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    chapter1 (4)

    Uploaded by

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    4 views43 pages

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    4 views43 pages

    chapter1 (4)

    Uploaded by

    deti1234erbamo

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 43

    Computer Graphics (COMP378)

    CHAPTER ONE
    Computer Graphics Definition
    2

     Computer graphics is the art of drawing pictures,


    lines, and charts by using programming language
     In computer graphics objects are represented as a
    collection of discrete picture element called pixel
     Algorithms and Hardware required to produce
    realistic and useful images on the computer.
    Computer Graphics Definition
    3

    Algorithms and Hardware required to produce realistic


    and useful images on the computer.
    Computer Graphics Definition
    4

    Algorithms and Hardware required to produce realistic


    and useful images on the computer.
    Rendering Definition
    5

     Rendering or image synthesis is the process of generating


    image by means of a computer program.
     Taking a picture of object model using a virtual camera
    Applications of Computer Graphics
    6

     Computer graphics deals with creation,manipulation


    and storage of different type of images and objects.
     There are a number of areas can be mentioned as an
    application area of Computer graphics
    1. Computer Aided Design(CAD)
    7

     Used for design of buildings, automobiles, aircraft,


    watercraft, spacecraft, computers, textiles, …

    Multiple window, color coded CAD Color coded wireframe display of


    workstation displays body designs for an aircraft
    1. Computer Aided Design(CAD)
    8

     Animations and wireframe displays used in CAD


    allow the designer to see in to the interior of the
    object and to watch the behavior of inner
    components during motion.

    Simulation of
    vehicle performance
    during path changes
    1. Computer Aided Design(CAD)
    9

     Architects also use it to lay out floor plan and design


    different building features.
     With virtual reality systems designers can even go for
    a simulation walk through the rooms.

    Realistic, 3D rendering of
    building designs
    2. Presentation Graphics
    10

     Used to produce illustrations for reports,


     Summarizing
     Financial
     Statistical
     Mathematical and scientific data

     To generate slides.
     Typical examples
     Bar charts
    2D bar and pie chart linked to
     Line graphs
    geographical chart
     Pie charts
     …
    3. Computer Art
    11

     Both fine arts and commercial art applications


     For designing object’s shape and specifying object’s
    motion Artists use
     Paintbrush programs:
     used to paint pictures on the screen of a video monitor using
    graphics tablet and stylus
     Desktop publishing software
     Animation packages …
     Cartoon drawing,
     paintings,
     logo design can also be done.
    Cartoon drawing produced with a
    paintbrush program
    3. Computer Art
    12

     For mathematical art there are software like


    Mathematica with different mathematical functions
    Visualization of Fermat’s
    Last Theorem.
    Cont…
    13

    Computer Graphics- Computer science- EIT-M


    Cont….
    14

     For creating logos, TV advertising spots, page layouts


    with text and graphics

    TV Ads and 3D logo

    Computer Graphics- Computer science- EIT-M


    4. Entertainment
    15

     For making motion pictures, music videos, and


    television shows
     Graphical objects can be displayed by themselves or
    can be combined with the actors and live scenes.

    Avatar Toy Story


    Cont…
    16

    Computer Graphics- Computer science- EIT-M


    5.Education and Training
    17

     For some training applications using simulator,


     visualizing physical, financial and economical system
    models

    Automobile simulator used to test


    drivers reaction
    6. Visualization
    18

     To visualize and analyse large amount of information for scientists,


    engineers, medical personels, business analysts, ...
     Techniques: color coding, contour plots, graphs and charts, surface
    rendering, visualizations of volume interiors, ...

    Volume visualization of the color


    Gamut of the image (ICC3D)
    7. Image Processing
    19

     Computer Graphics: creating


    a picture using computers
     Image Processing: modifying
    or interpreting existing
    pictires like photographs and
    TV scans.
     Application
     Image inhansment (improving
    image quality) Blurred photograph of a
     Servilance license plate and the inhanced
     Together: they applied in version of it.
    different applications.
     Example: in Medicine for
    computer-aided surgery
    8. Graphical User Interface
    20

     Interactive pointing devices


     Displayed menues
     Icons which represent some processing options

    Graphical user interface (GUI) from paint application with menus, icons, and color plates
    Vertual Reality and Augmented Reality
    21
    Overview of Graphics Systems
    22

     A computer graphics system is a computer system; as


    such, it must have all the components of a general-
    purpose computer system.
     1. Input devices
     2. Central Processing Unit
     3. Graphics Processing Unit
     4. Memory
     5. Frame buffer
     6. Output devices
    23

    Display Device
    Cathod Ray Tube
    Raster Scan and Random Scan

    Computer Graphics- Computer science- EIT-M


    Graphics Display Devices
    24

     Any computer-generated image must be displayed in


    some form. The most common graphics display
    device is the video monitor
     Liquid Crystal
     LED and
     Plasma based display
     The most common technology for video monitors is the
    Cathode Ray Tube (CRT)
    Cathode Ray Tube
    25

     The primary output device in a graphical system is the video monitor.


     The main element of a video monitor is the Cathode Ray Tube (CRT), shown in
    the following illustration
    Cont…
    26

    The operation of CRT is very simple:


    1. The electron gun emits a beam of electrons
    (cathode rays).
    2. The electron beam passes through focusing and
    deflection systems that direct it towards specified
    positions on the phosphor-coated screen.
    3. When the beam hits the screen, the phosphor
    emits a small spot of light at each position contacted
    by the electron beam.
    4. It redraws the picture by directing the electron
    beam back over the same screen points quickly.
    Cont…
    27

    Computer Graphics- Computer science- EIT-M


    Raster Scan
    28

    Computer Graphics- Computer science- EIT-M


    Cont….
    29

    Computer Graphics- Computer science- EIT-M


    30

    Computer Graphics- Computer science- EIT-M


    31

    Computer Graphics- Computer science- EIT-M


    32

    Computer Graphics- Computer science- EIT-M


    33

    Computer Graphics- Computer science- EIT-M


    Cont…
    34

    Computer Graphics- Computer science- EIT-M


    Random scan display
    35

    Computer Graphics- Computer science- EIT-M


    Cont…
    36

    Computer Graphics- Computer science- EIT-M


    Cont…
    37

    Computer Graphics- Computer science- EIT-M


    Cont…
    38

    Computer Graphics- Computer science- EIT-M


    39

    Computer Graphics- Computer science- EIT-M


    40

    Computer Graphics- Computer science- EIT-M


    Random Scan Display
    41

    Computer Graphics- Computer science- EIT-M


    Cont…
    42

    Computer Graphics- Computer science- EIT-M


    Cont…
    43

    Computer Graphics- Computer science- EIT-M

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