11_Poojita_Mishra_Draft EIA report KSEZ (1)-283-374
11_Poojita_Mishra_Draft EIA report KSEZ (1)-283-374
11_Poojita_Mishra_Draft EIA report KSEZ (1)-283-374
The impact assessment indicates that the proposed industrial park project has significant
negative change/impact due to change in criteria air contaminants concentration in
ambient air and change in health and odor related contaminants, moderately negative
effects on vegetation due to both dry and wet deposition in the impact area, negative
impact/change due to greenhouse gas emissions, slightly negative change/impact due to
change in greenhouse gas generation and effects on soil due to dry and wet deposition, and
slightly negative effect due to eutrophication of sensitive ecosystem due to N2O deposition.
while the change/impact on soil due to dry and wet deposition shall be negative. The
failure of control equipment may occasionally lead to change in visibility episodically,
otherwise, making the impact slightly negative.
Magnitude of change/
Cumulative (B3)
(aT) x (bT) = ES
(a1) x (a2) = aT
condition (A1)
Importance of
Significance
effect (A2)
Change in Criteria air contaminants 3 -2 3 3 3 -6 9 -54 -D
Change in health and odor related contaminants 3 -2 2 2 3 -6 7 -42 -D
Change in greenhouse gases 2 -1 2 2 3 -2 7 -14 -B
change in visibility 1 -1 1 1 1 -1 3 -3 -A
Effects on vegetation due to dry and wet deposition 2 -2 2 2 3 -4 7 -28 -C
Effects on soil due to dry and wet deposition 2 -1 2 2 3 -2 7 -14 -B
Eutrophication of sensitive ecosystem due N20 deposition 1 -1 2 2 1 -1 5 -5 -A
Predictions of ground-level concentrations of the pollutants were carried out based on-site
meteorological data collected during the study period. For calculation of predicted
ground-level concentrations, ISC AERMOD model of Lakes Environmental based on
USEPA, AERMOD algorithms, was used; as it’s based on a more sophisticated algorithm
incorporating deposition, better algorithm for area sources, etc. The required data on
emission was obtained from the proponent, and all sources were considered.
Mixing Height
The mixing heights for ambient air quality predictions are adopted from Atlas of Hourly
Mixing Height and Assimilative Capacity of Atmosphere in India by S.D Attri, Siddartha
Singh, B. Mukhopadhya, and A.K Bhatnagar, Published by Indian Metrological
Department, New Delhi. 2008. The mixing heights range from 300 to 1450 m during the
summer season. There is no record of inversion for this area (Reference: Atlas of Hourly
Mixing Height and Assimilative Capacity of Atmosphere in India by S.D Attri, Siddartha
Singh, B. Mukhopadhya and A.K Bhatnagar, Published by Indian Metrological
Department, New Delhi. 2008).
The sources of air pollution from the proposed project are the boilers, and DG sets. The
major pollutants generated from the fuel combustion are SO2, NOx, and Particulate Matter.
Based on fuel analysis and combustion details the emission rates of the above pollutants
are calculated. The speciation of PM based on the particle size was done using AP-42
emission factors of USEPA during construction. The emission rates during construction
and operation are presented in Table 4.8 and Table 4.9 respectively.
Stack
Stack Stack Stack Pollutant Emission
Stack Temp. of
Height, Diameter, Velocity, rate, g/sec
connected to Exhaust
m m m/sec
Gases, OC PM SO2 NOX
5 x 1050 kVA
6.5 0.4 180 12.5 0.003 0.08 0.10
DG set*
* DG sets will be used during load shutdown by APTRANSCO.
Predictions of ground-level concentrations of the pollutants were carried out based on-site
meteorological data collected during the study period. For calculation of ground-level
concentrations (GLCs), a grid of 20 km X 20 km with a receptor interval of 1000 meters is
considered.
It may be observed that the predicted maximum 24 hourly GLCs for construction period
for PM10, PM2.5, SO2, and NOx are 3.42, 1.37, 1.10, and 4.20 g/m3, respectively, and the
maximum values are observed within the site considering the observed meteorological
data during the study period, whereas the DG set usage is only during load shut down
from APEPDCL. Cumulative concentrations at various villages during construction are
presented in Table 4.10.
It may be observed that the predicted maximum 24 hourly GLCs during operation phase
are PM10, PM2.5, SO2 and NOx are 3.76, 1.69, 21, 27.86 g/m3, respectively, and the
maximum values are observed within the site area.
The cumulative concentrations at various villages are tabulated. It may be observed from
the table that the predicted results show that the incremental rise over the existing baseline
status of ambient air quality is within the limits prescribed by National Ambient Air
Quality standards (NAAQ), and hence the impact due to the proposed project is low on
ambient air quality. Hence, the control measures and height of the stack is sufficient to
disperse the pollutants into the atmosphere and keeping the baseline levels within the
prescribed limits. The predicted ground-level concentrations are graphically displayed for
PM10, PM2.5, SO2, and NOx, respectively in Figure 4.15, Figure 4.16, Figure 4.17, and Figure
4.18 respectively. The cumulative concentration of baseline data and predicted values is
presented in Table 4.11.
The operational phase emissions are mainly from common utilities like boilers and DG
sets consisting of particulate matter, SO2 and NOx, while effluent treatment, solvent
recovery operations are also a source of diffuse emissions mainly containing volatile
organic compounds. The multi-product industrial park will consist of synthetic organic
chemical and or inorganic chemical manufacturing units, in addition to red and orange
category units. The majority of the synthetic organic chemical industries are a source of
process, diffuse and fugitive emissions, while inorganic industries like chloralkali are a
source of diffuse emissions of Cl2, HCl, acid fumes etc. The process emissions are
normally passed through scrubbers to mitigate the emission release into atmosphere.
The diffuse emissions are mainly controlled by provision of condensers and or scrubbers.
The activity during operation of various common facilities and operation of individual
units (typical) are reviewed with respect to emissions and the mitigation measures
proposed are presented in Table 4.13. The emissions from utilities like boilers, thermic
fluid heaters and DG sets are mainly conveyed through point sources of tall stacks after
passing through air pollution control equipment. The diffuse emissions are mainly
mitigated and or controlled by effective work practices, engineering controls and water
sprinkling/dry fogging. The fugitive emissions are mitigated by provision of water
sprinkling/dry fogging.
The industrial park site is in coastal area with a relief of about 4 m except for a mound in
an area of 8 acres, with multiple drains passing across the site both vertically and
horizontally. Majority of the site area was under intensive agriculture when it was
acquired 15 years with its water channels and return drains. Most of these return drains
join Jammeru flowing from northeast to southwest across the site. Jammeru turns into a
creek in the southwestern boundary of the site attracting CRZ regulation. The design of
the stormwater drain network shall consider the increased volumes of runoff. The
industrial park construction also increases the impervious areas resulting in increased
runoff volume and change in quality during monsoon due to construction of infrastructure
and also multiple roofs of member units. The biggest threat to the surface water regime is
the release of process materials into drains and spills of other liquids resulting in
contaminated water joining surface water streams. The emissions from the park which are
significantly large have the potential to acidifying the watercourses and water bodies due
to dry and wet deposition. The impacts due to various activities during the lifetime of the
project including emergency scenarios on water environment for both surface water and
groundwater are presented in Table 4.14 and Table 4.15 respectively. The impact
significance is calculated using RIAM and presented in Table 4.16 and Table 4.22
respectively for both surface and groundwater environment.
The impact assessment for surface water indicates that the proposed park has moderately
negative change/impact due to release of process related spills and materials
considering the predominant chemical manufacturing industry anticipated in the park.
There will be a positive impact due to the modernization and redevelopment of old
disused agricultural drainage system with an engineered drainage in the park, which
also enhances the channel morphology. Negative change/impact is anticipated due to
change in runoff quantity, change in peak runoff flow, and change in erosion and
sedimentation.
The impact assessment of groundwater indicates slightly negative change in ground water
quality, quantity, groundwater flow regime and change in ground water and surface water
interaction, mainly due to proposed ground water usage during the initial days of common
infrastructure construction until either surface water from Samalkot canal or from
desalination plant is made available.
sedimentation
Change in the
Surface water
groundwater
erosion and
surface and
interaction
deposition
Change in
Change in
Change in
Change in
Change in
Change in
leading to
drainage
quantity
channel
Quality
pattern
surface
acidity
runoff
flow
Activity
Construction Stage
Clearing and grubbing √ √ √ √ √
Leveling by way of cut and fill √ √ √ √ √
Road formation √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √
Drainage construction √ √ √ √
Foundation excavation √
Civil Construction √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √
External development and Compound √ √ √
Wall/fencing
Operation Stage – Industrial Park
Domestic wastewater transfer and treatment √ √
Storage of solvents √ √
Storage of fuels – coal, HSD etc., √ √
Solid waste storage and management √ √
Operation stage – Individual units
Regular operation
Water use √
Effluent generation √
Domestic Wastewater generation √
Utility emissions √ √
Process emissions √ √
Solid waste transfer and storage √ √
Effluent transfer and Pre-Treatment √ √
Water consumption during operation phase of the park is for process, utilities and
domestic use. The effluents are segregated into 3 different streams containing high COD
and TDS stream, low COD and TDS streams and high TDS stream. The high COD and
TDS stream is sent to effluent treatment system consisting of stripper, multiple effect
evaporator and agitated thin film dryer and the condensate from both is treated in
biological treatment system followed by common marine outfall. The high TDS stream
consisting mainly of blowdowns of utilities is neutralized followed by industrial RO
system, similarly low COD and TDS streams are treated in biological treatment system
followed by industrial RO system. The product from RO system is reused in process and
utilities while the reject is sent for blending with other treated effluents that are sent to
common marine outfall. The total effluent generation is 65.88 MLD of which 30.1 MLD
is treated and reused while 40.78 MLD is sent to marine disposal facility. The domestic
wastewater is treated in biological treatment systems and the treated wastewater is
reused for flushing, on-land irrigation and HVAC cooling towers. The mitigation and
control measures proposed for adoption during operation phase is presented in Table
4.18.
The site has a relief of 4 meters and the natural drainage in the site has to be rehabilitated
ensuring that both the inlet and outlet points of storm water drains in the site are not
disturbed. The drainage design shall consider highest rainfall in the past 50 years with
a provision for maintaining the same during pre-monsoon season. This aspect shall be
adequately addressed during detailed design stage Drainage shall be rehabilitated
considering the increased runoff after construction. The site being in the coastal area
with high water table it is not envisaged to have any rainwater harvesting structures,
and the runoff during monsoon shall be stored in the ground level surface reservoir to
be reused in process/utilities of the park and its member units.
The industrial park shall have storage tanks of 100 ML and a partition shall be made in
these tanks to store 50 ML of run-off, thereby reducing excess run-off flow into Jammeru.
The proposed drainage plan is designed considering rainfall intensity of 100 mm. The
storage tank shall ensure that the downstream drains are not flooded leading to erosion
and sedimentation. It may be noted that the runoff quantity will not change much as the
percolation in the present site is high due to predominant sandy soil in the park.
The scope for further development of groundwater in the area varies widely. Scientific
and judicious development and management of available water resource will contribute
to the overall planned development. In the area, the groundwater is supplementary
source for irrigation requirements in limited mandals, while it is the prominent source
for drinking water requirements.
The aqua culture development should be restricted to areas close to the coast only. The
practice of converting agricultural lands into aquafarms in the inland areas should be
stopped to avoid the pollution of fresh water aquifers. In upland areas conjunctive use
of surface and groundwater need to be planned in the command area, to prevent the
adverse effects of the water logging conditions.
Wastewater from utilities ➢ Change in ground water quality ➢ Treatment in ETP followed by reuse
➢ Change in surface water quality ➢ Transfer by closed pipeline for Low COD and TDS wastewater
Domestic wastewater ➢ Change in ground water quality ➢ Treatment in STP
➢ Change in surface water quality ➢ Reuse of treated wastewater for flushing, on land irrigation
for green belt development and HVAC.
➢ Water conservation measures like usage of dual flush systems,
low flow shower heads and low flow faucets.
Synthetic Organic Chemicals, Technical grade pesticides and Petrochemicals
Process effluent, washings, ➢ Change in surface water quality ➢ Segregation of effluents
scrubbers, R&D ➢ Soil contamination ➢ The mother liquors from the first crop shall be reused for
➢ Health Impacts process
➢ Optimization of cleaning cycles by adopting appropriate
production plan.
➢ Use of third and fourth washing water for first and second
washing of the reactor and agitated nutche filter and dryer
(ANFD)
➢ Effluent treatment system followed by common marine
outfall system
Chlor- Alkali, and inorganic industry
Process effluent, washings, ➢ Change in surface water quality ➢ Transfer by closed Pipeline
scrubbers ➢ Soil contamination ➢ Reuse of scrubber effluent for brine make-up.
➢ Health Impacts ➢ Effluent treatment system followed by reuse of treated
wastewater in utilities and process.
Industrial parks have multiple industries and various operations due to large mechanical
equipment operations and maintenance in addition to transport activity. Noise is
distinguished in three categories; the noise of mechanical origin like a pulverizes,
conveyors etc., noise of aerodynamic origin like fans, compressors, valves, and noise of
electric origin. Similarly, vibrations are distinguished as mechanical vibrations (fans),
vibrations from combustion, and aerodynamic vibrations (gas ducts). The project activities
that have an impact on noise environment are; operation of scrap metal handling in
secondary metallurgy, steam ejectors in synthetic organic chemicals, pesticides and
petrochemical units, soot blowing in boiler operations, ventilation fans, crushers, waste
gas fans, cooling fans, motors, pumps, compressors, furnaces, turbines, boilers, DG sets,
transfer by conveyors, dedusting equipment due to high evacuation rates, blower plants,
rotating equipment and transport of raw materials and products. The noise levels from
these activities and equipment range from 60 – 110 dBA. The transport of materials and
men by road may have a negative impact adjacent to the roads. These activities result in
noise and vibration and an increase in ambient noise levels. The workers in the common
facilities of effluent and wastewater treatment plants, solvent recovery system and
cogeneration plant are prone to noise impacts of change in behavior due to noise, while
those living outside have less chance of getting impacted. Sensitive receptors along the
roads mainly children and aged people may have gradual impairment due to Noise levels
from transport activity.
Excessive noise will trigger health risks such as headaches, depression, deafness, and
retardation of sensory mechanisms in the impact area population. Incremental noise levels
due to these activities were predicted and predicted values reflect low impact outside the
premises. The incremental noise levels, however, shall have a direct negative impact on the
noise levels, with low significance due to mitigation measures and also due to the absence
of sensitive receptors within 0.5 km from major noise sources. The pyramid of effects of
noise levels is presented in Figure 4.20. Various studies established the relation of noise
impacts on health is presented in Table 4.19. The impact significance is calculated using
RIAM. The impacts due to various activities during the lifetime of the project including
the emergency scenarios on noise levels are presented in Table 4.20. The impact
significance on noise levels is presented in Table 4.21.
The impact assessment indicates that the proposed industrial park will have a negative
change in noise and vibration, ambient noise levels, and change in behavior due to noise.
The probability of effects on sensitive receptors is less however the change/impact is
negative considering the large population of employees in the park.
Table 4.19 Effects of Noise on Wellbeing and Health with Sufficient Evidence
Effect Dimension Acoustic Threshold** Time Domain
indicator*
Annoyance and disturbance Psychosocial, Lden 42 Chronic
Quality of life
Self-reported sleep disturbance Quality of life, somatic health Lnight 42 Chronic
Learning, memory Performance Leq 50 Acute, Chornic
Stress hormones Stress indicator Lmax, Leq NA Acute, Chronic
Sleep (polysomonographic) Arousal, motility and sleep quality Lmax indoors 32 Acute, Chronic
Reported awakening Sleep SELindoors 53 Acute, Chronic
Reported health Wellbeing, clinical health Lden 50 Chronic
Hypertension Physiology, somatic health Lden 50 Chronic
Ischaemic heart disease Clinical health Lden 60 Chronic
Note: Lden and Lnight are defined as outside exposure levels. Lden is average sound pressure level overall days, evenings, and nights in a year, In this compound
indicator, the evening value gets a penalty of 5 dB and night value of 10 dB. Lmax may be either internal or external as indicated.
** level above which effects start to occur or start to rise above background.
Source: Good practice guide on noise exposure and potential health effects, European Environment Agency, 2010
Operation stage
Incidents and Accidents
Equipment Failures √ √
Fire accidents √ √
Extreme Weather phenomenon
Decommissioning of Park/ Individual units
Dismantling of facilities √ √
Site cleanup √ √
√ Indicates Impact
Table 4.21 Impact Significance – Noise Level
Impact Importance of Magnitude Permanence Reversibility Cumulative (a1) x (a2) (b1) + (b2) (aT) x Significance
condition (A1) of change/ (B1) (B2) (B3) = aT + (b3) = (bT) =
effect (A2) bT ES
Noise and Vibration 2 -1 2 2 3 -2 7 -14 -B
Change in ambient noise 2 -1 3 2 3 -2 8 -16 -B
levels
Change in behavior due 2 -1 3 2 2 -2 -7 -14 -B
to noise
Effects on sensitive 1 -1 3 3 2 -1 8 -8 -A
receptors leading to
gradual impairment
falls within the plant boundary and along the transport corridors for rail and road up to 30
m. The impact of noise on the population in the surrounding area will be negligible as the
green belt and other mitigation measures ensure minimal propagation outside the site
boundary. It was observed that the noise levels due to transport activity will have an
impact on habitation compared to industrial activities.
Table 4.22 Typical Noise Sources and Levels (Tentative)
Source of Noise Leq dB(A) Source of Noise Leq dB(A)
Construction Phase Operation Phase
Bulldozer 80 Conveyors 113-119
Front end loader 72-84 Turbines 96-101
Dump truck 83-94 Boilers 87-92
Jack Hammer 81-98 Chillers 90-103
Backhoe 72-93 Compressors 40-92
Scrapper 80-93 Cooling Towers 50-60
Crane 75-77 Motors 26-48
Welding generator 71-82 Pumps 80-85
Concrete Mixer 74-88 Engines 70-95
Concrete Pump 81-84 Blowers 70-120
Concrete Vibrator 76 Furnaces 90-105
Air Compressor 74-87 Agitators 60-70
Truck 83-94 DG sets 85-90
Tamper 74-77 Nitrogen Plant 55-60
Paver 86-88 Instrument Air Plant 85-95
The industrial park is spread longitudinally with the nearest habitation on the boundary
of the site in the southern part at Perumallapuram village and the farthest at 300 meters
at northern part of the site The predominant wind direction during baseline data
collection period is south-south-east, and the IMD data for Kakinada indicates south-
east. The connecting roads presently pass through many habitations and the proposed
Bharatmala road may reduce the habitations along the connecting road as it is envisaged
to be access controlled. It is also proposed to provide a minimum width of 15 m of
greenery along the boundary.
The sources of noise during construction phase are mainly transport, material transfer,
construction equipment, DG sets, sand blasting, rod cutting, accidental dropping of
implements. The sources of noise during operation phase are mainly transport, material
transfer, fans, motors, compressors, conveyors, DG sets, turbines, and other rotating
equipment resulting in continuous, intermittent and impulse noise based on the activity.
The sources of vibration are all rotating equipment including motors, fans etc. The
mitigation measures follow the principles of mitigation at source, control in the pathway,
and control at the receptor. The mitigation measures envisaged both during construction
and operation stages are presented in Table 4.23.
Table 4.23 Mitigation measures envisaged both during construction and operation stages
Activity Impact Mitigation measure
Construction phase
Transport vehicles ➢ Increase in Noise levels ➢ Avoidance of engine idling.
➢ Transport during day time.
➢ Periodic maintenance.
Construction equipment: ➢ Increase in noise levels, and ➢ Periodic maintenance.
drills, Pneumatic equipment, vibration ➢ Enclosed operator room.
excavators, dumpers etc. ➢ Attenuating screens between operators and sources.
➢ Periodic maintenance.
➢ Barriers, guard covers, isolation of equipment, antivibration pads.
➢ Training to operators and drivers.
➢ PPE to operators.
Material Transfer ➢ Increase in noise levels ➢ Reduced drop height.
➢ Rubber padding at discharge point and at the impact point, avoidance of metal bunkers.
Other construction works ➢ Impact on workers health due to ➢ Training to workers.
noise levels ➢ Provision of PPE.
Operational Phase - Common infrastructure and Member Units
Transport vehicles ➢ Increased noise levels on site ➢ Periodic maintenance.
and in habitation along the ➢ Training to drivers.
roads. ➢ Avoidance of idling engines.
➢ Provision of noise barriers or other suitable measures along the road after a detailed
study during operation stage.
Material transfer ➢ Increased noise levels, impact on ➢ Reduced drop height.
employee health. ➢ Telescopic chutes.
➢ Covered conveyor system wherever required, in case of large quantity transfers.
➢ Attenuating screens between operators and sources.
➢ Casing and guards, anti-vibration pads to motors.
➢ Avoidance of noisy activity during night time.
➢ Insulation for steam transfer pipe lines.
➢ Vibration monitoring.
➢ Periodic maintenance.
➢ PPE to employees.
➢ Hearing conservation program.
Major sources of solid wastes are member units, and utilities including treatment systems
of industrial park. Construction and demolition waste is anticipated during construction
phase, while e-waste, bio-medical waste, battery waste, hazardous wastes, and other
solid wastes are anticipated from both park level and member unit level during operation
phase. The decommission stage, and incidents and accidents shall also generate solid
wastes which fall in the above-mentioned categories. The impact significance is
calculated using RIAM. The impacts due to various activities during the lifetime of
project including emergency scenarios on the land environment is presented in Table
4.24. The impact significance on the land environment is presented in Table 4.25.
The impact assessment indicates that the proposed integrated park will have significant
negative change/impact on soil due to soil profile disturbance considering the coastal
nature and sandy nature of the soils, moderately negative impact due to accidental
releases leading to degradation of soil quality, reduced soil biodiversity and ecological
integrity, alteration of terrain, land capability effects, soil compaction for road
construction, ground sealing due to roads, infrastructure and industrial sheds, change in
filter function of soil, and change in soil pH due to wet and dry deposition mainly
affecting the Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC) and base saturation. There will be
negative impact on soil due to loss of emission protection, erosion during construction
stage, and due to loss of nutrients in soil.
Operation stage
Incidents and Accidents
Spillage √ √
Containment failure √
Accidents during transport of
√ √
Raw materials and products
Accidents during transport of
√ √
wastes
Arson and Vandalism √ √
Extreme Weather phenomenon √
Decommissioning of Park/
Individual units
Transfer and disposal of material √
Transfer and disposal of wastes √
Decontamination of equipment
√
and containers as needed
Site cleanup √
Capping drains and locking √ √
water sources
√ Indicates Impact
A variety of solid wastes are generated during construction phase ranging from packing
materials, paper, plastic, e-waste, biomedical wastes, hazardous wastes like CETP sludge,
solvent residue, evaporation salts, organic and inorganic process wastes, waste batteries,
used lubricants etc. All the wastes are enumerated from the common infrastructure
facilities while a tentative list of wastes without quantification is made for prospective
member units. Storage facilities for various wastes shall be provided at park level for
storage of coal ash, hazardous wastes from CETP and solvent recovery systems, waste
oils, used batteries from utilities and other non-hazardous recyclable wastes like metals,
paper, plastic etc. It is proposed to provide a waste exchange within the industrial park
so as to facilitate exchange of usable wastes/byproducts among member units and the
park management. All the solid wastes are segregated and stored based on the type of
wastes. The identification of solid wastes follows a protocol prescribed by CPCB as
presented in Figure 4.22. Yard trimmings consisting of grass, fallen leaves, tree and bush
trimmings are sent to vermicomposting/organic waste converter. Typical wastes
generated from industrial plots and mode of disposal are presented in Table 4.26. Wastes
generated from proposed common facilities and mode of disposal are presented in Table
4.27. The mitigation measures for solid waste management are presented in Table 4.28.
Table 4.26 Typical Wastes Generated from Industrial Plots and Mode of Disposal
Type of Solid Waste Mode of Disposal
From Industrial Plots
Organic Residue Sent to Cement Plants
Distillation Bottom Residue Sent to Cement Plants
Process Waste Sent to Cement Plants
Inorganic Residue Sent to TSDF
Spent Carbon Sent to Cement Plants
Hyflow Sent to TSDF
Catalyst Sent to TSDF
Spent Solvents Sent to Solvent Recovery System
Spent Mixed Solvents Sent to Solvent Recovery System/Cement Plants
Used PPE Sent to authorized vendor
Metal Scrap Sale to outside agencies/ recyclers
Used Filters (HEPA filters, Oil Filters) Sent to TSDF
Used / Discarded RO Membranes Sent to TSDF
Detoxified containers & bags Sent to authorized recyclers
E- Waste Authorized recyclers
Slag Sent to Cement Plants/ Sinter Plants
Mill Scale Reused in process
Plastic Waste Sent to authorized recyclers
Construction and demolition waste Sent to end users
Copper scrap Sent to end users
Rejected batteries Sent to authorized recyclers
Waste Silicon Sent to end-users
Chemical Sludge Sent to TSDF
Glass Waste Sent to authorized recyclers
Waste from Ceramic, sanitary ware & Glass Sent to authorized recyclers
units
Solid waste from domestic/employee Sent to local body
Table 4.27 Wastes Generated from Proposed Common Facilities and Mode of
Disposal
Description Unit Quantity Mode of Disposal
Stripper Distillate TPM 5000 Sent to Cement Plants
Evaporation Salts TPM 24810 Sent to TSDF
ETP Sludge TPM 9880 Sent to TSDF
Ash TPM 8181 Sent to Cement Plants
Used Batteries TPM 120 Sent to authorized recyclers
Used Oil TPM 10 Sent to authorized recyclers
Bio medical Waste TPM 1.6 Sent to authorized common
biomedical treatment facility
(CBMWTF)
Solid waste from TPM 45 Segregation at source into bio-
domestic/employee degradable, non-bio- degradable
and Domestic Hazardous wastes.
Disposal of recyclable waste to
The impact assessment indicates that the proposed industrial park has moderately
negative impact due to loss of terrestrial vegetation, removal of traditionally used plants,
while negative impact is due to reduction in landscape diversity, habitat fragmentation,
and potential acid input and N2 deposition. The impact assessment indicates that the
proposed project on fauna will have moderately negative change/impact due to loss or
alteration of habitat availability, reduced habitat connectivity, and increased mortality
risk considering proposed chemical industries and negative impact due to reduced
diversity and habitat fragmentation. However, the mitigation measure of providing at
least 15 m of green belt all along the boundary shall improve the species diversity and
compensate habitat loss within 5 years.
The project site area is non-agriculture without any farming in the past 15 years, with wild
shrub growth. The site clearing activity will impact flora and fauna by disturbing the
habitat of the vegetation and its fauna. The project being a predominantly air and water
polluting industrial park, there will be a 33% land area allocated for greenery (11.94% as
common facility from the park and the balance by the individual units) with a minimum
of 15 m width of green belt along the boundary as a mitigative measure and as an aesthetic
measure. The proposed industrial park shall have green belt of 196.77 ha to enhance
environmental quality through; mitigation of fugitive emissions, attenuation of noise
levels, balancing eco-environment, consumption of treated wastewater, prevention of soil
erosion, and creation of aesthetic environment. Tall trees are proposed to be planted all
along the boundary while relatively short, bushy ornamental trees are proposed for the
inner circle. Between these two, locally adapted multipurpose trees will be grown so that
an alley like structure is formed. The green belt is expected to provide an excellent
ambience besides minimizing the migration of emissions. There is going to be major
disturbances in the entire area during construction and erection. But these are reversible
and the permanent greenery that develops can adequately compensate for the loss of some
seasonal vegetation.
Greenbelt is planting of special type of plants suitable to that particular agroclimatic zone
and soil characteristics in a place which will make the area cooler, reduce air pollution,
prevent soil erosion and further improve the soil fertility status. A greenbelt around the
periphery of boundary and roadside of the proposed industrial park will be created to
avoid soil erosion, minimize air pollution and noise pollution.
The green plants are capable of absorbing air pollutants and forming sinks for pollutants.
Leaves with their vast area in a tree crown, absorb pollutants on their surface, effectively
reducing their concentration and the ambient noise level.
According to Central Pollution Control Board guidelines for developing greenbelts, there
are 15 agroclimatic zones, each of these zones is further divided into 68 sub-zones based
on annual rainfall, climatic condition and soil types. The species recommended for the
greenbelt are quite adopted to such climatic condition and grow well in the above zones.
Proposed Greenbelt:
It is proposed to develop greenbelt in 196.77 ha i.e., 11.94% of the total project area.
Indigenous species will be planted in greenbelt. Extensive greenbelt development will be
started during the construction phase, which will continue for three years i.e., till
operation of the plant. About 2500 plants will be planted per hectare all-round the plants,
approach roads and all open spaces available within the premises. A nursery will be
developed where 3,00,000 seedlings will be raised every year for plantation purpose.
Apart from greenbelt, extensive lawns, gardens and road-side plantation will be carried
out at appropriate available places. Native species which are resistant to pollutants will
be planted.
Extensive survey in the project area was undertaken to know the structure and
composition of vegetation. Hence a combination of plant species is selected depending
upon the topographical suitability and species selected as per CPCB guidelines. The soil
characteristics are also kept in mind. Based on this survey and climatic conditions of the
site, suitable indigenous plant species have been proposed for greenbelt development
plan.
All plant species selected should be suitable to local environment i.e., edaphic and climatic
factors. Plantation technique, maintenance of plantation, protection measures, watering,
manpower, type of plants and financial support shall be followed by the management as
per the 5-year plantation program suggested.
Nursery stage
Healthy and properly graded seedlings of one to one-and-half year old, having optimum
height, sturdy and erect stem seedlings only be selected for planting.
Planting stage
The steps involved in planting stage are; sterilization of each and every pit by applying 20
gm of Polydol dust. Planting to be taken up by using imported soil and farmyard manure
to each and every pit. Total plantation will be completed in 3 years and maintained for
another 2 years. Weeding, soil working around the plants, fertilization and watering will
be given to all the plants during raising and maintenance period. Replacement of
casualties will be taken up in raising year and also in first maintenance year of the
plantation and ensured full stocking in the greenbelt will be ensured.
Table 4.33 List of Trees recommended for Greenbelt within the proposed site
As per CPCB Area of Total Area of the
Botanical Name Telugu Name No of trees Space, m
Manual Each Tree trees, m2
A2 Acacia auriculiformis Benth. Earleaf acacia 5000 2X2 4 20000
A32 Albizia procera Benth Tella Chinduga 5000 2X2 4 20000
A29 Albizia lebbeck (L.) Benth. Dirisanam 5000 2X2 4 20000
A36 Alstonia scholaris (l.) r. br. Edakala pala 5000 2X2 4 20000
A42 Artocarpus heterophyllus Lamk. Jack fruit 5000 2X2 4 20000
A44 Azadirachta indica A.Juss. Vepa 5000 2X2 4 20000
B2 Bambusa arundinacea (retz) roxb. Bamboo Spiny bamboo 30000 2X2 4 120000
B8 Bauhinia racemose Lomk. Basavanapada 5000 2X2 4 20000
B17 Butea monosperma (Lam.) Taub. Modhuga 5000 2X2 4 20000
C1 Caesalpinia pulcherrima L Swartz Rathna gandhi 5000 2X2 4 20000
C2 Callistemon citrinus (Curtis) Skeels Crimson bottlebrush 5000 2X2 4 20000
C7 Cassia fistula linn . Rela 5000 2X2 4 20000
C11 Cassia siamea lamk Seema thangedu 5000 2X2 4 20000
C12 Casuarina equisetifolia Linn. Sarugudu 30000 2X2 4 120000
C13 Ceiba pentandra (linn) Gaertn. Tella buruga 10000 2X2 4 40000
C19 Cocos nucifera Linn. Coconut 5000 2X2 4 20000
D1 Dalbergia latifolia Roxb Jiteegi 5000 2X2 4 20000
D2 Dalbergia sissoo roxb. Sisu 5000 2X2 4 20000
D3 Delonix regia (Hook.) Raf. Chittikesaram 5000 2X2 4 20000
D4 Dendrocalamus strictus Nees. Sanna vedru 5000 2X2 4 20000
D5 Derris indica (lam) bennet. Kanuga 5000 2X2 4 20000
D6 Diospyros melanoxylon Roxb Tunki 5000 2X2 4 20000
E1 Emblica officinalis gaertn. Amla 5000 2X2 4 20000
E4 Eucalyptus citriodora (Hook.) Lemon - scented Gum 30000 2X2 4 120000
E5 Eucalyptus hybrid L'Hér. Forest Red Gum 30000 2X2 4 120000
F1 Ficus benghalensis linn. Banyan tree 5000 2X2 4 20000
F2 Ficus benjamina linn. weeping fig 5000 2X2 4 20000
F7 Ficus religiosa L. Raavi 5000 2X2 4 20000
G6 Grevillea robusta A cunn. Silver Oak 5000 2X2 4 20000
Grewia hirsuta Vahl Jaani Chettu 5000 2X2 4 20000
Table 4.34 Proposed financial Budget for the Maintenance of Greenbelt development (Rs in Lakhs)
S.No Component First year Second year Third year Fourth year Fifth year Total
1 Purchase of trees and Fencing material 50.0 30.0 20.0 0.0 0.0 100.0
2 Soil 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 10.0
3 Pit making and Transportation of trees 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 50.0
4 Gardener’s Cost 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 50.0
5 Fertilizers cost 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 25.0
6 Water supply 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 25.0
Grand Total 82.0 62.0 52.0 32.0 32.0 260.0
The proposed activity is required to operate and maintain the vaporous emissions and
effluents within the limits specified by the CPCB / State PCB, the direct effects on the
flora and fauna of the study area are restricted to terrestrial ecosystem within the core
zone during construction phase. Neither the storm water nor the effluent water nor any
other kind of wastewater from the activity shall get into the drinking water resources or
sea water. Further tall, wind resistant evergreen trees will be grown in the green belt to
act a windbreak around the project area. Hence, the anticipated environmental impacts
on the flora and fauna of the study area are manageable and easily reversible up to
certain extent. A comprehensive green belt programme will improve the ecological
condition of the region. Our field study reported presence of scheduled -I fauna in the
buffer areas of project site. Habitat specific, Species specific and Project activity specific
detailed managemental strategies are discussed here.
I. Measures for Habitat specific alterations
There are few eco sensitive habitats within the study area. In these, it was found from
the primary data that all 11 scheduled fauna species need for conservation. The following
measures are to be taken during construction and operation phases of the proposed SEZ:
➢ The water bodies are to be protected from all kinds of pollutants.
➢ The water from nearby ponds should not be utilised for industrial purpose.
➢ The construction material should not be taken from the nearby reserve forests.
➢ Proper training and protection measures to be given to working groups.
➢ Protection measures such as fencing etc. are to be strictly followed
➢ Mangroves need to be protected as per Mangrove conservation plan
➢ Sign boards and display boards are to be kept near the Mangrove and eco sensitive
zones
➢ Greenbelt plan shall be followed in the proposed project site.
➢ During transportation, proper care should be taken towards scheduled Fauna.
➢ Seasonal or Annual monitoring should be taken up on population status of
conservation priority species with expert Ecologist.
➢ Not to discharge and solid or liquid wastes directly or indirectly into the surrounding
habitat.
➢ Regular consultation with local forest officials and NGOs to improve the degraded
habitat and participate in conservation practices also with them.
➢ Conducting more awareness programmes near the surrounding villagers and local
staff members.
II. Measures for Species- specific alterations
It is recommended that project proponent shall minimize disturbance caused by noise,
vibrations and illuminations in the core area which could lower impact on the species.
Even small vibrations could disturb sensitive, nocturnal carnivore species such as
Leopard.
Maintaining records on Awareness programmes, Animal sightings, Deaths, accidents
etc. and shall inform to forest department for further action.
➢ Necessary guidelines shall be taken from forest authorities throughout the
construction phase.
➢ The contractors to establish environmental units and implement public awareness
programs during construction regarding the impacts caused by the construction
activity.
➢ All building material for workers should be brought carried from outside the project
area (Nearby villages).
➢ Workers should be supplied all food material cooked outside the project core area.
➢ Project staff and workers should not be allowed to have fire-arms and animal traps
etc.
➢ Forest fires must be avoided by the worker activities.
➢ Employment agreements should specify heavy penalties for illegal hunting, trapping
and wildlife trading – all other ancillary works should also agree not to participate in
such activities;
➢ If any of the hunting activity is observed then the worker will be removed from the
employment with immediate effect and legal action will be taken by forest
department.
➢ There should be speed limit for the material carrying trucks/dumpers while
traversing through the forest areas if at all. It is always better not to travel in the forest
areas that would disturb the animal behaviour.
➢ Honking should be strictly prohibited in the forest area by the trucks and dumper
used for the construction activity.
➢ No disposal of construction waste in the forest premises
➢ No earthen material or water from the springs present in the forest area will be used
for the construction activity.
➢ Comply with environmental standards and strictly control workers to behave
responsibly with respect to environmental issues;
➢ Site-specific waste collection and disposal management plan should be in place to,
include good site practices such as: Providing the appropriate spill kits (e.g.,
containing absorbent cloths and disposal containers) on-site during construction;
Prohibition of dumping or burying wastes within Project site; Implementation of an
on-going waste management program consisting of reduction, reuse, and recycling of
materials.
➢ Work should be under ISO14001 accreditation for environmental management which
also be imposed on all the subcontractors; and cover each spot where excavated
material is stored when climate conditions require to effect dust control by usage of
dust suppression substances.
➢ It is recommended that project proponent shall take utmost care in controlling dust,
fugitive emissions using best pollution control methods during construction and
operation phases.
➢ The air and water pollution control measures during construction and operation
phases would ensure minimum degradation of surrounding vegetation, forest area
and water bodies.
➢ Vehicle movements in and around the project areas should be minimized. As far as
possible battery-operated vehicles shall be used for mobility inside the project area.
➢ Minimum or no movement of working staff shall be made during the night hours.
➢ No loudspeakers shall be used or installed in the project area.
➢ Keep all the machineries maintained so that minimum noise and vibrations are
generated in the surrounding area.
➢ Lightings within core area shall be adjusted to ensure minimum illuminations
spreading outside the project area.
➢ All staff members shall be made aware of the kind of carnivore species found around
the project area.
➢ Project proponent shall financially support Forest Department in covering of open
wells in the surrounding villages.
➢ No food waste shall be dumped in open area and proper food waste disposal system
shall be in place.
➢ No plastic waste or any kind of solid waste shall be found inside the project area. Use
of plastic bags shall be strictly prohibited in the project area.
➢ Structures inside the core area shall not be painted with conspicuous colors, instead
green and camouflage colors shall be used to merge them with the surroundings.
➢ Construction of the structures should be such that it does not attract or provide any
shelter/space to roost, rest or hide for reptiles, birds and mammals etc.
➢ Maximum employment of local people shall be ensured as the local community has
better knowledge of local wildlife and their behavior as they have been coexisting with
them since long.
➢ The well pad areas shall be fenced with barbed wire so that there is no accidental
electrocution of animals is created.
➢ In case of presence of Leopard reported in or around project site, the project authority
shall immediately inform the local forest officials.
➢ All the staff members and tourists shall be informed on ethical tourism practices, and
the consequences of breaking rules.
➢ Night vision camera shall be fitted in the entire project premises with a central
monitoring room which could monitor movement of any wildlife or people in and
around project site.
➢ Project proponent shall develop an Environment Policy for this project with emphasis
on wildlife and nature conservation activities. The owners and the staff members
should be made aware of this policy.
III. Project specific management actions:
➢ No material carrying vehicles shall be allowed into the reserve forest areas or habitats
of the animal.
➢ No leakages of waste or construction material or raw or processed material shall be
from the vehicles.
➢ Vehicle speed must be controlled and strict rules must be followed by the drivers as
suggested by forest department.
The employment potential of the industrial park is 90,000 direct jobs with an annual
salary outlay of Rs. 2,500 crores, part of which would be spent within the impact area.
This results in a positive impact, in addition to indirect jobs of 2,25,000 created due to
the development of industrial park. The proximity of the site to Kakinada, Pithapuram
and Annavaram towns, which has adequate infrastructure with respect to housing,
education, transport, health, and civic amenities, and hence the influx of people may
have a low impact on infrastructure availability considering the mandate of 75%
employment for locals. During the initial period, there may be a shortage of housing
and social infrastructure, which may be reversed in 2 to 3 years. The proposed CER
activity shall ensure improving local body infrastructure to achieve sufficient carrying
capacity for the expected increase in demand for education, health, water, sanitation,
solid waste management facilities, etc. The impact on health was assessed by air quality
impact predictions and was observed to be within prescribed NAAQ standards. There
will be medium significant, direct negative impact due to community expectations and
public safety concerns as the park has predominant chemical industry, also expressed
during focused group discussions held in December 2022. The proposed corporate
environment responsibility (CER) activities from the park management as well as the
member units shall also enhance the public approval for the proposed project and
ensure improvement in infrastructure in the surrounding villages. The impacts due to
various activities during the lifetime of the project including the emergency scenarios
on the socio-economic environment is presented in Table 4.35. The impact significance
calculated using the RIAM method on the socio-economic environment is presented in
Table 4.36.
The proposed project shall have significant negative impact due to in-migration
considering total direct and indirect employment of 3,15,000, and also health concern
considering the chemical industry in the park, with moderately negative impact on
traffic, traditional use of land, impact on health and public safety concern. There will
be slightly negative impact on common water resource as the project envisages to use
surface water from Samalkot canal and or desalination plant. The project also has
significant positive impact due to increased employment, change in quality of life and
availability of business opportunities for the local population. The project shall also
have moderately positive impact on local body infrastructure, gender equity due to non-
discrimination in employment and due to possible increase in community expectations.
contribute to improving the social infrastructure like schools, health centres, libraries,
community halls etc.
Impact on common
Change in quality
Migration: in and
Municipal/ Local
Impact on health
Traditional use
Health concern
Gender equity
water resource
Traffic Impact
Infrastructure
infrastructure
surface water
Public safety
Employment
expectations
Community
opportunity
Business
concern
impact
Social
of life
Body
out
Activity
Construction Stage
Possession of land √ √ √ √ √
Clearing and grubbing √ √
Leveling by way of cut and fill √
Road formation √ √ √ √
Drainage construction √
Foundation excavation √
Civil Construction √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √
Equipment and machinery erection √ √ √ √ √ √ √
Services installation √ √ √ √ √
Piping and insulation √ √ √ √
Painting works √ √ √ √
External development and Compound
√ √ √ √
Wall/fencing
Operation Stage – Industrial Park
Transport and storage of raw materials and
√ √ √
water
Transport of raw water and treatment √
Solvent recovery system operation √ √ √ √ √
Co-generation plant operation √ √ √ √
Maintenance – Electromechanical and civil √ √ √
Waste gas management √ √ √
Solid waste storage and management √ √
Permanence (B1)
Cumulative (B3)
(aT) x (bT) = ES
Condition (A1)
(a1) x (a2) = aT
Importance of
(b1)+(b2) + (b3)
change /effect
Magnitude of
Reversibility
Significance
(A2)
(B2)
= bT
Employment 3 2 3 3 3 6 9 54 +D
Migration: in and out 2 -2 3 3 3 -4 9 -36 -D
Housing impact 2 -2 3 3 -2 -4 4 -16 -B
Social infrastructure 2 -2 3 3 -2 -4 4 -16 -B
Municipal/Local Body Infrastructure 2 2 2 3 3 4 8 32 +C
Traffic Impact 2 -2 2 3 3 -4 8 -32 -C
Traditional use impact 2 -2 3 2 2 -4 7 -28 -C
Impact on health 2 -2 3 2 3 -4 8 -32 -C
Impact on common water resource 1 -1 3 2 3 -1 8 -8 -A
both ground and surface water
Change in quality of life 2 2 3 3 3 4 9 36 +D
Community expectations 2 2 2 3 3 4 8 32 +C
Gender equity 2 2 2 3 2 4 7 28 +C
Business opportunity 2 2 3 3 3 4 9 36 +D
Health concern 3 -2 2 3 3 -6 8 -48 -D
Public safety concern 2 -2 2 3 3 -4 8 -32 -C
The ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change issued an office memorandum
mandating corporate environment responsibility (CER) expenditure based on demands
in public consultation. An indicative list of CER activities is prepared on the basis of
need assessment study conducted in 32 habitations surrounding the site. Focus group
discussions in the surrounding habitations indicated 2 major concerns related to CER;
Kotha Mulapeta wanted a community hall, and possible damage to roads at 3 villages.
The need assessment data indicates availability of basic facilities like drinking water and
primary education, while infrastructure facilities are poor at most of the hamlets. Hence,
the CER expenditure shall be spent on improving infrastructure related to schools, water
supply, solid waste disposal, upgradation of schools, health centers in addition to
establishment of skill development center and technical training institute. The list of CER
activities is presented in Table 4.37, and the same will be finalized after consultation with
revenue authorities and local bodies based on public consultation.
70 70 30 25 25 220
other government buildings.
Programs
The park is located at a distance of 0.4 km distance from the proposed Bharatmala road
while the present connecting road has 2 lanes without a shoulder. The Government of
India has already allotted a 4-lane road (Bharatmala) project to facilitate project
connectivity and also enhance local body infrastructure. The traffic density of the
connecting road is low mainly consisting of local transport, agricultural produce, and
passenger vehicle traffic. The proposed project shall transport few raw materials and
part of production consumed within 100 km from the site, by road, which results in
additional truck traffic trips and in addition to the transport of personnel in peak hour
by 4050 PCU/hour during shift change hours. It envisages a peak hour trips of 555
PCU/hr. The level of service of the connecting road is 1800 PCU while 645 PCU during
peak hour in the operational stage. The impact hence is considered slightly negative.
Railway siding is provided near to site for Kakinada SEZ port.
The traffic study for the connecting road revealed that the peak traffic volume is 112
PCU/hr from 8 to 9 AM and the level of service of the connecting road remains “A”,
after the proposed project also. A new 4 lane Bharatmala road construction is about to
commence near the project. The modified level of service for connecting roads
considering the additional truck trips for the proposed project is presented in Table 4.40.
Table 4.38 Modified level of services for connecting roads during construction phase (peak Passenger vehicle and Material
transport traffic)
Existing Modified
Existing Additional Modified Modified Los &
Road volume, volume/
volume/Capacity volume, PCU/hr Volume, PCU/hr performance
PCU/hr Capacity
Existing
Kakinada - site (Beach) 36 0.03 260 296 0.164 A (Excellent)
Annavaram - site (Beach) 112 0.03 178 290 0.161 A (Excellent)
Table 4.39 Modified level of services for connecting roads during operation phase – Peak Passenger vehicle traffic
Existing Additional Modified Modified
Existing volume, Modified Los &
Road volume/ volume, Volume, volume/
PCU/hr performance
Capacity PCU/hr PCU/hr Capacity
Existing
Kakinada - site (Beach) 36 0.020 310 346 0.192 A (Excellent)
Annavaram - site (Beach) 112 0.062 240 352 0.196 A (Excellent)
A.V.Nagaram - site Road 30 0.017 325 355 0.197 A (Excellent)
Patta Perumallapuram - site 42 0.023 315 357 0.198 A (Excellent)
Tuni - site 48 0.027 312 360 0.200 A (Excellent)
A Mallavaram - site 28 0.016 318 346 0.192 A (Excellent)
Antervedipeta- site 16 0.009 315 331 0.184 A (Excellent)
Gorsaaplem - site 14 0.008 270 284 0.158 A (Excellent)
Kodada - site 18 0.005 310 328 0.182 A (Excellent)
Bharatmala - Kakinada- site (Proposed) 112 0.028 680 792 0.198 A (Excellent)
Bharatmala NH16 – site (Proposed) 150 0.038 650 800 0.200 A (Excellent)
Table 4.40 Modified level of services for connecting roads during operation phase – Peak material transportation traffic
Existing Additional Modified Modified
Modified Los &
Road Existing volume, PCU/hr volume/ volume, Volume, volume/
performance
Capacity PCU/hr PCU/hr Capacity
Existing
Kakinada - Site (Beach) 36 0.020 60 96 0.053 A (Excellent)
Annavaram - Site (Beach) 112 0.062 40 152 0.084 A (Excellent)
Site - KSEZ Port 48 0.027 175 223 0.124 A (Excellent)
Bharatmala - Kakinada- site (Proposed) 112 0.062 220 332 0.083 A (Excellent)
Bharatmala NH16 – site (Proposed) 150 0.083 60 210 0.053 A (Excellent)
The site will have a parking facility in 82.17 ha to ensure smooth internal circulation. The
parking facility shall be provided with basic amenities for vehicle drivers, including rest
rooms, toilets, dining room etc. Sanitation, fuel, restroom etc. are provided to the labour
force during construction as well as to the workers during operation phase. Vehicles will
not be allowed to wash onsite. There is a road network of 45 km within the site to facilitate
movement of material and men. Traffic signage including road safety mirrors shall be
posted along the roads. Speed shall be restricted to 30 km/hour within the site and shall
be strictly implemented to ensure safety of men, material and property.
Development of industrial park has its own contribution to achieving the sustainable
development goals. The environmental protection, mitigation and control measures
proposed to be adopted by the park will contribute to achieve goal no. 6. The establishment
of co-generation power plants using bio briquettes/coal as fuel meeting about 25% of the
energy requirement of the park adds to clean energy (SDG 7) goal. The proposed
infrastructure facilitating common services like waste exchange, circular economy,
common treatment systems, solvent recovery systems shall contribute to achieving the
SDG goal no. 9 – Industry, innovation and infrastructure. The industrial park has a policy
of non-discrimination in employment and hence facilitates gender equity (SDG 5).
Employment potential of 90,000 direct jobs and about 2,25,000 indirect jobs shall facilitate
achievement of SDG 8 – decent work and economic growth due to provision of livelihood
and local economic benefits. The park envisages reuse of treated wastewater, reuse of
solid wastes through waste exchange program, and provision of common services leading
to energy conservation leads to responsible production (SDG 12). Development of green
belt, provision of common services saving fuel consumption and usage of bio briquette as
fuel contributes to climate action (SDG 13). The proposed green belt development and
afforestation in the surrounding villages will create a habitat contributing to life on land
(SDG 15). KSEZ MIP contribution to achieving sustainable development goals is presented
in Figure 4.25.