POLICE ORGANIZATION AND MANAGEMENT

Definition of the Term “POLICE”

“POLITIA”,a Roman word means condition of the state, government and administration.
POLITIA originated from the GREEK WORD “POLITEIA”, which means government, citizenship or
the entire activity of a POLIS-a city.

In the broadest sense, the term “POLICE” means the internal organization or regulation of the
state, the control and regulation of a community, through the exercise of the constitutional power of the
government. (Webster Dictionary)

In the less broad sense, the term “POLICE” denotes that power of the government which is
concern with the maintenance of tranquility, public order, peace, security, security of persons and
property, and the protection of public health and morale.

In the very restricted sense, the word “POLICE” refers exclusively to the body of armed men
which as an institution, capable of exercising its duties by armed physical forces in the preservation and
detection of crime and the execution of laws.

ORGANIZATION

- a group of persons working together for a common goal or objectives.

- a form of human association for the attainment of a goal or objective.

POLICE ORGANIZATION

a group of trained personnel in the field of public safety administration engaged in the
achievement of goals and objectives that promotes the maintenance of peace and order, protection of life
and property, enforcement of the laws and the prevention of crimes.

LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCY

- pertains to an organization responsible for enforcing the laws.

- the collective term for professionals who are dedicated to upholding and enforcing the laws and statutes
that are currently in force in a given jurisdiction.

TYPES OF ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE

 The Line Organization

it is often called the individual, military or department type of organization, is the simplest and
perhaps the oldest type. The channel of authority and responsibility extend in a direct line from top to
bottom within the organizational structure. Its greatest advantage is that it is utterly simple, it involves
a division of the work into units with person in charge who was complete control and can held
directly responsible or accountable for results, or lack of them. Quick decisions can be made in line
organization because of the line of authority
 THE FUNCTIONAL ORGANIZATION
it divides responsibility and authority between several specialists, such as the person responsible
for all training, the employee directing the community relations activities of all units within the
department handling a case involving a juvenile. The functional responsibility of each functional
 manager is limited to the particular activity over which he has control, regardless of who performs the
functions.

 THE LINE AND STAFF ORGANIZATION

it is a combination of staff specialist or units with line organization so that service of knowledge
can be provided line personnel by specialist such as the criminalistics, the training officer the research
and development specialist, the public relation officer, and the intelligence specialist. Channels of
authority and responsibility is to think and provide expertise for the line units which are responsible
for doing. The line supervisor must remember the he obtains advice from staff specialists, not
commands.

THEORIES OF POLICE SERVICE

 
1) CONTINENTAL THEORY
= is the theory of police service which maintains that police officers are servants of
higher authorities. This theory prevails in the continental countries like France, Italy and Spain.

 
2) HOME RULE THEORY
- the theory of police service which states that police officers are servants of the community or the
people. This theory prevails in England and United States.
DEVELOPMENT OF POLICING IN THE INTERNATIONAL SETTING

CONCEPTS OF POLICE SERVICE

1)OLD CONCEPT
- states that the yardstick of police efficiency relies on the number of arrest made.

2) MODERN CONCEPT
- states that the yardstick of police efficiency relies on the absence of crime.

HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF POLICING

A. Anglo Saxon (Ancient England) Period – 600-1066 A.D.

1. Thanes Policing System
 It was introduced by King Alfred the great
 A type of internal police force where landowners throughout the kingdom were
responsibly to police their own territory.
 Landowners were empowered to arrest offenders and deliver the to the king.
 The landowners were also empowered civil litigations
2. Frankpledge Policing System
 This policing system was carried out under a system of mutual pledge.
 Every male over twelve (12) years old joined nine (9) of his neighbors to form
tythingmen.
 Said tythingmen performed police works and anyone who failed to join and perform this
duty was severely fined.
 Policing responsibility lies on the hands of the citizen
3. Tun Policing System
  This policing system required all male residents to guard the town to preserve peace
and order, protect the life and property of the people and suppress other factors
affecting peace and order.
 Tun was the forerunner of the word “town.
4. HUe and Cry Policing system
 Complainant or victim will go to the middle of the community and shout to call all male
residents to assemble.
 Once heard, male residents will automatically assemble to go after the criminal and
apprehend him.
5. Royal Judge System
 The royal judge conducts criminal investigation and gives appropriate punishment for the
crime committed.
 It started the identification of criminals
6. Trial by ordeal
 It requires a suspect to put his hands over boiling water or is required to perform any
other act which may hurt him.
 If he was hurt, the society considered him guilty; otherwise, he was not considered guilty.
 This was in accordance with the belief by the people before that God will protect the
innocent one from being hurt.
B. Normal Period – 1066-1285
1. Shire-Reeve System
 It was observed during the time when King William Norman became the ruler of England
 King Norman divided the kingdom into 55 military districts known as Shire-Reeves.
 Shire – used to refer to a district
 Reeve – used to refer to the ruler of the district who made laws, rendered judgment, and
imposed penalties.
2. Court of the Tourn
 It settles a range of cases, more often dealing with petty offenses and civil matters.
 From the Court, 12 tythingmen were selected to hear serious cases.
3. Court Leet
 To handle local legal matters in some, but all, communities, the Nornans established the
Court Leet which looked after matters of purely local interest and petty village nuisances.
 The Comes Stable was also appointed by the king to be “Master of the House”.
 Comes Stable became Constable which is used today to refer to members of the police force.
4. Legis Henrie
 This law was passed during the time of Kin Henry I which imposed the following features:
 Law violations were classified as offenses against the King.
 Policemen were considered as public officials.
 The police and the citizens were given the power to conduct arrest.
 Grand Jury was created to inquire on the facts of the law.
5. Keepers of the Peace
 It was issued by King Richard of England in 1195.
 It reuires the appointment of knihts to keep the Kin’s peace.
 The knights were posted on bridges and gates to check the people entering aand leaving the
town or cities.
6. Magna Carta (Great Charter)
 It was sealed by King John of England on June 15, 1215 which became a law upon the
demand of the knights of the Round Table.
 It declared the following:
 a. No freemen shall be taken or imprisoned, disposed, outlawed, or bowed except by legal
judgment of his peers.
b. No person should be tried for murder unless there is proof of the body of the victim.
c. There should be national and local government as well as the national and local
legislation.

C. Westminster Period (1285-1500)

1. Statue of Winchester (1285)
 It was enacted for law and order.
 This law introduced the Watch and Ward system.
2. Statute of 1295
 It began the closing of the gates of London during sunset.
 This started the observation of the curfew hours.
3. Justice of the Peace
 This was a position given to a respected citizen, who has the power to arrest
Pursue and imprison offenders.
4. Star Chamber Court
 This was established as a special court that tried offenders against the state.
 Later on, it became both a court of law to determine civil rights and a court of revenue to
enrich treasury.

D. Modern Period
1. Night Watchmen or Bellmen
 It was created by virtue of a lwa passed by King Charles II in 1663
 They were employed to be on duty from sunset to sunrise.
2. Bow Street Runners (Thief Catchers)
 It was organized by Henry Fielding, Chief Magistrate of Bow Street in London in 1748.
 Later on, he formed the Bow Street House Patrol whose duty was to patrol the main roads
thus secure the travelers from highway bandits.
3. London Metropolitan Police
 It was established by Sir Robert Peel in 1829 which became the world’s first modern
organized police force.
 It was later called Scotland Yard

E. French Police System

1. During the 17th century, King Louis XIV maintained a small central police organization
consisting of some 40 inspectors who, with the help of numerous paid informants, supplied
the government with details about the conduct of private individuals.
2. Officer de Paix (1791)
 It was called the origin of the term peace officers
3. Sergent de Ville (Servant of the City)
 These were called the uniformed police officers
4. Other contributions:
 Conceiving street signs
 Assigning house numbers
 Creating emergency and rescue services
 Use of police ambulances
 Use of warrant card and ID signifying authority to arrest
 F. American Police System
1. Rattlewatch
 It was organized in New York, Philadelphia and Boston which was similar to the night
watchmen in London created during the reign of King Charles II
 They carried rattles while on duty to inform the public of their watchful presence.
2. Municipal Police Force
a. Night Watch(1638) – Boston, Masschussetts
b. Rattlewatch (1658) – New York
c. Night watch (1700) – Philadelphia
d. Introduction of police regulation that “No watchman has the liberty to sleep” (1722) –
New haven, Connecticut
e. It became a government policy that able-bodied male over 16 years old were required to
serve without pay (1800).
f. Daytime police with pay (1833)
g. Full police uniform(1856) – New York City
3. State Police Force
a. Texas Rangers (1835)
b. State Constables (1865)
c. Pennsylvania State Police (1905)
4. Federal Police Force
a. Post Office Inspection System(1829)
b. Investigation on crimes against government(1861)
c. Detective forces(1868) were formed to investigate problems on revenue services,
immigration and smuggling.
d. In 1934, Federal government attention focused on lotteries, drug regulations, and
transportation guidelines.
e. Enactment of the Anti-White Slavery Act and Motor Vehicle Act (1910)
f. In, 1934, National Kidnapping Act, Banking Act, and Racketeering Act were passed by
the United Stes Congress.

POLICE SYSTEMS UNDER TRIBAL COMMUNITIES

The police under Philippine settings primitively evolved from the practice of different tribes to
select able-bodied young men to protect their villages, not from the assault of criminals, but from the
depredation of wild animals, which prey on their crops and livestock’s during the night.

The function of what is now Police Station devolved from the HEADMAN. He exercised his duty
by employing all the males of the tribes as guardians of his people and he confirms his choice among the
able- bodied males only.

A. SPANISH PERIOD

Carabineros de Seguridad Publico

- the carabineros de seguridad Publica was organized in 1712 to carry out the regulation of the
Department of state.
-it was the earlier version of mounted riflemen in the history of police system.
-in 1781 it was given the special commission of government custodian of the tobacco monopoly.
-in 1842, through a Royal Decree, it was organized and called Cuerpo de Carabineros
deSeguridad Publica with duties became police-like and more genral, including the following:
 a. Prosecution of law breakers and criminals
b. Maintainance of peace, order and security
c. Execution or enforcement of laws and ordinances.

The Guardrilleros (January 8 1836)

-organized in 1836 in each town through a Royal Decree, it was known as “Rural Police”
The duties of Guadrilleros ar the following:
a. to maintain public security and order in town
b. to make patrol
c. to guard dark and unsafe places;
d. to guard the tribunal or municipal building and prison houses.
e. to conduct prisoners;
f. to carry mails at time;and
g. and many other odd duties in the town.

Guardia Civil
– Created on Feb 12, 1852 by virtue of a Royal Decree, to partially relieve the Spanish Peninsular troops
of their work in policing towns. It consisted of a body of Filipino Policemen each of the Provincial
Capitals of the Central Province of Luzon under the ALCALDE (Governor). This semi-military police
institution was armed as the Spanish Infantry, very martial in appearance because of its bright and showy
uniform and distinctively prominent insignia, plus a rigidly maintained military bearing. It gave the
Spanish Colonial Government a tremendous power to control and centralized police administration, thus
enabling the supreme head to dictate the policies in maintaining peace and order.

B. AMERICAN OCCUPATION

1. Insular Police Force (November 30, 1890)

 It was established during the Filipino-American war (1898-1901) upon the recommendation
of the Philippine Commission to the Secretary of War.
2. Insular Constabulary July 18, 1901)
 It was created by virtue of act No. 175 otherwise known as “An Act Providing for the
Organization and Government of an Insular Constabulary”.
 The members were declared peace officers and were authorized and empowered to prevent
and suppress brigandage, unlawful assemblies, riots, insurrections and other breaches of the
peace and violation of law.
3. Manila Police Department (MPD) – July 31,1901
 It was organized by virtue of act no. 183 of the Philippine Commission.
 Capt. George Curry – a U.S. Army officer appointed by the TAFT Commission on
August 7, 1901 as the first Chief of Police.
 Capt. Columbus Piatt - last American Chief of Police (COP) of MPD before World
War II broke out.
 Col. Antonio C. Torres – first Filipino COP when MPD became an all Filipino police
organization; declared Manila as an open city when World War II broke out in 1941;
during the WWII, MPD was placed again under American control.
 Col. Marcus Ellis Jones – a U.S> Provost Marshall who was named as MPD Chief of
Police just after the Manila Liberation
 Col. Lamberto T. Javalera - the first Filipino COP of MPD appointed by Pres. Roxas
under the Republic Government
4. Philippine Constabulary (October 3, 1901)
 Insular Constabulary was changed to Phil. Constabulary by virtue of Act No. 255
  Capt. Henry T. Allen – first Chief of the Phil. Constabulary from 1901-1907 such that
he was called as the Father of the Constabulary in the Philippines
 Brig/Gen. Rafael Crame – first Filipino Chief of Police. He served as the PC Chief from
1917-1927.

C. JAPANESE OCCUPATION
1. Kempetai –
 Japanese Military Police held responsible in maintaining peace and order in Manila and
adjacent urban areas
 It ruled the urban areas until General Douglas Mc. Arthur returned on February 7, 1945.
 The Kempetai was the military police force andministered by the Japanese War Ministry
during WWII over the occupied Territories of Japan. Specially trained in interrogation
methods, its task was to crush all resistance to military rule and it had powers to arrest
and extract information from civilians and military alike.

METHOD OF INTERROATION
a. Corporal beatings
b. Water Torture
c. Electric Torture
d. Burning
e. Dislocation of limbs
f. Psychological torture
g. Threats to families

2. Metropolitan Constabulary
 It was uunder the Bureau of Constabulary
 It was formerly known as Manila Police Department during the American Occupation

PNP History

March 23, 1901 - eventual capture of General Emilio Aguinaldo, leader of first Philippine
Republic end the Filipino-American War.

Organic Act No. 175 - Creation of Insular Police Force "An Act Providing for the organization
and Government of an Insular Constabulary and for the inspection of the municipal police". (July 18,
1901)

General Henry T. Alien was designated as Chief of Constabulary on August 8, 1901.

July 31, 1901 – Manila Police Department was formally organized by virtue of ACT NO. 183 by
the Philippine Commission.

Oct 3, 1901 - Insular Constabulary was renamed to Philippine Constabulary.

Brig. General Rafael Crame - was designated as the first Filipino Chief of Phil. Constabulary
1935 - Creation of the Philippine Army, ended the PC as Insular Police Force.
1936 - PC was placed under the Chief of Staff of Phil. Army until it was dissolved.
 Commonwealth Act No.88 - October 26, 1936. Creation of State Police (Consolidation of
Municipal/city police force & provincial guards) who were entrusted with the insular police duties of the
defunct Philippine Constabulary and were put under the supervision of Department of Interior.

1938 – PC was reactivated and placed under the Department of Interior

December 8, 1941 – Japanese bombing of Pearl Harbor signaled the beginning of World War 2
April 9, 1942 - Surrender of the Bataan, Fil-American troops with the Japanese High Command.
Beginning of Death March, PC members sprang and became guerillas. The Japanese organized there own
version of Philippine Constabulary which they called Bureau of Constabulary.

RA 4864 – Police Act of 1966, “An act creating the Police Commission”, amending and revising
the laws relating to the Local Police System and for other purposes”. This act was approved on Sept 8,
1966. This act created the Police Commission under the Office of the President which later became the
National Police Commission.

September 21, 1972 – Martial Law “Proclamation 1081”

Presidential Decree No. 421 (1974)

 Integrated the city/municipal police force, the jail and fire departments within the greater Manila
area headed by the Commanding General, Philippine Constabulary Metropolitan Command

Article XV, Section 12, 1973 Constitution - “The State shall establish and maintain an Integrated
National Police Force whose organization, administration and operation shall be provided by law”.

PD 765 - August 8, 1975 – entitled “providing for the Constitution of the Integrated National
Police and for other purposes”.

Section 1. There is hereby established and constituted the Integrated National Police which shall
be composed of the Philippine Constabulary as the Nucleus, and the Integrated Police Forces as
components, under the Department of National Defense. The Head of the INP was the Director General;
who at the same time the Chief of the Constabulary thereby the PC remained and continued to be a major
branch of service of the AFP.

Article XVI, Sec 6, 1987 Constitution – “The state shall establish and maintain one police force
which shall be national in scope and civilian in character, to be administered and controlled by a National
Police Commission. The authority of local executives over the police units in their jurisdiction shall be
provided for by law”. (Aquino Administration)

RA 6975 – Dec 13, 1990 “An act establishing the PNP under the reorganized Department of
Interior and Local Government, and for other purposes”.

The principal authors of the Republic Act 6975 were Senators Ernesto Maceda and Aquilino
Pimentel, Congressmen Jose Cojuangco Jr and Rodrigo Gutang. They moved for the PNP's creation to
professionalize the police force and make it susceptible to the plight of the general public.

PDGEN CESAR P NAZARENO – 1st Director General of the PNP (Jan 29, 1991)
PDDG RAUL S IMPERIAL – 2nd Chief, PNP (1992) / Ramos Administration
 PDDG Umberto Rodriguez – 3rd Chief, PNP (1993)
PDDG Recaredo A Sarmiento II – POLICE 2000, July 8, 1994 (Ramos Administration)
 "OPLAN PAGLALANSAG" in answer to the President's call to dismantle all existing
private armed groups throughout the archipelago
 "OPLAN PAGBABAGO" as the organization's way of religiously cleansing its force of
misguided elements.

RA 8551 – Feb 25, 1998 “The Philippine National Police Reform and Reorganization Act of 1998”.

PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE

organized pursuant to RA 6975, as amended by RA 8551
-a law enforcement agency under the DILG.
-under administrative control and operational supervision of the National Police Commission.
-it is an organization that is national in scope and civilian in character, as provided by Article XVI,
Section 6 of the 1987 Philippine Constitution:
“The state shall establish and maintain one police force which shall be national in scope and civilian in
character…”
-headed by the Chief, PNP, with the rank of Director General, appointed by the President and who shall
serve a term of office of four (4) years.

NATIONAL IN SCOPE
- means that the PNP is a nationwide government organization whose jurisdiction covers the entire
breadth of the Philippine archipelago.
- all uniformed and non-uniformed personnel of the PNP are national government employees.
 
CIVILIAN IN CHARACTER
- means that that the PNP is not a part of the military, although it retains some military attributes such as
discipline.

PNP Motto
WE SERVE AND PROTECT

Our Core Values

SERVICE HONOR JUSTICE

PNP Constitutional Basis

Section 4, Article II of the 1987 Constitution provides that, "... it is the policy of the State to
promote peace and order, ensure public safety and further strengthen local government capability aimed
towards the effective delivery of basic services for the citizenry through the establishment of a highly and
competent police force that is national in scope and civilian in character".

PNP Functions (Section 24, RA 6975)

1. Statutory Power of the Police, such as:

1. To enforce the laws and ordinances relative to the protection of lives and properties;
2. To maintain peace and order and take all the necessary steps to ensure public safety;
3. To investigate and prevent crime , effect the arrest of criminal offenders, bring offenders to
justice and assist in their prosecution;
 4. To detain an arrested person for a period not beyond what is prescribed by law, informing the
person so detained of all his rights under the constitution;
5. To exercise the general powers to make arrest, search and seizure and pertinent laws.

2. Licensing, Supervisory and Control, and Training, such as:

1. To issue licenses for the possession of firearms and explosives in accordance with law; and
2. Supervise and control the training and operations of security agencies and issue license to operate
security agencies, and to security guards and private detectives for the practice of their
profession;
3. To train students taking up their baccalaureate, vocational or technical courses in undergoing Law
Enforcement Service Program in compliance of the National Service Law.

3. Deputized Statutory Power of the Police, that is, to perform such other duties and exercise all other
functions as maybe provided by law:
1. To enforce election laws during the conduct of election;
2. To enforce laws involving agriculture, environment and natural resources;
3. To enforce laws involving land transportation;

PNP Seal Symbolism

Lapu-Lapu Hero - The great Filipino hero of

Mactan, the prototype of the best and most noble in Filipino
manhood who is the symbol and embodiment of all the
genuine attributes of leadership, courage, nationalism, self-
reliance and a people-based and people powered community
defense. The benevolent and heroic warrior who derived
added strength from a cohesive, determined and loyal people
is today a fitting symbol and a prototype as well of people
power to preserve our values, customs, traditions, way of life and the rule of law thru a solidly
community-based police system. Lapu-Lapu also personifies for us today civilian constitutional authority.

Laurel - Green Laurel with 14 leaves, symbolizes the 14 Regional Commands. It is also a symbol
of the honor, dignity and the privilege of being a member of a noble organization where the call to public
service is par excellence a commitment to public trust.

Shield - The symbol of the Philippine Constabulary, the first National Police by virtue of Organic
Act No. 175, enacted by the Philippine Commission on 18 July 1901.

Three Stars - Luzon, Visayas and Mindanao and the 1,700 islands and the territorial integrity
wherein the National Police must enforce the law and maintain peace and order with professionalism, zeal
and dedication in keeping with the highest ideals and traditions of service to our country and people.

Service • Honor • Justice - Added distinct ideals for the officers, men and women of the PNP to
insure efficiency, integrity, cohesiveness, camaraderie and equanimity to enhance community acceptance
and support to attain its mission of peace keeping and law enforcement.

Sun - Symbolize the flowering, maturing and ultimate realization of the glorious evolution of the
PC/INP into a National Police Organization - "national in scope and civilian in character" - as enshrined
in the 1986 Constitution. The Traditional light rays which represents the fightingest provinces whose
ideals of courage and patriotism the members of the National Police must possess.

PNP Badge Symbolism

Philippine Monkey Eating Eagle The National Bird - symbol of

swiftness and ferocity, power, courage and immortality.

PNP Shield - Symbol of protection of all citizens.

Three Stars - Stands for Luzon, Visayas and Mindanao which

constitute the Republic's Territorial Integrity over which the PNP
must enforce the law and maintain peace and order with
professionalism, zeal and dedication in keeping with the highest
ideals and traditions of service to God, Country and People.

Eight Sun Rays - Represents the eight (8) provinces whose ideals of courage, gallantry
patriotism led to their revolt against Spain.

Lapu-Lapu - Symbolizes the bravery of the Philippine National Police.

Service, Honor, Justice - Service is the vibrant and cogent deeds and actions in response to the
needs and wants of the people in distress: Honor could be the overriding criterion and consideration in the
performance of their entrusted task or mission: and Justice dispensed to everyone whatever is due to him
without favoritism or discrimination of any sort.

Laurel Leaves - Symbolizes the competency, brilliance and honor in the field of endeavor
expected from each and every member of the PNP.

POLICE ORGANIZATION

Sec 25, R.A. 6975 Organization – The PNP shall be headed by a Chief who shall be assisted by
two (2) deputy chief, one (1) for operations and one (1) for administration, both of whom shall be
appointed by the President upon recommendation of the Commission from among the most senior and
qualified officers in the service: Provided, however, That in no case shall any officer who has retired or is
retirable within six (6) months from his compulsory retirement age be appointed as Chief of the PNP. The
PNP shall be composed of a national office, regional offices, provincial offices, district offices, city or
municipal stations.

PNP National Office – Camp Crame, Quezon City.

PNP Regional office shall be headed by a regional director.
PNP Provincial Offices shall be headed by a provincial director. In the case of large provinces,
police districts may be established by the Commission to be headed by a district director.
City or municipal level, there shall be a PNP station, each headed by a chief of police.
 REPUBLIC ACT No. 8551

AN ACT PROVIDING FOR THE REFORM AND REORGANIZATION OF THE PHILIPPINE

NATIONAL POLICE AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES, AMENDING CERTAIN PROVISIONS OF
REPUBLIC ACT NUMBERED SIXTY-NINE HUNDRED AND SEVENTY-FIVE ENTITLED, "AN
ACT ESTABLISHING THE PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE UNDER A RE-ORGANIZED
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT, AND FOR OTHER
PURPOSES"

Relationship of the Department with the Department of National Defense

The DILG shall be relieved of the primary responsibility on matters involving the suppression of
insurgency and other serious threats to national security. The PNP shall, through information gathering
and performance of its ordinary police functions, support the AFP on matters involving suppression of
insurgency. (In EO 546 the PNP was directed by the President to take active part on the suppression of
insurgency)

General Qualifications for Appointment in the PNP

a) A citizen of the Philippines;
b) A person of good moral conduct;
c) Must have passed the psychiatric/psychological, drug and physical tests to be administered by
the PNP or by any NAPOLCOM accredited government hospital for the purpose of determining physical
and mental health;
d) Must possess a formal baccalaureate degree from a recognized institution of learning;
e) Must be eligible in accordance with the standards set by the Commission;
f) Must not have been dishonorably discharged from military employment or dismissed for cause
from any civilian position in the Government;
g) Must not have been convicted by final judgment of an offense or crime involving moral
turpitude;
h) Must be at least one meter and sixty-two centimeters (1.62 m) in height for male and one meter
and fifty-seven centimeters (1.57 m.) for female;
i) Must weigh not more or less than five kilograms (5 kgs.) from the standard weight
corresponding to his or her height, age, and sex; and
j) For a new applicant, must not be less than twenty-one (21) nor more than thirty (30) years of
age: except for the last qualification, the above-enumerated qualifications shall be continuing in character
and an absence of any one of them at any given time shall be a ground for separation or retirement from
the service: Provided, That PNP members who are already in the service upon the effectivity of this Act
shall be given at least two (2) more years to obtain the minimum educational qualification and one (1)
year to satisfy the weight requirement.

Waivers for Initial Appointments to the PNP - age, height, weight, and educational requirements
for initial appointment to the PNP may be waived only when the number of qualified applicants falls
below the minimum annual quota
Organization of the PNP:

Designation Rank
Chief Police General
Deputy Chief, Administration Police Lieutenant General
Deputy Chief, Operation Police Lieutenant General
Chief Directorial Staff Police Lieutenant General

They are assisted by (12) Staff Directorates, namely:

Designation Rank

Director, DPRM Police Major General

Director, HRDD Police Major General
Director, Logistics Police Major General
Director, Research and Development Police Major General
Director, Comptrollership Police Major General
Director, Intelligence Police Major General
Director, Operations Police Major General
Director, Plans Police Major General
Director, PCR Police Major General
Director, Investigation & detective Mngt. Police Major General
Director, Integrated Police Operation Police Major General
Director Info. & Cmmunication Tech. Mngt. Police Major General

Other Offices:
Designation Rank
Inspector-General Police Brigadier General
Regional Directors, all Regions Police Brigadier General
NCR Director Police Major General
Provincial Directors, all provinces Police Colonel
Chief of Police, City/Municipal PO Police MAjor/Police Captain
 
Administrative Support Units:
1. Logistics Support Service
2. Information Technology Management Service
3. Finance Service
4. Health Service
5. Communication and Electronic Service
6. Chaplain Service
7. Legal Service
8. Headquarters Support Service
9. Engineering Service
10. Training Service

Operation Support Groups:

1. Maritime Group
2. Intelligence Group
3. Police Security and Protection Group
4. Criminal Investigation and Detection Group
5. Special Action Force
6. Aviation Security Group
7. Highway Patrol Group
8. Police Community Relation Group
9. Civil Security Group
10. Crime Laboratory

POLICE REGIONAL OFFICES

-the PNP is divided into seventeen (17) police regional offices (PRO), each headed by a Regional
Director;
PRO 1 – 13, NCRPO, CAR, and ARMM

PROVINCIAL POLICE OFFICES

-for every region, there are provincial offices, each headed by a Provincial Director
-in large provinces, police districts may be established to be headed by a District Director
-at the city or municipal levels or stations, each is headed by a Chief of Police

MANNING LEVELS (POLICE-TO-POPULATION RATIO)

1:500 – nationwide average

1:1000 – minimum police-to-population ratio

 
DISTRICT OFFICES
NCRPO is divided into five (5) districts, each headed by a District Director:
1. Manila Police District (MPD) (formerly Western Police District)- Manila
2. Eastern Police District (EPD) – Marikina, Pasig, San Juan and Mandaluyong,
3. Northern Police District (NPD) – Caloocan, Malabon, Navotas, Valenzuela
4. Central Police District (CPD) – Quezon City
5. Southern Police District (SPD) – Pasay, Makati, Paranaque, Las Pinas, Muntinlupa, Taguig and
Pateros
RANK CLASSIFICATION

OLD NEW

DIRECTOR-GENERAL POLICE GENERAL

DEPUTY DIRECTOR GENERAL POLICE LIEUTENANT GENERAL
DIRECTOR POLICE MAJOR GENERAL
CHIEF SUPERINTENDENT POLICE BRIGADIER GENERAL
SENIOR SUPERINTENDENT POLICE COLONEL
SUPERINTENDENT POLICE LIEUTENANT COLONEL
CHIEF INSPECTOR POLICE MAJOR
SENIOR INSPECTOR POLICE CAPTAIN
INSPECTOR POLICE LIEUTENANT
SPO4 POLICE EXEXUTIVE MASTER SERGEANT
SPO3 POLICE CHIEF MASTER
SERGEANT
SPO2 POLICE SENIOR MASTER
SERGEANT
SPO1 POLICE SERGEANT
PO3 POLICE STAFF SERGEANT
PO2 POLICE CORPORAL
PO1 PATROLMAN/PATROLWOMAN

Appointment of PNP Officers and Members

(a) Police Officer I to Senior Police Officer IV – Appointed by the Regional Director and
attested by the Civil Service Commission.
(b) Inspector to Superintendent. – Appointed by the Chief, PNP
(c) Senior Superintendent to Deputy Director General. – Appointed by the President upon
recommendation of the chief of the PNP, with proper endorsement by the Chairman of the Civil Service
Commission and subject to confirmation by the Commission on Appointments; and
(d) Director General. – Appointed by the President from among the senior officers down to the
rank of chief superintendent in the service, subject to confirmation by the Commission on Appointments.
 NATIONAL POLICE COMMISSION

- an agency attached to the DILG for policy coordination.

-shall exercise administrative control and operational supervision over the PNP.

COMPOSITION:

-consist of a Chairperson, four (4) regular Commissioners and the Chief of PNP as ex officio member.

-shall serve a term of office of six (6) years without reappointment or extension.

-three of the regular commissioners shall come from civilian sector who are neither active nor former
members of the police or military.

-the fourth regular commissioner shall come from the law enforcement sector either active or retired.
Provided, that an active member of a law enforcement agency shall be considered resigned once
appointed.

at least one (1) of the four regular commissioners shall be a woman.

-from among the three regular commissioners from the civilian sector, the Vice Chairperson shall be
chosen.
-the Vice Chairperson shall act as the Executive Officer of the Commission.

EXAMINATION AND ELIGIBILITY

The National Police Commission shall administer the entrance and promotional examinations for
police officers on the basis of the standards set by the Commission (as amended by RA 8551).
 
-POLICE ENTRANCE EXAMINATION – taken by applicants of the PNP
 
-POLICE PROMOTIONAL EXAMINATIONS – taken by in-service police officers as part of the
mandatory requirements for promotion.
 
POLICE OFFICER EXAMINATION
SENIOR POLICE OFFICER EXAMINATION
INSPECTOR EXAMINATION
SUPERINTENDENT EXAMINATION
 
NAPOLCOM MEMORANDUM CIRCULAR NO. 2008-003

The appropriate eligibilities for PO1 are those acquired from the following:

- NAPOLCOM PNP Entrance Examination

- R.A. No. 6506 (Licensed Criminologist)
- R.A. No. 1080 (Bar and Board Examinations of baccalaureate degree)
- P.D. 907 (Granting Civil Service Eligibility to College Honor Graduates)
- Civil Service Professional
NAPOLCOM MEMORANDUM CIRCULAR NO. 2008-016

Promotional Examinations.

-Members of the Bar and Licensed Criminologists whose profession are germane to law
enforcement and police functions are no longer required to take promotional examinations.
- Up to the rank of Superintendent.

APPOINTMENT OF UNIFORMED PNP PERSONNEL

PO1 to SPO4 – Appointed by the PNP Regional Director for regional personnel or by the Chief
PNP for the National Headquarters personnel and attested by the CSC.

INSP to SUPT – Appointed by the Chief of the PNP, as recommended by their immediate
superiors and attested by CSC.

SSUPT to DDG – Appointed by the President, recommended by the C, PNP, with endorsement
from the CSC and confirmation by the Commission on Appointments.

Director General – Appointed by the President from among the senior officers down to the rank
of Chief Superintendent subject to confirmation of the CSC.