MÓDULO 1 – INGLÉS NIVEL TECNOLÓGICO

GUÍA DE ESTUDIO

UNIDADES TECNOLÓGICAS DE SANTANDER

DEPARTAMENTO DE IDIOMAS
DICIEMBRE
2022
 CONTENT
UNIT 1. WHAT ARE YOU DOING? .................................................................................... 3
Verb To Be Review ......................................................................................................... 3
Affirmative Form of Verb To Be ................................................................................... 3
Negative Form of Verb To Be ...................................................................................... 3
Interrogative Form of Verb To Be ................................................................................ 4
Present Continuous Uses ............................................................................................... 4
Present uses ............................................................................................................... 4
Future Uses ................................................................................................................. 6
Affirmative form of Present Continuous ....................................................................... 7
Negative form of Present Continuous .......................................................................... 7
Interrogative form of Present Continuous .................................................................... 7
Spelling rules ............................................................................................................... 8
Practice ........................................................................................................................... 8
UNIT 2. TALKING ABOUT THE FUTURE ........................................................................ 10
Going to ........................................................................................................................ 10
Affirmative Form of Going to...................................................................................... 11
Negative Form of Going to ........................................................................................ 12
Interrogative Form of Going to ................................................................................... 12
Will ................................................................................................................................ 13
Affirmative Form of Will ............................................................................................. 14
Negative Form of Will ................................................................................................ 14
Interrogative form of Will............................................................................................ 15
Other Uses of Will ......................................................................................................... 15
Spontaneous decisions ............................................................................................. 15
General predictions ................................................................................................... 16
Practice ......................................................................................................................... 16
References ....................................................................................................................... 17
 UNIT 1. WHAT ARE YOU DOING?

This unit talks about the activities you cand do during a time in progress. For this,
we will use present continuous tense. First, we will review the present simple of verb to be
and its forms.

Verb To Be Review
Affirmative Form of Verb To Be

Verb to be
Subject
(affirmative)
I am / ‘m
He
She is / ‘s
It
They
We are / ‘re
You

Negative Form of Verb To Be

Verb to be
Subject
(negative)
I am not / ‘m not
He
She is not / isn’t
It
They
We are not / aren’t
You
Interrogative Form of Verb To Be

Verb to be Subject
Am I?
he?
Is she?
It?
they?
Are we?
you?

Present Continuous Uses

Now that you know the form of verb to be, it’s time to have a look to the following
examples and uses with Present Continuous.

Present uses

We use this tense for activities that are happening at the moment of speaking.
These activities usually last for a short time and they are not finished when we are talking
about them.

• I'm studying at the moment.

 • We are eating dinner now.

• The baby is sleeping.

We can also use the present continuous for other temporary activities, even if the
action isn't happening at this moment.

• Peter's working in a restaurant until he finds a job in his field. (He might not be
working now).

• I'm watching a really great series in Netflix this month.

 • She's staying with her grandparents for a week.

Future Uses

The present continuous can be used to talk about definite future arrangements
(with a future time word). It’s necessary to have made a plan and that we are sure that the
action will happen in the future.

• I'm meeting with my new boss tomorrow.

• We're going to the museum at the weekend.

 • I'm leaving at five.

Note: We can't use this continuous tense with stative verbs.

If you realized, the present continuous is formed by using the present simple of
verb to be as the auxiliary of the sentence, a verb with -ing as the continuous form.

Affirmative form of Present Continuous

SUBJECT AUXILIARY VERB (-ING) EXAMPLES

I am I am walking in the park.
You are You are walking in the park.
He He is walking in the park.
She is She is walking in the park.
walking
It It is walking in the park.
We We are walking in the park.
You are You are walking in the park.
They They are walking in the park.

Negative form of Present Continuous

SUBJECT AUXILIARY VERB (-ING) EXAMPLES

I am not I am not walking in the park.
You are not You are not walking in the park.
He He is not walking in the park.
She is not She is not walking in the park.
walking
It It is not walking in the park.
We We are not walking in the park.
You are not You are not walking in the park.
They They are not walking in the park.

Interrogative form of Present Continuous

AUXILIARY SUBJECT VERB (-ING) EXAMPLES

Am I walking Am I walking in the park?
 Are you Are you walking in the park?
he Is he walking in the park?
Is she Is she walking in the park?
it Is it walking in the park?
we Are we walking in the park?
Are you Are you walking in the park?
they Are they walking in the park?

In short answers, like the present simple, the present continuous places the adverb
(yes, no) followed by the subject and the verb to be.

• A: Are you watching TV?

B: Yes, I am.

Spelling rules

If the verb ends in a consonant, we simply add the final ending.

Read – reading
Act - acting
Meet - meeting
Find – finding
If the verb ends in a vowel (e), this is deleted and replaced by -ING.
Write - writing
Skate - skating
Come – coming
However, if the vowel is double, it is maintained and -ING is simply added.
See – seeing
When it is a monosyllabic verb ending in the consonant-vowel-consonant
sequence, the last consonant is doubled.
Get - getting
Run - running
Swim – swimming

Practice
Complete the sentences with the correct form present continuous.

1. I ___________ (watch) a reality show on TV.

2. My favourite team ___________ (win)!

3. Someone ___________ (swim) in the sea.

4. Two people ___________ (cook) dinner on the beach.

5. We ___________ (not watch) a soap opera.

6. I ___________ (not do) my homework.

7. Mum ___________ (read) a magazine.

8. My brother ___________ (not listen) to the radio.

9. Dad ___________ (not cook) dinner.

10. Tara ___________ (talk) by phone.

 UNIT 2. TALKING ABOUT THE FUTURE

This unit uses two different future simple structures to express situations in the
future. Going to and will are both used to talk about future actions but we will check the
differences and uses of these two structures.

Going to

Going to is used to express the intention that a person has to carry out a
certain activity in the future. The decision to carry out such activity has been made at some
point in the past; it has been planned.

• Jenny is going to play basketball in the afternoon with his friends.

• I’m going to travel to San Andres next December.

It is also used to express the certainty that the speaker has that something is going to
happen in the future because there are obvious signs of it in the present.
 • She’s going to have a baby.

• Oh, no! My mom is going to be very angry!

Affirmative Form of Going to

GOING VERB
SUBJECT AUXILIARY EXAMPLES
TO (INFINITIVE)
I am going to visit some friends on
I am
Sunday.
You are going to visit some
You are
friends on Sunday.
He is going to visit some friends
He
on Sunday.
visit She is going to visit some friends
She is going to
rain on Sunday.
It is going to rain. Bring your
It
umbrella.
We are going to visit some friends
We
on Sunday.
are
You are going to visit some
You
friends on Sunday.
 They are going to visit some
They
friends on Sunday.

Negative Form of Going to

GOING VERB
SUBJECT AUXILIARY EXAMPLES
TO (INFINITIVE)
I am not going to visit some
I am not
friends on Sunday.
You are not going to visit some
You are not
friends on Sunday.
He is not going to visit some
He
friends on Sunday.
is not She is not going to visit some
She visit
going to friends on Sunday.
rain
It It is not going to rain.
We are not going to visit some
We
friends on Sunday.
You are not going to visit some
You are not
friends on Sunday.
They are not going to visit some
They
friends on Sunday.

Interrogative Form of Going to

VERB
AUXILIARY SUBJECT GOING TO EXAMPLES
(INFINITIVE)
Am I going to visit some
Am I
friends on Sunday?
Are you going to visit
Are you
some friends on Sunday?
Is he going to visit some
he visit
going to friends on Sunday?
rain
Is Is she going to visit some
she
friends on Sunday?
it Is it going to rain?
Are we going to visit some
Are we
friends on Sunday?
 Are you going to visit
you
some friends on Sunday?
Are they going to visit
they
some friends on Sunday?

Short answers are made the same as the arrangement of the verb to be: first the
adverb, positive or negative, followed by the subject, and finally the verb to be.

• A: Are you going to the party?

B: No, I’m not. I have to study for my English exam.

Will

The simple future with will is a tense that we generally use to express actions or
events that will happen in a time after the present moment: I will dance, you will dance, he
will dance, etc.

• I will find a good job after graduation.

• She will need some help to finish her homework.

 Affirmative Form of Will

SUBJECT AUXILIARY VERB EXAMPLES

(INFINITIVE)
I I will have an incredible time tonight.

You You will have an incredible time tonight.

He He will have an incredible time tonight.

She She will have an incredible time tonight.

will / ‘ll have
It It will have an incredible time tonight.

We We will have an incredible time tonight.

You You will have an incredible time tonight.

They They will have an incredible time tonight.

Negative Form of Will

SUBJECT AUXILIARY VERB EXAMPLES

(INFINITIVE)
I I won’t have an incredible time tonight.

You You won’t have an incredible time tonight.

He He won’t have an incredible time tonight.

She She won’t have an incredible time tonight.

will not /
have
It won’t It won’t have an incredible time tonight.

We We won’t have an incredible time tonight.

You You won’t have an incredible time tonight.

They won’t have an incredible time

They
tonight.
Interrogative form of Will

AUXILIARY VERB EXAMPLES

SUBJECT
(INFINITIVE)
I Will I have an incredible time tonight?

you Will you have an incredible time tonight?

he Will he have an incredible time tonight?

she Will she have an incredible time tonight?

Will have
it Will it have an incredible time tonight?

we Will we have an incredible time tonight?

you Will you have an incredible time tonight?

they Will they have an incredible time tonight?

In oral speech or informal writing, the contracted form 'll is preferred. However, this
form can only be used when the subject is a personal pronoun.

• Mary will work in a restaurant. / Mary'll work in a restaurant.

• She will work in a restaurant. She'll work in a restaurant.

Other Uses of Will

Spontaneous decisions

That is, the actions that will be carried out have not been planned prior to the
present moment. They are generally promises, requests or offers, among others.

• I’ll buy you a gift for your birthday.

 • I’ll close the window. It’s quite cold.

General predictions

They are based on opinions and not facts. They are generally reinforced with
constructions such as I think, I don't think, probably, I'm sure, among others.

• I’m sure you will pass your driving test.

• I don’t think we will live on Mars in the future.

Practice

Complete the sentences with the correct form of will or going to and the verbs in
brackets.
1. When we get home, we ___________ (have) dinner.
2. I know they ___________ (feel) very happy if they win the match.
3. They’ve already decided on their next summer holiday. They ____________ (do) a tour
of Norway.
4.- She thinks that the Take That concert __________ (be) really exciting.
5. “What are your plans for this evening?” I ________ (meet) my friends and then go to a
birthday party.
6. If you revise for the exam, I’m sure you ________ (get) a good result.
7. The weather forecast is good for the next few days. It _________ (be) very sunny.
8. I can’t come on the march tomorrow. I ___________ (look after) my cousins.
9. In the future, I think humans ___________ (wipe out) many different species.
10. He is buying some butter and eggs because he _________ (make) a cake later.

References

Bender, William; N. Project-based learning: differentiating instruction for the 21st century
(2012); Corwin Company.
Igel, C; Urquhart, V. Generation Z, Meet Cooperative Learning (2012). Middle School
Journal, Vol. 43, No. 4

Johnson, D., Johnson, R. (1994). Learning together and alone, cooperative, competitive,
and individualistic learning. Needham Heights, MA: Prentice-Hall.

Prabhu, N. S. (1987). "Second Language Pedagogy". Oxford University Press. Retrieved

18 January 2013.

Roessingh, H.; Chambers, W. Project-based learning and pedagogy in teacher

Preparation: Staking out the theoretical mid-ground. Int. J. Teach. Learn. High.
Educ. 2011, 23, 60–71.