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    Metabolic Pathways

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    leeamgwyneth.galang.pharma

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Metabolic Pathways

    Uploaded by

    leeamgwyneth.galang.pharma
    2 views2 pages

    Original Title

    METABOLIC PATHWAYS

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    2 views2 pages

    Metabolic Pathways

    Uploaded by

    leeamgwyneth.galang.pharma

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 2

    GLYCOLYSIS (Net ATP: 2 ATP)

    STEPS ENZYME NEW PRODUCT

    (1) Phosphorylation of Hexokinase α-D-Glucose 6-Phosphate (G6P)


    α-D-Glucose - 1 ATP

    (2) Isomerization of Phosphohexose isomerase α-D-Fructose 6-Phosphate (F6P)


    α-D-glucose 6-phosphate
    to α-D-fructose
    6-phosphate

    (3) Phosphorylation of Phospho-fructokinase (PFK) α-D-Fructose 1,6-biphosphate


    fructose 6-phosphate - 1 ATP (F6BP)

    (4) Cleavage of fructose Aldolase Dihydroxyacetone phosphate


    1,6-bisphosphate to two (DHAP)
    trios phosphates D-Glyceryaldehyde 3-Phosphate
    (G3P)

    (5) Isomerization of triose Phosphotriose isomerase D-Glyceryaldehyde 3-Phosphate


    phosphates (G3P)

    (6) Oxidation of the –CHO Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate 1,3-Biphospho-glycerate (1,3 BPG)


    group of dehydrogenase (GAPDH)
    D-glyceraldehyde + 2 NADH
    3-phosphate

    (7) Transfer of a phosphate Phosphoglycerate kinase 2 ATP


    group from + 2 ATP 3-Phosphoglycerate (3-PG)
    1,3-bisphosphoglycerate
    to ADP.

    (8) Isomerization of Phosphoglycero mutase 2-Phosphoglycerate (2-PG)


    3-phosphoglycerate to
    2-phosphoglycerate

    (9) Dehydration of Enolase Phosphoenolpyruvate


    2-phosphoglycerate

    (10) Phosphate transfer to Pyruvate kinase 2 Pyruvate


    ADP and formation of ATP + 2 ATP 2 ATP

    PYRUVATE OXIDATION

    Pyruvate Pyruvate dehydrogenase Acetyl CoA, CO2, NADH + H+


    complex: TPP, NAD+, Lipoic acid,
    Mg2+, FAD
    CoA-SH
    + 1 NADH
    CITRIC ACID CYCLE

    1. The condensation of Citrate synthase (allosteric enzyme) Citrate


    acetyl CoA with
    oxaloacetate

    2. Dehydration of citrate Aconitase Isocitrate


    and rehydration of + 1 NADH
    cis-aconitate, catalyzed
    by aconitase, gives
    isocitrate.

    3. Oxidation of isocitrate to Isocitrate dehydrogenase α-ketoglutarate


    oxalosuccinate followed + 1 NADH
    by decarboxylation
    gives α-ketoglutarate

    4. Oxidative α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase Succinyl-CoA


    decarboxylation of complex
    α-ketoglutarate to + 1 ATP
    succinyl-CoA
    catalyzed by
    α-ketoglutarate
    dehydrogenase complex.

    5. Hydrolysis of CoA from Succinyl-CoA synthetase Succinate, GTP, CoA-SH


    succinyl-CoA to form + 1 FADH
    succinate and substrate
    phosphorylation of GDP
    to form GTP

    6. Oxidation of succinate to Succinate dehydrogenase Fumarate


    fumarate by succinate
    dehydrogenase.

    7. Hydration of fumarate to Fumarase Malate


    L-malate by fumarase.

    8. Oxidation of malate to Malate dehydrogenase Oxaloacetate


    oxaloacetate by malate + 1 NADH
    dehydrogenase

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