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    Flow of Communication, Hurdles, Types

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    Flow of Communication,Hurdles,Types

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    Flow of Communication, Hurdles, Types

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    of 14

    BUSINESS COMMUNICATION

    INTRODUCTION & BASICS

    BBA-5th
    UNIT-1

    Flow of Communication

    Compiled By : M.Umair Abbasi


    (Business Administration Department)

    2
    Flow of Communication

    Communication within a business can


    involve different types of employees and
    different functional parts of an
    organization. These patterns of
    communication are called flows,
    Types of Communication

    Communication classified according to the


    direction of interaction:

    1. Downward
    2. Upward
    3. Horizontal
    4. Diagonal
    5. External
    Flow of Communication: Upward communication
    The transmission of information from lower levels of
    an organization to higher ones; the most common
    situation is employees communicating with managers.
    Managers who encourage upward communication
    foster cooperation, gain support, and reduce frustration
    among their employees. The content of such
    communication can include requests, estimations,
    proposals, complaints, appeals, reports, and any other
    information directed from subordinates to superiors.
    Upward communication is often made in response to
    downward communication; for instance, when
    employees answer a question from their manager. In
    this respect, upward communication is a good measure
    of whether a company’s downward communication is
    effective.
    Flow of Communication: Downward communication
    When leaders and managers share information with
    lower-level employees, it’s called downward, or top-down
    communication. In other words, communication from
    superiors to subordinates in a chain of command is a
    downward communication. This communication flow is
    used by the managers to transmit work-related information
    to the employees at lower levels. Ensuring effective
    downward communication isn’t always easy. Differences in
    experience, knowledge, levels of authority, and status
    make it possible that the sender and recipient do not share
    the same assumptions or understanding of context, which
    can result in messages being misunderstood or
    misinterpreted. Creating clearly worded, unambiguous
    communications and maintaining a respectful tone can
    facilitate effective downward communication.
    Flow of Communication: Horizontal communication
    Also called lateral communication, involves the flow of
    messages between individuals and groups on the
    same level of an organization, as opposed to up or
    down. Sharing information, solving problems, and
    collaborating horizontally is often more timely, direct,
    and efficient than up or down communication, since it
    occurs directly between people working in the
    same environment. Communication within a team is an
    example of horizontal communication; members
    coordinate tasks, work together, and resolve conflicts.
    Horizontal communication occurs formally in meetings,
    presentations, and formal electronic communication,
    and informally in other, more casual exchanges within
    the office.
    Flow of Communication: Diagonal communication
     is the sharing of information among different
    structural levels within a business. This kind of
    communication flow is increasingly the norm in
    organizations (in the same way that cross-functional
    teams are becoming more common), since it can
    maximize the efficiency of information exchange. The
    shortest distance between two points is a straight
    line. Diagonal communication routes are the straight
    lines that speed communications directly to their
    recipients, at the moment communication is
    necessary. Communications that zigzag along
    horizontal and vertical routes, on the other hand, are
    vulnerable to the schedules and availability of the
    individuals who reside at each level.
    Flow of Communication: External Communication

    Another type of communication flow is external, when


    an organization communicates with people or
    organizations outside the business. Recipients of
    external communication include customers,
    lawmakers, suppliers, and other community
    stakeholders. External communication is often handled
    by marketing and sales. Annual reports, press
    releases, product promotions, financial reports are all
    examples of external communication.
    UNIT-1

    Barriers to effective communication

    Compiled By : M.Umair Abbasi


    (Business Administration Department)

    10
    Communication barriers can include anything
    that prevents or disables communicators to
    deliver the right message to the right person at
    the right time, or a receiver to get the right
    message at the right time.
    Barriers to effective communication
    1. Communication skills and styles
    2. Social distance and physical barriers
    3. Clarity, consistency, and frequency
    4. Lack of trust
    5. Listening
    6. Information overload
    7. Disengagement
    8. Clarity, consistency, and frequency
    9. Psychological BarriersLack of personalization
    10. Demographic and cultural differences
    11. Wrong communication technology
    12. Cultural Barriers
    13. Multigenerational workplaces

    Note: Students will search the details of the above points by themselves.
    What is effective communication?

    Effective communication is the process of


    exchanging ideas, thoughts, opinions,
    knowledge, and data so that the message is
    received and understood with clarity and
    purpose. When we communicate effectively,
    both the sender and receiver feel satisfied.
    How to make communication effective
    1. Be clear and concise
    2. Prepare ahead of time
    3. Watch your tone
    4. Practice active listening
    5. Create a positive organizational culture
    6. Develop a workplace communication strategy
    7. Build your emotional intelligence
    8. Be mindful of nonverbal communication
    9. Use Visual Aids When Necessary
    10. Be Open-Minded and Patient
    11. Choose the Right Communication Channel
    12. Provide and Encourage Feedback

    Note: Students will search the details of the above points by


    themselves.

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