Cloud Computing Architecture

Frontend: The client side, including user interfaces and applications used to access
cloud services.
Backend: The cloud itself, managed by the service provider, including resources,
storage, virtual machines, and security mechanisms.
Internet: Acts as the bridge between the frontend and backend.

Cloud Computing Infrastructure

Components: Includes servers, storage devices, network, management software,

deployment software, and virtualization.
Hypervisor: Manages virtual machines.
Management Software: Maintains and configures infrastructure.
Deployment Software: Deploys and integrates applications.
Network: Connects cloud services over the internet.
Server: Manages resource sharing and security.
Storage: Keeps multiple replicas for reliability.
 Advantages of Cloud Computing

Scalability: Easily scale resources up or down.

Security: Provides industry-standard data protection.
Access to Modern Technology: Utilizes AI, machine learning, data analytics, etc.
Cost-Effective: Pay-as-you-go model.
Mobility: Access from anywhere.
Easy Collaboration: Simplifies coordination and data sharing.
Predictive Ability: Enhances predictive analytics.

Cloud Computing Evolution

Distributed Systems: Share resources effectively.

Mainframe Computing: Handles large data but is expensive.
Cluster Computing: Cheaper alternative to mainframes.
Grid Computing: Solves large problems with parallel computing.
This summary covers the key points from the second lecture on Cloud Computing. If
you need more details on any specific section, feel free to ask!
 Questions and Answers:

1. What does the frontend in cloud computing architecture refer to?

A) The service provider's resources
B) The client side, including user interfaces
C) Storage systems
D) Virtual machines
Answer: B) The client side, including user interfaces
2. What is included in the backend of cloud computing architecture?
A) Web browsers and GUIs
B) Storage, virtual machines, and security mechanisms
C) End-user devices
D) Internet connections
Answer: B) Storage, virtual machines, and security mechanisms
3. What role does the internet play in cloud computing?
A) Acts as storage for data
B) Acts as a bridge between frontend and backend
C) Provides additional security
D) Hosts the cloud platform
Answer: B) Acts as a bridge between frontend and backend
4. Which of the following is an example of a frontend component in cloud computing?
A) Virtual machines
B) Graphical User Interface (GUI)
C) Hypervisor
D) Storage systems
Answer: B) Graphical User Interface (GUI)
5. What is the backend in cloud computing responsible for?
A) User interfaces
B) Managing resources and providing services
C) Internet connectivity
D) Device compatibility
Answer: B) Managing resources and providing services
6. What is the function of a hypervisor in cloud computing?
A) Connects users to the internet
B) Manages virtual machines
C) Encrypts stored data
D) Provides user interfaces
Answer: B) Manages virtual machines
7. Which component is responsible for maintaining and configuring cloud infrastructure?
A) Hypervisor
B) Deployment software
C) Management software
D) Network
Answer: C) Management software
8. What is the primary role of deployment software?
A) Maintain cloud infrastructure
B) Deploy and integrate applications
C) Connect devices to the internet
D) Secure stored data
Answer: B) Deploy and integrate applications
9. Which cloud infrastructure component connects services over the internet?
A) Hypervisor
B) Network
C) Server
D) Storage
Answer: B) Network
10. Why does cloud storage keep multiple replicas of data?
A) To increase processing speed
B) For reliability and failure recovery
C) To save costs
D) To improve user interfaces
Answer: B) For reliability and failure recovery
11. What is the primary role of servers in cloud computing?
A) Manage resource sharing and security
B) Maintain user interfaces
C) Deploy applications
D) Control internet connectivity
Answer: A) Manage resource sharing and security
12. What ensures reliability in cloud storage?
A) Use of hypervisors
B) Multiple replicas of storage
C) Advanced user interfaces
D) Faster internet speeds
Answer: B) Multiple replicas of storage

13. What is one of the main advantages of cloud computing?

A) Fixed scalability
B) Pay-as-you-go cost model
C) Higher physical storage requirements
D) Limited access to modern technology
Answer: B) Pay-as-you-go cost model
14. What does cloud scalability refer to?
A) Fixed resource availability
B) The ability to scale resources up or down
C) Limited network connectivity
D) Restricted data sharing
Answer: B) The ability to scale resources up or down
15. Which modern technologies are accessible through cloud computing?
A) AI and machine learning
B) Legacy software
C) Dial-up networks
D) Mainframe computers
Answer: A) AI and machine learning
16. How does the cloud ensure mobility?
A) By requiring dedicated devices
B) By enabling access from anywhere
C) By restricting device compatibility
D) By storing data locally
Answer: B) By enabling access from anywhere
17. Which of the following simplifies collaboration in cloud computing?
A) Distributed servers
B) Virtual machines
C) Unified data sharing
D) Hypervisors
Answer: C) Unified data sharing
18. What is a benefit of predictive ability in cloud computing?
A) Faster hardware replacement
B) Enhanced predictive analytics using global resources
C) Reduced data processing
D) Limited computational power
Answer: B) Enhanced predictive analytics using global resources
19. What makes cloud computing cost-effective?
A) Continuous subscription model
B) Pay-as-you-go pricing
C) Dedicated physical infrastructure
D) Higher installation costs
Answer: B) Pay-as-you-go pricing

20. What is the purpose of distributed systems in cloud computing?

A) Store data locally
B) Share and use resources effectively
C) Increase physical server costs
D) Provide static services
Answer: B) Share and use resources effectively
21. What is a key limitation of mainframe computing?
A) High processing power
B) High cost
C) Scalability
D) Reliability
Answer: B) High cost
22. Why was cluster computing introduced?
A) To replace grid computing
B) To reduce costs compared to mainframes
C) To increase internet speeds
D) To eliminate distributed systems
Answer: B) To reduce costs compared to mainframes
23. What does grid computing enable?
A) Fixed resource allocation
B) Large-scale problem-solving using parallel computing
C) Reduced computing power
D) Centralized data storage
Answer: B) Large-scale problem-solving using parallel computing
24. Which technology divides tasks into parallel subtasks?
A) Mainframe computing
B) Cluster computing
C) Grid computing
D) Virtualization
Answer: C) Grid computing
25. How does cluster computing improve scalability?
A) By adding new nodes
B) By replacing distributed systems
C) By using high-cost hardware
D) By storing data locally
Answer: A) By adding new nodes
26. What was the main issue with distributed systems?
A) Limited scalability
B) Geographical restrictions
C) Lack of processing power
D) Poor fault tolerance
Answer: B) Geographical restrictions
27. Which system was introduced to address distributed system limitations?
A) Hypervisor
B) Cluster computing
C) Internet services
D) Thick clients
Answer: B) Cluster computing