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    OHM'S LAW

    Uploaded by

    arjunaaradhya5
    Physics board practical

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    OHM'S LAW

    Uploaded by

    arjunaaradhya5
    2 views3 pages
    Physics board practical

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

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    Physics board practical

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    2 views3 pages

    OHM'S LAW

    Uploaded by

    arjunaaradhya5
    Physics board practical

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 3

    OHM’S LAW

    AIM:
    To determine resistivity of two wires by plotting a graph for potential difference
    versus current.

    APPARATUS AND MATERIALS:


    Resistance wires , a voltmeter , an ammeter of appropriate range, a battery
    (eliminator), rheostat, meter scale, one-way key, a screw gauge, connecting wires
    and a piece of sand paper.

    THEORY:
    According to Ohm’s law, the current passing through a conductor is directly
    proportional to the potential difference across its ends , provided its physical
    conditions like temperature, dimensions , pressure etc. of the conductor remain
    the same.
    If I is the current flowing through a conductor and V ,the potential difference
    across its ends, then according to Ohm’s law,
    I∝V
    Or, V ∝ I
    Or, V=IR
    Where R is the constant of proportionality called resistance of the conductor.
    𝑽
    𝑹 =
    𝑰
    R depends upon the nature of material , temperature and dimension of the
    conducting wire.
    To establish the current- voltage relationship, a graph between potential
    difference (V) and current (I) is plotted . The graph is a straight line establishing
    that
    𝑽
    = 𝒄𝒐𝒏𝒔𝒕𝒂𝒏𝒕
    𝑰
    This constant ratio gives the unknown value of resistance.
    Specific resistance (ρ) of the material of the wire is given by
    𝑅𝐴
    𝜌 =
    𝑙
    where, ‘A’is the area of cross section of the given wire and ‘l ‘its length.
    PROCEDURE:
    (I) Arrange the apparatus in the same manner as in the circuit diagram.

    17
    (II) Note down the value of V and I from voltmeter and ammeter for a given
    position of rheostat.
    (III) Shift the rheostat contact slightly so that both ammeter readings and
    voltmeter readings show next set of full-scale readings and not in fractions.
    (IV) Take at least 6 sets of independent readings.
    (V) Remove the wire and find its length using a meter scale and its diameter
    using a screw gauge
    The same procedure is repeated for the given set of 2-3 wires.
    RESULT:
    The V-I graph plotted for all the two resistance wires were found to be a
    straight line.
    Resistance Wire 1 :
    Resistance of the given wire ( from V-I graph) =
    Resistivity of the given wire =
    Resistance Wire 2 :
    Resistance of the given wire ( from V-I graph) =
    Resistivity of the given wire =
    PRECAUTIONS:
    o The connections should be neat , clean and tight.
    o Voltmeter and ammeter should be of appropriate range.
    SOURCES OF ERROR:
    o The instrument screws may be loose.
    o Thick connecting wires may not be available.
    CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

    18
    TABULAR COLUMN -1

    To find the relationship between V and I

    Voltmet
    er
    Ammeter 𝑽
    reading 𝑹= Mean
    V Resistance wire reading 𝑰
    (I)
    (V)
    volt ampere Ω
    1

    2 Resistance wire 1

    2 Resistance wire 2

    19

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