Quartile--Decile-05112021-014948pm

QUARTILES, DECILES, AND PERCENTILES
Median is the middle point in the axis frequency distribution

curve, and it divides the area under the curve into two equal
parts, having the same area in the left, and in the right.
On similar basis, the area under the curve may be divided into
four equal areas or parts, called as quartiles. In the same
procedure divide the area for ten equally pieces and each
area is called deciles. Finally where divided the area for
hundred equally pieces and each area is called percentiles.
Quartile
 A quartile is a statistical term that describes a division

of observations into four defined intervals based on
the values of the data and how they compare to the
entire set of observations.
 The quartile measures the spread of values above and
below the mean by dividing the distribution into four
groups.
 A quartile divides data into three points—a lower
quartile, median, and upper quartile—to form four
groups of the dataset.
How Quartiles Work
 Just like the median divides the data into half so that
50% of the measurement lies below the median and
50% lies above it, the quartile breaks down the data
into quarters so that 25% of the measurements are
less than the lower quartile, 50% are less than the
median, and 75% are less than the upper quartile.
 Each quartile contains 25% of the total observations.
Generally, the data is arranged from smallest to largest:
 First quartile: the lowest 25% of numbers

 Second quartile: between 25.1% and 50% (up to the median)
 Third quartile: 50.1% to 75% (above the median)
 Fourth quartile: the highest 25% of numbers
Quartile for ungrouped data
Example
Example 2
Example 3
 Find the median, lower quartile, upper quartile,
interquartile range and range of the following numbers.
12, 5, 22, 30, 7, 36, 14, 42, 15, 53, 25, 65
(n+1)/4=3.25
Question
 Find the median, lower quartile and upper quartile of

the following numbers.
59, 60, 65, 65, 68, 69, 70, 72, 75, 75, 76, 77,
81, 82, 84, 87, 90, 95, 98
Quartile for grouped data
Q3=207.5
Q1=80.2
Q2=107
Q3=134.5
Question
 Find Q1 for following continues group

Wages 1-10 10- 20 20- 30 30-40 40-50
frequency 22 38 46 35 19 N=160
CF 22 60 106 141 160
 14.74
DECILES
 Deciles divides a data into 10 equal parts. For
any series 0f data set , there are 9 deciles
denoted by D1,D2…D9. These are called as first
decile, second decile so on
 .
DECILE
 A decile is a quantitative method of splitting up a set of

ranked data into 10 equally large subsections.
 A decile rank arranges the data in order from lowest to

highest and is done on a scale of one to 10 where each
successive number corresponds to an increase of 10
percentage points.
 This type of data ranking is performed as part of many

academic and statistical studies in the finance and
economics fields.
DECILE
Decile for ungrouped data
Example
Decile for grouped data
Example
EXAMPLE CONTINUE..
D1=69.5
D5=107
D9=143.2
PERCENTILES
 • Percentiles are used to understand and interpret data. They
indicate the values below which a certain percentage of the
data in a data set is found.
 • Percentiles can be calculated using the formula n = (P/100) x

N, where P = percentile, N = number of values in a data set
(sorted from smallest to largest), and n = ordinal rank of a given
value.
 • Percentiles are frequently used to understand test scores and

biometric measurements.
What Percentile means?
 Percentiles should not be confused with percentages. The
latter is used to express fractions of a whole, while percentiles
are the values below which a certain percentage of the data in
a data set is found. In practical terms, there is a significant
difference between the two. For example, a student taking a
difficult exam might earn a score of 75 percent. This means
that he correctly answered every three out of four questions.
A student who scores in the 75th percentile, however, has
obtained a different result. This percentile means that the
student earned a higher score than 75 percent of the other
students who took the exam. In other words, the percentage
score reflects how well the student did on the exam itself; the
percentile score reflects how well he did in comparison to
other students.
Percentile for Ungrouped data
Find P25, p59 and p80
Percentile for Grouped Data
Find P20 and P60
P8=69.5
P50=107
P85=140.5
Home work

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QUARTILES, DECILES, AND PERCENTILES

Median is the middle point in the axis frequency distribution

 A quartile is a statistical term that describes a division

 First quartile: the lowest 25% of numbers

 Find the median, lower quartile and upper quartile of

 Find Q1 for following continues group

CF 22 60 106 141 160

 A decile is a quantitative method of splitting up a set of

 A decile rank arranges the data in order from lowest to

 This type of data ranking is performed as part of many

 • Percentiles can be calculated using the formula n = (P/100) x

 • Percentiles are frequently used to understand test scores and

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