Trần Trọng Khiêm – 21124014

Homework 1

Unit 1: Optical Storage

Task 1:
1. CD stands for Compact Disk and DVD has two names which are Digital Video
Disk and Digital Versatile Disk.
2. The main advantage of using DVDs instead of CDs is the larger amount of storage
by using digital technology.
Task 3:
1. Optical discs can store data at much higher densities than magnetic disks and they
are not affected by magnetic fields which means that they are more secure and
stable as well as can be transported through airport metal detectors without
damaging the data. However, optical drives are slower than hard drives.
2. The storage capacity of a double-sided, dual-layer DVD is 18GB.
3. A DVD burner records information by burning via a laser to a blank DVD disc
whereas a DVD recorder refers to a standalone unit that resembles a video cassette
recorder.
4. Portable DVD players usually come with a built-in DVD drive and widescreen
LCD display. They let you watch movies on TV, play games, and listen to music.
They also support multi-format playback which means they can play many file
formats, including DVD-video, CD audio discs, MP3 music, and JPEG images.
5. The two possible successors to DVDs are HD-DVD and Blu-ray discs.
6. Blu-ray format gets its name from using a blue-violet laser.
Task 4:
Capacity and formats Possible uses
CD A CD can hold 650 – 700 MB. CD A dictionary, a game, storing music
uses a laser beam to read data. CDs or can be used as a hard disk.
come in three different formats:
CD-ROMs (read-only memory) are
read-only units, meaning you
cannot change the data stored on
them.
CD-R (recordable) discs are write-
once devices that let you duplicate
music CDs and other data CDS.
 CD-RW (rewritable) discs enable
you to write onto them many times,
just like a hard disk.
DVD A basic DVD can hold 4.7GB. In It can be used to store movies,
addition, a DVD can be double- games, music, back up data files or
sided and dual-layer, with a record audio and video.
capacity of 18GB. DVD uses a
laser beam to read data.
DVDs also come in several
formats: DVD-ROMs, DVD-R or
DVD+R, and DVD-RW discs.

Blu-ray A Blu-ray disc has a capacity of Blu-ray discs can record and play
25GB (single layer), 50GB (dual back high-definition television and
layer) and 100GB (four layers). digital audio, as well as computer
Blu-ray uses a blue-violet laser. data.

Task 7:
1. To keep the operating system and the programs on a home computer: The most
suitable device for this purpose would be the Seagate hard drive. With its superfast
8ms response time and capacity ranging from 80GB to 1TB, it provides ample
storage space and efficient performance for storing the operating system and
programs.
2. To watch a movie on a plane or in the back seat of a car: The Panasonic portable
DVD player would be the ideal choice for this purpose. It features an 8" portable
LCD screen and comes with a Car Kit, allowing for convenient movie viewing
during travel. It is compatible with DVD-Video, CD, and MP3-formatted audio
CD, providing a versatile entertainment option.
3. To hold your favorite photos and music: The Iomega portable hard drive would be
suitable for storing your favorite photos and music. With its 160GB capacity and
2.5" form factor, it offers a compact and affordable way to back up and store a
significant amount of data, including photos and music files.
4. To make backup copies and to transport files between computers in a big
company: The Toshiba USB flash drive is the most suitable device for this
purpose. With its high-speed capabilities and 16GB storage capacity, it provides a
portable and convenient solution for making backup copies and transporting files
between computers within a big company. Its plug-and-play functionality makes it
easy to use with any USB connection.
5. To hold historical records in the National Library: For this purpose, the LaCie
DVD drive would be a good choice. It offers a 16x DVD writer with the ability to
 play and record various types of DVDs and CDs. This allows for archiving and
storing historical records in a format that is widely compatible and can be accessed
by future generations.
6. To read, write, and rewrite high-definition video and TV: The Sony Blu-ray disc
drive would be the most suitable device for this purpose. As part of Sony's Vaio
AR laptop, it offers a portable Blu-ray studio with a Blu-ray disc drive. This
enables reading, writing, and rewriting high-definition video and TV content.
Combined with the laptop's 17" widescreen display and powerful processor, it
provides a comprehensive solution for handling high-definition media.

Task 8:
Group A:
1. Network computer: A computer that is designed to be connected to a network,
allowing users to access shared resources and services.
2. Notebook computer: A portable computer that is smaller and lighter than a
traditional laptop computer, often designed for easy mobility.
3. Palmtop computer: A small handheld computer that can fit in the palm of a hand,
typically used for basic computing tasks and personal organization.
4. Laptop computer: A portable computer that is designed to be used on a person's
lap, featuring a built-in keyboard and display.
5. Desktop computer: A personal computer that is designed to be used at a desk or
workstation, typically consisting of a separate tower unit and a monitor.
6. Handheld computer: A portable computer that is small enough to be held in one
hand, often used for specific purposes such as data collection or mobile
computing.
7. Mainframe computer: A powerful computer system that is designed to handle
large-scale processing and data storage for organizations or institutions.
8. Microcomputer: A small-scale computer system that is designed for individual
use, commonly known as a personal computer (PC).
Group B:
1. Computer network: A system of interconnected computers and devices that can
share resources, exchange data, and communicate with each other.
2. Computer system: A collection of hardware, software, and peripherals that work
together to perform computing tasks and operations.
3. Computer engineer: A professional who designs, develops, and maintains
computer hardware and software systems.
 4. Computer language: A programming language used to communicate instructions
to a computer and develop software applications.
5. Computer room: A dedicated space or facility that houses computer systems and
related equipment.
6. Computer consultant: An expert or specialist who provides advice, guidance, and
support in the field of computer technology and systems.
Group C:
1. Database: A structured collection of data that is organized and stored in a
computer system, allowing for efficient retrieval and manipulation.
2. Data block: A fixed-sized unit of data that is stored and managed as a single entity
in a computer system.
3. Data bus: A communication pathway or channel used for transferring data
between different components or devices in a computer system.
4. Data communication: The transmission and exchange of data between computers
or devices through a network or communication medium.
5. Data stream: A continuous flow of data that is transmitted or processed
sequentially.
6. Data field: A specific part or element within a data record that holds a distinct
piece of information.
7. Data flow: The movement and transfer of data between different components or
processes within a computer system.
Group D:
1. Bar code: A visual representation of data in the form of a series of parallel lines or
patterns, used for automatic identification and tracking.
2. Colour code: A system of using colors or color combinations to represent specific
information or instructions.
3. Machine code: A low-level programming language that consists of instructions
directly executable by a computer's hardware.
4. 8-digit code: A numerical code consisting of eight digits, often used to represent
specific data or information.
5. Source code: The human-readable form of a computer program, written in a
programming language, before it is translated into machine code.
6. Object code: The machine-readable or executable form of a computer program,
generated from the source code through compilation or interpretation.
Group E:
 1. Assembly language: A low-level programming language that uses mnemonic
codes to represent machine instructions, closely related to the computer's
architecture.
2. High-level language: A programming language that is designed to be more user-
friendly and easier to understand for humans, providing abstraction from machine-
level details.
3. Low-level language: A programming language that is closer to machine code and
allows for direct control over hardware resources.
4. Computer language: A general term referring to any programming language used
to write instructions for a computer.
5. Markup language: A language that uses tags or annotations to define the structure
and presentation of text-based documents, such as HTML or XML.
6. Programming language: A formal language with a set of rules and syntax used to
write computer programs.
7. Symbolic language: A programming language that uses symbols and mnemonic
codes to represent instructions, often used in assembly languages or specialized
systems.
Task 9:
1. A device that reads magnetic cards: Magnetic card reader or magnetic stripe
reader.
2. A unit that gives a visual display of information on a screen: Display monitor or
computer monitor.
3. A device that plots graphs: Plotter or graph plotter.
4. A device that prints using a laser as the light source: Laser printer.
5. A device that prints using a jet of ink: Inkjet printer.
6. The rate of transmission of data: Data transfer rate or data transmission rate.
7. A package for making presentations using multimedia: Presentation software or
multimedia presentation software.
8. A device used to input data to a computer: Input device or data input device.
9. A device used to read characters by optical means: Optical character reader (OCR)
or document scanner.
Task 10:
1. Central, spiral, flat, bump.
2. Line, 3 and a half.
3. Three, laser, tracking.
4. Spin, shoot, disc.
5. Reflective, bounces, picks up.
6. Reflective, is not going to be able to, zero.
 7. Surfaces, serie.
8. Digital analog, analog.
9. 1.2, poly-carbonate, transparent, layer, acrylic solution, protect.
10. Rewrite, written, users.
11. Bumps, dye.
12. Pass, reach.
13. Laser, more heat, data point.
14. Unaltered, non-data, disc.
Unit 2: Flash Memory
Task 3:
1. Paragraph 1
2. Paragraph 4
3. Paragraph 4
4. Paragraph 3
5. Paragraph 4
6. Paragraph 2
7. Paragraph 4
Task 4:
1. Non-volatile - Flash memory is a type of non-volatile memory as it retains
information even without power.
2. Rewritable - Flash memory chips are rewritable, allowing for data to be erased and
reprogrammed.
3. Drive partitions - U3 smart drives have two drive partitions, separating
applications and data.
4. Back up - Flash memory cards can be used to back up data on PDAs and cameras.
5. Transfer - USB flash drives are used to transfer MP3s and other data files between
computers.
6. Card reader - A flash card reader is a peripheral device that reads and writes flash
memory cards.
7. Hybrid - Hybrid hard drives combine magnetic hard disks and flash memory into
one device, integrating two different technologies.
Task 5:
Blog Mail Print
Affixation: Blogger, Affixation: Mailbox, Affixation: Printer,
Blogging, Blogosphere Mailman, Mailroom Printable, Printout
 Conversion: To blog Conversion: To mail Conversion: To print
(verb), Bloggable (verb), Mailing (noun) (verb), Printing (noun)
(adjective) Compounding: Snail mail, Compounding: Printmaker,
Compounding: Travelblog, Airmail, Junk mail Print edition, Print media
Foodblog, Photoblog
Sentences:
1. As a blogger, I enjoy sharing my thoughts and experiences through my blog.
2. The blogging community in the blogosphere is diverse and vibrant.
3. I love to blog about my travel adventures and share tips with fellow travelers.
4. Her food blog features delicious recipes and restaurant reviews.
5. He showcases his photography skills through his photoblog.
6. The mailbox was overflowing with letters and packages.
7. The mailman diligently delivered the mail to each house on the street.
8. I sorted through the mail in the busy mailroom.
9. She quickly wrote a letter and sealed it in an envelope to mail to her friend.
10. Mailing important documents is always a secure way to send information.
11. Before the digital era, snail mail was the primary means of communication.
12. The airmail service ensured speedy delivery of international letters and packages.
13. I received another piece of junk mail advertising a new credit card.
14. The printer produced clear and crisp printouts of the documents.
15. The document is in a printable format, suitable for easy printing.
16. She made sure to save a printout of the important email.
17. The office staff needed to print several copies of the report.
18. Printing the company brochure required high-quality graphics.
19. The printmaker used various techniques to create unique artworks.
20. The print edition of the newspaper was delivered to subscribers every morning.
21. The world of print media continues to evolve in the digital age.

Task 6:
1. Lightweight
2. Recording
3. Player
4. Folders
5. Activate
6. Connector
7. Download
8. Storage
Task 7:
The iPhone 12 Pro is a flagship smartphone by Apple that utilizes flash-based storage
technology. It features a stunning display with OLED technology, offering vibrant colors
and high contrast. With its A14 Bionic chip and advanced engine, the iPhone 12 Pro
delivers exceptional performance and efficiency. My phone comes with a storage options
of 128GB, providing ample space for apps, photos, videos, and documents. It also
incorporates a powerful camera system, including a triple-lens setup with ultra-wide,
wide, and telephoto lenses, enabling professional-quality photography and video
recording. My favorite feature is Face ID which can secure biometric authentication and
offer seamless integration with the iOS ecosystem, providing access to a wide range of
apps and services. The iPhone 12 Pro is a cutting-edge flash-based device that combines
powerful performance, advanced features, and a sleek design.
Task 8:
Well, when it comes to MP3 and MP4 players, the main difference lies in the type of
media they support. MP3 players are designed specifically for audio files, while MP4
players can handle both audio and video files. If you're looking to play music only, an
MP3 player should do. However, if you want to watch videos as well, go for an MP4
player. As for features, consider storage capacity, battery life, screen quality, audio/video
format compatibility, and ease of use. Hope this helps, enjoy the show!
Task 9:
Group 1: Trackball, Mouse, Keyboard, Scanner
Group 2: Mainframe, PC, Microcomputer, Desktop Computer, Laptop Computer
Group 3: Programming Language, COBOL, PASCAL, BASIC
Group 4: Input Device, Output Device, Printer, Monitor, Speaker
Sentences:
1. The trackball, mouse, keyboard, and scanner are all examples of input devices
used to interact with computers.
2. Mainframes, PCs, microcomputers, desktop computers, and laptop computers are
different types of computer systems.
3. Programming languages such as COBOL, PASCAL, and BASIC are used to write
software and create applications.
4. Input devices, output devices, printers, monitors, and speakers are all components
that contribute to the overall functionality of a computer system.

Task 10:
A) A typical USB flash drive is made up of various key components that work
together to store and transfer data. The foundation of the drive is the board, which
houses internal parts and includes the USB connector for connecting to devices.
The NAND Flash Memory Chip is responsible for storing all the data and allows
for quick read and write operations. Acting as the brain of the flash drive, the
Controller Chip manages the flow of data between the USB interface and memory
chip. A Crystal Oscillator ensures precise timing for data transfer, while an LED
indicator light provides visual feedback on the drive's status. Some drives also
have a WriteProtect Switch for added data protection. Other components like
resistors, capacitors, and test points aid in maintaining signal stability and ensuring
quality control.

B) When it comes to USB connectors, there are three main types: Type A, Type B,
and Type C. The traditional rectangular Type A connector is commonly found on
computers and peripherals. Type B connectors, with their square shape and
beveled corners, are less common and often used for printers and audio equipment.
The newer and more versatile Type C connector has a small, reversible design and
supports faster data transfer speeds, higher power delivery, and additional
functionalities such as video output and device charging. As a universal standard,
Type C is now widely used in various devices including laptops, smartphones, and
external storage devices. Overall, it offers increased versatility and faster data
transfer speeds compared to the older Type A and Type B connectors.