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CLOUD COMPUTING
1. How many phases are there in cloud computing?

a) 1

b) 2

c) 3

d) 4

2. What does SaaS stand for?

a) Software as a Service

b) Storage as a Software

c) Security as a Service

d) System as a Service

3. PaaS is primarily used for:

a) Data storage

b) Software development and deployment

c) Networking

d) Operating systems

4. IaaS provides:

a) Software solutions

b) Virtual machines and storage

c) Programming platforms

d) User applications

5. Which cloud model is shared among multiple organizations?

a) Private Cloud

b) Hybrid Cloud

c) Community Cloud

d) Public Cloud
6. A Private Cloud is:

a) Open to the general public

b) Owned by a single organization

c) Cost-free

d) Accessible from any device

7. Virtualization allows:

a) Multiple operating systems on a single physical machine

b) Local processing

c) Non-shared resources

d) Greater hardware requirements

8. Which of these is NOT a benefit of cloud computing?

a) Flexibility

b) High maintenance costs

c) Remote access

d) Disaster recovery

9. Distributed Parallel Computing involves:

a) Sharing a single task across multiple processors

b) Using cloud resources only

c) Storing data across multiple drives

d) Running sequential programs

10. Containerization is primarily focused on:

a) System-level virtualization

b) Application packaging and deployment

c) Server maintenance

d) Data backup
11. Server-based virtualization uses:

a) A host operating system

b) No host operating system

c) Only local storage

d) Binary packaging

12. Hypervisor-based virtualization typically involves:

a) Two layers of software

b) Only the guest operating system

c) Direct hardware access

d) No isolation

13. Type 1 hypervisors run:

a) On hosted operating systems

b) Directly on hardware

c) Inside virtual machines

d) On mobile devices

14. Type 2 hypervisors run:

a) Directly on hardware

b) On another operating system

c) As cloud instances

d) Without resource management

15. Full virtualization allows:

a) Complete isolation of guest OS

b) Limited resource usage

c) Hard-coded device drivers

d) Network dependency
16. Para virtualization requires:

a) A special guest OS

b) No changes to applications

c) Standard drivers

d) No hypervisor

17. Virtual Machines are:

a) Lightweight instances

b) Full OS systems running in an isolated state

c) Limitless in scalability

d) Syncable with physical hardware

18. Containers are:

a) VMs without OS

b) Isolated environments for running applications

c) Only data storage

d) Not resource efficient

19. Continuous Integration (CI) focuses on:

a) Code deployment only

b) Merging code changes frequently

c) Hardware improvements

d) Network stability

20. Continuous Delivery (CD) ensures:

a) All applications are manually tested

b) Code is always in a deployable state

c) Long deployment cycles

d) Limited user testing

21. The cloud security model primarily involves:

b) Shared responsibility

c) Sole provider responsibility

d) User-only protection

22. Which of the following best describes a Community Cloud?

a) Owned by a single organization

b) Designed for a specific community with shared concerns

c) Completely free of charge

d) Independent of external environments

23. What is a key feature of hybrid cloud architecture?

a) Uses only private resources

b) Combines on-premises infrastructure with public cloud services

c) Strictly local data processing

d) No connectivity with other systems

24. Load balancing in cloud computing involves:

a) Reducing storage costs

b) Distributing workloads across resources

c) Preloading data

d) Enhancing local performance

25. In virtualization, resource pooling refers to:

a) Resource allocation for single tasks

b) Combining resources from various sources for multiple tasks

c) Physical storage capacity

d) Limiting access to resources

26. The primary goal of cloud orchestration is:

a) Secure storage
 b) Managing and coordinating cloud services

c) Isolation of applications

d) Building hardware infrastructure

27. Multi-tenancy in cloud computing means:

a) Multiple customers share the same physical resources

b) Isolation of customer resources

c) Reserved resources for single tenants

d) Exclusively private resources

28. Which of the following is NOT a type of cloud service model?

a) SaaS

b) PaaS

c) EaaS

d) IaaS

29. Containers are typically managed by:

a) Virtual machines

b) Hypervisors

c) Container orchestration tools

d) File servers

30. The relationship between cloud computing and edge computing involves:

a) Edge is always preferred over cloud

b) Cloud provides centralized processing while edge handles local data

c) They are completely unrelated

d) Cloud and edge are interchangeable terms

31. A critical challenge in cloud computing is:

a) Infinite scalability

b) Network latency
 c) Unlimited access

d) Resource sharing

32. Which of the following is an advantage of using Containers over VMs?

a) VMs are more resource-efficient

b) Containers share the same OS kernel

c) VMs are faster to start

d) Containers require more management

33. CI/CD pipelines are primarily used for:

a) Manual testing processes

b) Automated software testing and deployment

c) Data storage management

d) Hardware resource allocation

34. A cloud management platform is used for:

a) Solely deploying applications

b) Optimizing resource utilization and managing cloud infrastructure

c) Creating programming languages

d) Enhancing network speed

35. The main difference between public and private clouds is:

a) Cost structures

b) Accessibility for the public

c) Technology used

d) Disaster recovery options

36. Cloud-native applications are designed to:

a) Be deployed in physical environments only

b) Leverage cloud delivery and management benefits

c) Run exclusively on local servers

37. Which of the following best describes scalability in cloud services?

a) Resource limitation

b) The ability to adjust resources based on demand

c) Fixed resource allocation

d) Physical resource dependency

38. High availability in cloud architecture means:

a) Infrequent downtime

b) Zero system failures

c) Continuous service operational time

d) Limited connectivity

39. Security in cloud computing can be enhanced by:

a) Exclusively offline practices

b) Applying encryption and access controls

c) Avoiding user authentication

d) Relying on public resources only

40. Function as a Service (FaaS) provides:

a) Full application infrastructure

b) Functions executed in response to events

c) Data storage services

d) Desktop applications

41. Which of the following represents a disadvantage of hybrid cloud?

a) Simplified infrastructure management

b) Complexity of integration between environments

c) Unlimited scalability

d) Cost reduction
42. What is the primary role of a hypervisor?

a) Managing only physical servers

b) Creating and managing virtual machines

c) Backing up data

d) Running applications directly

43. A microservices architecture in cloud computing enables:

a) Monolithic application structures

b) Tight coupling of services

c) Independent deployment and scaling of services

d) Limited technology choices

44. Data sovereignty relates to:

a) Storing data indefinitely

b) Legal control over data based on location

c) Unlimited access privileges

d) Cost management practices

45. Elasticity in cloud computing refers to:

a) The slowness of scaling up

b) Automatic scaling based on usage

c) Fixed resource usage

d) Manual servers relocation

46. Serverless computing is best defined as:

a) Running servers without hardware

b) A model where the cloud provider handles server management

c) No resource allocation

d) Focus on physical server locations

a) Continuous segregation of work

b) Collaboration between development and operations teams

c) Manual integration processes

d) High costs in development

48. Which one of the following is an example of a PaaS provider?

a) Google Drive

b) Microsoft Azure

c) Dropbox

d) Amazon S3

49. The term "infrastructure as code" (IaC) refers to:

a) Physical infrastructure management

b) Automated configuration and management of infrastructure through code

c) Manual server processes

d) Use of only command-line interfaces

50. Which metric is commonly used to assess the performance of CI/CD pipelines?

a) Server temperature

b) Deployment frequency

c) Hardware utilization

d) Network speed

ANswers:
1. c

2. a

3. b

4. b

5. d

6. b
7. a

8. b

9. a

10. b

11. a

12. a

13. b

14. b

15. a

16. a

17. b

18. b

19. b

20. b

21. b

22. b

23. b

24. b

25. b

26. b

27. a

28. c

29. c

30. b

31. b

32. b

33. b

34. b

35. b

36. b

37. b
38. c

39. b

40. b

41. b

42. b

43. c

44. b

45. b

46. b

47. b

48. b

49. b

50. b