Business Educator 31 Zane
Business Educator 31 Zane
Business Educator 31 Zane
http://www.archive.org/details/businesseducator31zane
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Its Performance
Speaks For Itself
(_J'~/ROM every school, from every business house,
(y from every individual user of the 'New Rerri'
ington Standard 12, the testimony is the same.
All experience proves that in speed, in beauty
of work, in ease of operation, in versatility, in time
saving, in every outstanding quality, it is today's
greatest typewriter value among standard machines.
NEW REMINGTON
STANDARD 12
Remington Typewriter Company
374 Broadway, New York
Branches Everywhere
REMINGTON
Standard Since the Invention of the Writing Machine
:
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BUYER
SALES MANAGER
AND
GENERAL MANAGER
This gives the student coi
business training.
Our Systems
plishes results.
fit into you
ELLISPUBLISHINGCOMPANY
Educational Publishers.
Battle Creek MKHIGAN
Speller Bookkeeping
Over 6000 \v. ds. New lessons containingwords pertaining You Will Like It. The text emphasizes the thought side of
to Aeroi)Ianes, adio. Automobiles, etc. Complete Index, 244 the subject. It stimulates and encourages the reasoning pow-
pages, attracti' binding. 50 cents. er of the pupil. Pupils acQuire a knowledge of the subject as
well as facility in the making of entries. It is a thoroughly
A Superior Speller seasoned, therefore accurate, text supported by complete
Teachers' Reference Books, and Teachers' Manual.
Twofold Design. In the preparation of the Metropolitan
Business Speller we had constantly in mind two objects Parts I and II text is an elementary course suitable for
first, to teach the pupil to spell, and second to enlarge his any school in which the subject is taught. Two semesters
vocabulary, especially of words in general use. are required in High Schools and a correspondingly shorter
Classification of Words. As an aid to the memory we have time in more intensified courses.
classifiedwords, as regards sounds, syllabication, accents and
meaning. We have grouped the words relating to each par- Parts III and IV text is suitable for an advanced course
ticular kind of business into lessons, by which the student is following any modern elementary text. We make the state-
enabled to familiarize himself with the vocabulai-y of that ment witho\it hesitation, that this is the most teachable,
business. We have interspersed miscellaneous exercises in most up-to-date, and strongest text published for advanced
the nature of reviews. We
have grouped words that can best bookkeeping and elementary accounting use.
be learned by comparisons, such as Stationery and StationaiT.
Coi-poration-Mig. -Voucher unit is hound in heavy paper
Abbreviations of states, months, railways and commercial covers and contains all of Part IV. It is a complete course
terms are given in regular lesson form, and grouped alpha- in Corporation accounting including instructions, set of
betically. We regard abbreviating of almost equal impor- transactions, exercises, problems, etc. It is without doubt
tance with spelling. the best text for this part of your accounting course. List
Syllabication and pronunciation are shown by the proper prices. Text, 120 pages. 40 cents. Supplies, including Blank
division of words, and the use of the diacritical marks. The Books and Papers, 95 cents.
words are printed in bold type, and the definitions in lighter
face, so as to bring out the appearance of the word.— an aid
in sight spelling. EXAMINATION COPIES will be submitted upon request.
Address
Fall Glasses
The Psychology of Skill. By Dr. W. F. Book, Applied Business English and Correspond-
Professor of Psychology, Indiana ence. By Hagar and SoRelle. A compre-
University $2.00
hensive course in Business English, Punc-
tuation, and Correspondence, by two prac-
tical business men with a background
Learning to Typewrite. By Dr. W. F. Book.
Discusses the psychology of skill and the based on many years of successful teach-
laws that govern its acquisition in every —
ing experience. Text $1.00 Exercise book $ .40
field, and presents the results of a de-
tailed, scientific analysis of the processes
involved in the learning of typewriting $2.80
Lesson Plans in Gregg Shorthand. By Lula
M. Westenhaver, Indiana University. Con-
Making the Business Speech Effective. By tains detailed lesson plans for every lesson
Harry Collins Spillman. A manual of prac- in the Gregg Shorthand Manual, and each
tical "suggestions for speech making, with sub-division in the Manual. Discusses
outlines and analyses of speech materials. .$3.00 both subject matter and method $1.25 Net
Letters From Famous People. By Sharpless Problems and Questions in Commercial Law.
D. Green. Letters from famous men and
women, written as messages to the com- By Anion Wallace Welch, M. A., LL. B.
mercial students in the Trenton, New Jer- A laboratory pad containing 268 practical,
sey, High School. A unique collection of human-interest problems and questions
inspirational material for reading and dic-
covering the following subjects: Contracts,
tation purposes $1.20
Sales, Negotiable Instruments, Agency,
Pai-tnership, Insurance, Innkeepers, Com-
Basic Accounting. By George E. Bennett, mon Carriers, and Fixtures. The pad is
C. P. ASyracuse University. A first-year
, intended to supplement the text, regardless
accounting text by a man of wide experi- of the kind of text used $ -80
ence in both classroom and the field of
business $5.00
Some Observations on Secondary Commercial
Education... By Anion Wallace Welch. De-
Figure Construction. By Alon Benient, Di- fines the objectives and aims in commer-
rector, Art Institute, Baltimore, Maryland. cial education. Designed to give perspec-
A textbook designed to meet the needs of tive to the entire field of secondary com-
high school and college students who can- mercial education, and to develop point of
not reach life classes $2.50 view $1.00 Net
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PITMAN BOOKS
JUST OUT
Bookkeeping and Accounting tm the market chiefly in that it establishes close-up and
practicable relationships between advertising and literature,
A strictly istoff the j>ress, combining Book- a thesis that no other book on the subject has attempted.
keeping. Buj and Banking. Makes individual Numerous challenging exercises, a detailed index, a read-
instruction a eedingly interesting to the student. able style, a profusion of well-appointed illustrations, and
— An introduction by Mr. Percy S. Straus. Vice-President of
Three Systems R. H. Macy and Company. Inc., one of the largest and best-
known mercantile establishments in America, all go to make
ACTUAL BUSINESS (with offices) this new publication unique and distinguished in its volumin-
FOLDER (like above, without offices) ous field.
CORRESPONDENCE
For High Schools, or any instituti(
Business Schools Writing and Illuminating and
teaching Bookkeeping. Text and outfit sent to teachers f Lettering
examination. Mention school connection.
By Eiiward Johnston
BLISS PUBLISHING CO. 500 pages. 227 illustrations and diagrams by the Author
and Noel" Rooke. 8 pages of examples in red and black.
SAGINAW, MICH. 1^1pages of coUotpye reproductions. $2.50. Twelfth Edition.
" « » » This book belongs to that extremely rare class
in which every line bears the impress of complete mastery
of the subject. We congratulate Mr. Johnston on having
pioduced a work at once original and complete." The
Alh,,iainm.
XOI.UME 31 NUMBER 1
MATERIAL Let us roll the arm around on the in fingermovement the muscles which
Use good supplies, but not neces- muscle for a few minutes, not letting close thehand are much stronger than
sarily the most expensive. the hand touch the paper. You can those which open the hand, so that
Penholders... Use a medium size feel the muscles as you swing around
wood or corked tipped holder. Avoid freely. Lower the hand now and glide one gets tired much quicker than tlie
metal or heavy holders. on the nails of the third and fourth other. This is the main reason why
Pens. Use a medium pen, one which finger movement is much more tiring
is not too flexible. Avoid stub pens. than arm movement writing. While
Change your pen frequently or as
the main control of the pen comes
soon as it becomes scratchy or coarse
Paper. A smooth, hard surface is from the mind, the two re.sts (the
best. While your paper does not need third and fourth fingers and muscle
to be the highest in price it should be and skin below the elbow) aid greatly.
good. Use % inch ruled paper. The extent of your scope of movement
Ink. Use a free flowing thin ink, will be determined by the elasticity of
preferably black. Keep it covered the skin covering the muscles on the
when not in use, and add water if it arm below the elbow and the cloth-
gets too thick. (Write Tlie Business ing. Tlie skin and not the muscle is
Educator for a penmanship .supply the principal restriction or control of
catalog.) the forearm rest.
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The first exercise is the direct compact oval two spaces high. Let the arm roll freely and do not allow the
joints of the first finger and thumb to move. The fingers are only to hold the pen in this exerci.se. Sw^ing around
lightly in the direction of the arrow. The teacher should count 1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-20 and so on
by lO's to 100, then repeat. Do not pause after 10-20, etc., but go on regularly at about three counts per second
or about 200 to the minute. Each student should try to make one revolution to the count. The count may be varied
by repeating the words "one," "round," "down," etc. Study your counting and get life and rhythm into it. Cun^e
both sides evenly and do not grip the pen or bear down on the down strokes.
In this exercise the whole arm slides, except the skin on the arm below the elbow, in and out of the sleeve.
Your sleeve should not be tight. Pull the down strokes directly towards the body to the count of 1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-
10-1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-20, etc. See how light and even you can make it.
Here we have a combination of the first two exercises, one space high. Use the same speed and count. Do
not go too fast on this exercise.
Here we have a variety of exercises which are fine for developing movement and control. On the first exercise
retrace the large oval six times and without resting the pen swing to the small oval and retrace six times to the
count of 1-2-3-4-5-6-1-2-3-4-5-6. In the second exercise retrace about six times and finish like capital 0. Count
1-2-3-4-5-6, finish. Be sure that you have both sides evenly cun^ed in the tracer. Finish with an upward move-
ment to the count of 1-2-1-2-1-2-1-2, etc. In the fourth exercise retrace the small oval forming the loop of C six
times and without stopping swing to the larger oval retraving it six times. Count 1-2-3-4-5-6-1-2-3-4-5-6, etc. In
the two space C tracer watch the movement. It should be as free as in the other exercises. No finger motion
should be used in forming the ovals. Count 1-2-1-2-1-2-1-2, etc. In the small one space O and C exercise use the
same count as for the large exercise. Practice each one separately, striving for a nice graceful free motion, and at
the same time good form. The and C are made from the direct oval. The should be closed at the top and
consists of a slanting oval, with a loop finished upward. For the O count 1-2. For the group of O's you can
count 1-2, 3-4, 5-6, 7-8, with a slight pause between the letters. The C contains a loop with a large oval around
it. Curce the beginning loop.
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Practice each exercise in the top line of two space exercises. For the A tracer count 1-2, 1-2, etc., and for
the E tracer count, dot-l-2-3-dot-l-2-3. Close the A at the top and finish below the base line with a right cui-ve.
Get the A the same size as the O and C. The oval in the A slants more than the but the letter as a whole
should be on the same slant as the O. Start the letter E with a dot. Get the little loop in the center open and
slanting slightly downward. The finishing loop should be full and graceful. Count, dot-1-2-3, etc.
The connected letter exercise is fine to get control and movement. Work on each one separately. Study shape
of the letters and get each group the same in general proportion.
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The first four exerci.ses should be made slightly smaller than one space. Swing around the oval six times, then
trace the straight line six times. Trace the underturn exercisees about four times to the count of 1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-
9-10. Be sure to get angles at the top and turns at the bottom. Curve the upward stroke slightly. In the i and u
exercises get more space between letters than in letters. Count two for each u. Work on each exercise leading- up
to the w. The important points in the w are to get angles at the top and turns at the bottom. The little dot
finish should be given special atention. It is a small dot or retrace. Be careful not to make the w too wide. Make
the space between w's a little wider than in w's. Count 1-2-3-1-2-3, etc. Check the motion at the retrace part of
the w. Tlie e should be swung around freely. Count two for individual letter. Try to keep the down strokes
straight and upward strokes curved. If you would have a legible e get plenty of daylight in it.
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By this time you should be able to make the developing exercises with considerable freedom and skill. In
making the a be sure that you close it at the top. It is necessary to check the motion on the retrace. The finish
of the a should come down to the base line before swinging up to the headline. The oval in the a should be
slanted more than in the small letter o. Close the o at the top, and keep the oval rounding. The important part of
the is to finish it similar to the w. No two other letters cause so much illegibility as the small letters a and o.
It is absolutely necesary to make a distinction between the finish of the o and a. For legibility, therefore, keep
the finishing stroke of a down at the base line and the finishing stroke of a up at the headline.
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PLATE 16
In this plate we have See that the down stroke in D is a nice com-
a continuation of the capital stem letters.
pound curve. The small loop should be made parallel to base line.
In Copy 173 the hook form of finishing the letter should be used. Use a rapid arm movement for this and check
the motion suddenly when the hook part is reached. In Copy 174 the word should be written without lifting the pen.
Begin J with the reversed oval, made narrow, as an exercise, and endeavor to make down-stroke in J as straight as
possible.
PLATE 17
The stroke in H and K is the most difficult of any used in these letters. Tlie first line should be a very
fii-st
decided curve, in order that the letter may not slant too much. The first part of these two letters is made a trifle
shorter than last part. The finishing part of K is composed of short compound cun-es, together with a small loop,
which comes about one-half height of letter.
Careful study should always precede practice on any letter. Now see if you have a perfect image of these let-
PLATE 18
The down strokes in loops below the line should be made practically straight, and these loops should be made
with rather a quick motion. See what an easy arm movement you can use in making these letters. Faithful and
persistent practice always wins.
We can still furnish back numbers containing all of Mr Mills' lessons. It will pay you to get this complete
course now.
PLATE 16
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PLATE 17
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PLATE 18
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Written by Helen Wire, pupil in John Adams Junior High School, Los Angeles, Calif..
Mrs.
I Lucy P. Mitchell, teacher. Many fine specimens have been received from this school.
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Business writing by E. A. Lupfer, Zanerian College, Columbus, O.
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Teachers and Students are urged to assist in collecting material for this page
Students who are subscribers to the B. E. may secure free criticism when working on the lesson in the B. E. Send return postage.
September Contest. Write in black ink (not blue) a four line poem and send to Contest Department of the BUSINESS EDUCATOR.
Special Notice. Those beginning Mr. Bailey's course should write a specimen in black ink containing an alphabet, capitals and small
letters,and the following sentences: This is a specimen of my best business writing this day of September, 192.5. Mail to the
Contest Department or hand to your teacher to mail to us. Further details of this improvement contest will be announced later.
Watch for students' specimens in the October B. E.
The teachers in the Binghamton, N. Y., schools secure excellent written work in all subjects as is shown by the above specimen written
by Franklin Keyes in a high school civics class. Miss Elizabeth Landon is directing the handwriting. Let us see what your pupils are
doing.
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Emily eats eggs every evening. O'Connel's office offers opportunities. Zeno Zaro zeroed Zephaniah Zwingli.
The top specimen was written by Florence W. Leppig, 5-A pupil Washington School, Bakersfield, Calif. The lower speci-
1 was written by Lottie Kuhs, $-A pupil in the same school. Mif Neva Fessenden, supervisor.
2
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ANSWERS
About 2000 B. C.
Penmanship Theory for Young Penmen Thick
Black. blue, red, violet.
Covering Several Phases of the Theory of Penmanship Which Brush or reed.
nown and Understood by All Students of Penmanship. China.
By WILLIAM L. CRANDALL, (B) INK TEST SET 2.
Assistant Headmaster and Director of Penmanship at
Saint James School, Faribault, Minnesota. What country made Chinese ink famous?
What famous Englishman was one of the
firstto study ink ?
The purpose of these questions is, briefly as possible. About five ques- what great French ink maker lived about
1800 A. D.?
as the suggests, to acquaint the
title tions are as much as time will permit What three things did the Englishman say
young student of penmanship with and as they will be able to grasp and that ink should contain ?
some of the materials which he uses retain at one time. After all the ques- Why did scientists begin to study ink ?
in learning to write and which he tions have been answered I have the ANSWERS
India.
seems to take too much as a matter papers collected and then I answer the William Lewis.
of course. Very few people outside of questions as I wanted them answered. Ribaucourt.
the profession know anything about Some may object to this saying that Logwood, iron, gall.
Fading out of ink.
the history or composition of ink, pa- I should have the students answer (C) INK TEST SET 3
per, pens, or fountain pens; and most them. Possibly they are right, but I What are nut galls?
students have a hard time, unless they find that their answers on unfamiliar Where may gallic acid be found?
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The above number chart was prepared by Raymond Swicrtz. a graduate of the Englewood Business College, Chicago, and a student of
penmanship under John S. Griffith of that institution.
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W. D. LEWER
The above portrait is that of W. D.
Lewer, formerly manager of Cecil's
Business College, Spartanburg, S. C,
naw manager of Bay City, Mich.,
Business College.
After finishing public school work,
Mr. Lewer completed a commercial
course in Mankato Commercial Col-
~ TO lege, Mankato, Minn in which school
,
*"'"-
C E. Wade is a new commercial
teacher in Rider College, Trenton, N.
it, tDfl.COMK to our air. part, anyofl'utoj \.X/ / /X/ ''^' *^' i'^"^ '^ ""-"''• ""•"''•
ni you witS more JumptuoaJ tboir iirotttni|S too luiff .-foor war J.
j>otr.p.
JSa^HS^ in tCc voaftfi an» »-ar«ttfi of
jojourr,
WiCOMS vliKi
(iija. fat fy nons tRaffu-o fo.
cU our riofost vafuts aro injwr. from .Mr. Herbert C Hunt and Miss Marion
' afioptljf of our mountain
iFtTu^t " ~iJH
mines, so from tfic iopt^ of oar foart^ Nicoll have been engaged as new
9^ci iiko oar fiurrouniing lii rr« ana lllr '
ft^flL '
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FAMOUS LETTERS
BY FAMOUS PENMEN
In this series we have some of the most skillful letters ever written
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The above was written by Lyman P. Spencer, youngest of the five sons of Piatt R. Spencer, "Originator and Founder" of Spencerian
Writing. Lyman was considered the most talented and highly skilled of the Spencers. His greatest work was in preparing the New Spen-
cerian Compendium of Penmanship, probably the finest book ever published on the subject.
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RALPH BAKER
Ralph Baker, penmanship teacher in
the Pollock School, New Castle, Penn-
sylvania, was drowned on May 31,
1925, while in bathing.
Mr. Baker attended the Zanerian
College of Penmanship during the
summer 1924 and was a young man
of a fine personality, ability and edu-
cation. The profession has lost a tal-
ented teacher.
MENTAL MEANDERINGS
New Home of National School of Business and Karam Shorthand (Continued from page 17)
The National School of Business, Oklahoma —
days they secure positions and consequently good fellow. He has been a hard-
City, Okla., formerly the National School of are in better circumstances financially to finish working and useful team-mate among
Shorthand, established 1921, has moved to paying for their tuition. In our opinion this
handsome quarters. is the most interesting part of the Business the other men of push in the city.
Mr. A. Karam, Author of the Karam Short- College work. This feature seems to have been Very soon they sensed his mettle, and
hand System and President of the School, overlooked for many years in the field of Com- adopted him as one of them. Of
states that the Karam System is growing and mercial Education.
that the following are the advantages to which "A well equipped school in a wonderful coui'se, he sen-ed his own business
the National School of Business owes its suc- location with the reputation of graduating am thinking he did not
well, too, but I
cess: competent Stenographers and Secretaries. lose anything by the work he has
"The merit of Karam Shorthand and Type- "Getting away from the old method that un-
writing and the success of Karam Writers. less the students remain in school, the institu- done in proving that he was a first
"Well paid and expert faculty which enables tion will have no chance to collect all of the class all-around business man as well
the Institution to graduate competent Steno- tuition. Keeping students at school an un- as a thorough schoolmaster. There is
graphers and Secretaries in the shortest pos- reasonably long time causes them to spend
sible time. most of their money for room and board. In a lesson in Tom Bridges' career for
"Cooperation in securing positions for grad- many instances they leave the school unfin- many another young business school
—
uates often spending as much as SIO to place ished and conclude the College is not the one man. To them I would say: "Don't
one student. they should have attended."
"Proving out the idea, that when students Mr. Karam will be glad to exchange Cata- get pocketed in the sidelines, fellows,
—
erraduated in a very short time sixty to ninety logue with business institutions. get into the game."
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NEWS NOTES
J. Maney, a recent graduate
Joseph
of the Salem, Mass., State Normal
Department of Research in Handwriting
School, is to teach commercial sub- vcy To Determine Finishing Standards
Philadelphia Public Schools.
jects in the B. F. Brown High School,
By H. A. ROUSH
Fitchburg, Mass.
Castle, Pa., Business College. Standards of attainment in any subject should be both reasonable and adequate
the different grades and the
finishing standards.
Aimer J. Snider, who was with the
To set standards arbitrarily is false since it does not take into account the ability of pupils
of various grades or ages or the actual need for the standard required. Neither can these stand-
Albany, N. Y., High School last year, ards be determined by the average attainment of pupils in the different grades, since they would
goes to the Ii-vington, N. J., High vary under different types of teaching and would leave out of consideration the social needs for
the ability in question.
School, and Arnost Sukovaty, last
year with the Lincoln, Neb., Business The primary purpose of this survey was to find the quality of handwriting necessary to
meet the social demand. This led to an investigation of the quality of handwriting necessary
College, will take Mr. Snider's place for social correspondence (non-vocational) and vocational purposes.
at Albany.
Survey of the Quality of Handwriting Necessary for Social Correspondence
H. Hudson, last year with the
F. We secured 1,000 specimens of social (non-vocational) correspondence written by adults of
the better-educated middle-class Americans. -The sex and occupation of the writers were noted
Barnesboro, Pa., High School, is to on the back of these specimens. They were then rated on the Ayres Measuring Scale for Hand-
have charge of the Commercial De- writing (Gettysburg Edition), in steps of 5. The specimens were obtained as follows:
partment of the Hammonton, N. J., 250 specimens clipped from their social correspondence by students of the classes of Sur-
High School. veys and Measurements, University of Pennsylvania.
250 specimens clipped from their social correspondence by students of the classes of Sur-
R. H. Johnson, for many years com- veys and Measurements, Temple University.
mercial teacher in the South High 250 specimens clipped from their social correspondence by adva students in Handwrit-
ing. Philadelphia Normal School.
School, Omaha, has become associated
250 specimens clipped from their social correspondence by o Supervisors of Handwriting,
with the American College of Omaha.
Five judges were selected from each of the above-mentioned urces to rate the 1,000 speci-
mens on the Ayres Handwriting Scale. Each paper, therefore, w rated twenty different times
L. E. Young of Trenton, N. J., a i
is
and the average score was listed on the specimen. Finally, the ccupational, sex, and general
new teacher in Brown's Business Col- averages were determined and tabulated.
lege, Galesburg, 111.
TABLE I
Miss Irma Brand, a recent graduate Distribution by Vocations of the Writer of the 1.000 Spi of Social Corresponde
of the Whitewater, Wis., State Nor- 1. Business workers Engineers
mal School, is to teach commercial 2. Soldiers Clergymen
3. Educational workers Lawyers
subjects in the Stewartville, Minn., 4. Artists Clubwomen
High School. 5. Homemakers Laborers
6. Housekeepers Society women
Miss Anna M. Dostal is a new teacher 7. Students Authors and journalists
in the Brockton, Mass., High School. S. Nurses Librarians
9. Physicians Seamstresses and dressmakei
Miss Marcella Powers is to be an as- Mechanics
Sailors
sistant in the Commercial Department Telephone operators
of the Rockville, Conn., High School. Chemists Miscellaneous
Architects Unclassified and leisure
Miss Julia F. Rands is to be in the De- Social workers
partment of Secretarial Science in the It will be seenfrom Table I that the writers of the specimens of social correspondence
State College of Washington, Pull- cover a wide range of vocations.
man. Group 1 includes clerks, stenographers, bookkeepers, accountants, merchants, business man-
agers, etc. Under Group 3 will be found elementary, high school and university teachers, super-
Miss Ruth E. Ringquist, recently com- intendents, principals and others interested in educational work. Group 7 includes students in
mercial teacher in the High School at normal schools, colleges and universities. In Group 16 have been placed those engaged in the
engineering profession such as civil engineers, electrical engineers, etc. Group 28 includes
Princess Anne, Md., will teach the :
a manicurist, a
one specimerv from each of many occupations as, a motion picture actress,
;
coming year in the Dover, N. J., High baker, a radio operator, etc. Those for whom no occupation was reported and iieople of leisure
School. were classified under Group 29.
//^. a c /•
Strong, practical bu iting for advanced students by John S. Griffith of the Englcwood Bu College, Chicago.
^^Jf^uJ/n^^i^yifu^a^ ^ 23
TABLE II
6.
7.
Housekeepers
Students
1
4
1111111
3 10 10 23 22
4 18 26 27 29 19 14
14 10 9 2
6
8
9
2
5
1
1
115
7
162
47.2
51.4
48.9
Miss Helen C. Gooch, last year teacher
of shorthand in the Rochester, N. H.,
8. Nurses
Physicians
164476231 34 44.1 Hio-h School,
year in the
is to teach
High School
the coming
at Bridge-
9. _ 2 5 10 10 4 3 4 1 1 1 1 42 35.9
10.
11.
12.
Farmers
Milliners
Musicians
Ill
3
2
11 2
1112
6
3
4 4 1
10
3
22
37.8
3.99
44.9
port, Conn.
4 2 2
3
4
8
38.0
43.7
41.6
in the Ellenville, N. Y., High School.
1113 11
2 5 44.6
24. Seamstresses & dressmkrs 12 5 46.8 field, Mass has been elected to teach
,
^^^U^'/l^^^^/iU^l/h^ ^ 25
as the writing of business letters, an- tory, when the plate was passed, he kinder and more thoughtful. There
nouncements and advertisements. Con- stole two dollars. will come to you a new realization
spicuous among these is Clearness. Courtesy is another important fac- of what it means to make a smile
No letter or advertisement can be tor you could touch upon quite often grow where perhaps a grouch grew
called complete unless it is clear to without wasting any time thought or before.
the man at the other end of the bar- energy. Some times as I look around Out on Bryn Mawr campus in Phila-
gain. No letter or advertisement will I get the impression that courtesy in delphia there is a sun dial erected to
ever be effective unless it is couched its largest and finest sense has been the memory of a young woman who is
in language plain enough for almost more or less forgotten. We are liv- now traveling the long, long trail. On
any boy to comprehend. ing in an age of the smart and flip- its face may be found these significant
Then there is simplicity which is the pant. We are indulging so much loose words — "I mark only the sunny
very thing I have been advocating in talk publicly that very often we err hours". Wouldn't it be wonderful to
penmanship. Lincoln summarized the and stumble privately. The more you liave it said of us that he or she makes
necessity for simple words and sen- can do to reduce such errors the more the sunny hours ?
—
tences when he said "Write so the chance there will be for all of us to So as I conclude with a friendly
simplest can und?rstand and the win a larger measure of respect and plea for a little more sunshine in all
others cannot misunderstand. confidence. of your contacts I must pause long
Brevity could also be appropriately Finally, I urge you to fall in love enough to remind you of your great
emphasized. Too many men today are with people, and then try to inspire influence for weal or woe. A charm-
lacking in terminal facilities. On the your friends and students to do like- ing little lad went out in the snow one
other hand, some go to the extreme wise. Mark Twain told us at one Sunday morning and after putting his
time that there was nothing as funny feet in some tracks made by his father
in practicing brevity with the result
that they become curt or inexpressive. as people. To me there is nothing so turned to the latter and said "Look, —
The best illustration of the value of interesting. daddy I's walking in your footsteps."
Edna Ferber in "So Big" states the His daddy raised his hand to his head
brief speech reckoned in dollars is
—
and said "My God, where are my
given by Mary Twain. His story was
that after listening for five minutes
whole thing in
—a very fascinating way
when she says "Living is one grand footsteps leading my boy?
to the preacher telling of the heathen, adventure. The more kinds of people Well might you and I ask ourselves
he wept, and was going to contribute you see, the more things you do, and a similar question every day Where —
fifty dollars; after ten minutes of the the more things that happen to you, are my footsteps leading my boy, my
sermon, he reduced the amount of his the richer you are." friend, my fellow worker? I doubt
prospective contribution to twenty- As you become more familiar with not but that you can look the world
five dollars and after half an hour of the ideas, ideals and ambitions of squarely in the face and answer such
eloquence he cut the sum to five dol- other folks there will dawTi upon you a question to the satisfaction of every-
lars. At the end of an hour of ora- with a new glory the value of being body.
-^ ^- ( / y. -/P'
y\ V ^ /./^ ./
%.
J -^
/ /
/, .
^- , - / ' / /
m
- / '
/. " /
' -
c/^, ,
This beautit i\ letter is from the pen of A. D. Tay lo who was one of Ameri ca's most skillful penmen.
m
26 f^J^U^'/i^iU/<^^^^[Ua^ ^
Signatures of Penmen and Teachers of Penmanship
ntain plain and fancy signa-
This signature is certainly a beauty. Notice the sharp ha A good friend of ours and of the profession. He attended the
lines, the grace and the beauty. Todd, as most people kno Zanerian years ago. Today he is conducting a very prosperous
hails from Salt Lake City, Utah. school in Reading, Pa.
Mr. Oliver Klee, a recent graduate Pitman Journal of Mexico is the Miss Marjorie Helen French, recently
of the School of Commerce of the title of a twelve page magazine de- commercial teacher in the Perth Am-
State University of Ohio, has accepted voted to Shorthand, Typewriting and boy, N. J., High School, has accepted
a position as Instructor in the Depart- Commercial Education in Mexico. It a position to teach the coming year in
ment of Business Administration, The is published by Mr. A. C. Henderson the Hibbing, Minn., High School.
Tome School for Boys, Port Deposit, who is very active as a commercial
Maryland. Dr. Walter P. Steinhaeuser educator in his country. Mr. Harry Brownfield, for the last few
is Director of the department. years commercial teacher in the
Those interested in the progress of
Uniontown, Pa., Hig-h School, is to
commercial education in Mexico can
TAKE ANOTHER TRACK teach this year in the Brownsville,
secure a copy of this magazine from
the Pitman Institute of Mexico, Pa., High School.
When you suspect you're going wrong,
Or lack the strength to move along
Apartado 1340, Mexico, D. F.
Mr. B. F. Best, now teaching at
With placid poise among your peers Temple University, Philadelphia, has
Because of haunting doubts or fears; recently been elected to head the com-
It's time for you to shift your pack,
The International Falls, Minn., High
School has engaged Miss Mary Alme- mercial work in the West Chester, Pa.,
And steer upon another track! High School.
ter as commercial teacher.
When wind and waves assail your ship Leonard H. Tinker, last year with the Miss Harriet Schwenker of Lincoln,
And anchors from the bottom slip; Charlotte Hall, Md., Military School, Neb., is a new teacher of shorthand
When clouds of mist obscure your sun is tobe with the East Liverpool, Ohio, and typewriting in the Kansas State
And foaming waters madly run; Hieh School. Teachers College, Hays.
It's time for you to change your plan
And make a port while yet you can!
District
&
J. A. Elston,
Manager, National Accident
Health Insurance Co., Sharon, Pa.
tf^
From E. F. Richardson, Buffalo. Ky.
^ ^^Jr^uJ//t^^d^i((^ru^i/h^
Mr. Rodney P. Wing of Cedar Rapids,
Iowa, has accepted a position as head
of the Commercial Department of the
Morse Business College, Hartford,
[)esiohs Conn.
Miss Lola F. Ridgeway of Morris-
town, Minn., is a new commercial
teacher in the High School at Thief
DECORATIVEt River Falls, Minn.
IMiss Edna A. Magnuson, a member
of this year's graduating class of Bay
AND ILLUSTI^ATIVE Path Institute, Springfield, Mass., has
been engaged to teach commercial
work the coming year in the Sunapee,
N. H., High School.
polyposes. Mr. A. A. Kamrath of the South Da-
kota School of Business at Water- '
School.
Mr. Wallace W. Bitters, last year
PRICES head of the Commercial Department
HE of Charleroi, Pa High School, will
,
The Bryant & Stratton College, Providence, (Harry Loeb Jacobs, Presi- er in the Fond du Lac, Wis., High
dent; also President of the Eastern Commercial Teacher's Association) School.
has the State right to grant Degrees. Mr. Jacobs buys his Sheepskin Miss Margaret R. Hoke is a new
and Parchment Diplomas from us. teacher of accounting in Skidmore
(iUid tu siiiil siniijilia (iml jirircf; if i/nii wisli them. College, Saratoga Springs, N. Y.
Miss Ruth Irmiger, recently a com-
Martin Diploma Company Boston mercial teacher in the Oshkosh, Wis.,
High School, has been elected for
similar work in the Perth Amboy, N.
J., High School.
ENGROSSERS SUPPLIES ARTHUR P. MY ERS
c r.oUl. Silv minum Tablets, Sheepskin. Vellu Leather liindinRS for Albums, Kin e Art EnKi-osBcr of RcBoUllions Testi-
)ks on EnKro 1(1 IlhiminatinK bouKht and sold, Dials. memorials. diploma? Certificates.
Resolutions. •iiils. Dij.lnmH.s. Certificates cnitt ed and Illuminated. Send for Ch irters. Book
Plates. Hono Roll ,. Title
Price List. PaKes and Coat of Arms. Elejrant desipns for
THE HARRIS STUDIO
EnKrossors, Illuminators and DcsiK
Me norial Tablets. Tombs.
wa e. Fine Jewelry, etc.
Mon umcnts Silver-
Send copy for esti-
'""
1403-4 Maniucltc Bide. CHICAGO. ILLINOIS. ARTHUR P. MYERS Art at Pen man
963 E. Market St. YORK, PA.
^ f^J3BuJ//^^^^^/iu^l^^
(LhclFoot-p.itl) Co paicc
€5
h.
LEARN DIPLOMA-ENGROSSING
^
teacher in the Steubenville, Ohio, High
School.
mental Course includes Lettering and Script.
Send 25c for a dozen cards written in assorted
styles.
312 S. Lorraine
A. L. HICKMAN,
WICHITA. KANS.
tution, on the effective style of writ-
ing in which he is addressing the
catalogs.
ornamental writing. The thin stem which is so desirable cannot be made suc- ?1.00. For your Scrapbook Flourish on Canary
:
2c U. S. stamps.
A PROFITABLE VOCATION
Learn to lette.' I'li.e Tickets anil Shew Cards. It is easy do RAPID, CLEAN CUT LET-
I.,
TERING with our imiirovd Uttering Pens. MANY .STUDKNTS ARE ENABLED TO CON-
TINUE THEIR STUDIES THROU(;H THE COMPENSATION RECEIVED BY LETTERING
PRICE TICKETS AND SHOW CARDS. KOK THE SMALLER MERCHANT. OUTSIDE OF
SCHOOL HOURS. Practical lettering outfit consisting of 3 Marking and 3 Shading Pons, 1
color of Lettering Ink. sample Show Card in colors, instructions, figures and al|ihabets
nrenaid $100.- PRACTICAL
— COMPENDIUM OF COMMERCIAL PEN LETTER-
ING AND DESIGNS 100 Pages Xxll. contain-
ing 122 i,latps of Commercial Pen alphabets LEARN AT HOME DURINtJ SPARE TIME
finished Show Cards in colors, etc.— a complete
Write for book, "How to Hecomc a Good Pen-
instructor for the Marking and Shading Pen,
man," and l>eautiful specimens. Free. Your
prepaid. One Dollar. name on card ifyou enclose stamp. P. W.
The Newton Automatic Shading Pen Company Dopt. B PONTIAC, MICH., U. S. A. TAMBLYN, 406 Ridge Bldg., Kansas City, Mo.
f^i^f^^Uii/n^^£'^/!fu^i^^ ^
ve been engaged for these high -school Perth Amboy. N. J. (three
HIGH GRADE season) Al-
: bany. N. Y. (two this sca-
and for the McCann School
SINCE JULY
DIPLOMASan- York City.
TeSdinI- P^a!
Cataloff
ROCKLAND, MAINE.
i)f
OUR ILLUSTRATED CATALOG
fine penmanship supplies and publications
WE SPEt lALIZE
Commercial
ship Teachers.
and
in
.Send your
placing
Penman-
will be sent you free for the asking. You
application in now. Registration
should see ours before buying elsewhere. FREE.
Home Study —Free Tuition THE ZANER-BLOSER CO. The Commercial Service Agency
Hiph School. Normal. Business. Law. Ci Columbus, Ohio. p. (). Box 618 ST. LOUIS. MO.
Service. Enpineering, Drawing:. Dome^
Science. Salesmansiiip and ColleBiate cour
thoroug-hly taught by maih Typewriting cou
TEACHERS' AGENCY
ALBERT
free of tuition.
Apply, Carnegie College, Roger Ohii
25 E. Jackson Blvd., Chicago
We need at times many well
INTERESTED in purcha.<^e
Fortieth year.
COMMERCIAL BRANCHES.
Manager looks after this work.
all
Salaries pood. In
Write for informat
of small business school Eastern
Coast States.
OTHER OFFICES:
437 F;flh Av Bldg.. Denver Peyton Bldg., Spokane
Address Box 57.5, care
THE BUSINESS EDUCATOR,
Columbus, Ohio. LARGEST TEACHER PLACEMENT WORK IN THE U. S.
Under One Management— Direction of E. E. Olp. 28 E. Jackson Blvd.. Chicago.
ENGROSSER
with tion
would consider connec-
established studio, or partner-
FISKTEACHERS AGENCY, 28 E. Jackson Blvd, Chicago. Allilated olficers in principal cities.
ship. All-around man of exceptional ability. NATIONAL TEACHERS AGENCY, Southern Bldg., Washington; Security Bldg., Evenston, III.
Eighteen years' experience. AMERICAN COLLEGE BUREAU, Chicago Temple, Chicago; 1254 Amsterdam Ave., NewYoik.
Box 576, care THE BUSINESS EDUCATOR,
Columbus, Ohio. EDUCATION SERVICE, 1254 Amsterdam Ave., New York; 19 South laSalle Street, Chicago.
BLANK CARDS— Lodge emblem, comic, kid CO-OPERATIVE INSTRUCTORS' ASS'N, 41 Cole Bldg., MARION, IND.
finish, linen, These cards are the
tinted, etc.
best on the market. Samples. 10 cents.
XMAS CARDS:— Ready by October 1st.
PRINTING FOR PENMEN. A SPECIALTY. Calls For Commercial Teachers From 38 States!
F. N. LAWRENCE. Portland, Indiana.
Our present list of high school and business college open-
"HOW TO SELL"
— ings for commercialmen and women includes calls from
The Money Makers' Magazine "The Main En-
trance to Successful Selling." when
Tells how, Other calls are being received daily
thirty-eight states.
and what to sell. Puts vou in touch with fa.st-
est selling lines and hundreds of reliable manu- and within a few weeks every state will be represented.
—
facturers many of whom require no previous
experience. Famous contributors "brass ; If you want a place now or in September, write for an
tacks" departments interviews with successful
No
;
men and women. Jl.on a year. Special com- enrollment blank today. enrollment fee.
bination price with "The Business Educator"
both for $1.50.
Department
Sample copy free.
HOW TO SELL
B. E., 443 S. Dearborn
CONTINENTAL TEACHERS' AGENCY
Chicago. Illinois
St.,
BOWLING GREEN KENTUCKY
MANAGER WANTED— An experi-
enced, wide awake manager and
teacher for a long established and suc-
cessful Business College in a Middle
University of Pittsburgh, Indiana, Pa., State
West city. An attractive proposition Normal, and high schools in Detroit, Des
and permanent connection for the
right man Address Box 574, care Moines, and other good cities, have selected
Business Educator, Columbus, Ohio. our candidates for the present school year.
Emergency vacancies for commercial teachers
FOR RENT are constantly on file. If available, now or
SPACE FOR A BUSINESS COLLEGE later, be sure to notify us.
12300 Sq. Ft.—entire fifth floor of Suffern
BIdg., in heart of Waterloo. Iowa. Steam
Heat. Elevator Service. Was Business Col-
lege location for 12 years until recently.
cellent location. Reasonable rent.
Ex- THE SPECIALISTS' EDUCATIONAL BUREAU
SUFFERN TRUST CO.
ROBERT A. GRANT, President, Odeon Bldg., St. Louis, Mo.
WATERLOO, IOWA.
—
;:
^^J<3(SuJ//t^i^^'^(/iu^e^^ ^
BOOK REVIEWS Contributions to Education, Volume
One, bv J. Carleton Bell, College of
Our readers are interested in books of merit, the City of New York. Published
Gillott's Pens but especially in books of interest and value
to commercial teachers, including books of
special educational value and books on busi-
by The World Book
Yonkers-on-Hudson, New
Company,
York.
Cloth cover, 364 pages.
The Most Perfect of Pens ness subjects. All such books will be briefly
reviewed in these columns, the object being to
give sufficient descrijition of each to enable To further among teachers the discussion of
our readers to determine its value. educational aims and to promote the scientific
measurement of results in the classroom, the
Freedom Through Right Thinking, by New York Society for the Experimental Study
of Education was organized in 191S. In con-
Lewis C. Strang. Published by the formity with its purposes the Society has un-
Roland Publishing Company, New dertaken to issue from time to time a series
of volumes on Contribution to Education. This
York. Cloth cover, 287 pages. is Volume One.
The contents of this book are as follows: The purpose of the Society is the encour-
Practical Aspects of Metaphysics God as a ; agement of experimental studies in all aspects
Theory and as a Reality Mental Initiative and
;
of education, the awakening of interest in the
Organization Man the Knower of the Truth
; :
experimental method of attack on educational
Dominion Through Individuaity The Problem ;
liroblems, and the dissemination of information
No. 601 E. F. Magnum Quill Pen of Salvation The Real and the Apparent
:
regarding the results of experimental studies."
The Universe We Live In Evolution. Spiritual ; Thirty-two subjects are discussed in this
and Material Correspondences. Consciousness volume, all of which are of interest to teachers
Thought Transference and Sin Clairvoyance :
and students of educational subjects. We men-
Pens stand in the front rank as re-
Gillott's and Phychic Phenomena The Nature and ;
tion a few: Tests for Children of Kindergarten
gards Temper, Elasticity and Durability. Seeming Reality of Evil Sensuality, Supersti-
; Age An Experiment in the Supervision of
:
For more than a decade this series of busi- This is a thorough manual explaining in
Mr. Eugene Lackey of Bulil, Idaho, i.s ness cases and problems has been developing a simple way the creation and presentation of
a new commercial teaclier in the advertising ideas. Illustrated by specific ex-
in the School of Commerce and Administra-
tion of the University of Chicago. In this amples and specially prepared drawings.
Idaho Technical In.stitute at Poca-
volume, ten actual, concrete cases are offered The table of contents includes: The Ad-
tello. as material to be used in the discussion method vertising Spiral The Specific Purposes of Ad- ;
of i>resentation. They cover a wide field vertising The Copy Approach Developing the
: ;
uct to those involved in financing a concern ABC Trade-Marks: Visualizing the Idea;
of
through bond issues. This book will be use- Layouts The Advertisement in Print
;
En- ;
ful to students of business and to instructors graving for the Advertising Man Newspa- ;
f^^^UiU/t^M^^ic/iua/h^ ^ 33
Effective Collection Letters, by Tre- Economic Geography, Volume I, by Purchasing Principles and Practices,
goe and Whyte. Published by the Jones & Whittlesey. Published by by John C. Dinsmore, Ph. B. Pub-
Prentice-Hall Company, New York lished by the Prentice-Hall
The University of Chicago Press. Com-
City, N. Y. pany, New York City, N. Y. Cloth
Over 300 choice dependably successful col- Economic activities are so closely related to cover, 295 pages.
lection letters, picked from ail types of busi- the natural environment that all students of
nesses all over the counti-y. Both wholesale the present-day organisation of society find a The table of contents of this book is as fol-
letters and retail letters. Letters to meet lows Introduction and Sources of Informa-
—
:
ening comments by the authors on each si>e- sented in this voluma has been prepared par-
Success The Ethics of the Profession
: The ;
cific letter. The entire basis of successful col- Mechanics of the Profession Modern Cata- ;
lection letter writing is explained in the text. ticularly for the student of business and for logues and Files Relation to Other Depart- ;
One of the most practical aids offered collec- the general student who wishes to develop an ments The Function of Specifications Test-
: :
tion men in recent years. Includes exchange appreciation of the modern world. It covers
ing of Materials Stores Equipment and Func-
;
the several elements of the natural environ- Budget Control of Purchases by Detailed Esti-
Developing Sales Personality, by —
ment climate, natural vegetation, land forms, mates Problems in Purchasing Lumber Pa-
:
Elmer E. Ferris. Published by the size, shape, and location of areas— as they
try; Purchasing Automobile Tires Textile :
Prentice-Hall Company, New York affect human life, and especially economic life.
Purchasing Difficult The Purchase of Adver-
tising Problems in Copper and Brass Pur-
;
:
City, N. Y. The basic organization of this book is new chase of Machinei-y and Mine Equipment Coal
:
in economic geography. Each chapter is in for Steam or Heating Coal Analysis a Guide
;
Written primarily for busy salesmen and itself a world-wide survey of a single environ-
;
of elements. The treatment is threefold, in- Chicago Elevated Stores Department Salvage
whose duties bring them into contact with volving exercises, textual materials, and illus-
: ;
trations. The manner of their use is un-'que ing Nostrums and Fancy Names Practical
The principles and programs outlined in in that each topic is approached through study
; ;
this book have been thoroughly tested in the Problems for Solution.
exercises.
field by the author, who was a successful sales-
man and sales manager for sixteen years be- Suggestions to teachers point out w-ays of
fore becoming Professor of Salesmanship at presenting the material. In mimeograph and Miss Hazel Trussel has been engaged
New York University. "Sales Personality" reprint form, the book has been tested over a to teach commercial work in the
closes many a sale. This book tells how to period of ten years in classes at the University
develop that quality. of Chicago. Emmetsburg, Iowa, High School.
DETECTION OF FORGERY. A treatise on the Establishment of Facts in HAVE YOU SEEN THE
Questioned Handwritinsr and Typewriting:, by Wm. Abel Weaver, Dallas,
Texas. Paper backed, 34 pages. (1925). JOURNAL OF COMMERCIAL
This offering of thirty-one pages of reading matter, of which one is the table EDUCATION?
of contents and five others are not more than half filled, is scarcely of suf- (formerly the Stenographer &
ficient extent to be called a book. It has no illustrations except the author's Phonographic World)
portrait on the first page. On these few pages thirty subjects are discussed,
A monthly magazine covering all depart-
ments of Commercial Education.
many of which would require most of the pages of the pamphlet if they were Strong departments presided over by well-
treated in a thorouo-h manner, yet the advertisement says: "Study this book, known teachers for those who teach any
branch of commercial education, including
become a real expert. In my book I tell you how to establish the facts in any business administration, accountancy, and
case." court reporting.
One who is familiar with the literature of disputed documents will recognize THE ONLY MAGAZINE OF ITS
at once the striking similarity in the ideas and language in this pamphlet and KIND PUBLISHED
Sinfile copy 15c. Annual subscription $1.50
portions of discussions of th" same subjects in ''Questioned Documents", a book Send for Sample Copy.
of 525 pages, by Albert S. Osborn, published in 1010.
JOURNAL OF COMMERCIAL EDUCATION
A few interesting quotations from the two publications, both copyrighted,
44 N. 4th St PHILADELPHIA. PA.
are here shown in parallel columns:
"A lawyer shou'd know at least enough of "He should at least know enough of the
the study of questioned documents to be able study of questioned documents to enable him
to determine with promptness and certainty to determine how far the investigation should
how far su-^h a subject of inquiry should be
carried." Osborn, p. XIX.
"Errors in the identification of handwrit-
ing are perhaps most frequently made by mis-
be carried." Weaver, p. 3.
HIGGINS' i.sfied.
Name
Address
W.ANTED: High class men and women
our publications to dealer, salary and expenses to
to sell
^ .^J^uUn^iU^^^/iu^i/^ ^ 35
NOTICE ! !
Helpful Handwriting Devices
It is a pleasure to inform those who are interested in the
improvement of their penmanship, that 1 am in position to
receive a few more stuJents in this pleasing and useful ac-
complishment, which in its various modifications are peculiar-
ly adapted to ladies, gentlemen, scholars, men of business,
children, unskilled and professional penmen. Read Mr. Gilbert's Letter Below.
LESSONS BY MAIL
State Normal School,
Zanerian Method Arm Movement Writing Taught Mansfield, Pennsylvania.
Try a course of twelve lessons n business writing, orna- C. S. Gilbert,
lentai penmanship, or Engraver Script. and receive prac-
ical instruction on points that ill properly ass"st you in Lecturer Instructor.
lastering these very important anches of education.
Hammonton, New
501 Pleasant St.
NOTE: — Specimens of drawings, plain business writing,
Jersey.
The Zaner-Bloser Co.
ornamental penmanship, and Engraver's Script exe- PENMANSHIP PUBLISHERS,
cuted by students before and after taking these
courses may be seen at my office.
COLUMBUS, OHIO
Watch for advertisement in the October issue of the B. E.
36 f^^^3^uJ//t^^£</iU^l^ ^
PENMANSHIP SUPPLIES
Prices subject to change without notice. Cash should accompany all orders.
All goods go postpaid except those listed to go by express, you to pay express charges. Of
course, when cheaper, goods Hsted to go by express will be sent by parcel post, if you pay
charges.
PENS PAPERS
Zanerian Fine Writer Pen No. 1. Zanerian 5 lb Paper (wide and narrow rule)
gr $1.75 U gr $ .50 1 doz $ .20 1 pkg. of 240 sheets by express $1.50
Zanerian Ideal Pen No. 2, Zanerian Medial
Zanerian 6 lb Paper (wide and narrow rule)
Pen No. 3, Zanerian .Standard Pen No. 4,
1 pkg. of 240 sheets by express $2.00
Zanerian Falcon Pen No. 5, Zanerian Busi-
ness Pen No. 6. Zanerian 7 lb Paper (wide rule)
gr % gr 1 doz 1 pkg. of 240 sheets by express $2.25
$1.25 $ .40 $ .15
Special prices in quantities. We also handle Zanerian Azure (Blue) Paper:
Gillott's, Hunt's, Spencerian and Esterbrook's 1 pkg. of 240 sheets by express $2.00
pens. Write for prices. Zaner Method No. 9 Paper (fs in. rule, SxlO'/z)
Broad Pointed Lettering Pens. 1 pkg. of 500 sheets, not prepaid $ .85
Complete set (12 pens) $0.35 100 sheets by mail postpaid 50
doz. single pointed pens 15 Zaner Method No. 15 Paper (% in. rule,
doz. double pointed pens 30 8x10 '/i):
doz. single pointed, any No 25 1 pkg. of 500 sheets, not prepaid $1.50
doz. double pointed, any No 60
j |
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jj l
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rt^-tK'- ,vA .rtA -.t> .It, . ..l^ iiK\ ...t1>..iit\ ^i<>..-rt\ .^If^-tftk .^t. fti. <ift,.<T^, ^iifr,,<tt.. ..tfr.,<tt.. .itl..tfr.. ^<flwift>- -<fi..<lf.. .^n, iTi.. ..rrwftt. .,t>. .ft... -ft. ^..
mWM OCTOBER,
lUHr^lllllll^1i VOL. XXXI 1925 NUMBER 2
iii/'i;::ii^7'!//i!i'''iir^Hl,r//iK;';';i:i!.;''ii^/i|i'i///'ii-':;'/^li;^
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ET
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'/'. 1 11 1 !"l II IIHIJI I Ml] Ml 1 1 II 1 1 1 I I llH'-'-,l|lll I
T M\ \ ] \\^\
Entered at Post 0ffiC2.,Columbus.0hio as second class matter.
Illll>-^\\'"llll n II////IIIIIIIIIIINM4IIIIIMIIIINH Illllllff'lllll lillTll^
^^J^uJ//i^^<^^/iu^i^r^ ^
A WorXdi^ide Triumph
houses, large and small, and helps the operator to turn out
business schools everywhere good work. The writing ma-
agree that this NewRemington chine which combines all of
is the greatest value among these qualities is the natural
standard writing machines. preference of school teachers
and students wherever type-
Leading business educators writing is taught.
REMINGTON
Standard Since the Invention of the Writing Machine
^ f^^^uJ/ii^U'^^i^iU^i^r' ^
AN ALL-ROUND BUSINESS TRAINING IN THE
CLASS ROOM FOR BUSINESS SCHOOLS
For Free-hand Writing
ll. i
H The elastic action and fine,
smooth point of Esterbrook's
No. 453 make this pen a favor-
ite in many schools and com-
mercial colleges.
Each Esterbrook pen is a fine
steel instrument, delicately
fashioned and adjusted to ful-
fil one purpose: to help make
ditions.
See It
This system transfers to the class roi
The student fills positions
BUYER
SALES MANAGER
AND
GENERAL MANAGER
Free Agents,
A
plishes result
Send for our
to
Price List
Bookkeeping- System:
your courses.
and Examination
The technique accom-
Copies of our
p Always a FRESH
ELLISPUBLISHINGCOMPANY
Educational Publishers.
Battle Creek MICHIGAN
New Edition
Metropolitan By U. G. Potter
Metropolitan Sr^''""
McKinley High School ^^ ^ ^heaffer
Business Chicago
System of
Speller Bookkeeping
Over 6000 words. New lessons containing words pertaining You Will Like It. The text emphasizes the thought side o£
to Aeroplanes, Radio, Automobiles, etc. Complete Index, 244 the subject. It stimulates and encourages the reasoning pow-
pages, attractive binding, 50 cents. er of the pupil. Pupils acquire a knowledge of the subject as
well as facility in the making of entries. It is a thoroughly
A Superior Speller seasoned, therefore accurate, text supported by complete
Teachers' Reference Books, and Teachers' Manual.
Twofold Design. In the preparation of the Metropolitan
Business Speller we had constantly in mind two objects: Parts I and II text is an elementary course suitable for
first, to teach the pupil to spell, and second to enlarge his any school in which the subject is taught. Two semesters
vocabulary, especially of words in general use. are required in High Schools and a correspondingly shorter
Classification of Words. As an aid to the memory we have time in more intensified courses.
classified words, as regards sounds, syllabication, accents and
We have grouped the words relating to each par- Parts III and IV text is suitable for an advanced course
ticular kind of bu into lessons, by which the student is following any modern elementary text. We make the state-
enabled to famili: ?:e himself with the vocabulary of that ment without hesitation, that this is the most teachable,
business. We ha interspersed miscellaneous exercises in most up-to-date, and strongest text published for advanced
the nature of We have grouped words that can best bookkeeping and elementary accounting use.
be learned by comparisons such as Stationery and Stationary,
Corporation-Mfg. -Voucher unit is bound in heavy paper
Abbreviations of states months, railways and commercial covers and contains all of Part IV. It is a complete course
terms are given in regular lesson form, and grouped alpha- in Corporation accounting including instructions, set of
betically. We regard abbreviating of almost equal impor- transactions, exercises, problems, etc. It is without doubt
tance with spelling. the best text for this part of your accounting course. List
Syllabication and pronunciation are shown by the proper prices, Text. 120 pages, 40 cents. Supplies, including Blank
division of words, and the use of the diacritical marks. The Books and Papers. 95 cents.
words are printed in bold type, and the definitions in lighter
face, so as to bring out the appearance of the word, —
an aid
EXAMINATION COPIES will be submitted upon request.
in sight spelling.
Six
GREGG SCHOOL
North Michigan Avenue Chicago, IlHnois
BUSINESS MEN prefer this penholder be- GIRLS AND BOYS in school like to write
cause every hand; keeps ink off
it fits with this penholder because it fits tlie hand
fingers, encourages restful position of hand and keeps the thumb and first finger in the
right position.
in writing. If you give this penholder a
week's trial on your desk, you will prefer
TEACHERS with pupils in their classes
who do not like to practice handwriting
it to all others. Send for your sample should provide them with a Zaner & Bloser
today. Penholder and watch the results.
All Prepaid.
SEND ORDERS TO 5
THE ZANER & BLOSER COMPANY, COLUMBUS, OHIO
^ ^!^^r3^ud/n^U^^;^iua^
Certificates won by
the pupils of the he may be a little higher than some- !(%'1k tv.r^ tfc annointin., of .-^iV ^J«.
Minneapolis, Minn., Business College, one else. You may need his patron- '*»
afr oni .-o^c. an* ranC of PfrtE,
under the instruction of J. A. Buell. age, friendship, or help sometime. foifj fiin,^.
1913-14 103 1921-22 138 CEEDS. iC»> iari .'^ not' Ik«j> sifont oF 1".^ sin:
1914-15 Meadows
President of ,^ftjtiaft»r^«>om m'aif ITcr f.-fG rin^ tl3'a«.
66 1922-23 156 (Mr. is '
1915-16 48 1923-24 216 Draugnon's Business College, Schreve- .^ r.v, on. Vfomon vHE a Kofi, j^r*.
1924-25 224 port. La.)
rovjTJ as pnMt^s of n-.^M Cousj,
, Sl^fiom^
^iJf stpm^ TP. woniorin.^ aw* pofor* mi; FaRv
^di^iRij r.fu(ro'm« to a noOir C,f<
Creator of men's destinies, am I. I am the emancipator of woman- 3» Uy a faitKfuT fnir.i.-6p -itE n".:, fHoni
hood. I sit in King's palaces and at the table of diplomats. The i'Kom i:^:,a% ^ sor.^* foforc mij^ff
^5* focE mi, fijs too Ss^ to ..-puiir a lie.
wheels of industry move because of me. I open the doors of oppor- ;c)] vo^K imj (rani.* too vfiite +0 touch a fribe:
tunity to those who embrace me. I have given college educations to i^ 0W4 no man a icft^^ cannot pau-
'gixccj* tfc tove tfot m«n .«Eo-ul!> af^aifs o««
aspiring youth. I continue to help those who care to use me. Men
5i«itKar caclT iaif. Cif-re t(w ffisK» Coavcn
have traveled around the world through my efforts. Men who use me
^i,;* otun -vni* tK« cnomfcT of m« ^oul
become great authors, cabinet members and presidents. Wherever i^^^ frau \h.Ci^^iii.^Ms^ to «nt4r in
human speech is recorded I am there. Language is no barrier. I ^Rus rcai.F tfo fiir conf5«ioit of mi, faitp.
know them all and get them as rapidly as human tongue can utter -^o cro^scb vitR contraMction5 bir mi, fitc
,
them. I am everywhere men are civilized. I will be your best friend jfRiot now luaij &i^ J^rarva tf* \orirt«Ti ITc
^t 5tinr ^ (Telp of^m wCo EcrpctC men.
if you will learn to know me. The typewriter is my allay. I AM jj^
,
LESSON TWO
No. 10 — Review the small "o" before commencing to work the"c". This letter gives a great deal of trouble.
Look at it carefully. The down stroke is similar to that in theo, while the ending stroke is the same as in the i or
u. Notice particularly the tick at the top. The best way to master it is to check the motion before commencing the
down stroke.
Try to secure regularity in your movement, neatness in your work and system or order in your arrangement.
—
No. 11 Here are two more letters that are difficult to master. They are both a little taller than the minimum
spaced letters such as a, e, i, etc. The only way to master them isto study the form closely and practice dili-
gently.
In the r the shoulder is most important. Notice how it drops and then changes to the usual slant. Do not
attempt to make it to two counts. It is better to count 1-2-3.
The initial stroke in s should be well curved. The top is a point, and should be about one-fourth higher than
"i". The down stroke is a compound curve, ending in a dot which should always touch the up-stroke.
No one ever became a good penman who slighted proper movement and proper position. See to it that you are
not doing it. It may be that some little fault in penholding or movement is the reason for your not progressing.
—
No. 12 In these two letters you will find a modification of the right oval. Notice the round tops and pointed
bottoms. Try to use your very best movement in these, and to secure control make them in columns, keeping the
letters exactly under "the one above. Do not sacrifice the speed to do this, but just see to it that your brain makes
those muscles in your hand and arm do it. To succeed there must be control of mind over muscle. You cannot
make good forms if you don't think good form continually.
—
No. 13 You ought to be able to apply your movement to the writing of words by this time. Here are some
good ones containing the letter-forms you have learned. Do not think you have done enough practice if you make
one page of each. Make 5 or 6 pages of each, using good movement, and speed. Watch your spacing, and strive
for neatness and accuracy.
^Z^--7^/'Z'€:i^'-ri^'iyt^^^'7^l^'d,'C^
No. 14 —
Here is a real test of your skill. Review the connected letter exercises, page 10, in the September is-
sue. Swing at these combinations. Think that you can do them, and you will be surprised at the excellent results
obtained. Remember you cannot reproduce on paper what you haven't already in your head. So procure a mental
picture of each one, and then strike out boldly. I hope to see a reproduction of some of these in the Students Page in
the near future.
^ .^J3Bu^'/t^^£^^iu^i/f/- ^
—
No. 15 Here we have the right oval in all its phases. There is plenty of work in this plate to keep you busy
for some time. Practice each one until you can turn out a clean-cut copy. Count as you did for the left or direct
oval. Exercises like these enable you to take stock of your movement and position. Make them at times without
ink, and watch to see if your thumb moves, and if you have acquired to the fullest extent the exact position of
paper, pen and body. Failure, at this time, in any one of these, may mean ultimate failure to become a good
writer. , j.^.i»I
m O90 "'mM
—
No. 16 The right oval leads directly to capital N. Notice how far the initial loop comes down, also the narrow
loop toucliing the base line. This particular form is more easily made than any other kind of N
because you do
not have to stop at the base line. Swing boldly at them, using good movement, and you will be astonished how well
you can make them. Notice very carefully the size of each loop, and the width of the letter; also the comparative
height of the two parts. The second is about three-quarters as high as the first. Count 1-2-.3. Be careful to finish
it just below the base line.
_
No. 17— The M is similar to the N. Notice how the strokes are graded in height. Make about 40 M's per
minute, counting 1-2-3-4 for each letter, and 1 to change. In the words strive for good
movement, speed and ac-
curacy. It IS a good plan to write the first part of the page in columns, thus securing uniformity
and neatness, and
^
^ ^^ ^^^^^ '^^ ^^"^^ ^''""'^' ^"'^ ^^ ^ ^'""^ cannot find improvement in the last over
^e fi^st
Remember, no one can succeed in penmanship unless he is a thinker, and criticises his own work.
^<3
PLATE 19
The little movements found in copies 203-4-5 will be found very helpful in developing the
oval 3, 5 and 2.
Practice these little movements with the rapid arm movement and keep the fingers quiet all the time. The move-
ment should be brought down under such control that these little ovals and loops may be made very small. The
last part of the figure "5" should always be joined to the first part. Make the oval part in these figures quite
round and full. The down stroke in figure "8" should be quite a prominent compound cui-ve. Review all the figures
in copy 207. The commercial abbreviations, fractions, etc., should receive very careful attention. One of the main
things in making these is to get the characters small. Make a light stroke, and use a free, easy and confident
movement.
PLATE 20
In making the capitals "P" and "R" see that the wide part comes to the left of the stem and the small ovals to
the right should be brought quite close to the stem. Roll the arm freely in the sleeve to produce these letters, and
work for smooth lines as well as for good forms. The small oval in capital "P" should be brought down about one-
half height of letter. The small loop in the "R" should also be made one-half height of letter.
PLATE 21
The same general instructions may be applied to the capital "B" as given in the preceding plate, with the excep-
tion of the finishing part of the letter. This letter may be finished with the hook. The different miscellaneous
sentences given will be found an excellent drill for the practical application of movement, and care should be taken
also in getting the forms as good as possible. The movement should not be sacrificed in the least. should have We
a definite aim in all our practical work, and that aim is to get the forms of the letters as good as possible while we
use the pure arm movement.
We can still furnish back numbers containing all of Mr. Mills' lessons. It will pay you to get this complete
course now.
PLATE 19
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3 ^ ^^ ^
^ ^ ^ ^ ^
d IIJI ji, .^_2.^_a--2._z.«>-
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f ^ / jL \J ^ ^ ^
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PLATE 20
^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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PLATE 21
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A^ .J" (^ / iT £^ ^
12
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*^i^c^uJ/u^U/^''<(/iu:a/h^ ^ 13
NEWS NOTES
Mr. E. R. Vinal, for several years
with the Roxbury High School, Bos-
ton, has been made comptroller for the
Whiting Milk Companies, Boston.
Mrs. Pearl M. Brown, last year com-
mercial teacher in the Thetford, Vt.,
Academy, is a new teacher in the
Brighani Academy at Bakersfield, Vt.
Philip E. Bunker, recently with the
Department of Accounting of the Col-
lege of Administration of
Business
Syracuse University, will head the ac-
counting work at the Rhode Island
State College, Kingston, the coming
vear.
Miss Evelyn Joline of Long Branch,
N. Jr, is a new commercial teacher In
the High School at Roselle, N. J.
Miss Gunhild Wennergren of Hy-
annis, Mass., has been elected to teach
commercial work in the Ashland,
Mass High School the coming year.
,
tSZ^^'-^/'^
from the pen of that jovial, skillful penman and teacher. John S. Griffith of the Engl»
^ f^^^u4/n^d^^(/iu^i/^
Teachers and Students are urged to assist in collecting material for this page
Students who are subscribers to the B. E. may secure free criticism when working on the lesson in the B. E. Send return postage.
OCTOBER CONTEST
Send to the contest department of THE BUSINESS EDUCATOR your
signature written in black ink. Be care-
ful,some blue ink is incorrectly labeled black ink. The writing will not be considered unless it is in black ink. Also
include your age, school and grade and the name of your teacher, and city.
This is a chance for a large number to get their names in print. Let us endeavor to get up a page of signa-
tures which will outdo the Penmen and Teachers' Signature Page.
(2) Neat careful wr ting received in the May contest from the Goldberg School, Detroit, Mich. Miss Anita Hallberg:. the
writer of the first si L lines, is a B-6 pupil, and Miss Dessaline Patterson, the writer of the last three lines, is an A-8 pupil.
in Miss Merle Fordhi
..^c'^^^^^i^-iS^cL^.
The above is very fine writing for an eleven ycE Kth gradi- pupil. Mil L. B. Dimond, Syracuse. N. Y., is the teacher.
and C. S. Chambers is the supervisor of writing.
Many other fine specimens were received from M nd's pupils.
^ ^/i^'^u4/n^4/^^^i^iua/^/ 15
^' '^M
'<:L^2^/^Z-^^>^*fe^
/
Notice the free, graceful 2nd and 3rd grade Zaner Method Writing, a result of efficient teach-
ing, careful supervision and large free pencil writing in the 1st and 2nd grades.
The top specimen, in lead pencil, was written by a 2nd grade, seven year old, boy in Lincoln
This large free nd grade writing was School. Monongahela, Pa. The original writing was about two times as large as this repri>-
done by William E in the Friends' School, duction.
Germantown. Pa., s Esther S. Whitacre,
supervisor. The pec len was a third larger The bottom 3rd grade writing was done by Ruth Ewing, Waverly School, Monongahela, Pa.
than this reproduct Miss Minnie E. Knepper is the supervisor.
One of the finest four-line poems received from a junior high school pupil for the May contest. It
13 year old pupil in West Junior High, Sioux City, Iowa. Miss Keefe, teacher. Fern has a frc
black, thick ink specimen above indicates.
A composite specimen written by Miss Martha Young's 4th grade class in Pitcairn, Pa.
Eight pupils took part in writing this specimen as follows:
No. 1, Ruth Mapstone; No. 2. Cecelia Wolfinger; No. 3, Evelyn Cole; No. 4, Feryne Wilson; No. 5, Elizabeth Dzikiy; No. 6,
Kennedy; No. 7, Olive Brodbeck; No. 8, Feryne Wilson.
Miss Jennie Markel who last year supervised the writing in Pitcairn, is now supervisor of wr ing in McKeesport, Pa. During th<
Miss Markel took special work in the Zanerian, where she attained a high degree of skill and as one of the few to win a mud
Zanerian Certificate.
16 ^ f^^^Uii/n^d^^e/iua/h^ ^
TRIBUTE TO
CO.MMERCI-\L EDUCATOR
Penmanship Theory for Young Penmen Friends and former pupils of Inter-
Covering Several Phases of the Theo
nown and Understood by All Students State Commercial College, Reading,
By WILLIAM L. CRANDALL,
Assistant Headmaster and Director of Penmanship at Pa., held a reunion July 4th celebrat-
Saint James School, Faribault, Minnesota. ing the Fortieth Anniversary of that
school. Nearly three hundred grad-
(Continued from September.) ANSWERS
Paper made from linen rags. uates and friends attended the ban-
<A) PAPER TEST SET 1 Paper made from silk rags. quet and reception. Rev. H. Y. Stoner
What was used instead of paper in ancient Paper made from cotton rags.
times? Paper made from wood-pulp. was presented with a beautiful Ma-
What was the first "paper"? Animal substance used for glazing paper.
What is parchment ? hogany Chime Clock The speakers
What is vellum? (C) PAPE RTEST SET 3
paid brief but eloquent tribute to Rev.
How does ink act on paper ? What is pencil paper?
ANSWERS What is ink paper? Stoner who is a Pennsylvania Dutch-
Wood — clay — wax. What
What
is
is
fools-cap paper ?
legal cap paper? man of high ideals and has devoted
Papyrus reed.
Sheep skin.
How is paper water marked? many, many years to the cause of
Calf skin. ANSWERS commercial education. Thousands of
It sinks in.
Rough finished wood-pulp paper.
(B) PAPER TEST SET 2 Smooth finished paper. persons in good, responsible positions
What linen paper? Large paper folded in old style form.
What
is
silk paper? Large paper for court use.
owe their success to the influence of
What
What
is
is
is
cotton paper?
wood-pulp paper?
By wires bent in the form or design desired
and applied to the unfinished paper while it
this sincere, brainy man —a human
What is size? is still moist. hynamo of energy and enthusiasm.
<XJL^UZyty' //^.:^^-i^;^-pVl/.
^dyU-^fn.-tyoJ^'^i:J^-^iU.'n^
^.^Oi^yl4yL4^-
y.-^ty'T^iyCiA^cdyti.^ccy
>?'?T>i--?'tx--
ytoo-'T'-i.^'tyC^.^yn'TyAynuy /7l.(.'ZKyn^^.\.<.<£<£'0<.^
yi:zy.
Miss Fordham uses the B. E. in her penmanship classes in the Goldberg School, Detroit, Mich. Miss Ford-
ham is a very skillful and successful teacher of penmanship.
^ f^J^uUned^^^i^iu^i^r' 17
^ .^^^u>i/neU/<u^i^iu^i^ ^ 19
1 MgMi K^,
the room this is what one boy said
"Mr. Bachtenkircher, I have learned
more from this lesson than any les-
son that I have ever taken." It was
said by a boy that is not enthusiastic
or good in writing.
seventh.
It is a slow
I feel that the thought of
H|H w ^
^i|"
j'ljK i tvr^yHH d^
Mm%m jl z' i i
the boy was reflected by the class. I
do not remember of handling a sen-
tence just in that way, so I say that I
^V '
h 1/4 -If H^-^^H^A ^ H JV'ntfl ' ^'I^^^^^^Jm
FAMOUS LETTERS
BY FAMOUS PENMEN
In this series we ha :ome of the most skillful lettc
/
'7
Wiesehahn was recognized as one of the most skillful penmen of his day. Handsome specimens of his work will
About forty years ago Mr.
most of the old members of the profession. Such men as FlickinKer. Madarasz and others frequently com-
be found in the scraphooks of
mended his work and its charm, beauty and individuality.
for its seeming recklessness in execution
^^Jr^uJ//ieU^£^/iu^i^^ ^
J. A. ELSTON
Mr. Elston was bom in 1876 in the
little town of Aubum, Mo. He re-
ceived his education in the public
schools of Mo., the Christian Univer-
sity and Canton, Mo., Commercial
College. He studied penmanship from
Musselman's Compendium, Bixler's
Physical Training in Penmanship,
Western Penman, Penman's Art Jour-
nal, THE BUSINESS EDUCATOR
and Zanerian Publications. He was
one of the first subscribers to the Pen-
man and Artist which was a forerun-
ner of THE BUSINESS EDUCATOR.
He completed a mail course from G.
Bixler, Wooster, Oliio, and was em-
ployed as assistant teacher of pen-
manship in the Canton Commercial
College, and later taught penmanship
in the Christian University for one
year. He then traveled as a writing
teacher organizing classes in penman-
ship in small towns of Mo and 111.
, (i3vr the tkwsmldot Oil r nail fisail neat:
Mr. Elston is now district manager of
the National Accident and Health In-
surance Company, Sharon, Pa. oftjiortiuutiL
Recently Mr. Elston was awarded a 1
Business Educator Professional Cer-
tificate.
pimiatimv touowAiid'Oiu\(merm€n(is fii'-'
^
their'h^^i'S dadnq the kmncss ii^ar instuose^
ANOTHER GREGG
REGIONAL CONFERENCE
These conferences are becoming
very popular. Hundreds of teachers
recently attended the New York Con-
'f^Mirmod'Ami imjilmus to n'fii gmder
ference held in the Hotel Pennsylvania
to discuss and hear discussed vital effmtui tmrnmincj mar. jfiemak (j^uaiitiij-^
problems in commercial education.
We wish that we had space to re- ot Aimtmeuimlji jor wluck im twum wcome so mde
print some of the fine discussions
which were given. We would suggest ill mo7m. miLmsteadfastuf nmuitcUned.
that shorthand and commercial teach-
ers get in touch with A. A. Bowie, 20
W. 47th St., New York City, N, Y., Two pages of a four page folder sent out by the F. W. Martin Diploma Company during the
for information regarding the next holiday season to create good will. It is one of a series of circulars. This particular one has
meeting. created considerable praise. One advertising company secured the plates and had their own
name inserted in place of the Martin Diploma Company's.
Mr. Joseph Klein, last year head of The Martin Diploma Company has been doing a vei-y fine business for years. One of the rea-
the commercial work of the West sons is that it uses modern methods of advertising. Engi-ossers the same as other business men
Chester, Pa., High School, has been must advertise in order to build up a large and profitable business. Mr. Mai-tin states, "there
engaged for similar work with the are too few engrossers in the field and we should encourage men to try and fit themselves foe
High School at Dunkirk, N. Y. positions or to open offices of their own."
d^ .^J^u^iin^U^i^/![iai/i^ ^
Department of Research in Handwriting Start your pupils on Mr. Bailey's
ng Survey To Determine Finishing Standards for the
Philadelphia Public Schools. lessons. Send that club now.
By H. A. ROUSH
Vocptions
/O ^S XO :^S' ^C 3<r ^o ¥^ S'O J-J- 4o ^S yo y s- r,^ S'S' fo
. Business workers
. Soldiers
Educational workers
. Artists
.
Homemakers
Housekeepers
Students
Nurses
Physicians
. Farmers
, Milliners
Musicians
Chemists
, Architects
. Social workers
. Engineers
Clergymen
Lawyers -
Clubwomen
Laborers
, Society women
. Authors and journalists...-
. Librarians —
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TOTALS
Chart L The horizontal lines indicate the range of the quality scores for each vocation.
The shoit perpendicular strokes on these lines locate the average quality for each vocation.
The totals at the bottom of Table II are presented in graphic form in Chart II.
Milton H. Ross. Salt Lake City. Utah, in good Chill II sho\s Ihnt the tend to distribute themselves in close approximation to
alilios
writing position. Study it and see how nearly LIU- lurve oi normal I n.inenfy- Quality 45 with 164 specimens occupies the pivotal position,
with the niimhcr r>f s|rcimons derreating almost symmetrically from this point to quality 10 on
y«u can imitate it. Without a good position
the one side and quality 90 on the other. At first it might seem that the average quality of
your practice is of little value. 47.1 should be the standard set for social (non-vocational) handwriting, but that this would
^ .^J^uUn£^^/iu:a/fr 23
prove to be too low as a standard for teaching is evident when we consider that one-half of the LEFTHANDED WRITERS
pupils might possibly be below this standard and. therefore, be not up to the social demand.
(The ideal plan would be to have every child reach the standard set. but this does not seem to noticed a recent reference to the
I
be the rule under present teaching conditions and withpupils of varying abilities.) A further question of changing over lefthanded
examination of Chart II will show that almost one-half of the specimens were rated at quality
Furthermore, we
writers.
50 and above, and that 18.6% of the writers wrote at quality 60 and above.
shall attempt to prove by Charts IV and V that people do not write a reasonable and adequate
—
Psychologists differ authorities dif-
standard of handwriting in their social correspondence. fer — —
doctors differ as to the effect
upon the child.
Sex Differences in Handwriting: Realizing that with most objectors
Let us now turn our attention to Table III and Chart III, in which the ratings of the 1.000
it was purely theoretical. I concluded
specimens of social correspondence according to sex are shown and compared:
to play the "I'm from Missouri role".
Chart III below shows the same facts graphically.
I'm going to try to leam the facts.
While in charge of the penmanship
in the Lawrence, Massachusetts public
/:^ma/^
with the parent —
and failed to con-
vince him or her, that it was best for
ro fO, the pupil. In grades above this every
lefthanded pupil was urged to change
Chart Compa of the Average and Sex Ratings of the 1,000 Specimens
III.
of Social Correspondence — Not chiefly because it looked awk-
ward but because it put a needless
It from the above study that women write more accurately than men. This is due,
ident
no doubt, to the fact that women are as a rule more careful and painstaking of their writing
strain upon the eyes —
every time he
than men and more willing to subjugate the thought process to the details which make the writ- wrote, whether spelling, language, his-
ing more accurate. tory, geography or penmanship was
the subject because of the fact that
the light came from the left side of
Mental Judgments as to the Quality of Handwriting Adequate for Social Correspondence
the room and his hand cast a shadow
The eight specimens were clipped from the Ayres Scale (Gettysbury Edition) and the value upon the page, and I think eyes are
cut off of them. They were then shuffled and handed to 100 competent judges to separate into of more importance than penmanship.
two groups: those adequate for social correspondence and those inadequate. These judgments I have 314 signatures which I gath-
were made independently of each other and in nearly all cases the source of the specimens was ered during one month. They are in-
unknown to the judges. Arbitrary marks had previously been placed on the back of each speci- clusive, and prove that just so many
men to indicate its scale quality. The judgments were tabulated and later arranged graphically had changed within eight years Nor —
as illustrated in Charts IV and V which follows: did I find one loony in the entire lot.
Furthermore: I took specimens of
CHART IV the penmanship of lefthanded writers
reading: "This is the best I can write
with my left hand after years
practice." On the same date and sheet
I had each write: "This is the best
I can write with my right hand."
24
f^J^ud/n^d^^e/iua/tpr' ^
traces, turns, angles, loops, slant,
spacing and endings. Legibility and
pleasing appearance are more desir-
Public School Handwriting able than mere mechanical accuracy.
(A Comprehensive Bird's-eye View of Handwriting by a Normal School Teacher.) —
Neatness One of the essential ele-
By E. F. EDEL, Northern Illinois State Teachers' CoUeee, DeKalb, III. ments in all writing is neatness. The
writing can be neat even though the
penmanship is poor. The paper should
be kept clean and free from blots or
Apupil can profitably use writing and can go through the exercise with- erasures.
in all branches of his school work. It out the aid of the teacher. But she Endings —
Care should be taken in
is essential that all such writing be does not stop there. She watches all grades that the beginning and end-
done freely, easily and with good pos- very carefully and gives personal help ings are well formed. That is, the
ture. Ideal posture not only stimu- here and there where it is needed, or initial stroke should swing upward
lates good writing but also insures re- directs other pupils as helpers. She is and forward into the first letter of
laxation of muscles, conservation of not satisfied until every pupil has a the word and the final stroke should
vision and good health. To accom- clear conception of what to do. At swing upward and away from the last
plish these results teachers of all first an onlooker may feel that this letter of the word.
grades must insist that the writing in teacher is wasting time. But she is (To be continued)
the routine school work be done in ac- actually saving time for every day in
cordance with the fundamental prin- the year, because by this painstaking
ciples laid down in penmanship guidance from the start .she is insur- MENTAL MEANDERINGS
classes. ing a good beeinning in all habits that (Continued from page 17)
It is of vital importance that the are to make for good writing. And pie have who have attained to their
writing of one grade connect perfectly the fact that a good beginning is half mortar-board and sheepskin.
with the writing in the next so that
pupils may not waste time and energy
way to accomplishment is just as true I —
think our schools all schools
in handwriting as in anv subject of should do more than most of them do,
at the beginning of each new term. effort. in teaching the youngsters what to
It is therefore essential that the Objectives avoid and what to read in our news-
teacher be familiar not only with the In the teaching of handwriting papers and magazines. The libraries
work of her own particular grade but there ai'e certain objectives to be ac- and reading rooms of many schools
with that of all grades, especially complished. are provided with the best current
those just preceding and following her 1. Creation of an atmosphere for periodicals, but in how many schools,
grade Many teachers who teach good writing. is there any effort made to teach the
other subjects efficiently fail to se- 2. A hygienic position (see topic pupils how to use them ? Not many,
cure satisfactory results in writing be- on position). I fear. In every school from the Fifth
cause they have no definite objective 3. Relaxation of muscles. Grade to the college, there ought to
in mind or any systematic course or 4. Muscular control. be an hour-period each week devoted
plan to follow. 5. A rhvthmic position. (See topic to currnt news, what goes on in the
Too often the training in writing is on rhythm). world each week, is historv and geog-
merely technical. It must be more f). Legibility. raphy and science IN THE MAKING.
than this. It must be according to the 7. Neatness. It js more important to all of us than
principles of the pedagogy and psy- 8. Speed. (See topic on grading). the knowledge of what went on twenty
chology of handwriting. The teacher 9. Endings. >earf or a hundred years ago. The
inust not only be able to write well 10. Light lines. (See topic on grad- Home, the School and the Printing
herself but also be able intelliaently ing). Press are the three great educational
to show others how to write well. She
Creation of an Atmosphere for Good
auencies, and thev ought to WORK
should be a good writer herself be-
—
Writing This depends largely upon TOGETHER.
cause a good copy stimulates interest.
But she must also know her subject the attitude the teacher takes toward
R. S. Collins, penman and world
this subject. In the lower grades she
so thoroughly that she can make the traveler, is off for another European
writing period alive and full of in- may use the short story method to tour. He and Mrs. Collins sailed on
terest. A good writing teacher works
give meaning to the writing lesson.
She may also give the pupils clear August 13 on the S. S. Pittsburgh to
with her pupils. She gives explicit be gone a year or longer and have
ideas of what to do by simple direc-
tlirections and is certain that every
tions, and by good clear demonstra- planned to visit the following' named
child understands these directions countries in the order given: Belgium,
tion.
clearly before she proceeds. She real- France, Spain, Northern Africa, Sicily,
izes that the mind must understand —
Relaxation of Muscles Muscular Italv, Switzerland, Germany, Den-
clearly what is to be done before the freedom must be cultivated bv con- mark, Sweden, Noi-wav, England and
muscles are able to perform the act. centration of thought upon this one Wales.
Therefore, every teacher in the ele- thing. This can be accomplished at
Until August 1, 1926, Mr. Collins'
mentary schools should not only be the beginning of the lesson, by roll-
ing the aiTn on the cushion-like mus- address will be in care of Morgan,
able to write well but be able to teach
cles of the forearm, and by dropping
Harjes & Co 14 Place Vendome,
,
HOW GOOD WRITING special if not undivided attention. Friends, I will take this privilege to
HELPS ENGLISH First, you must write clearly and dis- say
tinctly; second, you must use the same Your future depends upon your pres-
position for all of your writing so that ent day,
Many times in our school life we the writing will all be slanted in one A business training is a good invest-
have witnessed various incidents direction. Third, you must take ment for you.
which although they seem to be such enough interest in your work to look Come for yourself and see that is true.
trifling they are destined to
things up all words that you cannot spell, be-
important
cause misspelled words are very no- The Texas Business College
play a very part in our
ticeable in good writing. Also in good I prefer among all the rest
lives. Often times we are given a writing we must give marked atten- For a month here Ihave spent
copy of someone's handwriting and tion to the thought of sentences and And now I like best.
asked to read it. If the writing is paragraphs. If we do all these things,
poor we read it, but in a situation of thus showing we can produce good Mr. Gatlin is as fine a man
this kind we mistake a word for an writing, how can we but help gaining As ever you can find
altogether different one. If we read better and a more unlimited wealth of He has the experience
writing of this kind very frequently English. Next to health we will not And a well trained mind.
we at last get into the habit of not place wealth; but aim your farthest
pronouncing the words right because arrow to that far and most distant
But unlike most experienced teachers
it seems to take all our time in figur- mark "Better Writing." Mr. Gatlin is very humble and true
ing them out, or mistaking one word Annie B. Taylor, Teacher
His service he is always willing
for another thus not expressing our Beniamin Franklin Junior
To render to you.
thoughts clearly anti also making our High School.
audience absorb English that would New Castle, Pa.
be very distasteful. The old T. B. C.
If we have good legible writing, by Miss Velma Currier, last year com- Has the vim and the pluck
this I do not mean writing that is mercial teacher in the Brainerd, Minn., For nothing in this world
really beautiful to look upon, but Commercial College, has recently ac- Ever gained by luck.
merely writing that can be read with- cepted a position to teach similar work — T. J. Bond.
out straining the eyesight in order to in the Indianola, Neb., High School.
read it, we have accomplished one of Miss Ada B. Cameron, last year Head The above appeared in the Gatlin
the big tasks toward gaining perfect of the Shorthand Department of the
Gun, a folder published monthly by
English. Troy, N. Y., Business College, is to
In order to have good writing there teach shorthand and tvpewritnig in the students of the Texas Business
are three points which must be given the Perth Amboy, N. J.," High School. College, Weatherford, Texas.
Thi.* photonraph does not show all of those who attended the six weeks' Summer School of Penmanship conducted by R. E.
Wiatt in Miss Swope's School. Santa Cruz. California, last summar. There was not room enoucrh on the steps o£ the High
School to accommodate all. and quite a number were standing back in the doorway that the camera could not reach.
Mr. Wiatt is seen on the extreme right and Miss Swope is the lady appearing in front near the middle of the picture.
—
Mr. Wiatt reports that the summer session in Santa Cruz was a success from beginning to end one of the best schools
he ever conducted. Practically every teacher in the session took his work and those who did not take the work would have
done so had there been room for them.
His room accommodated 13(1 and every seat was taken at both general classes, many being turned^ away. He gave two
extra periods gratuitously and they were practically filled, notwithstanding that there were conflicts with other classes.
Mr. Wiatt. as is well knosvn. is a dynamo of enthusiasm in this work. The results he is securing in advancing the cause
of free, rapid handwriting can hardly be estimated. "While his work as Supervisor of Handwriting in the Los Angeles Schools
is probably enough for anyone to undertake in one year, still he finds time to conduct summer sessions in various places on
the Pacific Coast.
26 4^ *^J^U<i^i^d^^(i^iU:xi^^ ^
Signatures of Penmen and Teachers of Penmanship
Send yonr signature written in black ink, or better, a cat of your signature for this page, which will contain plain and fancy signa-
tures of men and women who are devoting their time and efforts to better penmanship.
teacher of penmanship for years in the East- Supervisor of Writing, Tacoma, Wash.,
man College, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. strong teacher of business writing.
Alcnm.C^lriii.
Principal of Accounting and Auditing Depart-
ment. Tiffin, Ohio, Business University. of the Probate Court, Akron, Ohio.
^ ^
f^^^^u*ii'/t^^(^i;^iu:a/^r'
ABC
27
5 10 jq
Stenography 10 10 q
Office Practice 10 lo
Penmanship 10
From the beginning: of the b will need to do after he graduates, but what Business English 10 10 5
movement bookkeeping has b he will need to learn. By teaching boys and Typewriting 10 .5 q
schools, the central study in t girls in school the things that will help them Business Law 5 10
—
course ^the "core" of the commercial curri- to learn the needed facts, principles and habits Salesmanship
Economics
5 5 10
culum. after they leave school, we shall lay a solid 10
Bus. Organization
In recent years several persons prominent foundation for their continued mental growth, 5 10
in commercial education have been telling us and thereby make possible for them the larg- I don't expect anybody to agree with this
—
that this is wrong that comparatively few est success to which their natural ability may classification in its entirety, although I
hope
commercial students go out to take jobs as carry them. most persons will agree with it in the main.
bookkeepers, and that therefore the study of Viewed in this light, the things we might Bookkeeping is given a rating of only 5 in
bookkeeping should not occupy such a promi- tearh in a commercial course may be divided getting and holding a job, because surveys
nent place in commercial education. into three groups: show that so few graduates of the commercial
When the writer heard this argument it Group A—
Studies which will be immediately course become bookkeepers. The subject has
seemed to him that there must be a flaw in useful in a business office, such as Filing. much value in putting the young man or
it. —
The fact^f it is a fact that most grad- Without some such knowledge, the student may young woman in touch with the details of busi-
uates of a commercial course take jobs as file he unable to get a start in business. ness, and is almost necessary to the owner or
clerks, bill clerks, stenographers, and other Group B—
Studies which will enable the stu- manager.
such positions, does not necessarily mean that dent to understand the details of the business,
these persons should not study bookkeeping and bring him in contact with the vital facts. Stenography has high value in getting a
job. and high value also in bringing the
and other subjects not immediately useful in Stenography is an example.
these first positions. Group C—
Studies which will enable him to stenographer in close touch with the details of
the business. But it has little or no value
We must remember, also, that employers understand the principles of business. Eco-
in giving a grasp of the larger details of the
keep telling us over and over that if we train
boys and girls in the "fundamentals" the em- In brief. Group A
will give him a start business.
ployers will teach them the details of their Group B him to advance Group C
will help : Office Practice will help the student to get
jobs after they are employed. will help to become manager or propre-
him and hold his first job. It will also put him
Everyone recognizes that a young man or tor, if his intelligence and his ambition drive in touch with the affairs of the office, and
young woman who is to make a success in him so far. There is here no question of "a enable him to learn the details of the busi-
life must learn a great deal after he begins job" versus life", but rather a question of ness. It will not be of great value in giving
his business career. We
should not expect a "The life on the job". I believe, of course, him a grasp of the larger aspects of the busi-
boy or girl to go from school to a job that that education should fit a man or woman
would give scope for his adult faculties, or to enjoy the finer things of life. But with Penmanship is a great help in getting a
that would pay a wage large enough to satisfy most of us it must first enable us to earn the job. It has little value in helping to under-
him all his life. We take it for granted that finer things. The need for a continued edu- stand the details of business, or in solving
he will advance to more responsible positions cation is not peculiar to commercial subjects. the problems of the manager.
and larger salaries. It is equally true of law, medicine, and indeed
But v.-e must not take it for granted also of most subjects. The law student who never Business EngHsh is needed for nearly every
job. from the office boy to the bondholder.
that such advancement will come merely as learns any more law after he is admitted to It
a result of time spent in business that ad-
; the bar will never be a good la^-yer. much helps to get the first position, it leads to fa-
vancement to high positions is by seniority, less a great one. The man who receives his miliarity with the details of the business, and
if it does not help directly in understanding
rather than by merit and that the additional
; A. B. or even his Ph. D. today will not be
knowledge necessary to fit the young man or conspicuous twenty years from now for what the larger problems of business, it is almost a
young women for high position will be ab- he knows, unless it be for what he has learned necessity for the man who would get to the
sorbed in the course of his daily work. Much during those twenty years. The old idea of position where he will be called upon to solve
less should we take it for granted that this "finishing" an education and being for the such problems.
absorbtion of further knowledge depends en- rest ofyour life a distinguished man or wom- _
Typewriting is often a passport to a posi-
tirely upon native ability, and not at all upon an no longer true.
is tion, and by bringing to the typist reports,
previous training. The commercial student must take one or business papers, and other important matters,
No one will question the importance of na- more studies described above under (A), in it assists him to learn the details of the busi-
tive abiiitv. but it certainly does not explain order that he may get and hold a job. What ness. It does not help in solving the prob-
all the difference in usefulness and earnings that study or those studies shall be, depends lems of management.
among business employes. We must recognize upon what he wants to learn from business. Business Law has little value in getting a
also that how much we will learn in a given He should approach his first job with the first job, but it does shed some light upon the
situation depends largely upon what we al- thought, "The most important thing I am to
If we knew nothing of multi- get from this job is a knowledge of business."
details of business. For the manager or
ready know. owner, it is quite essential.
plication, we could hardly learn to divide by Unless he is content to remain in that first Salesmanship as it is usually taught in high
long division, even though the process were job, he should choose some studies described
schools or business colleges, prepares only a
explained to us over and over. And if we under (B). in order that he may advance to few boys and girls for selling, and is there-
knew nothing of the structure of accounts, we a position requiring a knowledge of the de- fore given a rating of only 5 in getting a
could hardly learn to analyze a balance sheet. tails that can be learned only in business.
first job. It throws some light upon the de-
Furthermore, most successful men attain For example, an ambitious boy or girl should tails of business, and so is rated 5 in the
their success rather late in life. If Columbus not be content to remain very long an errand
second column. It is. or may be, of consid-
had died when he was fifty, he would not be boy or a file clerk, because these positions of- erable importance in grasping the larger
known as the discoverer of America. If Wash- fer limited opportunities for learning the de-
aspects of business, and therefore is given a
ington had died when he was forty, his part tails of business.
ambitious to become a busi- rating of 10 in the third column.
in the history of America would be limited to The boy or girl
his three expeditions to the headwaters of the ness man or woman should choose also some
No doubt many persons would give Sales-
Ohio, and few persons would have heard his or all of the subjects described under (C).
manship a rating of 10 in all three columns,
having in mind the personal qualities, such
name. In spite of the striking successes of because these studies help one to grasp the
as self-assurance, experience in meeting men,
a number of quite young men. it remains true facts of a business in their larger relations.
training in thinking, and character develop-
that the greatest achievements of great men Commercial education must be vocational,
ment, which are often taught in such a course.
are usually won after they are past middle age. but it must look beyond the first job to the
position the student may hope to secure in
Perhaps it could be taught with the idea of
Our boys and girls are going into a chang- fitting the student to continue learning, in-
ing business world. Think what changes have ten years, or in twenty, and so far as pos-
—
come in the last twenty years new inven- sible give him a start in the direction of that
stead of merely with the idea of enabling him
to take away the money of an unwilling cus-
tions like the radio and airplane, new trade position, and give him the training that will
tomer, and would merit such a high rating.
routes like the Panama Canal, new office de- help him to reach it.
vices like the visible filing systems and dupli- The young man or young woman starting Economics is of little value in getting a
job. and throws little light upon the details
cating devices. It seems likely that this proc- in business must think of his business career
of business but it is of very great importance
ess of change will continue, perhaps at an ac- as a chance to learn how business is done. He
;
subject has considerable importance to a ma- Perhaps if the student is very young he will
What thev were taught in school has some- be unable to make use of studies rated high
thing to do with this condition. What we jority of business students. 5 that it is of some
in column B, even if he has them. Only a
learn depends largely upon what we already importance to some students, and that it is
of slight importance to only a small number very few boys and girls under eighteen will
know. It follows that in making a curriculum (Continued on page 32)
we should consider not only what the student of students.
d^ f^^r^u<^'/i^^^^<^iua/h^
DESIGNING &
ENGROSSING
E. L. BROWN
Rockland, Me.
Send self-addressed postal for criticism, and
stamps fur return of specimens.
~\
mmm. Hlumination The more expensive res-
olution work is exe-
cuted in illuminated text, a style high-
ly developed in the ancient mona.'<-
teries.
The specimen shown in this connec-
tion, however, is not after the style
jllfrraS. li\x- iiiKi- .ntinilc"'ili-»Vuil«Mai;™twi!,
[^ popular with the ancient monks. The
original was executed in shades of
purple and red, but the color values
are lost to a certain extent in the re-
production.
First make a careful drawing of the
scroll work, with special attention to
form, balance, boldness and symmetry
in the curves. Aim particularly to
have the scroll work as a whole "hold
together", so to speak. Don't hurry,
in fact you cannot hurry work of this
class and obtain satisfactory results.
Next mix your colors, using cobalt
blue, Chinese white for body and a
few touches of Crimson lake, and the
mixture will be on a purple shade.
f^ y-mii^ J ;hs.so( i;>! ri<»>;
Add more water for the lighter tones.
^.teiiiufii.? With a pen filled with some of the
color diluted with water to produce a
faint line, outline scroll work. Erase
all pencil lines before adding color.
In the background use color with con-
siderable body and aim for evenness
of tone. If first wash is not dark
enough add another aiming for a flat,
even tone. The scroll work must be
By E. H. McGhee. Trenton. N. J., who reports that his engrossing business is good. lighter in tone than the background
for proper contrast. Observe the
places where the highest lights ap-
pear, and plan to leave the white
paper at these points. If by accident
you wash over these surfaces you can
ijuild up the high lights with Chinese
Miss Genevieve Kaiser i.s a new Miss Charlotte M. Kirk of Bar Har- white.
commercial teacher in tl:e Racine, bor, Maine, has accepted a position to When the washes are completed
Wis , High
School. teach commercial work in the Brewer, outline in India ink, and when your
Gerald Butler of Madi.son, Wis., will Maine, High School. work appears weak this heavy line
teach commercial work the coming L. C. Steele, recently with Rider will add strength and character. Use
year in the Steubenville, Ohio, High Chinese white for dots and lines.
College, Trenton, N. J., is a new com-
School. Next block in very roughly with
mercial teacher with the Norristown,
Miss Anna Roettger is a new teach- Pa., High School. pencil the text matter, which is a part
er in the Department of Business of of The School Teachers' Creed by Ed-
Berea College, Berea, Ky. win Osgood Grover. Pencil quite care-
Mr. D. W. Ferrier, last year com- the larger lettering including
mercial teacher in the Bethlehem, Pa., RHM<?(SHRR ,
fully
initial "I" giving special attention to
Busines.s College, has returned to his spacing, etc. Use waterproof ink.
iDF.SIfi\F.RJ|f1li:ii:f:<[|]:-iENGR0SSEI^
former position as commercial teacher Initial "I" and "B" are wrought in red
in the New London, Conn., Business outlined with black, and shaded with
;iu«M'*>x.N.-J.
College. a purple wash to harmonize with rest
Mr. L. Tjossem of Detroit, is a new of design.
teacher of penmanship in Strayer's The engrossing text was executed
Business College, Philadelphia. with a No. 2 '4 broad pen, underscored
Miss Ethel Hartwick, recently with [200 Sheets $|09
with a purple line. Strive to obtain
the High School at Bristol, Teiin has , 100 Envelopes!.-; uniform size and spacing in the letter-
just accepted a position to teach short- ing, and reflect on the sentiment ex-
,vhito bond
hand and typewriting in the Kimball nth writinK pressed.
School, New York City. rhes Use good materials including paints,
Ralph B. Tower of Greenfield, envelopes to match. Name and
address on e\'ery sheet and en- inks, paper, etc. Let us see the re-
Mass., is a new commercial teacher in ich dark blue. Plate Gothic type, up sults of your work on this lesson.
the Technical High School at Newton, West of Denver and outside of the
Mass. U. S. «M0. Sent C. O. D. if desired. We pre- LEARN DIPLOMA-ENGROSSING
pay postage. Satisfaction prxiarantcd. Order to- by Mail. Enrn 10 to 25 dollars per day. Com-
Russell L. Williams is a new com- day.BOOKLET AND SAMPLES FREE. Clarence f
plete 10-lfsson cour.sc, $5.00.
mercial teacher in the High School of ART STATIONERY CO., 1530 Taft Road A. French (dc 1' Academic des Beaux-Arts, Pnn '
Commerce, Springfield, Mass. CINCINNATI. OHIO— Agents Wanted. Engrosser, Address Box 119, Saugatuck. Miii
;
^ .^^^u^/i^M^£4<^iu^i^ir- 29
<>^^itj^ivat to mon\ni>
e Hutt what5C'c;\n- tRc
NEWS NOTES
Mr. H. M. Hill, Supei-visor of Writ-
ing, Columbia, S. C, recently paid us
a visit. Mr. Hill had with him some
very interesting specimens from his
pupils. One package contained the
specimens of pupils' writing upon en-
tering High School. Another package
showed the writing of the same pupils
later. It is remarkable the progress
shown by these specimens. We are
sorry that they would not reproduce.
Mr. Hill is getting very fine results. Miss Leora Carlson of Marquette, CALLING CARDS WRITTEN BY I
He is not only a skillful penman and Kans will teach commercial work the
,
OLIVER P. MARKEN,
fine teacher but is the author of "Pen- coming year in the St. John, Kans., |
1816 Buchanan St. TOPEKA, KANSAS, j
manship Made Easy", which book is High School. Ornamental 25c a dozen
used by his teachers.
Miss Irma Ehrenhardt is a new Script 35c a dozen
Elizabeth B. Davidson in Friends' commercial teacher in the Sullivan,
Central School, Philadelphia, Pa., is Ind., High School.
securing excellent results in penman-
ship. Miss Davidson is a very capable Miss Elizabeth Aiken of Henderson-
and open-minded teacher. She has ville, N. C, for several years commer-
held her present position since 1907.
In 1902 she held the position of Su-
cial teacher in the Steward School,
Washington, D. C, has been engaged
HI WAI
.J, YV /^L. TFR 222 Por»a«e Avenue
1 I1.I\ WINNEPFG. CAN-
pervisor of Writing in the Public to head the Shorthand Department of WESTERN CANADA'S MASTER PENMAN
Schools of Chester, Pa. In 1904 she the Scranton-Lackawanna Business Will send you two pages of the finest com-
attended the Zanerian College. College, Scranton, Pa. bination ornamental signatures, business
capitals, etc., ever produced in Western
In the Primary Grades the pupils Jesse White of Nelsonville, O is a ,
Canada $0.50
receive daily instruction in writing, in Set of business capitals and a forgery
new commercial teacher in the Pome-
proof signature of your name 20
the intermediate grades three times a roy, 0., High School. 3 dozen Visiting Cards 1.00
week and in the Junior High School Samples of Pen work 20
one lesson a week. The daily written No Free Specimens
work in all classes is very carefully
MULTUM IN PARVO
"Penmanship Made Easy" is the sanest route
supei-vised. In the upper classes 92% to good penmanship ever put in print. Sold on
of the students won Penmanship Cer- an absolute guarantee. Say "Mail Particulars". ARTHUR P. MYERS
H. M. HILL. Supervisor of Writing, Fine Art Engrosser of Resolutions. Testi-
which speaks well for the
tificates Columbia, S. C, Box 725. monials, memorials. diplomas. Certificates.
work being done by Miss Davidson Charters. Book Plates. Honor Rolls. Title
and other teachers in the Friends' Pages and Coat of Arms. Elegant designs for
Memorial Tablets. Tombs. Monuments. Silver-
Central School. ware. Fine Jewelry, etc. Send copy for esti-
mate.
ARTHUR P. MYERS, Artist Penman ,
.nia.d. $1.35.
^ m^gnuSSON, 208 N. 5th STREET, QUINCY, ILL.
A PROFITABLE VOCATION
Learn to letter Price Tickets and Show Cards. It is easy to do RAPID. CLEAN CUT LET-
TERING with our improved Lettering Pens. MANY STUDENTS ARE ENABLED TO CON-
TINUE THEIR STUDIES THROUGH THE COMPENSATION I'FAIEIVED BY LETTERING
PRICE TICKETS AND SHOW CARDS, FOR THE SMALLER MERCHANT, OUTSIDE OF
SCHOOL HOURS. Practical lettering outfit consisting of 3 Marking andfigures
3 Shading Pens, 1
and alphabets
,r of Leltfring Ink, sample Show
Card in colors, instructions,
prepam
nrenaW ji.ju.
$1 00 PRACTICAL COMPENDIUM OF COMMERCIAL PEN LETTER-
r
ING AND DESIGNS 100 Pages 8x11, contain-
ing 122 plates of Commercial Pen alphabets LEARN AT HOME DURING SPARE TIME
finished Show Cards in colors, etc.— a complete Write for book. "How to Become a Good Pen-
r
instructor for the Marking and Shading Pen, man." and beaut if vii specimens. Free. Your
prepaid. One Dollar. name on card if you enclose stamp. F. W.
Dcpt. B PONTIAC, MICH., U. S. A. TAMBLVN, -106 RidRe Bldg.. Kansas City. Mo.
^ ,^MJ^u^n^d^£^/iua;^r- ^ 31
MIGM GRADE
$so,ooo
In the last three months, we have placed teachers in fourteen States, at salarie
—
DIPLOMASai- totaling fifty thousand dollars and we will still have, at this writing, three or fou
weeks of activity left. May we serve you?
Send your
placing
Penman-
will be sent you free for the asking. Yi
application in now. Registration
should see ours before buying elsewhere.
FREE.
Home Study —Free Tuition
Law. Civil
THE ZANER-BLO.SER CO. The Commercial Service Agency
High School. Normal, Busin
Service. Engineering, Drawing. Domestic P, O. Box 618 ST. LOUIS, MO.
Science. Salesmanship id Collegiate courses
thoroug-hly taught by r 1. Typewriting course
free of tuition.
TEACHERS' AGENCY
Apply, Carnegie College, Rogers, Ohi
MANAGER WANTED— An experi- TEACHERS AGENrY, 28 E. Jackson Blvd. Chicago. Affilated officers in principal cities.
FISK
enced, wide awake manager and NATIONAL TEACHERS AGENCY, Sonthern Bldg., Washington; Security Bldg., Evanston, 111.
teacher for a long established and suc- AMERICAN COLLEGE BUREAU, Chicago Temple, Chicago; 1254 Amsterdani Ave., New York.
cessful Business College in a Middle
EDUCATION SERVICE, 1254 Amsterdam Ave., New York; 19 South LaSalle Street, Chic.go.
West city. An attractive proposition
and permanent connection for the
right man. Address Box 574, care
Business Educator, Columbus, Ohio. POSITIONS FOR TEACHERS-
BUSINESS COLLEGES FOR SALE
Splendid salaries, choice positions
Write for free literature state q
:
If you want to buy a business college or if colleges for sale. Write for partit
Address M. S. COLE. Secy.
you want to sell one advertise in THE
CO-OPERATIVE INSTRUCTORS' ASS'N, 41 Cole Bldg., MARION, IND.
BUSINESS EDUCATOR. Many schools
ing (20th Century;) state age. if married, ex- Normal, and high schools in Detroit, Des
perience, salary earned in past, lowest salary
to begin with, make application in own hand- Moines, and other good cities, have selected
writing.
Address HOFFMANN'S MILWAUKEE BUSI- our candidates for the present school year.
NESS COLLEGE, 517-525 Wells St.,
Milwaukee, Wii Emergency vacancies for commercial teachers
are constantly on file. If available, now or
NORTHWEST SCHOOL. Equipment and ca- later,be sure to notify us.
pacity for 1011.Value of equipment .W.OOO.
Will sell for $3,000 cash, or $3,300 terms.
This will bear investigatii
THE SPECIALISTS' EDUCATIONAL BUREAU
577, BUSINESS EDUCATOR, ROBERT A. GRANT, President, Odeon Bldg., St. Louis, Mo.
Columbus, Ohio.
^^J^Uii/zieti^/^'^f/iu^i^^ ^
BOOK REVIEWS They will see that responsibility for inef-
ficiency and losses do not generally rest with
the department where costs are the highest.
Our readers are interested in books of merit, Other unusual features presented here for
No. 601 E. F. Magnum Quill Pen and club programs and social gatherings. How to Paint Signs and She' Cards,
The work contained in the book is of orig- by E. C. Matthews. Published by J.
inal production written within the twelve
months immediately preceding the date of the S. Ogilvie Publishing Co., New York
Pens stand in the front rank as re-
Gillott's publication of the book, and has never before City, N. Y. Cloth cover, 145 page.s.
gards Temper, Elasticity and Durability. appeared in print. This fact, which will be This book is a complete course of self-in-
made evident by the most casual examination, struction, which has been revised and com-
gives this work a unique character and value. bined with THE COAST TO COAST BOOK
JOSEPH GILLOTT & SONS OF LETTERING AND DESIGN, including
over 100 Alphabets and Designs, also Chapters
One Hundred Master Speeches, Edu- on How to Mix Paints. The Silk Stencil Proc-
SOLD BY ALL STATIONERS cational by William
Addresses, ess. Gilding by Solution, and all the latest
Homer Ames, Ph, B., and Paul A. tricks of the trade.
Alfred Field & Co.. Inc., Sole Agents Miller, B. D. Published by the Pub-
Speakers Society, Harrisburg, Mr. and Mrs. H. R. Mathiesen of
93 Chambers St. NEW YORK CITY lic
Oakland, California, announce the
Pa. Cloth cover, 272 pages.
birth of their daughter, Shirley Anne,
It has been the object of the authors of Wedne.'^day, August 12.
this book to cover the principle topics of cur- Mr. Mathiesen was formerly a rep-
THE AMERICAN PENMAN rent thought and to present within the limits
of a thousand word address a concise discus-
resentative of the Zaner & Bloser
America's Handwriting^ Magazine sion of each subject, reliable and accurate in Company in California, The BUSI-
Devoted to Penmanship and Commercial <lata and in correct form with a due regard
to the requirements of oratorical expression.
NESS EDUCATORextends heartiest
Education
It is hoped and believed that this book will
congratulations to Mr. and Mrs.
Contains Lessons in be helpful and encouraging to the student, the Mathiesen.
Business Writing teacher, the officers and members of socie-
Accounting ties, lodges, clubs and other organizations, the
Ornamental Writing business and professional man. and to every SHOULD BOOKKEEPING BE THE
Lettering
Engrossing
one who has an
audience.
occasion to speak before an CORE OF THE COM'L
Articles on the Teaching and
CURRICULUM
Supervision of Penmanship. (Continued from page 27)
Cost Accounting, by W. B. Lawrence,
Yearly subscription price $1.25. Special be entrusted with important details of book-
C. P. A., Director of Cost Account- keeping or correspondence. The subjects rated
ciub rates to schools and teachers. Sample
copies sent on request. ing and Statistical Department of high in column C are not needed for the boy
American Photo-Engravers Associa- or girl who cannot or will not go farther than
THE AMERICAN PENMAN a routine job. On the other hand, they are
tion; Professor of Accounting, De essential to the man or woman who wishes to
55 Fifth Avenue NEW YORK Paul University; member National rise to an important position in business. They
Association of Cost Accountants. might therefore be made elective in the Senior
ORNAMENTAL
CARDS 35c doz.
Published bv Prentice-Hall Co., New
York City. Cloth cover, 528 pages.
year in High School, or taught in continuation
or night schools, or in college.
So far as this discussion sheds light upon I
SAMPLES 15c The attitude taken in the preparation of the question of whether or not Bookkeeping
J. R. McAllister, Penman. this book is that cost accounting is primarily should be the core of the commercial curri-
Strathers. Ohio. an accounting function. As the work of the culum, it seems to favor the affirmative. While
cost accountant touches the fields of industrial it is true that a comparatively small per cent
engineering and management, emphasis is of commercial students go into positions that
placed upon accounting procedure, while the might be called "bookkeeping jobs." yet the
economic aspects are given secondary consid- facts remain that a knowledge of bookkeep-
eration. In other words, the purpose of this ing is useful in learning the significance of
book is to make better cost accountants. the details of business, and is essential for the
It is an all embracive work, covering the manager of a business. Office Practice is
subject from both the elementary and ad- probably a better entering wedge, but is not a
vanced points of view. Unusually complete satisfactory "core".
details of estimating and specific cost systems I venture to suggest that we have not yet
are provided. improved upon this trio of subjects as the
Controlling accounts are discussed at con- core of the commercial curriculum:
siderable length and their importance in cost Bookkeeping and Office Practice (the lat-
accounting clearly indicated. Manufacturing ter taught separately, perhaps, as an introduc-
oJpecial anentfion given expenses are covered in a practical manner tion to Bookkeeping! to give the student a
-io reproduclHon ofScnpi which is easily understood. The method fol- mastery of the technique of business.
lowed is that of considering production costs Business English to enable the student to
and Venmanship Copies in a simple manner and developing the com- express what he knows.
pUcHted phases in logical successive steps. Salesmanship (broadened) to develop the
The treatment of selling and administra- personality of the student to the size required
^TTie *Tjerr^y° tive expenses will, in themselves, interest the
many business men and accountants who have
for big jobs, and to furnish the driving power
to carry him to a position as high as his nat-
En^pavin^ Co. felt the need for material on this subject. ural abilities will support him.
Engravers r
Designers The Bryant & Stratton College, Providence, (Harry Loeb Jacobs, Presi-
' dent; also President of the Eastern Commercial Teacher's Association)
Illustrevtors has the State right to grant Degrees. Mr. Jacobs buys his Sheepskin
and Parchment Diplomas from us.
Columbus, Ohio Glud to .soirf samples arid prices if you wish them.
^ f^^^u^'/i^d^ia^e/iua^ ^ 33
TO TOUCH TYPEWRITING
Signatures by W. A. Botts, the skillful penman and artist.
VIA GUIDE KEY CROWNS,
THE FAR BETTER WAY
Miss Ellen M. Merrick of East- Miss Rebecca K. Fishell is a new M. SCOUGALE, Weatherford, Texas
lampton, Mass., is a new commercial commercial teacher in the Palmyra, N.
:eacher in the New London, Conn., J., High School.
Susiness College^ John W. Neuner of Port Chester,
Miss Louise M. Dreves of Greeley, N. Y., is the new head of the com- HAVE YOU SEEN THE
lolo., is a new commercial teacher in mercial work in the Danbiiry, Conn,,
;he Wliite Bear Lake, Minn., High High School. JOURNAL OF COMMERCIAL
Ichool. Newbegin of Boston has
Charles D. EDUCATION?
W. H. Martindill of Chicago, has re- been chosen to head the commercial (formerly the Stenographer &
cently been elected to teach commer- work of East Greenwich, R. I., Acad- Phonographic World)
cial work
in Strayer College, Wash- emy for the coming year. A monthly magazine covering all depart-
ments of Commercial Education.
ngton, D. C. .Miss Bessie McRae is a new com- Strong departments presided over by well-
Joseph J. Bevins, last year head of mercial teacher in the High School at known teachers for those who teach any
;he commercial work of the Bryant & South Hamilton, Mass. branch of commercial education, including
business administration, accountancy, and
Stratton Commercial School, Manches- Miss Ellen F. Jennison has been court reporting.
ter, N. H has recently accepted a
,
elected to teach commercial work the THE ONLY MAGAZINE OF ITS
similar position with the State Nor- coming year in the Rutherford, N. J., KIND PUBLISHED
High School. Single copv 15c. Annual subscription $1.50
mal School at Plymouth, N. H. Send for Sample Copy.
JOURNAL OF COMMERCIAL EDUCATION
44 N. 4lh St. PHILADELPHIA, PA.
fcaiibllkOri)illela.5mill\
fine point;
UenufT, Coioraiii)
34 ^ f^J^gf^'/mU^^d^i^j^^
The Zanerian Roster-
The older folks with "G" to tussel.
In Dixie Land from fair Tennessee
DR. FREEMAN VISITS
Come our Lucilie and Mildred Grigsby. THE ZANERIAN
Summer 1925 Reynolds and Hudson's typical brogue
Is thought by many as right in vogue.
Dr. Freeman seemed enjoy his visit at th^
to
At the Zanerian on Park Street, While Morgan and Collins' fine southern draw I
Zanerian nearly as much as we enjoyed havi:
From eight to four our classes meet. —
You'd like to acquire now, wouldn't "you-all" ? him with us. While he was here, he ga\L-
E. W. Bloser our writing does scan three very inspiring and instructive addre-
And puts on a seal whenever he can. To Wisconsin something we o\\e
Robert Bloser whom all like to know. For didn't she send to us a Snow, on the various phases of teaching handwritii -
Has charge of the office work below. A Loorais. Pew, and Madge Guequierre ? Our student body were quite anxious i li :
Lupfer our principal and critic fair. The last obtained a red seal rare Dr. Freeman prolong his visit and undert< -
Teaches us to do our script with great care. Michigan sent us only a single,
Chambers with Savage and Thompson, too. —
A sweet dainty maiden Olive Pringle.
Five Hoosier folk answer "Here I am",
to show their apjireciation of his lectures I
>
Tell us what and what not to do. presenting him with a beautiful and servir,
Arnold, from Spokane, on his way West, Ewing, Boyer. Godfrey. Buzzingham ;
able fountain pen.
Stayed for two days to give us his best. James, who gets "scairt" when teaching us all
Moore has talks that help us a lot ;
Also answers to this state's call.
Freeman, from Chicago, too was brought Three we have from the great Illinois. Mr. and Mrs, C. S. Gilbert spent a
And taught us a psychic way
in To know thes^ people is a great joy.
How to teach writing in this day. Walker and Black for seals are in line. pleasant week during their summei-
So to "carry over" let us try Hanawalt, too. is doing just fine. vacation visiting the Zanerian aiul
A lesson in Geography, Voth and Gale from Kansas are seen ;
g-etting acquainted with various pen-
And if you think you'll like the trick. Voth has a seal, its color is green.
We'll add a little Arithmetic.
men and supen-isors in attendance.
Since Grammar, too. must have a place. Lunde from Canada came to write. Mr. Gilbert is penmanship teacher in
Throughout this work the noun please trace. His work in all lines pleases our sight. the Mansfield, Pa., State Normal
From state to state we'll travel slow ; From Fargo. Dakota, Vetsch came to school ;
School, and is a distinguished chalk
Come now, just see which ones you know. He is a good pupil, obeys every rule.
Lund and Krupp are from the northwest. talker. He gave the students of the
Connecticut, we first shall tell. Their work in writing is surely the best. Zanerian a most interesting and help-
Has sent us Cotton and Pikiell. Lund studies round hand, he's quite in demand. ful talk.
While old New York was not "agin" us. For Minnesota, these take a firm stand.
For here is Spaulding. Madden. Innes, Frank H. Arnold, who conducted a
Chambers and Young, a group of five. Lembke from Iowa, says beyond doubt. Zaner Method Summer School at Sea
All for good writing they daily strive. That Iowa cornstalks put all monkeys to rout
New Jersey's rep is close to the top Shore, N. C, spent a number of days
Nebraska state they surely did ravage
'Tis none other than Marie Bishop. Until they found for us a Savage. on his return trip in the Zanerian,
Delaware sent Evans so straight and tall. Who surely does make things move along where he gave the student some very
We know as a friend he's admired by all. With his witty sayings and jolly song. interesting and valuable talks on
While Irene Tauchen and Angeline
Pennsylvania, the Keystone State. Add zest to the music, they're both fine. methods of teaching penmanship.
Believes in writing quite up to date. California, on the Western shore. He is a live wire in penmanship
For she sent us a group of twenty-two. Sent to these portals a fine group of four. and is overflowing with penmanship
To learn the best work and the methods new. A Susie Miller and Jessie Keppel, enthusiasm and information.
From this state and the home of a Quaker. Beloved by all you can easily tell ;
Comes our good friend. Esther Whit-a-cre. Hackman. who taught us a lesson so fine :
Mr. Arnold is the supei*visor of
While Philadelphia, so big and swell. Purcell. though youngest, is right up to time.
Sent Mary Murdie and Lily Darnell.
writing in the Spokane, Wash., public
—
Scranton sent Phillips Martha we say Some advice is here given below,
know).
schools, where he has become na-
Kinsel from Altoona. four weeks did stay. (All from Ohio we want you to tionally famous.
To name all the towns, there's no use tryin*. Le Gaily use the Higgins' fluid.
They sent to us Shallenberger. Ryan. In Dailey work you always should. Mr. and Mrs. C. A. Barnett were
Sabatos. Newark. Glossner. (that's Don. The Penn then Wiseley used will do visitorsat the Zanerian College of
Who furnished some fun when teaching was on) , Work for Smith. Zerkle. Welch or Pugh.
Some tried for seals and won them real soon. No Mar— shall we find on any work done Penmanship, Columbus, Ohio, where
A green for Markle, a red for Maldoon. By either Davis or Livingston. their daughter, Mrs. Harriet Penn,
There's Hawthorne. Tombaugh. Fulmer, Shidler. You'll Haver-field in which to try
Burkholder. too. not one an idler. The skill of Riebel or Mandry.
was a summer school pupil. Mr. Bar-
Llewellyn and Tyson sit side by side. Stolebarger shall shout in great glee nett supennses the writing in the
To be model pupils they both have tried. "lams as happy as happy can be"! Cleveland, Ohio, public schools.
Knowlson and Patterson, busy have been Grentzenberg '11 print a big sign well
Doing their printing with a broad Soennecken. Aided by Montieth and one Hartzell.
Mr. Barnett is a jovial, all-around
Roth from Harrisburg hiked all the way.— "Williamson's tardy, but just you wait. !"
good fellow.
At Zanerian next winter he'll stay. Some day you'll hear that his work is great
Now to write Zaner Method wherever they go Mrs. Emma Grayce Peed and Mrs.
West Virginia sent a quintette. Is the great wish of Shcafor, Donnell and Boe. Anna H. Lloyd, assistant Supervisors
That better in writing they might get. of Writing in Indianapolis, Ind., were
First Nina Christie we shall meet. In this sketch it has been intention.
With hearty welcome each one she'll greet. Each name upon the roll to mention. among some of the supei-visors and
Two others from Clarksburg made the trip. We hope none we've missed as we wrote along- teachers to visit the Zanerian and to
Eiizal>eth Wolf and Stella Philip. For there's a number in this busy throng. take advantage of the lectures given
McKinney and Gould good writers would be. Why do they seek the warm summer through
—
Please notice their work quite fine you will see. To come to Zanerian so much work to do? by Dr. Frank N. Freeman, on the
The reason you'll learn, when you too. attend. Teaching of Penmanship. Both Mrs.
The Blue grass State would this work acquire: So plan next summer with us to spend. Peed and Mrs. Lloyd are former Za-
From there come Craig and Grunkemeyer.
They teach the young to "roll the muscle". —A ZANERIAN— '25,
The 1925 Summer School was one of the largest in the history of the Zar M'ian College. Above is a photograph of the summer school pupils,
Not Quite all are represented in this picture. This jrroup of students is co n])Osed of teachers a id supervisors of many years of experience.
and those who are just bonlnninK their training as special teachers of pci manship. They corr from various states, from California to
Maine and from Texas to the Dakotas. Probably no finer lot of people ev r attended a penmar hip summer school. It was one of the most
skillful classes we have ever had the pleasure of Irainine. Over thirty-fi e in this class reat ,ed the Professional Certificate standard—
standard reached only by few penmen.
In addition to the regular classes in penmanship and methods the talks by Dr. Frank N. Freeman of th^ University of Chicago. Mr.
Frank
H. Arnold. Supervisor of Writing. Spokane. Wash., and others helped to make the summer school work intensely interesting and helpful.
We plan next year to have an even larger attendance. Now is the time to plan for next summer.
^ ^/l^^U^>t^d^^4^iU^fi^ ^
Adhesives for
(tha.rtne Dceplif and Penmen
stncerBli|
los;§
tit
of aitr bciaiieD
nurn The GRTORS
E A
of
-
fine penman-
lit?0.t;h.er- fi^p nt o iit^
- .^hip find
H I COINS'
§tJCteti| att&thartne. A d h e .sives
.supreme for
m ounting
ttiill supiilij his plaiv their finest
specimens.
with, nnattt.cr surb H GGINS'
fattttful. rtcriue axi& PHOTO
I
B
Thirty Lesson Plates and
and mothers do not hesitate to send Printed Instructions mailed
their sons and daughters, feeling con- to any address on receipt of
two dollars. Cash or P. O.
fident that they are not only receiv- Money Order.
ing the best instruction to be obtained P. W. COSTELLO
in our special work, but are also in
good company socially.
TEACHERS Engrosser. Illuminator and
Designer
You are interested in the Texts that Scranlon Real Estate Bldg.
While we are pleased to welcome all SCRANTON, PA.
who come, we always feel highly are most satisfactory to both teacher
gratified when former Zanerian pupils and pupil. The Byrne Series of Com- FRANCIS LEON TOWER
send their sons and daughters to take mercial text have won such a reputa- respectfully announces further that he is pre-
tion with some of our larger private pared to e-xemplify the practical application of
the course in their Alma Mater. This plain and ornamental penmanship through giv-
is now happening quite frequently. and public schools. Fill in and mail ing personal instruction or lessons by mail. No
Last summer Miss Mildred Zerkle for descriptive price list. machine work, but the "real stuff". There-
fore. I solicit the patronage of those who really
of Springfield, Ohio, daughter of E. T. Byrne Publishing Co. Dallas, Tex. aspire to improve their handwriting, or become
Zerkle, a 1898 Zanerian, attended our skilled in the uses of the pen. Remember the
secret, "start right". Further information
six weeks' summer session and proved
Name cheerfully given on application. Address 501
herself to be a lady of the finest Pleasant St., Hammonton, New Jersey. (Look
qualities. for adv. in November issue of the Business
Another lady who took our course Educator).
: : : :
36 ^T f^J^uJ/zi^i'i^deu^i/^ ^
PENMANSHIP SUPPLIES
Prices subject to change without notice. Cash should accompany all orders.
All goods go postpaid except those listed to go by express, you to pay express charges. Of
course, when cheaper, goods listed to go by express will be sent by parcel post, if you pay
charges.
PENS PAPERS
Zanerian Fine Writer Pen No. 1. Zanerian 5 lb Paper (wide and narrow rule)
gr $1 75 1,4 gr $ .50 1 doz $ .20 1 pkg. of 240 sheets by express $1.50
Zanerian Ideal Pen No. 2, Zanerian Medial Zanerian 6 tb Paper (wide and narrow rule)
Pen No. 3, Zanerian Standard Pen No. 4, 1 pkg. of 240 sheets by e.xpress $2.00
Zanerian Falcon Pen No. 5, Zanerian Busi-
ness Pen No. 6. Zanerian 7 lb Paper (wide rule)
1 pkg. of 240 sheets by express
gr $1.25 M gr $ .40 1 doz $ .15 $2.25
Special prices in quantities. We also handle Zanerian .\zure (Blue) Paper:
Gillott's, Hunt's, Spenceriaii and Esterbrook's 1 pkg of 240 sheets by express $2.00
pens. Write for prices. Zaner Method No. 9 Paper (% in. rule, 8xl0'/j)
1 pkg. of 500 sheets, not prepaid $ .85
Broad Pointed Lettering Pens.
Complete set (12 pens) $0.35 100 sheets by mail postpaid 50
doz. single pointed pens 15 Zaner Method No. 15 Paper (% in. rule,
doz. double pointed pens 30 8.XIOI/2):
doz. single pointed, any No 25 1 pkg. of 500 sheets, not prepaid $1.50
doz. double pointed, any No 60
: '
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111111111^/1111^1 iiiiiiiiiii\Miiiiiiuk;;<
A World-Wide Txiwmph.
houses, large and small, and helps the operator to turn out
business schools everywhere good work. The writing ma-
agree that this NewRemington chine which combines all ot
is the greatest value among these qualities is the natural
standard writing machines. preference of school teachers
and students wherever type-
Leading business educators writing is tauaht.
REMINGTON
Standard Since \hc Invention of the Writing Machine
:
.^Jf^u^n^^^/iu^i^T^ ^
AN ALL-ROUND BUSINESS TRAINING IN THE
CLASS ROOM FOR BUSINESS SCHOOLS
For Free-hand Writing
The elastic action and fine,
smooth point of Esterbrook's
No. 453 make this pen a favor-
ite in many schools and com-
mercial colleges.
it Each Esterbrook pen is a fine
steel instrument, delicately-
fashioned and adjusted to ful-
fil one purpose: to help make
Camden, N.J.
Carxadiar
See It Free Agenl5,
tern transfers to the class room actual business con-
^Town Bros.,^
The student fills positions as
Ltd.
BUYER Toronto
SALES MANAGER
AND
GENERAL MANAGER
es confidence as well as an all around business
ELLISPUBLISHINGCOMPANY
Educational Publishers.
Battle Creek MICHIGAN
^"^ '""
New Edition
Metropolitan iT
Metropolitan By U. G. Potter
^^^^-'-
Business McKinley High School
Chicago
System of
Speller Bookkeeping
Over 6000 words. New lessons contaii inp words perta You Will Like It. The text emphasizes the thought side of
to Aeroplanes. Radio. Automobiles, etc. Complete Index the subject. It stimulates and encourages the reasoning pow-
pages, attractive binding, 50 cents. er o£ the pupil. Pupils acquire a knowledge of the subject as
well as facility in the making of entries. It is a thoroughly
Gregg Students
Win Honors
In the shorthand reporters' speed con-
tests at Omaha in August, Mr. Harvey J.
Kittleman, a student in the Reporting De-
\% M§M
^^
partment at Gregg School, won the Ama-
teur event, and Mi-. Harold E. Branden-
burg won the Professional event at 150
2 - '^%,i
words a minute. Three other students,
Miss Charlotte Lenore Lewis, Mr. W.
Virgil Kittleman, and Mr. Leslie C. Finley,
^^L'
also qualified in this test.
ifubeiculo^
GREGG SCHOOL
Six North Michigan Avenue
CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.
BUSINESS MEN prefer this penholder be- GIRLS AND BOYS in school like to write
cause every hand; keeps ink off
it fits with this penholder because it fits the hand
fingers, encourages restful position of hand and keeps tlie thumb and first finger in the
right position.
in writing. If you give this penholder a
week's trial on your desk, you will prefer
TEACHERS with pupils in their classes
who do not like to practice handwriting
it to all others. Send for your sample should provide them with a Zaner & Bloser
today. Penlioider and watch the results.
5
'/z
Fundamentals of Business
By
C. E. Birch
ized vocational training for pupils in our large industrial and commercial cen-
ters, also recognizes the need for exploratory, informational, and inspira-
tional courses for those pupils who do not need to prepare for an immediate
vocation.
unique in its crisp and fresh presentation. Around the questions and assign-
ments for the student there is an atmosphere of business activity that adds
life and interest to the subject.
ACTUAL BUSINESS (with offices) done for advertising what Ruskin did for art and pai
FOLDER (like above, without offices)
CORRESPONDENCE THE BOSTON GLOBE: "There is not another book like
For High Schools. Business Schools or any institution this to be found wide ange of literature dealing
in the
teaching Bookkeeping. Text and outfit sent to teachers for •-vith is surely something new
the field of advertising,
it
ScHMiTT Printing Company gesting simple types of ornament appropriate for use with
the various forms of alphabet.
^, \ OI.U.ME 31 NUMBER
Ty., ...-r<.,:itiMtiMt^
1 ill f: :: A .V. .v.-i .rn.',
'
HfnuK^rnvs^at*
WHY CONVENTIONS? tables will have their first sessions. MR. MEADOWS SAYS:
We often hear the query "Why The evening is left open so that the Students must be punctual and
should I attend the annual meeting of members may attend the theatres or regular in attendance, if they are ever
the National Commercial Teachers' organize special parties. to get anywhere in school or busi-
Federation?" There are numerous Wednesday, the program will be a ness. The student who comes early
answers to this question, but, just at repetition of Tuesday's with the gen- and stays late while here will in-
present, let us consider only one. eral program in the morning- and variably do the same thing when he
Old age abhors new things new- — round tables and departments in the
afternoon. The 1925 session will close
goes out on a position. Business men
ideas —new The annual pro-
plans.
with the annual banquet, Wednesday
do not want clock-watchers;
want people who are more interested
they
gram of National Commercial
the
evening at 6:30. in their work than in having a good
Teachers' Federation is filled to over-
The program, as so far made up, time.
flowing with new things. If we have
gives promise of being the best ever. Complete training pays. The aver-
no desire to learn of these modern The officers and committee members
principles in business education, it is age business man expects you to be
are giving this their best efforts and able to keep books, operate the post-
a sign that we are growing old. Who it is hoped that the members will give
wants to grow old ? Who wants his ing machine, take shorthand and
their cooperation by their attendance transcribe it on the typewriter, write
associates to even think he is grow-
and by interesting many others in the a good business hand, etc With a
ing old ?
Federation. thorough knowledge of all these
At these meetings you meet teach- things, you can command a better sal-
ers who you are sure are doing a bet-
ter job than you are. This will be
MR. DONER'S ARTICLES ary to begin, and you will always
have better opportunities for advance-
an inspiration to you to make your- Teachers and Supervisors of
All ment.
self more proficient. There will be Handwriting will enjoy Mr. C. E. (Mr. Meadows is President of
teachers who you are sure are not as Doner's article in this number on "The Draughon's Business College, Shreve-
good as you. This will be encourage- Teaching of Handwriting." Mr. Doner port, La.)
ment. You will come home with new needs no introduction to Business
courage to face your problems. You Educator readers as he has been Di- SOUTHERN COM'L. TEACHERS
will form new acquaintances, which rector of Handwriting in Massa- ASSOCIATION CONVENTION
will be of lasting joy and great value. chusetts Normal Schools for a number
You will grow younger every day. Hotel Patten, Chattanooga, Tenn.,
of years. His rich experience in this November 27-28, 1925.
The next meeting will be held in work and handwriting and
his skill in
Cincinnati, December 28th to 30th in- in teaching, place Mr. Doner in the
The executive committee of the
clusive The Executive Committee, front ranks as a penmanship teacher Southern Commercial Teachers Asso-
R. Garbutt, Chairman ciation and the American Teachers
through Mr. I. and supervisor. Other articles will
I of the local Committee, has the pro- appear in later numbers of The Busi- Association have planned a very in-
gram well in hand. ness Educator. teresting program for these dates and
jlj
I The sessions will begin at 1:30 on all commercial teachers should plan to
'
Monday, December 28th. On that day, attend this meeting. The officers are
there will be the usual address of wel-
C. C. LISTER J. Murray Hill, Bowling Green Busi-
ness University, Bowling Green, Ken-
1
come and the response and one ad- So many compliments have been re-
M. Watters,
,
Let me emphasize the necessity of touch the paper. Do not fail to take rate, but slow up considerably when
adhering absolutely to the principles stock religiously of your acquirements they begin to write letters or words.
concerning these principles, and I'm
laid down in the September number One speed and one speed only must
quite sure you will find your failure
with respect to posture, penholding be your watchword. How can any one
to improve is due almost wholly to
expect to progress if he makes one
and position of the paper. Remember faulty posture, or faulty penholding,
thing slowly and another one fast ?
that the best writing movement can- with a resultant poor movement.
It cannot be done, students, and you
not be procured if you fail to observe How about your speed too ? Are might as well learn that maxim now
any one of these principles. Neglect you making your movement exercises as later.
in this means ultimate failure and dis- at the rate of 175-200 downstrokes
couragement. I have seen many stu- per minute ? If not, your lines will Read the instructions carefully and
dents fail to improve in their writing be shaky and irregular. And I want practice intelligently. Use your eyes.
merely because they were not sitting to caution you again about having And insist on your brain making the
correctly at the desk, or were allowing more than one speed. Some people muscles and nerves in your hand do
the side of the hand, or the wrist, to make the exercises at the required just exactly as it wants done.
Copy 1. — The capital "W"
a very beautiful letter when well made, but a very unlovely one as many a student
is
makes it. Observe carefully that the stem is much like that in the N or M. There are no straight lines in it. Every
part is a curve. Notice particularly the slight cui-ves in the second part; also that it is slightly taller than the stem.
Never make it shorter. The last stroke should be about two-thirds as high as the letter and is curved exactly op-
posite to the stem. Make 35-40 per minute.
In the words, watch this spacing and arrangement, and above all be neat, tidy and orderly in your practice.
Slovenly, slipshod work is one of the greatest detriments in learning to master this beautiful, yet utilitarian art.
^^^^^^^^
—
Copy 2. Capital Q Here is another letter that is all curve. The stem is similar to that in the W. Notice
very carefully the flat loop at the bottom. Keep it fiat and parallel with the base line. If you examine the loop
closely you will see that it is made to the left of the upper or stem loop. Finish below the base line. Count
1-2-3, and make about 50-60 per minute.
In the words, pay special attention to the slant and spacing. Remember to use good movement, and uniform
speed. Write the word "Queen" at least twenty (20) times a minute.
^=^^^=Z
—
Copy 3. Cap X. This letter is a modification of both the left and the right ovals. It is all curve too. In
order to make it beautiful it is really essential to curve the stem leftwards along the base line. Endeavor to make
the other half the same shape as the first half. In other words try to make it as good an X upside down as it
is right side up. Count l-2-pause-3-4. Make about 35-40 per minute.
The words are longer so as to increase your lateral or side movement. Try to make them without lifting your
pen. Arrange your work neatly.
—
Copy 4. Capital Z. Here is another letter that contains no straight strokes. The upper part is similar to
that in the Q except that the connective loop is smaller and rounder. It should rest on the base line. Tlie lower loop
is about three-quarters as long as the upper one. Try to have this loop completed just below the blue lino.
Be careful in the words. Write them in columns first, and keep each letter, if possible, under the similar one
above it. Maintain good speed, use good movement, and think, think, think all the time you are writing. The old
adage, "That it doesn't require brains to write" is a fallacy. The more brains you use and the more you concen-
trate on your practice, the better you will write.
—
Copy 5. Capital H. In this we have another very beautiful and graceful letter. The stem is curved as in the
X. In order to make it look graceful, we must curve well the top of the second part. Never make the second part
straight. It is the cui-ve at the bottom of the stem, and the cui-ve at the top of the other part that make this one
of the most beautiful letters in the alphabet.
Count l-2-pau.se-3-4, and make from 35-40 a minute.
Caution: Remember your success depends on posture, penholding, movement and speed. If you cannot do
this work well, by this time, you have left some of these points unlearned.
—
Copy 6. Capital "K" Another very beautiful letter. Examine it carefully. The stem is exactly like that in
the preceding letter. The upper part of the second half is a compound curve. So is the lower part. The small con-
nective loop crosses the stem a little above half-way. Finish the stroke below the base line.
In the words, notice that the initial stroke of the first small letter never crosses the final stroke of the capital.
We have a similar condition in the Capitals A, N, M, R and U. Such a crossing destroys the legibility, neatness,
and beauty. To be useful a thing does not necessarily have to be ugly. Therefore put as much beauty and charm
into your writing as you can. And simplicity in business writing, if not carried to excess, is surely one of its
greatest charms.
—
Copy 7. Capital V. In my opinion this is the most beautiful letter in the alphabet. At least, it is as Mr. Mills,
the master penman, makes it. The stem is slightly changed here. Check the movement at the bottom, making a
curve, not an angle. There are two compound curves in this letter, each being almost diametrically opposite. Notice
that the second part is about three-quarters as high as the stem. Strive to gain control over the movement. Ob-
serve closely and imitate carefully the spacing in the words.
Copy 8. Capital U. —The first part of the U is the same as the first part of the V. Notice that the second part
is about three-fourths the height of the stem. The final stroke retraces the up stroke about one-third of the way
down. With beginners it is sometimes helpful to check the movement before commencing the last stroke.
Study the forms of the letters carefully. Get a correct mental picture of each one, and then strive to repro-
duce it on paper. Criticise your own work severely. The errors you see and correct yourself are of more value than
those pointed out by your teacher.
Practice systematically. It is not quantity that counts, but quality.
^
( Z(7^t(t('!/t{'2{7^
L'-yi.-eL^c-ty
—
Copy 9. Capital Y. If you mastered the capital U, there will be but little difficulty in learning the capital Y,
Keep the last down stroke straight for nearly its whole length, but try to make a graceful curve at the bottom.
The lower loop crosses at the base line.
Do not despair if you cannot make them all alike. Remember you are a human being, not a machine. But
try, and keep on trying until you can make them like those in the copy. Pick out the most glaring errors and
practice until you have corrected them. Severe self-criticism is the best road to success in penmanship.
Review often the running or connected capital exercises in the September issue; also the signatures in the
October issue. These are valuable because you cannot make them well without good movement and control over
the movement.
C/'r?--<.^cA..-<L^
^ .^^^u^/t^d^^(<£eu^i/fr- ^
PLATE 22
As the courseof lessons in business writing advances tlie copies become more difficult. In fact, some students
think that, after they got along in penmanship to a certain degree of proficiency, the simple movements should never
be practiced This is a gi-eat mistake. The simple movements should always be practiced, even by the most expert
penmen. The copies given in this plate are intended to be written across the page, using the blue lines as guide
lines for correct spacing. See how well you can carry the hand across the page, resting the hand on the nails of the
third and fourth fingers. The hand should be carried along in just that position without turning the hand over on
the side toward the right as the writing progresses across the page. If the student is faithful in these little things
there is every reason to suppose that he will be succes.sful in taking up the more difficult copies.
PLATE 23
As from time to time, but practically one form of capital has only been given in this series of
will be noticed
lessons. The same form of capitals that have been given are incorporated in the set of capitals in this plate, and
these should be practiced in the most careful manner possible. Use the free movement, but think good foiTns while
you write. Try to have each set of capitals present as good an appearance as possible, and this work should be
repeated every day for some time. The sentence contained in copies 2.58-259 contains all of the small letters in the
alphabet, and is especially desirable for practice as it gives a review of all of these letters.
Again review the fingers and commercial abbreviations as found in 2C2-263. Too much practice cannot be given
to the figures.
PLATE 24
The copies contained in this plate are intended to be of a practical nature, and students in business colleges will
find the arrangement of these words to be especially helpful.
We can still fui'nish back numbers containing all of Mr. Mills' lessons. It will pay you to get this complete
course now.
PLATE 22
^ t^J^uJi'/i^JA d^'i/u^^i/<r/
PLATE 23
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^^X^C^-^-.-'i^-Z''-^'-^..tTy^ i^^^^^C-<>-Z^^:^
—
12
.^^.^u^>i^U^6^/iu^i/^ ^
Supplimentary Business Writing
Bv C. C. I.ISTEK, Maxwell TraininB School for Teachers. New York City
\=^Af'T^^ i^-^^^^-^sz-e-^^^l^s.-^-.^^
Z^«^z_,i?_c^-£-<^L'S,*-'-#:^,-r?--; -<---C-^>-'z^'t:€i^^
.--2-^%-.^^<l-i^^-Z^>i-^-,i-c^^^^.
The Round Hand or Engrossing Text alphabet is very popular with engrossers. It can be made rapidly and
will look reasonably well, or a great deal of tiine can be spent in retouching the strokes, if a fine piece of work is
desired. Owing to the contrasting shape and slant of the various strokes, defects are not as readily noticed as in
an alphabet made up of strokes practically all of one slant. Nearly every letter can be completed with the broad
pen alone, but it is well to practice making a fine line connecting strokes with a fine pointed pen. The latter method
must be used if one ever hopes to do any really fine work. There was very little connecting with the fine pen in
the alphabet presented here, and that only in the capitals. Head and base lines should always be used. Try to avoid
—
kinks in your strokes they are usually caused by gripping the pen too tightly. Have your letters balanced so
they do not appear ready to fall. Study spacing carefully, it is of great importance. Use good paper, a sharp pen
—
and good black ink stick India or Zanerian India. In books the lettering is often made with a No. 4 or No. 5
Soennecken pen.
"f "^'.^™'^
^iMiOlllfll if R««^5;r°—
Im papfrp (in6 that th«y M
?nif-
tiitfl prcflVntffi \a \\\c fnfaoca fnmilp in
f. mho .^•t^tiff" (hf o.^pirinn gouH\ uflii«'feini
'^
tplaiu talent aiiti {tci^dtion.
tmn
ir^c.
The above specimen was written by Mary G. Murray, a student in the Milwaukee, Wis., Normal School, under the instruction of Miss Ella M.
Kring who is director of penmanship. This pupil had about thirty lessons, two lessons a week of fifty minutes each. Miss Kring has seven
classes each of about thirty pupils.
^^^
k^i^>^y~,
2. s:m€z ^^pk^^^4'T^^^
.A-^ .o^
/1Z^ -"^--^-x^ v^
Ornamental Penmanship
By H. L. DARNER. Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, I'a.
:>^^^^«!^^^>£;:^^^-^#<?-'Z-^?^z-««-^?'Z^ '^^.'i^-U^^
-J>«Z'^2'2'i
^^^-icz-^^ i^^z,£jy^^^L^.<^
— ^<^i'C''Cc'<^^>^}'-L..'0--<>t^<l^ C-^ S^ ZC , J L,
^]^;-<?-7-Z--«Z-'Z^-^
'=:=^%,'<..<t^
—
16 ^ ^^^^BuJ/n^iiS^^yiu^f^r^ ^
MISSOURI STATE TEACHERS' A>
Penmanship Theory for Young Penmen SOCIATION PROGRAM OF
L Series of Questions Covering Several Phases of the Theory of Penmanship Which COMMERCIAL-TRAINING
Should Be Known and Understood by All Students of Penmanship.
By WILLIAM L. CRANDALL,
Assistant Headmaster and Director of Penmanship at Chairman, P. 0. Selby, Kirksville.
Saint James School, Faribault, Minnesota.
Vice-chairman, L. M. Goodwin, St.
Joseph.
(Continued fr
Secretary, Mis Lottie Cell, Kansas
(A) STEEL PEN TEST SET ANSWERS City.
About when were pens first made?
steel Drv colors and clay,
What are the little prongs of steei pens called A. W. Faber C o.
Friday, November
'I
vi' shows one of the any Zaner-Blo L-r handuritiiiK clii.ss<'s which hute bctii
at Chapel Hill. Thi; cted by Miss .Malic Conn Baldon, Southc
'. with headquarters Baldon is shown standinK in the doorH
f^J^UiU/i^U'i^yiu^r^ ^ 17
serving common things. 1. Put twenty provement in your scores. Your eyes good friends understand me yet. Of
small objects on a desk or table, for can be trained quite as surely as your all the many rich blessings that have
instance, a knife, pencil, spool of biceps. come to me in these latter days, the
thread, a ring, and so on. Have the The Hearing. Here is an amus- richest of all is that I can still af-
articles at least two inches apart. The
1.
ing exercise in recognizing voices, —
ford to work, that I actually can and
person to be tested, is of course, not that can be staged at an evening do work from CHOICE. I wonder if
to know what objects are selected party. One-half the company retires I can make this friend and others un-
Cover the collection with a newspaper, to an adjoining room, each wntli a slip derstand this. Probably not. They
expose for twenty seconds, while the of paper and pencil. Those remaining have for so long been in the habit of
subject obsen'es. Cover up again, and recite or read in regular order, which thinking of work as a disagreeable
let the observer see how many of the is noted, by one of the company, or necessity, a curse to be escaped from,
objects he can name (or write) in one the hostess, a verse of poetry, or one and a deliverance to shout over when
minute. or two prose sentences. The company one has escaped.
2. Repeat this stunt with a dozen in the other room, each for himself, It has been about six years since I
objects, letting the subject look at writes the names of the speakers, in (Continued on page 18)
—
^ ^^Jf^uJ/n^ii^ia^/iu^i/^
AN OUTLINE IN PENMANSHIP MENTAL MEANDERINGS right to say that my job has been real
FOR PUBLIC SCHOOL TEACHERS (Continued from page 17) work, and not mere play. Nearly half
the time I have spent among the
By C. E. DONER. threw up my twenty-year job of writ-
Klamath Indians, trying to be of use
Grades 1-2.Stress form in words, ing and selling books for business to those strange but interesting hu-
simple sentences and pupil's name, schools, and quitting with the idea of mans. I got a lot of kick out of this.
first at the board, then on paper. putting in most of my time loafing (Sounds funny from a fellow who has
Teach the fundamentals of posture written grammar books, doesn't it?
from then on. I rather felt at the
and the proper holding of the pencil But I always did have a hankerin'
and paper. Give a few movement time that it would not work, but it for the United States language.)
drills in the form of nursery rhymes was really through the afl'ectionate in- Then this renewed experience with
for muscular development and con- sistence of my family that I fell for rural schools in the maturity of my
trol. Encourage freedom in large, years has put a big new idea into my
it. Stronger men than I have yielded
free writing without insisting upon head. I have become permanently
application of arm movement. Insist to weaker temptations. But that is and fully convinced clear down to the
upon good posture, pencil holding, and neither here nor there. It didn't take bottom of my alleged soul, that there
plain neat writing. me long to find that "Everybody should be a special and different
Use pen and .scheme of education for our farmers'
Grades 3-4. ink. Works but Father" was not my tune,
Stress correct posture and penhokl- boys and girls. Anybody who will
and that it was going to take strenu- learn what I have learned during the
ing, the pen held lightly, at the
knuckle, pointing toward the right ous and probably fatal treatment to past five years, will see the absurdity
shoulder, with relaxed muscles and cure me of the work habit. Either I of running the farm boys and girls,
elevated wrist. Wrist must be free. had to find something to do or else the children of the city silk stocking
Give a few more movement drills for go bluey. I preferred not to go districts and the kiddies of the tree-
muscular development and control. bluey. But what to do ? It was a less slums all through the same edu-
Encourage applied arm movement but little late in the day for me to hunt cational sausage mill. And that is
do not insist upon it. Count using a new job. Besides, good jobs are a just the thing that is being done in
music and rhymes for fluency. Insist bit shy of being wooed by old fellows most of these states. If I am spared,
upon plain, neat writing. close to the seventy mark. Then I I want, later on, to write a book on
ment to all writing, encouraging this I remembered that I had, lying away Why am I writing all this? Well,.
among other ancient treasures, a for one thing, to let these before-men-
movement but not insisting upon it.
California Teachers' Life Certificate tioned sympathizing friends of mine
Insist upon correct posture, penhold-
ing, elevated wrist, and plain neat of the vintage of 188.5, that I had won know that I am not exactly teaching
by passing a hard examination before school because I "have to", to keep
writing.
the State Board. I found that that the wolf from the door. And for an-
Grade 6. Stress .correct posture, certificate was as good as on the day other thing, that other friends who
penholding, elevated wrist, and the know me better, may learn that as in
it was issued. I wouldn't even have
application of arm or muscular move- those old days of our Federation and
to take an examination. Also, I found
ment to all written work. Some drill that California was crying in all her other educational meetings, I am still
practice but more writing, which able to find things that I think are
fifty-eight counties for country teach-
should be plain and neat. Correct worth fighting for. I recall that my
ers, and paying about three times as
habits of position, penholding, wrist old friend and favorite opponent,
elevation, ease and fluency should now
much for them as in the old days.
Then Ithought of the glorious moun- Silas S. Packard, once referred to me
become fixed. tain country of Northern California as "that professorial looking chap
Grades 7-8. The finished product, where I had spent twelve beautiful from out we.st who is always spoiling
in quality and speed, is the aim in years teaching and traveling and for a fight." Do any of you recall
these grades. All writing should be writing during the 80's. I used to Perambulus ? Well, though slightly
done in a fluent, neat, business-like have a lot of good friends up there disfigured, he is still in the ring. So,
manner. that maybe, hadn't quite forgotten many thanks, old friends, but no more
Summary me. Nuf sed. I escaped from my commiseration, please.
And just one thing more. There
Grades Letter formation
1-2. — ac- watchful family, almost sneaked away
in fact, and went. Well, I am here are better things for us old fellows to
curate perception of form. do than to keep warm the club lounges
yet and it has been a glorious adven-
Grades 3-4 Movement begun ture Of course, I compromise witli or the park benches. RE-tire ? Yes.
muscular habit forming stage. the home folks by spending my win- But buy the 20,000 mile kind; then
Grade 5. Movement stressed ters with them, but the rest of the fill the tank with gas and let 'er go.
Cards by that master penman. A. D. Taylor. The accuracy and srace which he attained almost beyond human achii
^ ^!^^^iAi//i^^^i/iua/h^
good ones. The use of the measur-
19
FAMOUS LETTERS
BY FAMOUS PENMEN
In this series we have some of the most skillful letters ever written
This letter was written thirty years ago by Mr. Christc who was recognized a« one of the most accurate and Rraceful penmen
of thut time, (livc thiH letter a place in your scrap book for it is one of the best and will be an inspiration to all who sec
it. Who can excell it today?
.
f^J^uJ/ned^^^^/iu^a/^ ^
not intend to be either a bookkeeper
or a professional accountant to spend
The Problem of Teaching Bookkeeping many months in studying it is almost
By GEORGE W. SMOKEV. an educational crime."
;nds University. Wichita, Kans Various schools have made an at-
tempt to provide two kinds of book-
keeping courses: one for the general
Bookkeeping- as taught in most high ject-matter does not lack in educa- student, another for the student who
schools is preeminently a vocational tional value. expects to make accounting- his pro-
subject.As a vocational subject book- Bookkeeping develops the reasoning- fession. The better method, espe-
keeping should pei'mit the student to powers. It imprints habit sof system cially for the smaller schools that can-
attain commercial efficiency in ac- which are of value to everyone. It not afford to duplicate classes in the
counting. It has two important func- develops the student's ability to form same subject is to present the prin-
tions. One is to give important bodies correct judgments as to the financial ciples of bookkeeping in the begin-
of practical facts. The other is to effects of business transactionson the ner's course in such a manner as to
develop skill that will enable the high operations of enterprises. It gives a meet the needs of the general student
school graduate to earn a living in knowledge of records and office rou- as well as to give the proper founda-
the business world. And so the facts tine that is as important to the man- tion for specialized work in profes-
to be presented in the bookkeeping ager as to the lowest clerk, if not sional accounting.
course must be such as will force the more so. The high school is the people's col-
graduate to master his desired form What are the pedagogical aims of lege, few who matriculate ever finish
of skill. If the aim of the course is bookkeeping ? I will quote many the four years of work, much less en-
to make the student a bookkeeper it given by authors of texts on book- ter college. It prepares for life's
must be definitely vocational in con- keeping: work in the great majority of cases.
tent and practice. 1. "To develop the fundamentals Especially is this true of the commer-
The bookkeeping course planned to of accounting." cial students. They look upon their
give vocational training is one that 2. "To teach the art of bookkeep- course as one to fit them for the busi-
is intended for those pupils who can- ing." ness world. The majority of mankind
not complete their education in col- 3 "To train pupils in the prin- are mediocre. Many of the commer-
lege and so desire to enter business ciples of bookkeeping and account- cial high school graduates drift into
upon graduation from high school ing." blind alley jobs. They have attained
through the channel of the accounting 4. "To give instruction concerning their ambition of white-collar jobs.
or general otrice. business practices." Age finds them routinized petty clerks
Even though the aim of the school 5. "To give pupils a knowledge of on a "highly specialized and section-
administration is not to make the modem business activities and prac- alized set of books." It is not the
course purely a vocational one yet the tices." fault of the school. It has prepared
aim of the majority of the pupils in 6. "To develop the mind, particu- the pupils for the best kind of job
the course is surely vocational. If larly the analytical and imaginative they can handle. There are excep-
these pupils do not have a vocational abilities." tions. Most of the commercial high
aim at the time they matriculate an 7. "To develop the habits of neat- school graduates because of mental
ambition is soon instilled in book- ness, accuracy, system, and self-re- limitations (perhaps the method of in-
keeping students to become Certified liance. If these habits are acquired struction is partly to blame) "under-
Public Accountants. Such an ambi- they are well worth the time spent in stand only a partial application of
tion is aroused by the reading of the the course, even though all the prin- debit and not the fundamental prin-
glowing advertisements concerning ciples of bookkeeping- be forgotten." ciples on which rests the whole struc-
aims "
the possibilities of financial returns Briefly summarized the of ture of accounting
to the Certified Public Accountant put bookkeeping are: A majority of the higher institu-
out by the correspondence schools. vocational, tions teaching commercial courses
Because of all the stress placed up- cultural. give no credit for preparatory work
on the vocational aspect of bookkeep- Although the bookkeeping student in bookkeeping- done in high school.
ing we fail to consider the fact that may never expect to become a prac- Colleges have been censured by high
much less than ten per centum of ticing accountant a course in book- school folk because of it. In most
commercial workers are bookkeepers. keeping is of immense practical value cases the student entering a college
And the great majority of this small to everyone, especially in these days course in accounting- who has no
per cent are merely routine clerks of income taxes. For the general stu- knowledge of bookkeeping does as
doing routine duties on a "highly dent the course should be one in which well and many times better than
specialized and sectionalized set of the clerical work of writing checks, others who have had such preparatory
books " deposit slips, bills, etc., has been re- work in high school. And that every
And to further dampen our enthu- duced to the minimum. This can be ubiguitous student who has had a few
siasm concerning vocational bookkeep- easily done -without sacrificing any of years of practical bookkeeping experi-
ing courses, so high an authority as the benefits to be derived from such ence rarely does better than the stu-
David Snedden says: "My own ex- work. Nor should the student be bur- dent who has not heard of assets or
perience has convinced me that a rela- dened with sets. Drill him in the es- liabilities before he enters the course.
tively large amount of so-called 'com- sentials. An educator has said: The student with experience has prob-
mercial education' is still very far "Though bookkeeping is the tool of ably been merely a routine clerk doing
from being even moderately efficient accounting, it is a tool so simple in routine duties on a "highly specialized
as vocational training." And: "It be- principle that to ask any one who does and sectionalized set of books."
comes the business of the school to
give, in greater or less degree, train-
ing for an occupation, and not mere-
ly instructions in some of the studies
and practices believed to be of value
in that occupation."
But students clamor for the course.
Their aim is vocational, and so in the
great majority of cases the subject
must be taught as a vocational one.
Bookkeeping, however, is not alone
a purely vocational subject. The pos-
sibilities of the educational value of
the subject are unlimited. The sub- Signature by E. A. Lupfi
:
^ f^^^uJ/n^>i^<ai(/iua^r'
mental astigmatism, and I tell you my DO SCHOOL PUPILS WRITE AS
friends, thatis a bad disease, but it WELL NOW .48 THEY DID
The Quiet Observer is not catching if we will but take the
FIFTY YEARS AGO?
time and make the effort to find out
as much as we can of what we don't R. R Reed, Director of Handwrit-
[The man who writes under this pen-name know, and then try to acquire a little ing, Ferris Institute, Big Rapids,
has written so long and so much that he needs
no introduction. He is noted for being one more knowledge to add to the little Mich., answered this question with an
of the most independent men in stating what we have. emphatic "Yes". In a letter to the
he believes regardless of consequences that we * * * Editor of one of our well known news-
have. He thinks a good fighting enemy is bet-
ter than a soft soap friend. In matters educational I confess to papers in response to an editorial
]
—Editor's Note. having been at times possessed of a which appeared in this newspaper, in-
certain degree of peevishness. Oh sinuating that present day handwrit-
Dear Mr. Editor: yes, I admit it! I have not been ing instruction is not nearly as ef-
I have not got it —
but I am going ashamed of it for years and years. fective as it was in the good old days.
to find it. What? Why time enough With the backward steps we have We quote from Mr. Reed's letter as
to write to you of a few of my ob- taken, in what under most favorable follows
ser\'ation.s as I daily pass along circumstances is a mighty difficult job —
"Dear Editor: Your hammer did
through this "veil of tears". By the if we are to attain to permanent im-
not hit the nail on the head at all in
way, have you ever obsei-ved that we provements and real advancements, it making the statement that penman-
can never pass along any other way does seem it would be difficult to ship can have only two virtues; legi-
than daily, meaning only one day at avoid peevishness occasionally. I bility and beauty. True, legibility is
a time? We have our daily portion of would have someone disprove
like to a prime virtue of good handwriting.
time measured out to us for some pur- in The Business Educator my state- Beauty, however, is not necessarily a
pose. If we could condense the time ment that we are not making any real virtue at all. Let's leave that to the
of four or five days into one day, one progressive advancement toward the artist. Legibility is the sole virtue of
of several things would be sure to results we are trying to reach, and the finished product, but let us go
happen. Some who aie overly am- that we will not make such advance- back of that to the process of writing.
bitious would try to "hog the road." ments as long as we are periodically It is an elTicient process when the
They would jump in, and try to get disturbed by the inferences we have production is at a maximum, and the
ahead too fast with the result that to meet, in the productions of the time taken and the energy expended
they would come bump up against the faddist, the interferences of the men is minimum. In other words, the
other end of the roadway ahead of who think they know and don't know; prime qualities of efficient handwrit-
time. Another consequence would be the men and women who believe that ing are legibility, speed, and ease in
that this five to one speedster in time there is anything worth while in so- execution.
would block up the road for the other called intelligence tests and testings, "I agree with you that the plight
four fellows even if he did arrive five etc. of our youngsters would be more
days ahead. * * * bearable were they to improve their
* * * writing with maturity. 'This condi-
It tickles me
half to death when we
tion is accounted for by the fact that
I often think we have a good many run across every now and then, some
this is the speed age in which every-
self speeding educators scattered one who will again pronounce that old,
thing that is being done is done in a
abroad inthe land. One notorious old story which he would like to have
race at break-neck speed, and as the
thing about these speeders is that the someone believe, that the power of the
youngster advances in years and
estimate of what they are doing is teacher and his importance in the
progresses in school, the necessity for
seldom held by anyone but themselves. business of teaching is paramount
speed in everything he does is im-
They make a heap of noise and stir up above all others, that textbooks are
pressed upon him more and more un-
a great deal of atmosphere in doing not made as they .should be and are
til he finally sacrifices legibility in his
the little they do in a hasty way. It of practically no benefit to the stu-
handwriting for speed.
is the echo of this noise they scatter dent or teacher, and who always
"But, Mr. Editor, if you will in-
that again re-echos in their ears and knocks every textbook he has ever
vestigate and observe a little more
lo and behold they are soon raised to read or hasn't read for that matter,
closely than your article would indi-
the top of the pedestal of their own allfor the purpose of magnifying rel-
cate that you have done, you will find
conceit, still disturbing atmosphere, atively his high position of importance
that the style of writing generally
and making a great deal of noise to as compared with every other element
taught in our schools today is vastly
the detriment and sometimes to the of successful instruction. Such cases
more free from unnecessary strokes
•discomfort of the more placid fellows can have but one diagnosis. They are
than it was forty years ago. These
who are willing to plod along day incurable cases of mental astigmatism.
meaningless curlicues and unneces-
after day, doing only one day's work sary strokes are a survival of the
at a time. Mr. H. A. Kolb recently opened a Spencer and Gaskell age in which
school of his own in St. Joseph, Mis- much stress was placed upon the
It has never occurred to the Quiet souri, known as the Missouri Valley beauty of the flourished style of that
Observer that he was possessed of any Commercial Colleee. Mr. Kolb states day.
particular accumulation of wisdom. that the school will specialize in com- The proof is all around you today,
He is disposed to think that his ob- mercial work, transportation and pen- in our schools, our offices, and else-
.servations, if they amount to any- manship. where, that our young people of this
thing, derive their value from what he Mr.i. Florence P. Gay is a new com- day are generally better writers than
•does not know with absolute certainty. they were in your day, regardless of
mercial teacher in the High School at
You know this is the age of the im- Linden, Wisconsin. the idle statements you may make to
pressionist. Weare continually re- your readers through the columns of
•ceiving impressions from those we Miss Mabel Ellis of Attica, Indiana, your paper."
meet and converse with and work has been elected to teach commercial
Sincerelv vours,
with, and from those whose minds are work in the Attica, Ind., High School
R. R. Reed.
interested in some of the things our for the current school year.
minds are interested in. From our Miss Myrtle Crane of Waterloo, Miss Mabel M. Freeman of Linds-
impressions we get our largest re- Iowa, is one of the new commercial borg, Kansas, is a new commercial
wards in mental reactions which fre- teachers in the Detroit High School teacher in the Alva, Okla., High
quently result in our finding out how of Commerce. School.
little we do know and how much we
don't know. This is a magnificent Miss Lila G. Perry of Somerville, Miss Ernestine Billingham of Clin-
achievement in itself. One who thinks Mass., is this year teaching commer- ton, N. Y., has been elected to teach
he knows much more than he does cial work in the Hampstead, N. H., commercial work in the High School
Tcnow usually acquires a bad case of High School. at Hazelton, Pa.
^ ^^^^uJ//i^U^£i/iu^r' 23
tJ^i^fC^uJ/zt^M/^^/iua/h^ ^
ner of performing the letters. The
stimulus should then include the
teacher in the act of writing as well
Public School Handwriting as the copy." (From How to Teach
(A Comprehensive Bird's-eye 1 iew of Handwriting by a Normal School Teacher Handwriting — by Freeman and
By E. F. EDEL. Norther Illinois State Teachers' College, DeKalb, 111. Dougherty).
Music can be used very successfully
in developing this rhythmic writing.
This music should be of a marked
(Continued from October) past has not received much attention. temp, such as school marches, waltzes,
Grading of Handwriting By rhythm we mean "the organization etc. The Zaner and Bloser Co., Co-
Tlie grade in handwriting for the of the movement in respect to its tim- lumbus, Ohio, have prepared a set of
report card should be based as much ing." special penmanship records to help de-
on the appearance of all of the writ- "The division of the writing into velop the rhythmic movement.
ten work done by the pupil as on his units promoted by counting. The
is
writing during the writing lesson. counting, however, must be done in
Handwriting scales .should aim to de- such a way as to be suited to the let- FROM FARGO, NORTH DAKOTA
termine the grade and to give the ter forms which are being made. Fur- Frank A. Krupp, John J. Vetsch and
pupil a chance to do his own grading. thermore, the child must be shown G. A. Lunde, all of Interstate Busi-
The scoring of the rooms should be how to adapt his strokes to the count- ness College, attended the Zanerian
done at least four times a year or at ing in detail. Mere counting rapidly College during the summer of 1925.
the beginning and close of each semes- while the child writes along, without Mr. Krupp is one of the proprietors
ter. A few of the essentials in grad- having learned how to apply the count of the Interstate Business College.
ing are the following: to each individual letter, is of little Since his first trips to Colunibus in
1. General Neatness The paper — use.
"This requires careful study on the
1909 and 1914 he has sent many stu-
.should show freedom, be carefully ar- dents to the Zanerian.
ranged, margins should be even, spac- part of the teacher and of the pupil. Mr. Vetsch is one of the teachers
ing of letters and words should be uni- The teacher should show the pupil, by in the Interstate Business College and
form and paragraphs should be prop- writing on the board just how the Mr. Lunde was one of their students.
erly indented. count is applied to the letter. The In addition to attending the Zanerian
2. —
Light Lines The lines should pupil should then practice until he is
able to do it as the teacher has done
Summer School the three young men
be light and smooth thus indicating attended the Office Training School
a light touch and rhythmic motion. it. The counting, of course, is recog- where Mr. Krupp and Mr. Vetsch re-
3 —
Alignment AH letters should nized as an intermediate stage in the ceived their degree. Bachelor of Com-
be of uniform size and down on the practice. After a time the pupil will mercial Science. Mr. Krupp received
line. become independent of it. Its pur- a sheep-skin diploma from the Zaner-
4. Position and Movement Arm — pose is to develop the organization of
the movement into units, and to de-
ian and Mr. Lunde received a green
movement will develop strong smooth seal in Business Writing.
lines if made at a fairly rapid rate of velop the free and fluent wi-iting of Mr. Krupp, who has taught and
speed; while finger movement will re- the letters by a succession of im- played the violin for some twenty
sult in ragged, heavy, slow drawn, pulses. years and who leads the orchestra at
nervous or shaky lines and can be "This cannot all be conveyed to the Interstate, organized and led the Za-
easily detected by the appearance of pupil by simply putting before him a nerian boys in an entertainment which
the writing. Position and movement copy. It can be done only by showing was in competition with one given by
should be rated by the teacher while him the actual writing process. For the girls. While the girls had consid-
the pupils are writing. The number this reason it is necessary for the be.st erable musical talent the entertain-
of letters a minute should be rated by results that the teacher should show ment by the boys was appreciated by
timing the pupils while writing. This the pupil how to write, and not merely all and will be remembered by those
can be done by the aid of a watch. show him a perfect copy. The case is present as one of the most interest-
All of the pupils should begin writ- like that of learning to handle any ing social features of the summer
ing when the signal to start is given tool. The teacher shows the pupil school.
and they should continue writing for how the tool is to be handled and the The sentiment of the students and
a period of two minutes. Then the pupil learns a great deal from watch- faculty of the Zanerian towards the
letters should be counted and divided ing the expert perfonn the act. The three young men who added so much
by two to determine the rate of speed. teacher should be sufficiently expert to the summer school is Come —
The speed standards are a.s follows: to demonstrate on the board the man- Again!
Grades:
II III IV V VI VII VIII
Letters a minute should be about
30 4.5 55 65 75 85 1)0 to 100
A list of some standard tests and
scales which are helpful in rating
writing according to the above point-
ers are: Ayers Scale
Foundation, N. Y. City.
— Russell Sage 44^2^^^^-
Curtis Standard Practice Tests in
—
Writing -World Book Company, Chi-
cago, 111.
Freeman's Diagnostic Scale s Worlds F/nesi- /
Houghton Mifflin Co., Chicago, 111
How —
Measure Wilson & Hoke
to
The MacMillan Co., New York City.
Zaner Method Handwriting Scales
and Standards teran penman and teacher of Los Ansrcles, C-tl.. recently paid a visit to
nmanship Bees. AllhouRh he is now past eiK-hty-two. he is the younpest
Number I for Grades I and II e over had the pleasure of meetinK. He is remarkably well preserved
Number II for Grades III and IV signs of atfe. unless it is his shininf; bald head. He brouRht with him
filled with specimens of his fine work, many designs having been prepared in inka
Number V for Grades Grammar of
crap book
colo
Grades and High School. While we circled around him examiniicamining his pen work, penmanship conversation ebbed and
Zaner-Bloser Co., Columbus, Ohio. flowed most interestinRly. , -* , l
Rhythm Mr. Stutsman was closely associated with A. D. Taylor durinsr a (rood part of the life of that
younjr jienmanship trenius. havinf; been an advisor as well as one of his instructors.
Rhythm is one of the most impor- Come again. Mr. Stutsman!
tant aspects of writing, which in the The above signature was written by E. A. Lupfer.
CLARENCE FRENCH
^ ^^^^uJ//i^M/^4iu:a/^ 25
CERTIFICATE WINNERS
Parkersbarg, West Virginia has a population of about 25,000 people. We do not know the exact school enrollment but we do know that Mr.
R. W. Carr, the enterprising Director of Handwriting of that place, has brought the handwriting of a large percentage of the pupils up to
our certificate standard as will be seen by the two pictures above. Mr. Carr states that the number of Zaner Method certificates awarded to
the Parkersburg pupils this year excels by far the number given in any previous year.
The newspapers of Parkersburg have taken an active interest in the handwriting certificate campaign by publishing the names and addresses
of certificate winners and by praising the work which is being done in the handwriting department. This all helps to stimulate interest on the
part of teachers and pupils. Other Writing Supen-isors will do well to emulate the splendid example which has been set by Mr. Carr.
26 ^ ^^^^uJi'/ieU^d^i^iua^r^
^f^^e
Many arc familiar with Mr. Kico's careful engross-
ing. He is a policy engrosser in the New England
Mutual Life Insurance Company, Boston, Mass.
pal of Drake Secretarial School. Union City, N. J.
ARTISTIC PRINTING
100 businessor social letter heads and en-
velopes. Hnmmermill Bond, with your name
and address. Send $1.25. posUBe paid. We
Mr. Wiwicy is located at Benton Harbor. Mich. print anything- Prices right.
OZARK PRESS, Joplin, Ho.
^ ^i^^uJi'/i^U/£^/!fu^i^^ 29
if l|I|E|
j
louv) i>c WW) ileal*!
^f\^ 'sjciix 5iiclunclrimc>•t*llVc^'
'
. \.
* \ >^ X ^^
\
%.
Read Mr. Brown's instructions on preceding page.
.
^ ^^Jf^uJ/'/t^d^<^4/iua/h^
NEWS NOTES
J. Sharp, who has been as-
Thomas
sociated with business colleges for
many years, is now connected with W.
A. Wieboldt & Company, Chicago, who
operate three stores. Mr. Sharp i.<
a graduate of the Bryant Stratton
Business College and taught Penman-
ship and Bookkeeping in the Aurora,
Illinois, Business College. l^ininsylumiiu J?nrttpi
The Wieboldt News,
copy of a
tertui'rtisiiuiH-'iJin-itiriiiii
which we recently received, speaks ^ holii in Ihc PciinrllltjRofol.Til-
very highly of Mr. Shai-p's services in '
EDUCATOR. I therefore enclose $1.25 ! inilVTSSpiMion knouiina Ihc impprtiincc iiFlhc fiinsioli-
A PROFITABLE VOCATION
CLEAN CUT easy to do RAPID. LET-
The finest script for Bookkeeping Illus-
trations, etc., copy
for the engraver.
for which is prepared
Send copy for estimate.
Learn to letter Price Tickets and Show Cards. It is
TERING with our improved Lettering Pens. MANY STUDENTSRECEIVED ARE ENABLED TO CON-
TINUE THEIR STUDIES THROUGH THE COMPENSATION MERCHANTBY OUTSIDE LETTERING
PRIcI TICKETS A^D SHOW CARDS, FOR THE SMALLER OF CALLING CARDS WRITTEN BY
SCHOOL HOURS. Practical lettering outfit consisting of 3 Marking and 3 Shading Pens, 1
. „t i.i,tt<.rino Ink
1 sample Show Card in colors,
PrXcTICAL
instructions, figures
COMPENDIUM OF COMMERCIAL PEN LETTER-
and alphaboth
OLIVER P. MARKEN,
nrepa^ ti
prepaid n .')».
00 r-^
^mmi^ ING AND DESIGNS 100 Pages 8x11, contain-
^
1816 Buchanan St. TOPEKA. KANSAS.
ing 122 plates of Commercial Pen alphabets
finished Show Cards in colors, etc.— a complete
Ornamental 25c a dozen
Trade Mark CaUlogue free instructor for the Marking and Shading Pen, Script 35c a dozen
prepaid. One Dollar.
lixed
Tb. Newton Automatic Shading P.n Company Dept. B PONTIAC. MICH., U. S. A.
WANTED: —To
^ ,^J^u4/neU^i^^/iu^i^r^ ^
purchase school or
half interest, in city over 200,000.
HIGH SCHOOLS WE HAVE HELPED
During the past season our teachers ha\e been placed in the High Schools of Manchester,
Write H. ()., 57, care Business Ecluca- N H (3); Detroit 14): Perth Amboy. N. J. l3); Selma. N. C. ; Oil City. Pa.; Albany N.
tor, Columbus, Ohio. Y (') North Tonawanda. N. Y. P.utland. Vt. Providence, R. I. (2) ; Newton, Mass.: Port
Jervis. N. Y. Gloucester. Mass.
: ;
—
Portsmouth. Va. ; Richwood. W. Va. not to mention the
WANTED— Back numbers of The Business
smaller school!
: :
E. E. GAYLORD. Mgr.
NORTHWEST SCHOOL.
pacity
Will sell
for 100.
Equipment and
Value of equipment $6,000.
for ?3,000 cash, or 53.300 terms.
This will bear investiKation.
ca-
I
OUR ILLUSTRATED CATALOG
fine penmanship supplies and publications
WE SPECI.\LIZE
Commercial
ship Teachers.
and
Send your
in placing
Penman-
be sent you free for the asking. You Registration
EDUCATOR,
ill
application in now.
Address Box 577. BUSINESS lould see ours before buying elsewhere.
Columbus. Ohio.
FREE.
THE ZANER-BLOSER CO. The Commercial Service Agency
Columbus, Ohio. p. O. Box 618 ST. LOUIS. MO.
YOUNG MEN, WOMEN
TEACHERS TEACHERS' AGENCY
New Normal
Gregg Shorthand
Bookkeeping.
School
and
nepaitment. featurine
Twentieth Century ALBERT
Fortieth vear. We need at i 11 times many
25
well
E. Jackson Blvd., Chicago
trf
Free Service to the first 10 who qualify. COMMERCLAL BRANCHES. Salaries good. In oi
(Value $420). Manager looks after this work. Write for information
Teachers Wanted for new "EARN WHILE OTHER OFFICES:
YOU LEARN" Schools. 437 Fiflh Av Symcs Bldg., Denvei Peyton Bldg., Spokane
Board and Rooms $6.10 up : Private Fami-
lies $8.00.
Pupils placed in offices, stores, homes,
to defray expenses.
etc.,
LARGEST TEACHER PLACEMENT WORK IN THE U. S.
Under One Management— Direction of E. E. Olp. 28 E. Jackson Blvd.. Chicago.
Co-operation with all Teachers' Agencies in
U. S.
FISK TEACHERS AGENCY, 28 E. Jackson Blvd. Chicago. AHilated olficers in principal citiM.
HOFFMAN'S MILWAUKEE BUSINESS
COLLEGE NATIONAL TEACHERS AGENCY, Southern Bldg., Washington; Security Bldg., Evanston, 111.
52.5 Wells St.,
517 to MILWAUKEE, WIS. AMERICAN COLLEGE BUREAU, Chicago Temple, Chicago; 1254 Amsterdam Ave., NewYork.
EDUCATION SERVICE, 1254 Amsterdam Ave., New York; 19 South LaSalle Street, Chicago.
Small Business College and
FOR SALE Dormitory in Ozark Coun-
location.
try. Vci-y healthful scenic
Large number of rooms available for POSITIONS FOR TEACHERS-
students, cheap. Ideal location for hustling BUSINESS COLLEGES FOR SALE
wanted.
man and wife to make and save money. _Will Splendid salaries, choice positions, beginning and e.xperienced teachers
take Scholarships in payment. Other business Write for free literature state qualifications briefly. Money making business
—
:
reason for selling. Address C. H., care Busi- colleges for sale. Write for particulars no charge.
ness Educator, Columbus, O. .\d(iress M. S. COLE. Sec'y.
ZANER & BLOSER COMPANY If you are interested in a change, try our ser\-ice.
MR. E. R. VERNON
The above photograph is that of E.
R. Vernon, an instructor in the
<3uthrie, Okla., Business College. Mr.
Vernon is a commercial school man of
wide experience and training. In 1920
he came to the Zanerian and special-
ized in penmanship. Before going to
the Guthrie School he was connected
with the Tyler, Tex., Commercial
College, one of the largest business
colleges in the south.
One of the largest industries of the
south is the cotton business The
Guthrie Business College, under the
management of W. A. and P. A. Botts
being alive to the demands of the
large industry, have installed a course
in cotton grading under the direction
of Mr. Vernon who has had consider-
able experience in this line of work. GEOKI.IA SI MMEK SCHOOLS
It is stated that millions of dollars The State of Georgia maintain.s .^ & M schools for the Iraininn of teachers. The State Depart-
ment of Education of Georijia made arrangemenls to have a course in handwriting p:iven in
are lost each year on account of lack these various summer schools following the adojition of the Zaner Method for use in Georgia.
of knowledge of grading, enough The first picture above i-ejirescnts the handwriting class at the A & M school. Barnesville,
money to give each person in the cot- Georgia. The center picture is a grout) of summer school students at the Madison, Georgia
ton industry a thorough course in cot- summer school and the grout* below attended the summer school at Granite Hill, Georgia. Miss
Audrey Douglas, formerly director of handwriting at Alliance. Ohio and Massillon. Ohio and
ton grading. now associated with the Baner-Blostr Company as traveling representative, had charge of these
three classes. Miss Douglas handle<l three classes at one time by spending a couple of days at
_
each place going from one school to the other while the teachers in charge handled the clasj
between times.
rJif^U^et,--^
ARTIST PENMAN
501Pleasant St. HAMMONTON, N. J.
STUDENT OF THE FOLLOWING FAMOUS
ARTIST PENMEN:
S. E. Barlow— Personal, business and orna-
mental penmanship. (IcsJKninK and drawing,
theory and practice. The late A. B. Pulsifer -
personal, hyKiene, business and ornamental, de-
BiKninnr and drawinK, theory and practice.
The late C. P. Zaner-per.sonal. business and
ornamental, theory and practice. E. W. Bloser
— personal, business and ornamental, theory
and practice ; and others.
.Students who dosiKn to improve their hand-
wntinK throuKh traininc that actually counts
by writinK from copies that arc worth while
and by receivioK hints and susTKe.stions that
will help, will find their time and money well
spent if they communicate with me. PER-
SONAL IN.'^TRUCTION. or LESSONS BY
MAIL. "Start rlKht" and success will surely
crown your efforts.
(Watch for advertisement in the December
assue of The Business Educator). By Rene Guillard. E
; : —
^ .^Jr^u^/i^d4^£^/iu^i/!(T- 33
well illustrated
scenes. L. L. Kerney, M. C. S., is the
contain statements embracing affiant's full
knowledge and belief as to the circumstances School Pens
principal. and conditions under which stockholders and Spencerian Steel Pens are
security holders who do not appear upon the the best for schoolroom use
books of the company as trustees, hold stock because they outwear any two
p nd securities in a capacity other than that
ordinary pens. They retain
of a bona fide owner and this affiant has no
;
their smooth-writing points
HIGH GRADE I reason to believe that any other person, as-
sociation, or corporation has any interest or
longer against the misuse and
hard wear that children put
indirect in the said stock, bonds, or other se- upon pens. Children become
DiPLOlVlASANa curities than as so stated by him.
5. That the average number of copies of
better writers quickly with
these good tools.
each issue of this publication sold or dis- For more than half a cen-
CERTinCATES. tributed, through the mails or otherwise, to
paid subscribers during the six months pre-
ceding the date shown above is (This infor- —
tury
have
Spencerian Steel Pens
been the standard for
^thool pens. Twelve school
mation is required from daily publications
only.)
Itns —
three of each number
and our handwriting booklet
E. W. BLOSER. by mail on receipt of ten cents.
Catalog and Samples Free fSiffnature of editor). Please mention this publica-
HOWARD & BROWN Sworn to and subscribed before me this 17th
Ant of September, 1924.
ROCKLAND, MAINE. (Seal) EARL
A. LUPFER. Spencerian Pen Company
(My commission expores Jan. 11. 1926). 349 Broadway New York
A'o. — 1 College, fine point;
inlaid, $1.35.
A. MAGNUSSON, 208 N. 5th STREET, QUINCY, ILL.
34 ^ f^J^uJ//ieU^^^/!fu^iih^ ^
Engrossing name on card if you enclose stamp. F. W. Ornamental Penmanship has helped hundreds
Articles on (he Teact ing and TAMBLYN, 406 Ridge BIdg.. Kansas City. Mo. become PROFESSIONALS. Send for proof.
Supervision of Pen manship.
Your name on cards, (six styles) if you send
10c. A. P. MEUB, Expert Penman, 2365 Mar
Yearly subscription price $1.25. Special Vista Ave, Pasadena. Cal.
club rates to schools and teachers. Sample LEARN ENGROSSING
copies sent on request.
in your spare time at home.
THE AMERICAN PENMAN Thirty Lesson Plates and
55 Fifth Avenue NEW YORK Printed Instructions mailed HAVE YOU SKKN THE
to any address on receipt of
two dollars. Cash or P. O.
Money Order.
JOURNAL OF COMMERCIAL
p. W. COSTELLO EDUCATION?
Kngrosser. Illuminator and (formerly the Stenographer &
200 Sheets ^lOO Neat Designer Phonographic World)
Scranton Real Estate Bldg. A monthly magazine covering all depart-
100Envelopesl-» ^'.^i'^'J SCRANTON. PA. ments of Commercial Education.
Strong departments preside<l over by well-
known teachers for those who teach any
LOVERS OF PENMANSHIP branch of commercial education, including
business administration, accountancy, and
velopcs to match. Name Your collection is not complete without this court reporting.
and address on every sheet and beautiful coarse
THE ONLY MAGAZINE OF ITS
•ich dark blue. .Plate Gothic Type. Gaskcll's Compendium of Penmanship. KIND PUBLISHED
West
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Single copy l.lc. Annual subscription $1.50
the U. S. $1.10. Sent C. O. D. if des'red. We Larire Ornamental Sheet 16x12.
copy slips beautiful
of (jrna- Send for Sample Copy.
prepay postage and guarantee satisfaction. Or-
BOOKLET AND SAMPLES
der today. FREE! mental p( nanship Flourishing. JOURNAL OF COMMERCIAL EDUCATION
ACJENTS WANTED. book of Ii ions -All for $1.00.
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ART STATIONKItY CO. O L D S M I T H,
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CORRESPONDENCE COURSE
Cttch in a small box that which does not
adhere to the ink and but little bronze will
be used.
Gillott's Pens
Shorthand or Shorthand and Arnold's Japan is a good ink to use in
connection with the bronze powder, for it
The Most Perfect of Pens
Typewriting successfully taught contains some gum. If a drop or two (not
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Write for full information. Give this bronze a trial, delight your
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KARAM CORPORATION 1 oz. package, postpaid, 25c.
It Is
JOSEPH GILLOTT & SONS
Sheer Nonsense SOLD BY ALL STATIONERS
To have an oblique holder longer than 4 or 4^ inches. Enclose this ad and Money Order
for Sl.oO. No
clip set in holder, but three clips will be sent with each holder. Here is an Alfred Field & Co., Inc., Sole Agents
opportunity for you to secure a beautiful rosewood holder and adjust it to suit yourself.
R. C. KIxMG— 701 Met. Life Bldg.— MINNEAPOLIS, MINN. 93 Chambers St. NEW YORK CITY"
: : : :
36
PENMANSHIP SUPPLIES
Prices subject to change without notice. Casli should accompany all orders.
All goods go postpaid except those listed to go by express, you to pay express charges. Of
course, when cheaper, goods listed to go by express will be sent by parcel post, if you pay
charges.
PENS PAPERS
Zanerian Fine Writer Pen No. 1. Zanerian 5 lb Paper (wide and narrow rule)
gr $1.75 U gr $ .50 1 doz .$ .20
1 pkg. of 240 sheets by express $1.50
Zanerian Ideal Pen No. 2, Zanerian iMedial
Pen No. 3, Zanerian Standard Pen No. 4, Zanerian 6 lb Paper (wide and narrow rule)
1 pkg. of 240 sheets by express .$2.00
Zanerian Falcon Pen No. 5, Zanerian Busi-
ness Pen No. 6. Zanerian 7 lb Paper (wide rule)
gr % gr 1 doz $ .15 1 pkg. of 240 sheets by express $2.25
1 $1.25 $ .40
Special prices in quantities. We also handle Zanerian Azure (Blue) Paper:
Gillott's, Hunt's, Spencerian and Esterbrook's 1 pkg. of 240 sheets by express $2.00
pens. Write for prices. Zaner Method No. 9 Paper (fg in. rule, SxlO'/z)
Broad Pointed Lettering Pens. 1 pkg. of 500 sheets, not prepaid $ .85
1 Complete set (12 pens) $0.35 100 sheets by mail postpaid 50
',2 doz. single pointed pens 15 Zaner Method No. 15 Paper (Ys in. rule,
',2 doz. double pointed pens 30 SxlO'/z):
1 doz. single pointed, any No 25 1 pkg. of 500 sheets, not prepaid $1.50
1 doz. double pointed, any No 60
A ^orXA^ide Triumph
houses, large and small, and helps the operator to turn out
business schools everywhere good work. The writing ma-
agree that this New Remington chine which combines all oi
is the greatest value among these qualities is the natural
standard writing machines. preference of school teachers
and students wherever type-
Leading business educators writing is taught.
REMINGTON
Standard Since the Invention of the Writing Machine
^ f^^^Uii//i^^^^/iu:a/h^ ^
Writes Black
EXPERIENCED
line,
Eternal
Ink.
and Eternally Remains So
penmen insist on using only Higgins'
Writes jet black, giving a clear, sharp
which dries so quickly that a blotter is unnecessary.
Since it is a carbon ink, it cannot be eradicated without
destroying the paper. Proof against chemicals, light, and air.
f Agents,
Brovim Bros., Ltd.
Toronto
Specify Higgins' Eternal Ink for all fine writing. Ideal for
diplomas, certificates, docuxnents, and everywhere that per-
manent and waterproof qualities are desired.
ETERNAL INK
""'"'""
Metropolitans- ^2:"-,,, Metropolitan IT
Diiejnpce McKinley High School
System of ^ a^-^-^-
Chicago
Speller Bookkeeping
Over 6000 words. New lessons .containingwords pertaining You Will Like It. The text emphasizes the thought side of
to Aeroplanes. Radio, Automobiles, etc. Complete Index. 244 the subject. It stimulates and encourages the reasoning pow-
pages, attractive binding, 50 cents. er of the pupil. Pupils acquire a knowledge of the subject as
well as facility in the making of entries. It is a thoroughly
A Superior Speller seasoned, therefore accurate, text supported by complete
Teachers' Reference Books, and Teachers' Manual.
Twofold Design. In the preparation of the Metropolitan
Business Speller we had constantly in mind two objects: Parts I and II text is an elementary course suitable for
first, to teach the pupil to spell, and second to enlarge his any school in which the subject is taught. Two semesters
vocabulary, especially of words in general use. are required in High Schools and a correspondingly shorter
Classification of Words. As an aid to the memory we have time in more intensified courses.
classified words, as regards sounds, syllabication, accents and
meaning. We
have grouped the words relating to each par- Parts III and IV text is suitable for an advanced course
ticular kind of business into lessons, by which the student is following any modern elementary te.\t. We make the state-
enabled to familiarize himself with the vocabulary of that ment without hesitation, that this is the most teachable,
business. Wehave interspersed miscellaneous exercises in most up-to-date, and strongest text published for advanced
the nature of reviews. We have grouped words that can best bookkeeping and elementary accounting use.
be learned by comparisons, such as Stationery and Stationary.
Corporation-Mfg. -Voucher unit is bound in heavy paper
Abbreviations of states, months, railways and commercial covers and contains all of Part IV. It is a complete course
terms are given in regular lesson form, and grouped alpha- in Corporation accounting including instructions, set of
betically. We regard abbreviating of almost equal impor- transactions, exercises, problems, etc. It is without doubt
tance with spelling. the best text for this part of your accounting course. List
Syllabication and pronunciation are shown by the proper prices. Text. 120 pages, 40 cents. Supplies, including Blank
division of words, and the use of the diacritical marks. The Books and Papers, 95 cents.
words are printed in bold type, and the definitions in lighter
face, so as to bring out the appearance of the word, —
^an aid
in sight spelling. EXAMINATION COPIES will be submitted upon request.
FOR CHRISTMAS
Give a Zanerian Fine Art Straight Penholder—Beautiful and Useful
Penmanship
ZANER & BLOSER COMPANY
Specialists Columbus, Ohio
:
f^J^ud/ueiU'^(/iua/!fr' ^
Technique
In stenographic instruction nothing is more important than the develop-
ment of proper technique —of skill in shorthand and typewriting.
Application
On the other hand, skill is of little commercial value if it is not applied to
the solution of practical problems.
The basal books making up the Gregg stenographic and secretarial course
already adopted by hundreds of schools are
The Gregg
pi-""
Publishing Company
New York Chicago Boston San Francisco London
"
^ r^^r^uJ/zi^U^d^iu^i/^
NOW READY
THE LANGUAGE OF ADVERTISING
By John B. Opdycke
Author of "Business Letter Practice"
A strictly new course just off the press, combining Book- that no other book on the subject has attempted.
keepinB, Business Practice and Banl<inE. Mal<es individual
instruction a pleasure. Exceedingly interesting to the student.
tmg every line bears the impress of complete mastery of the sub-
Co., in fact always give them
ject. We congratulate Mr. Johnston on having produced a
'ence in the execution of our printing. work at once original and complete." The Athenaeum. —
1
- — --
I
TO COMMERCIAL TEACHERS delegates the usual courtesy of one Topic: The Business of Education
EVERYWHERE: and one-half fare for transportation Musical Program
, extend to you my hearty greetings,
I on the Certificate plan. Be sure to get (a) Howard Hafford, Tenor
jmd a most cordial invitation to attend a Certificate when you buy your one (b) The Cincinnati Male Quar-
he National Commercial Teachers' way ticket. tette; Dancing.
federation Meeting to be held in Commercial Teacher, give yourself
pincinnati, December 28th, 29th and a Christmas present of this trip. It MR. MEADOWS SAYS:
!Oth in Hotel Gibson. will give you joy and satisfaction for Develop initiative. Learn to do
You will find printed elsewhere in the rest of school year
the You things without being told. This is
he column of this paper the General will meet many teachers who are one of the greatest assets any young
i'rogram for the Federation Meeting. doing the same kind of work that you man or woman can have. It Will get
The musical programs will be of the are. You will get in these three days him or her ahead quicker than any-
ligh type for which our city is noted. an inspiration and satisfaction that thing else.
Hotel Gibson, our meeting place, is will remain with you for a long time Be neat, orderly, systematic, and
:he finest hotel in the middle west. to come. You will be a better teacher quiet in all your work. Everybody
The management will extend to their when you return to your school room. likes neat work. Everyone likes to
jTiests every courtesy, hospitality, Again, I most cordially in^^te you see an orderly desk and an orderly
lomfort, and protection that is pos- to come to our city for the Federation office Everyone likes to see a person
sible with its splendid organization. Meeting. go about his work in a systematic,
Vlake your resen-ations early, and Cordially yours, quick manner. Loud talking with
lirect to the Hotel Management. Irving R. Garbutt, other employees, with visitors, or over
The Railroad will extend to all Chairman, Local Committee. the telephone, should always be
avoided.
NATIONAL COMMERCIAL Reception and Dancing. (Mr Meadows is President of Drau-
ghon's Business College, Shreveport,
TEACHER.S' FEDERATION Tuesday, December 29, at 9:30 A. M.
La.)
HOTEL GIBSON. Cincinnati, Ohio General Federation Meeting
December 28, 29 and 30.1925. —
Addres.s Speaker to be Announced
GENERAL PROGRAM —
Address Mr. Amon W. Welch, "Penmanship is the vehicle which
carries all your other qualifications to
Monday Dec. 28, General Federation Attorney of N. Y. (Formerly Dir-
Meeting 1:.30 P. M. ector of Commercial Ed. East market and sells them for you." In
Invocation— Rev. Hugo G. Eisenlohr Orange, N. J.) spite of the common use of the type-
Address of Welcome — Dr. Randall J. Topic: Tlie Middle Ground in Com- writers, penmanship still plays a
Condon, Superintendent of Schools, mercial Education. mighty important part in business.
Cincinnati, Ohio. Wednesday, Dec. 30, at 9:30 A. M. Accounts have to be recorded, letters
—
Response by President Yoder General Federation Meeting signed and checks written all by —
—
Address Prof. Hennan Schneider, —
Address Honorable Charles M. that long used art of Penmanship.
From the Post Huron, Mich., Business
Dean, College Engineering and Hay of St. Louis, Mo.
Commerce, University of Cincinnati, Topic: World Peace through Edu- University catalog.
Topic: Co-operative Training in cation
Commerce. Mr. Hav will be presented by Hon. Primary Writing Problems
Monday Evening December — 28, at Albert D. Shockley of Cinti. by A. M. Hinds
8:00 P. M. (This program is furnished by the Mr. A. M. Hinds, Director of Hand-
Musical Program courtesy of the Cincinnati Board writing, Louisvile, Ky., has contrib-
(a) Culp String Quartette of of Education) uted a very thought provoking article
Cinti., O. Wednesday, Dec. 30, at 6:30 P. M. on Primary Writinff to this issue of
(b) Charlotte Sandman Angert, Annual Banquet, Roof Garden, the journal. Mr. Hinds is an up-to
Soprano Hotel Gibson date and very energetic supervisor as
(This musical program is furnished Toastmaster, President Yoder you will see from his article. We
by the courtesy of the Cincinnati —
Address Edward D. Roberts Asst. — hope to publish more articles from
Chamber of Commerce) Supt. of Schools, Cinti. Mr. Hinds later on.
THE BUSINESS EDUCATOR SUBSCRIPTION PRICE, $1.25 A YEAR The Business Educator is the best medium
(To Canada, 10c more; foreign, 20c more) through which to reach business college pWK
Published monthly (except Julv and August) Single copy. 15c.
By THE ZANER-BLOSER CO., Change address should
of be requested prietors and managers, commercial teachert
I
612 N. Park Columbus. O. promptly in advance, if possible, giving the old and students, and lovers of penmanship. Copjr
'
St..
E. W. Bloser Editor as well as the new address. must reach our office by the 10th of the rnont^
E. A. LupFER . - - . Managing Editor Advertising rates furnished upon request. for the issue of the following month.
^ .^^^u4/n^U^^Uiu^i/^ ^
The cause of this nervousness lies in in writing on the lines, consequently however bad it may appear in theory.
a too-tightly-gripped pen. Hold it you forget your nervousness, and use To secure neatness and order in the
lightly, with just sufficient pressure good movement and speed. You get work, divide the writing page into 4
to insure that it does not slip in your the feel of the motion used, and you spaces, 1% inches long, leaving mar-
fingers. In addition write the single learn to make the form with speed gins at both sides equal in length, i
Copy 1. In order to secure good lateral movement that is movement across the line or sideways it is neces- —
sary to practice some such exercise as that given below. They may be made as shown, or twice as long, even all
the way across the page. Endeavor to have the lines cross in the middle and to have the two loops look alike in
size and shape. In "b" we have a splendid exercise to develop control over the lateral
movement. Practice it dili-
"g" demands good movement as well as good control, so
gently in all its different phases. Such an exercise as
master it.
Copy 2. Small "j". Review the two-space straight line exercise both compact and retraced before commencing
the big "j". The part above the line is exactly like the small "i". The lower part is a loop somewhat straight on
the down stroke, well rounded at the end, and crossing at the base line. Do not make the down-stroke straight
throughout its whole length. That would necessitate an angle at the bottom instead of a curve. The exercise num-
bered "5" is another movement and control developer. Strive for a good swing in all your work, but be neat. J
Copy Small "y". Review the small "n" and "m". This letter is made up of the last part of n and j. Make
3.
the "n" part round. So many people make it like "i". Strive for smooth lines (through your speed), accuracy
(through your control) and neatness (through your eye). Every student ought to be able to turn out a tidy orderly
page by this time.
Copy 4 Small "g". Review the small "a". The "g"is merely an "a" with a similar loop to that used in the
"j". Be sure to close the letter at the top, and to make a graceful lower loop. Remember to use speed and move-
By the way, do you take stock every day of your position? Are you holding your pen absolutely correctly? If
you have religiously adhered to the principles laid down in the September number, your position at the desk, and of
your pen and paper should have become second nature to you by now. In other words it should have become so
automatic, that you do these things correctly without any conscious effort on your part, so that you can devote
your whole energy towards the making the exercises in good form.
^ .^^^uJ/ne^£i^iu^i/^ ^ 9
[
Copy 5. Small "z". Here is an odd letter, the first part is like the first part of n or m, the latter, like the
( loop in j or g, except that it has, usually, more curve than either of these. This is because of the peculiar curve
]
at the base line. Look at it closely, analyze it carefully, then strike out boldly at the big copy. Use transparent
'
paper to get a correct copy, place it over your work and see wherein you err in making it. In this way you educate
I your eye to discriminate accurately.
Copy 6. Small t. Here are two forms. The first is used initially and medially, the second finally. Practice
the small "i" because the "t" is merely an "i" with an upper retraced stroke, not less than twice its length. The
cross stroke should be about three-quarters as long as tl e letter itself, and should intersect the main part about
one-third of the way down. The strokes in the final "t" are not retraced, and the last stroke curves upward about
two-thirds the height of the first part.
Use good regular movement and speed in writing the words.
L^^t^/-
Copy 7. Small d. Two forms of the letter are given. The firstis used initially and medially, the second
finally. Some writers use the latter form in all three cases. It is merely a matter of opinion. The first part of d
is like "a", the latter is exactly like "t".
Copy 8. Small "p". The upper part is like that in the final t, while the lower part is a loop crossing as near
as possible at the base line. The oval part is quite like an "a" upside down. Combining small p's in groups is an
excellent exercise for developing lateral movement as well as for developing control over your muscular movement.
Make 4 or 5 p's in each quarter space, in columns. Afterwards write as lines. Do your very best on that big word
"principalities". It will test your skill.
'_...-^^2^-^.^^^S^^C^-^^2^--^
Copy 9. Small 1. Here we have the first of a groupof commonly called the upper-loop letters as distinguished
from the lower loop letters j, g, y and z. They are difficult. Try to use good movement, but above all try to make
—
a graceful loop one with curve on both sides at the top. Do not make an angle at the top. If you observe the form
carefully you will see that the loop begins at the height of the minimum-spaced letters. Before commencing on this
letter make a large 2-spaced straight line exercise. Check the movement just before reaching the base line in order
to make a curve there instead of an angle.
Copy 10. Small h. This letter is merely an 1 with the last part of n attached. Review the 2-spaced straight
line exercise; also the n. Watch your upper loops. Make them gracefully, using fair speed and good movement.
Try to keep them equal in size, and slant. You should write at least 18-20 "hash's" in a minute.
Copy 11. Small b. Review small 1 and w or v. Many people make the last part of this letter too wide,
thereby detracting from its beauty. Do not forget the tick or retraced stroke at the end. You will have to put in
many hours of careful, painstaking practice before you will be able to make the b proficiently. But every letter
you master, makes you just that much better writer.
PLATE 25
The sentence copies in this plate will be found to be some of the most difficult copies yet taken up in this series
of lessons. This work is putting into practice all of the previous work which we have taken up together with get-
ting a good arrangement of the letters. Several pages should be written with each line of copy. Do not begin the
second copy until you can notice a decided improvement in the first one. It is a good plan to number your pages
and compare the last copy with the first and note the improvement. Each student should be able to get the same
amount of work to the line as given in the copy. Be careful in making loop letters to see that the upward stroke is
curved sufficiently in order that the downward line may be made nearly straight. The loops should be made nice and
full, and they should present a graceful appearance. The enlarged fonns of the small "r" and "s" is copies 280,
281, should be studied and practiced in this way. I find that there are more students who fail in these two letters
than in most any other two in the alphabet, and as they are letters that are very freciuently used we should be care-
ful to improve them.
PLATE 26
Continue the sentence practice, but in doing this woik, whenever we find the movement degenerating we should
go back to the simple movements and word copies and work on them until the movement is again established. Great
care should be exercised in this work in getting the spacing between words, in order that the letters in each word
may look as though they belonged to the word, and sufficient spacing between the words in order that each word
may stand out by itself, perfectly plain.
PLATE 27
The an-angement of the work should be one of the important things for the student's consideration, and while
all this work should be done with the free rapid arm movement, still the student .should have in mind all the time
the exact form of letter to be reproduced.
We can still furnish back numbers containing all of Mr. Mills' lessons, It will pay you to get this complete
course now. Send the B. E. to your friends for Christmas.
PLATE 25
'r,::,./.^>e^y<>^L..-£r/'....^^^^ C -^^
'.-^^^^.'C^-Tp-^yC^i::^-?'/-z^^^
^^^^Uii//ieSS ^it/iua^h^ ^ 11
PLATE 26
;-^z^>z?^-2^^^^>^-:>'Z^^s^^-^
PLATE 27
12
f^J^uJ/zi^iU'^/iu^i^fr' ^
Supplimentary Business Writing
Bj C. C. LISTER, Maxwell Training School for Teachers, New York City.
<!^^_l--'^«C-i--?<>'Z--<^l--^-<^'^<A.
Each month Mr. Lister seems to excel his previous contributions. Few if any today can write a page of script which contains aa much ease,
grace and beauty as shown above. We have a high regard for Mr. Lister's work and a still higher regard for him as a man.
Send your friends THE BUSINESS EDUCATOR for Christmas.
^ ^^J^fiJ/n^U^^4i^iu:a/h^ IS
The alphabet here presented is more legible than the Engrossing Text, and for that reason it finds favor with
the general public. The buyer of engrossing is, unfortunately, usually none too familiar with the broad pen styles.
Being more familiar with Roman which he finds in nearly all reading matter, simplicity and legibility are likely to
appeal to him. A considerable amount of practice will be required to give the appearance of uniform slant this —
holds good for the slant of the shoulders of the stroke as well as that part of the stroke which should be vertical.
The capitals are of Roman or Missal origin. They are quite plain and harmonize fairly well with the small letters.
These letters are just as the broad pen left them. Rule head and base lines for practice and give each letter plenty
of room A short squatty style will usually look best for body work. Frequent comparisons of your practice work
with the copy will bring the best results in the shortest time.
J^:::^^2-^^.---Z/-€^'7^V.7^^2^.''-Z<£^"-Z^-iS^?'E^::.e^^-^i^^-^^-'£-^5C-z^>:te<;^
9 / / y -.e^^^^^scz^^j-^-*:^:!^
Teachers and Students are urged to assist I collecting material for this page
Students who ubscribers to the B. E. may secure free criticism vhen working on the lesson in the B. E. Send return postage.
^^i-C-lS^
Marie Hoffman, 16 years old. of Hiffhiands Kiph School. Ft. Tho Ky., wrote the above.
Russell E. Bridges, teacher.
This is one of the best specimens we have received from a \\ year old pupil. Guillerma Chavez of Colton, Calif., Intermediate
School has a firm quality of line and a free swing as the above shows.
You are going to be a winner. Cuillerma. if you keep on working. Study slant and spacing, and be sure to get your letters
like e, o, a. and loops open.
The above design was made by Fannie Steinberg, pupil in Cleveland School. Newark, N. J., Mr. Fred H. Riecke, teacher. You
will do well to make movement exercise designs, as it will give your writing freedom and grace. Be sure to make your ovals
slanting and two-thirds as wide as long.
16 ^ f!^^r^UJ//i^U^^<(/iU^lJ^ ^
Ornamental Penmanship
By H. L. DARNER, Daquesne University, Pittsbureh, Pa.
'^^^^t:Z.<d^^'^--7'-Z'^^
^ f^^^u^'n^^iudiu^i^T^ 17
demand the parents make that the sight. The letters that make the the up strokes. If the writing does
child be able to write a sentence or a words should be practiced first by not look free, a few drills should be
letter to mother early in the term. count in order to develop rythmic given to develop sideward movement
Many writing supei-visors, on the movement and letter recognition. It of the arm. The forms should take on
other hand, require that position be would be difficult to develop the whole a free, easy appearance, but will by
the first step and are rigid in their word by rythmic count with free and no means be accurate.
views that it be exact. Meaningless easy movement, in-as-much as the
drills are given in excess to develop movements of the words are too com- This series of steps in developing
arm movement at the expense of plicated to be made by the pupils the word "in" has presented to the
thought expression. It is the pur- while possessing so little motor con- child a picture which suggested the
pose of this article to present a few and co-ordination. desired word, recognized at sight.
trol
of the most logical fundamentals of A collection of pictures suggesting The letters were introduced sepa-
developing this art in the first grade. words to be used are invaluable in the rately, developing the spelling of the
As the school curriculum demands beginning. For example, to develop a word as well as the mechanics of easy
that the pupils be able to write early simple word like "in", a large picture letter forms. Thus, we have devel-
in the IB grade, it is necessary to pre- showing a man standing in the door- oped thought, slight recognition, i. e.,
sent this subject at that time, even way his home greeting a friend
of reading, spelling and mechanics of
though it is too difficult for pupils of could be used. The class is asked, writing.
that age. Our problem, then, is to "What is the man in the doorway say- This plan .should tend to harmonize
adapt this writing to the age of the ing to the man who .iust arrived ?" the views of the various primary
pupils. It is generally conceded that The pupils will invariably answer' educators and will undoubtedly prove
large writing is best suited to begin- "Come in." The picture should an interesting and successful method
ners. While opinions differ as to how be placed on the blackboard and the of presenting the subject of handwrit-
much larger than adult writing this word "in' written under it. The pupils ing to beginners.
should be, it seems most reasonable
that the width of the ruling of the
paper be one inch. This will permit
the pupils to make the letter forms
rather freely by bringing into use
only the larger muscles. Tlie writing
arm should rest upon the desk and
should glide along while making the
larger strokes and the lateral move-
ments to the right.
While there are general rules for
position, care should be taken to
adapt these rules to the individual
pupil as there are physical differences
in children. It is best to precede
seat work by board work that
the pupils may be trained to respond
to directions and to acquire the proper
letter concepts and the movements bv
which these forms are made. This
will give a foundation on which to
build the seat work and will leave as
the teachers's biggest problem the
ta.sk of keeping the wrists and sides
of hands up from the desks. When
— : ———
; :
^ f^^^iiiiineU/iaia^iu^a^r' ^
CORRELATION OF MUSIC
19
AND HANDWRITING
Reflections of An Amateur Penman We hear a great deal these days
Bj JNO. O. PETERSON, about correlation. Here is a song on
Public Schools. Writing Posture written by Miss M.
Katherine Bell, of the Junior High
School, Zanesville, Ohio which was
It takes the same kind of brains to originated with the idea of correlating
write well as to read well- -out aloud When you find a dot over an "e" music and penmanship. This song is
Some people have so much original- look around for an "i" somewhere on to be sung to the tune of "Yankee
ity in their handwriting that they the same page; the dot probably be- Doodle." Try it in your penmanship
have to warm it up to read it. longs over this "i". classes and see how it works.
Loops were made to distingmsh You can make the moon moan with
certain letters- -not tojump through. an "a". Writing Posture.
Keep them short. Put some hooks at the top of your
"c's"; your reader may want to go
Tune: Yankee Doodle
Movement puts the move in writing We're boys and girls of Junior High,
- - you can tell what's "menf without fishing. Even if he doesn't, he may
it, but not so quickly. appreciate your thoughtfullness.
Who write in Room Eleven;
When your letters get too chummy, Our posture makes the teacher sigh.
Double-u stands for two "u's", not
for three "i's". pull them away from each other.
We sit at six and sevens.
It takes a certain number of sepa- Some writers don't know the differ-
and a por- Chorus :-
rate letters to compose our words. ence between a capital
Some of the letters don't stand for trait of a wooly ball of yarn.
You can read some people's writing, Sit up straight and do your best
any thing but you have to put them
Curl your fingers under;
in to spell correctly. sometimes, by asking them what it
Cultivate an easy glide,
The "e" has one more loop than the means.
.A.nd don't dare make a blunder.
FAMOUS LETTERS
BY FAMOUS PENMEN
In this series we have some of the most skillful letters ever written
For many years Mr. Kclchncr has been recoiniizcd as one of An ca's finest penmen, a position he earned by much toil and a great Uro
for the art. All who know him personally arc loud in Iheir pra of him. He's a jolly good fellow you would enjoy meeting.
His addresa is:5002 WallinEford Ave., Seattle, Wash.
>/^i/^^i!^W«^^ ^ 21
Why devote time on an otherwise in- art which all are expected to acquire. finished product.
teresting program to so common a Small, swift accurate writing requires Speed, form, and movement are alll
subject as writing ? Why give place both time and perseverance to mas- the results of motion so directed and
to the discussion of penmanship which ter, and to learn to write well easily, repeated as to form habit. Focaliz-
some persons tell us, and a few pro- normally and rapidly requires both ing the attention upon the act desired
fess to believe to be no longer worth study and training. is the first step toward habit-forming-
while because of the extensive use of in writing as well as in other things^
It is the duty of the teacher of writ-
the typewi-iter, the multigraph, the It requires close scrutiny of the sizej.
ing to so direct her pupils that they
neostyle, and various other styles ? will get the right mental attitude to-
proportions, forms, slants, alignments,,
Even a prominent Chicago newspaper wards this subject. In order to do etc of the letters used as models, anct
,
carried an editorial three or four this she herself must believe in writ-
attention to the proper position anc}
years ago referring to handwriting as ing. She must know and be able to movement to produce these forms.
a lost and no longer useful art. demonstrate good writing and must Even after this attention is given, stilj
Inasmuch as we in the Omaha write a good hand herself. much more is required by way of
schools have been for many years giv- repetition until the habits are prop-,
The real test of good teaching is erly fixed.
ing considerable special attention to
found not in the penmanship class, The fact that there is so much poo^
the writing of our pupils, we were
J3ut in the quality of work produced writing in our American schools ia
much interested in this editorial and in the various other classes —
in spell- attributable, without doubt, to the fact;
did considerable investigating to test
ing, language, history, bookkeeping, that teachers of writing do not them-
its trutlifulness, and to learn some-
mathematics, etc. To use the expres- selves properly understand the sub-,
thing of present day demands for
sion of Prof. Driggs, we need to "cut
good writers in our own city. We out and connect up" more between
ject. Part of the blame can perhaps,
sent out about 12.5 questionnaires to be placed still more justly upon thosa
our various classes. We need to cut who
Omaha business and professional men, out all non-essentials and to connect
teachers are not writing instruc--
to which we received nearly one hun- tors, and who do not require of the
up or correlate the worth while things. pupils under their tuition that they
dred replies. Without a single excep-
The formal writing lesson is not an write well at all times. Whatever-
tion, these men say that good writers
end in itself, but is for the cultiva- good may come to the pupils through
are in as great demand now as ever
tion of correct habits in all written instruction in the writing class, can
in the history of business, regardless
work. Learning to write is accom- and often is much more than over-
of the extensive use of typewriting
plished not by merely making ovals come by the bad practices permitted
machines. They say that the style of
and push-pull drills, but by studying by other teachers in those elementary
handwriting in a letter of application
and practicing faithfully well ar- and high schools where the departs
nearly always has much to do with
ranged lessons which lead step by mental method of instnaction is usedi
the consideration given the applicant,
step to the development of easy, plain Unfortunately, some teachers who
and that clerks, bookkeepers, etc., fre-
forms that are rapid in execution. instruct in other branches, such a^
quently fail of advancement to better
positions because they do not write
Good writing can be acquired by any language, bookkeeping, shorthand, ac-
one who will observe, think and prac- counting, etc., have come into very-
well. Here are typical extracts from tice intelligently.
some of these replies, which give an little contact with business penman-.,
Correlation is one of the biggest ship when efficiently taught and da
idea of the business man's attitude to-
words, one of the most important not realize the benefit of their sub-
ward this subject:
things to be considered in teaching jects in requiring that all work be.
"We have refused to employ penmanship. It is absurd to expect
many young men and women prepared in their classes with proper-
pupils to learn to write well, if re- position, movement, and approved let^
whose handwriting was poor, for quired to sit correctly, use proper
fear that the same weakness ter forms. Those who know from ex^-
movement, and the correct letter perience, tell us that through improve-,
might develop in other lines." forms only during the few minutes of
"We require every applicant for ment in penmanship they are often
writing drill each day, and then be able to get better, more careful and'
a position in office to submit
our permitted to sit in cramped positions,
a letter of appl'cation in his own painstaking results in other branches.^
wiggle the fingers, and produce un- It certainly cannot be disputed that-:
handwriting. When the handwrit- tidy, poorly arranged, careless work
ing is Door, we invariably turn well written, well-arranged papers-,
during the several hours preparation are more easily corrected by the.
the application down " of other studies. In order to get de-
"We have refused, during the teacher than those that are poorly-
sired results, teachers must realize, prepared.
past year, to employ more appli- and must establish in the minds of
cants for positions because of their pupils, the fact that the formal A. W. Clark, in his hand book on,
their poor penmanship than for writing class is only for the purpose Publ'x School Penmanship, says;-
all other reasons combined." of showing how to write in their com-
"Most teachers understand less about
"We feel that the handwriting of positions and other written work. In the fundamental principles of chirog-,
our employees should be of high order to accomplish this, a relatively raphy than they do about any otheij-
grade, not only because of the high degree of legibility, ease, speed, study in the school curriculum."
records which they leave behind, Dr. Freeman in the introduction to
and freedom must be attained. These
but because of the impression his book, "The Teaching of Handwrit-i
requisitesshould be carefully diag-
created upon our customers when- ing", which was edited bv Dr Suz^
nosed and kept well balanced. Free-
ever they come in contact, in any zallo of the University of Washing-:
dom and ease depend upon the form
way with the writing produced in of movement employed, and the suc-
ton, has the following to say: "Tradi-
our office." cess of established habits. tion has dominated the teaching of
We offer this introduction, not as Relative to the movement to be handwriting as it has no other school
study. It has been the last of the so-
an excuse for this article itself, but used. Dr. Freeman of the University
called formal subjects to be influenced
for the purpose of emphasizing to of Chicago says: "The arm movement
teachers, the importance of the sub- with rest —
the so-called muscular bv the newer educational thought.
quite recently have ws
In every line of human endeavor, —
movement seems likely to become Not
really
until
had any important professiona^^
writing is one of the essential things practically universal in American
necessary to success. It is at once schools." Modern writing systems are (Continued on Page 24)
^ ^^J^uJ//i^M^<^^i^iu^i/^ ^
tive process has: frequent examina-
tion of the product, requirement that
Can We Teach Writing? the teacher deliver the standard out-
put. Insistence upon good hand-
ARTHUR G. SKEELES, Super of Writing. Columbus. Ohi.
writing in the penmanship class and
acceptance of careless paper work in
"You have probably noticed that keep the outline in mind, and see other classes is as reprehensible as it
the various ways in which we can help whether our work is properly divided is surprising.* * * The teacher is re-
among sponsible for good writing (of the
our pupils to learn to write may be the three heads.
pupils). * * * The principal is respon-
described under three heads. Sometimes one of these three fac- sible for the teachers; the district
"First, we may teach them the torsis stressed, and sometimes anoth-
superintendent for the principals; and
forms of the letters. er.The "copy-book method", so-called, so on through the line."
"Second, we may show them how to stressed the teaching of the forms.
Which of these three things is the
write, how to move the hand and arm, The copies were made as nearly per-
most important ? This question re-
how to sit, how to hold the pen or fect as the penman and the engraver
minds me of the (|uestion once asked
and so could make them. The pupil was
pencil, on. Andrew Carnegie, "Which is the most
taught to analyze the letters, and was
"Third, we may providesituations
asked to learn their exact slants and
important thing in industry; is it
which will call out their best efforts in Capital, or Labor, or Management?"
proportions. Often the paper for Mr. Carnegie is said to have replied,
writing, both in practice and in doing
practice was ruled with lines to show
written work." "Which is the most important leg of
the heights of the letters, and some-
The writer does not claim any orig- a three legged stool?"
times also with vertical lines to show
It seems to me that you cannot teach
inality for the first two items in the the space each should occupy.
above classification, which is quoted handwriting without helping the stu-
It is true that the authors of copy- dent in all three of tliese ways. Yet
from a bulletin which he sent to the books called attention to such matters it may be that some teachers are try-
Columbus teachers at the beginning of as penholding, position, and movement.
this year. The two elements in writ- ing to do it. Here is a teacher drilling
Payson, Dunton & Scribner said in away on "movement," with much em-
ing. Form and Movement, have been
their Manual of Penmanship (1873), phasis on position and penholding,
pointed out often before. In "Wrifford's
"The most superlative movement with- while his pupils have no clear mental
Writing Copies," published in 1810, out accurate and graceful form is ab-
the author says, "The art of writing picture of the letters they are trying
solutely worthless; while, on the other to make. Here is another teacher
is a species of drawing, consisting of
hand, real grace and finish can only teaching the forms of the letters, but
two parts, viz. Design and Execution. be secured by free and practiced move-
* * * To form a correct letter, i. e. not shownig his pupils how to write
ment". It was certainly true that most them. A third teacher is "checking
to shape it, you must have a plain,
pupils stud.ving by the copy-book up" on the writing of his pupils and
distinct view or idea of its foiTn and
method, whether they were children insisting that their writing shall reach
position. To execute it neatly, you
or adults, gave much more thought to a certain standard. But all successful
must begin and move the pen, so far the forms of the letters than to the
as it is carried, with an easy, unhesi- teachers have combined all three me-
movement. thods.
tating draw from the beginning to the
end." In contrast with this emphasis on Our pupils are likely to be well-
In "The Art of Writing," by John the forms of the letters, many present- rounded mentally, whether we are or
Jenkins, edition of 1813, the author day teachers of writing, emphasize not; and if we are to give them as
says: "Two things are absolutely movement and other elements of the much help as they need, and have a
necessary to be attended to, that any technique of writing. "Slant needs no right to expect from us, we must
one may soon become master of this special study, but will take care of it- teach all three phases of writing-
art. The first is to get a perfect idea self if the instructions have been Forms, Technique, and Interest.
of each principal stroke well impressed studied and heeded." "There is no
on the mind. The second is, to acquire value in any penmanship drill ever APPRECIATION AND
the right motion of the fingers, or invented unless it is practiced with COOPERATION
pressure of the pen, in order to draw correct positions of body, arms, fin-
I received my September number of
these strokes upon the paper." gers, penholders, paper, and with
The Business Educator last night and
Mr. C. P. Zaner wrote in the intro- exactly the risht movement, and at
really believe this is the best number
duction to Zanerian Script Alphabets, exactly the right rate of speed " But
that has come to my desk in many
publi-shed in 1902: "The two chief with these quotations, there should be
montlis. Here is wliat I like about it
given also the following from the
essentials of good penmanship are
form and movement.* * * The first same source: "Always, before begin- —
so well: The specimen of ornamental
penmanship by Canan, on page 13; the
essential in learning to write well is ning practise, the drill should be stud-
ornamental letter by Spencer on page
to stu<ly carefully and critically the ied in every little detail until the cor-
20; the ornamental letter on page 25
form to be made. * * * * The second rect picture is in your mind. Just
by Taylor; the signatures by penmen
essential in learning is to practice the how and where does the first line in a and teachers on page 2G and the speci-
form studied " letter begin; is it made with an up-
mens of Business Writing on pages
Is it true that all the activities of wrad or a downward stroke; how high 13 and 27 by Lupfer; pa-re Ifi by
is the letter; how wide is each part,
a teacher of writing fall under one or Swiertz; the lessons in business writ-
the other of these three heads ? how much running space does it oc- ing by Bailey and Mills; Mental
Think what a variety of things he copy; in what direction should the pen
Meanderings by Marshall; Laird's
does. He writes upon the blackboard, move in beginning, continuing and "High Spots", on page 18, and The
and on the pupil's paper; he gives completing the letter, and at what rate News Notes. All in all this is a
directions for position, for penholding, of speed should the letter or word be
miirhty good number.
and for movement; he points out the written? * * * Study and practise
must go hand in hand, if good results
Expect my renewal and a few more
characteristics of good letters, and the sub.scriptions from me in a few weeks.
mistakes the pupil makes. He exhorts, are to be the outcome."
he entreats, he commands, perhaps he One way of "providing situations J. A. ELSTON.
Sharon, Pa.
scolds. He gives illustrations and which will call out their best efforts
tells stories. He arranges for exhib- in writing" is suggested in "Annual
its, contests, and prizes. Sometimes Report of The Superintendent of Mr. Edward F. Kane, a rec?nt irrad-
he punishes those who do not do well. Schools," Chicago, dated June 30, uate of the Training Course of the
Can we arrange these things
all 1924, where Dr. McAndrew says, "No State Normal School at Salem, Mass.,
under these three heads? I think we elaborate investigation as to why pen- is the new head of the Commercial
can. And it may be helpful to us as manship is not better is needed.* * * Department in the Orange, Mass.,
teachers and supervisors if we will What is needed is what any produc- High School.
:
Chart V
^ ^i^t^uJ//i^d^(£''i(/iu^i^r' ^ 27
find himself stranded upon the rocks (.til >.e !i< 71S. Tue l>( ) 1 ).( )u.7i D :e 1
of non-success.
The student who may not have been
endowed with exceptional talents, and f ^vr^vuic.^fcmi5vivonut. Ooiuircssiiuin. Wis niroiujtn ni* aric-
from whom circumstances or environ- Jimaoiiiciil: skilihil kiiovlii^^c. >1l<^ ^lillil1n^ strittiyv. Iicroi-
ment has withheld the high ideals that Iv cKiinirioiio^ our i"iini^. ^^n^' Ico oitr H^hl" n-)rvMuUT tiic
should come with the acquirement of ni'ioii^ pitfalls of toiijrciis. T\'liicK rcsiilt«5i in tiic russtyo of
a satisfactory education and lead to sc'ifiill 1H44. tlio iiuw tvon 60 viralW intcrcstcb in: iiii^
success, may fail to comprehend the
serious situation with which he may lirrruB. iTTr,,, .,, ii lotli^, iius^vcTvity lis fn'oi.y*l-,if.
be confronted. He may then 'thank l^ loviiln' ro iv r anise. stmincW^ r^jiisriiia itii pros
r. fro.,, t^c „„ iiv conflicriiuj intarcsts scchiiiq to s^wtv
his lucky stars' if he was so fortunate
is cliartco coitrsi l->c Ivis siiccosstiillv coiiihiX;^ Nis loiia
as to have received the requisite train-
ftT,iiMk ji'miii tlic measure of justice ^vc
ing in the theory and practice of pen-
N:'}>; tl-,crcfl>rc tc
manship which enabled him to 'start
right' and, under skillful guidance to ^rSOlurCl.iiuIt- (Tliir.iiu'X"'^'-'' XaLXitrUmal Frft-
a worthy and useful career, 'make rrnfion nf UitsjuOlTiir U-lnUe. i,,rcjnlor n,oct;
good' before it was too late to avoid "{'^'"'J) iiss^niHc^ ^Hari-li S.t!>l.'\ io l;orol'V oitcii^ to tlvi
the errors and discouragements which '*
^lliitminililrllKnuTtrlirlli'. oi.r l(curtfol^ AimAxs c„i>
are the certain result of careless and Xcp appiciiJtioii of- IVis sp1cn>i> fi^ioiiV<l,ip al,^ for liit^ M<l
unscientific instruction.
We may then congratulate our-
selves that penmen are under no un-
^
J !lrDUllt^^.
ckM.,pio„sl,V >>"^ K- i^ h.,-tlKr
^ib.ir \w sh.ill .,lw.,vs llol^ n wam, s^wr in ^\^^i.
mercial world. Men like Bloser. Howe, retaries. ing. Public Schools, Denver. Colo. Miss Ellen ;
the profession with work of the high- Writing. Public Schools. New Haven, Conn. ;
est grade. Those who will take ad- Miss Dorothy Goodwin, for several Miss Alice E. Benbow. Supervisor of Writing.
years commercial teacher in the St. Public Schools. Trenton. N. J., and Mr. Fred
s^antage of the principles demonstrated C. Ayer. Director Research. Public Schools,
and the lessons taught by these tal- Peter, Minn., High School, is this year Seattle. Wash.
ented and thoroughly trained artists, teaching at Orlando, Florida. We
are indeed glad to see the Association
take this step. It will, no doubt, prove of ad-
will find in their instruction 'acres Miss Susan Norwood of Milnor, N. vantage to the subject of penmanship in the
of diamonds' and will themselves be D., is a new commercial teacher in the public schools.
put upon the sure road to success as Senior High School at Cocoanut Samples of stationery have been received
students, engrossers, and teachers. Grove, Florida. from the Art Stationery Company. 1.530 Taft
Rd., Cincinnati, O. This company is making
'A word to the wise' — whom we Miss Meriam Tate of Bowerston, a specialty of correspondence paper upon
know as those long-headed people Ohio, has been elected to teach com- which they print the customer's name and ad-
who are satisified with nothing short dress in a neat, attractive way, and which
mercial work in the Portsmouth, Va., should appeal to penmen and commercial
of the best— is sufficient. High School. teachers.
28 ^ ^^J^u^'/i^U^^^/iU^i^h^ ^
LESSONS IN BUSINESS PENMANSHIP
'
(Continued from Page 9)
Copy Small k. Here is another odd-looking letter. It is somewhat hard to make too. Observe it closely.
12.
The first part is an 1. The second part is h with a sort of pent-house above it. See the first of the three combined
"k's". If you will always remember that it is an h with a pent-house, you won't go wrong in making it.
Copy
13. Small f. The f is an extremely difficult letter, owing to its excessive height. The upper loop is
like the lower loop like that in q. On account of the similar oval (left) movement in the two loops there is a
1,
great tendency to make the down stroke too curved. Check the movement slightly approaching the base line, and
keep the back of the letter as straight as possible. Concentrate your mind and muscles on this letter. It cannot
be made well, if you do it carelessly. Do not draw the letters. Strike out boldly, and be sure you use a good
swing.
You cannot learn to write well in a day or a week. Intelligent, critical practice is the only high-road to suc-
cess in penmanship. Observe, analyze, and work, work, work.
YOUR SCHOOL
This is your .school, and you will get
out of your school work just what you
put into it. If you put good, hard
work, thoroughness, and a sincere
purpose into your daily tasks, you'll
be rewarded for such effort. One
usually gets about as much as he
—
gives no more. You know what I
mean. If you give a little you get a.
little in return; but if you give much
you receive more abundantly.
• I like to meditate upon the thought
DESIGNING &
ENGROSSING
E. L. BROWN
Rock Island, Me.
Send self-addressed postal (or critii n, and
stamps for return of specime
to devote his entire time to engrossing. Card writers and Penmen. Samples. 10c.
Writing and Bookkeeping, Riverside
F. N. LAWRENCE. Portland, Indiana.
Mr. McGhee is turning out some very High School. Milwaukee, Wis.
fine engrossing and some of it will be Miss Snow is an all around com-
presented in THE BUSINESS EDU- mercial teacher. She began by teach-
CATOR during the coming- year. ing in the grades and later completed
What Mr. McGhee has accomplished her commercial training in the
in the engrossing work is quite encour- Metropolitan Business College of
DESIC\ElHnii:ii:nil]:{ENGROSSEI
aging and we hope that many more Chicago. She was head of the Com-
young men with ability for engi-ossing mercial Department of the Wisconsin :rRB%TON .N J
will follow Mr. McGhee's example. In Rapids High School and Supei-visor
his letter he .states: "This summer I of Writing in the grades from 1910 to
visited a number of engi-ossing studios. 1914. Since 1914 Miss Snow has been
I spent four days with Mr. P. W. teaching penmanship and bookkeeping
Costello, Scranton, Pa. (a contributor in the Riverside High School. Miss LEARN ENGROSSING
to THE BUSINESS EDUCATOR) Snow has had much valuable experi- p'our spare time at ho
He surely does fine woi-k. His work ence as a teacher. This experiencj rty Lesson Plates
in the reproduction state does not do and a winning personality, together ited Instructi' led
pt of
him justice. His walls are covered with a thorough knowledge of tha two dollars. Cash or P. O.
with work and he does not hesitate subjects which she teaches, have con- Money Order.
to give pointers. He is a prince. Mr. tributed largely to her success as a P. W. COSTELLO
C. V. Howe in Philadelphia is another commercial teacher. Engrosser, Illuminator and
Designer
fine fellow. He certainly can roll out Miss Snow has attended our Zaner- Scranton Real Estate Bids.
the script." ian College on two different occasions, SCRANTON. PA.
having been a student in our 1925
Miss Effie Sue McAnis of Ash Summer School, where she was very
Grove, Mo., is a new commercial popular with the students and teachers
teacher in the Carthage, Mo., High alike. Miss Snow has been a Zaner
School. Method enthusiast for ten or fifteen
Miss Helen L. Johnson of Staples, years and she states that she considers BEST MADE 1^,,::,"%^!!^, '^i.^^h?i
Minn., is this year teaching commer- it a great privilege to have known Mr. not set. R. C. KING, 701 Met. Life BIdg..
cial work in the High School at Chat- Zaner as well as to know Mr. Bloser. Minneapolis,
ham, Mich.
Miss Rowena C. Leavitt, recently LEARN DIPLOMA-ENGROSSING BY MAIL. ARTHUR P, MYERS
with the New Bedford, Mass., High Until January 1. 1926. will pive comiilctc
course for only ?2.50. Enroll today. Clarence Fine Art Engrosser of Resolutions, Testi-
School, is now teaching commercial C. French (dc rAcadcmie des Beaux-Arls. monials, memorials, diplomas. Certificates,
work in Winthrop, Mass. Paris). Saucatuck, Mich.. V. ?.. A.
Charters, Book Plates, Honor Rolls, Title
I'agos and Coat of Arms. Elegant designs for
Memorial Tablets, Tombs, Monuments, Silver-
ware, Fine Jewelry, etc. Send copy for esti-
MEUB'S PROFESSIONAL OBLIQUE PENHOLDERS mate.
Are beinpr used by the finest penmen of the country. — such men as Lehman. Guillard. ARTHUR
P. MYERS. Artist Penman
Heath. Blanchard. Leslie, and Tollcy, the man who does all the pen workat the Whil 963 E. Market St. YORK. PA.
for President and Mrs. Coolidpe.
You will do better penmanship with one of my Professional Obliques. Try nd be
I adjust each holder so that it makes true, clear-eut shades. My
convinced.
made of expensive, imported woods from Africa, South America, and Mi "
'
FINE ORNATE CARDS
palm, manzanita. tulipwood. ebony, teakwood, and beautifully inlaid ith bits of Ivory. No
D02 _ - 25c
holder made to equal it. 5 doz - Jl.OO
The cost is SI. 50. and well worth the price. You do not need to send money
write that you wish to try one. and you can pay the postman when it is delivered Nicely Written.
A PROFITABLE VOCATION
Learn to letter Price Tickets and Show Cards. It is easy to do RAPID. CLEAN CUT LET-
TERING with our improved Ix^tterintt Pens. MANY STUDENTS ARE ENABLED TO CON-
HIJ. WAI TFR WINNEPFG.
YV/\L.Ii:.I\
,
222Porla«eAYenue
CAN.
TINUE THEIR STUDIES THROUGH THE COMPENSATION RECEIVED liY LETTERING WESTERN CANADA'S MASTER PENMAN
PRICE TICKETS AND SHOW CARDS, FOR THE SMALLER MERCHANT. OUTSIDE OF
SCHOOL HOURS. Practical lettering outfit consisting of 3 Marking and 3 Shading Pens, 1 Will sen<l you two pages of the finest com-
bination ornamental signatures, business
color of Lettering Ink, sample Show Card in colors, inslruclions. figures and alphabets
Drepaid
^ "
$1,00. PRACTICAL COMPENDIUM OF COMMERCIAL PEN LETTER- capitals, etc.. ever produced in Western
' -
JNO AND DESIGNS 100 Pages 8x11, contain- Canada $0.60
ing 122 plates of Commercial Pen alphabets Set of business capitals and a forgery
finished Show Cards in colors, etc. —
a complete proof signature of your name _ JO
Mark Catalogue free instructor for the Marking and Shading Pen, 3 dozen Visiting Cards _. 1.00
prepaid. One Dollar. Samples of Penwork _ _ .20
The Newton Automatic Shadinit Pen CoRipanT Dcpt. B PONTIAC, MICH., U. S. A. No Free Specimen*
;
*^i^^uJ/'/i^^^^(/iu^^f/h^ ^
mOM GRADE PRIVATE COMMERCIAL SCHOOLS
From June 1 to September 1. these are some of the better-known priva
schools that engaged our nominees; Morse Business College, Hartford. Conn.; Merrill Busi-
DIPLOMASa!^ ness College, Stamford. Conn.; Churchill School of Business. Cleveland. Ohio; New Castle.
Pa., Business College
Pa. ;
Mcintosh School. Dover. N. H. McCann School of Business. Reading.
;
;
;
Wood School. New York City Drake Business College, Jersey City, N. J. Scranton- ;
CERTiriCATES, Lackawanna Business College, Scranton, Pa. Bryant & Stratton College, Buffalo. N. Y.
May we help you ?
;
lunBii EichancB
Kansas Cit).
Rlilta Bl<e.
Ma.
ORNAMENTAL
CARDS 35c doz. LARGEST TEACHER PLACEMENT WORK IN THE U. S.
Blank Flourished Xmas Cards 35c per 100
Under One Management— Direction of E. E. Olp, 28 E. Jackson Blvd., Chicago.
FrSKTEACHERS AGENfY, 28 E. Jackson Blyd, Chicago. AHilated officer, in principal citie*.
NATIONAL TEACHERS AGENCY, Southern Bidg., Wa.hington; Security BIdg., Eyanffon, 111.
AMERICAN COLLEGE BUREAU, Chicago Temple, Chicago; 1254 Amsterdam Ave., NewYork.
NORTHWEST SCHOOL. Equipment and ca-
EDUCATION SERVICE, 1254 Amsterdam Ave., New York; 19 South laSalle Street, Chicago.
pacity for 100. Valu(^ of equipment $6,000.
Will sell for $3,000 cash, or $3,300 terms.
This will bear investigation.
Address Box 577. BUSINESS EDUCATOR. POSITIONS FOR TEACHERS-
Columbus, Ohio. BUSINESS COLLEGES FOR SALE
Splendid salaries, choice positions, beginning and experienced teachers wanted.
Write for free literature state qualifications briefly. Money making business
—Free Tuition
;
Home Study
colleges for sale.
Address M. S. COLE. Secy.
—
Write for particulars no charge.
32 ^ .^^^iOin^^^ti^iua^
(Continued from page 23)
^
Correspondents 19 58.2
6 11 12 19 6 66 49.5
Bank
Bank
clerks
3 3 3 11 14 46.8
tellers
Telephone oi>erators -
Telephone supervisors
— ..™ _—.™—
»—*-
13 10 3 13 52
16
52.1
59.2
Money order and postal savings clerks « 5 46.6
Stamp clerks .— 6 53.6
Registry clerks ~ 7 47.9
Printer pressmen
Printer compositors .
«
-..-
—
— — _— 29
11
49.5
47.2
Printer proofreaders —.„—..-. ..»...„. 4 45.8
Elementary teachers 17 20 23 18 14 11 125 68.8
Hig-h school teachers 17 23 19 30 17 156 49.9
University teachers „ — — 17 20 17 8 135 46.2
Totals - - « 52 98 210 237 316 281 265 224 154 77 39 21 7 2000 54.4
The occupational distribution of the scores of vocational ha
shown in Table VI. The average quality for each oecupati(
:iting. in steps of five, is
own in the extreme right
A RAPIDLY GROWING
hand vertical column, total figures at the bottom indicate the imber of all the specimens NEW SCHOOL
receiving quality score from 20 to 90, while the total score under erage quality in the lower
-right hand corner sho" that the average score of the 2.000 specinr ns of vocational handwrit-
j
titled"Fundamental Principles of Letter Writ- insurance in which the reader desires to in-
mercial banking system occupies a dominant In this edition technical, legal words have, NU-WAY SCHOOL OF ART, DEPT B.,
so far as possible, been replaced by simpler 176 Broadway Brooklyn. N. T.
position in the entire financial and business
structure. He goes further, and asserts that terminology condensed, elliptical expressions
;
^J^^uw:..-^
Gillott's Pens ARTIST PENMAN
The Most Perfect of Pens 501 Pleasant St. HAMMONTON, N. J.
No. 601 E. F. Magnum Quill Pen The pass word is "START RIGHT". Prepare
to drop a few shells into the enemy camp.
"Poor Writing". Execute a flank movement,
rout its raw recruits, and WIN. Freedom
Gillott's Pens stand in the front rank as rc- from bad writing habits may mean thousands
Eards Temper. Elasticity and Durability.
of dollars for the ambitious young man or
POLK'S REFERENCE BOOK
woman who believes in the BEST. LOOK FOR DIRECT MAIL ADVERTISERS
JOSEPH GILLOTT & SONS for it and WIN
you'll it. Shows how
Iho u.e of nirocl
to Inrrcago your
Mall Advorll<hii!.
busln
61
PERSONAL INSTRUCTION OR full iif vllnl bijalnc<< fads sn.l IlKUrcs. ^v^::
SOLD BY ALL STATIONERS LESSONS BY MAIL wlioro nnil hi'W many prosi.ecis you hu^i-.
Over 8,01)0 llnfS of bmlntss coviTwI.
Further information given on application. Write for your FUBE coiiy.
Alfred Field & Co., Inc., Sole AEenIs (No postal cards acknowledged)
R. L. POLK & CO., Delroil, Mich.
93 Chambers St. NEW YORK CITY
Terms reasonable. WRITE TODAY. 107 POLK BUILDING
(Watch for advertisement in the January llran,!,,. In i
,, :.,.l ,i'l. ..f V. .S.
^ f^J^uJ/zt^S'd^iii^iu^i/fr^ ^ 36
Stamp out
"HOW TO SELL"
The Money Makers' Magazine —"The Main En- TO TOUCH TYPEWRITING
Tuberculosis trance to Successful Selling."
and what to sell.
Tells how.
Puts you in touch with fast-
when
VIA GUIDE KEY CROWNS,
est selling lines and hundreds of reliable manu-
—
facturers many of whom require no previous
THE FAR BETTER WAY
Famous contributors "brass
with these experience.
tacks" departments interviews with successful
:
;
I
: : : :
PENMANSHIP SUPPLIES
Prices subject to change without notice. Cash should accompany all orders.
All goods go postpaid except those listed to go by express, you to pay express charges. Of
course, when cheaper, goods listed to go by express will be sent by parcel post, if you pay
charges.
PENS PAPERS
Zanerian Fine Writer Pen No. 1. Zanerian 5 lb Paper (wide and narrow rule)
1 gr $1.75 U gr $ .50 1 doz § .20 1 pkg. of 240 sheets by express $1.50
Zanerian Ideal Pen No. 2, Zanerian Medial
Pen No. 3, Zanerian .Standard Pen No. 4, Zanerian 6 lb Paper (wide and narrow rule)
1 pkg. of 240 sheets by e.xpress $2.00
Zanerian Falcon Pen No. 5, Zanerian Busi-
ness Pen No. 6. Zanerian 7 lb Paper (wide rule)
1 gr $1.25 1,4 gr $ .40 1 doz $ .15 1 pkg. of 240 sheets by express $2.25
Special prices in quantities. We also handle Zanerian Azure (Blue) Paper:
Gillott's, Hunt's, Spencerian and Esterbrook's 1 pkg. of 240 sheets by express $2.00
pens. Write for prices. Zaner Method No. 9 Paper (% in. rule, 8x10 Vi)
Broad Pointed Lettering Pens. 1 pkg. of 500 sheets, not prepaid $ .85
1 Complete set (12 pens) $0.35 100 sheets by mail postpaid 50
^2 doz. single pointed pens 15 Zaner Method No. 15 Paper (yg in. rule,
^i doz. double pointed pens 30 8x101/2):
1 doz. single pointed, any No 25 pkg. of 500 sheets, not prepaid
1 $1.50
1 doz. double pointed, anj- No 60
"-'
' 1j,!;ii;i,i!aS0f §|;ip^
'i^nlil*:il
I'^'ii M
ill k'i
1926
May the New Year greatly excel
the old by bririging a greater
adundance of Peace, Prosperity
and Happiness to all.
p"ii'"ii"ii
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Mil
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^^^Z^^^^.^.^.Z^^^-.^-r'
lidered Rood enoujrh
Write to Zaner & Bloser Company, Columbus, 0., for illustrated Certificate Circular,
.^^.^u^/ieJ^(a^/iu^i/h- ^
C. C.CANAN COLLECTION OF PENMANSHIP
THE late C. C. Canan was a penman HIGGINS
sons
of rare skill and
who were acquainted with his work
originality.
Mr. Canan was capable of writing. A its place in the HIGGINS' list as a
rompanion product to the well
volume well worth possessing and pre- known Eternal Black Ink.
Chicago
System of
Speller Bookkeeping
Over 6000 words. New lessons containing words pertaining You Will Like It. The text emphasizes the thought side of
to Aeroplanes. Radio. Automobiles, etc. Complete Index, 244 the subject. It stimulates and encourages the reasoning pow-
pages, attractive binding, 50 cents. er of the pupil. Pupils acquire a knowledge of the subject as
well as facility in the making of entries. It is a thoroughly
A Superior Speller seasoned, therefore accurate, text supported by complete
Teachers' Reference Books, and Teachers' Manual.
Twofold Design. In the preparation of the Metropolitan
Business Speller we had constantly in mind two objects: Parts I and II text is an elementary course suitable for
first, to teach the pupil to spell, and second to enlarge his any school in which the subject is taught. Two semesters
vocabulary, especially of words in general use. are required in High Schools and a correspondingly shorter
Words. As an aid to the memory we have
Classification of time in more intensified courses.
classified words, as regards sounds, syllabication, accents and
meaning. We
have grouped the words relating to each par- Parts III and IV text is suitable for an advanced course
cular kind of business into lessons, by which the student is following any modern elementary text. We make the state-
labled to familiarize himself with the vocabulary of that ment without hesitation, that this is the most teachable,
usiness. We
have interspersed miscellaneous exercises in most up-to-date, and strongest text published for advanced
le nature of reviews. We have grouped words that can best bookkeeping and elementary accounting use.
be learned by comparisons, such as Stationery and Stationary.
Corporation-Mfg. -Voucher unit is bound in heavy paper
Abbreviations of states, months, railways and commercial covers and contains all of Part IV. It is a complete course
erms are given in regular lesson form, and grouped alpha-
in Corporation accounting including instructions, set of
We regard abbreviating of almost equal impor-
betically.
transactions, exercises, problems, etc. It is without doubt
ance with spelling.
the best text for this part of your accounting course. List
Syllabication and pronunciation are shown by the proper prices. Text, 120 pages, 40 cents. Supplies, including Blank
division of words, and the use of the diacritical marks. The Books and Papers, 95 cents.
words are printed in bold type, and the definitions in lighter
ace. so as to bring out the appearance of the word.— an aid
n sight spelling. EXAMINATION COPIES will be submitted upon request.
The length is eight inches and the holder is highly pleasing in gracefulness of curve and in shapeliness
—
of design, as well as in color effect the blending of red, yellow and dark woods with the whiteness of
ivory. It is made of redwood, boxwood, celluloid, and ebony, all jointed harmoniously and given a
finish such as only an experienced and painstaking woodworker could give it. In appearance and feeling
to the hand nothing further could be desired in a penholder.
The holder is hand-turned by one who possesses the old-time craftsman's pride in his work, and who
aims at peifection rather than at quantity in production.
It is known that this penholder greatly encourages poor penmen to practice and improve their hand-
writing, while good penmen are so delighted with it that they cause John Hancock's reputation to suffer.
Many have pronounced it to be the most beautiful and perfect penholder ever manufactured.
It is not the result of a moment's fancy, but a development by one who has made a st.udy of penholders
and of penholder manufacture for a period covering many years.
Any one of either sex, whether old or young, will surely appreciate an attractive and serviceable writing
in.strument like a Zanerian Fine Art Straight Penholder.
When ordering please mention the exact name, for we manufacture many kinds of penholders.
Price, postpaid, 1.00. Sent in an appropriate wooden box, 15c extra.
Penmanship
ZANER & BLOSER COMPANY
Columbus, Ohio
Specialists
d^ f^J^^u^'/t^M^d^/iu^i^^
tarial course.
Their use will assure stenographers and secretaries equipped for sat-
isfactory and efficient service.
ACTUAL BUSINESS (with oflfices) Complete in Fifty Lessons. Each lesson is divided into four
FOLDER (like above, without offices) exercises. 108 pp.. $1.00; cloth $1.25.
CORRESPONDENCE
Advance Typewriting and
For High Schools, Business Schools or any institution
teaching Bookkeeping. Text and outfit sent to teachers for Office Training
examination. Mention school connection.
New Enlarged Edition, 155 pat^es. 60c.
<^an Said:- every line bears the impress of complete mastery of the sub-
ject. We congratulate Mr. Johnston on having produced a
work at once original and complete." The Athenaeum. —
little prejudiced we strongly recommend the A Practical Guide to Ticket and Show Card
Writinf?, Sign Writing and other form.- of Decora-
tive Lettering.
VOLUME 31 NUMBER 5
jPrecepts, Advice and Reso- integrity of character. To care for You are also to consider, to inven-
the body and keep it in health, you tory, your value or worth to self and
lutions to Remember and must live in accordance with the to mankind. This value, remember,
Heed During 1926 teachings of physiology, hygiene and
sanitation and give special attention
depends upon the health and the
strength of your body, the size and
to diet. shape of your brain, tlie strength and
Remember that: culture of your mind, the purity of
GREETINGS FROM THE NEW "Faults in the life breed errors an your moral character, your courtesy
YEAR the brain, of manners, your respect for women,
iGood morning, dear! I'm the New And these reciprocally those and your service in behalf of man-
again. kind.
Year;
And I'm yours to use or to abuse; The mind and conduct mutually You should live by the precepts of
imprint, the Golden Rule, not by the Rule of
My every day and liour are in your And stamp their image in each Gold.
power other's mint." (Continued on page 19)
And all the peace and strife,
Of my whole life are yours
—
For good or ill as you will
For I'm your New Year: Guard me
well, dear!
— Frederic A. Whiting.
SUBSCRIPTION PRICE, S1.25 A YEAR The Business Educator is the best medium
THE BUSINESS EDUCATOR To Canada. 10c more; foreign. 20c more)
I
through which to reach business college priw
Published monthly lexcept July and Augiast) Single copy. 15c.
prietors and managers, commercial teachen
By THE ZANER-BLOSER CO.. Change of address should be requested
612 N. Park St.. Columbus, O. promptly in advance, if possible, giving the old and students, and lovers of penmanship. Copy
E. W. B LOSER Editor as well as the new address. must reach our office by the 10th of the mont^
E. A. LUPFER - - - . Managing Editor Advertising rates furnished upon request. for the issue of the following month.
^ f^J^giJ//ie^d^i/lU^^/^ ^
I am sending you my best wishes for both a prosperous and happy New Year. May it bring you success in
your penmanship work especially! I am hoping to find that a large number of students have acquired considerable
skill in writing from practice on the copies I have written for the "B. E."
—
All good penmanship is characterized by uniformity in three things size, slant and spacing. Concentrate on
the work before you, and criticise unmercifully every letter or word you write. That, with good movement, will
ultimately spell success. Anything that is worth having is worth striving for. Surely good penmanship is worth
having ?
(a) —
"r" Here is another style of small "r" which many penmen use a great deal. It is probably more easily
made. Certainly it is much speedier. The first part is like the first part of n, followed by a straight up stroke,
ending in a tick or dot similar to that in w, v or b. The connected exercise is a good one for movement, control and
for lateral movement. Do your very best on it. Try to keep the letters in alignment in the columns. This letter
may be used initially, medially or finally.
—
(b) I have given some drills here showing where it is customary to use this style of r. It should be used after
all top- joining letters, such as w, v, b, and may be used after any letter.
The final r used in runner, etc, is made exactly like the n, the ending stroke being a short right cui-ve never
higher than the first part.
These copies provide excellent drills for movement and speed. Make pages of each separate combination.
—
Capital I Many people apparently find this letter very difficult. Probably it is an application of the old
maxim that "Familiarity breeds contempt." It is used so fretjuently that we get careless in its use. It is a direct
growth from the right oval. Keep the two loops as nearly as possible the same width. Try, also, to have the three
lines meet at a point. Do not begin too far below the line; and endeavor to join the Ito the succeeding small let-
ter. Watch the slant, and use good speed.
—
Capital J This letter is very similar to the preceding one, although the upper loop is both longer and there-
fore wider. In the J, th« loop begins at the base line. Keep the downstroke straight for about two-thirds of its
whole length. The lower loop is shorter and narrower than the upper one. Round out the top and bottom nicely.
Practice diligently on this letter. Owing to the oval movement in it there is a tendency to make it with too much
curve. Others go to the opposite extreme and make it to straight, with angles at the top and bottom.
—
Capital P With this letter we begin another group. It is made from the straight line exercise and a right oval.
Notice the oval part carefully. It is slightly more than half the height of the whole letter, and is flatter than the
usual oval. It is quite similar to a small d upside down. The first part is usually a trifle lower than the oval.
Do not lift your pen in making it, but strive hard to make your hand do what your head tells it. The words are
purposely getting harder. That means harder work for you.
/9/0^/Op^^p^/0/o/op/o/:P/0
—
Capital R This letter is a P with just one stroke, a compound curve added. Be sure the little connective loop
touches the straight stroke, and notice —
its slant upwards to the left. Do not lift your pen in making the "R."
Finish it just below the line. Be positive, in the words, that you do not commence the initial stroke of the first
small letter through the final stroke of the capital. Such a crossing tends to illegibility, and detracts from the
neatness.
^^^PP^/?^/P^
—
Capital B It is merely a P with an added right oval. Notice particularly the size and direction of the small
connective loop. It is slightly slanted upwards to the left, and the bottom part of it rests on a line half the height
of the letter. Be careful to make it the right width.
/y::^?—Z7—Tt^/Zc^^Z^^^^-^J-^-^-^:^ /'::^^^^-i^-'€Z^-->^-t^^2''/t7-'?-Z^/'^^ZZ^^
Capial T — Here we have another group of letters arising out of the similarity of the main stroke. Practice the
figure eight exercise. Notice the compound curve in the downstroke. The top is the beginning loop of the capital
stem followed by a compound curve. The stem should be as far away from the oval as it is from the compound
curve. Try to get the hook the correct direction. I have made the words longer so that you may acquire skill in
your lateral movement.
I trust you are sitting correctly, using good movement and speed, and trying to be neat and systematic in your
work.
—
Capital "F" The only difference between this letter and T is that the hook crosses the main stroke and e.nds
in a tick. If you mastered the former letter you will have no difficulty in mastering this one. Concentrate your
will-power and your nerve centers ought to respond, and you will be astonished how much more you can accomplish
in a short time.
Capital L — Begin the letter a little more than one-half way up, so that the crossing occurs midway between the
ends of the loops. The lower loop is flat, as it is in the Q. The second form may require more practice than the first.
Examine it carefully. It is the same top as we used in one form of C and E.
—
Capital S It is quite similar to L. The bottom is an oval like that in the T or F ending in a hook too. See
that the crossing occurs half way between the end of the upper loop and the oval part. Do your best on the words,
paying special attention to size, slant and spacing.
MILLS' INSTRUCTIONS
Now that the advanced copies are given, no one who desires to learn to write well can afford to become carel.
regarding the position of the body or pen. It is a good plan for the student to frequently refer to illustrati.
showing correct position. You should look after this matter of position very carefully during every wi-iting le.^.-i^'i
.
Sometimes in doing the class of work presented this month we become interested in our work to such an extent
that the movement becomes cramped and the muscles of the arm are drawn up to a high tension. This is decidedly
wrong. The muscles should be kept in a rela.xed condition as much as possible. Of course in doing our best work
there is always more or less of a tension on the muscles in order to give control over the movement, but the tend-
ency is to draw the muscles up too much. This is just the reason why many who try to do their best succeed in
doing their worst work.
All the copies in this lesson should be arranged as near like the engravings as possible. Try to have each paye
present a neat appearance, but keep up the free arm movement. Endeavor to keep the correct n^ental picture of
these forms in your mind's eye. We
must think good writing. It is a mistake to turn the arm loose on these copies
without using your intelligence in directing the motions of the ami and hand.
^~2.(?^.'
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A^j'ty:
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PLATE 30
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9
12 ^ t^^^/Ki/7/^S^^d^i5«K^
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Vs usual Mr. Lisler has prepare*! a beautiful pane for sluilenls to practice friiin and stucl.i
^ ^!^^^u^'/i^^^4/iu^a^?^ ^ IS
The Broad Pen Roman is a very practical letter. It is intensely legible. Nearly every letter requires some re-
touching with the fine pen. Imitate Roman forms as well as you can with the broad pen and then round out the
intersections and ends of strokes to give a graceful appearance. Broad Pen Roman is not so easy as its ap-
pearance may lead you to believe, but it is well worth some careful study and practice. It will look best when
made with the smaller sized pens.
abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz
ABCDIFGHIJKLMMNOPP
QRSTUVWWWXYZ AJTUZ
V T3road Pen Roman .-.
Teachers and Students urged to assist in collecting material for this page
rho are subscribers to the B. E. may free criticism when working on the lesson in the B. E. Send
Below are the signatures which we have selected for the Students' Page. We will let you deciile wliich one is
the best. Each one of the students, whose name appears below, will receive a penholder.
Students who feel that they can write better than this group of students should send in their signatures now
for may be that we will publish another group.
it
In preparing signatures or any work for the Students' Page be sure to use black ink, getting a firm strong line.
So many goodsignatures could not be engraved because of blue ink and poor lines. Some students on the other
hand used ink which was so thick that their writing looked rather drawn and labored.
Weare pleased to see so many take part in the contest but were sorry that we could not reproduce more of the
good signatures. Keep on working and you will succeed.
^^yuci^^^f^^^^ i^
ThU showi the high quality of work bcint done by The Catholic Institute, Jersey City, N. J.
^ ^^^f3^uJ//i^^^d(ua^?^ ^
VISION
Three stone cutters were driving
their chisels into a massive block of
granite. A
stranger, in passing, in-
quired of the first man what he was
doing.
"I'm cutting stone," growled the
laborer.
"And what are you doing?" he asked
the second.
"I'm working for $7.50 a day," he
replied.
The third man was asked the same
question, and looking up, with a flash
of earnestness, he quietly answered:
"I'm helping to build a cathedral."
— The Barometer.
^
' . / ,' . .--7 '^ '/7 / .^y ; ^
^
' ' "^^^J
.^/^tX^,-.- . - - -yj'
'
, -
---t&c-^-'-c^
-
-
4 - -' -Z^-^^., ,' •,-:.'-..-^....:^.- '^-'-'O- i . - -^^ /:- '-^-^jC^i^OO ^ _^^r:^Cc^of: .'-Ue^:V^ f
The above stanza of "Looking on the Bright Side" was written by Mary Moore, a student in the Berea, Ky., College, under the direction of
I. H. Long. We consider this a very fine specimen for a pupil. How many can do as well? Let us see your efforts.
Masterful ornamental signatures by C. C. Can vho was one of the finest penmen Ai
16 ^ f^Jr^uJ//i^^^i(^^iua/ir^ ^
Ornamental Penmanship
By H. L. DARNER, Daquesne University, Pittsburgh, Pa.
/
1^ / 2= i^^^':^..'6'e^^z-^;!^^t)i>en.<^iyy^
'^y>'2'-g'-1^Z^^<Z>o4.^('^>'>-Z^...-^^^
/.^4^^U-£.J^ Cl^^^:>t^'-?<>''2^J-e-i'V--i'i'^^
0^ ^^^^3^uJ//i^S/(^^i/iua/f?^ ^ 17
Not all the pupils in a class can u.se The large number enrolled in the.se in the mountains where things are
the same kind of a pen. Unless a penmanship classes encouraged Supt. going beautifully, I have but one
pupil has a light touch, he should not Eleazer to offer courses in the other blackboard, but the children rarely use
use our No. 17 or No. 1000 pen. Our subjects. Full credit for work taken it, and notwithstanding Supt. Mc
No. C40 is the coarse pen and .should at the Study Center will be given to Andrew's alluring suggestion, I don't
be used by pupils who have rather a the teachers attending. think paint it pink.
I'll Maybe I
heavy touch. We congratulate Mr. H. M. Hill and might, was teaching around State
if I
Urge vour pupils to watch the slant County Superintendent Eleazer on and Thirty-fifth in Chicago, or down
their forward step. in the "black belt" of Alabama
of their work at all times. It is one
^ .^^.^U^/t^d^^^/fU^l/^/- S
A DEVICE FOR MAKING dition rise.
ARM MOVEMENT EASY AND Act well your part, there all the
KEEPING HAND OFF SIDE honor lies."
"Take the pen or pencil in the usual Remember, that the world was not
—
way between thumb, first and second made for you alone. The shining
fingers. Do not draw third and fourth
wheels of the firmament, the refresh-
fingers under the hand but keep them
ing rain, the cooling breeze, the smiles
out so the end of these two fingers
of angels and the love of God are for
glide on the paper instead of nail. all mankind without regard to wealth
1 Keep all four fingers together. Round or creed.
all fingers to match the first. Just
Be tolerant, altruistic and never
• insist that the end of the third and
miss an opportunity of giving pleas-
fourth fingers rest on the end and rub ure; of placing a smile upon the face
the paper. Pupils will soon discover
and joy in the heart of all with whom
the secret of using the muscles. We you come in contact, and thus you will
are using this way of holding pen and
live
pencil."
The above quoted from a bulletin
is "For the heaven that smiles above you,
to teachers prepared by J. H. Bach- For the human ties that bind you.
tenkircher, Director of Handwriting, For the ta.sk that God assigned you,
Lafayette, Ind., who states that he has And the good that you can do."
found this device very helpful.
Supplemental to the foregoing ad-
vice, you should subscribe to the fol-
PRECEPTS, ADVICE, ETC. lowing code of action:
(Continued from page 7) Know All Men By These Presents,
Beware of the enemy who is daily That for the good of myself, my fu-
reducing your physical and mental ture family, my country and mankind,
qualities. That enemy is he or she I make the following declaration of
who wears your hat and walks in your principle? and code of action: W. J. ELLIOT OF TORONTO
shoes, and who disregards the laws of FIRST, That during the year 1926, SUMMONED BY DEATH
hygiene and dietetics. and thereafter, I will be industrious,
Be a regular patron of the library temperate, truthful, honest, honorable, Through our old friend, E. J. Kneitl,
and in your general library and home tolerant and altruistic. of Stratford, Ont., we learn of the
reading, include Astronomy, Geology, SECOND, That during the year death of William J. Elliot, proprietor
Physiology, Biology and Phrenology. 1926, and thereafter, I will be cour-
As advised by Longfellow, teous and kind to all, rich and poor, of the Elliot Business College, Tor-
high and low. onto, and formerly proprietor of the
"Study yourselves, and most of THIRD, That during the year 1926, Central Business College of Stratford.
all note well. and thereafter, I will do all I can to The cause of his death was heart
Wherein kind nature invites you equip myself for the battle of life, and
trouble.
to excel." to prepare for the great duties of a
noble citizen and a loving, just and Mr. Elliot was formerly a joint
Strive for the welfare of your coun- affectionate parent. proprietor of the Central Business
try and for universal peace among FOURTH, That during
the year College with Mr. W. H. Shaw, pres-
the rations of the earth. Foi' that — 1926, and thereafter, I will not use to-
bacco, wine, liquor, coffee or tea. Thus
ident of the Shaw Colleges. Mr.
peace Elliot was well known by the business
I can say in truth, I am healthy and college fraternity of this country, as
"When the war drums shall throb happy as happy can be, because I use well as in Canada, and undoubtedly
no longer, and the battle no tobacco, liquor, coffee or tea. was one of the foremost commercial
flags be furled, FIFTH, That during the year 1926, educators of our time. His death is
In the parliament of man and the and thereafter, I will not be apathetic a distinct loss to the cause for which
federation of the world." or indifferent to the evil habits, the he labored. Part of his early busi-
vice and the crime, the immodest fash- ness experience was in the United
By heedingthese admonitions you ion and folly, that exist throughout States at Fort Wayne, Ind. But in
will increase the physical, mental, the nation, and which menace the 1904 he returned to his native country
moral and citizenship worth of your morals and welfare of mankind. and took permanent residence in
—
future wife's husband or your future SIXTH, That during the year 1926, Toronto.
husband's wife, as the case may be, and thereafter, I will strive most He was not an old man, having been
and will have better bodies and minds; strenuously, to be worthy of the re- but sixty-three at his death. At one
and with these better qualities you spect and esteem of all honorable men time he was one of Canada's finest
will have better thoughts, reason, and women. penmen. For many years past The
i
judgment and action; and hence will SEVENTH, This article is espe- Business Educator has received letters
be better citizens and better gov- cially for the young men who are to from Mr. Elliot and as we write this
ernors, when elected to that office. promise and act as follows: notice his signature, as he signed it
And thus you will be more respected When I am of proper age, of good to his letters, comes to mind almost
and esteemed as you advance along health of body and mind and charac- as clearly as if another letter from
life's thorny road and play your part ter, I will insure my life, and offer my
him lay before us on our desk.
in the drama of humanity. heart, head, hand, virtues and love to
In connection with the foi'egoing, some worthy young lady to whom I
you are to obey the Divine command will be a true and loving husband, if G. C. Greene of Goldey College, Wil-
to eat your bread by the sweat of your she consents to become the queen of mington, Del., in sending the BUSI-
face; to pay your taxes and vote in- my home. NESS EDUCATOR a large list of sub-
telligently. scriptions states that the interest in
Young Men and Young Women: penmanship in that institution this
"Count that day lost whose low- Live in accordance with these Reso- year is very keen and that they are
descending sun, lutions and the foregoing advice and getting good results. Goldey College
Views from thy hand no worthy whether successful or unsuccessful, is a very large and thorough Business
action done." you will merit the plaudits of mankind College.
Forget not that and enjoy the consolation that fol- Out of this large club we hope to
"Honor and shame from no con- lows a faithful performance of duty. see many certificate winners.
20 ^ f^J^3BuJ//i^ii^<^<fi^!fu^i^h^
FAMOUS LETTERS
BY FAMOUS PENMEN
lis series we have some of the most skillful letters ever writte
^-^^^^.-g^iC^/^y/^/y/ry^^ ./!^C^
A. H. Hinman ranked amonK the very finest penmen of forty or fifty years aeo. While he ulil write other slylt
cessfully the one shown above with shaded downstrolccs was a favorite with him.
It will pay any one who desires to acquire a fine command of the pen to practice this style for a t
the downstrolics to a greater extent than other styles do and mastering It will aid in training the
After admiring the penmanship do not fail to carefully rend the letter and think of the hospitable and fraternal spirit that
the writer of it possessed.
i^ ^^Jf-^uJ/'/i^^^X^^/iu^^i/h-
some important implications for the to keep in mind the outline mentioned In tke words of Hashimura Togoj
teacher. in the first article, and to a.sk him- "I inquire to know."
self when before a class, "What am I
First, What do we mean by teach-
teaching now ? Is this that I am
ing form ? I would answer, We mean ILLUMINATED ALBU.M
securing in the mind of the child a doing calculated to teach the forms
better concept of the forms of the let- of the letters, or to teach the tech- A seven page album has been re-
nique of writing, or to arouse interest ceived from E. H. McGhee, the en-
ters than he would have if he did not
in improvement?" For instance, why grosser of Trenton, N. J.
have a teacher. Merely teaching the
do I count ? Perhaps the most im- The pages are illuminated in mag-
child to read script would result in his
portant reason is to secure proper nificent, harmonious colors and each
having some conception of the forms
of the letters; but it is possible to do speed and movement Why do I write page is a little different, making the
Forms on the blackboard ? Principally to book most attractive and harmonious.
for him much more than that
may be taught by such devices as show the forms of the letters. Why This was one of the rarest treats we
making them large, presenting them do I use the phonograph ? To inter- have had for some time, and it is in-
in groups, by class discussions, and
est the pupils in their own improve- deed a pleasure to announce that six
The technique of teaching ment. And so for every teaching act. of these pages will appear in THE
the like.
mental concepts, as of a word in read- Unless I am helping the pupils to BUSINESS EDUCATOR. It is
ing, or a picture, or an object in na- learn the forms of the letters, or to gretable that you will not be able to
ture, or a script letter, is fairly well write in the correct manner, or to take see and enjoy the exquisite color work
understood. The best methods that greater interest in their own improve- which cannot be reproduced. However
educational psychology can give the ment, I am not teaching them to you will be able to get a good idea of
teacher should be used in teaching the write. And since pupils learn through the high quality of work Mr. McGliee
forms of the letters to children. their own activity, I must make sure is doing.
^ ,^M^^u^'/i^U^<^i/iu^i/^ 23
WRITING POSTURE
Our readers last month enjoyed the song on
Department of Research in Handwriting Writing Posture, written by Miss M. Katherine
Bell, of the Junior High School of Zanesville.
•iting Suney To Deter Finishing Standards for the
Ohio, so much that we are offering another
Philatlolphia Pu rioem on Writing Posture this month. Pos-
ture in handwriting is very important and so
is music instruction. It follows that the co-
QUALITY ON AYKES HANDWRITING SCALE Never let the wrist touch paper,
Chart VII. Distribution of the scores of the 2.000 scecimens of vocational handwriting. Rest on muscle, glide on nails,
Chart VII shows that quality .50 is the most common with the specimens tending to de- He who gets a good arm movement.
rease almost symmetrically from this point to quality 20 on the one side and quality 90 on In his writing never fails.
jhe other. The average quality for all of the specimens is 54.4. It is evident that this would
te too low a standard to set when we consider that more than one-half of the specimens were
ated at 55 and above. Furthermore, an average standard, as previously stated, would mean Paper at the proper angle,
that many pupils would be writing far below the vocational demand. A further inspection of Pens held at the proper slant,
he chart will show that quality 70 embraces the highest large group and that almost 15% of All these things we do in writing.
he specimens were rated at this quality and above. Furthermore, we were repeatedly informed
ly business men that the handwriting of many of their employees was not satisfactory, but that Careful habits will implant.
hey were retained in spite of their poor writing because of other good qualities which they
lossessed. or because it was impossible to get other qualified employees who could write better
o take their places. It appears, therefore, that the presence of persons in different vocations
Now start writing all together.
3 not absolute proof that their handwriting is sufficient for their particular vocations. For Free and graceful, to and fro.
urther light on this subject let us consider the answers to a questionnaire which was submit- Watch beginnings, watch your end-
ed to business executives. A copy of the questionnaire follows ings.
Handwriting Survey —Questionnaire Form your letters all just so.
ompany
lame .-.. Keep on working, keep on trying.
cial Position
And observe the proper slant.
1. What degree of handwriting do you demand? (Exhibit the Ayres Sc note the
When you win success for Zaner,
Quality which is designated.) Certificates to you he'll grant.
2. What degree of importance do you attach to good writing?
3. To what extent is handwriting used in your business ?
4. Is speed in writing an important consideration? Miss Kathleen Wheatley of Rhodes-
Should it be Rapid Moderate Slow dale, Md., is teaching commercial
5. To what extent is pen and ink used in your business? work in the Cheriton, Va., High School.
Pencil?
Thirty questionnaires were filled out by executi^ question No.
>een tabulated and the average is as follows Miss Mary R. Bull of Albany, N. Y.,
Accounting Dept 72 Retail sales clerks is a new commercial teacher in the
A^aybilling and tracing 75 Hand addressers Albany Business College.
'ostoffice clerks 70 Telephone operators and supervisors-
General clerks 65 Shipping and receiving clerks. ..„ Mr. Walter D. Murphy of Everett,
Stock Dept 60 Messengers
'actory - - 50 Mass., a recent graduate of Salem,.
itudy of Table VI will show that the last three groups are the only ones writing at the Mass., State Normal School, is teach-
luality required by their employers. The average quality demanded of the first four groups^ ino; commercial work in Wood's Bus-
strictly commercial —
is around 70. There seems to be a wide gap between what the iness School, Brooklyn, N. Y.
vorld demands in the way of handwriting and what it actually gets. The handwriting
lone in social correspondence was also found to fall short of the social need. It is plainly the
iuty of the schools to so train the boys and girls that this condifion shall cease to exist. The
luestion of the permanency of the writing habit is apropos at this time, since it would have POPULAR WRITING
important bearing upon the standard to be reached in school. The writer has in his pos- SUPERVISOR WEDS
lession many specimens of handwriting written by pupils when they had finished school, and
)ther specimens written by these same persons many years later. In some cases they had been We
have just received an announce-
writing more or less since leaving school, and in other cases very little. These specimens prove ment of the marriage of Miss Audrey
;hat not only had the skill in writing not deteriorated but in many cases there had been on
ictual gain. Coordinations once established are never lost. One may be somewhat out of prac- Vesta Douglas to Mr. Robert William
'ice as in skating, piano playing, riding a bicycle, etc.. but this condition ly temporary and.
: Reid on Wednesday, November 25.
that the skill returns with the will to do. Of course, if a pers( is physically infirm
Mr. and Mrs. Reid will be at home,
3r at an age when devolution is asserting itself this does not hold good From the foregoing
facts, it would appear that it is not necessai^y to overtrain in order ti safeguard the pupil 315 Spring Street, Hamlet, North
against a later deterioration or loss of skill. Carolina.
Reasonable and Adequate Standard of Quality of Handwriting for Vocational Purposes Mrs. Reid has had much experience
After a consideration of the judgments of business men as brought out in the questionnaire in teaching and supervising hand-
and the vocational averages and range of scores of the less strictly commercial groups as showi writing, and for the last couple of
In Table VI. one would conclude that quality 60. the standard for social correspondence, is suf
ftcient for these vocations, including teachers of subjects other than commerce in high school
years she has been the North Carolina
and universities. (It would seem absurd not to expect teachers of commerce in high schools an' Representative for the Zaner-Bloser
universities to write as well as the standard required of their pupils.) Again, consulting th<
iiuestionnaires and the fact that Table VI shows quality 70 to be the highest large group
Company. THE BUSINESS ED-
)re than 16^^ of the strictly commercial groups writing at this quality and above, it would
,th
UCATOR joins in wishing Mr. ancf
(Continued on Page 32) Mrs. Reid much happiness.
24
*^^^uJ/neM^<^4/iu^ii^ ^
ville newspaper commented most fa-
vorably on the growth of the institu-
tion, which necessitated the acquisi-
Public School Handwriting tion of much additional space.
(A Comprehensive Bird's-eye View of Handwriting by a Normal School Teache We have asked Mr. Clark to briefly
By E. F. EOEL. Norlhern Illinois Slate Teachers' College, DeKalb, III. inform the readers of the B. E. how
he has accomplished such enviable
results in conducting his institution
(Continued from December)
Undoubtedly his story which follows
matter to make figures resembling will prove of interest to commercial
First and Second Grades cats, snowmen, dogs, butterflies, owls,
In the first grarle the foundation school people generally!
etc. The idea is to connect with im- "This has been the busiest Septem-
for good handwriting- must be well mediate interest so that their work in
established in order to make the prog- ber we have ever experienced," writes
handwriting is not segregated.
ress of the child continuous through- Mr. Clark.
Practice should be given on the nu-
out the grades. The first grade should merical figures, the capital and small
At the September Opening every
give opportunity for free expression seat was taken and each week since
letters that are necessary for imme-
of movement and muscular control by diate use only. Drill also upon the
we have had to make additional room,
requiring the practice of large forms install additional tables, chairs, mach-
difl'erent combinations of letters such
upon the blackboard and paper. ines, etc., and at this writing every
as, wi, oy, bo, ad, br, vo, oe, om, on,
Standing position at the blackboard seat is filled, with more equipment
ve, etc., are important. Colored chalk
is important. The body should be erect and crayolas help to make the writing ordered.
and at easy arms distance from the period interesting. The ruling,' of the
To give you an idea of the rate at
blackboard to give freedom of motion blackboards in the primary grades, is which we are growing, our enrollment
and to allow the child to see his work is now three times the size it was
very helpful. The lines .should be
as it progresses. The chalk should be niled four to five inches apart using 18 months ago.
of half length and held firmly, yet marking pens and black India ink. Mr. J. L. Harmon of Bowling Green,
easily, between the thumb, fir.st and About twenty minutes a day should Ky., summed us up as follows:
second fingers, pointing to the palm. be devoted to writing. Ten minutes 'Mr Clark you do not seem to be one
It should be turned frequently, so that of this time may be given in the to do a lot of howling and blowing,
the point will be woni the same all morning for the study and practice but are going ahead and doing things.'
around The left hand should hold of letter and word combination, and We -Vre Growing Without
the eraser behind the back, but should ten minutes in the afternoon for sen-
be used only when the work is fin-
Advertising. How?
tence practice, which may be regarded
ished. Erasing parts of words for as the beginning of written language
We employ four times as many
correction is a bad habit. teachers as many think necessary.
The second grade work should be a
The beginning work should contain continuation of the first grade. By
We are teaching our "10 Page"
rhythmic movements that involve the Shorthand. Every graduate writes 45
the middle of the second year children
strokes used in writing. These move- should be able to know and make all
words a minute faster than is required
inents should be an expression of an for graduation in many other schools,
the capital and small letters. The
idea. For example, the pupil may so far as w-e have been able to learn.
words should gradually become more
make the "hill" down which Jack and difficult and the pupils should be able
The simplicity and ease of learning
Jill fell. This may be done by going to write freely all the words they can
our shorthand is such that our Grad-
up and down the "hill" with the chalk spell.
uates 'Read every word. Accurately',
in rhythmic time as the Mother Goose The half of the second year
last
and turn in the transcript 'Without
rhyme is being recited. Other rhymes should be devoted largely to paper Error'. •
to use in this connection are "To Mar- practice. Position should be carefully Many business Executives have in-
ket To Market", "Hippity Hop", "Jack studied and practiced, using a small formed us that 'We have made it a
Be Nimble", etc. sized, wide ruled paper and a pencil rule when wanting an efficient office
worker to call THE CLARK SCHOOL.
'
The early grades should also prac- that is medium soft. The paper and
tice the simple six count direct oval pencil should be properly placed. From Long ago we learned that in the
and push and pull movement about the beginning the teacher should al- early hours of the day the mind is
five inches high. This exercise should ways insist upon correct sitting posi- more receptive and the students learn
be practiced until the entire class is tion and placement of paper and more rapidly. We, therefore, call
able to swing it in unison with the pencil. school at 8 A. M. and by intensive
teacher's count and understand clear- The work now should follow closely training, every student works until
ly the direction given. From this ex- the language work of the grade. Mo- 12:30, and goes home for the day.
ercise the children can swing into the tivation is easily secured through the Another strong feature in mn
small letters i, u, e, .s, w. t and r and writing of short stories, invitations course is short cuts in figures. Tin-
'
then can write the words it, tie, sit, for parties, riddles, is a regular 'Lightning Calculatoi'
etc. Children
set, see, wet, wit, sew, etc. Then thev should be encouraged to write a large Methods, brought up to date so as lo
can put in the small letter I, b, h, f, free hand rather than one that is meet every day figuring, makitii: "'
and construct other words. All of cramped and small. A free progres- figures' figure that which takes tin
these letters and words come from the sive motion must be kept constantly average person '30 seconds' to figiif
direct oval and should be practiced in mind, and pupils should be taught We Train Our Own Teachers
often to develop a free progressive that good position, light lines, and We have made it a practice to s' <
motion. Then it is best to start the neat work will win a pen for them in ure the very best teachers. In f.a i
indirect oval from which can be con- the third grade. we train our own teachers by takiiL'
structed the small letters m, n, v, o, a, them riirht through the course, as stu
c, K, y, z, etc ,combining them with CLARK SCHOOL IS PROSPKROUS dents, drilling them thoroughly, just
the words and letters already prac- Some years ago fate decreed that the way we want the students trained,
ticed. Fvom these words sentences Miss Clara Ashton and Mr. P. W. and in this way we get just what we
can be constructed which involve the Clark should attend the Zanerian Col- want.
strokes that are easiest for the child. lege of Penmanship at the same time You will notice how we are putting
In order to make the work interesting and that thereafter they should trod into practice the careful, exacting
antl full of meaning for the children life's path together as Mr. and Mrs. principles we found in use in tlie
practice may be given on the words Clark. ZANERIAN while Mrs. Clark an<l I
and sentences of the difTerent sea'^ons Now these two congenial and enter- were students under your care.
such as: Merry Christ in.is, Happy Ras- prising spirits are achieving note- We have purchased the buildintr
ter, winter, .spring, names of trees, worthy success in conducting the adjoining us so that when the scliool
birds and flowers. From the dilTerent Clark School of Business in Louisville, outgrows the present building we will
movement drills it is a very simple Ky. A recent issue of a local Louis- have more room to expand.
^^J^uUn^ii^^^i(/iua/^ ^ 26
P. A. WESTROPE
P. A. Westrope of Denver, Colo., is
a remarkable penman for a man of his
age, sixty-eight years. His flourished
specimen on this page shows a very
strong, steady line. Some few years
ago we had the pleasure of meeting
Mr. Westrope, and found him not only
an enthusiastic penman but an enthu-
siastic advocate of physical training.
No doubt the strong, steady nerves
which he possesses are due to his
careful way of living.
Mr. Westrope taught penmanship
many years ago, and while he is not
actively engaged in penmanship at
the present time he still keeps in touch
with penmen through THE BUS-
INESS EDUCATOR.
Mr. Westrope has a brother, N. S.
Westrope, Syracuse, N. Y., who is a
fine penman. In fact, he is possibly
the most skillful left-handed penman
in the business today. Mr. Westrope
is happily married and has one grown
daughter.
26 ^ ,^/i^r38uJ//i^U<^^/iu^i/fr- ^
Signatures of Penmen and Teachers of Penmanship
Send your sienaturc written in black ink, or better, a cut of your aignature for this page, which will contain plain and fancy aigna-
torea of men and women who are devoting their time and efforts to better penmanship.
One of F. B. Courtney's Famous "Twiste Portland, Ore., one of America's Finest Penmen.
A Skillful Kngro.Hor of Newark, N. J. Youngntown, Ohio, a Well Kno Penman and Teacher
The fineMi tribute we can pay the above penmen is to request more work for our culunins.
(^ f^^r^U^'/l£ii^(^^/iU^l^J 27
r\H5:
aunt i?f trrrfittrsr "f
£?-
14.<l:fw }fat*ti hi* tvjihAVat A\ii Hir.'ajih Hw Fubli^ S'zhcAi .+' ^poluIru.UL]»ktR^bm.an^ ri^in^ H;>.-t><:c he
I dlru»•aa^c^fr.nn^bcUmycm^t^^4'uJi!>.^v'l!/lnalJ.''a»•hcctv.>^hc Di^rci'i^Uvfrical «£Tij(i««cr."
|^fhcrcafVci-a9*.viaKnjihin3*clKu>iHioari?uni3<iiira; C. IVlwrhj aii»"> »2itice Service i2<rm^nu, "a
1 ^r<Mt yArX cdtAiich lie aws", frem HwiJceforHi. iHc jiu* the firat l?ji.Vt 6nj(iiic«-i*'H7c EWjcr+ji v?i-uiij-
it*j 5ctw»l at Dcnivr. -''•ti au» tlv 6n^i«ccr in tH; loj^s rVpat+mk-rtrf ?hc CVircvr Uj# an* 5l*ctt-ic vSmipans*.
J(|jS Ivcamc >»r C-xamh)hid( 6n5tivwran<> inajj Iv ^aL> ^' ba«>atlicrA''"thc ^rcat iwvUjptixnt cjf<>m- 6m
S'reEKtftrict £lcctriv >3?mpanij ani.in the fillnewijf tmv^M^ i;alU»* b llia>VW< oi'.xir i2»i?jMra»i> (Siirf^jaitvci-.
pTere eanv farther *utiei» anJi hmcun jm> Iw *n-iv>*atf FVeouVmtijt Hte 17ati.7nal iSeetrie Ci^bt A«<»<.'ia -"
I
tion fin- IWI ani \9i.i ant uu^oliwan AetU-e iDember hiajh in the Ck»an<:il»»'fAmerican Uo* Asswetation.
American tflectrii: Kailivatt As^wiati^nj. 5tj« cvcieti^ (»r the Pr.>moti«»n <?f £?n4tneertr)^ Siivcai'ion anAaf
<wur9e,&hel^hert^ (IVn^ Fratermtt^ativ'" avw ao efticer (t Pirect»'r,i(''apa«ri5*i^.nw hursVci c^Jrporatian^.
U
our i'\x&\ QaiiiX 6ngincrr luc ptiiptTliji had an offsdicn.Uke parmtol
for him,and ht5^ub'f qumtrond dc^rrued lununiti* lun-c gur<;lm; aiid pridg.
I j|[.>' avll attempt to paint the Gfjj a'biteurc(il.> ivFine^ivU^oih? manifest i'areyteeni atj<> lore fin-
ke Itatv re^>'ice<> aniM'een cxcee^in^l:^ ^la<> it: h>.< u'if.Vn; jnA rtt^tantperAmalii'^.f^tralu haih^
Weij'A U«>T?p anto oar feet an.*ali4;ht unto i»tirpath. - :^.; ~_-: ;rc-,^r.:<:-r>;-: :^ -5:. :l- : t-_j-.- --
:>c^.
m
class piece of modern engrossing and illuminating by J. V. Haring of the J. V. Haring & Son Engrossing Studio of New York City.
28 ^ ^^/u^^3^UJ//i^^^i(/£U^l/h^ ^
LESSONS IN BUSINESS PENMANSHIP
(Continued from Page 9)
—
Capital "D" The downstroke is similar to that in the four preceding letters, the flat loop to that in Q and L,
while the remainder is exactly similar to 0. It seems a difficult letter but if you will use your eyes carefully, and
criticise your efforts unfailingly, you will master it. Do your best always, and try to improve daily.
a/l^/^yt^o4..~-J^l.^Ct-''7^7'Z--^^
—
Capital "G" Another letter that presents difficulty. It is composed of two ovals-left and right. The two-
space left oval we find exemplified in the initial stroke, the one-space left ovai in the lounded upper part, and the
right oval in the rounded lower part. The upper loop is slightly more thai one-half ;:.e height of the letter, while
the shoulder rises more than one-half way up. Try to maintain the proper proportions in the several parts. In the
abbreviated G, keep the final stroke on the main slant. You ought to be aM^ co ti.rn out some fine work by now if j
you have followed the instructions closely. I
^.^x?--t^cA^''l,^,.^^
itlliniiiHtnnl^ii|tnii
(Ciuun.'i'iiiig TfiiiiirtTi ptactite.
f
? a complete success.
ROBERT TAYLOR
The Business Educator desires to
irn the present whereabouts of Rob-
t Taylor of the Taylor Printing and
iblishing Company, Joplin, Mo., who
vertised in the September and Oc-
ber numbers of The Business Edu-
tor. A number of our readers have
nt remittances to Mr. Taylor and
^ unable to hear from him.
f^^^uJ/'/t^S^<^'dfu^i^r*
TEACHERS
f /fir hoever m\ arc: be uoHc; You are interested in Text-books most satis-
factory to both teacher and pupil. The Byme
Series of Commercial text have won an
viable reputation with some of our larger pri-
vH^^CLIkitcverpou 6d. bo well vate and public schools.
tive price list.
Write for des'
IT
E.
Fifth
Jackson Blvd., Chiraso, III.
Ave, New York City.
Symes Bide.. Denver.
Peyton BIdg., Spokane,
Colo.
Wash. DIPLOMAS MADE TO ORDER
or filled in Old English. Script or Text Lflfc-
Forty-Fir.^t year. have .secured PROMOTION for many thousands
We tering. I do all kinds of work from the lette^
of teacher.s. A large percentage of the.se were men and women in ing of sheep skin Diplomas for large stall
schools to the making of diplomas for zinc
CO.MMERCIAL BRANCHES. We need well prepared teachews for good etchings or personal use. Circular on requeit.
po^itions in high grade school.-^. Our booklet contains a message for
vfiu. Send for it.
A PROFITABLE VOCATION
l«am to letter Price Tickets and Show Cards. It is easy to do RAPID. CLEAN CUT LET-
p. O. Drawer 982 ROCHESTER, N. Y.
The finest script for Bookkeeping Illu»
trations. etc., copy for which is prepared
TERING with our improved Lettcrinpr Pens. MANY STUDENTS ARE ENABLED TO CON- for the engraver. Send copy for estimate.
TINUE THEIR STUDIES THROUGH THE COMPENSATION RECEIVED BY LETTERING
PRICE TICKETS AND SHOW CARDS, FOR THE SMALLER MERCHANT, OUTSIDE OF
SCHOOL HOURS. Practical lettcrinit outfit consistinK of 3 Marking and 3 Shading Pens, I
J^ *•,,]. .r '.f I- rtf-ring Ink. sample Show Card in colors, instructions, figures and alphabets
f\\ r. $1.00. PRACTICAL COMPENDIUM OF COMMBRCTAL PEN LETTER-
mmi — ING AND DESIGNS 100 Pages 8x11, conl
1 , I
I
H
I adju.«t rh holder so that it makes true, clear-rut shades. My holders arc
ma.le of expensive, ii ported woods from Africa, .Snulh America, and Mexico— rosewood, Thirty Lesson PlalcR a'
palm, manzanita, lulir i«)d, cb<iny, teakwood. and beautifully inlaid with bits of Ivory. No Printed Instructions m.iil
holder made to e<]uai ii. to any atldrcaa nr: p. r-. t; :
The cost is Jl.BO, nnd well worth the price. You do not need to send money, Simply two dollnrs. Ca ' i
write that you wish to try one. and you can pay the postr""" «,u«« :» i. j_i:
Money Order.
'hen it Is delivered to you
1 ,
p. W. CO.-^'l Mid
A. P. MEUB, Expert Penman Engrosser. Illuminal..r nr
;3f.:, MAH ista a\ Oesigncr
\ i
ASADKNA.CALII-OUNIA. Srranlon Real Eslate BUI,
SCBANTON, PA.
t^^^/%i/>/^>^^^5<*?^;^ ^ 31
32 ^ MJ3^uJ^ne^£^^iu^r- ^
(Continued from page 23) GREGG TEACHERS DISCUSS
«eem that
those who
standard would be reasonable and adequate and sufficiently high to safeguard
this
did not quite reach it. Therefore, it is recommended that quality 70 on the Ayres
NEW YORK SYLL.4BUS
Measuring Scale for Handwriting (Gettysburg Edition) be set as the finishing standard for the Sentiment
favorable to the new
vocational training of our commercial students to be attained by the end of the 8-B or 9-B term.
In the senior high schools, tests in handwriting should be conducted regularly and the com- New York State commercial syllabus
mercial student who falls below quality 70 on two successive tests should be required to make developed the New Y'ork City
at
up this deficiency. That quality 70 is not high for elementary teachers is evident from Table Gregg Shorthand Teachers' Associa-
VI which shows that their average is 68.8. Moreover, over 55% of them wrote at this quality tion recent meeting.
and above, up to quality 90. In view of the fact, that they are teachers of this subject, writing All commercial
copies for imitation, it does not seem unreasonable to expect them to write as well as quality teachers present were very enthusias-
85 on the Ayres Scale, .ining devolves upon normal school and teacher-training tic in voicing their approval of the
classes.
Other Facts Gleaned From the Questionnaires new Syllabus.
Importance attached to good writing. —
Many interesting answers were received to question Mr. Martin J. Duprow, the World's
2, relative to the degree of importance attached to good writing. Practically all agreed that Champion Shorthand Writer was
good writing is very necessary and that poor writing and figure making resulted in a great
waste of time and money. Many executives and employment managers said they would not present at this meeting and gave a
consider the applications of very poor writers for positions in which writing was required. From short address following which he gave
the handwritten applications such traits of character are read as neatness, carefulness, atten- a demonstration of expert shorthand
tion to details, orderliness of mind, etc. as one manager remarked, "How can an orderly and
:
methodical mind produce disorderly and slovenly papers !*' All considered it a reflection on writing. Using a piece of chalk and
their firms to send out illegible or poor writing. The executive of one large concern said that a blackboard he wrote at the contest
he employed no person in any capacity who could not read or write because of a possible shift speeds of 200, 240 and 280 words a
in work and the promotional scheme which was used. Several firms give tests to their pros-
pective employees and for promotional purposes to their employees in senice. The quality and minute. The matter was read back
speed of penmanship is one of the subjects usually rated. It was a common comment that writ- with absolute accuracy, checked by
ing must be legible and sightly. Many executives deplored the fact of the illegible signatures members of the audience.
on letters received and occasionally remarked that the handwriting of today is inferior to that
of some years ago. The manager of a large department store said that his clerks were required A
business meeting followed and
to print the first letter of the customers' names on the sales slips in order to make them more the officers for the coming year
legible. Plain, compact writing and reasonably small, legible and neat figures were repeatedly elected
emphasized by railroad officials. .\s a result of several conferences between the author and
railroad officials, the Pennsylvania Railroad System has standardized its figures in accordance President:
with the Philadelphia Standard Figures which were prepared by the writer. They have already Mr. Ralph H. Baker, Yonkers
sent out copies of these figures and .i2.000 clerks, as well as the entire auditing department.
will eventually be reached. At this writing, other important concerns are also considering the High School of Commerce.
standardization of their figure making. That this will make for efficiency is plainly evident. Vice-Presidents:
In the Philadelphia Municipal Civil Service examinations for clerk and bookkeeper, pen-
manship has a weight of 1.5 points on a possible 10 points. The chief examiner said that where Miss Ethel Norris, High Sschool,
the position required no writing at all. this subject is not considered in the rating. In all other Roselle, N. J.
cases the applicant must write at least legibly. Penman.ihip is rated in the United States Civil
—
Service examinations First Grade (Clerical), Second Grade. Third Grade. Bookkeeper. Short- Mr. Max Scheinbach, Central
hand and Typist. Clerk-Carrier. Postoffice Service, etc. It usually has a weight of 20 points Com'l Continuation Sch., N. \.
on a possible 100 points. The following quotation taken from their announcements should be Mr. Herman C. Wolf, William H.
interesting
"PENMANSHIP. The rating on penmanship will be determined by legibility, rapidity, Seward High School, N. Y.
neatness, and general appearance, and by correctness and uniformity in the formation of words,
letters, and punctuation marks. No particular style of penmanship is preferred." Secretary-Treasurer:
—
This is truly a machine age the typewriter has superceded the pen wherever possible. Other
machines too numerous to mention are being used to save or to lessen human effort. Never-
Mr. A. A. Bowie, New York City
theless, we have already seen that the business and social worlds are still in great need of good
penmanship. This dpmind is again emphasized in the summary of the answers to question 3. LEARN POLICY ENGROSSING at a live and
—
Extent to which handwriting is used in business. (Question 3 proved to be quite difficult.
The proportion of hand and machine writing varies with different tyi>es of business and in
live price, and EARN a GOOD S.\L.\RY.
let
The COURSE of TWELVE LESSONS that I
different departments of the sam^ concern. In the case of telephone girls, retail sales clerks and givein ENGRAVER'S SCRIPT and POLICY
hand addressers it was 100 per cent handwork. In the divisions concerned with the auditing WRITING will prepare you to do the work.
of waybills, using the Hollerith System, very little handwriting was done except for the inser-- My ACTUAL EXPERIENCE of over
tion of figures in prepared forms. In other departments both hand and machine writing were TWELVE YEARS as POLICY WRITER en-
used. Summarizing the estimates of all the executires for every department of their organiza- ables me to give guaranteed satisfaction.
tions, it was found to be divided almost equally between handwriting and machine writing.
Under handwriting was included the making of figures, while machine writing did not include
the ordinary business letters sent out by the firms.
Importance of speed in writing.-—Question 4 dealt with the speed necessary for writing and
—
considered it under three types rapid, moderate and slow. It was generally agreed that speed
In writing was an important element to be considered. The amount of speed required was
found to \-ary with the job. A rapid speed was found necessary for telephone girls in railroad
;
auditing on timed reports. ps|iecially to foreign roads; for platform wayhillers in order to ex-
press on certain trains: in mail order hous»s for filling orders, all of which are schedule<l ; vn 501 Pleasant St.. HAMMONTON. New Jersey.
money order department of the postoffice; and at rush times
noderate rate of speed was entirely
the great majority of
adequate, especially for accounting w writing was condemned as being CARDWRITERS' SUPPLIES
a waste of t-me and mo-iry. INK— (Very Best)— Snow White. 1.5c per bot-
Comparative amount.s of pen rtd
; pencil writing.— Answers to question .1 brought out the tle: Gloss Black. 20c; Gold. 20c; Silver. 20c.
facts that the pencil is used far n )re for writing than one might expect and that a consider-
able amount of this work consists i the making of figures. Telephone girls use the pencil for
BLANK CARDS — Lodge Emblem: Tinted;
Comic Linen
; and Kid finished White.
all of their writing; in depar'mon s'ores all sales slips. deli\'ery department sheets and tran- Samples. 10c,
sient. temporary record! pencil in printing the indelible pencil is used for all proof-
;
reader's marks. In some divisions of the express and railroad business the pencil is use<l almost CARD CASES—Bookform. 50c per dozen.
exclusively for auditing reports and making carbon copies. On the other hand, such types of Leather-Aluminum $2.85 per doz. Sample 25c.
business as banking, and insurance use pen and ink for the great majority of their writing. F. N. LAWRENCE PORTLAND. INDIANA
The general summary of all the writing showed that the pencil was used for 55^^ and the pen
for 4.^0^ of the work. The great amount of pencil writing done in business, especially in the
making of figures, should suggest to the teacher the importance of careful and thorough drill
Learn PENMANSHIP By Mail
Business Writing a Specialty. Send for Cir-
on the figures and the insistence that pupils shall rewrite their papers in arithmetic and all cular. Up-to-date Visiting Cards 35c Doi.
other subjects, whether written with pen or pencil, when these papers indicate clearly that they
w-ere prepared in a careless or indifferent manner.
Standards Should Be Accurate
As stated at the beginning of this survey, standards of attainment should be both reason-
able and adequate. They should also he accurate since the individual pupil is to be rated and
promoted by them and the efficiency of teachers and methods of teaching are to be judged ac-
cordingly. The expenditure of additional time and energy, after a reasonable degree of ntlnin-
ment has been reached, does not result in a proportionate gain in efficiency. "Thus does the
law of diminishing returns in practice assert itself. It is clearly a case of waste in education 306 Boyle Ave.. NEW CASTLE. PA.
to require the pupils to reach standards of excellence lieyond those which are rea.sonable and
adequate.^ Indeed, there is some justification for the promotion of pupils to a higher class in
handwriting when they reach their grade stnn<lnrd. and exempting them from further writing HANDWRITING EXPERT. Script for Pub- '
lessons when they attain and maintain the finishing standards. lishers. Diplomas made and filled.Resolution! |
Engrossed. Skillfully written cards
^^
3.5c d.
'
How the Philadelphia Standards Werv Determined |
Following the determination of finishing standards in handwriting to meet the need for
both social correspondence (non-vocational) and vocational i>virposes, the problem became one of
fixing standards for the different grades with the ultimate or finishing standards in mind. The /;
tim- allotment for handwriting in Philadelphia is reasonable, averaging about fifteen minutes
daily, and the teaching of handwriting in the schools is supervised. Many specimens from the
^y^^
various grades were carefully selected and scored and the following standards were established:
(To B« Continued) 1764 Noble Rd. CLEVELAND, O.
f^J^^uJ/'/i^^^duai/h^ ^ s»
i
throughout his lifetime." of the —
department store the typical retail
A commercial Club has been formed
Will shorthand ever be widely used "for business. Planning and conducting merchan-
the rapid expression of thought, making notes dising activities, handling the customer, financ- from the various extra-curricula stu-
. on personal matters, notes in conferences or ing, obtaining the records needed for control, dent bodies in the commercial depart-
at lectures, extracts from books, drafting maintaining the plant and equipment, manag-
documents, recording telephone messages, keep- —
ing the personnel each offers special difficul- ment of the Atlantic City High School.
ing diaries, and a hundred other uses," where ties, and Mr. Hodge
has analyzed them all. The Delta Alpha Mu, Rapid Cal-
"longhand is altogether too cumbersome and bringing to light the underlying principles of culators, Commercial Law Club, Better
laborious for the age in which we live?" Most management. There is a chapter for each di-
shoi-thand authors have had in mind such uni- vision of the retail structure from the cashier's Typists, and Stenographic Club func-
versal use of shorthand. Yet many of us who office to the shipping room. tion individually; but collectively they
know shorthand do not make use of it in form the Commercial Club.
these ways.
:
is fully appreciated by educational authorities ness, no matter what it may be. is not differ-
shorthand will be recommended to every stu- ent, because underlying all business are cer- work bv the following teachers:
dent above the sixth grade, and made a re- tain fundamental principles which can be
adapted to distinct individual requirements.
George E. Hess, F. F. Pvle, Miss
quirement for entrance to college.
Mabel E Betz, Mrs. A. 0. Frazee,
Credit Analysis, by W. C. Schluter, Principles of Personal Sellina:, bv
Miss Jane E, Moore, R. G. Cowles,
Harry R. Tosdal, Ph. D. Published F. G. Dietrich, Charles Robart, W. R.
Published bv Prentice-Hall, Inc.,
Curtis, L O. Clime, Thomas Sullivan
New York City, N. Y. Cloth cover, by A. W. Shaw Company, Chicago.
439 pages. Cloth cover, 753 pages. and E. E. Hippensteel.
This book makes clear the methods and In submitting a new work dealing with
factors which a credit man to accept
cause personal selling, any writer is on the defen-
or reject credit to a buyer. It explains the sive. So much has been written, both in books Miss Georgianna Williams, for the
relationship between credit risks and business and the periodical press, that it would seem last few years commercial teacher
conditions. It also shows how to analyze credit that the field is already fully occupied. Un- in the Amesbury, Mass., High School,
risks from interchange reports, financial state- fortuantely few works have been undertaken
ments, and from neglected "elements on from the viewpoint of attempting to recon- is now head of the Commercial
credit." cile sound economics with practical business Denartment of the High School at
procedure. Dalton, Mass.
Personal selling is esentially an economic
Analysis of Financial Statements, by activity, directed, therefore, toward the satis- Mr. George Dorsey of Pitt,sburgh is
H. G Guthmann. Published bv Pren- faction of economic wants. The personal sell-
a new commercial teacher with the
tice-Hall, Inc., New York City, N. ing which effectively serves those wants is
socially and economically desirable. In the Douglas Business College, McKeesport,
Y. Cloth cover, 454 pages. approach to the subject, therefore, a study of Pa.
This book is a comiilete guide, explaining wants and their nature has been taken up,
how the facts presented in a financial state- followed by discussions of both buyers and »E. N. Beebe of Pittsburgh and M. R.
ment may be easily and fully interpreted. It sellers in their efforts to satisfy wants through Daley of Detroit are two new com-
illustrated by specific statements drawn personal selling effort. The general principles
is
from the industrial, mercantile, public service developed in such analyses apply to intang^ble
mercial teachers in the State Normal
and financial fields. products such as insurance or securities as School at Indiana, Pa.
I
j
34 .^^^uj//i£^^''<(/u^'i^?^ ^
Va
(offeu.pirmCrnerali
J If ^
.^
[pqnthc^llth/ffinii ; 01 qi'iir
Iwlu' Pru'st all^ the 3Srli tiimii'frsoru
rilinatio
111
its
tlicir
iinMhcuru'steuihohinic aiiVi i)oii ii? oseLstont- r
^y prcssioii of tlu'ii' apprcf ialion of ijcur prio:?(lij dior- Mr. Kubesh entered the teaching
oraniiofuournotiibloscniia^ in the ^^•;llll^'u" O.o.'.'so as profession a few years before the war.
rol,ir>j to PishopOTMrallistiir.if^t.iu'SCS; Previous to taking a commercial
course his penmanship showed the
liPiitlii' tiuciitii flliI^ ^du of ^Iiiqust, ^25, thciiouonlij-thirii annii>cisQri| of poorest grade on his Teachers' Cer-
iioiir birth. dt omcctiiiaof fhcpricSts.uic.thcuiuVrsiiint'^iit'nsit'lcof Hu- tificate. Fortunately he came under
AamrflTistiLp;thathaR•tbranhd(trtntllrqOi^lccilli(l|t•llllc^^u^l|Olltopn^¥ts the instruction of Frank A. Krupp of
iih> Pi-oplf. amniKint of the mental aainicnanj pmiiiMicc which houc atwiiipun the Inter-State Business College,
il•^ tno5ci|i\iw of labor in (Jhriftiiliini'i|ar^n'mcmborina
the charity iiiuvri>diu^
Fargo, N. Dak., who aroused in Mr.
'inicti u'hich has boon aluiat(s a pro3ominant iiirtiic, lucrci'iiihi appoiiitoil to a- Kubesh a desire to improve his pen-
prcss to 1)011 injnu'lhinq of the cikan, thcrisp«t anti the loi'f in uiTiich the 0.
^
wa^mmmtimimmmieaa manship. Under Mr. Krupp's instruc-
iVSi'uii.i thi' L'oiiiiri'aiUioii of ^t.Koso holi>s ijoii.
tion he greatly improved his business
Jr;"M.;' chose iiou to be an alieri^iristus.measmv to uouiminij
t hris^ mho penmanship and was encouraged to
ti\!ppu moments in the near of iiour GoliVii Jubilee. CCm\ r->e linlilm ihe burdens
uihcn...^ take up other lines of pen work.
of iwiiri^iAness, aftJ if it is Bjsipil! maulje restore iiou toheonh.anO
>e(ith^siiniiiiong comes mag Pe take i|oii unto l^imsdfiuith the eonsolmquH'ros During the summer he wrote cards
(luqe 5eriie bone ot fiiV'lis'intra in iiiuitiuini_Doinim tui.Maai^Bnni to defray expenses while attending
liieran oanhs Patrick eaiuIcqAl:ifli.willofqli|. fihamasilemarJJi'hnillomson.
business college in the winter. After
I
illarhn tPrriqanCIillinin Oisloinnirfuiei.Cottus v'tios.r.ei'Mioin,
iliflttheu'L'Olaiii*. completing his commercial course he
-llousiusPaulan.lphii L'umin uIflttfr^"'Orman.iohn LouqhMnJ.ihiK^Uoiiiirllt proceeded to the Zanerian in 1917 to
r<urhe Oeorqe
tOuiorD IHirhc L.eorqe Uixon. .lohn "holmes:
Oi,von. ;iotin
"
.^ohn OkCabc
nomies. .'onn ohn
.licvaoc .lonn^' -em
!eill J I kw continue the study of penmanship and
' "
James " .-"--
T7iu5sic.;'os.cl'ei.>ranai)h(ii)ii;iclil- OUourfteM
Tie
Tienni Burke Pati-rrljDiirkan engrossing.
eijhqrti's Oirroll vTiarlcs cfek Paul Kelli). ehiis;llc<:.orirh|FrankOumii fw Mr. Kubesh is now teaching in the
ni^B^ "lanies i
Flunn
Flqnn
'libr-on
tUqrim K'inq
dlartin ICinq ;iiisfplnllrn.uqh^lm.^ctiinimolJMB
;iiisfpln
;v'duraenI)LqrBin.''qme» inoftitt
Montana Schools where his salary is
'^ -
tHilliiim 5tiermnn_^ gradually increasing.
."lohn illhite^ On one of his card writing tours
he met the noted and skillful penman,
E. L. Click, of Spokane, Wash., who
gave Mr. Kubesh a lot of inspiration
and encouragement.
.According to his reports he has
made as much as from .$20 00 to
A beautiful pi< by P. W. Coslcllo, Sc nton. Pa. $.30.00 a day at State and County
Fairs writing cards.
A VERY FINK S( HOOL ( ATALOG stands smiling with his hand extended Aside from being a penman and
One of the Rreatest achievements in ready to greet you; surely a most show card writer he also possesses
catalog buililinp that we have seen for effective invitation to visit him. musical talent, playing a violin, cor-
a long time is the album-like catalog But to adequately describe the net and piano.
being sent out from Wilson's Modern catalog would take too much space, He states that the time and money
Business College, Seattle, Wash., of so we advise all persons interested in spent practicing penmanship, engro.ss-
which Juflson P. Wilson is founder a very fine and unique piece of school ing and card writing is the most valu-
and president. advertising literature to secure a copy able investment he has ever made. He
from Mr. Wilson. Surely it is worth also states that he uses the BUSI-
It would be difficult to suggest im-
provomoiit in the paper, printing or a $1.00 if it is worth a cent, and we NESS EDUCATOR in his penman-
would suggest enclosing that amount. ship classes and is a great admirer
binding, and Mr. Wilson surely knows
The postage alone on the copy we of the masterful specimens of pen-
how to grip one's attention with an manship and engrossing and inspiring
attractive title and cover and then received was 14c.
articles which appear in it from
hold it with interesting information
month to month.
and illustrations until the very end
Mrl Kubesh is of Bohemian descent
is reached. It is most appropriately
and is a very industrious young man
entitled "Achievement."
Each copy is autographed with Mr.
Wilson's well-written personal sig- H. E. -Mvis, for several years witf !
nature, (not photoengraved), and not- the Madison, Wis., College, is now
withstanding the fact that he has teaching commercial work in Gatef
conducted the school for thirty-one Business College, Waterloo, Iowa.
years he still swings the pen with the LEARN AT HOME DURING SPARE TIME Mr. William H. Valentine of Bos-
skill of a professional penman. Write for book, "llnw to Hecomc a Good Pen- ton is the new head of the commer-
j
Then follows a page showing a full man." and beautiful specimens. Free. Your j
name nn card if you enclose stamp. F. W. cial work at the Central Village j
view half-tone of Mr. Wilson who TAMBLYN. 40S Ridge Bids.. Kansu City, M*. Conn., High School. I
>
^ ^^^f^uJ/jt^4/^((/iu^i/h^ S6
—the sim-
Of? interesting,
NATURE, SCIENCE,
Mental.
Physical
Culture.
CLEAN, educational,
helpful.
Roto-prmt. BEAUTIFULLY and profusely illustrated Draw-
ings, paintings and Lense-art photo reproductions of BIRDS,
Moral and
BEST MADE
^^^^^__^_^
?2 with
justed.
dip
$l.aO
set
with
and
three
ad-
not set. R. C. KING, 701 Met. Life Bldg., THE AMERICAN PENMAN
Minneapolis. America's Handwriting Masrazine
Devot«d to Penmanship and Commercial
HAVE YOU SEEN THE Education
Personal Stationery Contains Lessons in
lOOD JOURNAL OF COMMERCIAL Business Writing
Accounting
^iigh grade clear, white bond pa- '
')er — unusually
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/ EDUCATION? Ornamental Writing
(formerly the Stenographer & Lettering
lurface. Size 6x7 inches with en-
Phonographic World) Engrossing
/elopes to match, all printed withL
.lame and address in rich dark
A monthly magazine covering: all depart- Articles on the Teaching and
ments of Commercial Education. Supervision of Penmanship.
blue ink as shown.
SHEETS— 100 ENVELOPES Strong departments presided over by well-
200 Yearly subscription price $1.25. Special
send only $1 for full box of this delightful known teachers for those who teach any club rates to schools and teachers. Sample
branch of commercial education, including
,itationery. (West of Denver and outside U. S. copies sent on request.
business administration, accountancy, and
Jl.lO). We
prepay postage and guarantee sat-
court reporting, THE AMERICAN PENMAN
Sent C. O. D. if desired.
isfaction. BMklet
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STATIONERY CO., 1530 Taft Rd. A, Cinn., O. KIND PUBLISHED
Single copy 15c. Annual aabscription $1.50
Send for Sample Copy.
PART OF A LETTER FROM JOURNAL OF COMMERCIAL EDUCATION
PROFESSOR PROW ELL 44 N. 4th St. PHILADELPHLA. PA.
.
*'The Diplomas you
ippropriately artistic in
inusual skill in their execution.
Gillott's Pens
. "I feel confident that any one desiring work The Most Perfect of Pens
lone in your chosen profession, will find it
(reatly to his advantage to get in touch with
rou before placing an order elsewhere.
"I need not assure you that you have ray
rery best wishes for that measure of success
It your professional endeavor which your
eminent skill so justly merits."
'
Mr. Myers completed a two years' Profes-
sional Course of Fine Art Engrossing under
the personal instruction of Samuel C. Malone. oJpecial anen^ion given,
>ne of America's most famous and successful
Artist Penmen, Heraldic. Genealogical and io reproduclHon. ofScnpi
Handwriting Experts of the present age.
A
Diploma, duly awarded to him upon the
and Penmanship Copies
Wmpletion of his Professional Course, is a
iine testimonial by Mr. Malone, in just recog-
No. 601 E. F. Magnum Quill Pen
nition of Mr. Myers' ability.
ri5flliitunw,(!^^5tiiiiinii;il5;
y Designers S JOSEPH GILLOTT & SONS
'& Illustrators (y
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93 Chambers St. NEW YORK CITY
: :
PENMANSHIP SUPPLIES
Prices subject to change without notice. Cash should accompany all orders.
All goods go postpaid except those listed to go by express, you to pay express charges. Of
course, when cheaper, goods listed to go by express will be sent by parcel post, if you pay
charges.
PENS PAPERS
Zanerian Fine Writer Pen No. 1. Zanerian 5 lb Paper (wide and narrow rule):
gr ?l-75 Ugr $ .50 1 doz .20
1 pkg. of 240 sheets by express $1.50
Zanerian Ideal Pen No. 2, Zanerian Medial
Zanerian 6 lb Paper (wide and narrow rule)
Pen No. 3, Zanerian Standard Pen No. 4, 240 sheets by express $2.00
1 pkg. of
Zanerian Falcon Pen No. 5, Zanerian Busi-
ness Pen No. 6. Zanerian 7 lb Paper (wide rule)
1 gr $1.25 ^4 gr $ .40 1 doz $ .15 1 pkg. of 240 sheets by express $2.25
Special prices in quantities. We also handle Zanerian Azure (Blue) Paper:
Gillott's, Hunt's, Spenserian and Esterbrook's 1 pkg. of 240 sheets by express $2.00
pens. Write for prices. Zaner Method No. 9 Paper (% in. rule, 8x10 Vi)
Broad Pointed Lettering Pens. 1 pkg. of 500 sheets, not prepaid $ .85
1 Complete set (12 pens) $0.35 100 sheets by mail postpaid 50
hz doz. single pointed pens 15 Zaner Method No. 15 Paper (^g in. rule,
'/2 doz. double pointed pens 30 8x10 1/2):
1 doz. single pointed, any No 25 1 pkg. of 500 sheets, not prepaid $1.50
1 doz. double pointed, any No 60
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will surprise
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Entered at Post Office., Columbus.Ohio as s«cond class matter. Ik' i
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The above, enKmved from an actual specimen, represents our passing nrrade. When a pupil's wrilinit is considered good enough
to merit our cartiflcatc, the applicantshould write the above, changinK the name and school.
Write to Zaner & Bloser Company, Columbus, 0,, for illustrated Certificate Circular.
:
f^^^gid/n^d4^<Se/iu^a/fr' ^
New ''""""
Metropolitan Edition
By U. G. Potter
Metropolitan iT
^^^^^-^-
Business McKinley High School
Chicago
System of
Speller Bookkeeping
Over 6000 words. New lessons coi You Will Like It. The text emphasizes the thought side of
to Aeroplanes. Radio, Automobiles, the subject. It stimulates and encourages the reasoning pow-
pages, attractive binding. 50 cents. er of the pupil. Pupils acquire a knowledge of the subject as
well as facility in the making of entries. It is a thoroughly
KEEPING IN STEP
WITH PROGRESS
Through Gregg Normal Training
The Gregg Summer Normal is the great "service station" for commercial teachers on the road
from yesterday to tomorrow. It is the open forum of progressive methods, the enunciator of new but
tried ideas in teaching, and a unique dispenser of joyful enthusiasm and the inspiration to achieve.
New times demand new ways. The world's estimate of the relative value of certain educational
practices constantly being revised. The Gregg Normal Session is the recognized leader in the promo-
is
tion of what is best and most practical in resultful methods of teaching commercial subjects.
Courses are arranged to meet the requirements of the e.xperienced teacher and the one about to
enter this profession. Students from all over the United States and Canada are in attendance each sum-
mer, and enthusiastically recommend the remarkable courses of study and practice.
The 1926 Normal begins July 6 and closes August 13. Write today for special bulletin.
The Recognition
of Merit
The recognition of Gregg Shorthand by the public schools of the country
is striking evidence of the merits of the system.
On January 1, 1926, Gregg Shorthand had been adopted for exclusive use
in the High Schools of 94.94% of the cities and towns whose high schools teach
shorthand.
The status of the different shorthand systems in the public schools of the
United States is indicated by the accompanying map and graph.
7irm529Z 103 JS 40
each day that good "This book belongs to that extremely rare class in which
every line bears the impress of complete mastery of the sub-
ject. We congratulate Mr. Johnston on having produced a
printing is an inuestment—not work at once original and complete." The Athenaeum. —
an expense. PLAIN AND ORNAMENTAL
LETTERING
Plain and Ornamental Lettering
'i'i'i By EDWIN G. FOOKS
9'4x6'^ in. S pages with 40 full-page plates, $1.00.
Lessons in Handwriting
MABEL VOGAX,
(Miss Voitan will be glad 15 cts. postage.)
inches) and double faced under your po.sition while you practice.
Just add perseverance and patience to right hand It will insure easier Body.
your desire and you may realize your movement in all temperatures, and
wishes. Make a firm decision to stick neater finished pages as it protects
Sit erectly, well back in your chair,
to it even under temporary
discour- and lean forward from the hips. The
the paper from oil and perspiration
agements. Learning to write is NOT from your hand. It is also an aid to
feet should rest flat on the floor about
easy to accomplish, but reciuires pa- writing in a straight line across en-
three or four inches apart. Rest both
tient, systematic study and
practice arms on the desk with the elbows just
CAN
be velopes and unruled paper.
at regular intei-vals. It "peeping" over the edge. The duties
acquired, and the realization of of the left arm and hand are to help
Penwiper.
achievement, as well as the commer- balance the weight of the body, and
cial and social value of the art
are Keep a piece of non-linting cloth to hold and shift the paper. Keep
worth the time and effort (felt, flannel, etc.) or a wet sponge on the back straight and the head erect.
well
required to master it. Good hand- your table. When foreign substances There should be a space of two or
writing will always be in demand, and appear on your pen, clean them off three inches between the edge of the
will pav dividends to those who have
and avoid blotted lines. Always dry table and the body.
an easy, legible style. How your pen before putting it away and
,
acquireil
many readers of "The Business Ed- get the maximum of good sei-vice from Paper.
ucator" are willing to work for better it. The best penmen take excellent Place the paper near the center of
writing? Fine! Now that your deci- care of their tools. the desk so that the lines of the paper
sion is made, the game is on! You'll are almost parallel with a line that
Position. might be drawn from the upper right
find it most interesting and profitable,
I'm sure. This is the first and perhaps the to the lower left corner of the desk.
most important essential for good See the illustrations for shifting the
Materials.
writing. Be sure you unilerstand just paper.
Paper.
Use a smooth surfaced, non-linting
ink paper with % inch ruling. The
large business size is best for practice,
because it encourages more freedom
of movement.
Ink.
freely flowing, thin ink in blue or
.K
black is best for business writing. I
prefer Higgin's Eternal Black Ink.
Zanerian Ink Powder is good. Keep
the ink covered when not in use,
because air thickens it. When dipping
ink, the pen should not touch the
sides, nor bottom of the ink well. Dip
the pen in slowly and carefully until
the ink comes just above the eye of
the pen, and if you bring it out delib-
erately you will not have too much
ink on the pen. Practice pen dipping
for a while, and avoid blots and
blurred lines on your papers.
Penholder.
A medium sized wooden holder is
best. Thin and metal holders cause
the fingers to grip, and hinder a free
movement. About eight inches is a
good length for a holder. The Zaner-
Bloser holder is the best because it
has a finger rest which keeps the fin-
gers the correct distance from the
point of the pen, and it is light in
weight and easy to hold.
Pens.
Use medium sized pens for your
practice. An Esterbrook No. 55fi, a
Zanerian Standard or a similar pen is
good for beginners and for general
writing. After you have gained a
fair control over your muscle, you
may find a finer pen more satisfactory,
especially for fine work. I like Zan-
First Specimen.
Write the poem "Quit Worrying" frr
your very best arm movement and
save it for future comparison to see
how much improvement you are mak-
ing. Compare about once a month.
Group One.
Exercise One
Be sure that your position is correct, then motion this two space direct running oval exercise with a dry pen.
The pen begins at the top and curves down the left side and up the right side. Both sides curve the same. A good
oval is two-thirds as wide as its length. Keep a good oval foi-m and slant toward the upper right comer of the
paper. Watch the center of the left side, and bring each new stroke down close to the last one. Use a smooth, brisk
movement. Shift your paper to the left when about half way across the page. Write the exercise at the rate of 200
downstrokes a minute and 400 on a line. Work for pen and muscle control. Note the action of the muscles in your
arm and shoulder. When you think your motion is correct dip your pen and try several lines of the exercise. Many
capitals and small letters are based on this motion. Practice it often.
Exercise Two
The one space direct running oval exercise is based upon the same principles as the two space exercise, but it
requires a finer control. Practice this size until you can produce a nice, smooth oval, and then use it as a "warm-
ing up" drill before practicing letters which contain the direct movement.
Exercise Three
The two space direct open or retraced oval contains the same movement, but requires more skill than the run-
Curve down the left side and up the right. Aim to retrace your first form to the count of ten for each
ning oval.
oval. Start with the pen in motion and keep it in motion between ovals. Make the sides of the ovals touch, and
slant uniformly. Keep the pen in a light grip and aim for a light quick touch. You should make ten or twelve
ovals on a line.
\
10
Exercise Four
^ f^^f^uJ//t^^(^i/iu^i^h^
This is push pull exercise two spaces high. Many letters contain straight, slanted down strokes; therefore we
need control in making such strokes. Push pull exercise furnishes practice for that control. Keep the right elbow
quite close to the body. Be sure the right hand is nearly fiat. Begin at the bottom and cun'e upward toward the
upper right corner of' the paper, and pull back toward the center of the body. Keep the strokes parallel in slant
and close together. Make 200 down strokes a minute and 400 on a line. Aim to keep the exercise even at the top
and bottom.
Exercise Five
Try the one space direct open oval. It is the same movement a.s exercise three but it calls for more control.
Work for a fine control of motion. Count six for each oval Make the sides touch and write 18 to 20 on a line.
'Try to hide the beginning and ending strokes.
Exercise Six
Now try push pull exerci.se one space high. Apply the same principles as in the two space exercise. U-se this
motion as a ba.sis or introduction to practice on letters containing the .straight slant strokes.
Group Two
Exercise One
Push and "u" exercise. Cui-ve up from the base line. Make six counts of push pull exercise and without
pull
lifting the pen swing into eight counts of "u" exercise one space high. Note turns, angles, width, height, and slant.
Push pen toward the upper right corner with a sure, brisk motion. Make three groups on a line. Count-Curve,
1-2-3-4-5-fi-, 1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8.
Exercise Two
The "u" exercise without pushpull. Count-Cui-ve, 1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8. Use the same precautions as in exercise
one. three groups on a line. Practice this movement a great deal because it helps to develop a fine control.
Make
Exercise Three
The "u" exercise small size. Make to eight snappy counts. The size is about 1-4 space. You can write five
groups on a line if you keep the spaces narrow, and begin each new group directly under the finish of the one
preceding.
u^////^ua//^i^^iu^^/^^
^ f^Jt^uJ//t^iU^(§^^iu^i/^/
Exercise Four
Now we are ready for some small letters. Make "u" about 1-4 space high to a count of three (1-2-3 or curve-
curve-cui-ve). Aim for uniform slant on clown strokes and good curves. Avoid making letters too wide. You
should get 16 or 18 on a line.
Exercise Five
Inmaking "i" curve the upstrokes well, and slant the downstrokes. The letter is retraced to about half its
height. Place the dot above the point directly in line with the slant. Count 1-2, dot. (The comma signifies a
check in the motion). Write at the rate of 100 per minute.
12 ^ f^^^uJ/n^^^^/iU¥i^ ^ !l
INSTRUCTIONS FOR FEBRUARY thought on the forms of the letters, "The heights by great men reached
arrangement, neatness and spacing and kept
With the January number we com- than you have been able to give to Were not attained by sudden flight,
pleted the analj'tical study of the these phases in the past. But they, while their companions
capital alphabet. We shall now pro- Writing that is good writing must
slept, ^
Were toiling u^pward in the night."
ceed to put to use the knowledge and be plain, rapid, easy to write, easy to
skill acquired during the five months
read, and as beautiful as possible. It here where many stu-
It is right
is characterized by uniformity in size,
that have passed since the beginning slant and spacing —
commonly called dents fail. Now
is the time to put
into practice the knowledge of
all
of this course in plain business writ- the three S's.
teachnique and form that you have
ing. To attain this uniformity requires learned. You are not good writers by
If you have carefully followed the a great amount of hard, painstaking any means yet. You have just got
instructions given, you should be able practice on your part. No one can your feet firmly planted on the first
to sit in a healthful, easy, and efficient build up a good handwriting without rung of the ladder. The top is a long
a lot of hard study and intelligent way off. Never mind that. Think oi
position. The proper way to hold the
practice. Rome wasn't built in a day. getting your feet on the second rung,
pen should have become a habit with And the style of penmanship that the then the third, the fourth, etc., and
you. Muscular Movement .should have good writers of today exhibit in their some day you will reach the pinnacle.
become firmly established. In other work was not acquired in a day, a Think of that. I'm hoping that some
month, or a year. Rather is it the day in the future that one or two or
words, if you have done your best, you
result of long weary hours of study, three of you will be the real penmen
should have become master of the often when others were asleep. I can of the next generation, and will look
technic|ue of writing and from now on express what I mean far more forcibly back and give me some small credit
you ought to be able to spend more by quoting a stanza from Longfellow: for starting you on the upward climb
—
Copy 1. In the capital A —
pay particular attention to the form the well-curved downstroke, the almost-
straight upstroke, and the comparative narrowness of the letter. Notice the shoulder on r, and the dot at the top
of the c. Watch the loop letters, and strive for evenness in size, slant and spacing.
The connective loop in B gives a great deal of trouble. It should either be flat, or point upwards towards the
left. A line drawn on the right side touching the two loops should be parallel with the initial straight stroke. Be
sure the letter looks graceful. Make a plain loop in e. Do not make "loop" in t. Watch the ending strokes, be-
cause they add or detract greatly from the appearance of the writing according to the length, slant, etc., that you
make them.
Strive for perfect alignment, thus giving you correct spacing. \
^^^^ . ,
—
Copy 2. Here is a splendid style of C for use in business. It is not very difficult, since you had one similar in
the connected drills in a former lesson. The initial stroke is a compound curve. Endeavor to keep the two loops
about the same width and on the same slant. Pay special attention to the r's, s and k in the sentence.
In the D, the loops require attention. Keep the lower one as flat as possible, and the upper one as near as
possible the same size as in the copy. Round out the tops of the m
and n and finish the t carefully.
Make about G lines of D's, 6 lines of Dominion, and 6 lines of the sentence, trying particularly to keep the let-
ters in exact perpendicular alignment. Then write the copy as a line, using the" same care as to the alignment.
Do not cease practicing until you can turn out a fine page. Use this method throughout the whole of the alphabet.
Strive for neatness, speed, and nice arrangement. Eliminate all long initial or final strokes, thus adding simplicity
and charm to your writing.
Copy 3— In E
the initial .stroke is a compound cur\'e similar to that in C in Copv 2.
this Endeavor to make
the three loops the same width. Do not make the ending strokes in n and d too long.
Be careful of the top of F. See that it is not too big nor too small. Maintain a just proportion between tlie
two parts. This will enhance the beauty of your writing.
Do not become so interested in the forms that you forget completely how you are working. Keep an eye on
your position and movement, and be very positive that you are conforming absolutely to the requirements with
respect to the.se two things.
^ f^^^Uiii'/t^ii^^^/iua/^ ^
—
Copy 4 The beginning stroke in G is another compound curve commencing at the base line. See that the
shoulder comes up more than half way. Make a decided loop in e, a dot at the top of w, and notice especially the
length of g, y and p.
Pay special attention to the dot at the end of the first part of H, the curve at the beginning of the second part
to match the cui-ve at the bottom of the first part. Do not make the curves too long, otherwise the letter will ap-
pear too straggly. See the relative proportions in the two parts and endeavor to imitate them e.xactly.
Criticise your work unsparingly. Hold it out at arm's length, and you will probably see errors in it that you
did not suppose existed. Then go at it all over again and see how many of them you can eliminate.
-T:A^^'^^zA^''^:A^^-^:^i^^^^
—
Copy 5 In the I try to have all three lines meet at one point. Make "I am gaining daily" the watchword
of your practice. Be careful to make the loops as long as those in the copy, and watch that your minimum letters
are all the same height. Examine your page closely when completed, and see wherein you can improve it.
—
Copy 6 The first part of K is similar to that in H. The last part consists of two compound curves connected
by a small loop, either flat or pointing slightly upward towards the left. Watch the spacing, and the slant of the
downstrokes. Irregular slant is a serious fault in any writing.
Be careful of the proportions in L. See what a fine sjTnmetrical page you can turn out with that half line
"Live and learn."
—
Copy 7 Make up your mind that you are going to do better work on these two copies than on any previous
ones. Keep the small letters the same size as the copy. Aim for accurate writing, maintaining good movement
and fair speed at the same time. Study, criticise, analyse, and practice, practice, practice. Concentrate your whole
energy on one copy until you can see a substantial gain before trying the next one. That is the only way you
can ever succeed. Be patient, painstaking, and diligent, and then you cannot help but achieve success.
'-<d..^^2.-^--£^^
^ t^^3BuJ//i^U^^^i^uai^r*
^feif>
HEARTIEST
CHISTMAS GREETINGS
I HRISTMAS
By Joseph Watnian Jr.
Scene: An orphan lad meets an-
other orphan lad on the .street on
Chri.stmas Eve.
3th Grade pupil in The Catholic Institute. Je City, N. J., where Zaner Method
-T yz;^<--^^5!C-<j2^i«C-«i-<i/
—
....^<^^,.^--C<£^^^^-i,--t^t^-<^ ir%--^K_.^e>-£^-t^t---'>-'>^7^'if--t'<-.<^^
',^-.«^-'^^-e>-fc-^--^^e5?^--^
Somethins to think about, and excellent copy to practice and study. Wc vcd lomo very fine compliments on Mr. Listcr'a work. TV-11 Mr.
Liatcr and oa how yoa like It.
^ ^i^^ud/n^d^^e/iu^a/^ ^ 17
the barnyard and pluck the best quill pears to be incurable in our family.
pupils following devious paths through
they could find in the wing of the old My father was my first teacher, and
the woods, foregathered at the little
gander. A young goose would not do. long before Spencerian pens or copy
shack of a schoolhouse, they found a 'This would be converted into a super-
hungry and ti-uculent bear in posses- books had been heard of, I can recall
fine pen through the skillful manipu- his telling me about the time he went
sion of the premises, and the educa-
lation of the schoolmaster. Making to a writing-school conducted in that
tional functions of the community had
and mending pens comprised one of same little log schoolhouse, back in
to be in abeyance till help could be
the most responsible, as well as most the 40's, by Piatt R. Spencer.
summoned. Frequently, a dependable I be-
important professional duties of my lieve that at that time, Mr. Spencer
flint-lock musket had to be a part of
teacher-grandfather. For the purpose, was living with his numerous progeny
the teacher's professional equipment. he owned a most precious "penknife" in a little humble home in the back
But Grandfather's bear stories, (I wonder how many of our modern woods of the Western Reserve, and
thrilling as they were, were not the youngsters ever thought about the was in the habit of adding to the not
sole center of my
childish interest. I origin of that word!) brought all the too plethoric family income by organ-
liked to hear him tell about the queer way from Sheffield, England. At the izing winter evening writing classes
littleschoolhouse, with its bench seats conclusion of the writing hour each
made of split beech logs, supported day, the pens had to be carefully col-
in the country round about. He was
a striking character, tall and spare,
on wooden pins, and the long opening lected and deposited on the teacher's with the long locks and lofty brow
in the side of the house which sei-ved
for a window, and which was made by
desk, often being secured by being
stuck upright in a potata, apple, or
of a poet or philosopher, or artist, —
and he seems to have been a bit of
the simple process of cutting out one small pumpkin. Also, the teacher had
of the logs. Sometimes there were to go over them and "mend" them
all three. My father always main-
tained that he was the greatest pen-
two of these openings, one of which carefully, against the next day's les-
could be stopped up with bark or
man the world has seen, and many
son. For a schoolmaster to be able were the interesting things he would
leaves in case of rain or snow. For to do this deftly and efficiently, was a relate to me about this strangely
pupils old enough to write, a wide mark of professional competence. He unique and original man. Unlike the
slab or board was fastened along the who was a dub at it, might well lose other wandering writing-masters, he
wall in front of the light opening, his job. Good goose quills were not scoffed utterly at the pot-hooks, nor
with a long log bench beneath, to to be wasted. did he try to force his pupils to the
serve as a seat. For nearly a genera-
As to the pot-hooks, the boy or girl mechanical copying of any other writ-
tion, this crude Temple to Minerva
who could learn to make them ac- ing forms or characters. From the
sei-ved the needs of this quiet little
ceptably during an entire term of outset, he tried to impress them with
Quaker community. school, was assumed to be doing very the possibilities of grace, symmetry,
But one day. Grandfather pro- creditable work. The pot-hooks were, and beauty, in writing. He told them
pounded to me this puzzling question: of course, of supreme importance be- that the rose petal is the most beau-
"Has thee learned to make thy pot- cause they were essential to the con- tiful assemblage of curves to be found
hooks yet?" struction of those wondrous creations in all Nature. Then by much beau-
I had never heard of pot-hooks. It of art, the CAPITAL LETTERS! The tiful illustration both on paper and
transpired that they were long, queer- old-time pedagog, for some reason, blackboard, he showed them that this
looking pen-strokes, somewhat re- seemed to regard the upper-case let- exquisite form could be made to en-
sembling the neck or legs of a crane, ters of the alphabet with a veneration ter into the construction of at least
and comprised the several elements that was akin to awe. The little twenty-two of the capital letters, and
that mainly went into the make-up of primer folk usually spent the entire (Continued on page 24)
— —
18 ^^J^uJ//t^^d4i^iua/f7^ ^
ticed. Words, sentences, and para^
graphs should be used which will give
Acquiring Motor Control Through very frequent reviews of the letters
Drill and Practice in Penmanship previously practiced. In broad outline,
this is the correct procedure in prac-
By V. G. GILLESPIE. BowliiiK Green Busin ersity. Bowling Gr Ky.
tice to gain control of movement. Of
vital importance in this connection are
It seems advisable that in the very thing to make automatic or habitual rhythm drills for without correct
outset we should clearly limit and de- for without a good position the stu- rhj'thm in writing the student cannot
fine the term "acquirinK motor con- dent cannot derive the greatest pos- hope to progress as he should. Tliese
trol through drill and practice in pen- sible benefit from drill and practice. movement and rhythm drills assist
manship" because of the possibility of The second physiological problem greatly establishing uniformity-
in
getting various viewpoints of the sub- the student faces is that of getting uniformity in spacing, in slant, in
ject. We are not to think of the correct movement started. There are height, in width, in speed.
teacher's problems but of the learner's so many bones, joints, muscles, nen-es In connection with acquiring control
problems in learning penmanship. and tendons used in the act of writing of movement there are psychological
Moreover, since it is only through drill that the beginner finds himself con- problems the student must" deal with.
and practice that we learn penman- fronted with a difficult problem in get- The first psychological problem is that
ship, we are to speak of those prob- ting the right sets of muscles to mov- of mental attitude. That is to say
lems in terms of that drill and prac- ing at the right time and to the right the student must place the proper
tice that is most beneficial and effec- extent. One of the most difficult valuation on the ability to write easily
tive. We are not concerned here with things the student finds to do is to let and well. In other words the student,
the technique to be used by the the nerves and muscles relax as he to get desirable results, must have a
teacher. Devices will be spoken of should. He keeps them too tense as desire to learn penmanship. If hi.«
only from the student's viewpoint. No a rule. It is only through much repe- attitude is wrong most, if not all, of
particular system of penmanship is to tition of effort that the correct sort the time and energy he devotes to
be presented. We shall deal only with of movement is finally started. In practice will be practically wasted.
the fundamentals that are always in- other words, the student has to work The second psychological problem
volved in acquiring skill in penman- largely by the "trial and success" the student must face is that of
ship. method no matter how much excellent acquiring the correct study habits for
Before proceeding further it is well instructions he may receive, for before the learning of penmanship. He must
that we consider the aims of drill and the carrying out of these instructions learn how to use the manuals or text-
practice in penmanship. These aims becomes a habit with him, he must book materials, how to apply to him-
may be classified as ultimate and train his fingers, hands, and ai-ms self the instructions he receives both
proximate aims. A desirable hand- his muscles, nei-ves, bones, and ten- from this text-book material and from
writing is that which is legible, that —
dons to execute these instructions. his teacher, how to utilize to the best
which is written rapidly, that which is And this means a great deal of ex- advantage the illustrations antl copies
executed with ease and endurance, and perimentation on his part since his of written work that he gets from
that which is beautiful. Therefore, muscular and nei-vous make-up are these sources. All this means that he
the ultimate aims of drill and prac- different from the muscular and nerv- must observe very closely. He mu.st
tice in penmanship are (1) legibility, ous make-up of anyone else. obsei-ve his teacher, his text-book ma-
(2) speed, (3) ease and endurance, This brings us up to the third terial, and, most of all, he must ob-
and (4) beauty. These will be consid- physiological problem confronting the ser\'e himself. He must compare
eretl very briefly if at all. In order student of penmanship and that is the compare letters with each other, com-
to acquire the requisite skill in ac- problem of acquiring control of the pare his habitual position with the de-
complishing these aims, we n)ust go movement once it is correctly started. sirable position to ascertain wherein
through certain processes which in- This problem is about as much psycho- he needs to make adjustments, com-
volve mind, muscle, and nerve. In logical as it is physiological since it pare his writing with that in his text-
other words, we must acquire mus- requires intelligent study as well as book material and with that of his
cular and nervous co-ordination; we patient, diligent, intelligent practice. teacher, compare his present work
must perceive form, size, and dis- To start the movement, large move- with some of his previous work. He
tance; we must acquire correct rhythm ment drills should be used which will must learn to criticise his own work
and uniformity. "The proximate aims compel a large, free movement. Then, and to analyze himself order to
in
may be stated, then, as (1) muscular as the movement is started, these ascertain the physical or mental
and nervous co-ordination; (2) percep- movement drills may be made smaller causes of whatever undesirable result.'
tion of form, size, and distance; (,3) and may be varied so as to be ap- he may notice in his work.
correct rhythm; and (4) uniformity. plicable to different letters. Individ- The last psychological problem, tn
It can easily be seen from these proxi- ual letters should next be practiced, be mentioned here, which the student
mate aims that the problems of the first in a large, retraced form and of penmanship must deal with is dis-
student in acquiring motor control then changed to more nearly the cor- couragement. .After practicing intel-
through drill and practice in penman- rect size without retracing. "This helps ligently for quite a time and making
ship are of both physiological and to carry the movement established by even remarkable improvement the
psychological conse(|uence. approximate movement drills over in- average student, until he has his at-
For the sake of convenience we shall to the individual letters, makes it tention called to the difference be-
consider the student's physiological ea.sier for the student to get the tween his present and liis past work,
and psychological problems somewhat proper perception of the form of the thinks he is retrograding instead of
apart from each other though in actual letter, its proportion and its slant, and progressing. This is because he leanis
drill and practice these problems are is one of the greatest aids in gaining how letters should be made mucli
so closely inter-related that they can- control Then letters may be prac- more easily and rapidly than he
not be dealt with in this manner. Drill ticed in groups. Appropriate words acquires the skill to make them and
and practice in each of these have to should be practiced for each letter. also because his improvement is so
be very closely correlated. Sentences should be practiced as soon gradual that it is hardly noticeable to J
First, we shall consider the physio- as possible and paragraph antl page him from day to day. The best de-
loirical problems. It is essential that writing should follow as soon as the vice he can employ in dispelling his
the student ac<iuire certain physical student has had a sufficient number of discouragement is to make from time
No words, sentences, or para-
j
habits or attitudes as soon as pos- letters. to time a fair and honest comparison j
sible. The first is the habit of assum- graphs should be practiced which con- of his present work with that which i
ing and maintaining correct posture tain letters that have not already re- he did on some more remote date.
A good habitual postion is important ceived individual attention since to do This is, of course, only a summar>
both from the viewpoint of learning otherwise would be to create incorrect of the fundamental problems ever>'
to write and from the viewpoint of writing habits in making the letters student of penmanship must meet an<l
caring for the health. This is the first that have not previously been prac- solve.
—
^ f^^^^tid/ned^^is'dtu^i^ ^
one that will furnish incentive for the
whole semester and one for the single
Penmanship Devices and Plans recitation.
graph
The individual chart or
and the daily grading of at
are invited to contribute short, helpful methods least part of the papers during class
250 words to this department. Pass your ideas oi
time were advocated. The latter
serves as an immetliate reward of ef-
Extract from an address by Mrs. DO'S AND DON'TS IN HIGH
fort.
Elizabeth Landon, Director of Hand- SCHOOL PENMANSHIP CLASSES Lapses cannot wholly be prevented
writing, Binghamton, N. Y., at Cen- if we believe our psychologists. The
Tlie following points were taken
tral N. Y. Dist. Meeting, Syracuse, N. best prevention lies in highly stimu-
from a talk given to the New Eng- lated interest in writing skill, and in
Y., Oct. 22 and 23, 1925. land Penmanship Association at Bos- raising the skill and habit to such a
A general aim is selected, such as ton, by S. 0. Smith, High School of high standard that even after some
smoothness of line, straightness of Commerce, Springfield, Mass.: loss the skill demonstrated is still
the line of writing, shape of letters, Lessons involving imitation have passable.
uniformity of slant and spacing, and the following steps:
accuracy of speed. This aim is placed
on the blackboard and referred to at
1. Setting the model copy and ex- — WHAT TEACHERS EXPECT
the beginning of each written lesson
ample or demonstration. FROM A SUPERVISOR
during the day. Often the pupils are 2. Trial and error learning. OF HANDWRITING
reminded by the teacher saying, "This 3. Criticism, preferably by the
is an applied penmanship period. learner. [Editor's Note: The average teacher measures
What are we trying to remember?" 4. Drill, which is an essential in all the Supervisor's worth in terms of the amount
of help, inspiration, etc., she can get from the
The best teacher when preparing a .subjects where comprehension alone is Supervisor, but there are. of course, many
lesson, takes time to write it out in not sufficient but where value other requirements which all Supervisors
lies in
full. In addition to this she learns to skill. should know. In the Zanerian Summer School
last summer, this question was offered to the
write well and demonstrates each step
The problem of the drill lesson can student teachers in a written quiz; "As a
of the lesson. Someone has said, Grade Teacher, what do you expect from a
be broken up into the following objec-
"When you hear a teacher say, 'I tives
Supei-visor of Handwriting?" Weare print-
can't write well but I can teach
:
ing below the answer to this question as given
(a) Getting sufficient correct repe- by two of the grade teachers in the class. If
writing,' you may rest assured that you, as a Supervisor, can measure up to their
she has a splendid imagination." titions. expectations, we congratulate you. At any
(b) Maintaining proper interest or rate, we believe that you will be a better Su-
pervisor after having read this article.!
TEACHERS TRAINING CLASS attention throughout the drill process.
(c) Prevention of lapses. Answer No. 1
One hundred and five teachers are The main part of the address was "The supervisor is to me one of the
now enrolled in the Teacher Training devoted to a discussion of effective greatest helps in my teaching, espe-
Course, which meets once each week drill. Where time is limited especial cially if .she be a good Supervisor. I
for twenty weeks in the Louisville, emphasis must be placed upon the let- have in mind now a Supervisor who
Ky., Public Schools, under the direc- ters and words most often used. An regularly visited my class room each
tion of A. M. Hinds. analysis of various kinds of materials month. Her visits were scheduled by
Louisville is to be complimented on proves that the vowels, a, e, i, o, u are her several days in advance and we
itsplan for training teachers and also relatively more important than other knew no rain or snow or any weather
to be complimented on the results letters with e the most used of all, condition would keep her from her
which it is securing in handwriting. and that t, h, s, r, n, are the five most duty. As she always had something
Mr. A. A. Kamrath, recently with important consonants. new to present we began to look for-
the Churchill School of Business,
The most used words, according to ward to her coming. I always felt a
E. T. Housh who counted all the words new courage and enthusiasm for my
Lakewood, O., is a new teacher in the
in ten different books are: the, and, work after her visits. Her criticisms
Chicago Business College.
to, a, I, he, in, you, it, of, is, was, they,
if adverse were kindly given and every
The Misses Helen Feuchter, Madge etc. These are given in order of fre-
McEwen and Mr. P. H. Sellers are one under her felt that she was a real
quency, thus making "the" the com- teacher. She would bring into her
new commercial teachers in the High monest English word.
School at Oil City, Pa. work, work of other subjects so we
The correctness of repetition de- knew she was not always thinking
Mrs. May D. Hopkins of Cedar pends largely upon interest, and in- Penmanship.
Falls, Iowa, is a recent addition to the terest in public school writing is most
staff of the Commercial Department effectively obtained by motivation. Answer No. 2
in the Richwood, W. Va., High School. Two kinds of motives are desirable "A Supervisor of Writing should
know more than the teacher; should
know how to teach other subjects;
should be well up on methods; .should
be able to give helpful suggestions;
should know how to cooperate with
others; be a good leader in executive
lines; should have a pleasing per-
sonality; should be a good mixer and
know the system to be taught and
the good points from other systems.
She should also be a good organizer
and have the right attitude toward
the higher officials. She should teach
occasionally and lend aid to new
teachers; .should keep records filed for
reference at any time."
School), Ga. Writ* .nd tril him wh.t )roa think of his ktler. He. of coume. doe> not know that this letter » beiniTpiiblUhed.
^ ^^^<^uJ/?ted4^(a^^^iu^9 21
i?«!«iMStt»
/
y
'^ i H |!« i^ h.
hit
^
'
Y
V ^ ^ ^ V ^ o
w ©.4:
'~*^ -M s 'S Iff fe
UflJlJl^.t'
22 C//l^'3^UJ//l^^(^''<(<^^fU^l^fh^ ^
f^Jr^uJ//i^M^<^yiU^i^^ ^ 23
I Legibility
^J Good Appearance
Character
Good writing
I
For the reader legibility always comes first. The writing must not be merely legible, it State NoiTnal Training College, Fair-
must be easy to read. Good appearance comes next. Writing should be neat and pleasing in
appearance and. therefore, sightly to the eye. Character or individuality in handwriting is
mont, W. Va., and of the Zanerian
ipleasing to the reader and the absence of it leaves the writing about as expressive as a cold College of Penmanship, Columbus, O.
leaningless handshake. However, it will always belong in the reader's estimation after legibility
d good appeara: Six years' teaching experience in
The unselfish writer will be interested in the legribility and appearance of his writing and the grades and three years' experience
should find pleasi e in the expression of his individuality in the writing. Handwriting is an as a Supervisor have given her a
intimate expressic of the personality, especially in one's signature. Let it be emphasized how-
r3ver. that no one right to offer the excuse that he was writing to express individuality
splendid background for the work
.as a substitute for the legibility and sightliness of the -riting. Many poor writers seem to which she has been doing in the
use the term character as a handy catch-all for all the listakes of their writing due to lack schools of North Carolina as a Visit-
of training, haste, carelessness and indifference. They mediately hide behind this cloak the
moment their poor writing is called to their attention, ing Supen-isor of Handwriting for the
individuality is no more to be
desired than that which comes through being cross-eyed ing just one leg. Character Zaner-Bloser Company.
handwriting is not something eccentric or unsightly, but something individual and pie;
ing. Individuality in har riting is not antagonistic to legibility and pleasing appearance. I
-
-
-
In the past two years Mrs. Reid has
Lrather should be harmon illy associated with them. It should be noted that neatness, ca traveled thousands of miles, conducted
fulness, orderli hich the business man looked f' ting are all hundreds of teachers' meetings and in-
positive traits of character which make for excellence in the handwriting. After all.
be remembered that the reader is
stitutes and taught two large sum-
ily interested in reading the message, not reading
the character of the writer. The ^ riter further concerned with the speed at hich the writ- mer classes at the North Carolina Col-
ing can be done and with the ease of the process. Undoubtedly, healthful and lege for Women, Greensboro, N. C.
efficient position combined with a nd easy movement are instrumental i
desirable qualities.
securing these When Mrs. Reid is not traveling, she
Writing lives at 315 Spring St., Hamlet, N. C.
of poor vriting may be (1) poor perception. (2) lack of motor con-
trol, C le haste. n differ. Writing is also affected by one's age and
NEW S NOTES
.
physical conditi ition and somewhat by fleetii ions. It is the duty of the teacher to give
,
.sufficient letter ord analysis to produce clear and true perception and to see that there is
mt and proper practice for the acquisition >f motor control. Undue haste, carelessness Miss Mildred K. Gardner, is a new
difference produce far more poor writing ...tha 1 the first and second causes combined. Rec-
.ognizing this, the teacher should see that the pupils have sufficient time for the writing of the commercial teacher in the High School
'written work which is assigned. (This is frequently overlooked). The formation of careless at Mapleton, Maine.
"habits should be prevented by emphasizing the value of carefulness and by refusing to accept
papers that are carelessly written. The feeling of indifference should never be allowed to de- Miss Gladys A. Cunningham is a
velop in the writing class. The teacher is the leader and the source from whom the interest new teacher in the Commercial De-
and enthusiasm of the writing classes must spring. The desire or "atmosphere" for good writ-
'ing must be created and maintained. The real teacher of handwriting must be a good teacher, partment of the High School at
skillful, enthusiastic and sympathetic. Any doubting Thomas who believes that all great men Castine, Maine.
were poor writers, could be informed that President Garfield taught writing in Hiram College,
that John Hancock and many other great men were good scribes. Some men have become great Miss Winifred E. Edwards o f
in spite of their bad handwriting. Their poor writing was not an asset to them and they were
never proud of it. They simply had not acquired the skill to make them good writers.
Bloomsburg, Pa., has recently ac-
How Our Handwriting Varies cepted a position as assistant secre-
Most i^eople are possessed of three kinds or degrees of handwriting their careful, their — tary in the Ogontz School, Pa.
usual and their careless. A study of this was made by collecting specimens of writing done
under these three conditions. The results are shown below in Charts VIII and IX. The Misses Jennie Johnson., of
Brooklyn, Iowa, and Mary Harris
<;<» ^ /e.^ ; Young of Waterloo, Iowa, and Mr.
William Peterson of Minneapolis are
u^^./ I new commercial teachers in the Du-
buque, Iowa, High School.
i^^reyr u /
r A fine specimen of Professional
Business Writing has been received
from Mary Moore, a teacher in the
QUALITY ON AYRES HANDWRITING SCALE Lima, Ohio, Business College.
Showing how quality of handwriting varies with different degrees of
penmanship are included in this chart.)
of professional
^
The Plummer School of Engraving,
Care./iiJ. ^ 52 Germain St., St. John, N. B., Can-
ada, sent us a sample of their hand
i
(/So,a /
engraved script which is very skill-
fully done.
C<,re^o 1
Cs
We would like to see more people
< learn hand engraving of penmanship
for with the engraver's tool it is pos-
QUALITY ON AYRES HANDWRITING SCALE sible to get so much finer quality of
Chart IX. Showing how quality of handwriting varies with different degrees of
cimens of professional penmanship are included in this chart.) line than from the photo-engraving
(Continued on page 32) method quite generally used.
'
^ ^^^t^SuJi'/t^^d'^i^uai/fr'
Final Summary
\\
In conclusion it is well to sum-
marize certain important points to be
Public School Handwriting constantly kept in mind. It is a good
plan to question the children, at the
(A Comprehensive Bird's-eye ^ iew of Handwriting b> a Normal School Teacher.)
beginning of the year, on what they
Br E. F. EDEL, Norther Illinois State Teachers' Cellege, DeKalb, III.
know about writing. Short talks about
—
position how to hold the pen —
how to
slide on finger nails, etc The ideal
(Continued from January) scious of such a standard in her own lesson period for writing should be
Third and Fourth Grades work and the hurried work she places fifteen or twenty minutes daily and
The work in the third and fourth upon the board she should erase as should come before the morning re-
grades should be closely connected soon as possible. cess if possible. The first papers at
with that of the preceding grades. Tlie Pupils should be urged to continue the beginning of each month should be
pupils whose position is good and who a silent count while the teacher is filedso that the amount of progress
use a free motion should be given counting. This will help greatly to made by each pupil may be deter-
pens and taught how to use them. This develop co-ordination of mind and mined. The most useful writing is
privilege accorded some will encour- muscle. It will also strengthen their the plain business hand and all flour-
age the others to bring their work up writing so that they will be able to ishing and shading should be discour-
to the same standard. In these grades work out problems independently. The aged in the grades. Standard capital
it is very helpful to study the alpha- best pupils should be encouraged to and small letters should be used ha-
bet in groups according to similarity help the teacher with the count, there- bitually in all written work. Writing
of form and of motion. The groups by giving the teacher an opportunity should be as rapid as is consistent
are as follows: O, A, C, E, D and i, n, to give individual help. with good form. Close concentration
*, w, t; P, B, R, and n, m, x. v; H, K, Seventh and Eighth Grades should be required looking toward the
N, M, and c, o, a, r, s; V, U, W, Y and If penmanship has been given its gradual increase of quality in writing.
TJ, d; I, J, and 1, b, h, k; X, Q, Z and due consideration in the preceding It is very important to develop a criti-
j, y, g; L, G and z, f, q; and last F, T. grades, the period allotted for this cal attitude on the part of the pupil
In developing these letters a certain subject in the seventh and eighth toward his work. The teacher's criti-
amount of drill is necessary to obtain grades can be used profitably for a cism should be constructive showing
freedom and control of the rhythmical great many purposes, such as exer- means of correction and commending
movement. If these exercises are cises in connection with written lan- work well done.
-dramatized they can be made interest- guage or other studies. This may in-
ing and enjoyable to the children. clude the copying of poems, songs, REMINISCENCES OF A
However, care should be taken not to recipes, or other dictated material, NON-PROFESSIONAl
carry a drill of this kind beyond the letter writing and addressing of en- (Continued from page 17)
point of fatigue. To make the writing velopes or even the writing of exami-
nations. Since clear numerical figures many of the small ones. He insisted,
<;arry over into the other subjects
too, that to accomplish the construc-
short stories may be used. The stories are very important in business, the
time may sometimes be used in prac- tion of these beautiful forms with a
should contain simple words and
ticing the making of figures with pen, the pupils must learn to use the
should be written either from memory
or from the blackboard. The writing speed and accuracy. muscles of the upper ai-m, and keep
In order to develop interest and to the movements of the arm and hand
of these stories should be to the pupil
in the main an expression of thought arouse a keen desire on the part of untrammeled. In trying to enforce
the pupils for good writing in general this condition, he sometimes discov-
rather than a form of manual skill.
The child should desire to improve his they may be asked to make season- ered his possession of what we now
writing, not primarily because he able cards, posters or folders, and to call the "artistic temperament." In
wishes to attain .skill, but because he illuminate initial letters of short those days, it was the custom for the
wishes to express his thoughts so that verses, or to design borders that may larger girls to encase their arms in
they may be grasped easily and ac- add to the effectiveness and make in- the tightest of sleeves. This was
£uratelv bv others. teresting Christmas, Easter or Valen- probably a matter of economy rather
Fifth and Sixth Grades tine gifts. Also children like to make than of fashion. It took many weari-
The foundation for good penman- copies of famous poems and prose se- some hours to spin and weave a yard
ship is laid in the first four grades. lections such as Van Dyke's Christmas of cloth, and material was not to be
It is the work of the remaining grades Giving, the Gettysburg Address or wasted. But those tightly bandaged
to strengthen and develop a type of others. feminine arms did not go with the
penmanship that will be useful There should be enough systematic arm movement. Their fingers might
throughout the life of the pupil The drill to bring the desired speed with- as well have been attached to the end
preceding work should be reviewed in out sacrificing form. Tests should be of a rolling pin. In the case of the
order to develop fluency of writing given to determine speed and quality, boys, Mr. Spencer could make them
words and sentences without the loss the average requirement being unity take off their coats and write in their
of the habits already established. to one hundred letters a minute. .shirt-sleeves or even in their bare
Large size paper with three-eighths Charts such as have already been sug- arms, but this procedure would hardly
ruling can now be used. lesson gested in the grading of Handwriting do in the case of the girls. Finally,
periods of from fifteen to twenty min- should be used for diagnosing faults in despair, one evening, the great
utes in length should be continued in handwriting and for checking up writing master, whipped out his pen-
•daily. The pupils should now be able the desired standard on all written knife, and gave his girls an unforget-
to take easy dictation, .short verses, work. The children can check each able object lesson by slitting each of
simple sentences and short stories, at other's work with the scale. Laxness their sleeves clear up to the elbow!
the rate of sixty or seventy letters a in daily requirements will result in Although my father attended Mr j
minute. Special attention should be carelessness on the part of the pupil Spencer's writing classes but a single
given to alignment, spacing, margins, which is one of the greatest enemies term, and that when he was but a lad.
height, slant, size and general neat- of good writing. A high standard his handwriting ever after bore thi-
ness in all written work. The de- .should be maintained. Certificates and unmistakable mark of the Master
mands for the application of the writ- merits are of value. The enjoyment Graceful ovals and shaded "capital
ing habit are daliy growing more nu- of competing and of attaining a fine stems" gave grace and dignity to
merous in these grades. Hence the piece of workmanship aids a great many of his capitals, while the un
fienmanship lesson should be devoted deal in maintaining the standard. The gainly pot-hooks and shapeless, squab
argely to the study of better letter pupil should constantly be .shown the by small letters had gone forever
forms in words and sentences and usefulness of legible writing in later Spencer's career shows the power of|
throughout a standard of accuracy
and neatness .should be maintained.
life— its worth to students during an idea when it is once lodged in an
their high .school and college work undefatigable soul.
The teacher herself should be con- and its absolute necessity in business. (To be continued)
I ^ ^^^t^u^i/^i^dS^i^^/iu^i/h^ 25
Ornamental Penmanship
By H. L. DARNER, Samson Motor Co., Pittsburgh, Pa.
'1^. y
^'^^^^7-2^^t^dy^::z^'^'Z^€:iC'C^^^
The above group of signatures was sent to by that skillful penman, Rene Guillard, Evar ston. 111. We masterpiece. The names
are of well known penmen who have been student the Zanerian College, Columbus,
At the time Mr. Guillard attended the Zanerian, Mr rner was an instructor, and Mes Gr Baird. Brownfield, Hackman, Meub
Lupfer were students there.
Mr. Wonnell attended the Zanerian in 1905 and late: became an instructor. He is now supervisor of writing at Cincinnati, Ohio. Mr. Grove
and Mr. Baird are engrossers in Chicago. Mr. D; rner is now manager of the Samson Motor Car Company. Pittsburgh. Pa. Mr. Norder
is an engrosser in Pittsburgh. Mr. Strickland is an engrosser in Philadelphia. Mr. Brownfield is a penman and engrosser in Cleveland. Mr.
Hackman is in Philadelphia. Mr. Meub in Pasadeni Cal., Mr. Henning is with Cedar Rapids. Iowa. Business College and Mr. Lupfer is now
,
Pittsburgh, Pa.
^cJ^^^J^^fZ
.g^n^;^
i^'^-Z^.C-'y^
The way Mr. Doner signs his letters. Rochester, N. Y.
/^/c^f
Engrosser of Philadelphia.
Supenisor of Writing Mass. State Normal Schools. Maxwell Training School for Teachers. New York City.
Keep your eye on this page. Some slated that the January page was the best one. We have more good signatures to publish. 1*1 us kno
FOREMAN. RETIRED
I
nA/LVivm/^/mjFfMr/ms
_ , (cinMij (ill^'>^'•^l^<lir•^,al;^ Hwhas: |•,l«j^^ bk l.ol;^»rc^ fortiwui) ijcarr to coinc u-itnJiic urc<crMJ:
uiru'iti] u? ii; a nciijIUvrl-^ •au'i) <^^\ man ?o Lia)i: of \\iA\\. <o hro.u^ of :ioul, i.w'i' 50 -a'orllvi) lo Iv iiuinlvu'i*"
V' ;
l Msi|M|| ||:|:i , Williumlfteitii. j-^.^ta.
28 .^J^uJ/neU^4'^<^iu:a/^7- ^
Modern Broad-Pointed Lettering
^
WILLIS A. BAIRD ENGROSSING STUDIO
440 Wrigley Building, North Section, Chicago.
HB CD Gil
IIFBlimBOJQa
The missal capitals will be found useful by anyone who attempts an illuminated resolution. No other style has
ever been so widely used in illuminated work. It is intended for a decorative letter for the beginning of paragraphs
and other places where display is desirable. The letter should be drawn ijuite carefully in pencil and then painted
with a brush. The letter is usually of gokl or color, and between the letters themselves and the background, there
is unlimited opportunity for decoration. The libraries and museums of most cities of considerable size contain
reproductions of Illuminated Manuscripts of the Middle Ages. These should be carefully studied by the student.
There are more examples of the old work available, either in the original or in reproductions, than of modem
work in this style, and the best of the old work (13th to 16th century) has never been equalled or even closely ap-
proached by the best of modem engrossers. Free, graceful letters are more to be desired than absolute accuracy
in this style. A number three Winsor & Newton round red sable water color brush will be found to be very good
for painting in the letters. Make the letters in red and use any simple decorative background you may see in
various designs, in blue, and you will get very pleasing results.
Thia drawinit was made by Arthur P. Meyers, 1 By H. H. Slatsr who has made a careful
Los Angeles, Calif.,
Pa., the younir engrosser whose work will be study of birds, > not only fjourishca birds bat draws them
often in this journal. Keep your eye on his v true to nature ii
^ .^^J.^UJl/i^^^^/iU^l/^ ^ 2»
DESIGNING &
ENGROSSING
E. L. BROWN
Rockland. Me.
Send :lf-addressed postal for criticism, and
stamps for return of specimens
Work of this nature intere.stingi.=;
30 di^ f^^f^^uJ^'/i^ii^ia^f/iua^r* ^ II
4I0U.S,Nat, Bank Bldc. Denver, Colo, N W, Baik lldg, Lomett Eiclianee RIalle Bl<{.
:ourse in penmanship. You can pre-
pare as a teacher, professional pen-
man, or engrosser. Write today, giv-
A FEW GOOD PLACES
We have available for early engagement a fe >v really desirable positions in both public
inp your age, nationality, education, and private commercial schools, at salaries run riing from $1800 to $3000, Soon school
officials who look ahead will be filing their calls for next year*s help. If you are hungry
previous occupation, etc.
for a change, you would better take a seat at the first table. We are ready to serve you.
Address 584.
THE NATIONAL COMMERCIAL TEACHERS AGENCY, (A Specialty by a Special!
E. E. GAYLORD. Mgr., Prospect Hill, Beverly, Mass.
Care Business Educa Columbus. Ohii
.\ddress. Box 583, Business Educator. FISK TEACHERS AGENCY. 28 E. Jackson Blvd., Chicago. For many years a leader.
COLUMBUS, OHIO. Largest of the Fisk Agencies, Recently doubled its space. Incorporated in 1916,
NATIONAL TEACHERS AGENCY. Southern Building. Washington. Affiliated offices
•iflelv
"An
FOR SALE
Excellently located, paying: school in
AMERICAN COLLEGE BUREAU, Chicago Temple, Chicago; 1256 Amsterdam Ave., New
^ork.
York.
College
EDUCATION SERVICE.
work only. Operates on a cost basis,
811-823 Steger Building. Chicago: 1256 Amsterdam Ave,. New
Public school work a specialty, including teaching, commercial and administrative
Atlantic coast city. No competition. Espe- positions.
""^ If you attend the meeting of the Department of Superintendence at Washington, Feb, 21-25,
cially suitable for two people. Tei come to see us at our Booth No, 80, a few steps from the registration desk.
sonable." Box 582,
cai The B
Educator, Columbus. Ohii
[territory.
for gale in south central
college
climate. Will net man
Wonderful
The WEST and ALASKA
Teachers actually placed from Alaska to New J
Free Enrolln
I'e need you for 1926,
and wife $5,000 if properly mana8:ed. Costs E. L, HUFF TEACHERS AGENCY MISSOULA, MONTANA.
iess than this and less than inventory. Ad-
idress Box 580, care The Business Educator,
Columbus. Ohio. POSITIONS FOR TEACHERS-
Pes
WANTED
ith a reliable Business College by a
BUSINESS COLLEGES FOR SALE
Splendid salaries, choice positions, beginning and experienced teachers wanted.
Write for free literature state qualifications briefly. Money making businese
;
man of many years experience along the lines colleges for sale. —
Write for particulars no charge.
of commercial education, as school manager, Address M, S, COLE, Sec'y,
advertising man. general all-round commercial CO-OPERATIVE INSTRUCTORS' ASS'N, 41 Cole BUg., MARION, IND.
school assistant or solicitor. Best references
furnished and required. Address Action, care
Business Educator, Columbus, Ohio.
R. L.
Write
POLK &
for your FREE
CO., Detroit, Mich.
copy.
Specialists' Educational Bureau
307 POLK BUILDING Robert A. Grant, President, Odeon BIdg.,
nche of V. S.
St. Louis, Mo.
32 f^J^u^'n^M'^^leua^h^ ^
(Continued from page 23)
The specimens of professional i.»enraanship raised the standard of each of the three kinds HIGH OPADE.
of handwriting, but affected the usual most, indicating that penmen are, as a rule, more careful
of their ordinar>' writing than others. That the degree of care exercised in writing is a power-
ful factor in determining its quality is quite evident from a study of Charts VIII and IX. Some
writers had 75 points of difference between their careful and careless specimens.
DIPLOMASa^-
A clear, readable handwriting depends, in most cases, upon the will and desire of the writer
to write legibly. The handwriting of the world is suffering more from haste, carelessness and
indifference on the part of the writers than from their lack of ability to write better. The
CERTinCATES.
following golden rule for handwriting should be observed by every one who writes:
Write to Others as You Would That Others Should Write to You.
Catalog and Samples Free
SUMMARY OF REPORT
1. Finishing standards must be determined by the social and vocational demands. HOWARD & BROWN
2. Standards of attainment should be both reasonable and adequate. ROCKLAND. MAINE.
3. The ideal plan is to have all of the pupils attain the standard.
4. Women write more accurately than men.
5. Vocations seem to have an effect on social handwriting. Learn PENMANSHIP By Mail
6. People do not write a reasonable and adequate standard of handwriting in their social cor- Business Writing a Specialty. Send (or Cir.
respondence. cular. Up-to-date Visiting Cards 35c Doz.
7. Quality 60 on the Ayres Handwriting Scale is sufficient for social purposes. This is our
standard at the end of the 6-B term.
8. Elementary teachers write better than high school teachers. High school teachers write
better than college professors.
9. Business men are not satisfied with the handwriting of all of their employees.
10. Skill in handwriting does not seem to deteriorate with time out of school.
11. Quality 60 on the Ayres Handwriting Scale is sufficient for the less strictly commercial
vocations. This quality is also sufficient for teachers of all subjects except commerce in
high schools and universities. 306 Boyle Ave.. NEW CASTLE. PA.
12. Quality 70 on the Ayres Handwriting Scale is sufficient for commercial vocations and for
teachers of commerce. This is our standard at the end of the S-B term.
Regular tests shot >mmercial students throughout the course in order to
determine whether
below quality 70 <
naintaining the handwriting standard. Those who fall
tests should be required to make up this deficiency,
EDWARD C. MILLS
Teachers of handv ting should not write lower than quality 85 on the Ayres Handwriting
Scale.
Script Specialists
Business men still insider good writing to be very important. They state that poor writ^ P. 0. Drawer 982 ROCHESTER, N. T.
ing and figure ma ng is a waste of time and money. The finest script for Bookkeeping Illu*>
Many employment __ __, •itten applications. In addition to sizing up trations, etc.. copy for which is prepared
the penmanship they read many traits of characte the writing. for the engraver. Send copy for estimat*.
The Pennsylvania Railroad claims that the use of plain, standardized figures throughout
their entire system will mean a saving of much time and thousands of dollars annually.
The writing done in business is about equally divided between handwriting and machine
writing. A considerable proportion of the handwriting consists of the making of figures.
HI . J. WAI TFR
W/\L.1LIV At«b.
222 Portaae
WINNEPFG. CAW.
A moderate speed in handwriting is sufficient in most cases. WESTERN CANADA'S MASTER PENMAN
More than one-half of the handwriting required in business is done in pencil.
It constitutes an educational waste to require the pupils to attain standarsd beyond those Will send you two pages of the finest com-
which are reasonable and adequate. bination ornamental signatures, business
The Philadelphia Standards for Handwriting were determined by first finding the standards capitals, etc., ever produced in Western
necessary for social and vocational needs and then determining what proportion of these Canada .- _ „...|0.B»
standards could be accomplished by the pupils of the various grades. Set of business capitals and a forgery
Handwriting is an intimate expression of one's personality. proof signature of your name ^ —
Character and excellence of handwriting are not antagonistic. They should be blended 3 dozen Visiting Cards
Samples of Penwork
. ^.— — „
— !.••
.U
ha
ess and indifferencei
nuch of the poor handwriting in the social No Free Specimens
^
Mailing Lists
Will help '^'-
v.m incrciiii« mI
Ivln* C'>0(
o( CI.-.19
^ f^M^^u^'n^JA'is^/iu^a^ ^ 38
these tests the author explains the emotional whether of a business nature or otherwise. MOUNT MORRIS. Dept. B.E. ILLINOIS.
effect of copy, color, illustration, type faces. The reader is earnestly advised to ground him-
typography, isolation, line, and form. self thoroughly in these principles, for upon
'
The author tells exactly how to secure at- them rests the larger part of the executive
tention. how to confine it, and reveals its ef-
fect. He demonstrates the differences, in at-
policies and practical rules employed in busi-
ness enterprise. This material is to be found
THE AMERICAN PENMAN
*^
tention value, of medium, page-position, and in Chapters VII —
The Administrative Organ- America's Handwriting Magaxine
' location of page in the medium. In illumi- ization, VIII —
Administration: Orders and Re- Devoted to Penmanship and Commercial
^ nating detail he takes up the proper copy for
various types of appeals and points out just
—
wards, IX Rules of Administration, and X Education
Morale and Leadership,
* how to test copy. He analyzes belief, de- Contains Lessons in
scribes how to create conviction, and brings Business Writinf
—
out the functions of the long and the short- Principles of Auditing, bv Eric L. Accounting
circuit appeals. Kohler and Paul W. Pettengill. Ornamental Writing
Lettering
Published by the A. W. Shaw Com- Engrossing
Modem Business English, by A. pany, Chicago. Cloth cover, 231 Articles on the Teaching and
Charles Babenroth. Published by pages. Supervision of Penmanihip.
Prentice-Hall, Inc., New York City, In this book the authors outline clearly, Yearly subscription price 11.25. Special
logically the actual working procedure in mak- club rates to Bchools and teachers. Sample
N. Y. Cloth cover, 466 pages. ing an audit of the various accounts of a busi- copies sent on request.
Step by step, they explain just how the
\ A
practical manual describing, in a sim-
ness.
auditor proceeds in determining the financial
THE AMERICAN PENMAN
\pie interesting style, the advanced methods of condition and earnings of a business for its 55 Fifth Avenue NEW YORK
^using words to develop business. Based on officers or directors, partners or stockholders.
"the actual experiences and results of the more bankers or investors. Moreover, they fully de-
:zj ^ S6 Jf f£>.
The above was written by Olive A. Mellon, Supervisor of Writing. Atlantic City Public Schools, Atlantic City, New Jersey.
.
34 f^^f^u^'/t^^^/^&iaf^ir' ^
^'Hg^^
Indianapolis Business College Cor-
poration Now Operates Ten Schools.
One of the Largest Chain of Schook
in the United States.
Every commercial school man is un-
rM )V:> / .
IN 'ffe
'^A
i^rr'
doubtedly interested in the plans fol-
lowed by other school men which
have proven succes.'^ful. For that rea-
son THE BUSINESS EDUCATOR if
pleased to present from time to time
articles telling how some of the lead-
f^l^r^UJ//l^J4^(^'^^^l^f/- ^ as
and prQfu'sel"irS'at«d''D?iw:
inKS. paintings and I/Pnse-art photo reproductions
of BIRD<5
similar to what a great many of them ANIMALS. DESIGNS. SCENERY. LETTERING
will encounter when they accept posi-
CAR:
COMICS and THE HUMAN FIGURE l!^ssons
l^JP^^i in
tions; that is, among other activities Art and I'hotography. composition, retouching etc
Amateur
that are going on around them.
contests, cash art assignments. For ART and NATURE
lovers. Correspondence and High School Art Students
We do not even have cloak rooms, ri.,if , n
Chalf-talking
"«'gning. Illastratms. Cartooning, Comic Drawing in
and
but coat and hat hooks are arranged Photographers, Photo-takers, Signwriters, Amateur
and Poets. Nothini; in it that a child should not see Writers
or
on all wall spaces not used for black- The Body Beautiful. Mind Intellectual. Soul Intuitional, read Stands for
a skne and pro-
boards, enabling students to hang °' "1"« ^"'' °f ''f<'- DIFFERENT. Nothing like it.
their wraps where most convenient to
^r^^rV^ °^°^^I must
Can t be described, be seen. Send now with S'' 'in for = '^'""'
„JlJt, '""•
„.,i;
or with SI for a 4 mo. Trial Sub. or G big bark ^
their seats. Tliis avoids any pilfering issues
ART AND LIFE, DEPT. 2597. Kalamazoo, Mich.
and other annoyances which fre-
quently come as the result of an ex-
clusive cloak room.
President Cring has been a pioneer
in many ideas pertaining to the con-
KARAM SHORTHAND
duct of a business college. It has al-
IN 30 TO 60 DAYS
ways been his idea that a business KARAM SHORTHAND
college should be operated as nearly
as possible on the order of a practical
is efficient,
plest
practical, speedy
system ever devised.
—the sim-
modern office.
Without any preliminaries, except CORRESPONDENCE COURSE
to make the necessary an-angements oJpecial a^em!ion given Both Shorthand and Typewriting
for entering, students are put right to io reproduction ofScript succes.sfully taught by mail.
work and are kept working contin- and Venmanship Copies Write for full information.
uously until they are sent to positions.
We say that it should not be nec- KARAM CORPORATION
essary for students to undergo 117 '/2 West Second Street
examinations from time to time, espe- En^ravin^ Co. OKLAHOMA CITY, OKLA.
cially in a well conducted business col-
lege, because no examination could ('c^\ En^avers
possibly reveal the actual ability and v: Designers
progress of students as well as a good '3
teacher should already know. In other
Illustrators (:
Stump, Director and Manager Rich- 93 Chambers St. NEW YORK CITY
mond Business College."
PENMANSHIP SUPPLIES
Prices subject to change without notice. Cash should accompany all orders.
All goods go postpaid except those listed to go by express, you to pay express charges. Of
post, if you pay
course, when cheaper, goods listed to, go by express will be sent by parcel
chai'ges.
PENS PAPERS
Zanerian Fine Writer Pen No. 1. Zanerian 5 lb Paper (wide and narrow rule):
gr. §1.75 '4 gr $ .50 1 doz $ .20 1 pkg. of 240 sheets by express $1.50
Zanerian Ideal Pen No. 2, Zanerian Medial Zanerian G lb Paper (wide and narrow rule):
Pen No. 3, Zanerian Standard Pen No. 4,
1 pkg. of 240 sheets by express $2.00
Zanerian Falcon Pen No. 5, Zanerian Busi-
ness Pen No. 6. Zanerian 7 lb Paper (wide rule):
gr 1 doz 1 pkg. of 240 sheets by express $2.25
gr $1.25 ',4 $ .40 $ .15
Special prices in quantities. We also handle Zanerian Azure (Blue) Paper:
Gillott's, Hunt's, Speneerian and Esterbrook's 1 pkg. of 240 sheets by express $2.00
pens. Write for prices. Zaner Method No. 9 Paper iYi in. rule, SxlO'/j)
Broad Pointed Lettering Pens. 1 pkg. of 500 sheets, not prepaid $ .85
100 sheets by mail postpaid 50
Complete set (12 pens) $0.35
doz. single pointed pens 15 Zaner Method No. 15 Paper (% in. rule,
doz. double pointed pens 30 8x10 '/z):
doz. single pointed, any No 25 1 pkg. of 500 sheets, not prepaid $1.50
doz. double pointed, any No 60
Announcement
Essentials
of
^
Commercial Law
By
Wallace Hugh Whigam, M. S., LL. M.
Carl Schurz High School, and Walton School of
Commerce, Chicago.
Thoroughly revised in collaboration with
C. Martin Alsager
Lindblom High School, M. A., J. D.
Chicago.
In a letter recently received from Mr. Herbert J. Foelber. Luther Institute, Fort Wayne. Indiana. Mr. Foclber says:
"The author hnn mncle a noticeable advance toward his objective if the development of cautious and deliberative study in
the student is his Koal. The accurate inductive method pursued and the clear and concise statement of IcKal principles em-
hoflie<i in the work are worthy of commendation. It is refresh inff to note the abstr.ict of actual cases which found a place in
the iKKik. To me they always s»mcd to be the cases in the field of law. Contracts. ncKotiahle instruments, sales, apency,
aiul iiartncrship. subjects which should be emphasized in a commercial law course, come in for the special attention which
they deaorvc."
These new features added to an already popular text, make Whigam's Essentials of Commercial
Law the outstanding book in its field.
^ .M^^uJ/zieU^^dfu^g^^ ^
F I T
HOTEL CLEVELAND Ga/Kdai,!}bv jfe/^^y
is the first hotelyou
see on your way from
any railroad terminal in
Cleveland. Its location
on the Public Square is
unsurpassed for its con'
venience to every means
of transportation. To Expert Penmen
To the average layman one pen appears
It occupies more ground to be very like another, except upon closest
than any other hotel in the examination. But pen experts can check
City and has the further our claims for the superiority of Spen-
advantage of being eu' cerian Pens. To the expert the good points
tirely modern in its con' of a pen are immediately manifest-elas-
KEEPING IN STEP
WITH PROGRESS
Through Gregg Normal Training
The Gregg Summer Normal is the great "service station" for commercial teachers on the road
from yesterday to tomorrow. It is the open forum of progressive methods, the enunciator of new but
tried ideas in teaching, and a unique dispenser of joyful enthusiasm and the inspiration to achieve.
New times demand new ways. The world's estimate of the relative value of certain educational
practices constantly being revised. The Gregg Normal Session is the recognized leader in the promo-
is
tion of what is best and most practical in resultful methods of teaching commercial subjects.
Courses are arranged to meet the requirements of the experienced teacher and the one about to
enter this profession. Students from all over the United States and Canada are in attendance each sum-
mer, and enthusiastically recommend the remarkable courses of study and practice.
The 1926 Normal begins July 6 and closes August 13. Write today for special bulletin.
Speller Bookkeeping
Over 6000 words. New lessons containinK words pcrtaininff You Will Like It. The text emphasizes the thought side of
to Aeroplanes. Radio. Automobiles, etc. Complete Index. 244 the subject. It stimulates and encourages the reasoning pow-
pases, attractive binding. 60 cents. er of the pupil. Pupils acquire a knowledge of the subject as
well as facility in the making of entries. It is a thoroughly
A Superior Speller seasoned, thcroforo accurate, text supported by complet«
Teachers' Reference Books, and Teachers' Manual.
Twofold DosiKH. In the prepnration of the Metropoliti'-n
Business Spi-Ilcr we had constantly in mind two objects: Parts I and II text is an elementary course suitable for
fimt. to tench the pupil to srtclt. and second to enlarge his any school in which the subject is taught. Two semesters
vorabulnry. especially of words in general use. are required in High Schools and a correspondingly shorter
Clnsiification of Word.s. As an aid to the memory we have time in more intensified courses.
words, as regards sounds, syllabication, accents and
ctaitnified
meaning. We
have grouped the words relating to each par- Parts III and IV text is suitable for an advanced coursfl
ticular kind of business into lessons, by which the student is following any modern elementary text. We make the state-
enabled to familiarize himself with the vocabulary of that ment without hesitation, that this is the most teachable,
business. We
have interspersed miscellaneous exercises in most up-to-date, and strongest text published for advanced
the nature of reviews. We
have grouped words that can best bookkeeping and elementary accounting use.
be learned by comparisons, such as Stationery and Stationary.
Corporation-Mfg.- Voucher unit is bound in heavy paper
Abbreviations of states, months, railways n covers and contains all of Part IV. It is a complete course
ler 111 arc irivc n in rcRular IcRson form and ali.ha- in Corporation accounting including instructions, set of
brt cnlly. Wo reifn r<l abb "ovtntir K of al moH I equal impor- transactions, exercises, problems, etc. It is without doubt
In 11 CO with upe IlinK.
the best text for this part of your accounting course. List
Syllnbicn lion and pronun ciatinn arc hown by Iho prices. Text. 120 pages, 40 cents. Supplies, including Blank
>Iiv»lon of wo r<l>. « ml Iho tiw of the d nr nil ral mark «. The Books and Papers, 96 cents.
wo 1» nro Iirin l*d In bolil t yiw. Bi d the d< lin lioim in lif^hter
face. *o D. lo brins out the appoa ranca ol th - word.- an aid
In iKht •pclll UK. EXAMINATION COPIES will be submitted upon request.
^ ^^J^Uii/zie^i^^if/iua/h^ ^
Gregg Shorthand
Leads
In Speed and Accuracy
Four out of the last five World Championship Competitions have been won
by writers of Gregg Shorthaid.
—
In deciding these contests conducted by the National Shorthand Report-
ers' — —
Association dictations are given at three speeds 200, 240, and 280 words
a minute, for five minutes. The contestant having the highest average for the
three dictations is awarded the championship. Since 1921 this honor has gone
four times to Gregg writers
each day that good "This book belongs to that extremely rare class in which
every line brara the impress of complete mastery of the sub-
ject. Wo congnitulalc Mr. Johnston on having produced a
printing is an in'vestment—not work at once original and complete." The Athenaeum. —
an expense. PLAIN AND ORNAMENTAL
LETTERING
Plain and Ornamental Lettering
rrr By EIIWIN 0. FOOKS
9'lx6'.4 in. 86 pages with AO full-page plates. $1.00.
Isaac Pitman
2 West 45th Street
&NEWSons
YORK
THE
u$m^55 Himratar
Volume 31 COLUMBUS, OHIO, MARCH, 1926 Number 7
E. W. Bloser
B. A. LUPFER
..---.
612 N. Park St.. Columbus. O.
... -
Editor
Managing Editor
promptly in advance, if possible, giving the old
as well as the new address.
Advertising rates furnished upon request.
and students, and lovers of penmanship. Copr
must reach our office by the 10th of the month
for the issue of the following month.
^ ,^^r^uJ//i^S (^deu^t^T^ ^
Lessons in Handwriting
MABEL
B> VOGAN, Supervisor of Handwriting. Fairmonl, \V. Va.
iMiss Vogan will be elaJ to give you good criticisms if you will enclose 15 cts. postage.)
Group Three
Exercise One
For the "e" exercise count Curve, 1-2-3, cur\'e. Be sure to leave a good open space in the "e". Cune up-
strokes well, and note the slant of the back. Make this exercise a full space high.
Exercise Two
Same as exercise one except in size. Make about 1-4 space high.
Exercise Three
—
For the "e" count Curve-swing; curve-loop, etc. Use a semi-rolling motion. Make about 18 or 20 on a line
at the rate of 100 a minute.
Exercise Four .
For the "w" exercise count 1-2-3-4-5-G-7-, finish. Note that this is the same as the "u exercise with a different '
finish Stop at the top of the last upstroke and make a tiny retrace or dot, and curve to the right. Make three or
four groups on a line.
Exercise Five
Make the same as exercise four except size. Use a quick, snappy movement. Write five groups on a line.
Exercise Six
For the "w" count 1-2, swing. Obsen-e that we have the "i", "u" and a loop similar to closed "e" in "w".
Keep both parts the same width. Pause at the top for the slight retrace, and cui-ve to the right. Watch turns and
slant strokes. Make 15 or 16 on a line at the rate of 40 or 45 a minute.
Exercise Seven
"We" is rather a difficult combination to begin with. See if you can apply as good movement in writing the
word a.s you've been using for the exercises Watch slant, spacing, line quality, and the width of tlie "w". Write
ten words to the line. Then try crossing with three "e's" joined to the count of 1-2-3.
^^y^^^^^^y
Group Four
Exercise One
Many letters contain an over turn motion.
Let us develop this motion with the indirect running oval exercise
two spaces high. As the arrow shows you, we begin at the base line and curve over to the right making the op-
posite motion from the direct oval which we have practiced. The same principles apply in this as in the other
except the direction. Some students are inclined to slight this exercise because they think it more difficult tlum
direct movement. Am
sure each of you will realize that just as many letters depend upon this motion, and mas-
ter it.
Exercise Two
Now try the indirect running oval one space high. Keep at it until you can make it as smoothly as the direct
oval.
Exerci.se Three
Practice the indirect open oval one space high until you can make a nice smooth exercise with good slant.
Excrci.se Four
This is the opposite from the "u" exercise which we've made. Count 1-2-3-4-5-6, 1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8. Watch
slant, turns, points, and the width. Push toward upper right corner and get the right slant. Write three groups
to the line.
Exercise Five
Count 1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8. Same as exercise four except that push pull is omitted. Write three groups on a line.
Exerci.se Six
Practice thi.s exercise the size of the small "n." Use a lively motion with plenty of push. Write five groups
to the line. Put a lot of practice on this motion. It is one of the very best exercises for small letter movements, i
I
!
^ f^^^uJ//i^M^<^4/iuu/h^ 9
Exercise Seven
Write "n" to a 1-2-3 count. Keep the parts equal in widtli, and slant the second downstroke parallel with
the first one. Put harmony in the slants. Speed, about 4.5 or 50 letters per minute.
Exerci.se Eight
Just add another turn to "n" and you have "m." The same rules apply to both. Observe width, and slant
of the downstrokes. Make nice rounding tops. Count 1-2-3-4 at the rate of" 40 letters per minute.
Exercise Nine
How about your position and movement? Can you apply them in these words? Write "me" eight times on
the line watching size, slant, turns, and spacing. Then cross with "men" and see if you can get harmony of slant,
form, size, etc.
Group Five
Exercise One
See how smoothly you can swing this movement one space high counting 1-2-3-4-5-6, 7. Take time to retrace
and cur\'e the finish. Swing three groups on the line.
Exercise Two
Practice the "v" exercise small as the "v." The "v" should have a round turn at the beginning. Keep the
width at the top almost the same as the bottom. Finish with a retrace and right curve. Write five groups on
the line.
Exercise Three
For "v" count 1-2, 3. Work for r>-thm in your movement. Watch turns, width, finish, and slant.
Exercise Four
For the "x" make the turn and swing, then lift the pen and cross upward. Aim to cross the middle of the
slant stroke.
Exercise Five
Join four "v's" to the count 1-v, 2-v, 3-v, 4-v, swing. When joining letters aim to use a smooth touch, and keep
the swmg between letters rather straight. Check the motion slightly on the finish of each letter.
Exercise Six
Join four "x's" by making turns first and crossing later.
Exercise Seven
Are you sure about your position and motion? I^t us show our skill bv applying the letters we've studied in
these words. Think about slant and spacing, and see what smooth lines vou can produce. Practice
several pages
of these words carefully studying and criticising turns, angles, and endings.
10 ^ r^J^uJ//t^l^^^i^![ua^
Group Six
Exercise One
See how smoothly you can make the inciirect oval 1-2 space high.
Exercise Two
Review the "n" exercise for the "over turn" control. Count eight for each group making six groups to the line.
Exercise Three
Count . Curve 1, 2-3-4-5-6, finish. Note that "o" ends like "v".
. .
Exercise Four
In making "o" swing a good "over turn" to insure a closed top. Curve both sides equally. Stop at the top and
swing a right curve for the finish. Count 1-2, 3
Exerci.se Five
This "c" exercise begins as "n" and "o", but the downstroke is cut short and then retraced. Count Cui-ve, 1-2-3-
4-.5-6-finish. Make the exercise a whole space, then cut down to half or a third.
Exercise Six
For this "c" exerci.se count Curve, 1-2-3, finish. Retrace the little hook. Aim to slant the hook and the
. . .
mimmiif^MUJ.
^^ f^Jr3BuJ//teJ^^i(/£U:a/i?^
Capital 0. Because it is such a simple letter it is usually made poorly. Examine it carefully. Notice the com-
— —
parative width to the height 2/3-3/4. Also the size of the finishing loop about 1/2 way over and 1/2 way down.
Do not make the ending stroke too long. Practice the O's in columns first, making at least a one-page column. Then
practice the word in the same way, paying special attention to the p, t and s. In the half-line try to keep each word
in exact perpendicular alignment. Watch the dot at the top of c, and be sure to make the downstroke similar to that
in o. Pay attention to the slant, and spacing. Do not go slowly. Write fast enough to make the lines have "life" to
them.
"P". In the P, notice the initial stroke, the slant of the downstroke, the width of the large loop on the left and
the round part on the right. The latter is 1/2 the width of the left oval part, and comes 1/2 way down. Practice the
individual letters, the word, and the half line in the same manner as you did the line above, paying special attention to
r, c, p, and s. Use your best movement, correct speed, and be neat, and orderly.
Q. In the Q, notice the initial loop, its size, and slant. The bottom loop rests on the line, and should be flat.
In the word, make the bottom of the u round, also the top of the n. Many students have a tendency to make the last
part of n or m sharp. To overcome this make this part a shade shorter than the previous one. Watch the b, c, and y
in the half line. —
You might make 2 or 3 pages of this short sentence two to a line and derive much benefit from —
your work. Try it.
R A splendid form of R for developing control over your movement. It has the same relative proportions as the
P. Be sure you make the connective loop point either flat or upwards towards the left. Keep the downstrokes in 1, g
and h straight, and on the same slant. The half line contains some good advice as well as a good exercise for prac-
tice. Watch the loop letters. Make them about 2/3 of a space high. The capitals should be not less than 3/4 of a
space, nor more than 4/5 of a space. In this way, they do not often conflict with the line above, consequently the page
should be neat and legible. Do your best on these copies, and then try to do even better than your best. That is the
way to excel.
S. Here are two diff'erent forms. Learn to make both. Neither is hard. Try to keep the crossing midway
down. That word "Superior" is a good one to practice. Put lots of pep and life into your work as soon as you have
got the "hang" of the word. You ought to put up a beautiful page of that half line. But you will need to do some
preliminary work on "the". Notice the spacing in it, also the second part of the h. As soon "as you have mastered this
sentence, take a new sheet, and show your teacher that you can put up a neat, well-written page. Send me a page
too.
12 .3^^uJ//t^X^(^deu^i^ ^
T. Be careful of the top. Notice e.-ipecially how far it is away from the stem,
It gives a great deal of trouble.
also the length and slant. The spacing in Toronto requires watching. Try to get the r right. In the half line, I
made the length greater than any previous one so that you would shorten un the distance between letters and be-
tween words a little. Do vour best to turn out a fine neat, accurate,* beautiful page.
^^s^s^j^Ac-^^^^-^u^s^-^j^
U. Try to get a good beginning loop or dot, and watch the compound curve in the downstroke. The second
part is not as high as the first. Do your best to put up a masterpiece on that half line. It lends itself readily to
that purpose.
V. If you learned the U, you will have little difficulty with the V. Notice particularly the compound cune in
the la.st part, its height and direction. Strive for accuracy, speed and beauty.
W. If you have analysed this letter correctly, and discovered that all the strokes are curved (some but slightly),
then you won't have any difficulty in learning it. Strive for uniformity in size, slant and spacing in all your writing.
Remember the advice in the half line. Put all your heart into your practice, and then you can't fail.
X. Not u.sed often, but good for movement and control, as you have to change from a right to a left oval in mak-
ing it. That word "scholar" will require watching. Try to keep the loops in h and 1 the same size and slant.
Never be afraid to spend your spare time in practicing penmanship. The extra skill you acquire in this waj
always is an aid to you in after life, no matter what phase of business you may enter. It isan easy accomplishment
to carry around, and often is the surest passport to an entry into a business career.
Y. Notice the loop at the bottom— its length, width, etc. Also you will notice that in the abbreviated form th«
stroke does not come down as far as the loop does. Put forth your very best effort on this word and half line. U-sc
good speed (not slow, nor yet hurried), and, good movement. Always take stock of your writing machinery before.
during, and after your practice. See that it is in good working order.
Z—
The la-st of the alphabet. Try to keep the connective loop flat and on the line. The word and the lialf lino
are adopted to the making cf a splendid page.
I wish I were able to enthuse you as "Zaner, the penman," used to enthuse and thrill the students at the Zanerian
in days gone by. I would that some of his spirit could become incorporated into vours. Then vou would know that
hard work, and plenty of it, is the keynote to the acquisition of a fine style of bus'iness writing.'
Work hard, work intelllRently, work systematically. Send me a page of your be.st work and let me criticise it fod
you. I will tell you whether you are going fast enough and whether your technique is correct.
I
*^J^Uii//i^44^^^/iua^^ %
know how you ' ^""'*"*' S'^'""''- ^r. Bacon will probably send as more work for publication if you let him
like this specimen
— .
M^^uJi/i^^i^^^iu^i^f^/- ^
^'^-2_-tR--C-C^
ySL^^ -^3^^
092.^-y^.-^^-^^ ^0^4^^.^.
/^ y
y- / r
^7 -^ ..'
/ Z' /'
i-2..j5Z-i^-'>?.'?^>£--?-Z--l??^^^--«^--^'^^^
^^..c-^ c:C-<-Hr->-'L^^^^
.^^.yy^f^'Z.-d.^t^
II would br intcrmtinc to know how many limn Mr. Linlrr ha> wrillcn each lelirr o( Ihr aliihabil.
At the rail of M Irllrrs a minulr, it would equal 3(00 Irttrm per hour or 3(.000 in a 10 hour day, or 13,140,000 in a year.
Whm Ihc writer first became interested in penmanship. 20 years affo, Mr. Lislcr was then a nationally known penman.
If penmen were paid a penny for earh letter made they would all be wealthy, for it dors take plenty of irprlition. and you must enjoy it, to«^
d^ ^^J^uJi/i^^^(i^iua/(f?^ ^
"Well, my wise youth, maybe you
might be willing to toke pity on me
Reminiscences of a Non-Professional and show me how to write."
Writing Master "You bet I will," he came back
poiTnptly, "and if you'll step around
By CARL MARSHALL, Tujunga. Calif.
(Seine the substance of an Address Delivered at Los Angeles. Dec. 16. 1925. Before inside, I can do it in a couple of min-
The Southern California Penmanship Teachers' Association.) utes. The trouble with you is the
same as it was with me before I went
to St. Louis; you never have had a
FURTHER REMINISCENCES OF A space; upper turn; descend on main teacher who could write. It isn't be-
NON PROFESSIONAL WRITING slant with straight line to base line; cause I'm naturally smarter than you
MASTER lower angle; ascend on connective that I can write, but because I was
slant with left curve one space; upper taught how."
turn; descend on main slant with Tlien, when I stood by his desk, he
begin this .second part of my nar-
I
straight line to base line;lower turn; continued; "First of all, you must
rative witli some account of my own ascend on connective slant with right learn that real penmen never write
adventures in learning to write. I am cui-ve one space. with their fingers. They are only to
ratlier liazy as to my first efforts or You can faintly imagine, perhaps, hold the pen; the writing is done with
the task confronting the ambitious your arm, this way. Sounds funny,
as to how
was tanght. I I was just
yokel who aspired to "analyze" with- doesn't it ? But see how easy it is,
past ten years old when I attended out a slip, all of the fity-two forms once you learn how."
my first school in Kansas, and my comprising the written alphabet. Our Then, after giving some clever ex-
first copies must have been "set" by glibness in doing this determined our hibitions of his own skill, making his
class standing rather than any amount hand move about with the easy flow-
my father. But, though he had been
of deftness in doing the writing it- ing grace of a swallow in flight, he put
a pupil of Spencer,- I cannot recall self. This chirographic scientist ap- the pen in my hand, and had me try
that he ever made any serious attempt peared to be a fair type of the writing flourishing sotne large size capital O's
to have me write by the Great Mas- masters who flourished in our part of saying;
ter's system of arm action. As I the country in those days. I often "Don't try the little letters at first,
was constitutionally such a nervous wonder if their tribe is entirely ex- stick to the big easy ones till you get
spasmodic young monkey, he prob-
ana spa.-siiioiuc
and tinct. the hang of it. And keep your fingers
ably considered me a For myself, I rather easily learned still. Just hold your pen the same as
hopeless subject. Any- these analysis stunts, and soon became a piece of chalk and do it with your
way, I remember that a shark at it. I could construct verb- arm, mind. That's the stuff! Say!
when had reached the ally, and to a gnat's heel, everything you're comin' on fine for the first
B
I
age of fifteen, my al- from a little k to a big D and could trial. By. Jinks, I'm goin' to lend you
leged writing was about do them with a pen with fair accuracy, my Gaskell's Compendium, if you'll
as bad as it could be, — if given time enough, but my actual bring it back. You'd better send for
the fair and standing writing continued to be a puzzle for one yourself; they only cost a dollar."
joke of the school in gods and men, and hadn't improved Then he gave me a package of white
fact. much when I had advanced far enough sheets about 8 inches by 4, covered
Then came an Event. in other branches of learning to be- with the prettiest writing I had ever
One autumn, there come the boss of a country school. I seen or dreamed of. I was fair enough
drifted into our neighborhood, one of think on my first certificate the County to admit to myself that the bov was a
those wandering penmen, who fre- Superintendent gave me a mark of whole lot more decent than I had ever
quently turned up in rural commun- 6.5, and even that must have given his thought him, and after that we were
ities after the Civil War period. This conscience an awful wrench. Then good friends. I took the beautiful
man was a genius in his way. He came partial, and ultimately complete copies and my memory of the young
could sing (well enough to run a deliverance, albeit, in a way rather fellow's lesson back with me to the
quadrille singing-school at a pinch) humiliating. In the County Treas- little country schoolhouse and for the
dance, "call off'" for a country quad- urer's office of our county, where I next three months spent most of my
rille, cut hair equal to a barber, or had to go each month, to have my extra time in learning to write with
even acquit himself with credit at a school warrants cashed, was a snippy, my arm. It was hard work, for I
prayer meeting. But the real heart conceited young prig of a clerk, wlio think I am one of those unfortunates
of him was in penmanship, and it was had the distinction of being the best, who do not inherit good muscular co-
not long till he had the whole country- and only good penman in the county. ordination. Probably I could never
side in the throes of a handwriting The fact was e.xplained by the young have_ made a first-class penman, bil-
revival. Subscription classes were man's having been sent for a year liardist, tennis-player, or anything
organized in each of the half-dozen to the Bryant and Stratton Business else calling for rapid muscular preci-
neighboring schoolhouses, and for a College of St. Louis. I heartily de- sion. Even now, I would not dare try
time, nothing else was talked of but tested the young snip, for he was the driving a car, mucli as I should like
"upper turns," "lower angles," "re- sort of self-important off'icial who, in to. But on the next certificate grant-
versed ovals," "compound cui-ves" and the words of Mark Twain, makes the ed me after that lesson in the County
so on. This "Professor," as he liked mistake of considering himself the Treasurer's office, I got a mark of 95
to be called, was no mere pen-wielder molasses, whereas he is merely the in writing. Moreover, I junked all the
if you please, but ascientific system- faucet through which the molasses old-fashioned copy-books in my school,
ist, who held that an exact know- flows. I had to deal with this chap with their miraculous copper-plate
ledge of how a letter should be con- when cashing my monthly warrant, copies, and rigid rulings, got the chil-
structed, was vastly more important and as part of the ceremony, had to dren to buy plain white paper, sent
than the mere constructing it. In fact, sign my name to the receipt. On one for enough Gaskell Compendiums to
he did not seem to care greatly how occasion, as I did so, the boy looked go around, and taught the children to
a letter was written, whether with on pityingly and obsei-ved: write the same way that the young
fingers or arms or fists, so long as it "Well! It seems to me, before I'd Treasury clerk had taught me, and
was put together according to specifi- have the cheek to set up as a school within a year, I had the whole country-
cations. These were hardly less pre- teacher, I'd learn to write." side Oh'ing and Ah'ing over the good
cise and elaborate than those required I was tempted to slap his face, but writing we were turning out in that
for erecting a cantilever bridge. Here fortunately, I happened to think of little school. I did not become much
is the way he required us to describe a favorite admonition of my old Dad- of a penman myself, as penmen go,
the operation of making the letter n: dy: "Never turn your back on a crit- except at the blackboard, where I had
Begin on base line and descend on icism: it may be of use to you." So better control (I am a pretty good
connective slant with left curve one I choked back my wrath and only said; (Continued on page 28)
18 ^ f^J^uJ/n^U^^'^/iu^i^ ^
D. H. FARLEY DIES IN HIS
80TH YEAR
The Penmanship Profession Loses In the recent death of Mr. Farley f
in Trenton, New Jersey, the penman-
Members
ji
Two of Its Prominent ship profession has lost one of its old-
est, and mo.st skillful and most re-
'I
spected members.
HORACE W. SHAYLOR terest in the progress of his young For more than half a century arti-
Horace W. Shaylor, widely known student. As is well known, it was Mr. cles and specimens from his pen ap-
penman and teacher and one of the Spencer's cu.stom to write his copies peared in journals devoted to the ad-
very few sui-\'iving pupils of Piatt R. for his students. This he usually did vancement of penmanship. Any one
Spencer, Senior, died at his home in in the forenoon of each day, conduct- interested in the art will be well re-
Portland, Maine, on December 30, ing his lessons in the afternoon and paid to look through the files of some
1925. He had been in good health evening. It was young Shaylor's old penmanship journals to acquaint
until about two weeks before his great privilege to spend many hours himself with his skill.
death, the end coming suddenly as the during his forenoons observing the His work was readily recognized,
result of heart failure. writing master at his work, absorb- since it possessed a decided individ-
It was the privilege of the writer ing inspiration, studying his methods uality and charm. We
are pleased to
to meet Mr. Shaylor last July at Ash- and striving to approximate his skill. be able to present several specimens
tabula, Ohio, and to visit, with him, On one of these occasions when Mr. of his work in this issue.
the old Spencer homestead near Gen- Spencer was conducting his course, he
eva, and the grave of Piatt R. Spencer invited Mr, Shaylor to go to Jefferson
a nearby town, to assist Hai-vey Spen-
cer who was giving courses in pen-
manship to the children of the public
H
sc.iools at this place. This experience
^^^^^^^^^^^E was very successful, so much so that
the elder Spencer encouraged Mr.
Shaylor to follow teaching as a
career, and invited him to join his class
at "Jericho," the log house on the farm
at Geneva, where Mr. Spencer was
training teachers in his system to sup-
^^^^^^^^^^^1 wKk
^1
i^^^^^H
ply the demand for instructors created
by the organization of the Bryant and
Stratton chain of business colleges lo-
cated in practically all the principal
cities of the country.
X Mr. Shaylor completed his course
of training in May, 1863, and was
^^^^^> //iV'
overwhelmed with joy on receiving
a diploma engrossed entirely by Mr.
Spencer. Tlie following year he joined
/<^.'^'^ tlie teaching staff of the Bryant and
^jy.:/ Stratton system, going to the school
located at Portland, Me. Here lie re-
mained as instructor in penmanship
in the Geneva Cemetery. He was a and bookkeeping until 1870, when he
charming gentleman to meet and talk was elected Supei-visor of Penmanship
to, and a splendid companion on a and Drawing in the public schools of
journey to hi.storic spots. Portland, which position he held for Until recently he was instructor in
Mrs. Shaylor died just a few years 45 years. handwriting in the State Normal
ago. There are two children, H. W. School at Trenton, having belonged
It was during his incumbency as to the faculty of that institution for
Shaylor, Jr., and Mrs. Harry True supervisor that he produced a series
Harmon, both living in Portland. Mrs. forty-three years.
of copy-books for Harper and Bro's Three sons survive him.
Harmon is well known
as a painter of
which had a very large sale. When
minia'ures and as a sculptor Mr. B. F. Moore of Rider College,
the Harper house discontinued their Trenton, was acquainted with Mr.
A. G. SKEELES. school-book department, Mr. Shaylor Farley for a number of years. We
prepared a series of copy books for quote" the following tribute from a
Mr. Shavlor was born on June 30, Ginn and Co. This series also enjoyed
This city recent letter we received from Mr.
184.5, at A.shtabula, Ohio. great popularity.
was for some time the home of Piatt Moore.
During the years succeeding his He stood very high in the profes-
R. Spencer, Sr., although he had re-
resignation, he devoted his time to sion forty or fifty ago and was one
moved to Geneva, located some ten
the study and practise of various of the "most kindly, lovable, old
miles away, before Mr. Shaylor's re-
collections'of him The elder Spencer branches of art for which he possess- gentlemen later in life it has ever
ed marked talent. He confined his been my experience to know. At
had taught school near Ashtabula at water and
which the mother of Mr. Shaylor was
efforts chiefly to colors, that time when such men as Robert
one of the pupils.
sketching in pencil. Spencer, Flickinger and Packard
pen- Aside from his professional life, in were in their prime. Mr. Farley de-
Young Shaylor's interest in
which naturally the penmen are most- veloper! a system of liandwriting for
manship dates from the time when he
Iv interested, Mr. Shaylor occupied a the public schools and for the train-
was ten years of age, when he pur-
prominent and useful position in soci- ing of teachers in normal schools
chased a blank book in which a neigh-
ety. Located as he was in (listant that was, for a number of years,
bor wrote copies for him. When he
was thirteen, the elder Spencer return- New England, a great majority of held in high esteem. After retiring
ed to Ashtabula to give a course of
penmen were never privileged to meet from the Normal School he was
iiim personally, but those who did consulted as an expert penman in
lessons. He returned to Ashtabula were impressed by the beautiful, man-
later on two different occasions to give
disputed handwriting (juite frciiuent-
ly cliaracter of this useful, lovable ly in our local courts.
similar courses. Owing to his ac-
Shaylor'.s mother, man. Mr. Farley was held in high esteem
quaintance with Mr.
Mr. Spencer took more than usual in- HORACE G. HEALEY. bv all who knew him.
[ ^ ^^Jr^u^/mi^^deu^i/h^
ters at the correct speed and rythm.
Over and over she traced, talking
Penmanship Devices and Plans about the trip of the cat as she de-
scribed the word but not once naming
a letter. Next the pupils traced in
the air counting softly with the teach-
er. Tracing with the first finger on
MAKING MISFITS FIT compliment them, they begin to see the desk, sometimes with eyes open,
Miss N. E. Davis, Teacher of Pen- some correlation between handwriting sometimes with eyes closed, occupied
mansliip in the George Washington antl the other subjects. the next few minutes. When a sec-
Junior High School, Pasadena, Calif- The final climax in making misfits tion of pupils was sent to the board,
ornia, secures some very fine work fit comes when these same pupils are they could hardly wait for the teach-
in her penmanship classes. We grant presented with a Zaner Method Cer- er's signal to begin. There were no
many Certificates to her pupils each tificate of Proficiency in Handwriting. conforming lines; no mention of size.
year. When a Certificate is not won Miss They made the picture of the word
In her last letter to us Miss Davis Davis states that the remark is often "cat." Results were very gratifying.
offers some suggestions for making made, "I am going to take this course Only a very few failed to make the
misfits fit in the penmanship class. every term until I do get a Certifi- "t" higher, close the "a" or hook the
Miss Davis is firmly convinced that cate." These few remarks gives us a "c." They were eager and anxious
a well directed penmanship class at- clue to the successful penmanship to display their new found skill and
tracts the attention and gains the teaching of Miss Davis. May her parents reported much practice on
confidence of inany students who tribe increase. home blackboards. The teacher next
would otherwise become problems in correlated her reading and writing.
discipline. She finds that the regular HOW TO ANIMATE THE PROCESS Stories, "Little Red Hen," "Wee, Wee
rythmic practice keeps their interest OF VISUALIZATION Woman," "Goat and the Boy," etc.
and attention to a very high pitch and By MRS. ELIZABETH LANDON, furnished the material for weeks to
Director of Handwriting, Binghamton, N. Y. follow. The pictures used in connec-
there is no time to think of mischief. Last year we experimented in tion with the first two stories of the
It is not very long before these
some of the first B grades. Instead Winston Primer were displayed in the
habitual sci'ibblers to
findtheir
of the analytical method used hereto- room to stimulate interest and assist
amazement that they are able to make fore, building words from a letter and
better letter forms and write a more in the association of ideas.
letters froni elements, we presented
presentable page than they had ever
a word in the first lesson at the board. COMMENTS ON FEB. B. E.
hoped to do. Then when the language We chose "cat" as our problem. The
or history teacher has occasion to Lister is fine. Smith is as good as
teacher asked one of the pupils to when he wrote his course for the B.
bring a cat to school. I cannot de- E. Signatures are interesting. Court-
scribe the interest aroused when hold- ney and Musselman's floui'ishing are
ing this beautiful cat in her arms, the good. Guillard well guided and dashy.
teacher told a delightful story about Old timer H. H. Stutsman is great,
a cat she once knew. Then she said, but the master greatest of all, not
"I am going to write the word "cat," excepting the fine engrossing, is
for you. Of course, every eye watched Darner.
intently as her hand formed the let- D. L. STODDARD,
Indianapolis, Ind.
^f '^i^-iCt^-T-'^T-t^'tT-r'^
'^^y^t^-^/l-^4yU^i
^.-<iy7y^y',.^.'^-y.^^yL^
The above letter is reKardcd by many as one of the finest ever written.
Mr. Shaylor who died December 31. 1925, has had a lonR and enviable reputation as a nenman and teacher. Few have turned out finer
work, especially at the aKe of "9. as shown by the siKnature under his photograph shown elsewhere in this issue.
The accuracy of detail in the above specimen can be profitably studied by all. Notice also the grace, and neat general appearance.
^ .^J^iiJ/n^d^£dfua^^
3. To what extent is writing con-
sidered in making promotions
The Teaching of Writing among your employees ?
By J. A. SAVAGE, Sape of Writing, Omaha, Neb. 4. Is it important that employees
in a business off'ice make good
figures ? Why ?
DEVICES The bird house idea can be made
more real if the teacher or some child
5. Which is more desirable, a plain
The Bird House signature, a fancy signature, or
will some times imitate bird calls,
a puzzle signature, which is
reminding the children that the birds
The Bird House idea is especially
will not sing if the perch is not kept
hard to read? Why?
good during tlie spring months when
in condition or if the bird
pi'oper 6. Has the extensive use of the
the children are interested in the re- house is tipped allowing the rain to typewriter, multigraph, etc. les-
turn of the birds, but is very effective enter the door. sened the importance of good
throughout the school year. This de- hand-writing ?
vice is for the purpose of helping the The Long Pencil
boys and girls to understand and make 7. Do you consider writing of
an" effort to keep the hand, fingers, Children who habitually turn the enough importance to justify
and pen or pencil in good writing hand over to the right can sometiines boys and girls in devoting suffi-
position. be helped by using a long pointer in- cient time, practice, and study to
In this scheme the hand is the bird stead of a pen or pencil. The heavy acquire a good stvle of penman-
house. If the hand is held in correct or handle-end of the pointer should ship ?
position, with the first finger nearly rest on the child's shoulder. This
straight, the thumb well curved, this forces the hands of little folks in the
will leave an opening large enough first grade into the correct position MINNEAPOLIS BUSINESS COL-
for a wren to enter between the thumb and impresses upon their minds the LEGE CATALOG
and the pen. This is, of course, the correct writing position. As soon as A beautifully well printed and pro-
door to the bird house. The cui-\'e the child realizes just how he should
fusely illustrated catalog has been re-
of the thumb makes a splendid perch hold his hand, the pointer may be ceived from The Minneapolis, Minn.,
directly in front of and below the replaced by the pencil.
Business College. J. H. Mosher, C-
door. The back of the hand is the A. Frantz, and G. H. Ross are at the
roof and should be at all times on the Good Writing Incentive head of this prosperous institution.
top to keep the rain out of the bird One of the best ways of convincing J. A, Buell, the skillful penman han-
house. The fingers should be curved upper grade children the importance dles the penmanship classes in that
under far enough to hold the bird's of writing and getting them to put institution and according to the splen-
eggs inside the house without crash- more effort in their penmanship is did record which Mr. Buell has for
ing them. This is easily demonstrated to read to them and display on the having his pupils win BUSINESS
by using a small ball to represent the walls letters from prominent business EDUCATOR Certificates we judge
e^%^. (A ping-pong ball gives the and professional people giving their that no other school secures better re-
most realistic imitation of the egg). ideas regarding this subject. sults.
Letters of this kind can be procured We know of no other school winning-
in any community. A few questions a laiger number of certificates over
to "Mr. Business Man" might help a period of many years.
to get the kind of replies wanted for
this purpose. Following is a list re-
J. D. Braswell recently purchased a
cently sent to business firms in Omaha. half interest in the Southern Business
1. Of how much importance do you College, Macon, Ga. Mr. Braswell
consider good business writing? writes a very strong business hand,
2. To what extent does the hand- and we wish him much success in his
writing of an applicant for a new undertaking. He is a former
position with your firm determine student of R. H. Bond, well known
whether he shall be employed ? skillful, professional penman.
e of v^v^vqA
^l^^UJ//t^^(f''dfU^i^?^ ^
2. Does the relative frequency of
use of the letters suggest anything a>
Can We Teach Writing? to the order in which they should be
taught?
ARTHIR G. SKEELES, Super
Combinations
With almost no exceptions, small
FIGURES AND QUESTIONS proves that these letters are made letters occur in words in combination
only rarely by most persons. with other small letters. Theoretic-
About Capitals Questions ally there might be 576 (26x26) two-
In writing the names of the mem- 1. Should the relative frequency of letter combinations; but actually there
bers of the National Association of use influence us in our teaching of are only 351 different two-letter com-
Penmanship, Super%-isors, as given in capitals? If so, how? binations in the 2500 words of Thorn-
the Report of the St. Louis meeting 2. Since O is used so infrequently in dike's list.
(April, 1924) the following capitals names of persons, would it be better No. of different No. of times
are used to begin practice in capitals with M Combinations each occurs
Letter No. Letter No. instead of O ? 146 1 to 9
3. Since X is used so infrequently,
M 56 F 15
might we employ a fonn that is easier
138 10 to 49
E 47 D 9 46 50 to 99
L 35 N 9 to make? (For most persons X is 19 103 to 177
A 33 P 9 probably the most difficult capital to 2 More than 200
C 33 T 7 make well.) The 21 combinations occurring
3 4. Since Q, X and Z are seldom more than 100 times each are as fol-
S 32
B 29 Y 3 required in the writing of pupils in lows :
H 23 I 2 the first three or four grades, might Combination No. of times occurring
G 17 Z 1 we postpone the teaching of these er 233 se 127
letters (except incidentally, in the few 212 124
J 17 Q re th
R 17 U cases where they are needed) until en 177 nt 117
K 16 V the fifth grade? in 176 an 114
W 16 X
m
Small Letters
A count of the small letters in the
St 158 at 111
A total of 429 letters are used ar 153 ve 111
the names of 167 persons. It will be 2,500 words in "Thorndike's Teachers' ea 145 ro 110
seen that the eight most frequent let- Word Book" shows the following fre- te 141 de 106
ters occur a total of 288 times, or
quencies :
or 135 ou 104
more than 67'7o of the total, while the Letter No. Per cent of total on 134 ce 103
1726 13.44
remaining eighteen letters occur only e le 129
r 1058 8.19 Do you know which letters are
141 times, less than 33':r of the total.
981 7.59 doubled most frequently, and which
A count of capitals on the front t
970 7 50
page of the Davton News, November, a are never (or rarely) doubled? Here
6 1925, and the Ohio State Journal,
897 6.94 are the figures from the list of 2500
n 796 6 16
November 9, 1925, showed the follow- words:
i 787 6 09 ee occurs 64 times
ing results:
Letter No. Letter No. s 748 5.79 11 occurs 60 times
they are indicative of the genius of Other tabulations confirm the fact
length of words in this list is slightly
thelanguage and not merely accident- more than five letters, on the average;
that k, X, j, (I and z are always (in my
al, will be seen from the following therefore, if each letter were placed
investigations) at the tail end of the
frequency of capitals, as given by the list, and that x, j, q and z each have
initially or finally in proportion to its
American Type Founders Company in a freguency of less than Vi of 1 per
total occurrence, about 209r of the oc-
their "Scheme for Cap Job Fonts." currences of any given letter would be
No. cent.
Letter No. Letter not as initials, and 20^'r as final letters.
The important consideration is
E 90 P 40
freciuency, but absolute fre-
The most marked deviations from this
relative
A 75 U 40
quency of use. If the letter q must
are as follows:
I 75 F 35
be written ten times every day, then Per cent Per cent
N 75 G 35
the writer must know how to make of total of total
O 75 B 30 occur- occur-
it, no matter whether he makes the
R 75 W 30
letter e ten times, or ten thousand
rences rences
S 75 Y 30
times, in the same time. These fig- Initial of that Initial of that
T 75 J 15
ures suggest the following questions: letter letter letter letter
C 50 K 15 68.2 w 51.0
V 15 Questions i
L 50 b 62.0 p 43.0
1. Do children in the first and sec-
D 40 Q 11 f 57.0 s 40.K
H 40 X 11 ond grades need to use x, j, q, and z, 52.6 c 39.2
(1
M 40 Z 11 or any or all of them, in writing their not used init-
Or Only one letter, x, is
These three tabulations agree in spelling or other written work ?
ially in this list.
showing Q, X and Z at the bottom of couUl tlie teaching of these letters be
deferred until the third grade? (Continued on page 35)
the li.sts, and common experience
^^<^Uii//i^M^d4/iu^i/^ ^ 23
CONVENTION NEWS the May dates. There will not only EASTERN COMMERCIAL
(Continued from page 7) be a program of excellence but with TEACHERS' ASSOCIATION
Des Moines as a host the social and Twentv-Eighth Annual Convention,
The time has arrived when we as entertainment features cannot be sur- New York City, April 1, 2, 3, 1926.
advocates of legible, practical, hand- passed. The three days at Des Moines Hotel Pennsylvania
writing must stand ready to give an will afford a landmark which will con- Officers:
"account of the faith that is in us." stantly grow in significance in the Frank A. Tibbetts, President,
This must take the form not only of new school year to follow. To make Wm. L. Dickinson High School,
firm conviction expressed with all the sure that you have your program in Jersey City, N. J.
forcefulness of which we are capable, advance, your request should be ad- John A, Luman, Vice President,
but in terms that will be consonant dressed to the Secretary, Mr. G. W. Pierce School, Philadelphia, Pa.
with what is being published concern- Puffer, Fountain City Business Col- Seth B. Carkin, Secretary,
ing other subjects in the school cur- lege, Fond du Lac, Wisconsin. Packard Commercial School,
riculum New York City.
Wherefore, let us assemble in Cleve- MICHIGAN STATE TEACHERS' Arnold M. Lloyd, Treasurer,
land prepared to make every possible ASSOCIATION Banks College, Philadelphia, Pa.
contribution to achieve the end above Do not fail to attend this meeting
mentioned. Until that time, let us The Sixth Annual State High School for it promises to be one of the best
carefully ponder topics likely to be Shorthand and Typewriting Contest in the history of the Association, if
discussed, viewing them from different will be held May 14, 1926, at Kalama- we may judge from the tentative pro-
standpoints, weighing arguments pro zoo, Mich. There will be eight big gram just received and which we re-
and con. thus fitting ourselves to events. gret came too late to be published in
speak with confidence, with clarity, For information write to E. D. Pen- this issue.
and with a directness of purpose suf- Western State Normal School,
nell. The secretary or any other officer
ficient to insure the fullest publicity Kajamazoo, Mich. will be glad to give you any informa-
of all matters which should come to tion you may desire regarding the
the notice of the convention. AN INTERESTING LETTER convention.
* * * * Dear Editor:
Present members of the Association
I have just received my Educator for Feb- DETROIT GREGG SHORTHAND
ruai-y and am more than delighted to find
are urged to send their annual dues therein a specimen reproduced from the beau-
ASSOCIATION
of one dollar promptly to the treas- tiful work of my first "writing master," the
late D. L. Musselman of the old Gem City
The Detroit Gregg Shorthand Asso-
urer, Mr. Skeeles, as funds are needed Business College of Quincy. ciationis composed of members who
for convention purposes. All who are Ihave carefully removed the sheet and am can write 125 words a minute for 5
interested in the aims of the Associa- having it framed. The old verse of "Take minutes on a test of literary material.
tion, and who are not enrolled mem-
the bright shell, etc.," is as familiar to me
my nd I belie oust ha This Association held its second an-
bers, are invited to join at once, there- usands of times trying to nual banquet on January 30. Associa-
by giving substantial evidence of their tate the hand of my old "master." tions of this kind should be encour-
I am now nearly 70 years of age and have
support. never lost interest in penmanship although I aged for they encourage greater skill
* * * * have never been able to acquire anything more in shorthand and are good for both
than a good legible hand. In 1874 I attended members and community.
Reduced railroad rates may be sec- the North Missouri School at Kirksville, Mo.,
ured if an attendance of 250 visitors and during a vacation betw-een terms. I went
is guaranteed. Do some vigorous over to Quincy at the solicitation of a fellow The following letter was sent with
student, one J. W. Hopper, an excellent pen-
missionary work among your associ- man. Prof. Musselman taught me the ele- Mr. Faust's membership fee for the
ates. You will add to the success of ments of Bookkeeping and penmanship for National Association Penmanship Su-
the convention and incidentally help about six weeks and this has been of inestim-
able benefit throughout my life hence my — pervisors. Now you know why his
diminish the cost of transportation tender affection for him and the "Gem City," friends call him "Sunny Jim."
to all. which I have never seen since.
It was likewise my good fortune to have Canton, Ohio,
once enjoyed a slight acquaintance with Mr. February
It would be well to make early res- J. H. Smith of Atlanta. Ga., a page of whose 8,
ervations for rooms. A little fore- work is reproduced in this issue.
I was the first Superintendent of the Henry
1926
thought in this matter will insure W. Grady Hospital of that city in 1892. as
more satisfactory accomodations, and well as a graduate of the old Southern Med-
Mr. Arthur G. Skeeles,
avoid the confusion and disappoint- ical College of that city. I again served in Columbus, Ohio.
the office of the chief surgeon, Hdqrs. Dept.
ment attendant upon the last minute of the Gulf, there in 1898-9. To me Mr. Dear Fviend:
notification. Smith's writing appears a perfect specimen of You bet
F. J. DUFFY the old Spencerian with which I was familiar
in my old school teaching days in Iowa and
I'm set
Chairman Publicity Committee Missouri. 1873 to '75.
This specimen of Mr. Smith's gets a page in For to go
THE CENTRAL COMMERCIAL my scrap book. To the show
Mr. J. J. Bailey's copies are fine, as are
TEACHER'S ASSOCIATION those of H. L. Darner, and the signatures by
Guiilard show great skill in flourishing, and O such luck
will hold its thirteenth annual meet- are beautiful. Here's the "Buck"
ing at Fort Des Moines Hotel, Des Mr. Lister's page 16, is especially inspir-
ing, and th? "engrossing" page of my Cana-
Moines, Iowa, May 6, 7, 8. Plans are dian friend. Mr. Walter, is beautiful. Keep your eye
in progress for a program in keeping Next to Prof. Musselman's work, the story On this Guy
with the standards of the Association of Carl Marshall gave me most pleasure. His
— a program that meets the needs of experiences and observations as related there-
in are very similar to some of my own while For I swear
private school managers, commercial teaching in the "baclc woods" of Missouri and I'll be there
teachers, whether in public or private —
prairies of Iowa and my grandfather was a
schools, and all who are imbued with teacher in Kentucky in 1800 and my mother
in 1868-70 in Indiana. Much of my experience Every day
the spirit of commercial education. and recollections would duplicate those of Mr. Up to May
Tlie Central Commercial Teacher's Marshall.
I fear I am tiring you and trying your pa-
Association has definitely proven it- tience with this long letter, so I will close April
self more than a mere clearing house with the statement that, to me. the February 28
for ideas; it is the embodiment of issue of the Educator is worth a whole year's 29
subscription, and I trust future issues may
achievement in carrying those ideas be even half as interesting. 30
to a sucessful culmination. Sincerely yours. Whoop la!
Every teacher of commercial sub- ALBERT FENSCH. U. S. Army. (Signed) W. C. FAUST,
jects coming witliin the province of Chief of the Military Information Bu..
of 2nd Division and Fcrt Sam Hous-
Supervisor of Penmanship,
the Association will want to resei^ve ton, Texas. 2917 Ninth Street S. W.
24 ^ f^Jr^aUn^U'i^/iu^i^r'
ited
^
a room recently in which there
were THREE interruptions within the
space of 20 minutes. In another room,
Public School Handwriting in the same school, there were the
same number of interruptions within
(A Comprehensive Bird's-eye View of Handwritins by a Normal School Teacher.) 25 minutes. As far as I was able to
determine, six of the seven interrup-
tions were absolutely unnecessary.
Our name and date writing lacks
TO HIS TEACHERS I am not so very well pleased with uniformity. Please watch this very
November, 1925. the variety of sizes of writing I see. important part of our work. Urge
Workfor better arrangement of the Devote enough time to teaching your your pupils to be careful of the size
work on the paper now. There should pupils that a uniform size of letters is of the capitals they use in this work.
be a rapid improvement in this part absolutely necessary if their writing Of course, names and dates should be
of our work There seems to be quite is to have a pleasing appearance. written at the close of the lesson and
a bit of room for it. Full space capitals for grades 3B, 3A, not at the beginning.
One line of drill work should be and 4B. Capitals 3/4 or 4/5 of a space The thumb against the penholder
sufficient for the loosening up process in the upper grades. or pencil should be the aim of teach-
needed at the beginning of each les- I believe that children learn to write ers in grades 2 and 3. I believe this
son. Urge your pupils to do this part by writing but they must know what position to be the best and quite a
of their work as skillfully as possible. they are trying to do, hence the nec- help to little people who are striving
Drill practice is a very necessary part essity of giving enough time to ex- to acquire a workable movement of
of every lesson but valuable time can plantion and illustration You can
.
the ai-m.
be wasted in this kind of practice if not give those successfully unless Kindly bear in mind that the regu-
we are not very careful. Our oval your class is attentive. If the super- lar teacher should devote her TIME
drills can stand a lot of improvement visor has trouble in securing the at- and ATTENTION to her class when
yet. They are not as neat as we hope tention of a class, with his visits as I am giving a lesson. I am not visit-
to see them later on. far apart as they are, it is a pretty ing her class for the purpose of giv-
A
light line or touch should be the sure sign that the regular teacher is ing her a rest period or time off to
goal of every pupil. I do not mean not in the habit of requiring attention. prepare some other lesson. New
the light lines that are the result of Anything that interrupts or takes teachers please note.
too much water in the ink. No pupil the attention of a class during a les- Respectfully,
can hope to acquire a light touch who son, that can be avoided, should not be R. W. CARR
does not sit well and hold his pen in tolerated. Every time the door to a Penmanship Supervisor.
the proper position. Correct speed is schoolroom opens, practically ALL Parkersburg, W. Va.
The B. E. will be glad to receive letter*
an important factor and is the direct pupils in that class stop work and look and bulletins used by other supervisors of
result of a proper position. up to see what is happening. I vis- handwriting.
^,^,-ii'tZ'i>-f'-7jifd^:dy!!---!^^
7.^:::z^</-7^€^:!<d^yt:'r^i^,^-t::i--i:t^^^
^^-r>inxyi--'f'7'Z^
\^ >
G)?^^
^ ^
lis. C£RTIi;IE5jTI1W
"\^^^
WOHTII^ OF (iPvADU
•J vziULr^"
lih luiiv lurcunb anixcc* cur >'[a,iiaturcs
at iXtnoucr, Dcntis^nuania^tKis L
PEN BY ARTHUR P.MYERS. YORK
of 19
26 d^ ^^J^3^uJ//ieJi^(^^i£fu:a/h^ ^
Signatures of Penmen and Teachers of Penmanship
Send your signature written in black ink, or better, a cut of your signature for this page, which will contain plain and fancy signs-
tnrea of men and women who are devoting their time and efforts to better penmanship.
c^
Teacher of Penmanship, Western, Ky., State
Normal School, Bowling Green, Ky. Penman. Thibodeau College, Fall River, Ma Penman. Douglas, Ga.
Mansfield, Pa.. Stale Normal School Inter-State Business College, Fargo, N. D Walla Walla, Wash., Business College
This old-time masterpiece written by Mr. Farley in 1886 will make the bays of today burn midnight o'l to equal it, if indeed they can
—
^ ^MJr^^uJi/i^S^'^/iu^i/h-
REMINISCENCES OF A NON-PRO-
FESSIONAL WRITING MASTER
abouts or even the existence of my
future business partner.
DESIGNING &
(Continued from page 17)
At that time, I think that the vet-
eran penman, M. A. Pond of Topeka,
ENGROSSING
blackboard penman even now), but was the only man in Kansas who had B. L. BROWN
the work of my pupils showed, as it been teaching penmanship rationally, Rockland. Me.
although that other dear old Master, Send seli-addressed postal for cri
has shown many times since, that a J. T Spalding was already installed stamps for return of specimens
fellow does not need to be a fine pen- at Kansas City, Mo. So, it wasn't DESIGNING AND ENGROSSING
man himself to be able to teach the long before my radical methods at E. L. Brown
art to others. There is really nothing Paola began to make the Jayhawker I n beginning we
strange in that. Great arti.sts have educators sit up and take notice. will urge careful.
rarely been great teachers of art, and Many other students of the school be- Drawing And thoughtful study in
the greatest teachers are seldom great sides the regular members of the writ- Development drawing and devel-
artists. Every experienced school man ing class, noticing the growing enthu- Leaves, Fruit opment, against
knows that many of our skillful pen- siasm and results, came into my class- And Ribbons. careless, indifferent
men have not shone when it comes es, on the advice of the President, to attention to the vari-
to their work before a class. Con- learn how writing should be taught. ous rules governing form, proportions
versely, some of the very finest teach- The summer normal institute law had and color values.
ers of writing whose work I have seen, been recently passed in Kansas, and I A good pencil drawing means that
were hardly above mediocrity as pen- was spending two months of every the battle is more than half won
men. Personally, I am inclined to summer working in these schools. As don't forget this fact. Aim for ac-
think that, as a rule, the artistic tem- Institute Conductor, took charge of
I curacy of form, and also for good pro-
perament is not a desirable possession the writing classes, and soon had all portions. In arranging the fruit and
for a teacher. the young teachers on the road to good leaves avoid a set appearance. Sug-
Some two or three years after the writing by the Gaskell route. Mr. gest lining for color values and indic-
events I have just related, I was pro- Gaskell began to register extreme in- ate places where darkest tones appear.
moted from the country school-teach- terest when these generous orders for Make your drawing on good bristol
ing into a position as a sort of gener- his Compendium commenced to come board, using Zanerian India ink and
al utility insti-uctor in the Kansas Nor- in, and it was not long before I heard Gillot No. 170 pen. Study the thick-
mal School, an institution that had from him appreciatively. ness, spacing and direction of lines in
lately been established at Paola, a For five happy years, I carried on treating color values. A very few-
town near the east border of the Jay- refonn in Kansas, then I
this writing short broken lines will produce tone
hawker State. My special field was went away for good, to California. values of fruit. Add each line with
Natural History, but being the only Coming back to the state nearly care. The ribbon makes a most inter-
member of the faculty who appeared twenty years later, I was surprised —
esting study note lines used to indic-
to know anything about teaching as well as amused to learn that in ate light and shade. The ribbon tied
writing, that work was wished on me. manv counties in the state, arm move- at top of wreath may be treated with
At the time I came, all the writing ment writing was still known as "The quite coarse lines, but the ends which
.students were provided with the Marshall Method." Such is fame. should float away into space must be
regulation old-fashioned copy-books, And so I come to the moot question drawn with very few fine shade lines.
and were required to do the regular as to whether I am really and truly Note the airy effect of the apples in
-Stunt of eleven lines a day. There a penman. If you could see my or- outline just above tlie wreath. The
was nothing mystic about the number dinary writing, or even the kind I do ribbon in lower left hand corner
eleven, but there were twenty-two when I am
trying to show off (which shows light and shade developement
lines to the page, and so it came is rarely) the question would be laugh- of the outline drawing as shown in
handy to do one lesson every two ed out of court at once And yet, I the opposite corner. In center of
days. The class registered about am still teaching my little mount- wreath is .shown two stippled planes.
as much enthusiasm over their work, aineers out here, to "write right" in You will observe that the uniform
as a bunch of convicts breaking stone the same way that the Treasury clerk tone is obtained by regularly spaced
in a road quarry. The President taught me, never having found a bet- dots of equal size. Before half-tones
of the school happened to be an ed- ter way, and I have a "Christmas let- came into such general use, portraits
ucator who had not yet undergone pet- ter" before me, written by one of these were drawn in pen and ink for zinc
rification, so he only grinned, when same little country youngsters, that etching, and stippling was often used
without consulting him, I sent the is a lot better than anything I can do, for flesh tones. However, stipple can
copy-books to the waste-baskets, or- or ever could. Only I don't now use be used for many commercial designs
dered a ream of white paper and per- Gaskell's Compendium, but the Zaner with pleasing effect.
.suaded each pupil to subscribe for a copies, that comprise the official
Gaskell. I may remark that this was course in this state, along with plenti- I am glad to note the steady im-
just about the time that our good ful stray copies of the Educator, that provement in content and appearance
friend A. N. Palmer, was working his are replete with writing even more of THE BUSINESS EDUCATOR.
way through the Gaskel School at Con- beautiful as well as practical, than J. F FLOWER,
cord, New Hampshire, by serving as anything Gaskel ever did. Newport Business College
janitor, but at that time, of cour.se, So, perhaps it is just as well if we and Secretarial School,
I was quite ignorant of the where- let the question go unanswered. Newport, R. I.
e is in the handwriting Piatt R. Spencer, Sr.. "The Originator and Founder of Spe: as posted in the
of East Ashtabula, Ohi in the spring of 1858. Mr. Horace W. Shaylor, who was a pupil ed the specimen.
Samples and estimate sent on re- Unlock the Gate of Opportunity in the Modem
quest. You must tell us the quantity and Coming Business World.
as it governs the pro-rata cost. Our Europe and the Americas and .\sia
50 years' experience may be of help SPOKEN ESPERANTO LEARN POLICY ENGROSSING and rccciv«
to you. Direct Method For Beginners a good salary. Twelve lessons will jjrepaPe
A teacher's manual, including class exercises, you to do the work. My ixperience of over
grammar, system, vocabulary in pic- twelve years as policy writer enables me to
AMES & ROLLINSON metric
tures, and index. 92 pp. 56 c. (cloth or 2 pai>cr nteed satisfaction. Terms, address.
206 Broadway NEW YORK CITY. $1) postpaid.
12
N. W. FROST.
Ash PI., Cambridge, Mass.
/^ww^--^
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unt of death of
old business
The Newton Automatic Shadins Pen Company Dept. B PONTIAC, MICH., U. S. A. Middle West. Attractive price little ;
^ f^J^u^'/i^ii^is^/iu^a/h^
Want Buy Business College
Prefer
to
Central States. City of 20 to SO thousand.
TEACHERS WE PLAGE YOU
Established 1906
%5sition?'
POSITIONS
Must
'"
We enroll only Normal and College Graduate
Have good Reputation, Stand close
BRANCH OFFICES:
investigation.
Give as much information as possible in fir^t
K0C/<r/^r-7£ACH£/^S
letter.
BOX
AGfTAfCY Portland, Ore. Minneapolis, Minn. Kansas City, Mo.
587. 410 U.S.Nat. Bank Bldc.Denver.Colo. K W, Bank llde. liinieir Eicliaiee llillo Sld{.
lucator. Columbus. Oh o.
YOUNG MAN with character, capacity and AN ART SUPPLEMENT (Fourteen by Twenty Inches)
capital can learn of an opportunity to be-
come a school owner by addressing Giving actual size patterns for cut-outs and illustrated
ESTABLISHED, directions for construction problems, comes with
Lock Box 107, Providence, R. I. THE SOUTHERN SCHOOL JOURNAL,
FOR SALE— Busines s Scht ol in good territory.
NEWPORT. KY.
Beginning with January, 1926.
New Equipment. No competition Price
(Send for sample copy.)
$5500.00 Address Box 5S6 care The Business
Educator . Columbus, Ohio.
of commercial education, as school manager, colleges for sale. Write for particulars no ch irge. —
advertising man. general all-round commercial Address M. S. COLE. Sec'y.
school assistant or solicitor. Best references CO-OPERATIVE INSTRUCTORS' ASS'N, 41 Cole Bldg., MARION, IND
furnished and required. Address Action, care
Business Educator, Columbus, Ohio.
32 .^J^3^uJ//te^i^^£'^/iu^i^r^ ^
HAROLD C. SPENCER PASSES COMMERCIAL TEACHER
AWAY All persons interested in commer-
cial education, and especially those
Through our old friend, C. E. Doner, interested in its perpetuation by pri-
we learned of the recent death, from vate schools, should not fail to read
pneumonia, of Mr. Spencer, who was Bulletin No. 16 issued by the Uni-
Head Master of the Charleston High versity of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, en-
School, Roslindale, a suburb of Bos- titled, "The Training of Commercial
ton. Teachers."
Mr. Spencer was born in England r The bulletin was prepared by E. G.
54 years ago and came to America in
his childhood. He was educated in
the schools of Providence, Harvard,
A Blackstone, instructor in the College
of Education and College of Com-
merce. Its purpose is set forth as
Columbia, University of Chicago, /J follows
Rhode Island School of Design and "This study was undertaken for
Boston University, From the latter the purpose of securing the facts as
he received the degree of master of to what is being done in institu-
arts, bachelor of science, bachelor of tions, all over the country, in regard
business administration and master of to commercial teacher training, so
business administration. He was a that the findings might be used in
Mason, a certified public accountant the development of such training at
and a member of Phi Beta Kappa and the State University of Iowa."
Beta Gamma Sigma scholarship soci- It inaugurates a most laudable
move right direction for the
eties.
In addition to his other numerous
r /' in the
training of commercial teachers; but
duties, Mr. Spencer for several years > y/Y'/Y/r//'//'/ after reading it one cannot help but
past was instructor in accounting and wonder what influence it will have on
mathematics in Boston University, private schools when practically all
college of business administration, and commercial teachers are trained by
in Simmons College summer school. r
/fYYY//Y//Y//Yy/ the universities. For obvious reasons
His widow, mother, and a brother it now seems that in time it will
survive. hardly be possible for the private
schools to compete with the state
The loss of one so thoroughly train- ' yY/Y/YYYY/Y///r'M universities in training commercial
ed and experienced in Commercial Ed-
He was teachers.
ucation will be keenly felt.
regarded by all who knew him as a On May 1 Mr. Blackstone will start
fine gentleman and highly talented in /Yrr/jY'// /y//y compilation of the material he is now
his field of commercial education and gathering. This should also prove to
penmanship. be an interesting document for all in-
terested in the cause of commercial
^y/Yf/YY///YY/ Yfy education. It is to be hoped that all
OBERLIN BUSINESS COLLEGE who should and can render Mr. Black-
PENMANSHIP CONTEST stone assistance in his undertaking
will do so.
President J. T. Henderson of the \=U. <YY7rYYYrrY////Yl
Oberlin Business College has just
awarded a prize of $10.00 in gold to Mr George R. Harrington, recently
Miss Lucile Stewart for making the Manager of the Douglas Business Col-
most improvement in her handwriting ry4fY////Y^YY//Y/Yj lege, Connelsville, Pa., is now with
during the Fall Term, and a prize of Beckley College, Harrisburg, Pa.
Mis.^" Henrietta Radell is a new
$5.00 in gold was given to Miss Marie
Heishman for handing in the best commercial teacher in the Rhodes
The above enprosser's sc-ripl was written by Prep School, New York City.
paper. L. an engrosser in the Kass2l En-
L. Fields,
Miss Helen Somers, last year head
Judging from the penmanship spec- grossing Studio in Chicago.
of the Department of
Secretarial
imens submitted, we believe that the Mr. Fields a recent product of the Zanerian.
is Nasson Springvale, Maine,
Institute,
penmanship in the Oberlin Business In fact we consider Mr. Fields one of the is a new typewriting teacher in the
College is up to the standard of the finest script writers ever turned out by the Commercial High School, Providence,
high grade work done in the other Zanerian. R. I.
subjects in that institution. Miss Helen B. An.sty is a new com-
The rest of the alphabet will api>ear in a
Mr. Henderson's offhand signature later issue of THE BUSINESS EDUCATOU. mercial teacher in the We.st Saginaw,
is one of the best that we have re- you don't ex- Mich., High School.
You'll not be doing your part if
ceived at this office for some time. press your appreciation of this work. Miss Margaret Dunlap of Emporia,
We hope to be able to reproduce one Kansas, has recently accepted a posi-
of Mr. Henderson's signatures on the tion with the Hillyard High School,
signature page of THE BUSINESS School Catalogs and Circulars have Spokane, Wash.
EDUCATOR before long. Students been received from the following: Mr. W. R. Burke of Everett, Mass.,
of ornate writing will do well to study Chillicothe, Mo., Business College; a H>25 graduate of the Salem Mass.,
and practice the graceful lines and The Tome Scliool for Boys, Port De- State Normal School, is teaching this
curves found in his signature, posit, Richmond, Va., Business School, year in the Northampton, Mass Com- ,
f
ness subjects.
reviewed in these columns, the object being to
give sufficient description of each to enable
the following:
The words correspondence, corresponded, cor- CERTinCATES.
"
our readers to determine its value. responding, and correspondent, are represented
by c I in longhand).
The words corrected, correct, and correc-
I
1926 Tax Diarv and Manual, Prentice- tion, by c or c rt.
Hall, Inc., New York City. Limp Catalog and Samples Free
The words collect, collectible, collection, by
leather binding, 364 pages.
The 1926 Ta.x Diarj- and Manual shows by
c or c
The words
It. (Lesson 5).
dear, dollar, direct, directed, di-
BROWN
HOWARD & MAINE.
',
' ROCKLAND,
calendar date, the exact day upon which each rector, directness, directory, directing, "could
-
of the 1.897 tax reports, returns and pay- be designated by the letter 'D' in first posi-
; ments should be made. This section in itself tion by those having a good memory, for the
will prove of immeasurable value to any one context of the letter would have to suggest
responsible for the payment of Federal or the meaning of the word. True, this outline
is sliorter than any shorthand outline, and
; It gives a digest of all the corporation, in- the student would have to depend upon his
heritance, and personal income taxes required memory. The teacher should also advise
'
by each of the various states. Under State whether or not the pupil is one who can de- DCJ 1 MADE
RFST mrtLfC s^ "'"> '"p "' and »<i-
j„3,jj 51.50 with three
> Corporation Taxes, for example, are shown pend upon remembering that the letter 'D' K. C. KING, 701 Met. Lite Bldg..
not set.
C what the states impose a tax upon corpora- stands for 'direct' or any of its derivative
Minneapolis.
tions, as such, what tax reports, returns and words." (Lesson 2.5).
payments should be made, and the basis of "If it is understood that the letter 'u' stands
" each tax. for no other word except 'unsatisfactory.'
then by writing 'u' in longhand we have an-
other outline shorter than the shorthand out-
How Advertisements Are Built, by (Les 16).
Gilbert P. Farrar. Published by D. The plan of the course is very simple. The
student learns the shorthand alphabet, and
Appleton & Company, New York uses the single-stroke word signs. Longer
City, N. Y. Cloth cover, 296 pages. words are written in longhand, thus avoiding
This book deals with the creation and pro- the difficult and troublesome rules for abbre-
duction of magazine and production of maga- viation in shorthand, which give so much
line and newspaper advertisements. It is in- trouble to many pupils. LEAKN AT HOME DURING SPARE TIME
tended for the use of two groups of readers ; It is stated in the Introduction that the sys- Write for book. "How to Become a Good Pen-
man," and beautiful specimens. Free. lo;?
the business man and the student of adver- tem is applicable to either Gregg or Pittman W.
tising. The business man needs a yard stick shorthand, but the sub-title of the work is. name on card if you enclose stamp, r. Mo.
for measuring the perfection of his own ad- "Pittman Shorthand Simplified." and most of TAMBLYN. 406 Ridge Bldg., Kansas City,
vertisement the student wishes to know how
; the instructions are for Pittamn rather than
modern advertisem;nts are built. Written by for Gregg.
an expert the book shows exactly how adver- "One thing that this System is noted for is
tisements are conceived, visualized, and then It can be read, and it is
put into type, pictures, etc.
the legibility of it.
safer to write and doubly so when the small THE AMERICAN PENMAN
words are written out in full." (Lesson 11). Handwriting Magaime
America's
It is suggested that the following words be
The Discovery of Intelligence, by Jos. written out in full: Can, change, cash, come, Devoted to Penmanship i nd Commercial
K. Hart. Published by the Century charge (Lesson 5) more, must, make, m-ght.
:
Edacation
name, nor, never, (Lesson 11) told, these,
Co., New York City. Cloth cover, (Contains Lessons in
;
The ree Enrollment. Splendid Opportu egistrations last year. 44 N. 4lh St.
Send for Sample Copy.
JOURNAL OF COMMERCIAL EDUCATION
PHILADELPHIA. PA.
HUFF TEACHERS AGENCY MISSOULA. MONTANA
—
^ f^J^uJ/n^U^i^4i&u*j/fr^ ^
BOQUETS worth of latest-model Underwood COLONEL GEORGE E. SOULE
We are pleased to receive so many Typewriters."
On January 26 Colonel George E.
complimentary letters regarding the The well-known commercial educa- away
Soule passed at the age of 92
work of different penmen in the Feb- tor, R. J. Maclean, is the moving
years. America has lost one of its
ruary issue. While each person ex- spirit back of the Detroit Commercial
most widely known educators and
pressed admiration for some particu- College. The purchase of so many scholars. He conducted the Soule Col-
lar specimen, all specimens came in typewriters is evidently indicative of
lege, in New Orleans for 70 years.
for their share of praise. Regardless great prosperity for that institution.
Word of Colonel Soule's death came
of age, skill or ability everyone likes It seems not so very long ago when
too late to give further information
to be "patted on the back" when he the purchase of $500 worth of type-
regarding him in this issue.
does something which is appreciated, writers for a commercial school
or which is especially good. seemed a rather large investment, but
Wefear that far too little has been we must remember that enrollments MR. MEADOWS SAYS:
done lately in the way of encouraging in many schools were very small then
contributors. When you see a deserv- in comparison with today. It isestimated that every day spent
ing specimen published in THE BUSI- Detroit is one of the great cities of in business college is worth twenty-
NESS EDUCATOR compliment the the United State and we believe one six dollars to the individual student.
writer. of the most prosperous. Mr. Mac- This is based on a general average.
If he is a beginner one encouraging lean's School is therefore evidently To some, every day will eventually
letter may send him on the road to keeping pace with Detroit's progress. prove to be worth a great more than
success. If he is an experienced pen- that. To others, it will probably be
man it will encourage him to submit It all depends on how
more and better work.
SILENCE
KARAM SHORTHAND worth less.
you apply yourself, how you use your
kills interest, so let us IN 30 TO 60 DAYS time.
pass along the boquets when they will Some students spend several hours
do the most good. It will not take KARAM SHORTHAND a day studying outside of school hours.
much of your time and may do an is efficient, practical, speedy — the sim-
Others don't even use the regular
immense amount of good. plest system ever devised. school hours as well as they might.
$5000 WORTH OF TYPEWRITERS CORRESPONDENCE COURSE Result: The former gets through in
Both Shorthand and Typewriting the minimum time and goes out on a
From the Detroit News of Decem- good paying position; the latter drags
ber 31, 1925, we
quote the following: successfully taught by mail.
information. his or her course out over a long per-
"Typewriting enthusiasm will reach Write for full
iod of time and is fortunate to get
its zenith in Detroit next Monday
morning when the nationally known
KARAM CORPORATION a position even paying the minimum
salary.
Detroit Commercial College world — 117 '/z West Second Street
winner in competitive tests in touch OKLAHOMA CITY, OKLA. So, use your time to the best ad-
vantage. You get out of your course
typewriting and Gregg Shorthand
begins its 24th year with a brand
what you put into it. Likewise, you
get out of life what you put into it.
new typewriter equipment, including (Mr. Meadows is President of Draughon's
the purchase this week of $5,000 ^ddress Business College, Shreveport. La.)
^^^r^ia//i^U^^^/fu^i^:r ^ 86
H
"
FIGURES AND QUESTIONS
A Magazine of ART,
(Continued from page 22)
The study of final letters gives a
few striking per cents:
Per cent
of total .
-r.Hnt..
\aQ NATURE, SCIENCE,
Mental.
Physical
CLEAN,
BEAUTIFUi.LTandpro£ul"eiri&ated'D?it
Moral and
Culture.
educational,
I Final
Letter
occurrences
of that
letter
1^°^^.- iiP?'^^^ e"'^ ^^^ HUMAN FIGURE
Art and Photosraphy. iSsson^^
composition, retouchins. etc. Amateur
contests, cash art assignments. For ART and NATURF
y 83.4 lovers. Correspondence and High School Art Studtnts
Designing. in
k 52.7 Illustrating, Cartooning. Comic Drawing ai^d
d 38.1 7 „ - Photographers, Photo-takers, Signwriters Amatoni- WritI,.
T t 34.7
^^ P»^'»- Nothing in it that a child should
^t seV"'
The Body Beautiful. Mind Intellectual. Soul Intuitional, rifd Stands 1o?
fskne and pr^
e 32.8
Small e is the most frequent final
rw,"'ll''^'"'°'?'7
°'
Can t bedescribed. must
='"'^
be seen. °t
'"'i"8
"f^- DIFFERENT. Nothing like
Send now. with S2.50 for a year
y siib
T
'ith SI for a 4 mo. Triaf Sub.
6 big back issues.
letter, being used in 567 different ART AND LIFE, DEPT. 2597, Kalamazoo, Mich.
words. Five letters, i, v, j, q and z
are not used finally in any of the
words in this Ust. LEARN ENGROSSING
Questions in yoar spare time at home.
1. Do we
learn to write letters in Thirty Lesson Platea and
combinations, so that a frequent com- Printed Instructions mailed
to any address on receipt of
bination, such as er, is easier to write two dollars. Cash or P. O.
than jn or Ip, which each occur in Money Order.
only one word in this list? p. W. COSTELLO
2. Should words for practice be Engrosser, Illominator and
Designer
chosen with reference to frequency of Scranton Real Estate BIdg.
the combinations employed ? SCRANTON. PA. oJpecial a{/en^ion gjven
Should j be taught first in words
3. ^0 reproduction ofScnpt
which it occurs initially, and y first
Learn PENMANSHIP By Mail
in Business Writing a Specialty. Send for Cir- and 'Penmanship Copies
in words in which it occurs finally cular. Up-to-date Visiting Cards 3oc Doz.
since these are the positions in which
these letters are most frequently
written
4.
?
Is this matter of the relative
Engraving Co.
frequency of letters and combinations (;i; En^avers
of any interest or value, or does the
306 Boyle Ave.. NEW CASTLE, PA.
v Designers
fact that frequently-used words are
generally selected for practice auto- HANDWRITING EXPERT. Script for Pub- Ki IllQstrafors
lishers. Diplomas made and filled. Resolutions
matically provide for practice on the Engrossed. Lessons in Ornate Card Writing.
most frequent letters and combina- Scrap Book cards 50c. Your name 35c doz. Coliutibixs, Ohio
tions?
(The writer does not mean to imply
that he has any answer to any of
They remain as
these questions.
questions in his own mind. What an- Home Study—Free Tuition
.swers do you suggest?) High School. Normal. Business, Law, Civil
Service. Engineering, Drawing. Domestic
Science, Salesmanship and Collegiate courses
Mr. C. C. Lister, thoroughly taught by mail. Typewriting course
Maxwell Training School for Teachers,
1764 Noble Rd. CLEVELAND, O. free of tuition.
New York, N. Y.
Dear Mr. Lister:
It is a time of year in which we
usually make a special effort to ex-
press to our friends our appreciation
of their existence and influences in
Gillott's Pens
our lives. It is, therefore, my desire
The Most Perfect of Pens
to pass on to you a few words express- fif£S£yrtr^Aact!a£C!. _
ing my appreciation of the monthly
page you have been giving the readers
of the Business Educator for more
than a year.
Your pages in the Business Educa-
tor are the finest pages of business
EDWARD C. MILLS
writing, taken as a whole, that I have Script Specialists
ever seen reproduced. Not only that, p. O. Drawer 982 ROCHESTER, N. Y.
but they have, through the messages The finest script for Bookkeeping Illus-
trations, etc.. copy for which is prepared
they carry, been a real course in Pen- Send copy for estimate. No. 601 E. F. Magnum
for the engraver. Quill Pen
manship Teacher Training. I want,
therefore, to say to you, Mr. Lister,
that I have appreciated your contribu- Pens stand in the front rank as re-
Gillott's
tions to the Business Educator more -ARTHUR. H.IMYERS gards Temper, Elasticity and Darability.
than any other feature that publica-
FINE .VKT ENGROSSER UP
tion has run for several years.
rriiiiliitunis.(U^alinunitil5.
JOSEPH GILLOTT & SONS
With very best wishes for a happy
and prosperous New Year, I am I'JUcinorinlsi^lomas.Cortificatcj.Cbirtci-J. SOLD BY ALL STATIONERS
Very sincerelv vours, 4^ BOOK PLflTtS. HONOR ROLLS. TITLE PAGES AND
f _ C0AT5-0f-ARM5.ClI«l(T Oe>IS»5 fOR MEMORIttllBLIT'
Alfred Field &
R. r! REED _^1 TlM»r».MtMTJ,|,,L,tP.WARE.F„EjEWEU<T,ETC
Co.. Inc., Sole AgenU
Supervisor of Penmanship, „iiiran^rj, '^ifTm/ii/'.^^a^.iiniijfuHutSaLJU.uuiT.
93 Chambers St. NEW YORK CITY
jFerris Institute, Big Rapids, Michigan.
PENMANSHIP SUPPLIES
Prices subject to change without notice. Cash should accompany all orders.
All goods go postpaid except those listed to go by express, you to pay express charges. Of
course, when cheaper, goods listed to go by express will be sent by parcel post, if you pay
charges.
PENS PAPERS
Zanerian Fine Writer Pen No. 1. Zanerian 5 lb Paper (wide and narrow rule):
gr $1.75 % gr $ .50 1 doz $ .20 1 pkg. of 240 sheets by express $1.50
Zanerian Ideal Pen No. 2, Zanerian Medial Zanerian 6 lb Paper (wide and narrow rule):
Pen No. 3, Zanerian Standard Pen No. 4, 1 pkg. of 240 sheets by express $2.00
Zanerian Falcon Pen No. 5, Zanerian Busi-
ness Pen No. 6. Zanerian 7 lb Paper (wide rule):
1 pkg. of 240 sheets by express $2.25
gr $1.25 % gr $ .40 1 doz $ .15
Special prices in quantities. We also handle Zanerian Azure (Blue) Paper:
Gillott's, Hunt's, Speneerian and Esterbrook's 1 pkg. of 240 sheets by express $2.00
pens. Write for prices. Zaner Method No. 9 Paper (yg in. rule, SxlO'/j)
Broad Pointed Lettering Pens. 1 pkg. of 500 sheets, not prepaid $ .85
Complete set (12 pens) $0.35 100 sheets by mail postpaid 50
doz. single pointed pens 15 Zaner Method No. 15 Paper (% in. rule,
doz. double pointed pens 30 8x10 '/j):
doz. single pointed, any No 25 1 pkg. of 500 sheets, not prepaid $1.50
doz. double pointed, any No 60
INKS
PEN HOLDERS
Zanerian Fine Art Oblique Holder, Rosewood: Zanerian India Ink:
11 V4 inches $1.25 8 inches $1.00 1 bottle $ .40 1 doz. bottles express....$4.00
Zanerian Fine Art Straight Holder, 8 inches..$1.00 1 bottle Zanerian Gold Ink 25
Zanerian Oblique Holder, Rosewood: 1 bottle Zanerian White Ink 30
111^ inches $ .75 8 inches $ .65 Arnold's Japan Ink:
1 bottle, 4 oz. postpaid $ .50
Zanerian Expert Oblique Holder, 7'/i inches:
1 only $ .20 1 doz $1.25 % gr $6.50 1 pint by express 75
^ doz 75 V4. gr 3.50 1 gr 12.00 1 quart by express 1.16
^ r^A^r^u^ned^^^/iu^i/h-
Dr. Doescher's preparation for the work Mr. Chambers, who is recogni/.ed by the
penmanship profession as one of the finest
which he plans to do in our summon blackboard writers and teachers in the
-school is as follows: A. B., Capital Uni- country, will be one of the instructors in
versity 1918; A. M., Princeton University the Zanerian Summer School.
l'.t21; Ph. iJ.. Princeton University 192:J Mr. Chambers has taught in Springfield,
Mo.. Portsmouth, Ohio. Covington, Ky.
Charlotte Elizabeth Procter. Fellow in Phi- Cincinnati. Ohio. Pittsburgh. Pa., Uni
losophy, Princeton University. 1922-23. versitv of Virginia, Charlotlosville. Va.
Dr. Doescher's ability as a scholar, his Zanerian Summer School and Bliss College
Columbus, Ohio. His experience in
skill as a teacher and his patient and sym- ncctinn with his exceptionally high order
pathetic attitude toward his pupils have of .skill in all branches of penmanship
endeared him to the student body of make his instruction ver>' valuable. He is
a hard working, conscientious teacher. He
Capital University, and we predict a simi- has spent many summers in the Zanerian,
lar experience for him at the Zanerian Wc are fortunate in again securing his
this summer.
Co/umbus, Oh/o
^ f^^f^u4/ned^^Uiu^i/^
times demand new ways. The UNUSUAL OPPORTUNITY TO MEET AND EXCHANGE
VIEWS with leaders from all parts of the country.
Gregg Normal is the recognized leader COURSES CARRY FULL CREDIT VALUES for degree or
advancement purposes.
in resultful methods of teaching com- ANY EXPERIENCED COMMERCIAL TEACHER OR EDU-
CATIONAL ADMINISTRATOR— MAN OR WOMAN may
enroll.
mercial subjects. NO BETTER PLACE TO SPEND A SUMMER FROM
STANDPOINT OP CLIMATE. Historic Interest and
Scenic Beauty including seashore, mountains, lakes, and
At the Gregg Normal you will receive forests.
SEND FOR BULLETIN
the mental refi'eshment that will help Director of Summer School— Harvard Un iity.
Cambridge, Massachusetts.
you to step out of the ranks of the ordi-
For special information regarding courses write Professor
nary. Courses are arranged to meet '. G. Nichols, Lawrence Hall, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
By E. O. P
^:M^r3Bu4/iu^£deu:a/h- ^
The lessons are arranged on the unit plan —each complete in itself
making it possible for students to enter the class at any time.
Text complete with brief exercises at the end of each lesson, SI. 00
Supplementary Exercise Book, _ 40
J
d^ f^^^Uii/n^^(^^(/iu^i^?^ ^
ADams 4439
Isaac Pitman & Sons
2 West 45th Street NEW YORK
:
THE
U5tnes5 Stturatnr
Volume 31 COLUMBUS, OHIO, APRIL, 1926 Number 8
TENTATIVE PROGRAM NA- (e) The Penmanship Outlook for on Auditorium Platform,
TIONAL ASSOCIATION OF 1926, Bertha A. Connor, Direc- (c) Luncheon at Tremont School.
tor of Penmanship, Boston Pub- Thursday Afternoon
PENMANSHIP SUPERVISORS lic Schools. 1 P. M.
Cross-town Bus Ride to Ches-
Twelfth Anniversary Meeting, Wednesday Afternoon terfield and Donora Schools.
April 28th, 29th and 30th, 1926.
1:30 P. M Hotel Cleveland 6:30 P. M.
(a) Should all the Teachers of a Twelfth Anniversary Banquet
School be Required to Teach at Hotel Cleveland.
Headiiuarters Handwriting or Is the Special
Hotel Cleveland, Public Square, Teacher Plan a Greater Suc- Friday Forenoon
Cleveland, Ohio. cess ? Laura J. Breckenridge, 9:30 A. M.
West Lafayette, Indiana. (a) Election of Officers.
Wednesday Forenoon (b) Correlation of Reading and (b) How to Improve Our Penman-
Writing in the Primary Grades, ship Methods, A. M. Hinds,
9:30 A. M Hotel Cleveland
Alice E. Benbow, Trenton Pub- Louisville Public Schools.
Music by Girls' Glee Club, Mr. Davis,
lic Schools. (c) Manuscript Writing, A. N. Pal-
Director, East High School.
(c) How I Arouse Interest and En- mer, New York City.
Courtesy of Mr. Morgan, Direc-
thusiasm in My Schools, Lucre-
tor of Music, Cleveland Public Friday Afternoon
tia Cavanah, Cleveland Public
Schools. 1:30 P. M.
Schools.
(a) Address of Welcome, including (a) Penmanship Plans and Devices,
a talk on Supei-vision, Dr. Thursday Forenoon J. A. Savage, Omaha Public
Bixby, Assistant Superintend- 8:45 A. M. Schools.
ent of Cleveland Schools. (a) A Visit to the Tremont School, (b) Greater Demand for Better
(b) Response, Lettie J. Strobell, one of the largest elementary Writing, Gene G. Farr, Flint
Pittsburgh Public Schools. grade schools in the United Public Schools.
(c) President's Address. States. Leave Hotel Cleveland (c) Finale, C. A. Bamett, Director
(d) Our Alphabet, S. E. Leslie, at 8:45 A. M. with guide. of Handwriting, Cleveland Pub-
Spencerian School, Cleveland. (b) Demonstrations from Four lic Schools.
Leading Supervisors with Class
a/? (3
^ f J^
/7 "^
THE BUSINESS EDUCATOR SUBSCRIPTION PRICE, $1.25 A YEAR The Business Educator is the best medium
(To Canada, 10c more; foreign, 20c more) through which to reach business college pro-
Published monthly (except July and AugTist) Single copy, 15c.
By THE ZANER-BLOSER CO.. Change of address should be requested prietors and managers, commercial teachen
612 N. Park St.. Columbus, O. promptly in advance, if possible, giving the old and students, and lovers of penmanship. Copy
E. W. Bloser Editor as well as the new address. must reach our office by the 10th of the month
E. A. LUPFER . - - - Managring Editor Advertising rates furnished upon request. for the issue of the following month.
^ .^^^uUn^d^f^/iu^ii^ ^
Lessons in Handwriting
MABEL
By VOGAN, Supervisor of Ha
ill be glad to give you good criticisms if you will se tiBton. \V. Va.)
Group Seven
Exercise One
Review the one space direct running oval. By this time you should have pretty good control over this movement.
Exercise Two
Try the one space open oval, then make push pull exercise inside each oval beginning with an upward curve and
ending with a downward curve. Count 1-2-3-4-5-6- for each oval and the same for each push pull. Think light lines
and good slant.
Exercise Three
Make this "a" exerci.se a whole space high first, then cut it down to "a" size. Count Curve 1-2-3-4-5-6-finish.
Take care to slant the downstroke and to touch the base line before swinging upward.
Exercise Four
This "a" exercise starts like "o" on the left side, but the right side is flat. Close the top. Push pull and cui-ve.
Count Over-round, 1-2-3-4-5-swing. Make a whole space, then reduce to "a" size.
Exercise Five
To make the "a", cui-i-e the over-stroke well. Study the shape of the white space inside the letter. Count
1-2-3. Write about 60 letters per minute. Note the small "i" in the "a." If you have good "i's" in your letters and
closed tops the form must be pretty good.
Exercise Six
When joining the four "a's" count "a"-l-2-3-4 slowly. Point the tops. Cui-ve tlie joining strokes well. Make good
elbow cur\'es at the finish of every letter.
Exercise Seven
Test your skill again on these words. Have you made any progress since we tried the other words ? If your
position and movement are correct the slant will take care of itself. Work for uniform lines on a whole page. Can
you write at lea.st three good, legible lines in a minute ? Don't be satisfied until you can.
Group Eifjht
Exercise One , . , r a
. i <-.
Now we are ready to study some capitals! Let us begin with the direct oval group which is composed of A, C,
(), D, and E. Try several lines of the direct oval movement. Putting the push pull in the ovals makes for better con-
trol and will help you with the slant side of the "A."
Exercise Two
Make six counts of direct oval, then .slant upward about 2-3 over to the right inside the oval and push pull six
counts. Snap the finish off with a curve ju.st below the base line.
Exercise Three
Start this exercise with the pen in motion. Curve toward the left and downward. Make the right side flat as in
small "a." Aim to close the top. Push pull and finish below the line. Count 1, 2-3-4-5-6.
Exercise Four ^ „ , ^. ,
Start the "A" with the pen in motion. Make the left side cui-ve. Slant tlu- right side up to a point. Retrace about
^ f^^*^Uii/n^di'<S(i^iu^i/i?^
half way down and snap the cun'e off below the base line with the pen in motion. Count 1-2 at the rate of 60
letters per minute.
Exercise Five
Apply the "A" in these words. Work until you can swing some good ones.
Group Nine
Exercise One
Count this oval exercise 1-2-3-4-5-6-swing using direct movement. These do not need to touch at the sides, but
you should write about fifteen ovals to the line. See how nicely you can retrace each oval.
Exercise Two
Start the little loop leftward with the pen in motion. Swinq: over to the left and around six times and finish with
a curve to the right with the pen still in motion. Count 1-2-3-4-5-6-swing.
Exercise Three
This is another good development for the capital "C." Begin the same as exercise two, but swing on over retrac-
ing the whole letter about three times and finish. Count 1-2, 3-4, 5-6-swing.
Exercise Four
Study the large foi-m of the letter carefully. 1. Keep the closed loop a little below the arch of the oval. 2. The
loop slants like push pull exercise. 3. The loop extends about half-way down. 4. Note the space between the loop and
the back of the letter. Curve both sides of the loop equally. It resembles small "e" reversed. Count 1-2; or loop-
swing, etc.
Exercise Five
Alternate the oval tracer and the "C" counting rather slowly for the tracer so you will not be hurried too much
in trynig to swing the letters between.
Exercise Six
In making any difficult capital letter you will get better forms if you motion the letter several times abcfve your
paper before letting the pen touch. Sometimes motion an oval before touching the paper. How many good letters can
you make in a line ? Put a lot of practice on this capital and the "E" will be easier for you.
Exercise Seven
Begin this exercise with the pen resting on the paper. It is composed of two half space direct ovals joined by a
loop in the middle. Finish with a swing as in the "C" tracer. Count Dot-l-2-3-4-5-loop-l-2-3-4-5-swing. BE sure to
pull the lower oval farther toward the left than the upper one so your exercise will have good slant.
Exercise Eight
Same as THE above except that we finish with a loop rather than a swing.
Exercise Nine
Alteraate the oval tracer and the "E." Study the dotted lines. 1. The slant of the ovals should be the same as
push pull. 2. The dot or tiny loop at the top is on push pull slant. 3. The middle loop looks down toward The base
line. Make the "E" ouickly. Count 1-2-3 at the rate of 40 to 45 letters per minute.
Exercise Ten
See if you can dash off some eood capitals. Be sure of the slant by pulling the lower oval to the left more than
the upper one, and make the middle loop slant downward.
Exercise Eleven
Try making the "E" with this finish then decide which form you make better and adopt that form for your own.
Exercise Twelve
Here are some more words for you to tackle. Always join "C" and the "E" which has a similar finish to the
following letter. Try several pages of these and other words applying "C" and "E."
'OQ^Q^
10
^ f^^r^uJ//mU^(^^/iua/h^
Group Ten
Exercise One
Remember that systematic study and careful practice wins. Try the one space open oval again and see if you
can swing them off easily and lightly. Make 18 or 20 ovals on a line.
Exercise Two
This is the "0" tracer. Be sure your pen and hand are in the proper position, then make the oval lightly and
finish with the little loop which resembles a carelessly finished small "e." Keep the finish on the right side and
cui-ve upward as if to make a small oval at the top.
Exercise Three
Relax your muscles and swing the "0" off gracefully. Get the pen in motion before touching the paper. Slant
the oval. Keep all the finish to the right. Close the top. Cui-ve the finish as if to make a small oval at the top. The
"0" should be 2-3 as wide as its length. Count 1-2; or 0-swing, etc.
Exercise Four
This is a compound curve exercise. We need to practice it just now becau.se "D" contains such a stroke. Begin
at the top and swing under, leftward crossing in the middle. Aim to show the same amount of white space in both
parts. Count 1-2, 3-4, 5-6.
Exercise Five
The "D" exercise starts and ends just like the "0." Note the compound curve in the downstroke. The small loop
at the bottom known as the "toe" is like a small "e" reversed. Make a good arch in the bottom of the letter and be
sure to make the "heel" touch the line. Swing on over the top of the letter retracing three times before putting on
the loop finish. Count 1-2, 3-4, 5-6-finish.
Exercise Six
Begin and end this drill as you did number five. The only difference is that we make an "0" tracer after the
"heel" touches the line. Count 1, 2-3-4-5-6-finish.
Exercise Seven
Study the large form very carefully before trying any letters of your own. 1. Start with the pen in motion the
same as the "O." 2. Stand up "on the "toe." 3. Cross the downstroke rather high. 4. Touch the ba.se line again. 5.
Finish like "0." Close the top. Count 1-2-3 at the rate of 40 to 45 letters per minute.
Watch the slant of your paper. Try to get a clear mental picture of the letter forms. Hold the pen lightly.
Write these words many times and compare with some of your first ones and note your improvement. Have you
better lines, slant, spacing, and better forms?
^^^^uJ//i^^6:i/iu^i/fr' ^
No. 1. Here are some good movement developers. Swing boldly at them, paying special attention to spacing and
speed. They cannot be mastered in a moment, so spend some time on each.
No. 2. A good test of your writing skill will be found in these signatures. Practice them critically and diligently
until you are able to write each one freely, easily and accurately. Never be content with mediocrity. Nothing but the
best should satisfy you.
12 ^ ^^^f^^u^'/mi^f^Jiu^i^?^
No. 3. Here we have words containing all the capitals of the alphabet. Work for uniform size, slant and spacin
See how easily you can swing off these words.
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No. 4-16. In learning to write sentences practice each word separately until you can write it well. Next, write
each word six or eight times in columns each in its proper position in the line. Then write it as a line, paying special
attention to the initial and ending strokes and the spacing between the words. Go over each line carefully, marking the
errors, and then write it again trying to overcome the faults you discovered. If you do this systematically the last
line of the page should show marked improvement over the first one.
In the business forms study well the style, arrangement, spacing and size. Maintain the same wording as in the
lines in the copy. Write and rewrite each one many times until you notice an appreciable improvement.
In the paragraphs pay special attention to the style, arrangement, size and spacing. Write the same number of
words on the line as in the copy. Be careful of the initial and ending strokes, and use good movement and speed in
writing. Rewrite each one many times, striving to correct all the errors that were in the preceding one.
xZ^ -c^'tz^^yT'Z'^.-'y^^
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By H. B. Lehman, Beaomont High School, Si. Louis, Mo.
The above specimen is by L. M. Gordon, a student in the Vancouver, British Columbia, Normal School, who writes as follows:
"Please find enclosed money order for a renewal of my subscription to THE BUSINESS EDUCATOR. I have only subscribed to the
B. E. for one year, but I consider that it has already earned its subscription for many years to come. My writing has improved so
much during the past year that I have been tempted to try for the Professional Certificate."
Mr. Gordon has almost reached the professional certificate standard.
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This specimen was written by Helen R. Byrne, pupil in Milwaukee Stale Normal School. We
receive many very fine specimens written in blue ink which we arc unable to reproduce. Keep
in mind that writing to engrave must be real black.
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A hiilory lesaon by Sarah Raymond. High School pupil in Binghamton, N. V. Elizabeth Landon directs the writing in Binghamlon Schoab.
16
Helpful Criticisms
We have had numerous requests to criticise writing thr lugh our columns. We shall, therefore, endeavor to offer a few criticisms with the
hope of helping the teachers to give constructive criticisms and pupils to improve their handwriting. Please bear in mind that the criticisms
which we may make are for the purpose of helping you a id others. You should feel thankful (not resentful) if your specimen is criticised,
for it will help you to see your mistakes.
The specimen below contains a very fine, free swing nd is full of good things. This pupil, however, can make still further progress by
j
improving the things criticised. Notice the "y" in **my" looks like a *'g." The top turn is too sharp. By rounding it out. more legibility
,vouid be secured. The tops of c. a. d. o, and the botto of the s show a loop which can be avoided by checking the motion on the retraces.
This pupil has a tendency to make blind loops. Try to keep the loops open and let the daylight shine
Other teachers might not criticise the same things we have criticised and we might not criticise again exactly the same things
criticised. We have not picked out all the defects but have tried to pick out a few of the glaring ones.
Your suggestions and help for this department are solicited.
^^yc^
By Mary Partick, 12 year old, 7th grade, pupil in Columbia, S. C, public schools.
H. M. Hill, Supervisor.
6'''^--^>^?-^?'Z.-z?-ci,rf^^<
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ABCDEFGHIJKLAMOPQRSTUVWXYZ &
<PHIlSADEIsFHI/V 1234567890 S^sRWOR
An alphabet by Arthur I*. Meyers, York, Pa.
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And withthis coming amalgamation
of country and town industry, there
MENTAL MEANDERINGS will come an insistant demand for
Nature
more nature education.
Nobody can live success-
By CARL MARSHALL, Tujiuiga. Calif. Education, fully or happily in the
country without some
working knowledge of the ways of
Nature. You cannot even have a gar-
I have a valued friend who lives the elder Spencer required of his girls, den worthy of the name, without
away down east, who writes me nearly and it cannot be done when the fore- knowing about soils, plants, insects
every month something critical or arm musclese are rigidly bound in a and birds. Agriculture, whether on a
complimentary about tight sleeve. small or large scale, and whether
Muscles and these Meanderings. In I have always thought, with my amalgamated with machine industry
Movement. his latest letter, he friend, that the term "muscular move- or not, will continue to be the most
calls me down with ment writing" is an absurdly un- important activity of the Land. It is
the following spicy paragraph which descriptive term, and the e.\amples he agriculture that keeps us alive. And
will wrinkle with grins, the faces of cites make the absurdity sufficiently the whole of agriculture is based on a
most of our penmen. obvious. All writing is "muscular," knowledge of Nature. Some of these
"Now, as to that yam about old unless it is accomplished by a machine. times, maybe, the sophisticated, town-
Piatt R. Spencer taking his pen- bred, collegians and scholastics who
knife and slitting the sieves of the Henry Ford is promulgating an in- run education in this country, will
plump-armed girls so that they dustrial idea that is probably the most wake up to the fact. A few of them
might have freedom for what you important in the economic history of already have. But at present, nature
have called (making one slip, I the race. It consists in study even in our country schools,
fear,) "whole-armed movement" Workers the establishment of fac- hardly anywhere contributes more
Why a girl could not practice whole- Farmers. tories away out in the than a pale green tint to the required
arm movement with a tight sleeve country where land is course of study. In my state, grade
as well as with a loose one, is enig- cheap, establishing each worker on a children of the city and country alike,
matical to me; in fact, I don't think little holding of his own, and allowing are required to wade tlirough more
it is To be quite candid, I
true. him to divide his time between factory than six hundred pages of the United
know it isn't true, for I have seen work and the cultivation of his little States history, an equal amount of
them practice whole-arm movement farm. Mr. Ford shows that there is mostly encyclopediac geography, three
with various kinds of sleeves, and no reason, economic or otherwise, why texts each in arithmetic and g-rammar,
I am told that they do it sometimes, all the multitudinous machine-made with a plethoric allowance of other
without any sleeves at all. I think things we require, should be made in "required" work in such subjects as
you must have meant, free arm, or near towns, by workers crowded physiology, xlrawing, civics and so on,
fore arm, or, in the patois of one of together in slums or in unsightly and but there is not anywhere in the
our penman-authors, "muscular unsanitary little factory shacks. This course one line to help the child to
movement writing." I must admit, may have been necessary, a generation understand anything at all about the
however, that I always felt like crit- ago, when lack of interior transporta- phenomena of nature that go on all
icising- the term, "muscular move- tion made necessary, the delivery of about him. Some of the high schools
ment" because of its vagueness. If product and raw material at the great have "elective" courses in biology,
one were writing with his big toe, cities, but not now. It doesn't take where a few of the youngsters get a
he would still be writing with mus- much imagination to envisage the smattering of botany or zoology, but
cular movement; or, if, as I once good such a relocation of our great these courses are little patronized.
saw in a show, he were writing with industries would bring about to the The other day, I met a young lady
a stub penholder gripped between working classes in our cities. And it who is a university graduate and now
his teeth, using the muscles of his would mean just as much to the check- teaching a grade school, who admitted
neck to propel the implement, he ers, bookkeepers, time-keepers and that she did not know the amount of
would still be a "muscular move- others of the factory clerical force pressure that the atmosphere exerts
ment" writer, wouldn't he?" who would come to the country with on the earth per inch, or how high the
"Accordin' to his the others. There would be an end to barometer stands at sea-level, or why
lights," as they say out cut-throat rentals, dirty slums, with it "stands' at all. "I never had
in Missouri, my friend's kiddies playing in the gutters, cheap those things," she naively obsen^ed.
criticism is justified, stale foods bought from push-carts or And these mostly town-bred teachei-s
but I doubt if it helps fly and cockroach infested stalls, and that the normal schools are turning
matters much, by sug- for the clerks, narrow quarters in out to instruct country boys and girls,
gesting, "free-arm" or stuiTy flats, or long trolley trips to the seldom know half as much about the
"fore-ai-m" in the place suburbs, and all the other unwhole- outdoors as the boys and girls do, and
of "whole-arm." To some sordidness that attaches to mod- know as little of agriculture as they
my, possibly benighted ern city life for those who cannot live know of navigation. Few of them
verbal understanding, in luxury. And the new regime would would know an ash tree from an elm,
"free-arm means the be no less a blessing to the farmer whether ai'tichokes grow on vines or
same as "whole-arm, that is, any writ- who now has such a hard struggle to bushes, or whether the aphis infests
ing that is accomplished by a move- pay rent or taxes and make a living hens or cabbages.
ment of the entire arm, whether the besides, from the sale of his products.
member is lifted clear of the desk, or The one great purpose of education,
It would be a fine thing for him to
on its intellectual side at least, is to
rests upon it. As for the "fore-arm," vary his work with four or five hours
bring to us an understanding of our
the term itself, is meaningless. It a day at well-paid labor in the shop or
environment. But if you were to blue-
is not possible to write with the fore factory, for Mr. Ford's scheme means
pencil out of our courses of study all
arm alone, for the reason that there the bringing right to the farmer's
that does not contribute to this end,
is no ball and socket joint at the door, this extra and helpful work.
elbow. Try it and see. Probably, a
you would have mighty little left,
With all the nation's industries reor-
especially in the case of our farmers'
better term than any of the three, ganized on this reciprocatory basis,
children.
would be "rest-ami movement," which there might be no longer any need
might fittingly describe writing that for either farm blocs or labor unions.
is done mainly by the whole arm, with If Mr. Ford doesn't look out, he is Mr. J. W. Herbester, is the new
the weight of it supported by the likely to find himself, with these great
muscles of the fore-arm, acting as a new industrial ideas of his the most Head of the Bookkeeping Department
sort of pliable pivot. This is the kind practical, if not the greatest economist of the Laurel Business School, Meri-
of movement, as I understand it, that of his generation. den, Conn.
—
^ f^^r^uJ//t^U/(^<(/iu^i^?^ ^
works, "Soule's Practical Mathemat-
ics" and Soule's Science and Practice
The Commercial Teaching Profession of Accounting," have been considered
authorities on their subjects for more
Loses a Prominent Member than a generation.
His fame as a lecturer was nation-
wide, and his subjects were always of
was twenty-one years of age, he re- the younger generation.
moved to New Orleans and founded In 1887, the Rex Carnival Organi-
Soule College, which was destined to zation, conducting the Mardi Gras,
become one of the leading educational acclaimed him "King" of the Carnival,
institutions of America. and for more than foi'ty years he de-
Like all the residents of his adopted livered the address for the King in
state, the Civil War
found him at the accepting the keys to the city from the
front when hostilities started. When Mayor.
he entered the service of the Con- Colonel Soule was a thirty-third de-
federate army, he was made Captain gree Mason, a member of the Shrine,
of Company A, Crescent Regiment, and a Knight Templar, holding at
of New Orleans. He was very quickly his death the position of Past Grand
promoted first as Major and then to Commander of Knights Templar of
Colonel of his regiment. He served Louisiana, he was also a member of
throughout the war, returning in July, the State Grand Lodge of F. and A. M.
1865, once more to resume the wel- We are unable to give any definite
come duties of the school master. information regarding his family
In addition to supei-vising the man- other than to state that for many
agement of his school, Colonel Soule years his sons have been associated
found time to prepare a series of text- with him in all his activities. This
books on commercial subjects, includ- affords every assurance that the inter-
ing Mathematics, Accounting, and ests of his school and the furtherance
COLONEL GEORGE SOULE a nature making a special appeal to of his ideals will be competently cared
Auditing. Two of his best known for.
May 14, 1834— Jan. 26, 1926
It is given to few men to pass into
history before they have ceased to
labor among their fellows. Such a
privileged character was Colonel
George Soule, whose career encom-
passed the entire development of com-
mercial education in America. It is
II pc\*^ott^ Who
Ir
difficult, however, to think of Colonel
Soule soley as an educator. His in-
tellectualand spiritual gifts stamped
him as a leader not only in his chosen
calling but in practically every de- fhcattselvcj? as
partment of useful citizenship as well.
To have lived ninety-two years with
seventy of them passed in one city
5upca*vtsorj? of
every year filled with accomplishment
and achievement rarely paralleled in
—
American biography is a record of
which every American might feel
proud.
Those who looked upon Colonel
Soule for the first time at any of the
gatherings of commercial educators
felt that they were in the presence
of a mythological hero.
stature as well as
A giant in
in intellect, the
Xcinct'tan tollcqo. c^r^
average man was dwarfed in his pres-
ence. Those who w'ere privileged to Jcxx\\xa\xs\^ip. jXo oH\c\^
listen to one of his orations felt them-
selves caried back to the golden era
of Roman oratory. As author, ed- 5^cl)ool ca\t cc^;»tal iffox^
ucator, orator, lecturer or citizen, he
stood easily first and foremost among
his fellows.
Colonel Soule was born on May 14,
1834. It will come as a surprise to tnoxv^Lio^n^ iitsh^LicHoiv
our readers to know that he was born
in the North. For seventy years of
his life he was so closely identified
y)o tioF fail fo attcxtb
with the city of New Orleans, and its
intere.sts, that he was always thought
of as a native of the Southland.
atvoux" ca\*ltc^t'oppoi-
TP'
However, New York was his native
state. When he was fifteen years of hiitih c. iwi ^ ^ "
—
item application. Proper names from mand loyalty of his employees. When-
ever you work for a man, work for
Geography and History, difficult spell-
ing words, poems from English, and him wholeheartedly; stand up for him
concrete problems from arithmetic as the occasion demands; FIGHT for
are used in the penmanship period. him, if necessary. If you can't do
The amount of application increases that, resign and get out of the way;
each day of the week until all of the give some other fellow a chance. Be
period on Friday except a general fair to your employer and to yourself.
"warming up e.xercise" is devoted to
paragraph or page writing. At this Insubordination is one of the worst
time all pupils above the third grade things an employee can be guilty of.
are given memory gems, choice poetry It leads to certain and definite troubled
or bits of literature. These are either Respect your employer, his wishes and
copied or dictated and are preserved his ideals. It won't cost you anything
until the end of the term, when they and it may get you a whole lot.
are arranged in booklets previously
designed and decorated in the draw-
ing periods. Tlie drawing director Every employer wants young men
suggests and inspects these covers and women around him who possesses
that each booklet may represent the "get up and hustle." In other words,
best in design, coloring and lettering, they want young men and women who
as well as writing. Later on, the are energetic and industrious; folks
selections found in the booklets are who are "on their tip-toes" and "rear-
used in the English work. Whole arm ing to go." They don't want anyone
movement is insisted upon by the around who is lazy, and who isn't
drawing teachers in blocking out or pleasant and agreeable; and you can't
sketching. blame them!
-^ .
' /r/r///// ^. ''/y/^/yrur
mas and writes cards.
Mr. Marshall is a very skillful pen-
man and will no doubt contribute work
to THE BUSINESS EDUCATOR
from time to time.
I
^ f^Jf^Btf^n^^^^f/iua/fr^
ANOTHER BRYANT AND who immediately preceded G. A. Gas- He remained there two years and
STRATTON BUSINESS COLLEGE kell, who was principal for some started for himself by purchasing the
CHANGES OWNERSHIP twelve years, 1870—1882. Mr. S. B. Daniels and Downs Private School in
History of commercial education in Stearns was teacher of penmanship Manchester, N. H., moving there and
the U. S. must include mention of the in 1866 —
1867, and is still an active taking possession on June 4, 1900.
work done by the Bryant and Stratton business man of Manchester. In 1882 Always a hard worker, always
Business Colleges. In fact, we be- G. A. Gaskell was succeeded by Wm. standing for a high standard of in-
lieve that for a considerable period Heron, Jr., who remained principal stitution, he has built a name for him-
these institutions almost dominated until 1907. self and his school in his city and state
the field, both in popularity and in Mr. Heron still lives in Manchester, unexcelled in many places, and was
number of schools. but is engaged as teacher in Maiden, the first man in New England to erect
Nowthere are comparatively few Mass., Commercial School. a building especially for his school.
left,most of them having: been ab- In 1907 Mr. Heron sold his interests It was largely through his personal
sorbed by other institutions. The to James W. Brehaut and Ralph W. efforts that the New England Business
work they began is being: carried on, Stevens who had been engaged in pub- College Association was first conceived
but under other names. The last to lic school work in Massachusetts. At and formed, and he was shown the
disappear was the Bryant and Strat- the expiration of a year Mr. Stevens high esteem in which his contempo-
ton Business Collegje of Manchester, withdrew from the firm, returned to raries held him by being elected its
N. H., and on the shoulders of Mr. J. public school work for a time and first president. This association
H. Hesser, the purchaser, has fallen eventually became the owner of the stands unique in teacher's organiza-
the responsibility of continuing the Fitchburg Business College. tions in that no book men or others
work of that school which was begun Mr. Brehaut remained principal with things to sell, are admitted to its
many years ago. eighteen years or until the date first meetings which are held twice yearly.
On the first day of December, 1925, above given, December 1, 1925, when The furniture, fixtures and equip-
the institution changed ownership, it failing in health compelled him to ment of the old Bryant and Stratton
being the last of but two east of Buf- relinquishactive management and School have been disposed of by Mr.
falo. Mr. Hesser is principal and withdraw for a much needed rest. Hesser, the students taken to his own
owner of the Hesser Business College Under his administration the school school, the rooms closed and the name
of Manchester. It was the third of attained the largest attendance it ever dropped from the roster of New Eng-
the month when Mr. Hesser took had. land business colleges.
—
possession sixty years lacking but The school became famous largely
one day after the enrollment of its because of the spectacular advertising
first student, December 4, 1865. of G. A. Gaskell, who made himself
The old Bryant and Stratton Busi- and it both famous by his "before"
ness College of Manchester, N. H., was and "after" advertising of his compen-
opened on November 29, 1865. Its dium in the Youth's Companion of the
first principal was F. G. Hoyt. The late seventies and early eighties. It
first student was enrolled on December was the training school of the famous
4, and was Charles H. Fisk, aged 14. pen artist, W. E. Dennis, recently de-
The second student to enroll was J. A. ceased, whose birthplace is near Man-
Collins, Middlebury,Vermont, aged 23. chester, and who has relatives still
During the month, the school en-
first living there. Along with Dennis was
rolled twenty-eight ditferents pupils, A. N. Palmer, who became author and
two of them being girls who were the publisher of the Palmer Method of
16th and 17th students to enter. The teaching penmanship, and the incom-
records do not indicate how many of parable Madarasz. It is unnecessary
these were night students. to say much about any of these three
In the "Remarks" column of the men as their names and work are well
Register, opposite the name of the known to practically all business col-
first student we find this notation: lege men of the present generation.
"Discount on all full course schlps. up Among other collateral found in the
to Jan'y first." Quite likely that dis- school rooms was a framed piece of
count had some effect on the mind of specimens of penmanship, all on one
young Fisk, as it appears to have been sheet, showing the wonderful artistic
10%. In this same column we find ability of Dennis, and bearing the in-
from place to place such notations as: scription: "W. E. Dennis, aged 17."
"Takes care of CDllee:e rooms in pay- but no date.
ment for tuition," "Wounded soldier," The purchaser of the school, Mr. J.
"Disabled soldier," "Expelled," and at H. Hesser, is a Western man, born,
another place "Opening of term 20% brought up and educated in Iowa. He
discount." entered the Cedar Rapids Business
In the column for "Previous occupa- College in the fall of 1887, remained
tions," we find that the first had been until the great storm of 1888. The
a student, the second a mill hand, the next November he entered Upper Iowa
third and fourth were soldiers, and University where he paid his way for
others were mechanics, marble work- three years by teaching peimianship.
ers, teachers, farmers, etc. At the end of three years he returned During the 1925 Zanerian Summer
The "Receipts" column .shows that to Cedar Rapids for a few weeks under School, the young men gave an enter-
the tuition received durimr the month Madarasz, and then accepted a situa- taiinnent at the close of which they
of Februrarv, 1867, was .$345.50. For tion in the Nelson Business College, were presented with bou(iuets made up
Mav, 1872, $.53.00, for August, 1881, Cincinnati. of sunflowers, vegetables and other
$55.00, and for September, 1881, After three years in the Nelson grass and weeds. As Mr. Fi-ank A.
$120.00! Such incomes would not Business College and Y. M. C. A., he Krupp, the leader, was leaving the
carry a modern business college very went to Pennsylvania where he taught building .some one snapped the above.
far! country school one winter and then The young lady is Miss Mary E. Burk-
The school was established as one secured an engagement with the Penn- holder, one of the committee who pre-
of the Bryant and Stratton chain, its sylvania Business College of Lancas- sented the bouquets.
first principal being Mr. F. G. Hoyt. ter. He went from this school to the Mr. Krupp is with the Inter-State
Mr. Hoyt was succeeded by D. H. Lilli- Banks Business College, Philadelphia, Business College, Fargo, N. Dakota.
bridge, and then E. F. Brown, who car- where he was the first teacher of Miss Burkholder is traveling super-
ried on the .school until 1868. Mr. bookkeeping and commercial branches visor of writing for the P. 0. Peter-
Brown was followed by W. A. Graham of that now widely known institution. .son Company, Scottdale, Pa.
^ ^:M^^uj^/i^^^^/iu^i/^ ^ 2S
Ornamental Penmanship
By H. L. DARNER. Samson Motor Co., Pittsburgh, Pa.
'T-Z-i^t-O'T'Z^
/ / /
',.<>--?'l^€rZ/'^i'9'7't.£'-f-'l,^^^d<^!-'t^^
—<j;*^<5^^/<sE^^?-z^:z:^;;>;^^^-«;&€:^:^^:^/
mmmmm^
A good lesson in pen technique
^ f^^r^BuJ/zt^ii^iait/fua^r'
SOMETHING UNUSUAL
IS COMING
There isa big surprise in store for all interested in the page devoted to signatures. It is too soon to announce
particulars but we predict it will create a great deal of interest. It is something never before attempted in a pen-
manship magazine. Watch this page.
to-day more than ever before. Having girls live in the school dor-
They have made for them.«elves an mitory makes it possible for a closer
enviable record in many instances. spirit of co-operation to be manifest,
There are also women physicians and and when business men in Huntington
lawyers, and not a few of them have want extra stenographers on Satur-
shown remarkable ability in the high- days or evenings Mrs. Boothe is al-
est executive posts. Women have in-
ways able to send a young woman
—
vaded the realm of politics and daily out to answer the call. There is no
we read of some new venture in friction between the high school and
which they are participating. They
are doing all these things in West
business school for — Mrs. Boothe
never tries to keep a boy or girl from
Mrginia. going to high school, but tries to take
But Mrs. Stella E. Boothe has the care of those who cannot enter there.
distinction of being the only woman
"I think women have their place in
to hold the position as president of a
business," replied Mrs. Boothe in an-
business school in the state of West swer to the question about whether
Virginia. She heads the Stella E. they are efficient and needed. " I do
Boothe Business School at Huntington, believe they can be trained for good
and is thought to be one of the very helpers in business life more than
few women in charge of such work in to be sent out as leaders," she con-
the United States. Her school is also
tinued.
the only one in the State to maintain
—
dormitory rooms for girls there be- "I have been teaching a long
time, but I find that boys and girls
ing twenty-five young women now^
being housed in the pleasant quarters. —
haven't changed much and girls are
The rooms are spacious and well just as reliatjle and steady to-day as
lighted. ever. In our school we try and instill
Mrs. Stella E. Boothe
Mrs. Boothe has seen her school the idea of attractive dressing, effi-
grow rapidly, until there are now some cient and trustworthy work and the
two hundred and fifty students. Those shall College. Before beginning her highest conception of refinement. I
who are assisting her in the work are teaching she had been to Columbia don't believe in calling down a young
Mrs. E. P. Rous, who teaches short- University specializing in English and woman for her conduct before the
hand, and has been in the institution bookkeeping. Summer work was also other girls. The way to properly re-
for eight years Mrs. Helen Douglas, pursued at the University of Virginia. —
prove her and she will thank you for
it, is to take her off to herself and
:
H\NOWRITING SPECIALIST
High grade Diplomas. Cerlificates made or
fillad at reasanable prices. Special offer SI. 00
for 3 doz. appropriate cards to accompany
graduation invitation-^.
LEARN ENGROSSING
in your spare time at home.
Thirty Lesson Plates and
Printed Instructions mailed
to any address on receipt of
two dollars. Cash or P. O.
Money Order.
P. W. COSTELLO
Engrosser, Illuminator and
Designer
This dainty, attractive flourish ade by L. Madar Scranton Real Estate Bldg.
SCRANTON. PA.
LEARN DIPLOMA-ENGROSSING BY MAIL
Vntmrralleled l.imiled Offer!
Complete Ill-lesson course. $5. Enroll to-day
PENMANSHIP BY MAIL
Thorough course in Business riting by
YOUNG ENGROSSER GLARhNCE C.
Bo«
FRENCH,
7U4.
(Parisian Prolesior)
Saugatuck, Michigan
graduate of the "Mills School.' Pen- writ ten and penman wanteil to perfect himself
copies, tyije written instructions. ed-ink criti- and take care of Studio.
See style in this Busine Educator.
cisms.
J. J. BAILEY Address THE DE FELICE STUDIO. Teachers and Students
74 Barton Ave. TORONTO, ONT. 132 Nassau St., New York City, N. Y. "Penmanship Made Easy" is for you A veri- I
color of Ixrttering Ink. sample Show Card in colors, instructions, figures and alphabcti
((uest. You must tell us the quantity
prepaid
prepa . 00
Jl PRACTICAL COMPENDIUM OF COMMERCIAL PEN LETTER- as it governs the pro-rata cost. Our
^^^^ ^^^ DESIGNS 100 Page« 8x11, contain-
ing 122 plates of Commercial Pen alphabetl
50 years' experience may be of help
finished Show Cards in colors, etc. —
a complete to you.
instructor for the Marking and Shading Pen,
prepaid. One Dollar.
Dcpt. B PONTIAC. MICH.. U. S. A. AMES & ROLLINSON
206 Broadway NEW YORK CITY.
^ f^i^f^uJ/zi^d^^^/iu^a/h^ ^ 31
410 U.S.Nat. Bank Bldc. Denver. Colo. N.W. Baik lldg. LomBtr Eichaige lliltgBK;.
])ohn I'RtHpatrick
llv cnt>\ihu; vc.ir Jii.iil;-.' Imv en tiMiicc upon the .iWCUtlCtI'*
Vc.ir oF t'Orvicc in tiMriniivrhut .iiui ivt'ponC'iUc ofHcc; .nui
,.. rCl'C.li?, i^nrini* .ill the vcui' ol Nit' Icicle lolt'ip no niapt-ku"
_^vL Kvn too cold nor .niv d.iv too hot or .niv t.ivil; too liilficult
for Wxm ^vhcncvcv .\n om"»ortiinitv cvii'tcd to render t-erviee to
^M .niv .iFFili.ited Union or oroup ol workerf' needing lvl|\- ni.niv of
our Lv.ll Union*.' h.ive eoiiie nito evii«tenee kv-uu^e ol l>ii' onvniiiiiiy
yennit?, .nidit w.iii Itit^ etfortv' tlvit vcv-iilted in tlv orc;.nn:iny ct'
tlv ^toel; V.n'dc' .md tlv bteel.iPilk-: hk- inteiiritv. ^inceritv. K-.n-let-e-
neC'S .nul .lUlitv i^ known to botp triendo' .nid toe? ot onr l.it'or
moAvnient^ .nul .1? .1 rec-ullT Iv i-.- ret'peeted. Ivnored^ .nid Ivloved ni
iL.ibore r.nil;^ tino;u"J''Oiit tlv n.itiou: tlvrcl"orc be it"
^^'%^i
a^./^^.^^
The above resolution wiu e Sluflin. 1103 Maniui'tle BIiIk.. Chicaxo. Mr. Harris states thai
it rcpreaenis at $500.00 pi< liiialrft. Thi> miniature was done b.v hand and is a very Kfiod
'
f^i^f^uJ//i^ii^^i(/iua/h^ ^
BOOK REVIEWS The Private Secretary (Revised Edi-
tion), by Edward Jones KildufT.
Our readers are interested in bool<8 of merit, Published by the Century Co., New- HIGH GRADE
but especially in books of interest and value York City, N. Y. Cloth cover, 387
to commercial teachers, including books of
ipecial educational value and books on busi-
ness subjects. All such books will be briefly
pages.
A complete, detailed description and ex-
Diplomas^-
reviewed in these columns, the object being to position of the duties of the private secretary,
arive sufficient description of each to enable
our readers to determine its value.
together with a general discussion on the char-
acteristics of the private secretary and how
CERflPieyVTES.
they may be developed. This book gives the
first complete instruction in the duties per-
Synopses of English Classics, by C. formed by the high-grade private secretary.
Beare, M, A. Be.s.sev, M. F. Brooks, An indispensable \vork both for the employer, Catalog and Samples Free
H. H. Crandell, T. F. Cusack, T. L. whom it aids in defining clearly his require-
Doyle, H. E. Harding-, A. A. May,
ments, and for the employee, whom it aids HOWARD & BROWN
in meeting those requirements. ROCKLAND. MAINE.
K. M. Monro, R. L. Noonan, H. M,
Roth, B. J. R. Stolper, M. C. Wei- Individual Number Drills, bv James
rich, M. E. Wilmot, A. M. Work.s, E. McDade, Principal of the Went-
and E. C. Younghem, all in New worth School, Chicago. Published by
York City High Schools. Published the Plymouth Press, Chicago, 111.
by the Globe Book Company, New These lessons are intended to take the place
York. Cloth cover, 166 pages. of class drill in teaching children the number BEST MADE ?» -"i- ,5"p
lasted. $1.50
-<=«
wit
combinations. They represent a systematic
With the market so crowded with editions attempt to put in the individual pupil's hands
of the Classics,
the publishers of these the means of attacking the task part by part,
Synopses would have hesitated to bring forth of measuring his own progress hour by hout
this book, were there not a universal demand and day by day, of living in the atmosphere
among teachers and students for just such ex- of success even if he is a "slow" pupil, of
position as is here presented. Editors of seeing his achievement become cumulative, of
woiks studied in high schools are apt to for- using daily his acquired power so that noth-
Ket that their explanations are meant to help ing is left unreviewed, and finally of arriving
the inexperienced reader. For this reason the at a well-defined goal with the thrill of having
usual school editions have been of slight help done it himself.
to the student.
The high school teachers who have pre-
pared these Synopses have had years of ex-
perience with the mind that is confronted with LEARN AT HOME DURING SPARE TIMK
a great literary work for the first time. They Write for book. "How to Become a Good Pen-
have prepared their material so as to make it man," and beautiful specimens. Free. Your
p'issible for the student, if necessary, to pur-
name on card you enclose stamp.
if F. W.
sue his work independently, whether his aim TAMBLYN. 406 Ridge Bldg.. Kansas City. Ma.
be the preparation for an examination or the
furthering of his general culture. /' // /
Investigation of Business Problems,
by J. Eigelberner. Published by A.
W. Shaw Company, Chicago," 111.
Flexible binding, 335 pages.
In the
preparation of this procedure, two
distinct purposes have been in mind. First AN ORNAMENTAL STYLE. My course in
there the fundamental intent to present a
is Ornamental Penmanship has helped hundred*
thorough analysis of the subject, one that is become PROFESSIONALS. Send for proof.
sound both from a standpoint of theory and Your name on cards, (six styles) if you send
practice. But back of the foregoing, and inc. A. P. MEUB. Expert Penman. 2365 Mar
assuming primary importance at all times, is Vista Ave., Pasadena, Gal.
the purpose of developing a practical train-
ing in the art of investigation which will be
of equal value to the business executive and HAVE YOU SEEN THE
to the research worker, both in the analysis
and the solution of their problems. r/ '
JOURNAL OF COMMERCIAL
The table of contents is as follows: The
Field
Procedure,
of
Investigation. The Investigational
The Qualifications of the Investi-
EDUCATION?
(formerly the Stenographer &
gator, The Preliminary Analysis. The Proper PhonoBraphic World)
Mental Attitude, Methods of Collecting the
A monthly magazine covering all depart-
Facts. Personal Observation and Experiment,
Bibliographical Research. Interxiews. Ques-
> 7//Y //r/ryrw/r ments of Commercial Education.
Strong departments presided over by well-
tionnaires, The Nature of Thinking. Definition
and Classification. Testing and Interpretation.
known teachers for those who teach any
branch of commercial education, including
Tabulation and Presentation. Suggestion and business administration, accountancy, and
Inference, Developing the Conclusion. Estab-
court reporting.
lishing the Conclusion, Preparing the Report,
THE ONLY MAGAZINE OF ITS
KIND PUBLISHED
1600 Drill Exercises Corrective
in Single copy 15c. Annual sabscription $1.60
English, bv O. M. Hanna, Instruc- Send for Sample Copy.
tor of English, River Falls State JOURNAL OF COMMERCIAL EDUCATION
Normal School, River Falls, Wiscon- 44 N. 4lh St. PHILADELPHIA. PA.
.sin, and Joseph S. Taylor. PhD.,
District Superintendent of the New
York Citv Schools. Published by
Noble and Noble. 76 Fifth Avenue, THE AMERICAN PENMAN
New Y'ork. Cloth cover, 72 pages. 'J '
America's Handwriting Magaz ine
Some of the features of this book are: Drill Devoted to Penmanship and Gomtnercial
to correct all the common
errors that are EdDcalion
mentioned in the latest English syllabus for Contains Lessons in
the New York City Public Schools, and in
addition those forms which have been found Business Writing
by scientific testing are used incorrectly most Accounting
fre<iuently by school children throughout the Ornamental Writing
United States. Simple but complete statement Lettering
of all necessary grammatical rules. Many re- Engrossing
\iew exercises. Drill for correcting common Articles on the Teaching and
mistakes in the Children's Oral English, as Supervision of Penmanship.
well as common mistakes in their written
comjiositions. Space left for supplying sen-
tences for extra drill in particular or idiomatic
y Yearly subscription price J1.25. Special
club rates to schools and t«achers. Sample
copies sent on request.
usage. Principal parts of irregular verbs. All
exercises are simply worded. Correlates with The first part of this masterful alphabet, by
THE AMERICAN PENMAN |
any other English book or grammar, or can L. L. Fields of the Kassel Studio, appeared 55 Fifth Avenue NEW YORK
be used indejiendently. in the March Issue.
^ f^^^r^uJ/'/t^U/(^^/iuv[^r' ^
The B. E. for February arrived
yesterday. There is no publication
that I receive which gives me more
pleasure than my monthly copy of
your splendid journal.
Some of the features that you
have introduced are excsedinely val-
uable and interesting, especially the
re-publication of the works by the
"Old Time Penmen."
Many of the younger generation
have not had the pleasure of seeing
Summer School for Commercial Teachers
the works that you are now publish- Fourteenth Annual Session Thr,_.e Months in Lensrth
ing, and I am sure it must be a de- BEGINS JUNE FIRST; ENDS AUGUST FOURTEENTH
lightful surprise to many of them to Full schedu'.e of college rank. Twelve college hours offered. Student may start each year
see the "famous letters" you are print- vhere he left off last, leads to graduation. Graduatii certification
most states.
ing each month. Another good feat-
Last five weeks term highly professional.
ure is the page of penmen's signatures,
During this term student may earn twelve hours and get professional tone, recreation
the pages of business writing, by Mr. and pleasure. He may also get a good position if he has none or a better position if he
Lister are also simply wondei'ful. is dissatisfied with the one he has.
The lettering by Mr. Baird is also Thirty-one states represented here last summer. Offering the best this year we have
very magnificent, and the illustrations ever given. Accredited by University of Kentucky. Rates reasonable.
of some of the illuminated addresses Ask for full information including salai-y list.
is beyond praise.
H. WALTER,
COLLEGE OF COMMERCE
J. of the
Winnipeg, Can.
BOWLING GREEN BUSINESS UNIVERSITY,
Near Mammoth Cave HOWLING GREEN, KY.
CLUB THE B. E.
I
^•^iJtitftJi.-tion Hie oiitstanJiuq j?eruiee mhieh has Iveii reiuVra'> the-# >eibq the^ aV
tS on5
f onoroblef ohii 6 Jrice o^
e,»;teiiX^ to hiin.in thciiameofmore than $00i)00 patriolie men its heartiest eonqrotiilation* au^ sincer
f mn&.SxQircti f ulci^
asfuranecs ot appredation tor his enSurinq eontribulum to the upbiiih^iiiq of lhe#riier the lurthoraiia' ot'its
tft
euerq mlerest anS the Dromotinn of a tme anb'inspirina spiritof tnie fmtemcihsm soTiappilu art•amplishc^ bq
I
V\Q
White, 15c per bot-
tle: Gloss Black, 20c: Gold, 20c; Silver. 20c.
NATURE, SCIENCE,
BLANK CARDS — Lodge Emblem: Tinted; Mental.
Physical
Culture.
Moral and
Comic Linen and Kid finished White.
;
The
"Supreme Authority"
306 Boyle Ave.. NEW CASTLE. PA.
oJpecial anen6on given
Webster's OUR ILLUSTRATED CATALOG '^0 reproduction ofScript
1
COATS- Of «Ris. Eitaim d&ons fOR MEHORiti tisut:
JOflKl.pOf-tWtJ-Ti.^avtRWARE.fmEjEWELRT.ETC.
Alfred Field & Co., Inc., Sole Agentg
PENS PAPERS
Zanerian Fine Writer Pen iVo. 1. Zanerian 5 lb Paper (wide and narrow role):
1 gr 51.75 Vi gr % .50 1 doz % .20 1 pkg. of 240 sheets by express $1.60
Zanerian Ideal Pen No. 2, Zanerian Medial
Zanerian 6 lb Paper (wide and narrow rule):
Pen No. 3, Zanerian Standard Pen No. 4,
1 pkg. of 240 sheets by express $2.00
Zanerian Falcon Pen No. 5, Zanerian Busi-
ness Pen No. 6. Zanerian 7 tb Paper (wide rule):
1 gr $1.25 V* gr $ .40 1 doz % .15 1 pkg. of 240 sheets by express $2.25
Special prices in quantities. We also handle Zanerian Azure (Blue) Paper:
Gillott's, Hunt's, Spenserian and Esterbrook's 1 pkg. of 240 sheets by express $2.00 .,
pens. Write for prices. Zaner Method No. 9 Paper (% in. rule. 8:il0'/j)
Broad Pointed Lettering Pens. 1 pkg. of 500 sheets, not prepaid $ .85
1 Complete set (12 pens) $0.35 100 sheets by mail postpaid 50
Vi doz. single pointed pens 15 Zaner Method No. 15 Paper (^a in. rule,
% doz. double pointed pens 30 8x10 i/i):
1 doz. single pointed, any No .26
1 pkg. of 500 sheets, not prepaid $1.60
1 doz. double pointed, any No 60
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I
PEWMpii'INS^SSNi.:
I
imiNEISlWlMWl
SUMMER
PENMANSHIP AUGUST SCHOOL
1926 JULY 6 TO 14,
For Supervisors, Teachers, Penman and Students
In addition lo the regular Zanerian in- FRANK H. ARNOLD
structors. Dr. Doescher. Mrs. Landon, Mr. Arnold is widely known as one of
Frank H. Arnold and Mr. Chambers have the most enthusiastic and progressive su-
pervisors of handwriting in America. Fur-
been engaged for the Summer Term as
thermore, the interest he arouses and the
special instructors. results he secures fully justify his leader-
The highest scholarship in the profes- ship in this work.
sion, the highest skill in the execution of The work of his pupils in the Spokane.
Washington, schools, where Mr. Arnold su-
penmanship and some of the most experi- pervises, is known for its forcefulness,
enced supervisors are represented in the legibility and free flowing qualities.
faculty. Can any one pen-
interested in We are pleased to announce that Mr.
Arnold has consented to deliver a course
manship or methods, whether a beginner of 20 lectures during our 1926 summer
cr an experienced supervisor, overlook the session. These lectures will cover every
opportunity for advancement that this un- phase of handwriting supervision and give
others the benefit of his many years of
usually strong course will offer? experience in this work.
Plan to attend and receive the benefit to Come with the intention of making the
be derived from the feast of instruction best use of your ears, eyes and notebooks,
that is to be given. and you will go away with such a store-
house of valuable and useful ideas as one
Pleasant, congenial surroundings. Write could gather in other ways only by de-
for illustrated Catalog. voting a life time to the work as a su-
MRS. ELIZABETH LANDON pervisor.
Co/umbus. Oh/o
—
^ ^^^r^uJi/i^U^<^4^iu^i/h- ^
mercial subjects.
CAMDEN,
nary. Courses are arranged to meet NEW JERSEY Address
the requirements of the experienced
teacher as well as the one about to en-
ter this profession.
Chicago, 111.
Spencerian Pen Company J'^'?.™^'"''
New York Cit)'
^ f^^Jr^uJ//l^:^^^<^iU:a/fr' ^
Zaner-Bloser Method Summer Schools of Handwriting in California, 1926
MISS SWOPF/S SCHOOL
July 28 to July 16. Long Beach. Calf.
Santa Cruz, Calif. July 26 to Aug. 13.
UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
Los Angeles,
June 28 to Aue. 6.
New Edition
Metropolitan g'^ Edition
G. Potter
Metropolitan By
McKinley High School W. A. Sheaffer
Business Chicago
System of
Speller Bookkeeping
Over 6000 words. New lessons containing words pertaining You Will Like It. The text emphasizes the thought side of
to Aeroplanes, Radio, Autonnobiles, etc. Complete Index, 244 the subject. It stimulates and encourages the reasoning pow-
pages, attractive binding, 50 cents. er of the pupil. Pupils acquire a knowledge of the subject as
well as facility in the making of entries. It is a thoroughly
A Superior Speller seasoned, therefore accurate, text supported by complet«
Teachers' Reference Books, and Teachers' Manual.
Twofold Design. In the preparation of the Metropolitan
Business Speller we had constantly in mind two objects: Parts I and II text is an elementary course suitable for
first, to teach the pupil to spell, and second to enlarge his any school in which the subject is taught. Two semesters
vocabulary, especially of words in general use. are required in High Schools and a correspondingly shorter
Classification of Words. As an aid to the memory we have time in more intensified courses.
classified words, as regards sounds, syllabication, accents and
ining.We have grouped the words relating to each par- Parts III and IV text is suitable for an advanced course
ilar kind of business into lessons, by which the student is following any modern elementary text. We make the state-
enabled to familiarize himself with the vocabulary of that ment without hesitation, that this is the most teachable,
business. We have interspersed miscellaneous exercises in most up-to-date, and strongest text published for advanced
lature of reviews. We have grouped words that can best bookkeeping and elementary accounting use.
be learned by comparisons, such as Stationery and Stationary.
Corporation-Mfg. -Voucher unit is bound in heavy paper
Abbreviations of states, months, railways and commercial covers and contains all of Part IV. It is a complete course
rms are given in regular lesson form, and grouped alpha- in Corporation accounting including instructions, set of
tically. We regard abbreviating of almost equal impor- transactions, exercises, problems, etc. It is without doubt
nce with spelling. the best text for this part of your accounting course. List
Syllabication and pronunciation are shown by the proi)or prices. Text. 120 pages. 40 cents. Supplies, including Blank
vision of words, and the use of the diacritical marks. The Books and Papers, 95 cents.
ards are printed in bold type, and the definitions in lighter
cc. so as to bring out the appearance of the word, —
an aid
sight spelling. EXAMINATION COPIES will be submitted upon request.
f^^^u^>i^iU^<^</iU¥i/^ ^
Truth
ONE of our contemporaries in the shorthand publishing field seems
to be frantically perturbed over the fact that a Gregg writer
•
won the last contest of the York State Shorthand Report- New
ers' Association. There is really nothing to be perturbed about they —
should be used to this sort of thing by this time Although, accord- !
ing to their own statements, their system is "for ninety years the
victor!" "holds all the world's records!" etc., etc. yet the Gregg —
writers win the contests What kind of complex this is we leave to
!
The cup was awarded to Mr. Martin J. Dupraw, a graduate of the High
School of Commerce, New York City.
Writers of Gregg Shorthand have won the World's Championship in the
contests of the National Shorthand Reporters' Association four times in the
last five championship contests. Gregg is the only system that has produced
more than one champion in these contests.
Publisher's Note
At the request of a large number of type-
writing teachers, we have issued an edi-
tion of "Practical Course in Touch
Typewriting" by Charles E. Smith, using
the method of fingering in which B is
ADams
Isaac Pitman & Sons
4439
2 West 45th Street NEW
YORK
THE
U5me55 s&uratar
Volume 31 COLUMBUS, OHIO, MAY, 1926 Number 9
Lessons in Handwriting
MABEL
By VOGAN, Supervisor of Ha
(Miss Vogan will be glad to give you good criticisms if you will send 15 ington. W. Va.)
Group Eleven
Exercise One
Count 1-2-3-4-5-6 for the direct open oval and without lifting the pen swing into eight counts of the small "u" ex-
ercise. Work for good curves, points, and uniform slants.
Exercise Two
The first figure is to show the elements of Make a careful study of the letter before attempting to practice
"r."
it. The "r" and the "s" are just the little point than the other small or short letters. Begin with a good under-
taller
cui-ve like the "i" and the "u," and make a very
tiny retrace at the top. Note the slant of the "shoulder" or "roof."
Check the movement to make thi.s part and stop before swinging the downstroke and finish. Watch the slant of the
downstroke, and make a good elbow curve for the finish. For the first exercise count six for the oval and 1-2, 3 for the
letter without lifting the pen between.
Exercise Three
Curve the upstroke well. Retrace top slightly making a point. Study the slant of the "roof." Slant the down-
stroke and push-pull to fix the slant habit. Curve the upstroke the same as the beginning. Count 1-2, 3-4-5-6-finish.
Exercise Four
For the letter count 1-2, 3 at the rate of 45 letters per minute. Don't be discouraged if your first letters are not
perfect. IT takes a lot of thorough study and practice to master the little catch in the movement.
Exercise Five
The first figure shows the elements of this form. The first part is like "n." Retrace a little higher than the
turn. Finish like "v." Count 1, 2-3-4-5-6, finish for the exercise.
Exercise Six
Count 1-2, 3. Avoid spreading the letter apart. Pause at the top for the dot and curve finish.
Exercise Seven
Join in groups of four to the count 1-2, 3-4, 5-6, 7-8, finish. PUT much study and drill on these exercises.
Exercise Eight
Try joining this form in groups. How soon can you acquire the queer little jerk in the motion?
f^^r^u^'n^dA/(^^i/iu^i/h- ^ 9
trv it.
try ^7°"sJnT.f^^''''"t^'''^*•K'^"'"^T^'""
Stop often to criticise. Develop ?
'^^^'^- ^°^ ^«* "^ "^"y ^'"te! study these words. Think the motion
"louoii, then
uien
an easy graceful glide.
Group Twelve
Review the indirect running oval exercise one space high
Exercise One
'*•'' b<?F/""i"S the push-pull and indirect oval group of capitals. To develop the movement
„;.o ^c trv thi« first ever
^^"^^ J"'* '^^'^ ^^y "P' P"sh-pull six counts, and make six count.sTth^ mairect
hpMHp the
beside H^'"push-pull ".^u"T
^f''at the bottom. Make the whole exercise without lifting the pen.
Mire^ct oval stopping
stonnTng
Exercise Two
Start the curve which is part of a direct oval just half way
up. Retrace the pu^h-null six counts 0,n thp ^ivfh
count swing into the indirect oval making six cou.its. Make
the oval just half a ^space^h gh anrstop wi?h a do at
'^
"' ^' ^ '''''' P''"'"'='^ ^"^ "'^^ fi"^' '' ^^^^^' ^° '"^'^^ the dot finish by holding the pen sfillind pressing
sligh%
Exercise Three
°"'^ ^^"^ push-pull is retraced and we finish with the oval. Count curve, 1-2-3-4-5, oval,
Exerdse'^Four'"
nh.nf.^''.^' f?i ^^'F ^""T-^rh ^^P"" ^^^^ ^^y "P ^"d cui-ve the stroke well. 2. Pause at the base Hne and retrar-e
10 d^ f^^^3^uJ//t^^^^/£ua/^ ^
Group Twelve Continued
The "R" is like the "P" except that "R" has the finish which loops around the stem and swings below the line.
For the first drill count curve, 1, 2-3-4-5-6-finish. Make the little loop at least touch the stem. It may tie around the
stem. Keep the bottom rather narrow. Finish something like "A."
Exercise Six
Another drill for "R" which is good to practice if you are inclined to loop the stem. Count cun-e-l-2-3-4-round-
finish.
Exercise Seven
1-2, .3-4 for the "R."
Count Study the large fomi. 1. Begin half way up, and cune well. 2. Pause at the base
line. Retrace about 2-3 of the stem. 4. Make the oval at least as tall as the stem. .5. Tie the loop around the stem
3.
half way down, and finish with about the same slant as the stem as in "K." Make 35 to 40 letters a minute.
Exercise Eight
Count cun-e 1, 2-3-4-5-loop-l-2-3-4-5-6-dot. The first part is like "P" and "R," but the middle loop does NOT touch
the stem, and the finish is an oval the same size as the upper one. The small loop faces the stem, and should point
slightly upward.
Leave a space between the loop and stem and between the dot and stem.
Exercise Nine
Count cur\-e, 2-3-dot. 1. Cui-ve the upstroke. 2. Pause at the base line. 3. Retrace 2-3 of the stem. 4. Roll the
upper oval rather wide and at least as tall as the stem. 5. Draw the lower oval under and to the left of the upper one
and stop with a dot. 6. Obser\'e spaces between loop and dot and the stem. 7. A slant line drawn past the two ovals
should be the same slant as the stem. 8. The middle loop looks leftward and upward.
Exercise Nine
Remember that it takes study and practice to make good penmen. Learn to be your own critic and you will
progress more rapidly. Write several pages of words applying the "P B R" group.
Group Thirteen
Exercise One
Before trying this exercise warm up with push-pull one space high. Make the "t" exercise a little more than half
a space high. Count curve-l-2-3-4-5-6-cun'e. Observe slant and spacing, and get a good curve on the upstrokes.
Exercise Two
Count 1-2-cross. Curve the upstrokes well. Pull toward yourself on the downstroke. Retrace at lea.st half way
to avoid spreading apart at the bottom. Cui-ve the finish. Cross from left to right. Make a short, neat cross parallel
with the base line. Speed about *45 letters per minute. The cross should be at about 2-3 the height of the letter which
is a half space.
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9
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Group Thirteen Continued
Exercise Three
For the four "t's" joined count cun-e-1, cun-e-2, curve-3, curve-4, curve, cross. Make good elbow curves, long con-
necting strokes, and neat crosses.
Exercise Four
Small "d' 'is composed of parts of "a" and "t." The height is a half space. For the exercise count curve-1, 2-3-4-5-6.
Exercise Five
Count 1-2-3. Close the "a" part, and retrace the "t" part. Make at the rate of 55 or 60 letters per minute.
Exercise Six
Join four "d's" to the count Id, 2d, 3d, 4d.
Exercise Seven
Begin like "t," and curve the upstroke well. Pull down 1-2 space below the base line. Push-pull five counts,
then finish with an indirect oval 1-4 space in height. Swing out from the stem as in "s."
Exercise Eight
Study the large form. 1. Cun-e up well. 2. Retrace and pull to the bottom of the letter (1-2 space below the base
line). 3. The indirect oval is 1-2 the height of the stem showing above the base line. Make it close to the stem. 5.
The oval ends at the stem just above the base line. 6. Finish like "s" by pausing at the stem before swinging upward.
The "t," "d," and "p" are the only half space letters.
Exercise Nine
Join four letters without lifting the pen to the count cun-e 1, curve 2, curve 3, cuixe 4, cur\-e. Keep the slant
uniform, and close all the ovals.
Exercise Ten
This final "t" is easily and quickly made. Try the push-pull exercise first. Count 1-2-3-4-5-cun-e. Finish with
an over cun-e about 1-2 or 2-3 the height of the exercise.
Exercise Eleven
Count 1-2-3. Retrace from the base line, and cun-e over to the right at half the height of the letter. This form
is 1-2 space in height as the one above. Make about 45 letters per minute.
Exercise Twelve
Apply the "t, d, and p" in the following words. See if you can make "twin" letters where they are double. Study,
criticise, and try again if you wish to improve.
Applied writing is very interesting and should not be very difficult for you if you have practiced each individual
letter and word carefully in the preceding lessons. This work puts into practice all the previous training which you
have been doing.
In practicing the.se copies consider your position and movement. If you find that you are going back to a cramped,
slow movement turn to some of the easy movement exercises and individual letters and work upon them. In fact, it
is advisable each day to do a certain amount of review work on all of the letters.
Watch the spaces between and in w-ords in order that all letters may look as though they belong to the same family,
and so that each word stands out by itself plainly. Study arrangement, slant, height and proportion of letters. After
you have written a page stand it up in front of you and step back a few feet to see the general appearance of the
page.
The more practice you do the more skillful you will become.
.' /? // /
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From (he pen of E. A. Lupfor, Columbus, O.
,
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C. Spencer Chambers, Sop' of Writing, Syracuse, N. Y., is swinging a skillful hand these days. Hii rk is accurate and is written
very freely.
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Graceful, delicate ornamental writing by H. B. Lehman, St. Lonis, Mo., Beaumont High School. If you like this work write Mr. Lehman so
that he will give as more of his skillful work.
.^^^UJ/ueJ^^^/iu^l/^T- ^
Miss Clara Mae Guilfoyle, student of E. A. Deiterich. Miami- Jacobs Business College. Dayton. O., writes an extremely skillful
hand. Her touch and ease of execution is professional-like in quality. The lines being light they did not engrave well.
LETTERING CONTEST
Many fine specimens of lettering are
being received by us for the Students'
Lettering Contest, announced in the
March issue and which closes May 1.
Watch for the announcements of win-
ners in the June issue.
CARNEGIE CONTEST
The pupils in the Carnegie, Pa.,
schools, after having worked for three Lettering with a broad pen by Richard D'Cirilas, Box 410 Hartford, Conn.,
a pupil of F. A. Curtis.
weeks on block lettering under the in-
struction of their teacher, Donald M.
Glossner, sent us a package of specimens.
Each pupil lettered his own name with-
out any aid, and we were requested to
select 1st, 2nd and 3rd best specimens.
The first prize, a Zanerian Fine Art
Straight Penholder, was awarded to Sin-
sell. The second prize, a Zanerian Hard
Rubber Ink Stand, was awarded Fekula,
and third prize. Plain Useful Lettering,
was awarded Haller.
This was one of the most difficult con-
testswe have had to <lecide for some time
due to the fact that so many of the pupils
CM.FEKULAP
have reached such a high standard. The
specimens to the right show what good
results can be secured from public school
pupils.
Helpful Criticisms
Hubbardisms
U Never explain —
your friends do
not need it and your enemies will
not believe you anyhow.
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2.' ZO - /^2.C.
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At the present time Old-time Fiddlers are holding contests throug^hout the country.
an Old-time Penmanship Contest? Send on your specimens and state your age. We will
to publish some of the specimens, and let our readers be the judges.
Why
Mr. Heath's specimen
not
try
will
7/ T ':¥'
?/^
make you do a little practicing. This alphabet was written by G. F. Korrell.
Penmanship Teacher in the Office Training;
Srhool. Columbus, Ohio.
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sense of a lot of good people who
ought to know better. Hence a con-
MENTAL MEANDERINGS .siderable body of public sentiment has
been enlisted in the holy cause of
practically nullifying our criminal
By CARL MARSHALL. Tujunga. Calif.
laws. The efforts of these unthinking
one are evidenced in the silly outcry
against capital punishment, the de-
mand for admitting dangerous crim-
The darkest cloud that throws its the cave man, and four thousand inals to probation, soft-headed or
sliadow over this land of ours todav years of recorded history shows that vote-seeking governors who abuse the
is LAWLESSNESS. For the la.st dec- these social pariahs can be kept in pardoning power, and finally, the con-
ade or so, this cloud has abeyance only by visiting upon them version of many of our penitentiaries
.\ Menacing been mounting upward surely and promptly, the consequences into pleasure resorts, where scoun-
Triad. into our social sky with of their crimes. drelly tliieves and murderers are
the portentousness of given better treatment than is ac-
an Oklahoma cyclone. As a people, 2. An aggregation of crooked pro- corded to the innocent and relatively
we have been so carelessly contented fessional politicians, a seemingly un- deser\'ing unfortunates in our aim-
and prosperous that, like the victims escapable by-product of our democ- houses.
in the path of the cyclone, we have racy, who profit politically by the or- It is quite time that sensible
hardly sensed its approach till it is ganized support of the criminal class and clear-thinking Americans formed
upon us. If you would realize the itself. These unclean vermin chiefly themselves into some kind of a nation-
nature and possibilities of the ugly infest our larger cities. Backed by the wide "Law and Order League" that
thing that menaces us, read the arti- underworld, they are often powerful will mop up this whole wretched mess,
cles by Lawrence Veiller that have enough to control the election of and put the enforcement of the laws
been appearing in recent issues of the judges and the construction of legal back on the solid ground established
"World's Work" magazine. The facts, and police machinery, whose chief by our forefathers. Chief Justice Taft
indisputable, which Mr. purpose is the aiding of powerful has lately said that the maladmin-
Veiller presents are criminals and their friends to escape istration of the criminal laws in this
both unpleasant and from the meshes of the law. To this country is a disgrace to the Nation.
startling, but they give group should be added those other That is pretty strong language, but
every decent American social jackals, the criminals lawyers, the Chief Justice is fairly good au-
pause. We should be so-called, who would be better desig- thority, and anyone who reads Mr.
aroused to action by the nated as "lawyer criminals." These Veiller's indictment in. the "World's
fact that there is at are the Clarence Darrows, and others Work," will have to admit that the
least five times as much of lesser note, who make a business of charge Are we easy-going
is justified.
unpunished crime in the helping criminals to escape the laws. citizens to keep on our placid ways till
United States of Amer-
— ~-
land,
. ica than in any other
or uncivilized, on the
civilized
•3.
gerous
A less criminal but no less dan-
group of enemies of public
this menacing combination of under-
world jungle beasts, criminal lawyers
and crooked politicians, and fool "sen-
face of the earth. It is not pleasant order, have been picturesquely des- timentalists, have made life and prop-
to be told that a man's life and prop- cribed as "sob sisters" although by erty more unsafe in this land of Wash-
erty are about eight times as safe un- no means all of them are females. ington, Lincoln and Roosevelt, than
der the Union Jack than under the The members of thisgroup make a they were in the days of Ghengis Khan
Stars and Stripes, but such is un- business of posing as "friends of the and Atilla the Hun ?
doubtedly the fact. poor prisoner," and are always on I have devoted my space in the Ed-
It is not a time to sit back and hand with encouragement, consolation, cator this month, to this problem of
philosophize as to what invidious sympathy, and even money, in behalf increasing crime, because I believe
social forces have brought about this of every red-handed defier of law, it is by far the most important thing
national disgrace. The thing to do, whether accused or convicted, that just now that Americans can think
is to STOP IT. And the first step in they happen to know about. They are about. It is vastly more important
stopping it, is to know the nature of not in the least interested in the than any issue of either politics, ed-
the enemy, just what it is and how it worthy, hard-pressed man who is try- ucation or religion. Personally, I have
works. In the first place, this mount- ing to make an honest living, but let attained to an age when I need not
ing crime wave is not the result of any kind of a scoundrel or murderous worry particularly, for myself, as to
any sudden social degeneration, or thug get into the toils of the law and, what may happen in this country ten
any calamitous wreckage of our moral presto! the sob-sisters are on hand or twenty years from now, but l" hap-
ideals. As a whole, we are just about with buckets of tears and pleas and pen to have an interest in certain chil-
the same kind of people that we were petitions for probation or pardon or dren and grandchildren from whom I
one or two generations ago. The what not. These sentimental perverts should like to see America continue to
thing that has happened to us is that have not a tear or a word of sym- be, as Roosevelt put it, "a place worth
we have temporarily forgotten that pathy for the criminal's victims how- living in." But I am not encouraged by
laws are necessary to keep a people ever. And they spout all sorts of a situation that has already made all
in order, no matter how well-disposed hifalutin nonsense about criminals, the large cities of this country and
it may be, and that laws are no good saying that they are merely "sick peo- many of the small ones, more unsafe
unless they are ENFORCED. That ple" who ai-e to be "cured" rather for honest people, than was London
is the root of the whole matter. We than punished; that our penitentiaries in the times of Robin Hood.
have permitted, and to a certain ex- are for "reformation," and therefore,
tent encouraged the upgrowth in this should be made as pleasant as possible
country, of certain forces that are for the "poor unfortunates" who get By way of adding a touch of humor
into them No matter how foul and to the foregoing article, I will put in
avowedly inimical to the enforcement .
cruel the crime, the criminal is al- as a "tail-piece," the following little
of our laws. As I see, these forces incident, the facts of
may be roughly grouped as follows: ways to be "pitied." And they are
most ingenious in finding excuses for Two That which recently came to
1. The criminal underworld, that him. Maybe his great-grandmother Were Cured, myattention.
relatively small portion of the people fell down cellar and bumped her head Tliere live and labor
who are moral and social perverts, and was never "right" aftei-wards, in a certain California city, two ami-
and who deliberately prefer a crim- and her descendant is therefore "not able and virtuous young spinsters, not
inal life to being decent. There are normal" and should not be held re- too young) who room together and
all grades of these, from the petty sponsible. Tills kind of slush has been hold jobs as stenographers, at, let
sneak-thief to the tigerish thug. so persistently dinned into the ears us guess, a stipend of twenty or
These have existed since the days of of the public, as to shake the common (Continued on page 21)
k
—
18 ^ f^^^u^'n^U'^^/iu^a^ir'
their earnings as fast as they could
—
get it some turning over the paste
Davenport — McLachan
Business Uni- poses a teacher who writes well him-
self. Nevertheless, students; and in
So this the miracle
explains
versity, Grand Rapids, Mich., read be- pen and ink with brains.
fact most people in general, are poor h" harder
M?np'7is the
Mine ta.sk, I think
fore the N. C. T. F.] obser\-ers, details escape mo.st of us, lo write with only pen
we are not detectives, and yet it is and ink."
Mr. Chairman and followers of an
Artistic Occupation: details that make penmanship. I shall WILLIAM
use some proofs presently. Hence
D. BRIDGE
It is a very difficult feat toany- tell
William D. Bridge, a lineal descend-
seeing, while very good, is inadequate.
thing new in penmanship, at least any- ant of John Bridge, who settled
The second step in getting a perfect in
thing that will be new to men and Cambridge, Mass., in 1631, died at his
letter in the student's brain is to study
women who have taught twenty years, Tliat's where teaching comes in. home, 209 Snyder Street, Orange
or fifteen years, or ten years. But I
it.
on March 10, 1926.
N '
'7^=-"-"^
,--^z^-«-<z--4-<i-^ .^
A supplementary page by Mr. G. D. Griael, whose work has appeared in the B. K. regularly several years ago.
^^^^U^/i^J^^^^fU^l/^ ^
The Teaching of Writing
By J. A. SAVAGE, Snperrisor of Writing, Omaha. Neb.
~y
\
\
^^•0-^^''t^^^
v\.vxr
\. vX
To read caxily siehl alons (he k-llorii from the hollom up.
t^Jf^Uii/u^d^^^/iua^r' ^ 23
24
^^^^uJ/zi^d^^dfiOi^ ^
SOME REFLECTIONS ON non, a former Zanerian, is also con- Railway Company, and for the West
THE RADIO AND SHORTHAND nected with the institution. Texas Military Academy, also lectured
INCLUDING RESULTS OF RADIO on Hygiene, Physiology, and First .Aid
SHORTHAND CONTEST to that institution. Left this station
America, Mexico, France, Spain— for service at Headquarters Depart-
—
and now England join the nations
who have utilized the radio in the in-
ment of the Gulf, Atlanta, Ga., during
the Spanish-American War. Colonel
terest of the shorthand profession in of the "Livingston Immunes," a vol-
their respective countries. The New unteer Negro regiment with white offi-
York association of GreRg Shorthand cers, recruited for the War with Spain,
Teachers first gave broadcasting its but not mustered into Federal Service
proper place as a cooperative instru- on account of the early and sudden
ment when in 1923 this body, in co- termination of the war.
operation with representatives from After the close of the war was sta-
the Board of Education, New York tioned for five (5) years at Head-
City, conducted a contest in the city quarters Department of the Missouri
schools by this means. The response at Omaha, Nebr. While stationed in
was adequate and worth the effort. Omaha, was elected Supreme Physi-
Radio outfits were set up in the vari- cian and Medical Examiner of the
ous high schools and the dictation Bankers Union for two years. Author
given. Credit for this initial contest of a "Manual for Life Insurance Ex-
goes to Mr. Fred Siegel, of the Haaren aminations" in use for some years by
High School, whose suggestion and co- DR. ALBERT FENSCH Fraternal Insurance Societies.
operation in making it a success were Dr. Albert Fensch, of the Military From 1905 to 1912, sen-ed in the
thoroughly appreciated by all con- Information Bureau, Fort Sam Hous- Adjutant General's Department in the
cerned. ton, Texas, has for many years been Philippines, and was foreign corre-
The following year again saw this a very enthusiastic penmanship boos- spondent for the Omaha World-Her-
association conducting a radio con- ter. Dr. Fensch possesses all of the ald, and writer of many magazine art-
test, this time with a wider applica- certificates issued by THE BUSINESS icles and stories of the Far East, and
tion, including .stenographers in the EDUCATOR with the exception
of jungle life in the Philippines.
city. Later this was developed to in- the Professional Certifiicate, which he On return from the Orient was as-
clude students,teachers, steno- is now striving to win. At our request signed to duty at Chicago, but shortly
graphers and all those interested in he has given us some facts regarding afterward tranferred to Headciuarters
the "lithe and noble art," within the himself, which we take pleasure in Southern Department (now Hdqrs 8th
metropolitan area and outside of it. publishing. Dr. Fensch has had more Corps Area) at Fort Sam Houston,
On February 8, the New York City exciting experiences than the average Texas. Now on duty as Chief of In-
Gregg Shorthand Teacher's Associa- American, and has served his country formation Bureau, 2nd Division and
tion caused to be given dictation at well. Fort Sam Houston.
80, 100 and 120 words a minute each Bom April 9, 1857, in Spencer Member of Nebr. Lodge No. 1, A. F.
speed for a duration of three minutes. County, Indiana, of old Colonial and and A. M. of Omaha; St. Andrew's
Mr. Charles Lee Swem, twice world's Revolutionary stock. Moved to Iowa Chapter No. 618, Royal .A.rch Masons
shorthand champion read. New York, in 1868. (Scottish Constitution) of Hong-Kong.
Connecticut, New Jersey, Delaware, Educated at Princeton College, Mo., China; Knight of the Royal Order of
Maryland, Pennsylvania, and New Northern Mo. State Normal at Kirks- Scotland in Hong Kong, So. China and
Hampshire were represented in the ville. Mo., and Gem City Bus. College. Straits Settlements, and an affiliant
transcripts that were submitted. Miss Graduate of Southern Medical College, of this order in the provincial Grand
Susan M. Loomis was checker and Mr. .Atlanta, Ga., Class '90. Taught in Lodge of the United States; San An-
A. A. Bowie held the .stop-watch. No the district schools of Mo. and la., at tonio Chapter No. 3, Order of the
errors in dictation and no deviation in the age of 16, 17, and 18, and at the Eastern Star, Veteran Freemasons of
time! same time taught night writing Nebr., and one of the very few Amer-
Mr. Albert Balding, supervisor of schools, and for a short time was a icans to receive the degrees of "Hon-
commercial subjects in the High student teacher of penmanship in the how Hindai" Chinese Freemasons,
Schools of New York City, gave a Northern Mo. State Normal. Honorary Member of Naval and Mili-
most interesting and inspiring address, Served in the U. S. Armv in "Brad- tary Lodsre and Chapter, Scottish and
endorsing the use of the radio as a ford's Rough Riders" (Co. G. 19th English Freemasonry in Hong Kong,
means of increasing shorthand power. Infantry-Mounted.) and in the Medi- China, and of Lodge perla del Oriente
A short while aftei-wards Station cal Department, in the Indian Terri- No. 1034, S. C. of Manila, P. I.
WNYC caused the results to be broad- tory, Western Kans., Texas, Southern Member of Comanche Tribe No. 6;
cast and the members of the profes- Colorado, New Mex., Ariz., and North- Improved Order of Redmen, Atlanta,
sion were awarded gold medals in their ern Nebr., against hostile Cheyennes, Ga., Degree of Pocohontas Council No.
respective sections. Apaches, Utes and Sioux from 1877 to 1; San Antonio, Texas; Fratenial Or-
1888. Commended for meritorious der of Eagles Area No. 38. Omaha;
Your Educator is well named for it service at battle of Punished Woman's Council No. 415, Security Benefit As-
imparts a knowledge, by your expert Creek, Kans., and for carrying dis- sociation; Lodge No. 8, .Ancient Order
contributors, that is decidedly helpful patches through ho.stile Indian coun- of United Workmen, Council Bluff.s,
and instructive. To me your Educa- try, Oct., 1878. Participated in nu- Iowa; Charter member and first Medi-
tor is inspirational. merous engagements, skirmishes, ex- cal FJxaminer, Sam Houston Comp. No.
H. S. VAN DWYN. peditions, etc., with hostile tribes, and 55; Woo<lnien of the World, San An-
59 Pine St., wounded in line of duty. tonio; Charter member .'Mamo post No.
New York Citv, N. Y. During a tour of dutv in the Medical 2, .'\merican IjOgion, San .'Antonio;
Department at Fort McPhorson, (At- Past Provincial Grand President of the
The Guthrie Bu.s.iness College, Guth- lanta) Ga., was Surgeon for the Street Fraternal Order of Eagles in the
rie, is issuing a very attractive
Okla., Railway system of that city, and for Philippines; Past Garrison Command-
school catalogue which is profusely the Southern Cotton Oil Mills near the er Army and Navy Union; Member
illustrated with schoolroom scenes, post. Was the first Superintendent of of Gen. Geo. .\. Custer Garrison No.
photos of former pupils, penmanship the Henry W. Grady Hospital of At- 2, and National Aide with rank of Col-
and even art. lanta. onel .Army and Navy Union; National
W. A. Botts, with whom our readers In 1893, came to San Antonio, Texas, .Aide with rank of Colonel National
are familiar, is president and head of for duty in the office of Chief Surgeon, Indian War Veterans of the U. S.
the penmanship and art department, Department of Texas, and while on Family consists of wife, two sons
P. A. Botts is manager, and E. R. Ver- this duty, was Surgeon for the Street and one daughter.
f^^^ud/zn^iU^^^ei^iu^i/^ ^ 2S
Ornamental Penmanship
By H. L. DARNER. Samson Motor Co., Pittsbargh, Pa.
L..^:<^>i
-z^'e'-i^i^'^^^'i'ey^t^-i^i'-i^t::?^^
C-<^C'2,-(l.<£-<2^1<^
^W^.1^ ^^.r^99pQJ^^^^
iwlaecause of
the^e axcwxie*iaxic5
gn cock has felt that
PlPP^^^Ii tequireb the sever-
ance of his connection u?ith
Practical engrossing by H. E. Miles, Providence, R. I., 20 Wilcox Bldg. Mr. Miles did this piece
Irene Angelina of work very rapidly but at the same time secured a very beautiful effect. The time put into
a piece of work must be governed by the price receivei . Mr. Miles believes in giving more than
Two of the most popular and skill-
he receives, which is not a bad idea.
ful girls in the 192.5 Zanerian Summer
School were the Tauchen sister.s who
came to the Zanerian from Omaha
with Mr. Savage, one of the special After completing their high school graph with some of her work. She has
instructors. Both girls were trained work both girLs took three years of also received much publiicty for her
in the Omaha Public Schools and High work in the University of Omaha and talent as a pianist. Radio fans have
Schools under the supervision of H. E. one year in Creighton University and heard her over W. A. A. W. At the
Clausen and J. A. Savage, whei'e the both expect to receive their Bachelor Zanerian her playing was enjoyed
Zaner-Bloser Method of writing has of Arts degree in June. Both won immensely and was the life of all en-
been used for years. Professional Certificates from the tertainments.
The girls showed exceptional ability Zanerian College. Irene was crowned queen of the
in penmanship while in the grades. Irene teaches music and penman- Omaha Industrial Exposition and later
Angeline at the age of fourteen won ship in the city schools of Omaha. was crowned queen of the Omaha
fii"st honors in a penmanship contest Angeline teaches penmanship in the Manufacturers' Association in which
in the Omaha Schools in which 15,000 largest rural school (Ashland Park 14,000,000 votes were cast. She was
pupils participated. The next year School) in the United States. These presented with a $150.00 gold watch.
she again won first place in a pen- girls are securing excellent results and Angeline worked as a stenographer
manship contest in Central High are enjoying their work. before taking up teaching. She also
School. At the same time Irene won Before teaching school Irene was a has received much publicity in the
first place in the High School of Com- policy writer for the Bankers Resei^ve Omaha papers for her ability in pen-
merce penman.ship contest. Both Insurance Company of Omaha. The manship.
schools have 25,000 specimens of pen- Omaha papers commented highly on Yes, Omaha is proud of her Tauchen
manship exhibited in the grades. her pen work and published her photo- girls, and so is the Zanerian.
:
28 ^ ,^J^uJ//t^^(^^i^iua/h-
IMROS!
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Here's a suggestion, — when yOD have an announcem
in your own handwriting and send it to the B. E. 1
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ORNATE CARDS Written by Dobson are the
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the Bryant and Stratton College of teach commercial work in the Spring TH.\TS WHY.
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Tha Newton Auton Shadinii P« Dcpl. B PONTIAC. MICH.. U. S. A. 206 Broadway NEW YORK CITY.
^ f!^^^r3^Uii/n^iU'^i(/iu^i/fr'
DAY AFTER DAY—I am
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fills a long-felt need, etc." A book that YOU
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you had a better grasp on business conditions than any oth. the field, particularly the
business conditions in business colleges. I have also felt that you re better acquainted with
business men. This is a valuable asset in any teachers' agency.
^^J^UiU'n^d^iSti^iu^a^r' ^ as
BOOK REVIEWS is
The aim
to
of "Essentials of Commercial Law"
in the student's mind such a
develop
knowledge of commercial law as will enable
STATEMENT OF THE OWNERSHIP. MAN-
AGEMENT, CIRCULATION, ETC.. RE-
QUIRED BY THE ACT OF CON-
Our readers are interested in books of merit, him. in conducting his business or profession GRESS OF AUGUST 24, 1912,
but especially in books of interest and value later, to proceed within his legal rights, con- Of THE BUSINESS EDUCATOR, published
to commercial teachers, including books of serving his own best interests without tres- monthly except July and August, at Colum-
special educational value and books on busi- passing upon the rights of others. bus, Ohio, for April 1926.
ness subjects. All such books will be briefly State of Ohio.
reviewed in these columns, the object being to County of Franklin, ss
give sufficient description of each to enable Letters From Famous People, by Before me. a Notary Public, in and for the
oar readers to determine its value. State and county aforesaid, personally ap-
Sharpless D. Green. Published by peared E. W. Bloser, who, having been duly
Rapid Business Arithmetic, by R. W. the Gregg Publishing Company., sworn according to law, deposes and says that
M. Gibbs. Published by Oxford New York City. Cloth cover, 362 he is the Editor of THEBUSINESS EDU-
pages. CATOR, and that the following is, to the
University Press, American Branch, best of his knowledge and belief .a true state-
New York City, N. Y. Cloth cover The letters presented in this book were
written by those big-hearted men and women,
ment of the ownership, management (and if
165 pages. a daily paper, the circulation) etc., of the
,
who, having made good in their chosen call- aforesaid publication, for the date shown in
The aim of this book is to bridge the gulf ings, had the interest in the young people of
between the Arithmetic of the school-room and the above caption, required by the Act of
today to write them a message of help and August 24, 1924. embodied in section 443.
that of a Business House. It provides a train- inspiration, so that those about to place their
ing in mental arithmetic and in new and Postal Laws and Regulations, printed on the
feet on the lower rounds of the ladder typify- reverse of this form, to wit:
rapid methods of calculating suitable for the
ing success may have a broad, clear view of 1. That the names and addresses of the
latter years of a school course or for those
the finest type of business men and women. publisher, editor, managing editor, and busi-
who have already left school and find them-
selves slow at figures. The book is not an ness managers are:
Arithmetic only, it is one of reference. It is Publisher, The Zaner-Bloser Company, Co-
hoped that the Tables at the end will justify A Neglected Factor in Education, bv lumbus. Ohio. 612 N. Park.
its position in any office. The table of Ex- George E. Walk, Ph. D., Dean, Editor. E. W. Bloser. Columbus, Ohio. 612
change from the dollar to the pound sterling N. Park.
Teachers College, Temple Univer- Managing Editor. E. A. Lupfer. Columbus,
gives the value for every one thirty-second of
a point from 4.84 to 4.S7 to seven places of sity, Philadelphia. Published by the Ohio. 612 N. Park.
decimals. The chapter on the Stock Exchange Gregg Publishing Company., New Business Managers, none.
2. That the owners are: (Give names and
includes a practical and detailed account of the York City. Paper cover, 76 pages.
actual arithmetic of buying and selling. addresses of individual owners, or. if a cor-
This monograph frankly makes an attempt poration, give its name and the names and
to present some considerations that the writer addresses of stockholders owning or holding 1
Gregg Shorthand Junior Manual, by confidently believes are so, but are not gen- per cent or more of the total amount of
erally known. It seeks to traverse a domain
John Robert Gregg Published by
.
as rich in possibilities as a fabled El Dorado.
stock.)
E. W. Bloser. Parker Bloser.
the Gregg Publishing Co., New In the spirit of pioneer research, this mono- R. E. Bloser. E. A. Lupfer.
York. Cloth cover, 168 pages. graph explores a "River of Doubt." but it Rebecca Bloser. R. B. Moore.
The purpose of the Gregg Shorthand Junior steers its course by definite markings, and it 3. That the known bondholders, mortgagees,
Manual is to provide a simple presentation of has a specific goal in view. It tries to avoid and other security holders owning or holding
Gregg Shorthand for the pre-vocational study dogmatism, but it does not evade responsibility. 1 per cent or more of total amount of bonds,
of the subject in the Junior High Schools and It aims to appraise facts at their proper values, mortgages, or other securities are: (If there
other schools where shorthand is not studied and it claims no validity for its conclusions are none, so state.) None.
for vocational purposes. that the acid test of practice may not justify. 4. That the two paragraphs next above,
giving the names of the owners, stockholders,
Essentials of Commercial Law, by and security holders, if any. contain not only
LEARN POLICY ENGROSSING and receive the list of stockholders and security holders
Wallace H. Whigam, M. S., LL. M., a good salary. Twelve lessons will prepare as they appear upon the books of the com-
Carl Schurz High School and Walton you to do the work. My experience of over pany but also, in cases where the stockholder
School of Commenrce, Chicago, 111., tweWe years as policy writer enables me to or security holder appears upon the books of
give guaranteed satisfaction. Terms, address. the company as trustee or in any other fidu-
assisted in revision by C. Martin ciary relation, the name of the person or
Alsagei% M. A., J. D. Lindblom corporation for whom such trustee is acting,
is given also that the said two paragraphs
High School, Chicago, 111. Published ;
HARVARD UNIVERSITY
offers
Mailing Lists
B> FraiiriB H. C
^ .^^3^uJi/t^U^(^4;/iu^i^^ u
LEARN ENGROSSING
in your spare time at home.
Thirty Lesson Plates and
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Summer School for Commercial Teachers
to any address on receipt of Fourteenth Annual Session Three Months in Length
two dollars. Cash or P. O.
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P. W. COSTELLO Full schedule of college rank. Twelve college hours offered. Student may start each year
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Scranton Real Estate BIdg. Last five weeks term highly professional.
SCRANTON, PA. During this term student may earn twelve hours and get professional tone, recreation
and pleasure. He may also get a good position if he has none or a better position if he
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Thirty-one states represented here last summer. Offering the best this year we have
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Ask for full information including salary list.
COLLEGE OF COMMERCE
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B Illustrators ()
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THE ONLY MAGAZINE OF ITS
JOSEPH GILLOTT & SONS
KIND PUBLISHED SOLD BY ALL STATIONERS
Colxiitibixs, Ohio Single copy 15c. Annual subscription 11.60
Send for Sample Copy.
JOURNAL OF COMMERCIAL EDUCATION Alfred Field & Co., Inc., Sole Agents
44 N. 4th St. PHILADELPHIA, PA. 93 Chambers St. NEW YORK CITY
PENMANSHIP SUPPLIES
Prices subject to change without notice. Cash should accompany all orders.
All goods go postpaid except those listed to go by express, you to pay express charges. Of
course, when cheaper, goods listed to go by express will be sent by parcel post, if you pay
charges.
PENS PAPERS
Zanerian Fine Writer Pen No. 1. Zanerian 5 tb Paper (wide and narrow rule):
gr $1.75 U gr $ .50 1 doz $ .20 1 pkg. iif 240 sheets by express $1.50
Zanerian Ideal Pen No. 2, Zanerian Medial
Pen No. Zanerian 6 lb Paper (wide and narrow rule):
Pen No. 3, Zanerian Standard 4,
1 pkg. of 240 sheets by express $2 ;)0
Zanerian Falcon Pen No. 5, Zanerian Busi-
ness Pen No. 6. Zanerian 7 lb Paper (wide rule):
1 pkg. of 240 sheets by express $2-^.'
gr 51.25 M gr $ .40 1 doz $ .15
Special prices in quantities. We also handle Zanerian Azure (Blue) Paper:
Gillott's, Hunt's, Spenoerian and Esterbrook's 1 pkg. of 240 sheets by expre.ss $2.0U
pens. Write for prices. Zaner Method No. 9 Paper (^s in. rule, 8.1IOI/2)
Broad Pointed Lettering Pens. 1 pkg. of 500 sheets, not prepaid $ .S5
Complete set (12 pens) $0.35 100 sheets by mail postpaid 50
doz. single pointed pens 15 Zaner Method No. 15 Paper (% in. rule,
doz. double pointed pens 30 8x10 '/z):
doz. single pointed, any No 25 1 pkg. of 500 sheets, not prepaid $1.50
doz. double pointed, any No GO
If liiir
"A*"' '"A''"
"''^X
iffii|iiii
'
•'•AV-^-A^i |
iiiijiiMii|ii
- llipilif '";i|iiiiii;li
r;(TX^^rA'\--'r^\--/7H;r"'n'<
':rT\- 'Ar 'A'
i iiHP^
'/A'^' 'X' —
Capital University, and we predict a simi- has spent many summers in the Zanerian.
lar experience for him at the Zanerian Wc arc fortunate in again securing his
•ervicea.
this summer.
FRANK H. ARNOLD
Co/umbus, Oh/o
^ f^F^Uii/n^M^^a/iu^i^fr*
THE GREGG
NORMAL COURSE
. . . T\ie Ultimate in
For 2 Generations Experts
Teacher Training
Have Chosen Spencerians
Men and women who teach penmanship
ROGRESS is the process of know from years of experience how
adjusting ourselves to chang- wide is the range of points offered in
Spencerians.
ing conditions. We are living
The present day freedom in style of
in a changed world. New writing has developed rapidly, biit the
times demand new ways. The variety of design of our fifty different
styles has fulfilled every requirement.
Gregg Normal is the recognized leader
From the testimony of pen experts we
methods of teaching com-
in resultful adopted the slogan, "Spencerian Pens
mercial subjects. are Best". They outwrite and outlast
ordinary pens.
At the Gregg Normal you will receive Send 10c for our assortment of 10 se-
lected Spencerians and a complimentaiy
the mental refreshment that will help
cork-tipped penholder.
you to step out of the ranks of the ordi-
for your copy today. Enclosed please find $ ...for which send
Chicago, 111.
Agents Wanted
f^^r^u^'/i^U'is'^/iua/ir' ^
rhanpl
\^II<tpei Hill
Xllll, N
iX. C Kj.
university of N. C. 1st Term.
June 11 to July 20, 1926. Miss Milledgeville, Ga.
Georgia State College for Wom-
Lillie Jones, Director of Handwriting, Durham, Instructor. 2nd en. June 14 to July 24. 1926.
Term. July 21 to August 2S. Miss Matte Conn Baldon. South- Mabel Vogan, Director of Handwriting. Fairmont, W. Va.,
ern Reuresentative of the Zaner-Bloser Co., Instructor.
Valparaiso, Ind. ''^Z:i.J1r:^\ Statesboro, Ga. The State Teachers College, June
Mrs. Guy H. Well,
14 to July 24.
1926. M. E. Zii
Instructor.
Con Tnca
oail UU»C, P'alif
V^aill.
San Jose State Teachers College,
Millersville, Pa.
Millersville State Normal School,
j^ng ,8 to August 6, 1926. Miss June 14 to July 24. 1926. Lester
M, Belle Murphy. Instructor. R. Uhrick, Instructor.
PLAN TO ENROLL IN ONE OF THESE SCHOOLS THIS SIMMER. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION. ADDRESS
ZANERIAN COLLEGE OF PENMANSHIP, Columbus, Ohio.
f^^t^ud/n^M'^t/iua/fr' ^
Through labor saving methods the book has been made exceed-
ingly brief but sufficiently comprehensive for any high school or busi-
ness college course.
Publisher's Note
At the request of a large number of type-
writing teachers, we have issued an edi-
tion of "Practical Course in Touch
Typewriting" by Charles E. Smith, using
the method of fingering in which B is
ADams
Isaac Pitman & Sons
4439
2 West 45th Street NEW YORK
THE
U5m^55 Miiuratar
\ olume 31 COLUMBUS, OHIO, JUNE, 1926 Number 10
THE BUSINESS EDUCATOR SUBSCRIPTION PRICE. $1.25 A YEAR The Business Educator is the best mediuio
(To Canada, 10c more; foreign. 20c more) through which to reach business college pro-
Published monthly (except July and Auffust) Single ccpy, 15c.
By THE ZANER-BLOSER CO.. Change of address should be requested prietors and managers, commercial teachers
612 N. Park St.. Columbus. O. promptly in advance, if possible, giving the old and students, and lovers of penmanship. Copy
E. W. Bloser
B. A. LuPFBR .... Editor
Manasrine Editor
as 'well as the new address.
Advertising rates furnished upon request.
must reach our office by the 10th of the naonth
for the issue of the following month.
f^^f^u^/n^U'ia^/iu^a^h^ ^
Lessons in Handwriting
By MABEL VOGAN, Saperrisor of Handwriting, Fairmont, W. Va.
(Misa Vogan will be glad to give you good criticisms if you will send 15 cts. with your worlc to her at Mannington, W. Va.)
Group Fourteen
Exercise One
Review the push-pull one space high and the indirect running oval 1-2 space high. We are ready to begin our
"Capital Stem" letters of which there are eleven. Master the loop and stem now, and you will have that part of all
the capitals which contain that element. For the exercise count 1-2-3-4-5 for the little indirect oval, and slant to the
base line ending with a firm stop.
Exercise Two
Count 1-2 making the 2 a snappy count. Close the loop and be sure to cun'e both sides of it. Note that the loop
has push-pull slant. Observe the space between the loop and the slanted downstroke. Slant straight down on the stem
stopping firmly on the base line.
Exercise Three
Curve the top of this element well as if to make a large direct oval. Then .slant straight down to the base line as
in the "Capital Stem." Retrace the point slightly, and finish with an over left curve loop. The loop resembles a
carelessly finished small "e." Count 1, 2.
Exercise Four
For "H" count 1-2, 3-4 at the rate of 30 to 35 letters per minute. Make graceful "Capital Stem." Lift the pen,
and begin well to the right and slightly higher than the stem loop. Curve the top, then slant straight to the base line.
Make a firm stop on the line. Avoid too much width. Finish with a left loop which at least touches the stem, and it
may loop around it a little.
Exercise Five
Make this exercise to the count 1-2, 3-4, 5-6, 7-8 finish. End just below the line as in "R." Keep the little loop
in the middle and pointing leftward. Aim for good compound curves.
Exercise Six
Study the large form. Count the same as for "H" 1-2, 3-4, and make the stem the same. 2. Begin well to the
right and slightlv higher than the stem in making the second part. 3. Make a compound cur\'e to the middle of the
stem and touch or tie around it as in "R." End with a compound curve as in "R" finishing just below the base line
with the pen still in motion. Note that the second part of "K" begins as "0." Write about 30 letters per minute.
Exercise Seven
Always do your best whether in formal practice or not. Careless scribbling will undo many hours of thought-
ful practice. Do your very best on everything that you write. It is more refined to write a neat, legible hand than
to be so individual that others must sacrifice time and nen'es in deciphering your individuality. Are you able to
produce uniform slant, lines, size, and plain letter forms. Try it when applying "H and K" in the word practice.
^ 0) i^ 0)
^^ ^ ^^ ^ ^
/
/v^^^^,^<^/ yV^i.-^'L^^,^
^^^tSBuJ/n^d^(aiei&ua/^r' ^
Group Fifteen
Exercise One
Try warming up with push-pull one space high. Practice it until you can make good sure slant strokes. These
are our first upper loop letters. Slant is greatly helped or spoiled by loop letters. Always aim to get the proper
slant and good full loops. For the exercise count curve 1-2-3-4-5-6, 1-2-3-4. Curve the upstrokes well. Slant the
loops parallel with the push-pull, and make their backs nearly straight. Note that the crossing is rather near the
base line.
Exercise Two
Join four loops omitting push-pull. Count 1-2-3-4. Watch slant, white spaces and height.
Exercise Three
Count 1-2 for the "1." Cui-\'e the upstroke well. Slant back as straight as possible. Make a good elbow curve
for the finish. Speed, about 100 letters per minute.
Exercise Four
The loop exercise with the "b" finish. Count 1-2-3-4-5-6, finish. Observe that the finish is like the "v" and "w."
Keep the dot and cur\'e finish rather near the big loop.
Exercise Five
Count 1-2, 3. Make "1" except the finish. Cur\'e the end up closer the loop, and finish as "v and w," rather low
about 1-3 the height of the loop.
Exercise Six
For joining the "b's" count 1-2, 3-4, 5-6, 7-8, swing. Work for uniform slant, height, white spaces, and straight
backs.
Exercise Seven
Be observing and accurate at all times if you wish to succeed as a penman. Apply the two habits in practicing the
study words and see if they do not help you to secure better results than just "blind blundering."
j^-^iy-^-^y^--^^^-^^
^-^'^^'-i:^--<t>--tll,^^..^^^
Group Sixteen
Exercise One
Review push-pull and indirect oval movements before beginning these exercises. Review the "n" movement
Aim for uniform turns and slants.
Exercise Two
For the "h and turn" exercise count 1-2, 3-4. 5-6 7-8. Watch slant, turns, and angles.
Exercise Three
Count 1-2, 3. Curve the upstroke well. Retrace from the base line a little, and finish like "n." Make the turn
about 1-3 the height of the loop. Keep the downstrokes parallel. Write at the rate of about 55 to 60 letters per
minute.
Exercise Four
Join the four "h's" to the count lh-2h-3h-4h. Keep uniform slants, height, turns, etc.
Exercise Five
The "k" is composed of a loop as in "h" and hook finish. Note that the second part resembles a "R" without
a loop.
10 ^ ^^'^Usi/n^ii^^e/iua^r' ^
Exercise Six
Count 1-2, 3. Curve up well. Make the hook horizontal and closed. The finish forms an elbow cun-e. The down-
strokes are parallel. Write 50 to 55 letters per minute.
Exercise Seven
When joining the "k's" count 1-2-3, 1-2-3, 1-2-3, 1-2-3, aiming for parallel slants, straight backs, open loops, good
hooks, and uniform size.
Exercise Eight
In writing these words see how easily you can swing off good light lines, legible forms, unifomi slants, open
loops, and sure, smoo'.> line quality.
^ f^J^g^'/i^iU'^^<^^fua/fr'
Paragraph and page writing are very interesting. You should be able by this time to write each individual letter
well and to write individual words well. You should now work for general effect. See that the appearance of the
page is good, that means that the margin should be uniform and neat, the slant unifonn, the spacing regular,
each letter resting on the base line, all letters the proper height, graceful flowing movement and uniform light
touch.
If any one letter or part of the page attracts attention unfavorably due to crowding or other defect you should
practice on that particular part until you can write it as well as the other part of the page.
Keep up your practice if you would succeed. Now the time to do the most practicing so that you can retain
i.*;
/-^
G=;C-;'^--z>d--z:^:^£-<?^2,^
a^
,/'Z^-<?'Z^^^^^c>^-^^^-<i^^^?'^^^-<y^i;
around,
Specimens of lettering have been
receiveilfrom the pupils of Mrs. Lucy
Are pages in that book to show yvherc God H. Thurman, Webb, Arizona, which
deserve special comment and praise.
hlimself is found. John K.ble.
Indian O^xvnrrs^r
Cro-sj-/y>^ 6Ac Bar
r\ Siltcer? curioin ve-ils \Vt^ sl<ie^&^ /^or c/)o rrom ou6 Oiyr-
/\ nd loQir conce-als irorri pcnbive e.ye.& /5ocyrr>c of ^/me anc/ ^/ace
The broniina toUens oV the, +qII;
T/ie f/o oa' ay /5 e c7/~ m
/77e far
A co'inness, broods upon +he hillb. J /hope vTee n^y /^' /oc face
And so(»r)rr7e»-'s porfino dre,a»vi di^4ils ^o face
U//?e/^ J f/ai^e era ss ec/
A chori^ or siltnca over all.
cAe 6o/~
The above specimen was lettered by Adelia K. (Ireen. West Chester. This specimen was lettered by Sniite Towata. Alameda. Calif.,
State Normal School, and won the second
I'a.. prize. Like all speri- High School, and won the third prize. We congratulate the
ment from this school il is strong and bold. entire class onthe fine work submitted.
^
*^^^Uii/n^ii^^<f^&ua^^ ^ u
SPECIMENS RECEIVED
Specimens for the Student.s' Page
have been received from the Srd, 5th,
1 wande/rc-d lonely qs a cloud 6th and 7th grade.<i of the Star School,
Camden, N. J., Miss Maughan, Miss
Ihol' tIoqIs on kick o'er vales ond hills^ Meerwald, Miss Rivard, Miss Caskey,
and Miss Marks are the teachers.
Vvnen all ai" once J. saw a crowd While we were not able to reproduce
some of the work, we want to compli-
ment them on the excellent work.
A ^osf ^ OT Qolden cJafTOciils •
CITY SECTION
Tiere ore souls like stars , that dwell apart, The winners for the City Section follow:
Lincoln School, Carbondale. first : Central
School. West Frankfort, second Logan School,
In Q fellowless firmament', West Frankfort, third Benton, fourth
coln School. DuQuoin. fifth
Lin-
;
;
Jonesboro. sixth ; :
— —
:
True Love :
mal School student, who has a good knowledge of lettering, excellent arrangement and District No. :
ABCDEFGH
IJ NOPQR
S T UYWX YZ &
The above Roman Capitals were made by Irwin Ogden, student in the Grand Island, Neb., B s College. W. E. McDonough,
instructor. Mr. Ogden not only has ability in lettering but also writes an excellent b nd ornamental hand. Some
day we expect to see Mr. Ogden up at the top of the penmanship profession.
IS t^J^ui/n^^(^(/iu^i/iT^ ^
Supplementary Business Writing
By C. C. LISTER, Maxwell Traininc School for Teachers, New York CitT.
>T.'ii^C<!^l'''*''!JC^C^ — — £Z^'><L^CLy
eZyy^t-'t'-Z.</-<^fZ.^
a^yt^y^
Mr. C. C. Usler. Maxwell Training School for Teacher!.. New York Cit.v, will continue throuKhout the oming year to contribute a page of
"Supplementary BuBincso Writinn" to the B. E. His many years of experience as a penman and leache enable him to i)re»ent sound jiedagoffy
written in that beautiful, matchless style of his.
f^J^u4/n^U/^(i^iu:a^ ^
"Ain't nacher grand?" get small
pleasure for their trouble as compared
d^ «^^^^%^>/<si^d22^w«^^ ^
visible machine had not been perfected
as yet. Patrick would have been more
home with
Her Name Was Maud at a laggin' in his hand
spraggin' cars than pounding these
B> C. R. McCANN. McCann School of Business. HazI typewriter keys. One night he asked
if he might not have the keys to the
School so that he could open up a little
earlier than the accustomed hour. The
"Whoa, there, Maud," said Patrick whim of some young professor who Principal readily consented and Pat-
Joseph Flynn as he drew up at the wants to get a reputation for himself. rick got in a few extra hours each
mule stable after the work of the day My younger readers will find out later week before the others were awake
on in life that some persons love rattling away at the typewriter. The
was done. "Maud," continued Patrick,
"you have been a good friend of mine
—
notoriety of mysticism "Please, Mr. favorite method was "Now is the time
even though you were a little balky Policeman, arrest me and give me a for all, etc." as many of the older
at times and I only hope your next —
headline in the paper I want to sell typists will recall. This was before
driver will be as kind to you as I have —
my latest book this will give me the time of the immortal J. N. Kim-
Sometimes, it is said added publicity." ball, etc., who has done so much to
tried to be."
that even mules appreciate kindness The other boys and girls would help along the cause of typewriting.
and Maud smilingly wanted to know laugh inwardly at our friend, Patrick Patrick soon got the "hang of it" and
where her old driver was going. Joseph, yet he made friends with them in a few weeks could write as fast as
"I am going to start Business Col- all. Too many boys are afraid of the best of them in school. He plug-
lege tomorrow morning and you are ridicule from their classmates and do ged along with his English, too, for
put out to pasture until not progress rapidly. Before long, his teacher had said in class one day
going to be
the strike is over at the mines," replied the old fashioned teacher called Pat- that if a boy wanted to be a good
her old master. So they kissed each rick in front of the class one morn- stenographer he must FIRST be good
ing and told him to teach the lesson in English, because a thorough knowl-
other good bye, for Maud was a good
mule, as far" as mules go. Her dis- on loop letters, much to the consterna- edge of English was really more es-
tion of the class and the amazement of sential to a shorthand career than the
position, in fact, was better than some
of her masters' but that is another Patrick as well. But he had been used hooks and curls, for a great many
to push and pull all his life so he was dictators had risen up through the
story.
Patrick was on hand bright and game, dug right in, and did the best ranks and had not the education to use
early at the school the next morning he knew. This was the method used the correct word always; hence, the
because he was accustomed to get up by the teacher to reward the faithful stenographer would have to make the
early every morning. If one gets into — this method has been di-scarded by correction. In letter writing, he got
the gist of what the teacher said in
the habit of sleeping late in the morn- the 20th Century teachers as unethical
ing hours, it is hard work to "wake —
and obsolete be that as it may, our class, "Make your letters conversa-
Patrick could swing a better set of tional in tone, make them short and
up and get up" when the old alarm
Especially is this true Capitals than most of the present day sweet, and say what you have to say
clock sounds.
if one has been out late or should I
teachers of penmanship. The old time and stop." This helps the reader and
.say earlv that particular —
morning if teachers certainly knew their knittin' boosts the .stock of the writer in the
—
you don't believe it ask some World and teaching has not changed much
from the beginning. It is the mental
eyes of the one who reads the letter.
In a short time a good letter writer
War Veteran who fought in the front
line trenches. Too many boys who attitude of the students that counts composes his own letters if he is any
live just around the corner from the so much in a school. good in an office and thus relieves his
.school are always late in getting to Before long, Patrick passed his boss of an immense amount of cor-
class, yet the country boy who lives Bookkeeping Course and was ready to respondence. Patrick's letters were
miles away is usually on deck when take up Shorthand and Typewriting, always read aloud in class because
the door opens. as it was known in those days. It they were prepared with a great deal
This school work was not new to might be recognized today as Secre- of care. So many letters are written
tarial Training or Advanced Course in in between classes; hence, no care is
Patrick Joseph for he had spent the
winter evenings in the Night School Private Secretaryship. But the fact taken but not so with cautious Patrick.
and was fairly well advanced in his still remains that the one who can jot When the Fall Term opened quite
work. The doors opened at 8:00 A. down shorthand as "she is spoke" and a large number of boys enrolled in
can transcribe his notes at a fair rate the Day School. The coal strike had
M., although the recitations did not
begin untilDiOO A. M.— no one knows of speed need not worry so much not ended and some of them thought
ju.st whv this particular time was set about the name of the course. What they might just as well secure an edu-
the business man wants is that it is cation and get away from the coal
but it is almost universal. Most of
out correctly and swiftly. mines. These boys reasoned the best
the bovs would have a pleasant chat gotten
from the time they entered until the .\bout the only difference in the paying profession is BUSINESS so if
teacher rang the opening bell. With courses is the time it takes to finish they worked hard they would not have
them. If you have plenty of money to go back in the mines and die from
some people, they never start until
and wish to secure a degree or some- black damp, asthma, rheumatism or
the whistle blows but when it comes
—
time to quit always ready to cease thing like that, then by all means get (|uicker still, fall of top rock. Patrick
—
-work and these same people never the high sounding course but remem-
ber that degrees do not help earn
knew most cf them and assisted the
head of the department teaching these
rise above the mediocre ranks in the
business world. You know the more bread and butter. After you get the boys. If one has been over the rough
bosses one has the less money he degree, you usually work under the road of trial balances, working sheets,
boy who took just plain Shorthand profit and loss statements, he can as-
makes and so it is in the school work
if boys and girls wait for the and Typewriting without the frills and sist a beginner much more readily
teacher to tell them what to do, they fancies. Big business men do not put than those who have taken a Six
you into a position where you have a Weeks' Course in some high brow col-
will never progress very rapidly.
desk and a .stenog to do your work lege. It was the greatest experience
However, we must not lose sight of
unless you happen to be the nephew Patrick had ever had because he
our patient Irishman for if one can
of some high official of the company learned more in this way than he
drive mules and be patient, he de-
sen-es a medal. As soon as he arrived and it is not the style to do that very —
imagined try it sometime and .see for
at school, he always got right down much any more — you know styles yourself.
Spring came, Patrick had a chance
to his penmanship. Although he was change just like clothes.
not the artist our late C. P. Zaner The hardest part of the work now to secure a position in the city of
for Patrick was the typewriter. His Brotherly Love and political affilia-
was, yet he had secret ambitions to
excel those in school. Some people fingers were not suited to hit those tion. He stuck close to his work and
glass keys with rhythm and he could in a shnrt time, sent back word for
think that good penmen are not edu-
cated. But that is the particular not see what he was writing for the (Continued on page 27)
—
^ r^^^ii^/ned^4^ti^iu:a/ir'
said.
^
He smiled as he remarked,
A Tribute to Charles T. Gragin "You're sure she didn't say 'literary
crickets'."
for so many years contributed those inimitable stories which have ins It is the opinion of many who are
ands of our young readers and delighted the older members of our pre familiar with his writings that had he
By Frank H. Ash, Drake Business School, Paterson, N. J.
begun years ago and devoted his time
exclu.sively to writing reminiscences—
especially of commercial education
For nearly twenty years the readers All during those warm summer he would have found it very profitable.
of The Business Educator have been months and part of the fall he was As a Commercial Teacher
enjoying- the interesting articles of confined to the hospital. I returned Mr. Cragin was a pioneer in com-
the late C. T, Cragin. No longer do to my senior year at Normal in Sep- mercial work. He knew and was
the pages of the journal contain the tember anti a few months later Mr. known by most of the leaders in this
witty sketches that appeared under Cragin was well enough to leave the field. I am not sure, but I think it
the caption "A Little of Everything." hospital and spend a little time at must have been very nearly a half a
His death which occurred just about a school. He was very weak, however, century ago that he was graduated
year ago brought them to a close. and he showed the signs of his strug- from Eastman's Business College,
Twenty years is a long time to con- gle. For a few months he came to Poughkeepsie, N. Y.— at that time the
tribute continuously to any one pub- school for an hour or two each day and largest of its kind in the country
lication. It must have been a source tried to get back into the routine and began teaching at the Bryant &
of much satisfaction to him to look again, but it was not to be. He was Stratton Business School, Manchester,
back over that period of time and forced to return to the hospital early N. H. In the years that followed he
consider the influence that radiated in 1925 where he lingered until spring. taught in many of the leading busi-
from those many articles. Hundreds I was not surprised, while at school ness schools and military academies
of teachers, students, and others in- last May, to receive a clipping telling in the country.
tere.sted in penmanship and commer- of his death. Services were held for While in charge of the advanced
cial education were inspired and en- him in the magnificent Skinner Me- bookkeeping department of the Roch-
tertained by his writings. morial Chapel. This chapel is located ester Business Institute he wrote the
It is my privilege, upon the invita- almost directly opposite the bank Modern Illustrative Bookkeeping text.
tion of the editor, to relate some of building in which is located the school He went to Rochester, upon the invi-
my experiences with him during the where he taught for so many years. tation of Williams & Rogers, to revise
last few years of his life, while I was one of their texts on bookkeeping. In-
associated with him as a teacher at stead of revising the old one he was
Thompson's Business School, Holyoke, assigned the task of writing a new
Mass. At the time of his death he text which had been begun by E. V.
had completed twenty years of serv- Neal. The original M. I. B. was, and
ice as manager of the Holyoke School. the revised edition still is, one of the
I realize that any effort on my part to most popular texts on the subject of
pav a fitting tribute to him will be bookkeeping. Had Mr. Cragin re-
futile. ceived a royalty for each copy sold,
My First Acquaintance With Him instead of having been paid for his
My first acquaintance with Mr. services, his income for many years
Cragin dates back to the summer of past would have been an excellent one.
1921. I was preparing for the en- Commercial teachers are criticised,
trance examinations to the commercial and often justly so, for having had no
department of the Salem, Mass., Nor- practical business experience. Mr.
mal School, and went to Thompson's Cragin was not one of these. When a
a few weeks "brushing up," on my young man he spent nine years in the
shorthand dictation. I had been out employ of the Corey Needle Co., a
of high school a year and my "short- small manufacturing plant. He was
hand speed car" had rusted from lack bookkeeper, traveling salesman, and
of use. CHAS. T. CRAGIN everything else. He covered Canada
As Miss Thompson opened the door During life it was a pleasure for him and most of the United States, east
of the dictation room to show me a to attend services there and listen to of the Mississippi, as well as keeping
class at work, the teacher, Mr. Cragin, Dr. Wicks in the pulpit or Prof. Ham- the books of the establishment. This
who was seated at a large table dic- mond at the organ. He was laid at practical experience was very valuable
tating to the students grouped about rest in Forestdale, one of Holyoke's to him in the preparation of his text.
him, raised his head, peered over his beautiful cemeteries. I have never seen, and never expect
glasses at us and then continued with As a Scholar to see, dictation classes as interesting
his work. He was an elderly looking Mr. Cragin was a great reader. In- as those conducted by him. Because
man, tall and rather stout, with grey variably he was seen with a news- of his extensive reading and the broad
hair and mustache. The day was very paper or book under his arm. He was background of teaching and business
warm and he wore a palm beach suit. thoroughly familiar with all current experience he was able to compose
This was his favorite apparel during topics and could talk and write most practically all of his dictation material
the warm summer months. It was a interestingly on news of the day. — letters, articles, and even court
familiar sight to see him strolling Every moniing he gave the students testimony. His eyes were not riveted
along High Street, wearing a tan palm a fifteen or twenty minute talk on on the pages of a book. His letters
beach and carrying a cane under his what he termed the "Day's Doings." were alive and interesting, and he
arm. He held his head high and had These talks, into which he wove much varied them both in speed and content
a certain dignity about his bearing humor, were greatly enjoyed by the to meet the needs of the individual
which made him stand out as a leader. students. pupils.
Mr. Cragin's Illness He read about every novel of any As a Man
I was surprised to receive a call account as soon as it was published There is a great diff'erence between
from Miss Thompson during July, and he was a steady customer at the knowing a person and knowing about
1924, telling me that Mr. Cragin was circulating libraries. While he was in a person. To those who knew Mr.
seriously ill in the hospital following the hospital I went in to one of the Cragin, who knew his joys and his
an operation. She asked me to sub- libraries to get a novel for him. In trials, — —
he was to use one of his fa-
stitute for the remainder of the sum- speaking of Mr. Cragin's work the vorite expressions "all wool and a
mer. This was my first teaching ex- librarian said that in her opinion he yard wide." Like all others his road
perience and I tried my best to fill the was one of the best literary critics in was not always an easy one, and at
shoes of a man who had grown old in the city. Feeling that it would cheer times when he was temporarily broken
the field of commercial teaching. him up a bit, I told him what she had (Continued on page 21)
^ .^J^Bud/n^U^fSa^iu^i^ ^
A^'l.^^X.^^^^..^.^ ^^ iC^^C^^C^^t'
z.iU.^gryg^ ^^
gZ^ Ay
Z^ /t^ lU-'^ez^ Ig^-g-iC^f
above specimen.
which tribute is paid to one of America's greatest men by one of
America's finest penmen. Read
This is a maslerfull.v written specimen in
the life ot Lincoln and study the work of Madar I you will be fired with inspiration in abundance and a desire to atUin ireater heiKhla.
The II appear in the B. E., bcginninK in the September issue.
: : ;
^ *^^f3Bu4/n^iU^^i^iu^iih^ 21
A TRIBUTE TO ment of gracefulness, accuracy, and ting sail, I had the privilege of draw-
CHARLES T. CRAGIN skill." Pa.sted to the upper righthand ing from a storehouse of experience,
(Continued from page 19) corner is a small picture, below it are the equal of which was possessed by
the words "L. Madarasz, World Fa- very few.
in spiritliis cheerful disposition would
leave him. Those who knew him, knew mous Penman." It is Sunday evening. My room is
"why" of his moods and they liked The letter itself is as follows: quiet and silently lonely. My story is
him all the more. nearly done. I pause in the "typing of
Yale Ave..
He was very frank and open and 5.112
Knoxville. Tenn..
it to listen to the chimes playing in
would not hesitate to state candidly Feb. 10. '10.
the nearby church and as I do so, I
his opinions. fall into a reverie. Reveries are not
My dear Cragin
Very much battered but still on deck.
easy to describe. I always associate
His Friendship with Dennis I've been nigh the border several times with them the following .selection from
and Other Masters since the spring of '07 when I had a one of Longfellow's poems:
stunt with typhus pneumonia in Nev.. and
Mr. Cragin was intimately acquaint- it is only for the past 6 months that I've
"I see the lights of the city
ed with the following famous pen- been able to pick up the threads where I Gleam thru the rain and the mist
men: W. E. Dennis, L. Madarasz, C. left off. Cost $16,000 and 3 years time. And a feeling of sadness comes o'er me
P. Zaner and A. N. Palmer. But that's a hard luck story, and I want That my cannot
All of to forget it. I owe everything to the
soul resist.
these, with the exception of Palmer, watchful care of the little woman my — "A feeling of sadness and longing
have passed on, but in the penmanship oasis in life.
That is not akin to pain.
world their names are immortal. I am trying my hand at a little com- But resembles sadness only
position, (referring to 11 masterpieces As the mist resembles rain."
Dennis, Madarasz, and Palmer were which he prepared for THE BUSINESS
students at the Bryant & Stratton
Business School, Manchester, N. H.,
EDUCATOR, one of which is reprinted in
this issue entitled "Lincoln") and will
Mr. Cragin — as a teacher, as a man,
when Cragin went there to accept his
inflict them upon the Penmen through the
Business Educator. I want you to kindly
as
finest."
a friend — you were "one of the
first teaching position. read the three enclosed and give me a
cold blooded assay value. Which do you
Dennis died in June, 1925. Not long consider the best ? You handle language,
before this he was in Holyoke visiting to my notion, quite some. I am putting Charles H. Childs, of Newport, R. I.,
Cragin and while there he placed on in what little time I'm able to work in passed away April 19, at the age of
writing this stuff in ornate penmanship 76. For many years Mr. Childs was
one of the blackboards of the school
a beautiful specimen of his ornamental
and trying to get a $ a throw occasionally — prominent in Rhode Island and Massa-
2 bucks for a framing specimen.
penmanship. From time to time, as I want advice on what is considered the chu.setts as a grammar school and
best. I've several opinions and nothing commercial teacher. For sometime he
the work showed signs of wearing definite. Personally I like the Lincoln
away, Mr. Cragin was tempted to —
one still, Lincoln is such a great favorite was principal of Childs Business Col-
erase but he delayed in doing so
it, with me that I may be prejudiced. When lege of Newport, and was associated
you form your opinion it is going to be with his brother in a business college
until news
reached him of Dennis' my pleasure to send you a copy in pro-
death. He then retouched it and fessional writing. in Providence. He was a member of
wrote below it the name, W. E. Dennis, How i*^ the world treating you? Very the E. C. T. A., and of the New Eng-
and the date of his death. It still re- good,I hope. We would like to have you land Business College Association.
come and dine and smoke the pipe of
mains on the wall of the school, but peace with us.
it has been retraced so many times
that it has lost the original graceful
Yours as ever.
L. MADARASZ. LOCKYEAR CATALOG
lines. Nearby is some of Mr. Cragin's A
large attractive, and out of the
own work. To those who "know," One of the last articles written by ordinary, catalog has been received
this ornamental penmanship is more Mr. Cragin, entitled "Three Master from Loekyear's Business College,
than a work of art; between its grace- Craftsmen," appeared in the Decem- Evansville, Ind. It is one of the most
ful lines may be read the story of two ber, 1924, number. It sketches the lives pretentious catalogs we have seen for
old-timers who were friends for nearly of Madarasz, Zaner, and Dennis. This some time.
half a century. article was written shortly before he It is printed on a greenish paper
l.a.'t summer while clearing out returned to the hospital the last time. with two colors of ink, and each page
some files at school I came across two There is a spirit of sadness about it
, is decorated with a delicate border of
letters which were written to Mr. which leads one to believe that Mr. schoolroom and college scenes, and in-
Cragin and which I knew he treasured Cragin knew that before long he would formation regarding the school stands
very much. I am taking the liberty "join the great majority." Perhaps if out very prominent.
of copying them here. One was from I quite the final paragraph you will
It is profusely illustrated with
Zaner, who back in 1907, while editor catch the spirit of the article. schoolroom scenes, business houses,
of this magazine, invited Cragin to "Itwas a great shock to me, when ba.sketball and other athletic teams,
contribute to it. The letter is beauti- somebody in Providence wrote to in- and photographs of the officers and
fully written and is as follows: form me that Dennis was dead, teachers, among whom we see our
after a three days' illness. I ex- good friend H. L. Godfrey, who spent
2-20-'lS. pected him around here on his an- six weeks with us in the Zanerian
My dear Cragin nual summer tramp, but he is only College last summer.
Within find check for the April contri-
bution which arrived at a convenient time a pleasant and cherished memory to
for me to read and send to the printer those friends, who like myself are
before leaving the city to attend the Super- looking towards the sunset. Who K very choice catalog has been re-
intendents' Convention at Atlantic City.
knows, in the great hereafter, hid- ceived from Beacom College, Wilming-
This "Stracoma" story is a gripper. at ton, Del. It is printed on a highly
lease it so appeals to me. and I want to den from mortal vision, if we may
congratulate von upon its merits. You not meet again these 'Three Master coated enamel paper, with large clear
ought to get at least $100.00 for this story.
Craftsmen' of my sketch?" type and plenty of schoolroom illus-
Most appreciatively. trations. The general make-up of the
C. P. ZANER. I regret that I could not have taught
catalog is indicative of refinement and
longer with Mr. Cragin. When I re- thoroughness.
Tlie other letter, from Madarasz, turned from Salem to enjoy a few
shows signs of wear. It was written days' vacation from school I always
in 1910 and I am sure that in the years looked forward to having a chat with Paul W. Dobson, the coming young
following Mr. Cragin removed it from Mr. Cragin and the other teachers at penman, Clarington, Pa., sent us
the file many times and had pleasant school. There seemed to be no end some very nice, well written, calling
memories as he read it. Attached to to his knowledge of commercial edu- cards. We hope to see more of Mr.
the letter are two pages taken from cation and the people engaged in it. Dobson's work from time to time, and
The Business Educator which contain He talked so interestingly of men, we may sometime have the pleasure
specimens from the pen of Madarasz. leaders in this field, who to most com- of reproducing some of it. Mr. Dobson
To quote from the comments below mercial teachers are known only in has the ability to become a real first-
the specimens: "They are the embodi- name. As a young teacher, just set- class professional penman.
Q^
i^^t^£^^i:it.^-n.,<Ci^^t^A^<^^
^^^^r^.^-£'-l^t,-i,'>'1,-<><>^.^'^^!>^---:^^
ii^^^pl>z^e'i^^^i-a.-»^
^^»^?-i<vi2<^^
^4
Zanerian to specialize in
f^^^iid/n^^d^fS^/iua/ir' ^ 2B
Ornamental Penmanship
By H. L. DARNER, Samson Motor Co., Pittsburgh, Pa.
i-i^iyLi>C^
f_^
PREPARING FOR BIG President Willard J. Wheeler at- Mr. Clay D. Slinker, Director of
CONVENTION tended the recent meetings of the Business Education, De.s Moines, Iowa,
Eastern Commercial Teachers' Asso- expects to teach two courses in Com-
National Commercial Teachers' Fed-
ciation in Des Moines. He confidently mercial Education in the Summer
eration Meets in December.
predicts that thei-e will be one thou- School of the University of Michigan
The National Commercial Teacher.s' sand or more to attend the meetings next summer. One course will deal
Federation has a program in cour.se of the Federation. with the principles of Commercial
Mr. Henry J. Holm is local chair- Education. The former will deal with
of preparation which will prove both
man and is well fitted both by ability the kinds of schools dealing with com-
pleasant and profitable to all who at- mercial education, the general con-
and experience to handle a conven-
tend the meetings of the Federation tion of this kind. trolling principles in each field and
which are to be held in Chicago, De- the relation of commercial education
At a meeting of the Executive Com- to the other fields of education. The
cember 28, 29, and 30, mittees, composed of Willard J.
course in Secondary Commercial Edu-
Wheeler, Birmingham, Alabama; C.
There will be addresses by promi- cation will have to do largely with
M. Yoder, Whitewater, Wisconsin; C. curriculum building, courses of study,
nent speakers and the entertainment T. Smith, Kansas City, Missouri, and
etc.
features will be unusually good. In Ivan E. Chapman, Detroit, Michigan,
addition to the public and private held May 1st in Chicago in conjunc- Miss Marion A. Van Buren, this
school departments there are now tion with the local committee thirty year a commercial teacher in the Wal-
round tables of shorthand, bookkeep- men and women were present, and den, N. Y., High School, has accepted
ing, penmanship, and colleges and much enthusiasm for the success of a position for the coming year in the
universities. the meeting was evidenced. High School at Peekskill, N. Y.
^ ^^^f^uJ//i^^^//iu^i/h^
E. E. Jackson, Wilmineton. Licl.. decorated our SiKnulure Page thii nlh. We do not kn conception of ideal
penmen or not.
Below arc the names and addresses of the penmen whose signatures appear on this page.
^ r^J^u^/i^di'(^^<^iu^i/h^ 27
'
—
—
muneration you see he has advanced
—
not salary now remuneration is —
vIjduiillMiMil;, P.'l.L-iiM'ii cnill/niiil'^ru'iiii,
quite handsome.
Yet some of his old buddies are still
hanging around the mines working at
the same old job and saying the same
old words, "Whoa, there, Maud." When
Patrick Joseph drives up the road in nple. practical Scrant on. Pa. Much of
iing today is villdo well to studv and
the patch in his limousine to visit his i
A dcliBhtfui letter from our old friend and former pupil of the Zanerian Colleire. J. D. Mr. T. W. Wauchope of Hamilton,
Carter, contained the above strokes from his skillful pen. The engraving docs not do Ontario, is a new commercial teacher
the original justice, due to the paleness of the ink used and to the delicacy of the lines. in the Drake Business School at Pater-
Mr. Carter is now with Lake View College, one of the Metropolitan Business Colleges
of Chicago. son, N. J.
We quote from his letter:
"I have often viewed with pleas of my former classmates there have
work some Miss Mary E. Lawton of Patchogue,
—
'
done— J. D. Todd— E. W. Stein- Fearon and others. They, as well as my good N. Y., will teach commercial subjects
friend. Mr. C. W. Norder, with it was my pleasure to work over three years, are the coming vear in the Vallev Stream,
stilli busy field of today
They of the Za s are ever showing that our todays and yester- N. Y., High School.
days the
Mr. W. T. Cameron, this year head
of theCommercial Department of the
Woonsocket, R. I., High School, has
AT THE BEDSIDE OF S. E. LESLIE accepted a position for the coming
year with the new Bulkeley High
School at Hartford.
Miss Alfreda Wheeler, who will be
graduated from Bay Path Institute,
Springfield, Mass., in June, has ac-
cepted a position to teach in Mont-
pelier, Vt., Seminary the coming year.
in not being killed outright. The cuts took me a lifetime, and it did. but I i:ot it.
E. Leslie at the General Ho.'ipital at
and bruises on his good right hand 1 tried two hundred different
out over
Bedford, Ohio. have entirely healed up and the only me'hods of practice and ha%e evolved a theory
You no doubt read in the Ma.v num- obstacle to his speedy recovery seem.'; and practice which is scientifically correct
ber that Mr. Leslie's automobile in to be the two bones which are broken accordinK to the teachinK^ of psyholof^y,
which he was riding: was hit by a fast in his right leg. Mr. Leslie seems to phys'oloiry and mechanics. All the myHteries
train near Bedford, Ohio, on Monday, view the accident with so much optim- concernioK the developins: of control are solved
April 12. ism that his visitors almost forget to my entire satisfaction.
It seems that Mr. Leslie waited at that they are not visiitng him in his To prove the truth of the above
the railway crossing near Bedford studio. ill ilc ards
until a lonp; freight train passed by. If you will look Reo, six
at the for 3:ic which will demonstrate toany judire
the efficiency of my method. Your money
The noise and smoke from this freight cylinder, 50 h. p. sedan in the show- back if you are disappointed.
train did not permit him to hear or room of your local dealer and then Later I expect to offer a correspondenc*
-see the passenger train which was ap- view the wreck below, you will agree course. All iiuestions asked will be answereil
proaching at the rate of about 60 with us that "Divine Providence" has throufrh the columns of the B. E.
miles an hour on the other track. The preserved Mr. I>eslie's cheerful smile
train hit Mr. Leslie's machine S(|uare- and his skillful hand for a continuance E. H. TIJLLIS
ly, hurling it nearly 200 feet. of the work of which he is a master. 1611 Blake St. DENVER, COLO.
.^^^iO/n^d^^i&u^i^^^ ^ 29
When E. L. Brown. Rockland. Me., sent us the above beautiful flourish he wrote:
"The penman who aspires to great skill should become proficient in Flourishing, and the engrosser who can add flourished
strokes to German Text and Old English Lettering with the bold offhand movement ^an Dwiduce flourishing which is far
superior to that in which the lines are drawn mechanically. It also means a great s wing of time."
Isn t the above a beauty? Mr. Brown will continue to contribute to the B. E., for the coming year, and we promise you
that his work will be better than ever. Each year finds his work a little more artist c and more interesting.
M^ r^^J^u^'/i^^<^^/!fU^i^
PENMANSHIP IN PARKERSBl RG, W. VA.
Two large packages of .'specimen.': were expressed to
us by Supervisor of Penmanship, R. W. Carr, Parkers-
burg, W. Va.
After carefully examining and re-examining these
specimens we found over 1,200 students, in the gram-
mar grades and junior high schools, who have reached
our certificate standard.
Mr. Carr, teachers, and pupils are to be compli-
mented on their excellent results. We do not recall
liaving recently seen so large a number of specimens
of such a high general average. May the good work
continue.
EDWARD C. MILLS
any penholders on the market; but the MAGNUSSON PROFES- Script Specialists
nly penholder that has won its reputation on its own merit for
'ntal writing. The thin stem which is so desirable cannot be made suc-
p. O. Drawer 982 ROCHESTER. N. T.
eessfully with an tic lathe, then^fore they are HAND MADE of selected rosewood. (Look The finest script for Bookkeeping Illu»-
for the brand). "Magnusson Professional" hand turned holders are adjusted espccia'lj traiions, etc.. copy for which li prepared
for penmanship. 1 plain, each 35c; 8 inch inlaid. 75c; 12 inch plain. 75c; 12 inch for the engraver. Send copy for estimate.
Inlaid, $1.35.
Merrill Business College. Stamford. Conn. D rake Business College. Paterson. N. J., and High
:
GEO. H. MEEK
TEACHERS WE PLAGE YOU
Established 1906
%5sitions"'
Unexcelled Seryjce ^^ ^^^^^^ ,„,y ^gj^^x a^j College Gradgatei
Box 235 MARYVILLE, MO.
BRANCH OFFICES:
K0Ci<rMr-7£ACH£RS
Wanted-Manager or Partner
4IOL1.S.NAT.
AGENCY
BankBldc.Oenveo I'm »
Pgrtland.
N W. Baik lldi.
On. Minneapolis, Miin.
LiaiBir bchaiei
Kinsis City,
llalta Bl<t.
Mi.
A business college with 18 years* good wil CO-OPERATIVE INSTRUCTORS ASS'N, 41 Cole Bldg., MARION, IND.
back of it for less than one year's receipts
A small payment down, balance from receipts
Address BOX 588. Ca
Educator. Coluir
September Calls for High School Commercial
Teachers from 31 States!
We now have on file direct calls for commercial instructors from
superintendents in 31 different states. Other calls are coming in
daily. If you desire a better position for September, try our
service.
iicctiiiatlib*
iulii,hH|
iviiiii^vVily vpii^autot
'"""••"IS
^'^'- '1\«^5'-"'l'iti'Mi ^''-' JpvctiJ upon tlic ii\iii
'^!'\fh'^^
:.:^lv,,UtC5 of llll? iiicctiiu\ iXll^ tllttl nil ciuuv.^scJ i.llMlillilJIi.iUIC
^IIIIIIIUMUmtdlMlllllllllffi
,Jk>u^e't-^
501 Pleasant St. HAMMONTON, New Jersey-
H!J. WAI
. VV TFR /\L. I i:.l\
222Porlai,eA»ena«
WINNEPFG. CAN-
WESTERN CANADA'S MASTER PENMAW
Will send you two pages of the finest com-
bination ornamental signatures, business
capitals, etc., ever produced in Western
Canada _ _..|0.6I
Set of business capitals and a forgery
proof signature of your name .10
3 dozen Visiting Cards 1.01
Samples of Penwork - .31
No Free Specimens
T. H. MILLER
Shading Pen Artist
Specimens from 25c to $5.00. Enclose
35c for challenge specimen. Mail
course circular free.
T. H. MILLER
Main St. CHARLESTON, MO.
Our good friend and f( mer pupil of the Zanerian College. C. Smeltzer. Director of the
Commercial Dept. of thi Modesto, Calif.. High School, sent u photographs of the two pieces
of blackboard work sho n above, executed by D. S. Hill, per anship teacher in the Modesto
High School. AN ORNAMENTAL STYLE. My course In
Ornamental Penmanship has helped hundreds
Mr. Hill is standing at the left side of the bottom photograph.
become PROFESSIONALS. Send for proof.
We consider these flourishes very skillful and congratulate Mr. Hill upon
Your name on cards, (six styles) if you send
We regret that the engraving could not be made clearer so as to sho\
10c. A. P. MEUB, Expert Penman, 2365 Mu
should be shown.
Vista Ave., Pasadena. Cal.
C^yi^^u^'/i^^^'^f/iu^j/h^ ^ ^
c^^y
/ _ — - Zaner6r B/o^er.Co/umt'us.O.^
Written by E. A. Lupftr. Zanerian College, Columbus. Ohic
We believe that W. E. Dennis, who executed thin Bpeeimen many years «KO, had no equal in work of this nature. It is one
of the finest pieces we have ever seen. It is well balanced, carefully arranged and sliillfully executed. It will stand minute
Those who desire to improve their skill or appreciation of flourJKhine or enerossinE can well afford to Aludy thin and other
work by Dennis.
;
^ t^i^^uJ//ieiU'<s^e/iu^a/h^ ^
LEARN ENGROSSING
in your spare time at home.
Thirty Lesson Plates and
Printed Instructions mailed
Summer School for Commercial Teachers
to any address on receipt of Fourteenth Annual Session Three Months in Length
two dollars. Cash or P. O. BF.GINS JUNE FIRST; ENDS AUGUST FOURTEENTH
Money Order.
Full schedule of college rank. Twelve college hours offered. Student may start each year
p. W. COSTELLO to graduation. Graduation means certification in
where he left off last. This leads
Engrosser, Illuminator and
Designer most states.
Scranton Real Estate BIdg. Last five weeks term highly professional.
SCRANTON. PA. During this term student may earn twelve hours and get professional tone, recreation
and pleasure. He may also get a good position if he has none or a better position if he
is dissatisfied with the one he has.
Thirty-one states represented here last summer. Offering the best this year we have
ever given. Accredited by University of Kentucky. Rates reasonable.
Ask for full information including salary list.
COLLEGE OF COMMERCE
of the
BOWLING GREEN BUSINESS UNIVERSITY,
LEARN AT HOME DURING SPARE TIME BOWLING GREEN, KY.
Write for book. "Ho^ to Become a Good Pen Near Mammoth Cave
man," and beautiful specimens. Free. Youj
name on card if you enclose stamp. F. W
TAMBLYN. 406 Ridge BIdg.. Kansas City, M* CARDWRITERS' SUPPLIES
-ARTHUR r.lMYERS
FINE \KT ENUKOStSEK OF INK — (Very Best)— Snow White. 15c per bot-
tle Gloss Black. 20c Gold, 20c Silver. 20c.
BLANK CARDS
;
— ;
Lodge Emblem
;
Tinted
KARAM SHORTHAND Comic ;
Samples, 10c.
Linen and Kid finished White.
;
IN 30 TO 60 DAYS 'JlumorialsI'iplomas.Ccrtificaks.Charfci'J.
BOOK riiiia. noNOR rolls. title pages and CARD CASES— Bookform, 50c per dozen.
Leather-Aluminum 52.85 per doz. Sample 25c.
KARAM SHORTHAND '
Cil4T5-0f-ARMS.FlI8W(T 0DI8NS fOK MtMORlALlMLtn.
F. N. LAWRENCE PORTLAND, INDIANA
is efficient,practical, speedy — the sim- ^Mmdf^'^^t^^ ^f(T/lf/i{/'.^T£f^. Jiinaifi/1»Afl96il.ftAftHT5T
HANDWRITINC SPECIALIST
plest system ever devised.
High grade Diplomas, Certificates made or
CORRESPONDENCE COURSE
Both Shorthand and Typewriting High
Home Study
School. Normal.
—Free Tuition
Business. Law. Civil
filled
for
at reasonable prices. Special offer $1.00
doz. appropriate cards to accompany
3
graduation invitations.
Service. Engineering, Drawing. Domestic
successfully taught by mail. Salesmanship and Collegiate
Science.
Write for full information. thoroughly taught by mail. Typewriting coui
free of tuition.
KARAM CORPORATION Apply. Carnegie CoUege. Rogers, Ohio.
117 West Second Street
OKLAHOMA
'/z
JOURNAL OF COMMERCIAL EDUCATION Alfred Field & Co.. Inc., Sole AgenU
44 N. 4th St. PHILADELPHLA, PA. 93 Chambers St. NEW YORK CITY
: :
PENMANSHIP SUPPLIES
Prices subject to change without notice. Cash should accompany ali orders.
All goods go postpaid except those listed to go by express, you to pay express charges. Of
course, when cheaper, goods listed to go by express will be sent by parcel post, if you pay
charges.
PENS PAPERS
Zanerian Fine Writer Pen No. 1. Zanerian 5 tb Paper (wide and narrow rule):
gr $1.75 M gr $ .50 1 doz $ .20 1 pkg. i)f 240 sheets by express $1.50
Zanerian Ideal Pen No. 2, Zanerian Medial
Zanerian 6 lb Paper (wide and narrow rule):
Pen No. 3, Zanerian Standard Pen No. 4,
1 pkg. of 240 sheets by express $2.00
Zanerian Falcon Pen No. 5, Zanerian Busi-
ness Pen No. 6. Zanerian 7 lb Paper (wide rule)
gr $1.25 % gr $ .40 1 doz $ .15 1 pkg. of 240 sheets by express $2.26
Special prices in quantities. We also handle Zanerian Azure (Blue) Paper:
Gillott's, Hunt's, Spenaerian and Esterbrook's 1 pkg. of 240 sheets by express ..'....$2.00
pens. Write for prices. Zaner Method No. 9 Paper (% in. rule, 8;il0'/i)
Broad Pointed Lettering Pens. 1 pkg. of 500 sheets, not prepaid _ $ .85
Complete set (12 pens) $0.35 100 sheets by mail postpaid 50
doz. single pointed pens 15 Zaner Method No. 15 Paper (% in. rule,
doz. double pointed pens 30 8x10 '/2):
doz. single pointed, any No 25 1 pkg. of 500 sheets, not prepaid $1.60
doz. double pointed, any No 60