2nd term/1st sem/22-23 #mgempesao2022 #CRI319 95

 Bureau of Investigation
It is worth to note that a Department of Investigation
(D.I.) was established in November 13, 1936 by
Commonwealth Act No. 181, placed under the DOJ,
with the following duties: "help in the detection and
prosecution of crimes; to acquire, collect, classify and
preserve criminal identification records and to obtain
information on all matters affecting the public
interest.“
The D.I. was later renamed as National Bureau of
Investigation (NBI) in June 19, 1947 through R.A.
No. 157. However, during the Japanese occupation it
was renamed into Bureau of Investigation (B.I.)
affiliated with the PC.
#mgempesao2022 #CRI319 2nd term/1st sem/22-23 96
Tri-Bureau of the Department of the Interior and
Local Government

20XX presentation title 97

X

Tri-Bureau of the Department of the Interior and Local

Government
PNP BFP BJMP
created by R.A. No. 6975 created by R.A. No. 6975 created by R.A. No. 6975
later amended by R.A. No.
9263 (BFP and BJMP
later amended by R.A. later amended by R.A. Professionalization Act of
No. 8551 No. 9263 (BFP and BJMP 2004)
Professionalization Act of
2004)
amended by the R.A. No.
9708 amended by R.A. No. amended by R.A. No. 9592
9592 on May 8, 2009 on May 8, 2009

presentation title 20XX 98

Tri-Bureau of the Department of the Interior and
Local Government
Philippine National Police (December 13, 1990). The
Philippine National Police (PNP) was created by R.A. No.
6975 (An Act Establishing the PNP under a Reorganized
Department of the Interior and Local Government, and
for Other Purposes). It was national in scope and civilian
in character police force. It was later amended by R.A.
No. 8551 in February 25, 1998 which led to its the reform
and reorganization
Tri-Bureau of the Department of the Interior and Local
Government
Moreover, the R.A. No. 6975 also incorporated the Bureau of
Fire Protection (BFP/Fire Bureau) and the Bureau of Jail
Management and Penology (BJMP/Jail Bureau).
The Act was later amended on March 10, 2004 by R.A. No. 9263
(BFP and BJMP Professionalization Act of 2004). The R.A. No.
8551 was amended by the R.A. No. 9708 in August 12, 2009.
Similarly, the R.A. No. 9263 was amended by R.A. No. 9592 on
May 8, 2009.
Bureau of Fire Protection
Powers and Functions of the BFP
Responsible for the prevention and suppression of all destructive fires on
buildings, houses and other structures, forest, land transportation vehicles
and equipment, ships or vessels docked at piers or wharves or anchored
in major seaports, petroleum industry installations, plane crashes and
other similar incidents;
The primary agency towards the enforcement of the Fire Code and other
related laws; and
Investigate all causes of fires and, if necessary, file the proper complaints
with the city or provincial prosecutor who has jurisdiction over the case
Bureau of Jail Management and Penology
Powers and Functions of the BJMP
Exercise supervision over all city and municipal jails;
and
Control over all city and municipal
 Three Developmental Stages of Policing by Richard
Lundman
First Stage: Informal Policing. All members of a society share
equally in the responsibility for providing protection and keeping
order.
Second Stage: Transitional Policing. It occurs when police
functions are informally assigned to particular members of the
society. This stage serves as a transition into Formal Policing
Third Stage: Formal Policing. It occurs where specific members
of the community assume formal responsibility for protection
and social control.