Business Educator 31 Zane

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Its Performance
Speaks For Itself
(_J'~/ROM every school, from every business house,
(y from every individual user of the 'New Rerri'
ington Standard 12, the testimony is the same.
All experience proves that in speed, in beauty
of work, in ease of operation, in versatility, in time
saving, in every outstanding quality, it is today's
greatest typewriter value among standard machines.

Leading commercial educators the country over


have testified to its surpassing efficiency as a teaching
machine. In half a century of typewriter history
no other standard machine has so quickly won the
preference of teachers and students as the

NEW REMINGTON
STANDARD 12
Remington Typewriter Company
374 Broadway, New York
Branches Everywhere

REMINGTON
Standard Since the Invention of the Writing Machine
:

^ ^^^^uJ//t^U^i^^i^iu^r'

AN ALL-ROUND BUSINESS TRAINING IN THE


CLASS ROOM FOR BUSINESS SCHOOLS
The School Favorite
America's most popular pen for
school use is Esterbrook Pen
No. 556. Suitable for all school
grades.
Esterbrook pens are fashioned
of steel as fine as that in the
mainspring of a watch, and made
by the oldest manufacturer of
steel pens in America.
Upon reieipKifli cents, ue will nmihou
the worij'i 12 Wf'i; popular pens, ana a
r^ booklet ot 1 («) famous signatures
Address Department B. K
Esterbrook Pen Mfg. Co.
^^^ Camden, N.J.
^^^^H( Broxvn Bros., Ltd.
^H^r^ Toionto
This system transfers lo the class room actual business
ditions. The student fills positions as

BUYER
SALES MANAGER
AND
GENERAL MANAGER
This gives the student coi
business training.
Our Systems
plishes results.
fit into you

Send for our Price List


The technique accom-
nination Copies of our
Always a FRESH
Bookkeeping Systems.

ELLISPUBLISHINGCOMPANY
Educational Publishers.
Battle Creek MKHIGAN

New Edition ^' '""


Metropolitan By U. G. Potter
Metropolitan ^7
Business McKinley High School
System of ^ a^-^-*^-
Chicago

Speller Bookkeeping
Over 6000 \v. ds. New lessons containingwords pertaining You Will Like It. The text emphasizes the thought side of
to Aeroi)Ianes, adio. Automobiles, etc. Complete Index, 244 the subject. It stimulates and encourages the reasoning pow-
pages, attracti' binding. 50 cents. er of the pupil. Pupils acQuire a knowledge of the subject as
well as facility in the making of entries. It is a thoroughly
A Superior Speller seasoned, therefore accurate, text supported by complete
Teachers' Reference Books, and Teachers' Manual.
Twofold Design. In the preparation of the Metropolitan
Business Speller we had constantly in mind two objects Parts I and II text is an elementary course suitable for
first, to teach the pupil to spell, and second to enlarge his any school in which the subject is taught. Two semesters
vocabulary, especially of words in general use. are required in High Schools and a correspondingly shorter
Classification of Words. As an aid to the memory we have time in more intensified courses.
classifiedwords, as regards sounds, syllabication, accents and
meaning. We have grouped the words relating to each par- Parts III and IV text is suitable for an advanced course
ticular kind of business into lessons, by which the student is following any modern elementary text. We make the state-
enabled to familiarize himself with the vocabulai-y of that ment witho\it hesitation, that this is the most teachable,
business. We have interspersed miscellaneous exercises in most up-to-date, and strongest text published for advanced
the nature of reviews. We
have grouped words that can best bookkeeping and elementary accounting use.
be learned by comparisons, such as Stationery and StationaiT.
Coi-poration-Mig. -Voucher unit is hound in heavy paper
Abbreviations of states, months, railways and commercial covers and contains all of Part IV. It is a complete course
terms are given in regular lesson form, and grouped alpha- in Corporation accounting including instructions, set of
betically. We regard abbreviating of almost equal impor- transactions, exercises, problems, etc. It is without doubt
tance with spelling. the best text for this part of your accounting course. List
Syllabication and pronunciation are shown by the proper prices. Text, 120 pages. 40 cents. Supplies, including Blank
division of words, and the use of the diacritical marks. The Books and Papers, 95 cents.
words are printed in bold type, and the definitions in lighter
face, so as to bring out the appearance of the word.— an aid
in sight spelling. EXAMINATION COPIES will be submitted upon request.

METROPOLITAN TEXT BOOK COMPANY CHICAGO


4^ ^^iJ^u^/n^^/^id^iu^a/h^

NEW YORK UNIVERSITY


SCHOOL OF EDUCATION
Registration Period, September 16-21, School Year 1925-1926

A New Program of Training for Commercial Teachers


in Public, Business, and Private Schools

PREPARES TEACHERS OF ESPECIALLY VALUABLE TO


Bookkeeping, Accounting and Heads of Commercial Depart-
Related Subjects. ments,
Principals of Commercial
Shorthand, Typewriting and
Schools,
Related Subjects.
City Directors of Commercial
Secretarial Practice, Retailing. Education.
Credits may be earned in whole or in part leading to the degree of Bachelor
of Science in Education with further opportunity for graduate work toward
advanced degrees.

Commercial Subjects Offered During Fall Term of 1925


Commercial Education in Secondary Bookkeeping and Business Practice,
Schools Methods of Teaching
—PAUL S. LOMAX. —WILLIAM C. WALLACE,
Improvement of Instruction in Com- Advanced Bookkeeping, Accounting,
mercial Subjects Business Law, Economics, Methods
—PAUL S. LOMAX. of Teaching
Stenography, Greg-g, Methods of —WILLIAM C. WALLACE
Teaching Business Arithmetic, Methods of
—PAUL S. LOMAX. Teaching
Secretarial Practice for Teachers —P. M. HEIGES.
—EDWARD J. McNAMARA.
Commercial and Economic Geog-
Stenography, Pitman, Methods of raphy, Methods of Teaching
Teaching —P. M. HEIGES.
—JOHN V. WALSH.
Business English and Salesmanship,
Typewriting, Methods of Teaching Methods of Teaching
—JOHN V. WALSH. — CELIA DREW.

Write for Special Announcement of Commercial Teacher Training Program and

Complete School of Education Bulletin

Address

i' DR. JOHN W. WITHERS, Dean of the School of Education

New York University


32 Waverly Place, New York City
^ f^^^uJ//i^S^(^ii/iu^i^ ^

New and Distinctive Books


for

Fall Glasses
The Psychology of Skill. By Dr. W. F. Book, Applied Business English and Correspond-
Professor of Psychology, Indiana ence. By Hagar and SoRelle. A compre-
University $2.00
hensive course in Business English, Punc-
tuation, and Correspondence, by two prac-
tical business men with a background
Learning to Typewrite. By Dr. W. F. Book.
Discusses the psychology of skill and the based on many years of successful teach-
laws that govern its acquisition in every —
ing experience. Text $1.00 Exercise book $ .40
field, and presents the results of a de-
tailed, scientific analysis of the processes
involved in the learning of typewriting $2.80
Lesson Plans in Gregg Shorthand. By Lula
M. Westenhaver, Indiana University. Con-
Making the Business Speech Effective. By tains detailed lesson plans for every lesson
Harry Collins Spillman. A manual of prac- in the Gregg Shorthand Manual, and each
tical "suggestions for speech making, with sub-division in the Manual. Discusses
outlines and analyses of speech materials. .$3.00 both subject matter and method $1.25 Net

Letters From Famous People. By Sharpless Problems and Questions in Commercial Law.
D. Green. Letters from famous men and
women, written as messages to the com- By Anion Wallace Welch, M. A., LL. B.
mercial students in the Trenton, New Jer- A laboratory pad containing 268 practical,
sey, High School. A unique collection of human-interest problems and questions
inspirational material for reading and dic-
covering the following subjects: Contracts,
tation purposes $1.20
Sales, Negotiable Instruments, Agency,
Pai-tnership, Insurance, Innkeepers, Com-
Basic Accounting. By George E. Bennett, mon Carriers, and Fixtures. The pad is
C. P. ASyracuse University. A first-year
, intended to supplement the text, regardless
accounting text by a man of wide experi- of the kind of text used $ -80
ence in both classroom and the field of
business $5.00
Some Observations on Secondary Commercial
Education... By Anion Wallace Welch. De-
Figure Construction. By Alon Benient, Di- fines the objectives and aims in commer-
rector, Art Institute, Baltimore, Maryland. cial education. Designed to give perspec-
A textbook designed to meet the needs of tive to the entire field of secondary com-
high school and college students who can- mercial education, and to develop point of
not reach life classes $2.50 view $1.00 Net

Discount to Teachers Except on Books Marked "Net".

The Gregg Publishing Company


New York Chicago Boston San Francisco London

^ ^^^t^uJ/n^U'i^i/iua/h^

PITMAN BOOKS
JUST OUT

The Language of Advertising


By JOHN B. OPDYCKE
.\uthor of "Business Letter Practice"
512 pp., 153 illu.s.. cloth, gilt, $3.50 postpaid.
This new work constitutes a comprehensive treatment of
both the science and the art of advertising in its present-
day majiifestations. It is calculated for use in the publicity
office, and in the copy-writing lab-
in the college classroom,
oratory. never too technical, however, to be of absorb-
It is

ing interest to the general reader. It may be read for en-


BLISS-ALGER tertainment and inspiration quite as much as for infonna-
tion and instruction. It differs from other advertising books

Bookkeeping and Accounting tm the market chiefly in that it establishes close-up and
practicable relationships between advertising and literature,
A strictly istoff the j>ress, combining Book- a thesis that no other book on the subject has attempted.
keeping. Buj and Banking. Makes individual Numerous challenging exercises, a detailed index, a read-
instruction a eedingly interesting to the student. able style, a profusion of well-appointed illustrations, and
— An introduction by Mr. Percy S. Straus. Vice-President of
Three Systems R. H. Macy and Company. Inc., one of the largest and best-
known mercantile establishments in America, all go to make
ACTUAL BUSINESS (with offices) this new publication unique and distinguished in its volumin-
FOLDER (like above, without offices) ous field.
CORRESPONDENCE
For High Schools, or any instituti(
Business Schools Writing and Illuminating and
teaching Bookkeeping. Text and outfit sent to teachers f Lettering
examination. Mention school connection.
By Eiiward Johnston

BLISS PUBLISHING CO. 500 pages. 227 illustrations and diagrams by the Author
and Noel" Rooke. 8 pages of examples in red and black.
SAGINAW, MICH. 1^1pages of coUotpye reproductions. $2.50. Twelfth Edition.
" « » » This book belongs to that extremely rare class
in which every line bears the impress of complete mastery
of the subject. We congratulate Mr. Johnston on having
pioduced a work at once original and complete." The
Alh,,iainm.

Special Price on School Supplies JUST OUT


Good only until Oct. 1st. 1925, in order to gain new cus-
Plain and Ornamental Lettering
tomers we will send postpaid any of the following articles
upon receipt of price, postpaid, money will be refunded upon
By EnwiN G. Fooks
return of goods if you are not satisfied, postage refunded.
"I'ixeiA in. 86 pages with 40 full-page plates. $1.00.
Spenceri Pens Victoria Pen Points
College. Baronial. .\ Practical Guide to Ticket and Show Card
Commercial. Gross. $1.25. Writing-, Sign Writing and other forms of Decora-
Counting Hi Gillott's Mapping 65c a doz.
Ladies' extr Crow Quillon Cards, extra tive Lettering.
School fine, one doz. 55c.
Engrossing All other numbers. Underlying the whole book is the aim of making it essen-
numt tially practical, and every plate has been chosen deliberately
Compendium or any Gross, $1.00.
of Spenceri: Pens. Palmer Method Pens with this end in view hence the inclusion of plates illustrat-
;

ing materials commonly required, and of further plates sug-


1

?1.0.5. No. 2 for Ornamental Pen-


manship, Gross $1.20; No. L'csting simple types of ornament appropriate for use with
Esterbrook Steel Pens 5.
nber 90c per gr Gross $1.00. ihe various forms of alphabet.
All other numbers.
65c a gross.
500 sheets of 20 lb paper. Economic Geography
Gillotts Pens 8'Axl4, smooth surface, for
Principality Pen No. 1. pen and ink. $1.25. By John McFaruine, M. A.
SI. 25 a gross. 500 sheets of Ha
No. 170 ladies' fine point bond, S'/jxU, SI. 15
Second Edition, Revised and Enlarged. 640 pages, with
numerous maps and illustrations, cloth, $3.00.
PRINTED STATIONERY
This standard text was. in its first edition, recognizee!
1,000 Hammermill bond letter heads $3.00: 5110 for $1.75. to be one of the most complete works on geographical
100 high grade visiting cards $1.00. science vet produced. The author has made a substantial
revision of the book, bringing the facts and figures right up
— SPECIAL — to the present date, and introducing a quantity of new sub-
Adopted by 'Vcjc >o7/,-
ject matter and several new maps.
Your name and address, business card printed on 125 f/wi Mm. Vt siUl of Chicapo, Unircrsitti of Califo
sheets heavy bond paper and envelopes to match for $1.00. Ohio Un :itu, Vni lily of Santa Clara, Californii
All makes of standard or advertised Fountain Pens at a
discount of 35% from regular retail price list, and will fill
your order on this basis until Oct. 1st. charges paid, and
money refunded if you are not satisfied.
ADDRESS Isaac Pitman & Sons
TAYLOR PRTG. & PUBLISHING CO.,
2 We.st 4.')th Street NEW YORK
JOPLIN, MO.
THE BUSINESS EDUCATOR
COLUMBUS, OHIO, SEPTEMBER, 1925

XOI.UME 31 NUMBER 1

David H. Snoke of Indianapolis, In-


diana, who was well known some CHILLICOTHE BUSINESS
years ago as a teacher of penman-
COLLEGE
ship recently ordered some writing
Work was begun on May 2 to re-

supplies from us, as well as some


model the buildings that were left
copies of the BUSINESS EDUCA- from the recent fire, which practically
TOR. Part of his letter reads as fol- destroyed the Chillicothe, Mo., Busi-
ness College. To the gymnasium they
lows:
are adding a second floor at an ap-
"While I am a youth who has
proximate cost of $20,000, which will
passed his 74th annual milestone, I
make the entire cost of the building
have not lost my interest in legible
$70,000. This will give the Chillicothe
writing and good tools to do it with.
Business College a very fine, new fire-
My hand is steady and I don't wear proof structure, one of the best in the
glasses."
profession. We want to congratulate
There is nothing in Mr. Snoke's the Moore brothers in being able to
writing that is indicative of age. In
"pull through" this crisis.
fact, one would suppose that this let-
ter to us was written by some young
penmanship enthusiast. The fact that Ability is of little account without
he finds it unnecessary to wear S. C. WILLIAMS —
opportunity. Napoleon I.
glasses is something unusual for one Mr. Williams has devoted the
of his age. greater portion of his life to the cause I never yet heard man or woman
It is our opinion that good pen-
of commercial education and but re- much abused, that I was not inclined
cently his work in the
reliniiuished to think the better of them, and to
manship is being retained to a greater
age by persons generally as the years Rochester Business Institute. He is transfer any suspicion or dislike to
now located at 348 Proctor Avenue, the person who appeared to take de-
go by, probably due to more hygienic
Ogdensburg, N. Y. light in pointing out the defects of a
living.
It would be we
could get to-
fine if
While the members of the com- fellow-creature. — Jane Porter.
mercial teaching fraternity will regret
gether all persons past 70 who are to have to give up his sei-vices in the Mr. R. who, for twenty-five
S. Collins
interested in penmanship as Mr. field in which he has labored so long years has been teaching penmanship
Snoke is interested in it. There are and accomplished so much, we know in the Pierce School of Business Ad-
quite a few of them in the country. all will wish him a well earned rest ministration, Philadelphia, Pa., and
Such a meeting would be mighty in- As a trainer of commercial teachers for the past three years has been
teresting and the exchange of ideas probably no one has ever done more. touring the world and who has visited
would no doubt prove profitable for Recentlv Mr. Williams subscribed practically all the penmen of the
the younger members of the profes- for THE BUSINESS EDUCATOR for United States, has arrived at tlte of-
sion. two years and wrote as follows: fice of THE BUSINESS EDUCATOR.
We trust that we may hear from "My 3-acre lot on the banks of the Few penmen display as much interest
Mr. Snoke for many years to come. St. Lawrence, within the city limits in the collection of specimens and in
of Ogdensburg, gives me plenty of fine penmanship generally than does
All higher motives, ideals, concep- very interesting work, building, super- Mr. Collins. Many penmen become
tions, sentiments in a man are of no vising and working grounds, planting, interested in penmanship for a short
account if they do not come forward etc., but I do not forget my friends period then their enthusiasm lags, but
to strengthen him for the better dis- of so many years of delightful and, Mr. Collins' enthusiasm seems to grow
charge of the duties which devolve to me, profitable associatipn. Your year by year. It is needless to say
upon him in the ordinary affairs of excellent magazine will assist me in that he has a very fine collection of
life. —
Henry Ward Beecher. keeping in touch with them." specimens of penmanship.

THE BUSINESS EDUCATOR SUBSCRIPTION PRICE, §1.25


(To Canada. Kic more; foreign. 20c more)
A YEAR The Business Educator is the best medium
through which to reach business college pro-
Published monthly (except July and August) Single copy, 15c.
By THE ZANER-BLOSER CO.. Change prietors and managers, commercial teachers
of address should be requested
612 N. Park St.. Columbus. O. promptly in advance, if possible,, giving the old and students, and lovers of penmanship. Copy
E. W. B LOSER Editor as well as the new address. must reach our office by the 10th of the month
E. A. LUPFER . - - . Managing Editor Advertising rates furnished upon request. for the issue of the following month.
^ ^^J^u^/neU^iSe/iu^i^ ^

Lessons in Business Penmanship


By J. J. BAILEY, H gh School of C Toronto. Ont., Canada

LESSON ONE POSITION fingers. The movement comes from


the shoulder. Avoid lateral wrist and
TO THE STUDENT Position is very important. Without finger movements.
correct position you cannot expect to
You can master a good handwrit- get good results. Keep the feet flat The wrist should be pointed towards
ing, and you will find it to your ad- on the floor, sit up, shoulders back. the ceiling. It does not necessarily
vantage not only in your school work Don't slouch. Sit well back in the have to be flat, but it should not be
but later in life to be able to write chair, leaning forward from the hips. turned to the right so that the side of
well. All that is necessary is for you Keep the back straight. The body the hand touches the paper.
to follow these lessons faithfully. should not touch the edge of the desk. The paper should be placed directly
Your teacher will help you but unless Place the elbows evenly on the desk, in front of the body. Suppose you
you help yourself by doing a lot of extending about ^'2. inch off the edge draw an imaginary line from the
practice and study her efforts will be of the desk. lower left-hand corner of your de.sk to
lost. Be systematic and neat in your the upper right-hand corner. The
practice. Always have some definite The finger should curve grace-
first
lines on the paper should be parallel
aiin in mind There is always some fully and rest directly back of the eye
of the pen and one-fourth inch from
to this line. In this position the down
part which you can try to improve. strokes are made towards the center
It is the little things which count. where the pen goes into the holder.
of the body.
The second finger should curve slight-
TO THE TEACHER ly and should rest underneath the
NEATNESS
penholder.
The you secure deter-
results which
Fromthe first cultivate the habit of
nune so be sure that
your success, The thumb should rest aganist the neatness. You cannot be a good pen-
your students get properly started in left side of the holder. The end of man without being neat and careful.
position and movement and that they the thumb should be pulled back until Poor lines and often poor letters are
do not get discouraged. No course it is about opposite the first joint of caused by carelessness. Study ar-
can produce results unless the instnic- the first finger. rangement and the appearance of the
tions are carried out. You can aid page.
wonderfully by keeping your students The third and fourth fingers should
going in the right direction. be doubled back in a natural position
Why not do a little practice on the and glide on the nails. Some glide
MOVEMENT
copies yourself ? By preparing the on the flesh but one should not turn The function of the fingers is main-
lessons before you go to class you can the hand over too far. The knuckles ly to hold the pen. The large muscle
get so much better results. By ac- should point toward the ceiling. The of the arm propel or furnish the
cepting no papers in other classes holder should point towards the right power. In arm movement writing the
which are not carefully written it will shoulder and up at an angle of about muscles which push the hand out and
aid greatly in getting better applied forty-five degrees. The arm should draw it back are large and about
work. roll on the mu.scle below the elbow. equal in strength and endurance, while

MATERIAL Let us roll the arm around on the in fingermovement the muscles which
Use good supplies, but not neces- muscle for a few minutes, not letting close thehand are much stronger than
sarily the most expensive. the hand touch the paper. You can those which open the hand, so that
Penholders... Use a medium size feel the muscles as you swing around
wood or corked tipped holder. Avoid freely. Lower the hand now and glide one gets tired much quicker than tlie
metal or heavy holders. on the nails of the third and fourth other. This is the main reason why
Pens. Use a medium pen, one which finger movement is much more tiring
is not too flexible. Avoid stub pens. than arm movement writing. While
Change your pen frequently or as
the main control of the pen comes
soon as it becomes scratchy or coarse
Paper. A smooth, hard surface is from the mind, the two re.sts (the
best. While your paper does not need third and fourth fingers and muscle
to be the highest in price it should be and skin below the elbow) aid greatly.
good. Use % inch ruled paper. The extent of your scope of movement
Ink. Use a free flowing thin ink, will be determined by the elasticity of
preferably black. Keep it covered the skin covering the muscles on the
when not in use, and add water if it arm below the elbow and the cloth-
gets too thick. (Write Tlie Business ing. Tlie skin and not the muscle is
Educator for a penmanship .supply the principal restriction or control of
catalog.) the forearm rest.
^ f^^f3^uJ//ieU/^ii^iu^i^r^ ^

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The first exercise is the direct compact oval two spaces high. Let the arm roll freely and do not allow the
joints of the first finger and thumb to move. The fingers are only to hold the pen in this exerci.se. Sw^ing around
lightly in the direction of the arrow. The teacher should count 1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-20 and so on
by lO's to 100, then repeat. Do not pause after 10-20, etc., but go on regularly at about three counts per second
or about 200 to the minute. Each student should try to make one revolution to the count. The count may be varied
by repeating the words "one," "round," "down," etc. Study your counting and get life and rhythm into it. Cun^e
both sides evenly and do not grip the pen or bear down on the down strokes.

In this exercise the whole arm slides, except the skin on the arm below the elbow, in and out of the sleeve.
Your sleeve should not be tight. Pull the down strokes directly towards the body to the count of 1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-
10-1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-20, etc. See how light and even you can make it.

Here we have a combination of the first two exercises, one space high. Use the same speed and count. Do
not go too fast on this exercise.

Here we have a variety of exercises which are fine for developing movement and control. On the first exercise
retrace the large oval six times and without resting the pen swing to the small oval and retrace six times to the
count of 1-2-3-4-5-6-1-2-3-4-5-6. In the second exercise retrace about six times and finish like capital 0. Count
1-2-3-4-5-6, finish. Be sure that you have both sides evenly cun^ed in the tracer. Finish with an upward move-
ment to the count of 1-2-1-2-1-2-1-2, etc. In the fourth exercise retrace the small oval forming the loop of C six
times and without stopping swing to the larger oval retraving it six times. Count 1-2-3-4-5-6-1-2-3-4-5-6, etc. In
the two space C tracer watch the movement. It should be as free as in the other exercises. No finger motion
should be used in forming the ovals. Count 1-2-1-2-1-2-1-2, etc. In the small one space O and C exercise use the
same count as for the large exercise. Practice each one separately, striving for a nice graceful free motion, and at
the same time good form. The and C are made from the direct oval. The should be closed at the top and
consists of a slanting oval, with a loop finished upward. For the O count 1-2. For the group of O's you can
count 1-2, 3-4, 5-6, 7-8, with a slight pause between the letters. The C contains a loop with a large oval around
it. Curce the beginning loop.
10 ^ ^^^^u^'/i^i^(a^(/iu:ia^^

G G (^ G
am
ms0^ ^^eeiSj2.^.^j:fjfZ£^
Practice each exercise in the top line of two space exercises. For the A tracer count 1-2, 1-2, etc., and for
the E tracer count, dot-l-2-3-dot-l-2-3. Close the A at the top and finish below the base line with a right cui-ve.
Get the A the same size as the O and C. The oval in the A slants more than the but the letter as a whole
should be on the same slant as the O. Start the letter E with a dot. Get the little loop in the center open and
slanting slightly downward. The finishing loop should be full and graceful. Count, dot-1-2-3, etc.
The connected letter exercise is fine to get control and movement. Work on each one separately. Study shape
of the letters and get each group the same in general proportion.

& XyUyUA.OUyU^

The first four exerci.ses should be made slightly smaller than one space. Swing around the oval six times, then
trace the straight line six times. Trace the underturn exercisees about four times to the count of 1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-
9-10. Be sure to get angles at the top and turns at the bottom. Curve the upward stroke slightly. In the i and u
exercises get more space between letters than in letters. Count two for each u. Work on each exercise leading- up
to the w. The important points in the w are to get angles at the top and turns at the bottom. The little dot
finish should be given special atention. It is a small dot or retrace. Be careful not to make the w too wide. Make
the space between w's a little wider than in w's. Count 1-2-3-1-2-3, etc. Check the motion at the retrace part of
the w. Tlie e should be swung around freely. Count two for individual letter. Try to keep the down strokes
straight and upward strokes curved. If you would have a legible e get plenty of daylight in it.

..--Z^^^iZ..-r:i^
G^cr
By this time you should be able to make the developing exercises with considerable freedom and skill. In
making the a be sure that you close it at the top. It is necessary to check the motion on the retrace. The finish
of the a should come down to the base line before swinging up to the headline. The oval in the a should be
slanted more than in the small letter o. Close the o at the top, and keep the oval rounding. The important part of
the is to finish it similar to the w. No two other letters cause so much illegibility as the small letters a and o.
It is absolutely necesary to make a distinction between the finish of the o and a. For legibility, therefore, keep
the finishing stroke of a down at the base line and the finishing stroke of a up at the headline.

<l^-l^<''7<>-t.^d.y.^/--r7--^,.^^
f^J^uJ/zt^M^i^ii^iua^r' ^

Ideal Business Writing


By E. C. MILLS, Rochester, N. Y.

PLATE 16

In this plate we have See that the down stroke in D is a nice com-
a continuation of the capital stem letters.
pound curve. The small loop should be made parallel to base line.
In Copy 173 the hook form of finishing the letter should be used. Use a rapid arm movement for this and check
the motion suddenly when the hook part is reached. In Copy 174 the word should be written without lifting the pen.
Begin J with the reversed oval, made narrow, as an exercise, and endeavor to make down-stroke in J as straight as
possible.

PLATE 17

The stroke in H and K is the most difficult of any used in these letters. Tlie first line should be a very
fii-st

decided curve, in order that the letter may not slant too much. The first part of these two letters is made a trifle
shorter than last part. The finishing part of K is composed of short compound cun-es, together with a small loop,
which comes about one-half height of letter.

Careful study should always precede practice on any letter. Now see if you have a perfect image of these let-

ters in your mind's eye before beginning practice.

PLATE 18

The down strokes in loops below the line should be made practically straight, and these loops should be made
with rather a quick motion. See what an easy arm movement you can use in making these letters. Faithful and
persistent practice always wins.

We can still furnish back numbers containing all of Mr Mills' lessons. It will pay you to get this complete
course now.

PLATE 16
12 i^ ^^J3^u4/n^U^ia'd[u:a/fr^
PLATE 17

^c^^^;^^^

PLATE 18

"^^ ^^^' ^-^,-'-^>- ^^^--^-- ,-'-^-^— ^^^--^:— ^"^^"'^^ ""^^^'^^—"^

'

-r- -T' y- 77^ 77^ T'T^ ^^ ^^"^

'"
f fA^ fA^ f
4Z '^ f
'^ '^
^
^ '^ 1^
'
^ '^
^
^^ '4^ '^ ^jy^^^A^^^A^
"/ 77777777777777777777
^ ^^^f^uJ//t^J^^dfu:a/h- ^ 13

From the book, C. C. Canan collection of Penmanship.

Written by Helen Wire, pupil in John Adams Junior High School, Los Angeles, Calif..
Mrs.
I Lucy P. Mitchell, teacher. Many fine specimens have been received from this school.

V_-€::;e-<^^«^.^ G3

js- zs

G7.
^
/y^S-^y
Business writing by E. A. Lupfer, Zanerian College, Columbus, O.
14 ^ .^J^uJ/^i^U^£e^^iu^i/^ ^

Teachers and Students are urged to assist in collecting material for this page
Students who are subscribers to the B. E. may secure free criticism when working on the lesson in the B. E. Send return postage.

September Contest. Write in black ink (not blue) a four line poem and send to Contest Department of the BUSINESS EDUCATOR.
Special Notice. Those beginning Mr. Bailey's course should write a specimen in black ink containing an alphabet, capitals and small
letters,and the following sentences: This is a specimen of my best business writing this day of September, 192.5. Mail to the
Contest Department or hand to your teacher to mail to us. Further details of this improvement contest will be announced later.
Watch for students' specimens in the October B. E.

The teachers in the Binghamton, N. Y., schools secure excellent written work in all subjects as is shown by the above specimen written
by Franklin Keyes in a high school civics class. Miss Elizabeth Landon is directing the handwriting. Let us see what your pupils are
doing.

,^'<i-2^-<::2_<;>^^ 7

lJ/^^^^Le^^'7^ ,:)-^^^^^,-^--2.^.d^ ^,^<^t:i^--z^ 'Qj^^c^c^-T.^.c^ z:^-<«::-t2—


^^^ .

Miss Sampson th grade pupil in the Catholic Institute, Jersey City, N. J.


:

d^i^^Uii//i^M/^i(/iU¥i/^ ^ 15

Peter's parrot plagues peaceful pussy.


Penmanship pupils practice patiently.
Persistent punsters prove pretty painful.
Alliterative Alphabetic Sentences Poor Peggy picks pretty poppies.
Peter Pan played pranks perpetually.
Pauline's poetic pappa planted pretty pansies.
for Penmanship Practice
Prepared by Queer Quincy quivered quite quietly.
Students of Penmanship at Monrovia (California) High School, Querulous queens quickly quarrel.
R. F. Eberhart, Instructor.
Ruffians roamed rough, rugged roads.
Rough riders rode rapidly.
Remembering Ralph, Rena refused Robert.
"Penmanship teachers often feel the need of fly fr.fairyland frequently. Rose's Rolls-Royce rides rather roughly.
sentences having certain recurring letters, in Father found new flying fish flying fast.
order to perfect the execution of these letters. Fault-finding fogies found fifty funny fossils.
For reason." writes Mr. Eberhart, "my
this Fearless Frederick fought for freedom. Sad Samson slew seventy stalwart soldiers
students and I got to work and made up sen- Funny fat Francis fed freckled Fanny fine suddenly.
tences of our own." French food. Sally Simpson sucked sugared sassafras
silently.
The resourcefulness of these pupils in this
matter is commendable indeed. Many of the G?rtrude Gray generally gets good grades. Sam's skates slipped, slinging Susie's sister
problems of life retjuire the application of sidewise.
Gentle Geraldine got gray gingham goods.
similar resourcefulness. George got grandpa's "goat". Steadfast sailors sail stoi-my southern seas.
The sentences will not only assist in mas- Grace goes gathering gooseberries. Speedy stenographers should study syste-
tering penmanship but they will cause many a matically.
smile by thos3 who use them. Witness Hateful Henry hid Harold's handkerchief.
"Keith's kangaroo kicked Katherine's kitten." Herman helped Helen Hampton hem hem- Teacher told Tommy to tend to toilsome tasks.
All alert Americans are active and aggressive. stitched handkerchiefs. Teddy tickled Timmy's toes.
Animated animadversions antedated Aristotle High hills have huge hollows. The tennis team thoughtfully thanked Thomp-
An abused animal always acts afraid. Homely Helen helps her handsome husband
Aphrodite annually asked Apollo's apology. Horace. The thoughtful tot took ten tulips to the
Augustus always admired and applauded ath- teacher.
letes and acrobats. Ignorant illiterates insisted in idling. Timothy's train traveled through Texas.
Indolent Ivan investigated in Iceland.
"Brick" Brown bought blueberries and black- I imagine Irene is ill in Ireland. Uncle Ulysses used unsatisfactory utensils.
berries. Idle Ida isn't improving in ironing. Uriah used uncle's useful utility umbrella.
Bill banged Bob because Bob bruised Bill. Ugly Ulrica usually used unguents.
Bad babies bother big brothers.
Bruce bore beautiful Betty's bundles.
Big black bears bite bad boys. Vain Vera vamped Vernon vigorously.
Victoria varnished Victor's Victrola.
Co-ordinate conjunctions certainly can cause Verne visits vexed Vivian.
care.
Carl's crow caws constantly. Lovelorn Louise left long love letters. William Wilson writes wordy witticisms.
Catherine's cat catches catfish cautiously. Lois loved Laura's lover Louis. Washington White's wife washes windows.
Chester's cart can certainly coast. Laughing ladies live long. Winnie Winkle wears warm wraps.
Careful Carrie carried cherries carefully. Inez likes luscious lemons. Why won't Weary Willie work willingly?
Wise woodpeckers willingly work while wren3
Dorothy Dalton daily dr dolls daintily. My mother made Mary many middies. wander.
David Dingo digs ditches daily. Miss Minnie Miller makes meal muffins. Willard Watson walked wearily westward.
Doris dodges Daniel's Dodge. Much money makes many men millionaires.
Daniel Deronda detested dried dates. Xantippe xylographed Xenophon's xylophone.
Daring diver Donald dived down deep. Noisy Ned nibbled nutritious nuts.
Naughty Nan neglected Ned's new niece.
Earnest Everett ever enters evening entertain- Nora needs nourishment near noon.
ments.
Enthusiastic Edwin excuses every excusable Omar often orders our oversized oriental
olives. Zachariah Zuffenbach zoned Zululand :

Emily eats eggs every evening. O'Connel's office offers opportunities. Zeno Zaro zeroed Zephaniah Zwingli.

The top specimen was written by Florence W. Leppig, 5-A pupil Washington School, Bakersfield, Calif. The lower speci-
1 was written by Lottie Kuhs, $-A pupil in the same school. Mif Neva Fessenden, supervisor.
2

16 ^ ^^J^u4^tei^^/!fu^ia^ ^
ANSWERS
About 2000 B. C.
Penmanship Theory for Young Penmen Thick
Black. blue, red, violet.
Covering Several Phases of the Theory of Penmanship Which Brush or reed.
nown and Understood by All Students of Penmanship. China.
By WILLIAM L. CRANDALL, (B) INK TEST SET 2.
Assistant Headmaster and Director of Penmanship at
Saint James School, Faribault, Minnesota. What country made Chinese ink famous?
What famous Englishman was one of the
firstto study ink ?
The purpose of these questions is, briefly as possible. About five ques- what great French ink maker lived about
1800 A. D.?
as the suggests, to acquaint the
title tions are as much as time will permit What three things did the Englishman say
young student of penmanship with and as they will be able to grasp and that ink should contain ?
some of the materials which he uses retain at one time. After all the ques- Why did scientists begin to study ink ?
in learning to write and which he tions have been answered I have the ANSWERS
India.
seems to take too much as a matter papers collected and then I answer the William Lewis.
of course. Very few people outside of questions as I wanted them answered. Ribaucourt.
the profession know anything about Some may object to this saying that Logwood, iron, gall.
Fading out of ink.
the history or composition of ink, pa- I should have the students answer (C) INK TEST SET 3
per, pens, or fountain pens; and most them. Possibly they are right, but I What are nut galls?
students have a hard time, unless they find that their answers on unfamiliar Where may gallic acid be found?

are especially drilled on the subject,


What is logwood ?
material are apt to be confusing and What isfugitive ink ?
to analyze a letter or show its de- to be rather misleading to the class. What are reagents ?
velopment. It would seem that all Then the teacher can create a style ANSWERS
serious students of a subject should of brief answers that may be de- Small swellings formed on twigs of trees
know something of its theoi'y, and to veloped in the succeeding papers. The from an insect sting or an injury.
In nut galls and the bark of many trees.
suggest a possible means of teaching class waits for my answers as the so- A tropical dye-wood.
this I submit the following question.-j. lution to a puzzle. Some questions Ink that fades out in a short time.
Possibly some ascomment
to may be answered by the students but A chemical used to bring out faded lines.
methods of teaching this part of the (D) INK TEST SET 4.
not many. Do not count these an- What color is indigo ink?
work might be in order here. Of swers as part of the daily grade ex- What color is carmine ink ?
course most teachers have to teach a cept in rare cases where spurs are What color is carbon ink ?
thing their own way to get the best
What are secret inks?
necessary. About ten of the most What color is best for professional work ?
results, but I will describe my way of representative questions taken up ANSWERS
presenting this work particularly for during the month may well be put in Blue.
the new teacher or the teacher who is the monthly test, where one is given, Red.
Black (usually).
not an expert in penmanship. and some credit allowed on the Inks that are not visible until something
About once a week I shorten the grades. like lemon juice or heat are applied.
regular drill work in my upper classes A good many of these tests will be Black.
(E) INK TEST SET 5.
and use the last five minutes or so for taken home and tried on friends and Describe a good ink.
theory. In these weekly tests the relatives, and much comment and in- Describe an ink eraser.
questions are new. Students are not terest will be aroused in your pen- May water be added to India ink ?
interested in rehashed material of a What is a writing fluid?
manship work. For how long should record ink last ?
theoretical character. I have them
skip a couple of lines at the close of (A) INK TEST SET 1.
ANSWERS
Bright color, flows freely, not fugitive.
their drills and number the questions when did people first use real ink to write Sharp blade, sand and rubber, chemical.
as they answer them. I ask the ques- with ? Yes.
Was early ink thin or thick ? Rapid flowing ink (especially advertised for
tion giving such explanation as seems made ?
In what colors was early ink fountain pens).
necessary, and the students write what sort of pen was used? Forever (at least indefinitely).
down their answers as quickly and What country made about the best ink ? (To be continued)

^X/^^^'z^^:^^ ^^/-^^^ .^tJU^ ^2^-^>-^C^C€^ ?^:^^^ :

_^—c-^^'OcA^.^
/ - /a ' J- - 7^ / 2- J- :i 3 ^--^3 >y0r-^4/ Si- 6^
//
^S-S2 J C-C 3 ¥7'7'^ ^f'f^
2-i'Cx 37-73 V/'/y ^f-fjT
/C-C/ J-7-72 3 r- ^j ^ ^ ,

7-70

f-fo

The above number chart was prepared by Raymond Swicrtz. a graduate of the Englewood Business College, Chicago, and a student of
penmanship under John S. Griffith of that institution.
0^ .^J^iid/n^U^^/iu^i^r* 17

a forum for partisan teaching of con-


troverted matters of religion or poli-

MENTAL MEANDERINGS tics, but every teacher may, and


should, teach his pupils whatever may
be necessary to make them intelligent
By CARL MARSHALL as to the matters in controversy. That
Route 1,Box 32, Tujunga, Cal:fo is, while the teacher may not teach
as facts, the disputed conclusions of
evolution, he may teach what evolu-
Ever since the invention of the ting cross-legged in cafes or in their tion is, which is a very different af-
printing press, and, indeed, long be-
"advanced" homes, flaunting their ex- fair. Likewise, the law very properly
pertness in mixing cocktails, rolling forbids the teaching of Catholicism,
fore that event, there has been a cigarettes, and swearing, while they Methodism, Mehomedanism, Spiritual-
steady outpouring of prate about the "single standard" and ism or any other form of sectarianism
The Girls preachment by moralists, their "rights" and "freedom" to do in the public schools, but it does not
educators, theol o g i a n s,
anything that men do. forbid the teaching of such PACTS
Also
Perhaps all this is not really alarm- about these and other sects as may be
and other uplifters, the ing. It may be merely the natural along the line of general information.
purpose of which has been to help accumulation of froth and scum on the Our schools are supported by taxes
young humans to get a holding grip disturbed social cauldron, but the sit- drawn from all the people, and for
uation is grave enough to call for people who have not the means to
on the problems of life. The lion's
remedy. There is a need that wise send their children to private schools,
share of this nourishing pabulum has and (ieep-hearted men and women attendance upon them is compulsory.
been for the boys. The girls did not who know life, should launch a cam- It is obviously wrong and unfair to
count. Since their lives in popular paign of appealing good sense that allow anything in the way of opinion
estimation, were consummated by may bring back to sober thought these to be taught in the schools that is
so-called "advanced" young women obnoxious to the beliefs or sentiments
matrimony, where was the need of for whom the heady wine of modern of the taxpayers. It should not re-
any urge toward mental efficiency or life is endangering both their heads quire a law to prevent any teacher
economic independence ? All that the and their hearts. We need some books from doing this. It is merely a ques-
for girls, along the spirit of that one tion of common fairness and decency.
dear creatures really needed was to
written nearly a century ago by that
be well grounded in the domestic and well-nigh forgotten writer, Josiah The other day I had a jolly visit
prsonal virtues, and to be made at- Gilbert Holland, who saved the soul with that prince of good fellows, and
tractive to prospective husbands. of many a boy, by his famous and
popular western school man, Tom
timely volume, "Timothy Titcomb's Bridges, who has been for
Then came the spinning jenny, the
Letters to Young Men". Be a Good half a generation or so.
power loom, and later, Sholes with his
Mixer Principal
of the Heald
typewriter, and John Gregg with his People of intelligence who are Business College of Oak-
easily-learned shorthand. Also, there blinded by neither sectarian nor ag- land, Tom has recently
California.
nostic bigotry (for there are both been honored by being made District
arose the mail order house and the
kinds), will Governor of a hundred and twenty odd
department store. The new order The Monkey Business not be greatly Rotarian Clubs that comprise the im-
made scores of more interesting, more In Tennessee disturbed by portant Western District of Cali-
useful and better paid jobs for the the midsum- fornia, Utah, and one or two other
girls than those of the scullery, the mer sensation at Dayton, Tennessee. states. On the occasion of my visit,
nursery or the boudoir. And the col- They know, in the first place, that there happened to be a luncheon given
leges and universities, hithei'to sacred evolution, in so far as it is a scientific bv the local Rotarians at the Hotel
to men, were thrown open to them, fact, is not seriously threatened by
Oakland, and I had the pleasure of
until today, they are crowding every the Tennessee law. They know also, attending it as Tom's guest. The
one of the learned professions, and that the question as to whether man company comprised the very pick and
doing about everything that men do, has descendeil from monkeys, is one cream of Oakland's big business
from practicing law to running stock of the least important matters of evo- hustlers, who have adopted the Ro-
farms. And through their irruption lution, and that no evolutionist pre-
tarian watchword of SERVICE, and
into industrial and professional life, tends to know anything about what the get-together principle of "each for
they have been given the vote in every sort of an animal man has descended
all and all for each".
modern democracy, and are proving from. It is also evident to anyone
But it was not of the Rotarians,
their mettle in politics and office-hold- with ordinary common sense, that especially, that I set out to write. I
ing and even appearing in parlia- what a man thinks as to the way God was thinking of the path to eminence
ments and congresses. It is the great- created the world, has not the least and honor that has been followed by
est revolution the world has seen since relation to anything vital in the Chris-
this modest young business school
mankind left the caves and the tree- tian religion. Mr. Bryan and other man who began his career so humbly
boughs. zealots who have worked themselves
and obscurely, when hardly more than
But the new regime has its perils. up into a white heat over this incon- a boy, barely fifteen years ago. At
With all their unwonted employ- sequential matter, know as little about
that time, the little school was a very
ments, women must continue to be real religion as they do about evolu-
modest affair indeed, hardly making
wives and mothers. The scientists tion. Equally nonsensical is the
a ripple on the business surface of
have yet to learn how to produce raucus outcry of Mr. Darrow to the the city, and its genial young man-
synthetic babies. Unless the world is effect that education and free speech
ager was even less known Today,
to go on the rocks, woman must re- are endangered by that silly Ten- the Heald College of Oakland occupies
main the Queen of the Home. And nessee law. three floors of a large and handsome
unless the world is to revert to the But no teacher has any rieht either building, and Principal Bridges holds
indecencies of the jungle, woman professional or legal, to be a propa-
an enviable and leading place among
must keep bright the galaxy of vir- gandist in the school room on any the big men of affairs in his town.
tues and modesties and pieties that matter, whether political or theologi- How come ? As the maker of Postum
cluster about the sacred name of cal, about which there is deep and
says, "There's a reason". From the
Mother. There are disturbing signs honest difference of opinion among Oakland,
first day of his advent in
that all too many young women of different sections of the public which
Tom Bridges has been a MIXER. I
the class lately known as flappers, are he is employed to serve. It is the
do not mean by this that he has been
oblivious of this vital thing. Too function of the teacher to disseminate
a mere back-slapping, game-playing
many of them, in rolled down hose admitted truth, not to promulgate
and daringly scanty raiment are sit- doctrines. No public school should be (Continued on page 21)
i

18 ^ f^^^u^'n^U^^ii^iu:a^^

talk given to the


SOME HIGH SPOTS
New England Penm: alion of Boston, Mass., by
Raymond G. Laiid. Head Master of the cal School, who spoke
instructively and entertainingly oi anship Chassis."

"Good penmanship largely a 'state should be succeeded by a better one


"
of mind.' for this purpose.
Each act is the result of mental
A habit simply means that the un-
conscious parts of the nei-vous system
energy and the amount of energy ap- have been trained to do certain things
plied determines the amount or quali-
under given conditions.
ty of work performed.
In writing the will is the measure
The muscles performing a given act of all effort and of the result of such
are changed in consequence of the act, effort.
and the kind of change is determined In direct oval the aim is toward the
by the amount of mental energy ap-
plied in a given time.
body —
definite. In indirect the aim in-
definite.
As is thought so is the molecular A
pupil whose conceptions are bet-
motion of the body and so the arrange- ter than another's is a better writer
ment of the molecules, and hence, so but it does not hold that he can write
the quality of the fiber. Every mole- as well as his conceptions, his ma-
cule replaced in learning to write chinery may be inadequate."

W. D. LEWER
The above portrait is that of W. D.
Lewer, formerly manager of Cecil's
Business College, Spartanburg, S. C,
naw manager of Bay City, Mich.,
Business College.
After finishing public school work,
Mr. Lewer completed a commercial
course in Mankato Commercial Col-
~ TO lege, Mankato, Minn in which school
,

he taught four years. He was the


0\ir tsIecracJi dTfinJi txalkiil'vnlcr: principal of the Bookkeeping Depart-
ment of the Grand Island Business
College, Grand Island, Nebraska.
anintsiaJiclMarlanii During the world war he served in
the A. E. F. as a machine gunner. He
has been Principal of the Bookkeep-
ing Department of the Nettleton Com-
mercial College, Sioux Falls, S. D. He
has also spent several years on the
rvr;ciah,>r. of H'« smjular fior.cr whi.-l
Pacific Coast; one year as principal of
wav hoir. l-fv feAljr. v^H' r.osH"n-,i| Jti
the Commercial Department of Link's
Business College, and one year with
affving crv. 'htST'S DO'.
Wilson's Business College, Seattle,
.v.-f.-si jcvifir. t^c crovr. of fgo Ro.-feios wPoto,. Washington. While on the coast he
" cl-4» CH/ifi!TY fisbv.'ii-.j i LvisP I>ou«voloiicc
Tavisf! wl>oro5oovjr tho pan*! of wanf is took a course in Income Tax Account-
!S a UllSTICf -aitfcirc* fy Ijoncsh
•nosh ir,or>: wBoro /.'AIOWAWl' /,flIW swfairj tfio faF ing and worked six months as an ac-
ihi pr,-n«. iir.J Tifls tlio fciffon..
countant. He has also had one year
•oil fijvo fionoK* »'itK voiir yraiy^ci feUOHI /I.VBX/C^S u-liojc alTcgiar.co ho tKo Fr""
''<'—• * of actual experience in banking. In
ar.> t-o wfiom t^at <er?rfuf syiuSof Tcais its li<son! o'a us i-fic wf ihc sfrip< !
June, 1924 he was married to Miss
' rscss arU' yurihy tf t6' i»<'il" of/J^SXWUV for vi\A l-fiat ffaj iMn' Vena Burton, of Seattle, Washington.
i«5 an^ floo»5Co> ••hioC ^civc iliis riW^CIPliK a place ir. tfii sun..- Mr. Lewer recently won a B. E. Pro-
f foir.aKc of t-gc iMn.)Jvr£an ficigfihs. wSoncc untdrr-ufoj ai-.> urwsuffii.-l fv fessional Certificate which is a good
.^.. fKjn^otr* 9\ UHNKJ\' #fici5 \\s benign ravs. a toacon «f hope ho fifo's *-oa,- recommendation for his skill as a
^ic^ pif^rim sootiag a Bavoii of ro5K a fiar&or of piacc. writer.
TTow an> trial" b«»-il>or -.is vitt iirvvon.»'iixa JcMfation
, . ,. J anJ cor.fasion. «-o »i«oorr. tRo .•ointiffatinj «har of W*.
Miss Myra .Shearer of Cambridge,
ivfotxJor. ar.6 again fiopo is rcforn in tCo convi.-hion tfial- afhr aff OPoi is jloo.^ aai alTts ••MfV. Md., is to handle commercial work at
Virginia Intermont College, Bristol,
>5pScrc .V »'C fi* vou wjfcon-.o. IBSLCOMf! to ov.r bospitafilv. frugaf as fc«
Va.
it ringina Iruo fiSc tBc rcfjr.oi jof* i-lVorcwitli w4 jfa^Jcn tRo boarts of
,
rkri-rf;
, ,

tRj ».«rft. U/a'cOMK to our \7/ _. W sunstir.c .-rvstaf cftar as O'o»


'^*^">
fios n;a>o

*"'"-
C E. Wade is a new commercial
teacher in Rider College, Trenton, N.
it, tDfl.COMK to our air. part, anyofl'utoj \.X/ / /X/ ''^' *^' i'^"^ '^ ""-"''• ""•"''•

ni you witS more JumptuoaJ tboir iirotttni|S too luiff .-foor war J.
j>otr.p.
JSa^HS^ in tCc voaftfi an» »-ar«ttfi of
jojourr,

For the Rochester, N. H., High School


... ..ioir

WiCOMS vliKi
(iija. fat fy nons tRaffu-o fo.

up ir. oar fwrtj.


wolTs
,^31f^&
J^9 W )^^
o-..lior.o

cU our riofost vafuts aro injwr. from .Mr. Herbert C Hunt and Miss Marion
' afioptljf of our mountain
iFtTu^t " ~iJH
mines, so from tfic iopt^ of oar foart^ Nicoll have been engaged as new
9^ci iiko oar fiurrouniing lii rr« ana lllr '
ft^flL '

IIIhI as dCiiinq in oar foaftv. ^o wo .

teachers in the Commercial Depart-


ment.
Plainview, Minn., has engaged Miss
Crippf* iJrccfi S«A<|c Jlo.5I(5.
Louise Holbrook of Mankato, Minn.,
as commercial teacher.
S^n^vifjr.t an> i7rotoctiv. OVjsr .^f Sf£5.
erippr.erMt.(2»rora»o. Miss Mary Costello goes to the Toms
JHayr.lK4.
River, N. J., High School as commer-
cial teacher.

^ t^^^^uJi'/i^dS^^^/iua/fr' 19

consolation to us in this our hour of


success and plenty, than the fact that
we have never printed, published, nor
Business College Cooperation spoken one word against the charac-
ter, the work, or the system of a
Address Delivered By E. H. NORMAN, President,
single competitor.
Baltimore Business College,
I cannot regulate your school, and
Baltimore, Md.
you cannot regulate mine; but if we
At the 27th Annual Banquet of the Eastern Commercial Teachers' are competitors, we can get together
Association, Philadelphia, Pa., April 9, 1925. and determine on a policy advan-
tageous to both, beneficial to the com-
munity, and fair and just to the young
men and women who put their" faith
Down in my native state. North would mean better business for the and trust in us. If there is one busi-
Carolina, there lived an old negro schools, and it would put commercial ness, more than another, that should

a disreputable character a loafer, education on a higher plane. It is
be fairly and honestly conducted, it is
chicken thief, crap shooter, drunkard, with pride and pleasure that I am able the school business; and if there is
and wife-beater. One day this negro to inform you that school conditions any class of schools that should excel
died, as bad negroes have the habit of in Baltimore are practically ideal. in this particular, and be entirely free
doing in that part of the country. A There is no mud-slinging, back-biting, from false, alluring, misleading state-
church funeral was held, and the nor unscrupulous methods resorted to ments and promises, it is the business
negro pastor, a loquacious individual, in securing business in our city. There .school. Do not worry about the
as most negro preachers are, deliv- are several commercial schools in faker; set your own house right, raise
ered a powerful eulogy. In the midst Baltimore, and we are all working to- your standards, and attract students
of his fei-vid oration, when he was gether in peace and harmony. by the honesty and thoroughness of
telling of the virtues of the deceased I bring to you, ladies and gentle- your work.

brother what a splendid citizen, good men, from our beloved Monumental So long as glitter passes for gold,

husband and father he had been the City, a branch of the olive tree; and so long as pretense takes the place
widow could stand it no longer. She in the name of the commercial schools of doing, so long as men cannot dis-
nudged her twelve-year old boy, who there represented, present it to you tinguish between the artificial and the
was sitting by her side, and said, with the full assurance that you will real, so long as there are people who
"Rastus, you go peep in dat coffin an' find in it curative properties for all
are willing to get without giving, just
see if dat is your daddy." While list- the ills from which you have suffered so long will shams and hypocrites dis-
ening to the splendid introduction during these many years. This get- grace our profession. But why worry?
given me by your eloquent and versa- together policy or peace program, I They appear upon the stage today
tile toastmaster, I, like the widow, am suggesting to you, will prove to and are gone tomorrow. You can look
was in doubt, and had to pinch my- be a business-getter and a money- back over the short period of our his-
self several times to see if I was the saver. It will give you an easy con- tory and recall many fakers, who em-
person being introduced, and to make science so that you can lift your chin barked upon the sea of commercial
sure that I am still Mrs. Norman's and look your competitor squarely in education, and, because their crafts
husband. the eye. "it will bring peace and re- were frail, by reason of defective ma-
This afternoon, while discussing pose "at night, and drive snakes and terial and lack of honesty, and their
with my friend, Hull, the apparent lizzards from the wall. It will make
compasses wrong, because they point-
aridity of his home town, he said that you feel that life is worth living, put ed to deception and unscrupulous
Philadelphia was neither so slow nor a pleasant taste in your mouth, and methods, the shores are white with

so dry as it looks that many of the will win the respect and confidence of the bones of the wrecked. The waves
cellars are yet quite moist. I told the best people in your community. moan a constant requiem to the lost,
him then, and I presume this would It will establish respect and friend- and we catch the refrain, "Weighed
be an opportune time for me to in- ship among competitors, and will in the balance and found wanting."
foiTn you, that "I am from Missouri." bring sweet fruition, "Do unto
to What our profession needs and
It used to be that after a fellow had others as you would that they should what it must have, if it is to survive,
had a couple of drinks, he wanted to do to you." is that we stand together for the
lick the standing army; but now- There is nothing strange nor un- right, that we be honest and true with
adays, after he has absorbed a choco- usual that this get-together policy ourselves, and with those who entrust
late sundae, he doesn't even want to should have found birth in the "city their future to our keeping, that we
lick the spoon. Let us cheer up and of beautiful women" and the "home of be clean and decent and fair with our
look on the bright side. Things are the oyster"; for this city is renowned competitors, and that we believe in
not so bad as they seem. Times are for being first in so many good things, the Golden Rule and live it. Let us
really prosperous, and nearly every- that to enumerate all of them would profit by the advice of Shakespears,
body has something in his pocket tax your patience and prolong your who said,
nowadays, if it is only a hole. stay here indefinitely.
But notwithstanding this fact, I am Conditions in Baltimore were not "To thine own self 1» true, and it
convinced that, in manv resoects, this always as they are today. There was must follow, as the night the day.
thou canst not then be false to any man."
is a hard world. For instance, all a a time, many years ago, when dark
fellow gets for a long and arduous clouds of unrest hovered over our city,
courtship is marriage. And then, soon and the thunder of discord, envy, and It has been shrewdly said, that
or late every married woman comes jealousy rumbled by day and by night. when men abuse us we should suspect
to the unhappy realization that she Well do I remember when the pen of ourselves, and when they praise us,
has more sense than her husband. iniquity was dipped in the gall of bit- them. It is a rare instance of virtue
Mrs. Norman, being a very astute terness, and the wrath of envy and to despise censure which we do not
woman, discovered this fact very early hatred were hurled at me and my deser\'e; and still more rare to despise
in our married life; hence, my meek- little school. I continued to attend praise which we do. Colton. —
ness and humility. strictly to my own business, paid no
In the few moments I shall trespass attention to these attacks, and treated Gentlemen: Enclosed find check in
on your time, I should like to make them with the silent contempt that payment for three years' subscription
an earnest plea for a spirit of broth- such attacks justly merit. Today to The Business Educator.
erly love and fair play among com- when I look back on my little school The Educator grows more and more
petitors. I believe the Eastern Com- and early struggles, and follow events interesting and indispensable to me as
mercial Teachers' Association can do step by step, with my patient, loving the years come and go.
a splendid work in creating among wife by my side, there is no one thing "
(Signed) C W. M. Blanchard,
competing schools a more wholesome over which we rejoice more, and Supr. of Penmanship,
and a more friendly spirit. This which brings greater satisfaction and West Medford, Mass.
^^J^uJ/n^iU'i^fi^iu^^i^^ ^

FAMOUS LETTERS
BY FAMOUS PENMEN
In this series we have some of the most skillful letters ever written

%7^3/r^.

The above was written by Lyman P. Spencer, youngest of the five sons of Piatt R. Spencer, "Originator and Founder" of Spencerian
Writing. Lyman was considered the most talented and highly skilled of the Spencers. His greatest work was in preparing the New Spen-
cerian Compendium of Penmanship, probably the finest book ever published on the subject.
^

^ f^^^UJ/'/l^M/^<(/iU^l/^ ^ 21

il^ ^^w^'iM^
^^^

OVER TWENTY YEARS EXP^IENCE

Ezecnted by H. J. Walter, Winnipeg, Can.

RALPH BAKER
Ralph Baker, penmanship teacher in
the Pollock School, New Castle, Penn-
sylvania, was drowned on May 31,
1925, while in bathing.
Mr. Baker attended the Zanerian
College of Penmanship during the
summer 1924 and was a young man
of a fine personality, ability and edu-
cation. The profession has lost a tal-
ented teacher.

Mr. H. W. West of the Rider Col-


lege, Trenton, New Jersey, seems to
be stirring up considerable interest in
penmanship, if we may judge from the
number of clubs of subscriptions which
have been received recently from him.
Mr. West is a very enthusiastic pen-
manship teacher and succeeds in get-
ting his pupils to write a very breezy,
graceful style of business writing.

MENTAL MEANDERINGS
New Home of National School of Business and Karam Shorthand (Continued from page 17)
The National School of Business, Oklahoma —
days they secure positions and consequently good fellow. He has been a hard-
City, Okla., formerly the National School of are in better circumstances financially to finish working and useful team-mate among
Shorthand, established 1921, has moved to paying for their tuition. In our opinion this
handsome quarters. is the most interesting part of the Business the other men of push in the city.
Mr. A. Karam, Author of the Karam Short- College work. This feature seems to have been Very soon they sensed his mettle, and
hand System and President of the School, overlooked for many years in the field of Com- adopted him as one of them. Of
states that the Karam System is growing and mercial Education.
that the following are the advantages to which "A well equipped school in a wonderful coui'se, he sen-ed his own business
the National School of Business owes its suc- location with the reputation of graduating am thinking he did not
well, too, but I
cess: competent Stenographers and Secretaries. lose anything by the work he has
"The merit of Karam Shorthand and Type- "Getting away from the old method that un-
writing and the success of Karam Writers. less the students remain in school, the institu- done in proving that he was a first
"Well paid and expert faculty which enables tion will have no chance to collect all of the class all-around business man as well
the Institution to graduate competent Steno- tuition. Keeping students at school an un- as a thorough schoolmaster. There is
graphers and Secretaries in the shortest pos- reasonably long time causes them to spend
sible time. most of their money for room and board. In a lesson in Tom Bridges' career for
"Cooperation in securing positions for grad- many instances they leave the school unfin- many another young business school

uates often spending as much as SIO to place ished and conclude the College is not the one man. To them I would say: "Don't
one student. they should have attended."
"Proving out the idea, that when students Mr. Karam will be glad to exchange Cata- get pocketed in the sidelines, fellows,

erraduated in a very short time sixty to ninety logue with business institutions. get into the game."
^ r^^^uJ/zi^d^^^^/iua^
NEWS NOTES
J. Maney, a recent graduate
Joseph
of the Salem, Mass., State Normal
Department of Research in Handwriting
School, is to teach commercial sub- vcy To Determine Finishing Standards
Philadelphia Public Schools.
jects in the B. F. Brown High School,
By H. A. ROUSH
Fitchburg, Mass.

Miss Laura Wurtzel of Lincoln, Neb ,


At the request of the Superintendent of Schools and the Division of Comme al Education
-will teach shorthand and typewriting of Philadelphia, the author was engaged during the months of December. 1924 nd Ja ary.
in the College of Industrial Art.s, Den- 1925. in making a survey of the quality of handwriting used in business and sot life fo 1

purpose of determining finishing standards for the Philadelphia Public Schools.


ton, Texas.
The findings of this survey appear in the following report which it is hoped will prove to be
helpful in determining standards of attainment in handwriting and ir encouraging further re-
W. L. Thompson of the Chillicothe, search and study of this too frequently neglected subject.
Mo., Busine.ss College has accepted
appointment to teach in the New Some Fallacies in Standard Setting

Castle, Pa., Business College. Standards of attainment in any subject should be both reasonable and adequate
the different grades and the
finishing standards.
Aimer J. Snider, who was with the
To set standards arbitrarily is false since it does not take into account the ability of pupils
of various grades or ages or the actual need for the standard required. Neither can these stand-
Albany, N. Y., High School last year, ards be determined by the average attainment of pupils in the different grades, since they would
goes to the Ii-vington, N. J., High vary under different types of teaching and would leave out of consideration the social needs for
the ability in question.
School, and Arnost Sukovaty, last
year with the Lincoln, Neb., Business The primary purpose of this survey was to find the quality of handwriting necessary to
meet the social demand. This led to an investigation of the quality of handwriting necessary
College, will take Mr. Snider's place for social correspondence (non-vocational) and vocational purposes.
at Albany.
Survey of the Quality of Handwriting Necessary for Social Correspondence
H. Hudson, last year with the
F. We secured 1,000 specimens of social (non-vocational) correspondence written by adults of
the better-educated middle-class Americans. -The sex and occupation of the writers were noted
Barnesboro, Pa., High School, is to on the back of these specimens. They were then rated on the Ayres Measuring Scale for Hand-
have charge of the Commercial De- writing (Gettysburg Edition), in steps of 5. The specimens were obtained as follows:
partment of the Hammonton, N. J., 250 specimens clipped from their social correspondence by students of the classes of Sur-
High School. veys and Measurements, University of Pennsylvania.
250 specimens clipped from their social correspondence by students of the classes of Sur-
R. H. Johnson, for many years com- veys and Measurements, Temple University.
mercial teacher in the South High 250 specimens clipped from their social correspondence by adva students in Handwrit-
ing. Philadelphia Normal School.
School, Omaha, has become associated
250 specimens clipped from their social correspondence by o Supervisors of Handwriting,
with the American College of Omaha.
Five judges were selected from each of the above-mentioned urces to rate the 1,000 speci-
mens on the Ayres Handwriting Scale. Each paper, therefore, w rated twenty different times
L. E. Young of Trenton, N. J., a i

is
and the average score was listed on the specimen. Finally, the ccupational, sex, and general
new teacher in Brown's Business Col- averages were determined and tabulated.
lege, Galesburg, 111.
TABLE I

Miss Irma Brand, a recent graduate Distribution by Vocations of the Writer of the 1.000 Spi of Social Corresponde
of the Whitewater, Wis., State Nor- 1. Business workers Engineers
mal School, is to teach commercial 2. Soldiers Clergymen
3. Educational workers Lawyers
subjects in the Stewartville, Minn., 4. Artists Clubwomen
High School. 5. Homemakers Laborers
6. Housekeepers Society women
Miss Anna M. Dostal is a new teacher 7. Students Authors and journalists
in the Brockton, Mass., High School. S. Nurses Librarians
9. Physicians Seamstresses and dressmakei
Miss Marcella Powers is to be an as- Mechanics
Sailors
sistant in the Commercial Department Telephone operators
of the Rockville, Conn., High School. Chemists Miscellaneous
Architects Unclassified and leisure
Miss Julia F. Rands is to be in the De- Social workers
partment of Secretarial Science in the It will be seenfrom Table I that the writers of the specimens of social correspondence
State College of Washington, Pull- cover a wide range of vocations.
man. Group 1 includes clerks, stenographers, bookkeepers, accountants, merchants, business man-
agers, etc. Under Group 3 will be found elementary, high school and university teachers, super-
Miss Ruth E. Ringquist, recently com- intendents, principals and others interested in educational work. Group 7 includes students in
mercial teacher in the High School at normal schools, colleges and universities. In Group 16 have been placed those engaged in the
engineering profession such as civil engineers, electrical engineers, etc. Group 28 includes
Princess Anne, Md., will teach the :

a manicurist, a
one specimerv from each of many occupations as, a motion picture actress,
;

coming year in the Dover, N. J., High baker, a radio operator, etc. Those for whom no occupation was reported and iieople of leisure
School. were classified under Group 29.

//^. a c /•

Strong, practical bu iting for advanced students by John S. Griffith of the Englcwood Bu College, Chicago.
^^Jf^uJ/n^^i^yifu^a^ ^ 23

TABLE II

Distribution and Average of the Scores of the 1.000 Specimens of Social


NEWS NOTES
Correspondence by Vocations Miss Beatrice F. Brown, la.st year
commercial teacher in the Fall River,
No. of Aver.
(Gettysbure Edition) Mass., School of Commerce, has been
Scores on Ayres Measuring Scale for Handwriting sp3ci- qual-
engaged to teach in the West Side
Vocations 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 mens ity High School at Manchester, N. H.
1. Business worl<ers 2 2 5 11 14 32 38 53 31 15 12 6 5 3 1 230 48.7
2. Soldiers 2 2 2 2 11 10 40.3 Mr. M. H. Saunderson is a new com-
3 Educational workers 1 5 13 10 26 38 21 27 19 11 10 5 9 6 1 202 51.1 mercial teacher in the Montana State
4. Artists 14 2 111 10 41.8 College at Bozeman.
Homemakers
5.

6.

7.
Housekeepers
Students
1

4
1111111
3 10 10 23 22

4 18 26 27 29 19 14
14 10 9 2

6
8

9
2

5
1

1
115
7
162
47.2
51.4
48.9
Miss Helen C. Gooch, last year teacher
of shorthand in the Rochester, N. H.,
8. Nurses
Physicians
164476231 34 44.1 Hio-h School,
year in the
is to teach
High School
the coming
at Bridge-
9. _ 2 5 10 10 4 3 4 1 1 1 1 42 35.9
10.
11.
12.
Farmers
Milliners
Musicians
Ill
3

2
11 2

1112
6
3

4 4 1
10
3
22
37.8
3.99
44.9
port, Conn.

Miss Mary P. Warner of Randolph,


Vermont, is a new commercial teacher
13.
14.
Chemists
Architects
15. Social workers
1111 2 1

4 2 2
3
4
8
38.0
43.7
41.6
in the Ellenville, N. Y., High School.

Miss Leona Albrecht, a member of


13 year's graduating class of the
16.
17.
Engineers
Clergymen 11423432
11252231
4 2 3 1 14
20
47.7
35.1
this
College of Practical Arts and Letters
18.
19.
20.
Lawyers
Clubwomen
Laborers
112 112 11
1
17
5
39.7
53.6
of Boston University, will teach com-
mercial work the coming year in the
High School at Acton, Mass.
21.
22.
Society
Authors and
women Ill 112
3 2 11
3
47.7
31.9
J. Talcott, a recent grad-
journalists.... 1 5 48.3 Miss Rosella
23. Librarians 111 uate of Bay Path Institute, Spring-

1113 11
2 5 44.6
24. Seamstresses & dressmkrs 12 5 46.8 field, Mass has been elected to teach
,

25. Mechanics 1 7 39.2 commercial work in the New Milford,


26. Sailors 2 2 39.1 Conn., High School the coming year.
27. Telephone operators 1 1 56.6
28. Miscellaneous 2 3 3 3 5 17 42.7 Miss Alyne Harmon, for the last few
29. Unclassified
TOTALS
& leisure 114264421 1

1 26 42.5 years teacher of shorthand in the Ban-


gor, Maine, High School, has recently
1 2 10 32 78 102 160 164 152 113 7138 35 19 15 7 1 1000 47.1
accepted a similar position with the
The occupational distribution of the scores of social handwriting, in steps of five, is shown Maiden, Mass., High School.
in Table II. The occupational average quality is shown in the extreme right hand vertical
column. The total figures at the bottom indicate the number of all the specimens receiving
J. Frank Dame, a member of
this
quality scores from 10 to 90. while the total score under average quality in the lower right hand Mr.
corner shows that the average score of the 1,000 specimens of social handwriting is quality 47.1. year's graduating class of Bay Path
Springfield, Mass., will
A study and comparison of the occupational averages will show that society women with an institute,
average quality of 31.9 are the lowest group, being 15.2 points below the average of all of the teach the coming year in the High
specimens. This is probably due to an affected and exaggerated style of almost illegible writing
which they commonly use. The clergymen are next with an average score of 35.1. Soldiers School at Upper Darby, Pa.
write better than sailors or lawyers, while farmers write better than physicians, who write but
.8 point higher than clergymen. Barring the telephone operator group (one specimen not being Mr. George T. Brice of Swampscott,
sufficient to warrant a conclusion), clubwomen with a score of 53.6 are the highest, this mark Mass., is a new commercial teacher in
being 6.5 points above the general average. Business workers, educational workers, homemakers
and students, representing more than 70 per cent of the specimens, are all above the general the Mcintosh School, Dover, N. H.
average with a combined average of 49.2. Although the range of distribution for the four
groups just mentioned is wide, probably due to the greater number of specimens, it is notice- Mr. Earle F. Wingate, this year com-
able that the educational workers ranged more toward the upper end of the scale than the other mercial teacher in the Stoughton,
groups and furnished the only specimen at quality 90, which was written by a teacher. Mass., High School, will teach the
The main purpose of distributing and rating the specimens of social correspondence by_ oc-
cupations was not so much to determine the standards of social handwriting for these vocations
coming vear in the Morristown, N. J.,
as to study the effect of these vocations on the social handwriting. (To be continued) High School.
f^^^uJ/'/t^M'^/Seua^h^ ^
cited father to let his boy carve out
his own golf career without special
Penmanship As a Factor In Success instruction of any kind. Would to
Charles R. Wicrs, Asst. Vice Pres. Schawmul Nat God that there were more golf in-
of the Direct Mall Ai vertising Association, ga\ structors and executives of the same
interesting talk n the above topic to the ^
manship Association, type. We need more friends and
iciple points in his addres helpers, but for obvious reasons we
can get along very nicely without any
inci-ease in our present stock of those
It's both refreshing and unique to that there is no point in attaching who unfortunately believe that they
be in a gathering where penmanship curved strokes to the lower part of have a mortgage on the knowledge of
is to be discussed. Ordinarily when such letters as "g", "y" and "j". the universe.
we come together in these speedy days Teach your boys and girls to get Good penmanship as an asset to the
we are possessed with the idea that such letters correctly formed above user cannot be accurately computed
the progress and salvation of the the line and then finish them with a in dollars and cents. As you know
world depends upon nothing but labor short stroke nearly straight below the we insist that a salesman watch his
saving devices. If the pen is mightier line. apparel, his hair, his nails and his
than the sword, it is certain that we When it comes to speed, which as shoes so as to present a neat appear-
are not concerned about its power so you know, calls for ease and rapidity ance when calling on a real or a pros-
long as somebody is willing to show of action, you need to reassure your- pective customer. A man with the
us the merits of a new machine, or selves that it cannot be attained proper sense of the fitness of things
how by a stroke of Kellar's magic we through a cramped arrangement of should be equally careful of his pen-
can make a machine out of a man. the fingers. The mission of the fin- manship.
Obviously it is not for me to say gers is to hold and control the pen
that what we are doing in our mad
The world measui-es a man in many
and its holder. The necessary move-
cases by the appearance of what he
desire to become more efficient is all ments must come from the arm which
puts on the written sheet. If his
wrong. For the sake of argument at in turn must be under such perfect
product is slovenly or illegible we are
least, I am willing to concede that control as to enable the writer to at-
usually justified in believing that his
most of it is all right. tain the desired speed with ease and
individual actions as he mingles with
We are dead wrong though when sureness.
men will be of the same character. In
we make it plain to our boys
fail to Regardless of these technicalities,
this same connection you should not
and girls that they will miss a lot of important as they are, the fact re-
forget that much of the inaccuracy
real pleasure, and subject their mains that penmanship is one of the
with which Uncle Sam has to contend
friends and associates to endless oldest, most effective, and perhaps the
is the direct result of bad writing
trouble and annoyance if their hand- most widely used medium for record-
which makes it comparatively easy
writing when they enter the business ing thought. It's right then that you
for a handler of mail to place a dif-
world makes even their signature look should be enthusiastic about its im-
ferent interpretation on this or that
like the marks on a ticket for a shirt portance. It's equally right that you
from what the writer actually in-
in a Chinese laundry. should visualize its advantages. Be-
tended. This same thought applies to
To say that a man, irrespective of sides that you should strive tlirough
all kinds of documents where pen and
his calling, writes a good hand, is a your personal efforts and influence to
ink are used to fill out the blank
distinct compliment. To say that a imnart the kind of education tliat will
spaces. It is easy to make a four
man can prepare a perfectly legible relieve the social and business world
that resembles a six; it is also easy
record with a pen is a tribute to his of much of the inaccuracy, the guess-
to be so careless with the fiuure one
carefulness, as it is to the service he ing and the embarrassment now so
as to make it convenient for the other
renders when he makes it easy for prevalent because men everywhere
person to call it a seven without sub-
people to read what he has recorded cannot write so others can read it.
jecting him to any criticism on the
without the aid of a translator. Furthermore, you should look upon
Good penmanship, as I see it, calls penmanship as one of the finest me- grounds of careles.sness.
first for accuracy and simplicity. diums ever for expressing individuali- In considering what I have said so
Speed should be urged later by rea- ty. We admire, respect and follow a far you will readily appreciate that
sonable degrees, but not until ac- man who is different. We take par- penmanship may be aptly termed a
curacy and simplicity have been ticular notice of the fellow in business disciplinary agent. If one takes the
acquired. life whose handwriting is individual, greatest pains with his writing, ever
Accuracy according to my interpre- plain and accurate. Personally, I remembering his responsibility to
tation is simply the process of giving have grave fears if the average teach- others, he will be sure to help himself
character and distinction to our vai'i- er or executive lays enough stress up- fn a varietv of other ways. We all
ous letters. And such a thing, I fear, on developing the individual traits of need such discipline, because it seems
you are not stressing enough, with those under their direction. Too many to be a modern tendency to see how
the result that small "e" when it is of us have a perfect mania for agree- little we can do and how poorly we
turned loose in the world usually looks ing upon a course and insisting that can do it without being denied the
like "i", while "o" and "a" are as it is the only one for the rank and file benefits of the weekly envelope.
much alike as if they were twins. to follow. The separate activities of We also need some kind of rigid
Small "r" is another letter that loses the Modernists and Fundamentalists discipline to knock out some of the
its identity to such an extent as to do not worry me one bit Indeed I flagrant carelessness so conspicuous
make it easy for many people who have a lurking suspicion that there is upon almost every hand. As an illus-
have to read all kinds of writing quite a vital place for both in tlie scheme tration you would do well to recall
rapidly to take it for an "i". You of civilization. that of the 40 000 packages sent to the
micrht also think about "m" and "n" Out in Cincinnati I have a friend Dead Letter Office from Boston alone
which are usually divorced from their who is the proud Dossesor of a nine last year. 23,000, were poorlv wrapped
correct formation by a goodly num- year old boy. This boy, who has or wronyly ad<lressed. The Nfw York
ber of men who use a pen to carve never, taken a lesson from a golf in- postoffice receives 80 000 pieces of
out a living. structor, can outplay his father on anv mail every day without a street ad-
My idea of simplic'ty, so far as pen- coif course in or about Cincinnati, dress. And so it goes from Maine to
manship is concerned, is that of doing Last summer his father observed that California. Much of this could be
away with all kinds of frills and said boy had a stroke peculiarly his avoided through the right kind of
fancy strokes, which as a rule do own which was more or less contrary training in home, school and factory.
nothing but draw upon the energy of to the general rules of golf. Father It's my thought that penman.ship
the writer without enabling him to irot worried about this and took the would prove more attractive as a
make his writing legible to those who boy forthwith to a trolf instructor. study if it were associated more close-
must necessarily read and use it. The latter was gifted with unusual ly with certain principles demanded
To illustrate, let me remind you sense, and therefore advised the ex- by the business world in such work
.

^^^U^'/l^^^^/iU^l/h^ ^ 25

as the writing of business letters, an- tory, when the plate was passed, he kinder and more thoughtful. There
nouncements and advertisements. Con- stole two dollars. will come to you a new realization
spicuous among these is Clearness. Courtesy is another important fac- of what it means to make a smile
No letter or advertisement can be tor you could touch upon quite often grow where perhaps a grouch grew
called complete unless it is clear to without wasting any time thought or before.
the man at the other end of the bar- energy. Some times as I look around Out on Bryn Mawr campus in Phila-
gain. No letter or advertisement will I get the impression that courtesy in delphia there is a sun dial erected to
ever be effective unless it is couched its largest and finest sense has been the memory of a young woman who is
in language plain enough for almost more or less forgotten. We are liv- now traveling the long, long trail. On
any boy to comprehend. ing in an age of the smart and flip- its face may be found these significant
Then there is simplicity which is the pant. We are indulging so much loose words — "I mark only the sunny
very thing I have been advocating in talk publicly that very often we err hours". Wouldn't it be wonderful to
penmanship. Lincoln summarized the and stumble privately. The more you liave it said of us that he or she makes
necessity for simple words and sen- can do to reduce such errors the more the sunny hours ?

tences when he said "Write so the chance there will be for all of us to So as I conclude with a friendly
simplest can und?rstand and the win a larger measure of respect and plea for a little more sunshine in all
others cannot misunderstand. confidence. of your contacts I must pause long
Brevity could also be appropriately Finally, I urge you to fall in love enough to remind you of your great
emphasized. Too many men today are with people, and then try to inspire influence for weal or woe. A charm-
lacking in terminal facilities. On the your friends and students to do like- ing little lad went out in the snow one
other hand, some go to the extreme wise. Mark Twain told us at one Sunday morning and after putting his
time that there was nothing as funny feet in some tracks made by his father
in practicing brevity with the result
that they become curt or inexpressive. as people. To me there is nothing so turned to the latter and said "Look, —
The best illustration of the value of interesting. daddy I's walking in your footsteps."
Edna Ferber in "So Big" states the His daddy raised his hand to his head
brief speech reckoned in dollars is

and said "My God, where are my
given by Mary Twain. His story was
that after listening for five minutes
whole thing in
—a very fascinating way
when she says "Living is one grand footsteps leading my boy?
to the preacher telling of the heathen, adventure. The more kinds of people Well might you and I ask ourselves
he wept, and was going to contribute you see, the more things you do, and a similar question every day Where —
fifty dollars; after ten minutes of the the more things that happen to you, are my footsteps leading my boy, my
sermon, he reduced the amount of his the richer you are." friend, my fellow worker? I doubt
prospective contribution to twenty- As you become more familiar with not but that you can look the world
five dollars and after half an hour of the ideas, ideals and ambitions of squarely in the face and answer such
eloquence he cut the sum to five dol- other folks there will dawTi upon you a question to the satisfaction of every-
lars. At the end of an hour of ora- with a new glory the value of being body.

-^ ^- ( / y. -/P'

y\ V ^ /./^ ./

^ < t / ' '


/'
/
' f ' , ''<'-;

%.
J -^
/ /
/, .

^- , - / ' / /
m
- / '

/. " /
' -

c/^, ,

This beautit i\ letter is from the pen of A. D. Tay lo who was one of Ameri ca's most skillful penmen.
m
26 f^J^U^'/i^iU/<^^^^[Ua^ ^
Signatures of Penmen and Teachers of Penmanship
ntain plain and fancy signa-

of St. Louis, Mo., writes L dainty, graceful


that Prince of Penmen, in Maxwell Training Penmanship teacher style of penmanship and ii famous for writ-
School for Teachers. New York City, writes School, Columbus. O. ing specimens with white ii Ic on blue paper.
a very beautiful signature. penman.

He has quite a reputatic

This signature is certainly a beauty. Notice the sharp ha A good friend of ours and of the profession. He attended the
lines, the grace and the beauty. Todd, as most people kno Zanerian years ago. Today he is conducting a very prosperous
hails from Salt Lake City, Utah. school in Reading, Pa.

Supervisor of writing. Syracuse. N. Y., and


all-around penman. He can twist a signature
into any shape, and is a noted blackboard After teaching and doing engrossing fo*- years,
Supervisor of Writing in Bay City, Mich., for finally took up Questioned Handwriting. He
writer, performing many difficult feats such
many years. He is a good fellow and you is "making good" at 407 Park Row Bldg., 11
as writing with both hands, upside down,
backwards, etc. should become acquainted with him. Park Row. New York City.

of the Boston, Mass.. Clerical School, is one


Syracuse. N. Y., has been known for years of the best penmai ship educators. Some conducts Robinson's Business College, a
as one of America's most skillful penmen, and "High Spots" of one of his talks appear on thorough and up-to-date business college,
writes as skillfully today as ever. page 18 of this issue. Waterford, Ont.. Canada.
^ ^^^^uJ//ied^(^if/iua/i7^ 27

Copies for by E. A. Lupfer.

Mr. Oliver Klee, a recent graduate Pitman Journal of Mexico is the Miss Marjorie Helen French, recently
of the School of Commerce of the title of a twelve page magazine de- commercial teacher in the Perth Am-
State University of Ohio, has accepted voted to Shorthand, Typewriting and boy, N. J., High School, has accepted
a position as Instructor in the Depart- Commercial Education in Mexico. It a position to teach the coming year in
ment of Business Administration, The is published by Mr. A. C. Henderson the Hibbing, Minn., High School.
Tome School for Boys, Port Deposit, who is very active as a commercial
Maryland. Dr. Walter P. Steinhaeuser educator in his country. Mr. Harry Brownfield, for the last few
is Director of the department. years commercial teacher in the
Those interested in the progress of
Uniontown, Pa., Hig-h School, is to
commercial education in Mexico can
TAKE ANOTHER TRACK teach this year in the Brownsville,
secure a copy of this magazine from
the Pitman Institute of Mexico, Pa., High School.
When you suspect you're going wrong,
Or lack the strength to move along
Apartado 1340, Mexico, D. F.
Mr. B. F. Best, now teaching at
With placid poise among your peers Temple University, Philadelphia, has
Because of haunting doubts or fears; recently been elected to head the com-
It's time for you to shift your pack,
The International Falls, Minn., High
School has engaged Miss Mary Alme- mercial work in the West Chester, Pa.,
And steer upon another track! High School.
ter as commercial teacher.

When wind and waves assail your ship Leonard H. Tinker, last year with the Miss Harriet Schwenker of Lincoln,
And anchors from the bottom slip; Charlotte Hall, Md., Military School, Neb., is a new teacher of shorthand
When clouds of mist obscure your sun is tobe with the East Liverpool, Ohio, and typewriting in the Kansas State
And foaming waters madly run; Hieh School. Teachers College, Hays.
It's time for you to change your plan
And make a port while yet you can!

When men laugh at your woeful plight


And seek your repute to blight;
When all the world bestows a frown
While you are sliding swiftly dovsTi;
It's time for you to show your grit
And let the scoffers know you're fit!
When failure opens your luckless door
And struts across the creaking floor;
When Fortune flees and leaves you
bare
And former friends but coldly stare;
time for you to take a track,
It's
And show the world you're coming
back!
—Lillian Harwood Townsend.
I am
enclosing this copy of a very
beautiful little poem, which, if you
think suitable, vou mav use in THE
BUSINESS EDUCATOR, with my
sincere hopes that it will fire and en-
courage others to put forth their best
efforts as it has the writer.

District
&
J. A. Elston,
Manager, National Accident
Health Insurance Co., Sharon, Pa.
tf^
From E. F. Richardson, Buffalo. Ky.
^ ^^Jr^uJ//t^^d^i((^ru^i/h^
Mr. Rodney P. Wing of Cedar Rapids,
Iowa, has accepted a position as head
of the Commercial Department of the
Morse Business College, Hartford,
[)esiohs Conn.
Miss Lola F. Ridgeway of Morris-
town, Minn., is a new commercial
teacher in the High School at Thief
DECORATIVEt River Falls, Minn.
IMiss Edna A. Magnuson, a member
of this year's graduating class of Bay
AND ILLUSTI^ATIVE Path Institute, Springfield, Mass., has
been engaged to teach commercial
work the coming year in the Sunapee,
N. H., High School.
polyposes. Mr. A. A. Kamrath of the South Da-
kota School of Business at Water- '

town, has recently accepted a new ;

position with the Churchill School of i

Business, Lakewood, Ohio. j

Miss Hilda F. Bradshaw, recently with j

Thibodeau's Business School, Fall


River, Mass., is a new shorthand
teacher with the Merrill Business Col-
lege, Stamford, Conn.
Mr. James Neis, a member of the
present graduating class of the State
Normal School at Whitewater, Wis.,
has been elected to teach commercial
work in the Reedsburg, Wis., High
School.
Mr. Ralph Williamson, for the last
few years head of the commercial
work of the Southsitle High School,
Elmira, N. Y., has accepted a similar
position with the Hackensack, N. J.,
High School.
Miss Esther Perry is a new commer-
cial teacher in the Passaic, N. J., High .

School.
Mr. Wallace W. Bitters, last year
PRICES head of the Commercial Department
HE of Charleroi, Pa High School, will
,

next vear teach in the High School at


I^EASONABLE. Oil city, Pa.
.Miss Rachel M. Woodis, a recent grad-
uate of the Normal Training Class at
Bay Path Institute, Springfield, Mass.,
has been engaged to teach commercial
work in the High School at South
Royalton, Vermont.
By E. L. Brown, Rochland, Me. Miss Lucy A. Young, last year a
teacher in the Swamp.scott, Mass.,
Mr. George A. Spauldins, la.st year Miss Lila I. Bradley, last year com- High School, has been elected to
head of the commercial work of Rol- mercial teacher in the Oil City, Pa., teach shorthand and tvpewriting in
lin.s College, Winter Park, Fla., will High School, i.s to teach the coming the Albany, N. Y., High School.
teach the coming year in the Bryant year in the Bristol, Conn., High The following are new commercial
& Stratton School, Buffalo, N. Y. School. teachers in the High School at Water-
loo, Iowa: Eugene Beyatt, Miles City,
Miss Lulu Wagemaker is a new com- Mr. Kenneth R. Skinner is a new com-
Mont.; Earl Tregilgus, Mitchellville,
mercial teacher in the Caldwell, N. J., mercial teacher in the Moorcroft,
Iowa; Hilma Walker, Newton, Iowa.
High School. Wyo., High School. Miss Margaret Sheridan of Horton-
ville. Wis., is a new commercial teach-

The Bryant & Stratton College, Providence, (Harry Loeb Jacobs, Presi- er in the Fond du Lac, Wis., High
dent; also President of the Eastern Commercial Teacher's Association) School.
has the State right to grant Degrees. Mr. Jacobs buys his Sheepskin Miss Margaret R. Hoke is a new
and Parchment Diplomas from us. teacher of accounting in Skidmore
(iUid tu siiiil siniijilia (iml jirircf; if i/nii wisli them. College, Saratoga Springs, N. Y.
Miss Ruth Irmiger, recently a com-
Martin Diploma Company Boston mercial teacher in the Oshkosh, Wis.,
High School, has been elected for
similar work in the Perth Amboy, N.
J., High School.
ENGROSSERS SUPPLIES ARTHUR P. MY ERS
c r.oUl. Silv minum Tablets, Sheepskin. Vellu Leather liindinRS for Albums, Kin e Art EnKi-osBcr of RcBoUllions Testi-
)ks on EnKro 1(1 IlhiminatinK bouKht and sold, Dials. memorials. diploma? Certificates.
Resolutions. •iiils. Dij.lnmH.s. Certificates cnitt ed and Illuminated. Send for Ch irters. Book
Plates. Hono Roll ,. Title
Price List. PaKes and Coat of Arms. Elejrant desipns for
THE HARRIS STUDIO
EnKrossors, Illuminators and DcsiK
Me norial Tablets. Tombs.
wa e. Fine Jewelry, etc.
Mon umcnts Silver-
Send copy for esti-
'""
1403-4 Maniucltc Bide. CHICAGO. ILLINOIS. ARTHUR P. MYERS Art at Pen man
963 E. Market St. YORK, PA.
^ f^J3BuJ//^^^^^/iu^l^^

(LhclFoot-p.itl) Co paicc

O be glad crF life because it giv«2S


cKancc to Icrpc arui to rpork.
)X3u the
ox\a to plav arui to look up at~
tuG stars; fo be satishca Tpitk
your possessions, but not cx)ru._
tented, witk yourself until tou.
lave mad.e tne bcsr of tkcni; to despise
notning in trie world ejccGpt: ralscKooi'
and meanness, and to fear notning cx-
* cept cowardica to be governed bv your
* admirations ratKer tKan bv vour dis-
gusts; to covet notning mat Is your ncig_
except Kis kinmicss or Kearf and.
^gentleness or manners; to tkinkseldonv
of vour GnemiGS^ often of- vour finenas
and Gverv dav or Clirist; and. to spend,
as much tirtie as you ccax vritk ooiy
^arulKvin\ spirit, in God.'s out-of-doors^
mesc
esc are tne little ffuidc— -posts on tkc
little gui
foot-patn to

€5

h.

By C. L. Cook of the Ha ng Studio, Chicago, III.


30 f!^J3^uJ/^t^^(^^^iu^i/^ ^
W. CARR
NEWS NOTES Henry J. Fitzpatrick, a graduate of
Boston University, is a new commer-
cial teacher in the Albany, N. Y., High
H.
On May 20 H. W. Carr, age 43, Su-
pervisor of Writing in New Castle,
Mrs. Edith J. Carpenter, last year
commercial teacher in the Perry, N. School. Pa., passed away. Death was caused
Y., High School, will teach next year Miss Lillian Mahaney of High Bridge, by a cerebral hemorrhage and a stroke
in the Hieh School at Rutland, Ver- N. J., is a new commercial teacher in of paralysis, probably the result of
mont. the Perth Ambov, N. J., High School. being struck by an automobile some
The Buckhannon, W. Va., High School montlis previous.
Miss Sarah Blakely of Fayetteville, has engaged Miss Rutli Morton as a Mr, Carr has been a very successful
Tenn., is a new commercial teacher in
commercial teacher. supei-visor of writing in the public
the Helena, Ark., High School. Miss Marguerite E. Waldron will schools of New Castle for three years
Miss Marguerite Hussey, Mr. James teach commercial subjects in the Sil- and also in the schools of New Wil-
Comiskey, and Mr. John Connors are ver Springs, N. Y., High School. mington, Pa. Before going to New
new commercial teachers in the High G. F. Waltz has charge of the Com- Castle Mr. Carr was Supervisor of
School at New Bedford, Mass. mercial Department of the McCann Penmanship and Art in the Bucyrus,
George M. Martin, who spent last year School of Business, Reading, Pa. Ohio, Schools for twelve vears.
in the Zanerian College of Penman-
Miss Lila W. Brock goes to the Pas- The BUSINESS EDUCATOR, the
ship, Columbus, Ohio, is now located saic, N. J., High School as teacher of Zanerian and penmanship teachers
with the Palmer School of Business, shorthand and typewriting. and friends generally mourn Mr.
Philadelphia, Pa., as one of the m- Miss Marian Readio is a new com- Carr's death and have lost a loyal
structors in the commercial depart- mercial teacher in the Commercial and hearty supporter.
ment. High School at Providence, R. I. We became very well acquainted
Mr. Neilson, last year with the Cen- with Mr. Carr, for he attended the
Mr. W. A. Botts, of the Tyler Com- tral Village, Conn., High School, is a Zanerian College of Penmanship a
mercial College, Tyler, Texas, and his new commercial teacher in the Stone- number of times along with his broth-
brother, P. A. Botts, have purchased ham, Mass., High School. er, R. W. Carr, who is now supei-visor
the Davenport Business School at Miss Edythe Breen is to have charge of writing in Parkersburg, W. Va.
Guthrie, Oklahoma. The school will Department of the
of the Secretarial Mr. Carr was well liked by the pu-
be run under the name of the Guthrie Davenport-McLachlan Institute, Grand pils and teachers.
Business College. We wish these _
Rapids, Mich.
brothers much success in their new Miss Barnes, of Summit, N. J is a , The Mountain State Business C^ollege,
work. new commercial teacher in the Glenn Parkersburg, West Virginia, Mr. A.
Miss Agnes V. Dugan is a new com- Ridge, N. J., High School. G. Sine, President, is sending out a
mercial teacher in the Methuen, Mass., very attractive and interesting cata-
High School. MULTUM IN PARVO
nship Made Easy"
log. It contains forty-four pages
the sanest
is xo\ 9x12 and is illustrated with many half-
Miss Minnie C. Buschmann will teach to good penmanship ever put in print. Sold
tone cuts showing views of the insti-
in the Westfield, Conn High School ,
an absolute fruarantee. Say "Mail Particulars
H. M. HILL. Supervisor of Writing. tution, photographs of former stu-
handling commercial subjects. Columbia, S. C, Box 725. dents, etc,
The Wellfleet, Mass., High School will
Mr. Sine has long been engaged in
have as a commercial teacher. Miss the school business and has succeeded
Lillian Syring. in building up one of the well known
The Mishawaka, Ind., High School will schools in this country. He is to be
have Miss Beulah Buchanan as a new Get a High School Course in Business Writ-
congratulated on his success.
teacher of shorthand and typewriting. ing at home. The copies and instructions are
We also wish to congratulate Mr.
the same I use in class room %vorl<. The Orna- S. B. Johnson, penman of that insti-
B. B. Ford is a new commercial

LEARN DIPLOMA-ENGROSSING
^
teacher in the Steubenville, Ohio, High
School.
mental Course includes Lettering and Script.
Send 25c for a dozen cards written in assorted
styles.
312 S. Lorraine
A. L. HICKMAN,
WICHITA. KANS.
tution, on the effective style of writ-
ing in which he is addressing the
catalogs.

Ijy Mail. Earn 10 to 25 dollars per day.


Com- NAME CARDS 35c doz.; Address 10c extr
LEARN ENGROSSING
lo-lesson course. $5.0(1. Clarence C. doz. Courses in Business and O
plete
. French <de 1' Academic des Beaux-Arts. Paris). Writing. Diploma Filling a specialty in your spare time at home.
Engrosser . Address Box 119. Saugatuck. Mich. Thirty Lesson Plates and
Printed Instructions mailed

C A RDS to any address on receipt of


two dollars. Cash or P. O.
Money Order.
ORNAMENTAL 35c doz.
SAMPLES 15c p. W. COSTELLO
J. R. McAllister. Penman. Engr r. Illuminator and
Struthcrs, Ohio. NEW CASTLE, PA. Designer
n'on Real Estate Bldg.
SCRANTON. PA.

F. E. PERSONS. Penmanship Spec'alist.


nany penholders on the market: hut the MAGNUSSON PROFES- 400 Forest Ave.. BUFFALO. N. Y.
SIONAL the only penholder that has won iLs reputation on its own merit for
is Finest Glossy Black Ink M' pt. mailed safely
;

ornamental writing. The thin stem which is so desirable cannot be made suc- ?1.00. For your Scrapbook Flourish on Canary
:

automatie lathe, therefore they are HAND MADE


of selected rosewood. (Look Ripple paper letter size 50c. 12 beautiful sig-
I). The A. "Magnusson Professional" hand turned holders are adju.sted especially natures on large cards 50c. Written Letter
lip. S inch plain, each 35c; 8 inch inlaid, 76c; 12 inch plain, 75c: 12 inch SOc, all three $1.25. Also Blank Cards, finest
written cards, text lettering, etc. Mail courses,
A. MAGNUSSON, 208 N. 5th STREET, QUINCY, ILL. pr'ce lists of above 2c. Checks receiced also ;

2c U. S. stamps.

A PROFITABLE VOCATION
Learn to lette.' I'li.e Tickets anil Shew Cards. It is easy do RAPID, CLEAN CUT LET-
I.,

TERING with our imiirovd Uttering Pens. MANY .STUDKNTS ARE ENABLED TO CON-
TINUE THEIR STUDIES THROU(;H THE COMPENSATION RECEIVED BY LETTERING
PRICE TICKETS AND SHOW CARDS. KOK THE SMALLER MERCHANT. OUTSIDE OF
SCHOOL HOURS. Practical lettering outfit consisting of 3 Marking and 3 Shading Pons, 1
color of Lettering Ink. sample Show Card in colors, instructions, figures and al|ihabets
nrenaid $100.- PRACTICAL
— COMPENDIUM OF COMMERCIAL PEN LETTER-
ING AND DESIGNS 100 Pages Xxll. contain-
ing 122 i,latps of Commercial Pen alphabets LEARN AT HOME DURINtJ SPARE TIME
finished Show Cards in colors, etc.— a complete
Write for book, "How to Hecomc a Good Pen-
instructor for the Marking and Shading Pen,
man," and l>eautiful specimens. Free. Your
prepaid. One Dollar. name on card ifyou enclose stamp. P. W.
The Newton Automatic Shading Pen Company Dopt. B PONTIAC, MICH., U. S. A. TAMBLYN, 406 Ridge Bldg., Kansas City, Mo.
f^i^f^^Uii/n^^£'^/!fu^i^^ ^
ve been engaged for these high -school Perth Amboy. N. J. (three
HIGH GRADE season) Al-
: bany. N. Y. (two this sca-
and for the McCann School
SINCE JULY
DIPLOMASan- York City.
TeSdinI- P^a!

MAY WE HELP YOU?


1 and the Wood School, New

CERTinCATES. THE NATIONAL COMMERCIAL TEACHERS AGENCY


(A Specialty by a Specialist)
,5^>— E. K. (iAYLORD, Mffr. Prospect Hill. Bcve

Cataloff

HOWARD & BROWN


and Sampks Free

ROCKLAND, MAINE.
i)f
OUR ILLUSTRATED CATALOG
fine penmanship supplies and publications
WE SPEt lALIZE
Commercial
ship Teachers.
and
in

.Send your
placing
Penman-
will be sent you free for the asking. You
application in now. Registration
should see ours before buying elsewhere. FREE.
Home Study —Free Tuition THE ZANER-BLOSER CO. The Commercial Service Agency
Hiph School. Normal. Business. Law. Ci Columbus, Ohio. p. (). Box 618 ST. LOUIS. MO.
Service. Enpineering, Drawing:. Dome^
Science. Salesmansiiip and ColleBiate cour
thoroug-hly taught by maih Typewriting cou
TEACHERS' AGENCY
ALBERT
free of tuition.
Apply, Carnegie College, Roger Ohii
25 E. Jackson Blvd., Chicago
We need at times many well
INTERESTED in purcha.<^e
Fortieth year.
COMMERCIAL BRANCHES.
Manager looks after this work.
all
Salaries pood. In
Write for informat
of small business school Eastern
Coast States.
OTHER OFFICES:
437 F;flh Av Bldg.. Denver Peyton Bldg., Spokane
Address Box 57.5, care
THE BUSINESS EDUCATOR,
Columbus, Ohio. LARGEST TEACHER PLACEMENT WORK IN THE U. S.
Under One Management— Direction of E. E. Olp. 28 E. Jackson Blvd.. Chicago.

ENGROSSER
with tion
would consider connec-
established studio, or partner-
FISKTEACHERS AGENCY, 28 E. Jackson Blvd, Chicago. Allilated olficers in principal cities.
ship. All-around man of exceptional ability. NATIONAL TEACHERS AGENCY, Southern Bldg., Washington; Security Bldg., Evenston, III.
Eighteen years' experience. AMERICAN COLLEGE BUREAU, Chicago Temple, Chicago; 1254 Amsterdam Ave., NewYoik.
Box 576, care THE BUSINESS EDUCATOR,
Columbus, Ohio. EDUCATION SERVICE, 1254 Amsterdam Ave., New York; 19 South laSalle Street, Chicago.

FOR SAI F Well-equipped, old school


rUIV OALE,
Owner retiring.
in N
E. city of 130 000.
Address X. Y. Z., Lock
POSITIONS FOR TEACHERS-
Box 107. Providence. R. I. BUSINESS COLLEGES FOR SALE
Splendid salaries, choice positions, beginning
Write for free literature state qualifications
:

colleges for sale. Write for particulars no cl —


CARDWRITERS & PENMEN ,\ddress M. S. COLE. Sec'y.

BLANK CARDS— Lodge emblem, comic, kid CO-OPERATIVE INSTRUCTORS' ASS'N, 41 Cole Bldg., MARION, IND.
finish, linen, These cards are the
tinted, etc.
best on the market. Samples. 10 cents.
XMAS CARDS:— Ready by October 1st.
PRINTING FOR PENMEN. A SPECIALTY. Calls For Commercial Teachers From 38 States!
F. N. LAWRENCE. Portland, Indiana.
Our present list of high school and business college open-
"HOW TO SELL"
— ings for commercialmen and women includes calls from
The Money Makers' Magazine "The Main En-
trance to Successful Selling." when
Tells how, Other calls are being received daily
thirty-eight states.
and what to sell. Puts vou in touch with fa.st-
est selling lines and hundreds of reliable manu- and within a few weeks every state will be represented.

facturers many of whom require no previous
experience. Famous contributors "brass ; If you want a place now or in September, write for an
tacks" departments interviews with successful
No
;

men and women. Jl.on a year. Special com- enrollment blank today. enrollment fee.
bination price with "The Business Educator"
both for $1.50.

Department
Sample copy free.
HOW TO SELL
B. E., 443 S. Dearborn
CONTINENTAL TEACHERS' AGENCY
Chicago. Illinois
St.,
BOWLING GREEN KENTUCKY
MANAGER WANTED— An experi-
enced, wide awake manager and
teacher for a long established and suc-
cessful Business College in a Middle
University of Pittsburgh, Indiana, Pa., State
West city. An attractive proposition Normal, and high schools in Detroit, Des
and permanent connection for the
right man Address Box 574, care Moines, and other good cities, have selected
Business Educator, Columbus, Ohio. our candidates for the present school year.
Emergency vacancies for commercial teachers
FOR RENT are constantly on file. If available, now or
SPACE FOR A BUSINESS COLLEGE later, be sure to notify us.
12300 Sq. Ft.—entire fifth floor of Suffern
BIdg., in heart of Waterloo. Iowa. Steam
Heat. Elevator Service. Was Business Col-
lege location for 12 years until recently.
cellent location. Reasonable rent.
Ex- THE SPECIALISTS' EDUCATIONAL BUREAU
SUFFERN TRUST CO.
ROBERT A. GRANT, President, Odeon Bldg., St. Louis, Mo.
WATERLOO, IOWA.

;:

^^J<3(SuJ//t^i^^'^(/iu^e^^ ^
BOOK REVIEWS Contributions to Education, Volume
One, bv J. Carleton Bell, College of
Our readers are interested in books of merit, the City of New York. Published
Gillott's Pens but especially in books of interest and value
to commercial teachers, including books of
special educational value and books on busi-
by The World Book
Yonkers-on-Hudson, New
Company,
York.
Cloth cover, 364 pages.
The Most Perfect of Pens ness subjects. All such books will be briefly
reviewed in these columns, the object being to
give sufficient descrijition of each to enable To further among teachers the discussion of
our readers to determine its value. educational aims and to promote the scientific
measurement of results in the classroom, the
Freedom Through Right Thinking, by New York Society for the Experimental Study
of Education was organized in 191S. In con-
Lewis C. Strang. Published by the formity with its purposes the Society has un-
Roland Publishing Company, New dertaken to issue from time to time a series
of volumes on Contribution to Education. This
York. Cloth cover, 287 pages. is Volume One.
The contents of this book are as follows: The purpose of the Society is the encour-
Practical Aspects of Metaphysics God as a ; agement of experimental studies in all aspects
Theory and as a Reality Mental Initiative and
;
of education, the awakening of interest in the
Organization Man the Knower of the Truth
; :
experimental method of attack on educational
Dominion Through Individuaity The Problem ;
liroblems, and the dissemination of information
No. 601 E. F. Magnum Quill Pen of Salvation The Real and the Apparent
:
regarding the results of experimental studies."
The Universe We Live In Evolution. Spiritual ; Thirty-two subjects are discussed in this
and Material Correspondences. Consciousness volume, all of which are of interest to teachers
Thought Transference and Sin Clairvoyance :
and students of educational subjects. We men-
Pens stand in the front rank as re-
Gillott's and Phychic Phenomena The Nature and ;
tion a few: Tests for Children of Kindergarten
gards Temper, Elasticity and Durability. Seeming Reality of Evil Sensuality, Supersti-
; Age An Experiment in the Supervision of
:

tion and False Law Ecclesiasticism and Ma-


; Handwriting: Vocabularies of School Pupils;
JOSEPH GILLOTT & SONS teria Medica
Purposes
Metaphysical Healing and Its
:

Healing Methods and the Law of


;
Some Educational Outcomes Yet to be Meas-
ured Some Results of Phychological Tests.
:

Healing The Good and the Bad of Diagnosis


SOLD BY ALL STATIONERS
;

The Practice of Mental Healing The Attain-


:
No doubt teachers and educators generally
will wish to read each volume as issued by this
;

ment and Use of Freedom.


Society, so as to keep informed on what it is
iplishing in the educational field.
Alfred Field & Co.. Inc., Sole Agents
Credits and Collections, by Richard P.
93 Chambers St. NEW YORK CITY Ettinger and David E. Golieb, Pub-
lished by the Prentice-Hall Com- The Alphabet in Pictures and Jingles,
pany, New York City, N. Y. by H. P. Greenwall, Western State
Normal School, Kalamazoo. Pub-
THE AMERICAN PENMAN This book is adopted as the Standard Text
by the National Association of Credit Men. lishedby the C. H. Barnes & Com-
America's Handwriting Magazine "Credits and Collections" supplies the facts pany, Kalamazoo, Mich. Paper
that show just when and when not to grant
Devoted to Penmanship and Commercial credit. It explains where to get infoi-mation
cover, 32 pages.
Education about those who apply for credit. And it tells
how This book is intended to help teachers make
Contains Lessons in to get inafter credit
the money
is
penmanship lesson more interesting to the
granted. The Book explains: The Theory the
Business Writing little tots. It shows, by comic pictures and
Accounting of Credit. Trade Acceptances and Other In-
struments of Credit. How to Obtain and rhymes, how to stress certain important parts
Ornamental Writing of letters. Teachers who use drawing ability
Lettering Analyze Credit Information. How to Analyze
Financial Statements, Procedure in Bankruptcy to drive home the things which they are teach-
Engrossing
Articles on the Teaching and Proceedings, and Credit Safeguards. ing will find this booklet full of suggestions.
Supervision of Penmanship.
Yearly subscription price $1.25. Special Business Cases and Problems, by Leon
club rates to schools and teachers. Sample
Carroll Marshall and Others. Pub- Advertising Procedure, by Otto Klepp-
copies sent on request.
lished by The University of Chi- ner. Published by the Prentice-
THE AMERICAN PENMAN cago Press, Chicago, 111. Cloth Hall, Inc., New York. Cloth cover,
J5 Fifth Avenue NEW YORK cover, 363 pages. 539 pages.

For more than a decade this series of busi- This is a thorough manual explaining in
Mr. Eugene Lackey of Bulil, Idaho, i.s ness cases and problems has been developing a simple way the creation and presentation of
a new commercial teaclier in the advertising ideas. Illustrated by specific ex-
in the School of Commerce and Administra-
tion of the University of Chicago. In this amples and specially prepared drawings.
Idaho Technical In.stitute at Poca-
volume, ten actual, concrete cases are offered The table of contents includes: The Ad-
tello. as material to be used in the discussion method vertising Spiral The Specific Purposes of Ad- ;

of i>resentation. They cover a wide field vertising The Copy Approach Developing the
: ;

from the problems of marketing a new prod- Copy ; in Copy


Finer Slogans The
Points : ;

uct to those involved in financing a concern ABC Trade-Marks: Visualizing the Idea;
of
through bond issues. This book will be use- Layouts The Advertisement in Print
;
En- ;

ful to students of business and to instructors graving for the Advertising Man Newspa- ;

in various business courses, from organization pers Magazines


;
Outdoor Advertising Car ; ;

of administration to bank management. Cards Dealer Display Advertising Packages


; ; ;

Advertising Research The Transforming Idea ; ;

The Complete Campaign The Advertising Or- ;

The Awakening of the East,


Political ganization Improving the Procedure and
:

Glossary of Procedure Advertising Abbrevia-


by George Matthew Dutcher, Red- tions Reading Suggestions and Bibliography;
;
:

ding Professor of History, Wes- Appendix- of Useful Tables; Index.


cjpecial a//en6on given leyan University. Published by the
Abingdon Press, New York City.
reproduclHon ofScript
'(o
Cloth cover, 322 pages. Mathematics of Accounting, by Cur-
and 'Penmanship Copies The peoples of the Ea.st consider them- tis and Cooper. Published by the
selves inno way inferior to those of the West, Prentice-Hall, Inc., New York. Cloth
hut they arc awakening to a realization that cover, 397 pages.
they have fallen behind in the march of prog-
En^ravin^ Co. ress. Conserjuently they are imdcrtaking their
own modernization in order to regain actual how
The first part of this useful manual shows
to save time in balancing accounts, figur-
equality with the great nations of the West.
ing exchange, turnover, gross profit, discounts,
Engra-vers Modern means of transportation, modern agri- interest, partial payments, stoi'age, good-will
culture, modern factories, expanding com-
Designers m-^rcp. improved sanitation, systems of univer-
and other problems.
The second part takes up. in detail, short-
' Illastrators sal i»rimary education, higher institutions of
learning, the emancipation of women, move- cut methods of computing compound interest,
ments for social welfare are transforming the ordinary and special annuities, interest, bond _

valuation, depreciation, depletion and other


Colurabus. Ohio East. Egypt. India, and the Philippines seek
national self-government China is struggling
;
computations.
for a unified republic; Japan is striving Each point is illustrated by one or more
against militarist domination all desire a full ; actual examples expressed in arithmetic or in
measure of democracy. The leaven of progress the simplest elementary algebra.
is Christianity. A time saver in accounting: work.
— ;;

f^^^UiU/t^M^^ic/iua/h^ ^ 33

Effective Collection Letters, by Tre- Economic Geography, Volume I, by Purchasing Principles and Practices,
goe and Whyte. Published by the Jones & Whittlesey. Published by by John C. Dinsmore, Ph. B. Pub-
Prentice-Hall Company, New York lished by the Prentice-Hall
The University of Chicago Press. Com-
City, N. Y. pany, New York City, N. Y. Cloth
Over 300 choice dependably successful col- Economic activities are so closely related to cover, 295 pages.
lection letters, picked from ail types of busi- the natural environment that all students of
nesses all over the counti-y. Both wholesale the present-day organisation of society find a The table of contents of this book is as fol-
letters and retail letters. Letters to meet lows Introduction and Sources of Informa-

:

practically every collection situation to handle knowledge of geography essential.


economic tion ;Factors in Price Changes A Typical :

successfully every type of debtor. Enlisht- The survey of world economic


geography pre- Purchasing Department Qualifications for ;

ening comments by the authors on each si>e- sented in this voluma has been prepared par-
Success The Ethics of the Profession
: The ;

cific letter. The entire basis of successful col- Mechanics of the Profession Modern Cata- ;

lection letter writing is explained in the text. ticularly for the student of business and for logues and Files Relation to Other Depart- ;

One of the most practical aids offered collec- the general student who wishes to develop an ments The Function of Specifications Test-
: :

tion men in recent years. Includes exchange appreciation of the modern world. It covers
ing of Materials Stores Equipment and Func-
;

of correspondence between debtors. tions Purchase and Care of Office Eciuipment


;

the several elements of the natural environ- Budget Control of Purchases by Detailed Esti-
Developing Sales Personality, by —
ment climate, natural vegetation, land forms, mates Problems in Purchasing Lumber Pa-
:

per Paper Supplies Used in Creamery Indus-


:

soils, minerals, surface and ground waters, :

Elmer E. Ferris. Published by the size, shape, and location of areas— as they
try; Purchasing Automobile Tires Textile :

Prentice-Hall Company, New York affect human life, and especially economic life.
Purchasing Difficult The Purchase of Adver-
tising Problems in Copper and Brass Pur-
;

:
City, N. Y. The basic organization of this book is new chase of Machinei-y and Mine Equipment Coal
:

in economic geography. Each chapter is in for Steam or Heating Coal Analysis a Guide
;

Written primarily for busy salesmen and itself a world-wide survey of a single environ-
;

sales executives, it equally as interesting to


is
Only Technique of Coal Storing
; Problems
men in other occupations and professions
mental element or an intimately rslated group m Steel Buying Modern Foundry Supplies :
;

of elements. The treatment is threefold, in- Chicago Elevated Stores Department Salvage
whose duties bring them into contact with volving exercises, textual materials, and illus-
: ;

possible customers or clients. Now a Science Progress in Cooperative Buy-


;

trations. The manner of their use is un-'que ing Nostrums and Fancy Names Practical
The principles and programs outlined in in that each topic is approached through study
; ;

this book have been thoroughly tested in the Problems for Solution.
exercises.
field by the author, who was a successful sales-
man and sales manager for sixteen years be- Suggestions to teachers point out w-ays of
fore becoming Professor of Salesmanship at presenting the material. In mimeograph and Miss Hazel Trussel has been engaged
New York University. "Sales Personality" reprint form, the book has been tested over a to teach commercial work in the
closes many a sale. This book tells how to period of ten years in classes at the University
develop that quality. of Chicago. Emmetsburg, Iowa, High School.

DETECTION OF FORGERY. A treatise on the Establishment of Facts in HAVE YOU SEEN THE
Questioned Handwritinsr and Typewriting:, by Wm. Abel Weaver, Dallas,
Texas. Paper backed, 34 pages. (1925). JOURNAL OF COMMERCIAL
This offering of thirty-one pages of reading matter, of which one is the table EDUCATION?
of contents and five others are not more than half filled, is scarcely of suf- (formerly the Stenographer &
ficient extent to be called a book. It has no illustrations except the author's Phonographic World)
portrait on the first page. On these few pages thirty subjects are discussed,
A monthly magazine covering all depart-
ments of Commercial Education.
many of which would require most of the pages of the pamphlet if they were Strong departments presided over by well-
treated in a thorouo-h manner, yet the advertisement says: "Study this book, known teachers for those who teach any
branch of commercial education, including
become a real expert. In my book I tell you how to establish the facts in any business administration, accountancy, and
case." court reporting.
One who is familiar with the literature of disputed documents will recognize THE ONLY MAGAZINE OF ITS
at once the striking similarity in the ideas and language in this pamphlet and KIND PUBLISHED
Sinfile copy 15c. Annual subscription $1.50
portions of discussions of th" same subjects in ''Questioned Documents", a book Send for Sample Copy.
of 525 pages, by Albert S. Osborn, published in 1010.
JOURNAL OF COMMERCIAL EDUCATION
A few interesting quotations from the two publications, both copyrighted,
44 N. 4th St PHILADELPHIA. PA.
are here shown in parallel columns:
"A lawyer shou'd know at least enough of "He should at least know enough of the
the study of questioned documents to be able study of questioned documents to enable him
to determine with promptness and certainty to determine how far the investigation should
how far su-^h a subject of inquiry should be
carried." Osborn, p. XIX.
"Errors in the identification of handwrit-
ing are perhaps most frequently made by mis-
be carried." Weaver, p. 3.

"Errors are perhaps most frequently made


by mistaking certain system, or national, char-
Spencerian
ac'^erlstics for individual characteristics and
taking certain general system or national fea-
tures for individual characteristics and basing basing a conclusion thereon." Weaver, p. 6. School Pens
a conclusion thereon." Osborn, p. 206.
"Thes- muscular habits, as well as the "These i jsculnr habits. ell the Spencerian Steel Pens are
mental patterns, differ in a marked manner in tal patter differ in a marked manner in the best for schoolroom use
different individuals and this variation radi- d'fferent i: ividuals, and this variation greatly because they outwear any two
cally affects the visible result.'* Osborn, affects the vritten result." Weaver, p. 7. ordinary pens. They retain
p. 106. their smooth-writing points
nust. all its
longer against the misuse and
"* * * must in its various parts show par's, have that lack of evidence of attention hard wear that children put
that careless ab-^ndon, disregard of details and to the process of writing that careless aban-
:
upon pens. Children become
inattention to the writing process that is al- don, and disregard of detail which is one of better writers quickly with
ways one of th-" most forcible indications of the most forcible indications of genuineness." these good tools.
genuineness." Osborn. p. 251. Weaver, p. 23. For more than half a cen-
"Traced forgeries usually show hesitation. tur>' Spencerian Steel Pens
abnormal char g-es of direct! stent "A tracing will usually show hesitation, ab- have been the standard for
pen-pressure a nd I nnatural inovement nter- normal changes of direction and inconsistent
.ement interruptions to a greater extent school pens. Twelve school
ruptions in a
simulated forg ;ries.
pronounc d manner than

Osborn, p. 267. thi n a simulation." Weaver, p. 24. pens — three of each number
and our handwriting booklet
"The real expert, who is fact what the
i 1 "The real expert, who is in fact what the by mail on receipt of ten cents.
word irnplies, when j^uided and assisted by word implies, does not really give an opinion, Please mention this publica-
the con petent lawyer, will make the facts bu" facts which will themselves testify and
themselv es testify and stand a ^ silent but con- stand as silent but convincing witnesses lead- Spencerian Pen Company
vincine witnesses pointing- th e way to truth in.g the way to truth and justice." Weaver, 349 Broadway New York
nd justice." Osborn, p. XXIII. p. 30.
A'o. 1 —College, fine point;
double
A writer deeply absorbed in preparing a treatise on a technical subject may unconsciously
incorporate in it in his own words the thoughts and ideas of another author whose work he
A'o. 2 — elastic.
Vountina House.
excellent for bookkeep-
has^ carefully studied, or in rare instances, there even may be accidental coincidence of a few
words as well as of thought by two writers; but when in thirty-one pages there are more than School, fine point;
sixty "coincidences", such as have been quoted above, one naturally is forced to conclude that
the identities are not the result of accident.
^ult of changes in laws and procedure, this subject of disputed documents is of
much greater importan than it was a few years ago. and many students of handwriting are
becoming interested in and are looking for aid. It was perhaps in response to this demand
that this publication w offered to the public.
E. W. STEIN, Examiner of Questioned Documents,
407 Park Row Bldg.. 15 Park Row. New York.
^ ciiC^i^^u^'/t^M^isyiUkT^r' ^

PracticalBusinessEnglish LEARN COURT REPORTING


by W. L. Mason, for
High Schools of New
many years teacher in the
York City, now teacher in A Paying Profession
the Santa Monica (Cal.) High School.
12 Mo., 475 Pages, Price $2.00 /^^.EGG SCHOOL maintains a depart-
The author's years of experience in teaching ^-'
commercial correspondence have made him famil- ment and practice
of instruction
iar with both the needs and the limitations of which thoroughlj' prepares its students
boys and girls of high school age, and have en-
abled him to adapt the material in the book par- for actual court or convention reporting.
ticularly to those needs and limitations.
The outstanding features of the volume, among This course prepares for certified

many others, are the clearness, simplicity and
directness of its language —
its practical nature court reporter examinations. All grad-
as distinguished from many purely academic

treatments of the subject its teachability, a de- uates are employed making from $300.00
cided advantage from the teacher's point of view
— the great variety of subjects dealt with, up- a month and up.
wards of thirty different kinds of business let-
ters, as against twelve or fifteen in the average The department is in charge of expert
book on business correspondence the very com-— and experienced teachers and reporters.
plete lists of business terms, phrases, and abbre-
viations —
the practical application of the prin-
ciples of grammar —
the arrangement of the book
Write for more details
in the form of Lessons, sufficient for periods of
forty-five or fifty minutes each, rather than that
of Chapters and Exercises. A
book which can
be used with pleasure by both teacher and pupil.
Complete Educational Catalogue on request.
GREGG SCHOOL
SIX NORTH MICHIGAN AVENUE
G. P. PUTNAM'S SONS CHICAGO. ILLINOIS
Educational Department
2 West 45th St.

TENNESSEE BRUSHY MOUNTAIN PRISON


Wttli (Earp AND THF SOUTHERN CHAIN GANG
By JAMES ROBERTS
/(T E N T U R I E S ago
^^ Sensational but a remarkable manu-
monks often devoted a
lifetime to a manuscript, script, writes Prof. Lynch of Teacher Col-
their only thought being lege and a noted Educator of Springfield,
to make it beautiful and Mo., send me twelve more copies, I want
enduring.
to give them to my friends. I have read
Today, these old works
are still extant, and their it many times, writes George W. Brown,
writing clear. of Detroit, noted traveler and big game
Present-day engrossing hunter. The author tells you of many
may be given the .same
things far from the beaten path. The
charm of style and degree
of pemianencv bv the use Brushy Mountain Prison, the Siberia of
of America, The Turpentine Farms, Lumber
HIGGINS' Camps, and the Southern Chaingang, are
only a part of this interesting book, over
Engrossing Ink 200 pages bound in board $1.00, in paper
for diplomas, certificates,
cover 75 cents.
records, documents, a n d
all other places where per-
Write your name on the lines below, enclose
the price and a copv will be sent vou postpaid.
manent and waterproof
Taylor Prtg. & Publishing Co., Joplin, Mo.
(|ualities are desired.
Enclosed herewith is Please send me
CHAS. M HIGGINS & CO. copy of Tenn. Brushy Mountain Prison
271 Ninth M. Brooklyn, N. Y. and the Southern Chaingang. It is understood
that you are to refund my money if I am not sat-

HIGGINS' i.sfied.
Name
Address
W.ANTED: High class men and women
our publications to dealer, salary and expenses to
to sell

ENGROSSING INK begin, if interested give full information in first


letter.
!

^ .^J^uUn^iU^^^/iu^i/^ ^ 35

NOTICE ! !
Helpful Handwriting Devices
It is a pleasure to inform those who are interested in the
improvement of their penmanship, that 1 am in position to
receive a few more stuJents in this pleasing and useful ac-
complishment, which in its various modifications are peculiar-
ly adapted to ladies, gentlemen, scholars, men of business,
children, unskilled and professional penmen. Read Mr. Gilbert's Letter Below.

LESSONS BY MAIL
State Normal School,
Zanerian Method Arm Movement Writing Taught Mansfield, Pennsylvania.
Try a course of twelve lessons n business writing, orna- C. S. Gilbert,
lentai penmanship, or Engraver Script. and receive prac-
ical instruction on points that ill properly ass"st you in Lecturer Instructor.
lastering these very important anches of education.

TERMS REASONABLE February 4, 1925.

Engrossing I have made use of the Zaner Method Pen-


Addresses, Diplomas. Invitations,
manship Records in my classes with very pleasing
results. I consider them a most valuable device
" *Tis not by tongue alone we hear to supplement the teaching of writing.
The workings of the inner mind.
But through the pen so still, so clear (Signed) C. S. GILBERT,
The thoughts and images we find."
Director of Penmanship,
to write to me for further informati(
Mansfield State Normal School.

For further information address

Hammonton, New
501 Pleasant St.
NOTE: — Specimens of drawings, plain business writing,
Jersey.
The Zaner-Bloser Co.
ornamental penmanship, and Engraver's Script exe- PENMANSHIP PUBLISHERS,
cuted by students before and after taking these
courses may be seen at my office.
COLUMBUS, OHIO
Watch for advertisement in the October issue of the B. E.

CALLING CARDS WRITTEN BY


BE DISTINCTIVE
OLIVER P. MARKEN,
H
M.I.. O.
I VV AT TFR
TTfAl^II_rv 222 Portage Avenue
WINNEPFC, CAN.
WESTERN CANADA'S MASTER PENM.\N
Write to friends on your own 1816 Buchanan St. TOPEKA, KANSAS.
PERSONAL STATIONERY Ornamental 25c a dozen Will send you two pages of the finest com-
200 sheets paper, 100 envelopes to match, name bination ornamental signatures, business
and address printed. One Dollar. Script 35c a dozen
capitals, etc.. ever produced in Western
or one dozen of each style mixed Canada _ $0.50
PEN ART STUDIO Set of business capitals and a forgery
proof signature of your name 20
PORTLAND, INDLYNA 3 dozen Visiting Cards _ 1.00
Samples of Penwork 20
No Free Specimens

ENGROSSING of Resolutions. Memorials.


Testimonials. Diploma filling a specialty, and
other classes including Show Card Writing in
EDWARD C. MILLS
every conceivable style of Pen Work. Also in- Script Specialists
struction in Engrossing and Penmanship
through correspondence. Send copy for esti- p. O. Drawer 982 ROCHESTER, N. Y.
mate. The finest script for Bookkeeping lUus-
t rations, etc., copy for which is prepared
PEARL DICKINSON, Dilworth, Minn. for the engraver. Send copy for estimate.

AN ORNAMENTAL STYLE. IWy course in


Ornamental Penmanship has helped hundreds
become PROFESSIONALS. Send for proof.
Your name on cards, (six styles) if you sentl
Before You Invest - Investigate 10c. A. P. MEUB, Expert Penman, 2365 Mar
Vlsla Ave., Pasadena, Cal.

LEARN PENMANSHIP BY MAIL


artainly i^^ a little king. It is undoubtedly the finest i>enholder on the market.
I have tried many of thorn, but have never bought one the equal of this little wonder. It is
truly the expert's penholder— maf!e by an expert penman who has proved himself an expert pen-
maker." Excerpt from a letter from PROF. R. R. REED, Penman, Ferris Institute. Big Rapids,
Rapids, Mich.
My catalog describing this excellent holder and other high grade materials for students,
ill be sent free. You should have a copy.
fclirr^
701 Metropolitan
R. C. KING, Life Bldg. Minneapolis, Minn. 1043 Maple Ave. EVANSTON, ILL.
: : : :

36 f^^^3^uJ//t^^£</iU^l^ ^

PENMANSHIP SUPPLIES
Prices subject to change without notice. Cash should accompany all orders.
All goods go postpaid except those listed to go by express, you to pay express charges. Of
course, when cheaper, goods Hsted to go by express will be sent by parcel post, if you pay
charges.

PENS PAPERS
Zanerian Fine Writer Pen No. 1. Zanerian 5 lb Paper (wide and narrow rule)
gr $1.75 U gr $ .50 1 doz $ .20 1 pkg. of 240 sheets by express $1.50
Zanerian Ideal Pen No. 2, Zanerian Medial
Zanerian 6 lb Paper (wide and narrow rule)
Pen No. 3, Zanerian .Standard Pen No. 4,
1 pkg. of 240 sheets by express $2.00
Zanerian Falcon Pen No. 5, Zanerian Busi-
ness Pen No. 6. Zanerian 7 lb Paper (wide rule)
gr % gr 1 doz 1 pkg. of 240 sheets by express $2.25
$1.25 $ .40 $ .15
Special prices in quantities. We also handle Zanerian Azure (Blue) Paper:
Gillott's, Hunt's, Spencerian and Esterbrook's 1 pkg. of 240 sheets by express $2.00
pens. Write for prices. Zaner Method No. 9 Paper (fs in. rule, SxlO'/z)
Broad Pointed Lettering Pens. 1 pkg. of 500 sheets, not prepaid $ .85
Complete set (12 pens) $0.35 100 sheets by mail postpaid 50
doz. single pointed pens 15 Zaner Method No. 15 Paper (% in. rule,
doz. double pointed pens 30 8x10 '/i):
doz. single pointed, any No 25 1 pkg. of 500 sheets, not prepaid $1.50
doz. double pointed, any No 60

PEN HOLDERS INKS


Zanerian Fine Art Oblique Holder, Rosewood: Zanerian India Ink:
11% inches $1.25 8 inches $1.00 1 bottle $ .40 1 doz. bottles express....$4.00
Zanerian Fine Art Straight Holder, 8 inches. $1-00 1 bottle Zanerian Gold Ink 25
Zanerian Oblique Holder, Rosewood: 1 bottle Zanerian White Ink 30
IVA inches $ .75 8 inches $ .65 Arnold's Japan Ink:
Zanerian Expert Oblique Holder, T/z inches: 1 bottle, 4 oz. postpaid $ .50
only .20 doz. ..$1.25 $6.50 1 pint by express 75
doz. .75 gr . 3.50 1 gr. .12.00 1 quart by express 1.15

Excelsior Oblique Holder, 6 inches: Zanerian Ink Powder:


1 quart package $ .30
only $ .15 1 doz $1.20 V2 gr $5.50
doz. .70 Vi gr 3.00 1 gr .10.00 6 packages or more, per pkg., net 22 '4
Zanerian Ink Tablets (both red and black)
Zaner Method Straight Holder, T'/j inches:
1 quart box, 32 tablets $ .30
1 only $ .15 1 doz $ .90 Ik gr $4.00
6 boxes or more, per box 22 V2
V2 doz 50 Vi gr 2.50 1 gr 7.50
1 Triangular Straight Holder, T\ inches $0.25
1 Correct Holder, hard rubber, 6% inches 25
FINE WHITE CARDBOARD
1 Hard Rubber Inkstand 70 White Wedding Bristol: Size 22x28:
1 Good Grip Penpuller 10 6 sheets, postpaid $ .90
1 Inkholder for Lettering 10
12 sheets, postpaid 1.65
CARDS 2 sheets by mail, postpaid 50
White, black ana six different colors:
100 postpaid, 30ci 500 express (.shipping weight
LARGE SHEETS OF PAPER
2 lbs.), $1.00; 1000 express (shipping weight
4 lbs ), $2.00.
Zanerian, 16x21 — 32 lb. (smooth surface):
6 sheets by mail, postpaid $ .50
Flourished Design Cards:
20 sheets by mail, postpaid 1.50
Witli space for name. Two different sets of 12
<>ach. Every one different. Ledger, 16x21 —
30 lb. (smooth hard surface):
2 sets, 24 cards.. ..$ .20 6 sets, 72 cards $ .40 by mail, postpaid
6 sheets $ (i5
3 sets, 36 cards 25 12 sots, 144 cards .70 12 sheets by mail, postpaid 1.10

Write for complete Penmanship supply Catalog

THE ZANER-BLOSER CO., Penmanship Specialists, Columbus, Ohio


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mWM OCTOBER,
lUHr^lllllll^1i VOL. XXXI 1925 NUMBER 2

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^^J^uJ//i^^<^^/iu^i^r^ ^

A WorXdi^ide Triumph

THE success of the New


Remington Standard 12 is
testify
machine
that
it is
as a "teaching"
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universal. It extends over the is simple; it is strong; it will

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includes every kind and char- swift, light running, and easy

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houses, large and small, and helps the operator to turn out
business schools everywhere good work. The writing ma-
agree that this NewRemington chine which combines all of
is the greatest value among these qualities is the natural
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and students wherever type-
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REMINGTON TYPEWRITER COMPANY


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Branches Everytvhere

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ditions.
See It
This system transfers to the class roi
The student fills positions
BUYER
SALES MANAGER
AND
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Free Agents,

A
plishes result
Send for our
to

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Bookkeeping- System:
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and Examination
The technique accom-
Copies of our
p Always a FRESH
ELLISPUBLISHINGCOMPANY
Educational Publishers.
Battle Creek MICHIGAN

New Edition
Metropolitan By U. G. Potter
Metropolitan Sr^''""
McKinley High School ^^ ^ ^heaffer
Business Chicago
System of
Speller Bookkeeping
Over 6000 words. New lessons containing words pertaining You Will Like It. The text emphasizes the thought side o£
to Aeroplanes, Radio, Automobiles, etc. Complete Index, 244 the subject. It stimulates and encourages the reasoning pow-
pages, attractive binding, 50 cents. er of the pupil. Pupils acquire a knowledge of the subject as
well as facility in the making of entries. It is a thoroughly
A Superior Speller seasoned, therefore accurate, text supported by complete
Teachers' Reference Books, and Teachers' Manual.
Twofold Design. In the preparation of the Metropolitan
Business Speller we had constantly in mind two objects: Parts I and II text is an elementary course suitable for
first, to teach the pupil to spell, and second to enlarge his any school in which the subject is taught. Two semesters
vocabulary, especially of words in general use. are required in High Schools and a correspondingly shorter
Classification of Words. As an aid to the memory we have time in more intensified courses.
classified words, as regards sounds, syllabication, accents and
We have grouped the words relating to each par- Parts III and IV text is suitable for an advanced course
ticular kind of bu into lessons, by which the student is following any modern elementary text. We make the state-
enabled to famili: ?:e himself with the vocabulary of that ment without hesitation, that this is the most teachable,
business. We ha interspersed miscellaneous exercises in most up-to-date, and strongest text published for advanced
the nature of We have grouped words that can best bookkeeping and elementary accounting use.
be learned by comparisons such as Stationery and Stationary,
Corporation-Mfg. -Voucher unit is bound in heavy paper
Abbreviations of states months, railways and commercial covers and contains all of Part IV. It is a complete course
terms are given in regular lesson form, and grouped alpha- in Corporation accounting including instructions, set of
betically. We regard abbreviating of almost equal impor- transactions, exercises, problems, etc. It is without doubt
tance with spelling. the best text for this part of your accounting course. List
Syllabication and pronunciation are shown by the proper prices, Text. 120 pages, 40 cents. Supplies, including Blank
division of words, and the use of the diacritical marks. The Books and Papers. 95 cents.
words are printed in bold type, and the definitions in lighter
face, so as to bring out the appearance of the word, —
an aid
EXAMINATION COPIES will be submitted upon request.
in sight spelling.

METROPOLITAN TEXT BOOK COMPANY CHICAGO


^ '^J^^u^'/iedS'd^^i^iu^i/ir' ^

Gregg School Student Wins


Amateur Championship
In the speed contests of the National which
C. Finley also qualified in this test,
Shorthand Reporters' Association held at was for five minutes, at the rate of 150
Omaha, August 17, 1925, Mr. Harvey J. words a minute on literary matter.
Kittleman, a student in the Reporting- De- The Gregg Reporting Department is in
partment of Gregg School, won the Ama- charge of Miss Helen W. Evans, who quali-
teur Championship, making only seven fied on the 200 and 240-word takes in the
errors. Mr. Harold E. Brandenburg, an- world's championship tests. Every grad-
other Gregg student, won the Profes- uate is actively engaged in court or gen-
sional Championship, with but two erroi's. eral reporting and making a good income.
Three other students of the Reporting Students may enroll any week in either
Department, Miss Charlotte Lenore Lewis, the day or evening sessions. Write now
Mr. W. Virgil Kittleman, and Mr. Leslie for particulars.

Six
GREGG SCHOOL
North Michigan Avenue Chicago, IlHnois

Used in OflFices I'sed in Schools

BUSINESS MEN prefer this penholder be- GIRLS AND BOYS in school like to write
cause every hand; keeps ink off
it fits with this penholder because it fits tlie hand
fingers, encourages restful position of hand and keeps the thumb and first finger in the
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in writing. If you give this penholder a
week's trial on your desk, you will prefer
TEACHERS with pupils in their classes
who do not like to practice handwriting
it to all others. Send for your sample should provide them with a Zaner & Bloser
today. Penholder and watch the results.

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THE ZANER & BLOSER COMPANY, COLUMBUS, OHIO
^ ^!^^r3^ud/n^U^^;^iua^

Gregg Shorthand Wins Again


Martin J. Dupraw, youthful Gregg writer, and
holder of the New York State Shorthand Cham-
pionship, won the National Shorthand Report-
ers' Association World's Championship Cup at
Omaha, Nebraska, on August 17. By transcrib-
ing the three championship tests with a total of
but three errors, Mr. Dupraw established an ac-
curacy record of 99.91 ^c perfect.

Charles L. Swem, World's Champion for 1923 and 1924, won


second place with but ten errors.

By writing 3,445 words in fifteen minutes at speeds ranging


from 198 to 258 words a minute, and transcribing their notes
with but three and ten errors respectively, Mr. Dupraw and Mr.
Swem set new marks for accuracy at these speeds.
MARTIN J. DUPRAW
Gregg Writer Wins Amateur Championship
Hai-\'ey Kittleman,a student in Gregg School, Chicago, won the Amateur Championship at 150 words
a minute with but seven errors.
Harold Brandenberg, a Gregg writer, won first place in the professional event dictated at 150
words a minute with but two errors.
Helen W. Evans, Head of the Expert Department of Gregg School, Chicago, won certificates at 200

and 233 words a minute the highest record ever made by a regular classroom teacher.

Three World's Champions


Gregg Shorthand the only system that has produced three world's champions in the contests of
is
the National Shorthand Reporters' Association since these contests began in 1909, the championship cup
having been won bv Albert Schneider in 1921, bv Mr. Swem in 1923 and 1924, and by Mr. Dupraw in
1925.
Mr. Schneider, who studied Gregg Shorthand in the New York High School of Commerce, is now a
member of the shorthand reporting staff of United States Congress. Mr. Dupraw, who also studied
Gregg shorthand in the same school, is a student in New York University.

Your Students, Too, Can Win


Your students, too, can win with Gregg Shorthand because it is easier to learn, easier to write,

easier to read and is the swiftest of all systems.

Standard American System


Gregg Shorthand the standard American system, and is taught in more than 9390 of all the high
is
schools in the United States that teach shorthand. In the private schools of the country "shorthand" and
"Gregg" are almost synonomous.

Write for Free Teacher's Correspondence Course.

The Gregg Publishing Company


New York Chicago Boston San Francisco London
^ ^^^'^uJ/zt^i'^deua^h^

TENNESSEE BRUSHY MOUNTAIN PRISON


AND THE SOUTHERN CHAIN GANG
By JAMES ROBERTS
Sensational but a remarkable manu-
script, writes Prof. Lynch of Teacher Col-
lege and a noted Educator of Springfield,
Mo., send me twelve more copies, I want
to give them to my friends. I have read
it many times, writes George W. Brown,
of Detroit, noted traveler and big game
hunter. The author tells you of many
things far from the beaten path. The
Brushy Mountain Prison, the Siberia of
BLISS-ALGER America, The Turpentine Farms, Lumber
Camps, and the Southern Chaingang, are
Bookkeeping and Accounting only a part of this interesting book, over
200 pages bound in board $1.00, in paper
cover 75 cents.
mstruct.on a pleasure. Exceedingly interfsting Write your name on the lines below, enclose
to thL student!
the price and a copy will be sent you postpaid.
Three Systems Taylor Prtg. & Publishing Co., Joplin, Mo.
Enclosed herewith is Please send me
ACTUAL BUSINESS (with offices) copy of Tenn. Brushy Mountain Prison
FOLDER (like above, without offices) and the Southern Chaingang. It i.s understood
CORRESPONDENCE that you are to refund my money if I am not sat-
i.sfied.
For High Schools. Business Schools or any
teaching Bookkeeping. Text and outfit sent to
institution Name
teachers for
examination. Mention school connection.
Address
WANTED: High class men and women to sell
BLISS PUBLISHING CO. our publications to dealer, salary and expenses to
SAGINAW, MICH. begin, if interested give full information in fii'st
letter.

No twithsta n ding '""Z statements


contrary —
tlie OFFICIAL RECORDS in the National Shorthand Reporters' Championship to and in-

cluding the 1925 contest held 17th August are as follows:

roids per Writer


minute System Errors Year
280 Nathan Behrin Isaac Pitman 7 1922
240 Nathan Behrin Isaac Pitman 8 1922
220 Solomon Powsner Isaac Pitman 10 1922
200 Martin DuPraw Gregg 1 1925
The World's Record in winning the Association Trophy at the three speeds set forth in
the rules as 200, 240, 280 (combined accuracy percentage in the same contest) is held by
Nathan Behrin with 19 errors, and was established at New London, Conn., U. S. A., in
1922 in the annual contest.
For verification of these records the address of the Secretary of the N. S. R. A. is : Mr. A.
C. Gaw, 368 Municipal Building, Elkhart, Indiana, U. S. A.

ISAAC PITMAN & SONS


WEST 45th STREET NEW YORK
,

THE BUSINESS EDUCATOR i


COLUMBUS, OHIO, OCTOBER, 1925

MR. BAIRD'S COURSE MR. MEADOWS SAYS:


IN LETTERING Please bear in mind that you write
We have four lessons in Broad Pen your own recommendation, figurative-
Lettering from W. A. Baird, the na- ly This applies from the
speaking.
tionally known engrosser of Chicago. time you first enter school until the
The first one will appear in the No- day you leave. In other words, you
vember number. It is some of the are judged by your personality, your 3^_<.t&r msn %.axt cxii'is. ii '^ fiii<'< mine.
finest work Mr. Baird ever executed application, your attitude, and your ^ 'ti £«p tEs fiortj/o^ m^4. in moit,
and contains four of the most modem pi'ogress. It, therefore, behooves you
,J'^n» hi tK< ani«& iriirashranf Ejh»««n.
alphabets used by engrossers. Get to watch your conduct at all times.
your pens and paper ready. Be friendly with your neighbor. If
he is in business, patronize him. It
Record of BUSINESS EDUCATOR is good business to do so, even though ?V>r Utfxn^ on of Kanij. nor fiofij.oil.

Certificates won by
the pupils of the he may be a little higher than some- !(%'1k tv.r^ tfc annointin., of .-^iV ^J«.
Minneapolis, Minn., Business College, one else. You may need his patron- '*»
afr oni .-o^c. an* ranC of PfrtE,
under the instruction of J. A. Buell. age, friendship, or help sometime. foifj fiin,^.

£Br afrtKj soiw of nwr. ar« sarj sf ^S"^-


Can any one beat it ? If you cannot say something good
about a person or thing, don't say any- >f(S^r Cimfs a Kijljar faf i* noCT^ £om
1908-9 44 1916-17 78
1909-10 59 1917-18 80 thing. Nobody loves a knocker. Be
1910-11 105 1918-19 127 enthusiastic and cheerful. It is the .
'tJKat maCis Kim CiSS or mon! JlTon yj^i a mon..
1911-12 126 1919-20 person who SMILES and has a pleas-
1912-13 99 1920-21
89
145 ant word that gets there that SUC- — iy* lofo m^ coifnKq an> Eor rylthouJ Ciuij

1913-14 103 1921-22 138 CEEDS. iC»> iari .'^ not' Ik«j> sifont oF 1".^ sin:

1914-15 Meadows
President of ,^ftjtiaft»r^«>om m'aif ITcr f.-fG rin^ tl3'a«.
66 1922-23 156 (Mr. is '
1915-16 48 1923-24 216 Draugnon's Business College, Schreve- .^ r.v, on. Vfomon vHE a Kofi, j^r*.
1924-25 224 port. La.)
rovjTJ as pnMt^s of n-.^M Cousj,
, Sl^fiom^
^iJf stpm^ TP. woniorin.^ aw* pofor* mi; FaRv
^di^iRij r.fu(ro'm« to a noOir C,f<

Creator of men's destinies, am I. I am the emancipator of woman- 3» Uy a faitKfuT fnir.i.-6p -itE n".:, fHoni

hood. I sit in King's palaces and at the table of diplomats. The i'Kom i:^:,a% ^ sor.^* foforc mij^ff
^5* focE mi, fijs too Ss^ to ..-puiir a lie.
wheels of industry move because of me. I open the doors of oppor- ;c)] vo^K imj (rani.* too vfiite +0 touch a fribe:

tunity to those who embrace me. I have given college educations to i^ 0W4 no man a icft^^ cannot pau-
'gixccj* tfc tove tfot m«n .«Eo-ul!> af^aifs o««
aspiring youth. I continue to help those who care to use me. Men
5i«itKar caclT iaif. Cif-re t(w ffisK» Coavcn
have traveled around the world through my efforts. Men who use me
^i,;* otun -vni* tK« cnomfcT of m« ^oul
become great authors, cabinet members and presidents. Wherever i^^^ frau \h.Ci^^iii.^Ms^ to «nt4r in
human speech is recorded I am there. Language is no barrier. I ^Rus rcai.F tfo fiir conf5«ioit of mi, faitp.
know them all and get them as rapidly as human tongue can utter -^o cro^scb vitR contraMction5 bir mi, fitc
,

them. I am everywhere men are civilized. I will be your best friend jfRiot now luaij &i^ J^rarva tf* \orirt«Ti ITc
^t 5tinr ^ (Telp of^m wCo EcrpctC men.
if you will learn to know me. The typewriter is my allay. I AM jj^
,

faci t^o -worlos. ait!> fear not ITfc nor ieatk


SHORTHAND. d^itfcr Cai. mc % t% fani. ikmcx.

THE BUSINESS EDUCATOR SCBSCRIPTION PRICE. $1.25


(To Canada, 10c more; foreign. 20c more)
A YEAR The Business Educator is the best medium
Published monthly (except July and August) Single copy, 15c. through which to reach business college pro-
Bv THE ZANER-BLOSER CO., Change of address should be requested prietors and managers, commercial teacheri
612 N. Park St.. Columbus, O. promptly in advance, if possible, giving the old and students, and lovers of penmanship. Copy
E. W. B LOSER
E. A. LUPFER ... -
Editor
Managing Editor
as well as the new address.
-Advertising rates furnished upon request.
must reach our office by the 10th of the month
for the issue of the following month.
^ f^^3^u^'ned^(s^ei&u^a^r' ^

Lessons in Business Penmanship


By J. J. BAILEY, High School of Commerce, Toronto, Ont., Canada.

LESSON TWO
No. 10 — Review the small "o" before commencing to work the"c". This letter gives a great deal of trouble.
Look at it carefully. The down stroke is similar to that in theo, while the ending stroke is the same as in the i or
u. Notice particularly the tick at the top. The best way to master it is to check the motion before commencing the
down stroke.
Try to secure regularity in your movement, neatness in your work and system or order in your arrangement.


No. 11 Here are two more letters that are difficult to master. They are both a little taller than the minimum
spaced letters such as a, e, i, etc. The only way to master them isto study the form closely and practice dili-
gently.
In the r the shoulder is most important. Notice how it drops and then changes to the usual slant. Do not
attempt to make it to two counts. It is better to count 1-2-3.
The initial stroke in s should be well curved. The top is a point, and should be about one-fourth higher than
"i". The down stroke is a compound curve, ending in a dot which should always touch the up-stroke.
No one ever became a good penman who slighted proper movement and proper position. See to it that you are
not doing it. It may be that some little fault in penholding or movement is the reason for your not progressing.


No. 12 In these two letters you will find a modification of the right oval. Notice the round tops and pointed
bottoms. Try to use your very best movement in these, and to secure control make them in columns, keeping the
letters exactly under "the one above. Do not sacrifice the speed to do this, but just see to it that your brain makes
those muscles in your hand and arm do it. To succeed there must be control of mind over muscle. You cannot
make good forms if you don't think good form continually.


No. 13 You ought to be able to apply your movement to the writing of words by this time. Here are some
good ones containing the letter-forms you have learned. Do not think you have done enough practice if you make
one page of each. Make 5 or 6 pages of each, using good movement, and speed. Watch your spacing, and strive
for neatness and accuracy.

^Z^--7^/'Z'€:i^'-ri^'iyt^^^'7^l^'d,'C^

No. 14 —
Here is a real test of your skill. Review the connected letter exercises, page 10, in the September is-
sue. Swing at these combinations. Think that you can do them, and you will be surprised at the excellent results
obtained. Remember you cannot reproduce on paper what you haven't already in your head. So procure a mental
picture of each one, and then strike out boldly. I hope to see a reproduction of some of these in the Students Page in
the near future.
^ .^J3Bu^'/t^^£^^iu^i/f/- ^


No. 15 Here we have the right oval in all its phases. There is plenty of work in this plate to keep you busy
for some time. Practice each one until you can turn out a clean-cut copy. Count as you did for the left or direct
oval. Exercises like these enable you to take stock of your movement and position. Make them at times without
ink, and watch to see if your thumb moves, and if you have acquired to the fullest extent the exact position of
paper, pen and body. Failure, at this time, in any one of these, may mean ultimate failure to become a good
writer. , j.^.i»I

m O90 "'mM

No. 16 The right oval leads directly to capital N. Notice how far the initial loop comes down, also the narrow
loop toucliing the base line. This particular form is more easily made than any other kind of N
because you do
not have to stop at the base line. Swing boldly at them, using good movement, and you will be astonished how well
you can make them. Notice very carefully the size of each loop, and the width of the letter; also the comparative
height of the two parts. The second is about three-quarters as high as the first. Count 1-2-.3. Be careful to finish
it just below the base line.

_
No. 17— The M is similar to the N. Notice how the strokes are graded in height. Make about 40 M's per
minute, counting 1-2-3-4 for each letter, and 1 to change. In the words strive for good
movement, speed and ac-
curacy. It IS a good plan to write the first part of the page in columns, thus securing uniformity
and neatness, and
^
^ ^^ ^^^^^ '^^ ^^"^^ ^''""'^' ^"'^ ^^ ^ ^'""^ cannot find improvement in the last over
^e fi^st
Remember, no one can succeed in penmanship unless he is a thinker, and criticises his own work.

^<3

Signatares by Mr. Bailey,


fM^^Uiiined^^ig/iu^i^ ^

Ideal Business Writing


By E. C. MILLS, Rochester, N. Y.

PLATE 19

The little movements found in copies 203-4-5 will be found very helpful in developing the
oval 3, 5 and 2.
Practice these little movements with the rapid arm movement and keep the fingers quiet all the time. The move-
ment should be brought down under such control that these little ovals and loops may be made very small. The
last part of the figure "5" should always be joined to the first part. Make the oval part in these figures quite
round and full. The down stroke in figure "8" should be quite a prominent compound cui-ve. Review all the figures
in copy 207. The commercial abbreviations, fractions, etc., should receive very careful attention. One of the main
things in making these is to get the characters small. Make a light stroke, and use a free, easy and confident
movement.

PLATE 20

In making the capitals "P" and "R" see that the wide part comes to the left of the stem and the small ovals to
the right should be brought quite close to the stem. Roll the arm freely in the sleeve to produce these letters, and
work for smooth lines as well as for good forms. The small oval in capital "P" should be brought down about one-
half height of letter. The small loop in the "R" should also be made one-half height of letter.

PLATE 21

The same general instructions may be applied to the capital "B" as given in the preceding plate, with the excep-
tion of the finishing part of the letter. This letter may be finished with the hook. The different miscellaneous
sentences given will be found an excellent drill for the practical application of movement, and care should be taken
also in getting the forms as good as possible. The movement should not be sacrificed in the least. should have We
a definite aim in all our practical work, and that aim is to get the forms of the letters as good as possible while we
use the pure arm movement.

We can still furnish back numbers containing all of Mr. Mills' lessons. It will pay you to get this complete
course now.

PLATE 19

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-C^i^-,^x^...-t£..<>ZZ..-i/^^

..-'Z^L^C^^^. \::J/<rZ^4^ ..---CZy,,-^^^

By Rene Guillard. Evansvillc, III.

^k^St/^-.--^ -^£^^^/^c

^-^2^^:;-^ -j^^^^^^-i-,-.^.
*^i^c^uJ/u^U/^''<(/iu:a/h^ ^ 13

NEWS NOTES
Mr. E. R. Vinal, for several years
with the Roxbury High School, Bos-
ton, has been made comptroller for the
Whiting Milk Companies, Boston.
Mrs. Pearl M. Brown, last year com-
mercial teacher in the Thetford, Vt.,
Academy, is a new teacher in the
Brighani Academy at Bakersfield, Vt.
Philip E. Bunker, recently with the
Department of Accounting of the Col-
lege of Administration of
Business
Syracuse University, will head the ac-
counting work at the Rhode Island
State College, Kingston, the coming
vear.
Miss Evelyn Joline of Long Branch,
N. Jr, is a new commercial teacher In
the High School at Roselle, N. J.
Miss Gunhild Wennergren of Hy-
annis, Mass., has been elected to teach
commercial work in the Ashland,
Mass High School the coming year.
,

Miss Ruth F. Jaquith of Dorches-


ter, Mass., is a new commercial teach-
er in the Townsend, Mass., High
School.
Miss Viola A. McBride, a recent
graduate of the University of Ver-
mont, has accepted a position to teach
commercial work in the Oliver Ames
High School, North Easton, Mass.
Mr. A. J. Watts, recently head of
the Commercial Department of the
Lansford, Pa., High School, has ac-
cepted a similar position with the
Pottstown, Pa., Business College.
Janet E. Weaver of Lake Placid
and Sarah L. Pearce of Stroudsburg
are two new commercial teachers in
the High School at Roselle Park, N. J.
Eva'E. Berg of Dorchester, Mass.,
is a new commercial teacher in the
High School at Duxbury, Mass.
Russell A. Wright of Attleboro
graduate of the
Falls, Mass., a recent
State Normal School at Salem, Mass.,
is the new head of the Commercial
Department of the Leicester, Mass.,
High School.
Percey E. Sackett, a recent grad-
uate of the State Nonnal School at
Wliitewater, Wisconsin, is the new
head of the commercial work in the
High School at Charleroi, Pa.
Dash, grace and beauty by N. E. V

tSZ^^'-^/'^

from the pen of that jovial, skillful penman and teacher. John S. Griffith of the Engl»
^ f^^^u4/n^d^^(/iu^i/^

Teachers and Students are urged to assist in collecting material for this page
Students who are subscribers to the B. E. may secure free criticism when working on the lesson in the B. E. Send return postage.

OCTOBER CONTEST
Send to the contest department of THE BUSINESS EDUCATOR your
signature written in black ink. Be care-
ful,some blue ink is incorrectly labeled black ink. The writing will not be considered unless it is in black ink. Also
include your age, school and grade and the name of your teacher, and city.
This is a chance for a large number to get their names in print. Let us endeavor to get up a page of signa-
tures which will outdo the Penmen and Teachers' Signature Page.

(2) Neat careful wr ting received in the May contest from the Goldberg School, Detroit, Mich. Miss Anita Hallberg:. the
writer of the first si L lines, is a B-6 pupil, and Miss Dessaline Patterson, the writer of the last three lines, is an A-8 pupil.
in Miss Merle Fordhi

..^c'^^^^^i^-iS^cL^.

The above is very fine writing for an eleven ycE Kth gradi- pupil. Mil L. B. Dimond, Syracuse. N. Y., is the teacher.
and C. S. Chambers is the supervisor of writing.
Many other fine specimens were received from M nd's pupils.
^ ^/i^'^u4/n^4/^^^i^iua/^/ 15

^' '^M

'<:L^2^/^Z-^^>^*fe^
/
Notice the free, graceful 2nd and 3rd grade Zaner Method Writing, a result of efficient teach-
ing, careful supervision and large free pencil writing in the 1st and 2nd grades.
The top specimen, in lead pencil, was written by a 2nd grade, seven year old, boy in Lincoln
This large free nd grade writing was School. Monongahela, Pa. The original writing was about two times as large as this repri>-
done by William E in the Friends' School, duction.
Germantown. Pa., s Esther S. Whitacre,
supervisor. The pec len was a third larger The bottom 3rd grade writing was done by Ruth Ewing, Waverly School, Monongahela, Pa.
than this reproduct Miss Minnie E. Knepper is the supervisor.

One of the finest four-line poems received from a junior high school pupil for the May contest. It
13 year old pupil in West Junior High, Sioux City, Iowa. Miss Keefe, teacher. Fern has a frc
black, thick ink specimen above indicates.

A composite specimen written by Miss Martha Young's 4th grade class in Pitcairn, Pa.
Eight pupils took part in writing this specimen as follows:
No. 1, Ruth Mapstone; No. 2. Cecelia Wolfinger; No. 3, Evelyn Cole; No. 4, Feryne Wilson; No. 5, Elizabeth Dzikiy; No. 6,
Kennedy; No. 7, Olive Brodbeck; No. 8, Feryne Wilson.
Miss Jennie Markel who last year supervised the writing in Pitcairn, is now supervisor of wr ing in McKeesport, Pa. During th<
Miss Markel took special work in the Zanerian, where she attained a high degree of skill and as one of the few to win a mud
Zanerian Certificate.
16 ^ f^^^Uii/n^d^^e/iua/h^ ^
TRIBUTE TO
CO.MMERCI-\L EDUCATOR
Penmanship Theory for Young Penmen Friends and former pupils of Inter-
Covering Several Phases of the Theo
nown and Understood by All Students State Commercial College, Reading,
By WILLIAM L. CRANDALL,
Assistant Headmaster and Director of Penmanship at Pa., held a reunion July 4th celebrat-
Saint James School, Faribault, Minnesota. ing the Fortieth Anniversary of that
school. Nearly three hundred grad-
(Continued from September.) ANSWERS
Paper made from linen rags. uates and friends attended the ban-
<A) PAPER TEST SET 1 Paper made from silk rags. quet and reception. Rev. H. Y. Stoner
What was used instead of paper in ancient Paper made from cotton rags.
times? Paper made from wood-pulp. was presented with a beautiful Ma-
What was the first "paper"? Animal substance used for glazing paper.
What is parchment ? hogany Chime Clock The speakers
What is vellum? (C) PAPE RTEST SET 3
paid brief but eloquent tribute to Rev.
How does ink act on paper ? What is pencil paper?
ANSWERS What is ink paper? Stoner who is a Pennsylvania Dutch-
Wood — clay — wax. What
What
is
is
fools-cap paper ?
legal cap paper? man of high ideals and has devoted
Papyrus reed.
Sheep skin.
How is paper water marked? many, many years to the cause of
Calf skin. ANSWERS commercial education. Thousands of
It sinks in.
Rough finished wood-pulp paper.
(B) PAPER TEST SET 2 Smooth finished paper. persons in good, responsible positions
What linen paper? Large paper folded in old style form.
What
is
silk paper? Large paper for court use.
owe their success to the influence of
What
What
is
is
is
cotton paper?
wood-pulp paper?
By wires bent in the form or design desired
and applied to the unfinished paper while it
this sincere, brainy man —a human
What is size? is still moist. hynamo of energy and enthusiasm.

<XJL^UZyty' //^.:^^-i^;^-pVl/.

^dyU-^fn.-tyoJ^'^i:J^-^iU.'n^

^.^Oi^yl4yL4^-

y.-^ty'T^iyCiA^cdyti.^ccy

>?'?T>i--?'tx--

ytoo-'T'-i.^'tyC^.^yn'TyAynuy /7l.(.'ZKyn^^.\.<.<£<£'0<.^

yi:zy.

Miss Fordham uses the B. E. in her penmanship classes in the Goldberg School, Detroit, Mich. Miss Ford-
ham is a very skillful and successful teacher of penmanship.
^ f^J^uUned^^^i^iu^i^r' 17

at least afew of the "stunts" I had


promised to outline, but the essential

MENTAL MEANDERINGS points,


have
required
filled
leave the stunts
up my
in the
introduction
space, so I shall
have
to suggest, for
I
By CARL MARSHALL a subsequent article, which I hope,
Route 1,Box 32, Tujunga, Cali can appear in the next Educator, and
which, I think, will at least interest,
and, maybe, benefit the young folk for
In a former article, group its functions in some sort of whom I am writing.
Is the Mental I have indicated the correlated order. To do this, we do
Gym Feasible? possibility and desir- not require any intricate and high- A
good many thousands of acres of
, ability of a gym- sounding course in psychology. All big noble spruces, firs and poplars,
nasium for the mind as well as for the we need is to apply a little common each year go into the macerating vats,
body, and have promised some fur- sense to the study of our own individ- that pour out the
ther suggestions as to how the idea ual minds The truth is that people's How to Use million or so tons
miglit be carried out. minds differ much more than their The Newspaper, of wood pulp that
Perhaps the most formidable dif- bodies. Our muscular systems are is mostly used in
ficulty in the path of such an enter- pretty much alike, and this makes it making our newspapers. Probably
prise is the fact that comparatively easy to devise gym- mankind would be the gainer if most
we really know so much nastic stunts that are beneficial to all of these trees were left standing, to
less about our minds of us. Not so with our minds. In the end of our having fewer and
than we do about our these, no two of us are alike, and the smaller and better newspapers. How-
bodies.The Greeks who training that is good for one person, ever, the newspapers are with us with
staged the Olympian may not be at all good for another. all their tonnage of triviality, and all
games some two thou- And this is why the theories of so there is to do about it is to try to get
sand ago, prob-
years many of our would-be mind-trainers some real value from them. We can
ably knew as much break down. And it is also the fact, do this, if we go about it right.
about the training of overlooked in the philosophy of the The waste of time occasioned by the
the physical man as we "test and measurement" enthusiasts newspapers is a more serious loss
do now. But it is only who are so much in the lime-light than the waste of the forests, serious
in recent times that anybody has pre- these days. There can be no such as that is. The crime stories, scan-
tended to know anything very surely thing as a "daily dozen" for our dals, divorce stuff, sporting news, silly
about the spiritual or immaterial con- minds, that will work equally well for cartoons, colored picture vulgarity,
stitution of man. And aside from a all of us. and other cheap sensationalism that
few verbose and pretentious charla- But it is possible and practicable to take up most of the space in a mod-
tans, no one claims to know with any- work out and prescribe a great many em newspaper, serve no good purpose
thing like scientific accuracy, the best "stunts" for the mental gymnasium, for anyone. Most of it is not even
methods for developing and training that would be most beneficial in de- decently amusing, to those thoughtless
the elusive and complex funtions that veloping and sti-engthening mental ac- folk who loaf their time away over it.
make up the manifestations of the -hu- tivities in nearly all of us. These Much of it is not only insane, but
man mind. Of theories and doctrines might be adopted and applied by us viciously demoralizing, especially to
there have been a-plenty, but even in according to our own individual needs. the young. Yet the newspaper re-
my time, many of these have been But we shall do this more intelligent- mains the only means by which we
carted to the junk-heap. For instance, ly and effectively if we begin by know- can keep up with what is going on in
a half century ago, it was a cardinal ing something about our minds and the world. Scattered all through the
pedagogic axiom, that faculties could their several iields of work, and how litter, are the golden grain of real
be trained horizontally. That is, if these several diverse activities corre- news. All of us, and particularly the
one took large enough doses of mathe- late with one another. This will help young, with minds to cultivate, should
matics, he was sure to turn out a us to guide our self-training, just as learn how to screen these out and
great reasoner; that much absorption a knowledge of our bodies and muscles avoid the trash.
of the details of history and geog- will help us in doing the things pre- About all that is worth while in an
raphy, would develop an all-around scribed in the physical "gym". issue of any daily paper can be read
memory, and that gi-eat facility of The mental scientists have given us in a quarter of an hour. In many
speech could only be reached through a great many different systems for issues, all that is necesary is to read
years of grubbing among the dead classifying the powers and activities the headlines. The rest may be prof-
languages, and so forth. But we now of the mind. Many of these are un- itably passed over by all who set any
know that the theory does not work duly prolix and hair-splitting. For value on their time. As for those who
and never did. A man may have a those of us who have no special ambi- —
are out to "kill time" well, they will
strong and dependable memory in tion to master all the intricate technic find in most of the other stuff a suit-
certain fields of fact, and a very weak of modern psychology, it will be suf- able accomplice in the slaughter.
one in others. A finished mathema- ficient for our practical work in the The really important things in the
tician, one who can "harness a team mental gym, to know that the field of way of news are to be found best in
with a logical chain," in that area of our mind activities may be roughly the weekly journals, like the "Lit-
reasoning, may yet be a veritable divided into the following six areas: erary Digest, "Time", "The Path-
ninny in some other and different field, 1, Perception; 2, Reason; 3, Imagina- finder", and one or two others. With
the law for instance. But for all that, tion; 4, Memory; 5, Conscience; 6, these at hand, each week, it would not
we know that the human mind may Will. Probably, the up-to-date psy- much matter if one never saw a daily.
be developed and trained and made chologist, will smile patronizingly at To spend say, two hours each week
more eff'icient through a great variety this "old-fashioned" classification, but with the Literary Digest, and a dic-
of beneficial activities. What we need then, I am not writing for the edifica- tionary, an atlas, and a down-to-date
is to study these, experiment with tion of the up-to-date psychologist encyclopedia at hand for reference,
them, and work out a system for their We will leave him alone to enjoy his would, in the course of four or five
methodical use. superior wisdom in his own way, years, come close to insuring one a
When we set out to train muscles, merely employing this simple and un- liberal education. And if these were
we have to know about muscles, their derstandable grouping, as a working supplemented each month by the "Na-
functions, their reactions and their basis for those plain and unlearned tional Geographic", "The World's
inter-relations. Walter Camp under- folk, who would like to do something Work", the "Foi-um", or "North
stood this when he worked out his practical in the way of mental cales- American" and "The Illustrated Lon-
"daily dozen". So with mind train- thenics. don News", one would soon have a bet-
ing: we must in some way get at the When I set out to pen this Meand- ter "college education" than most peo-
matter of how the mind works, and ering, I had intended to include in it ( Continued on page 24)
d^ *^^^u4//ied^^^/iua/h^
One account of Henry Clay's early
years states that the neat, legible
Chirographic Cogitations handwriting which he was capable of
executing was instrumental in at-
By F. J. DUFFY, Supc of Handwriting. Duluth, Mil
tracting the attention of a gentleman
whose encouragement and assistance
proved the turning point in young
The account given in one of the re- exploring second-hand book shops in Clay's career. How many more such
cent magazines of a search under- Minneapolis, I was elated to discover examples might be instanced is un-
the two volumes of English facsimiles, known, but a list of them would prove
taken to solve the fate of a Sixteenth marked at a price not too exorbitant
turns one's stimulating to those of us trying to
Century malefactor, for a pedagog's slender purse. make the world safe for chirography.
thoughts to the mass of documents re- A curious feature of the earliest
posing in the archives of English pub- specimens of handwriting is the heavy One of the arts not improved with
lic institutions, and the stout heart re- down strokes, possibly a legacy of the the increase of modern inventions is
monastery style lettering.
of Con- that of letter writing. This fact is
quired to examine them in detail. In
necting strokes are less freely used, impressed upon one who studies ex-
the present instance, success appar- and the slant is more nearly vertical. amples of correspondence written a
ently rewarded a long and dishearten- The student of character as revealed century ago, noting its voluminous-
ing quest, its disclosures throwing by handwriting will find much to in- ness and the excellence of its com-
light upon an episode in English lit- terest him in these volumes. The position. With the imperfect means
gamut ranges from extreme neatness available at that time, as compared
erary annals heretofore veiled in ob- and precision to hurried, untidy with our present facilities, one mar-
scurity. scrawling; from coarse, heavy lines to vels that so extensive communications
This narrative brought to mind an faint, delicate strokes; from pages could be done by hand.
crowded and illegible to sheets care- In extenuation of this diminution
incident of my visit to the National fully arranged and easily deciphered of interest and expertness in the
Convention of Penmanship Supervi-
sors at Benton Harbor in 1922. Being
—all are here for one to speculate epistolary art, it may be alleged, I
upon the kind of individual whose presume, that the present age has not
obliged to wait for some time in Chi- fingers held the pen. the time to devote to the circulation of
cago, I took the opportunity to call such lengthy effusions. Furthermore,
upon my good friend Mr. Griset, who that modern means of diversion ren-
was teaching penmanship in the Readers Bleak House will re-
of
der such interchange of ideas la-
Evanston High School. member the struggles undergone by borious and irksome, involving too
During the noon hour he took me "Charley", Miss Summerson's maid, wide an acquaintance with matters
over to the city library to inspect a to learn to write, and the latter's in- merely intellectual.
set of four large portfolios contain- Granting the fascination of present-
ing examples of handwriting from spection of "a copy of the letter O in
day means of entertainment, and their
earliest times down to the present which it was represented as square, excellence, if used in moderation, it is
age. The first two volumes contained triangular, pear-shaped, and collapsed nevertheless to be deplord that an art
reproductions of manuscripts, many in all kinds of ways". A little fur- so dirctly personal, so indicative of
beautifully illuminated, all in lan- ther on in the story Tony gives his one's tastes, opinions and preferences,
guages other than English. These, opinion that a certain piece of hand- should be allowed to sink practically
although intensely interesting, had writing was of feminine authorship in into disuse, to the sacrifice of one of
less attraction for me than the re- the following words: "A woman's. the most fruitful means of growth
maining two volumes, which presented —
Fifty to one a lady's slopes a good through study; reflection, and the ef-
facsimiles of handwriting done by deal, and the end of the letter 'n' long fort to clothe one's thought in lan-
persons prominent in English history. and hasty." guage simple, precise and devoid of
These specimens, to the number of Dickens' experience as court re- the many careless expressions which
one hundred and fifty, were obtained porter doubtless led him to a close so often mar our daily conversation.
from originals in the British Museum, acquaintance with the diff'iculties of
and extended from Henry V to Queen mastering a creditable style of pen- Mr. Lewis Bates Clark of Orono,
Victoria. The labor and expense of manship. In Great Expectations, Joe's Maine, is the new head of the Com-
preparing these reproductions must attempts to learn to write are aided mercial Department of the Altoona,
have been considerable, enough at by Biddy, who "lent him to copy at Pa., High School.
least, in my estimation, to preclude home a large old English D which she Miss Monica Bambrick of Thief River
the possibility of my purchasing a set had imitated from the heading of Palls, Minn., has been elected to teach
of them. some newspaper," and which Joe sup- commercial work the coming year in
The unexpected does happen, how- posed, until she told him what it was, the North Tonawanda, N. Y., High
ever. The following summer, while" to be a design for a buckle." School.

Good advice and beautiful script from M. A. Albin.


— —

^ .^^^u>i/neU/<u^i^iu^i^ ^ 19

Penmanship Devices and Plans


Teachers are invited to contribute short, helpful methods and devices of about
250 words to this department. Pass your ideas on to others.

WHAT THE BOY SAID A WKITING CONTEST


I am breaking new ground in
still On May 23, 1925, there was held in
teaching writing so, I am taking a Columbus, Ohio, a Writing Contest for
little time to tell you "What the Boy pupils in the Sixth Grades of the pub-
Said." lic schools of that city, arranged by
I put on a little penmanship con- Arthur G Skeeles, Supei-visor of
test in grades 7 and 8 which came off Writing. The Columbus Citizen, a
the first week in April. In order to daily newspaper, gave the contest
A. C. SPANGLER
help them in I confined
the contest much publicity, and donated the
my drill tosentence and one
one prizes. Mr. Spangler was graduated from
movement drill in these grades. The At ten-thirty on the day of the con- the Jonestown, Pa., High School, and
movement drill was a line of two test representatives from each school took Normal Training in the Millers-
space direct and indirect ovals and having a Sixth Grade, one for every ville State Normal School, and later
twenty-five pupils in the building, met
push-pull exercise, each retraced six taught in the graded schools of Jones-
in the rooms of Central High School,
times. I explained the use of the drill and were given a printed paragraph town, Pa. He received most of his
— slant, control, freedom, proportion, of seventy-five words to write.
prizes were awarded by a committee
The commercial training in the Teachers'
and its relation to letters. I fol-
etc., University of Commerce, Fort Wayne,
consisting of the President of the
lowed up its application by using Ind., of which institution he is a grad-
Chamber of Commerce, the President
"Aim". Notice how A begins. See of the City Parent-Teacher Associa- uate. He has taken extension work
the angle in down stroke. Do not re- tion, and a teacher of writing in Cen- from the LaFayette Institution, Phila-
trace angle in i nor m. Note turns tral High School. delphia, Pa., the Peoples College, Kan-
and finish. Now let us practice the Dorothy Higgins, Avondale School, sas City, Mo., and A. P. Meub, Pasa-
word "arm". You remember about won the first prize, a gold-mounted
the m. Be sure to slow up and put
dena, Calif. During the summer of
fountain pen and pencil set. Tess
shoulder on the r. Note what part is Goodrich, Indianola School, won sec- 1924 he attended the Zanerian College
highest. See that the a contains an ond prize, a gold-mounted fountain of Penmanship, Columbus, Ohio.
i. Now let us practice the word "use". pen. Normal-Douglas school building
In 1922-23 he was employed as man-
Note the u. Do not retrace angles. won first prize, a silk flag, and Avon-
See that the s is slightly higher than dale School second prize, a smaller silk ager of the Conneaut Business Col-
the other letters. It is round and flag. lege, Conneaut, Ohio, which position
closed at the base line. Now write The interest in the contest was in- he left to head the commercial de-
"to". Note that the angle in t is re- tense,and it will probably become an
traced. Angles should not be retraced
partment of the New Castle, Pa.,
annual feature. The flags are to be
in short letters. Use care in finishing held by the winning school for one Business College, which position he
the "too" as you might want to write year only, but prizes will be offered held for two years.
"too" or "two" sometime. Now let us each year to individual pupils. Recently Mr. Spangler purchased an
practice "move". Be careful in join- interest in the Pennsylvania Business
ing ov. Be careful to finish v so that Mr. and Mrs. H. A. Roush of Pitts- College, Lancaster, Pa., of which Mr.
a good "ve" will follow. To finish a burgh, Pa., visited the Zanerian a few J. M. Wade is Principal. Mr. Spangler
word we are to use in a sentence, let days while on a motor trip through is a young man with splendid quali-
us practice the word "ment", with "a" Ohio. Mr. Roush has had wide ex- fications and ability, and is a strong
left out. After a few minutes work I perience in penmanship teaching. It addition to the Pennsylvania Business
ask the class to form a sentence from is quite an inspiration to see him at College, which has enjoyed a good
words practiced. Nearly all named the blackboard before a class. reputation for many years.
the sentence
Aim Now
to use arm movement.
let us all write the sentence and be
just as careful of each word as when
we wrote each word separatly.e Keep
^M HT^H^^^^pi H^^V ^^^^H
in mind all the points I told you about
in each word. Just as I was leaving
^Ej Wk r^-^^Mp! B^^B Sjj^H

1 MgMi K^,
the room this is what one boy said
"Mr. Bachtenkircher, I have learned
more from this lesson than any les-
son that I have ever taken." It was
said by a boy that is not enthusiastic
or good in writing.
seventh.
It is a slow
I feel that the thought of
H|H w ^
^i|"
j'ljK i tvr^yHH d^
Mm%m jl z' i i
the boy was reflected by the class. I
do not remember of handling a sen-
tence just in that way, so I say that I
^V '
h 1/4 -If H^-^^H^A ^ H JV'ntfl ' ^'I^^^^^^Jm

am still learning "and breaking new it\L


paths." I was proud of the lesson
and have found it interesting all
week. I am coming to believe that
many
enough.
of us do not simplify the work
m
Hi .
jjfii'i ..jjo.
m^
IK mt
^H
J. H. Bachtenkircher. the Berea, Ky., College. I. H. Lo
20 ^^^^u<i/n^d^^(/!iua/^ ^

FAMOUS LETTERS
BY FAMOUS PENMEN
In this series we ha :ome of the most skillful lettc

/
'7

Wiesehahn was recognized as one of the most skillful penmen of his day. Handsome specimens of his work will
About forty years ago Mr.
most of the old members of the profession. Such men as FlickinKer. Madarasz and others frequently com-
be found in the scraphooks of
mended his work and its charm, beauty and individuality.
for its seeming recklessness in execution
^^Jr^uJ//ieU^£^/iu^i^^ ^

J. A. ELSTON
Mr. Elston was bom in 1876 in the
little town of Aubum, Mo. He re-
ceived his education in the public
schools of Mo., the Christian Univer-
sity and Canton, Mo., Commercial
College. He studied penmanship from
Musselman's Compendium, Bixler's
Physical Training in Penmanship,
Western Penman, Penman's Art Jour-
nal, THE BUSINESS EDUCATOR
and Zanerian Publications. He was
one of the first subscribers to the Pen-
man and Artist which was a forerun-
ner of THE BUSINESS EDUCATOR.
He completed a mail course from G.
Bixler, Wooster, Oliio, and was em-
ployed as assistant teacher of pen-
manship in the Canton Commercial
College, and later taught penmanship
in the Christian University for one
year. He then traveled as a writing
teacher organizing classes in penman-
ship in small towns of Mo and 111.
, (i3vr the tkwsmldot Oil r nail fisail neat:
Mr. Elston is now district manager of
the National Accident and Health In-
surance Company, Sharon, Pa. oftjiortiuutiL
Recently Mr. Elston was awarded a 1
Business Educator Professional Cer-
tificate.
pimiatimv touowAiid'Oiu\(merm€n(is fii'-'
^
their'h^^i'S dadnq the kmncss ii^ar instuose^
ANOTHER GREGG
REGIONAL CONFERENCE
These conferences are becoming
very popular. Hundreds of teachers
recently attended the New York Con-
'f^Mirmod'Ami imjilmus to n'fii gmder
ference held in the Hotel Pennsylvania
to discuss and hear discussed vital effmtui tmrnmincj mar. jfiemak (j^uaiitiij-^
problems in commercial education.
We wish that we had space to re- ot Aimtmeuimlji jor wluck im twum wcome so mde
print some of the fine discussions
which were given. We would suggest ill mo7m. miLmsteadfastuf nmuitcUned.
that shorthand and commercial teach-
ers get in touch with A. A. Bowie, 20
W. 47th St., New York City, N, Y., Two pages of a four page folder sent out by the F. W. Martin Diploma Company during the
for information regarding the next holiday season to create good will. It is one of a series of circulars. This particular one has
meeting. created considerable praise. One advertising company secured the plates and had their own
name inserted in place of the Martin Diploma Company's.
Mr. Joseph Klein, last year head of The Martin Diploma Company has been doing a vei-y fine business for years. One of the rea-
the commercial work of the West sons is that it uses modern methods of advertising. Engi-ossers the same as other business men
Chester, Pa., High School, has been must advertise in order to build up a large and profitable business. Mr. Mai-tin states, "there
engaged for similar work with the are too few engrossers in the field and we should encourage men to try and fit themselves foe
High School at Dunkirk, N. Y. positions or to open offices of their own."
d^ .^J^u^iin^U^i^/![iai/i^ ^
Department of Research in Handwriting Start your pupils on Mr. Bailey's
ng Survey To Determine Finishing Standards for the
Philadelphia Public Schools. lessons. Send that club now.
By H. A. ROUSH

(Continued from September)

Vocptions
/O ^S XO :^S' ^C 3<r ^o ¥^ S'O J-J- 4o ^S yo y s- r,^ S'S' fo
. Business workers
. Soldiers
Educational workers
. Artists

.
Homemakers
Housekeepers
Students
Nurses
Physicians
. Farmers
, Milliners
Musicians
Chemists
, Architects
. Social workers
. Engineers
Clergymen
Lawyers -
Clubwomen
Laborers
, Society women
. Authors and journalists...-
. Librarians —
, Seamstresses & dressmkrs
Mechanics
, Sailors „
Telephone operators
,
Miscellaneous
Unclassified & leisure

TOTALS

Chart L The horizontal lines indicate the range of the quality scores for each vocation.
The shoit perpendicular strokes on these lines locate the average quality for each vocation.

The totals at the bottom of Table II are presented in graphic form in Chart II.

Chart II. Distributi* >s of the 1.000 Spccimc of Social Correspondence


Ayrcs Handwriting Sc lie

Milton H. Ross. Salt Lake City. Utah, in good Chill II sho\s Ihnt the tend to distribute themselves in close approximation to
alilios
writing position. Study it and see how nearly LIU- lurve oi normal I n.inenfy- Quality 45 with 164 specimens occupies the pivotal position,
with the niimhcr r>f s|rcimons derreating almost symmetrically from this point to quality 10 on
y«u can imitate it. Without a good position
the one side and quality 90 on the other. At first it might seem that the average quality of
your practice is of little value. 47.1 should be the standard set for social (non-vocational) handwriting, but that this would
^ .^J^uUn£^^/iu:a/fr 23

prove to be too low as a standard for teaching is evident when we consider that one-half of the LEFTHANDED WRITERS
pupils might possibly be below this standard and. therefore, be not up to the social demand.
(The ideal plan would be to have every child reach the standard set. but this does not seem to noticed a recent reference to the
I
be the rule under present teaching conditions and withpupils of varying abilities.) A further question of changing over lefthanded
examination of Chart II will show that almost one-half of the specimens were rated at quality
Furthermore, we
writers.
50 and above, and that 18.6% of the writers wrote at quality 60 and above.
shall attempt to prove by Charts IV and V that people do not write a reasonable and adequate

Psychologists differ authorities dif-
standard of handwriting in their social correspondence. fer — —
doctors differ as to the effect
upon the child.
Sex Differences in Handwriting: Realizing that with most objectors
Let us now turn our attention to Table III and Chart III, in which the ratings of the 1.000
it was purely theoretical. I concluded
specimens of social correspondence according to sex are shown and compared:
to play the "I'm from Missouri role".
Chart III below shows the same facts graphically.
I'm going to try to leam the facts.
While in charge of the penmanship
in the Lawrence, Massachusetts public

Ala/e. schools I gave directions that no child


below the fourth year be permitted to
A\^ e^ra <fe. for < write with the left hand, without a
8 at ft S^xes special permit. This I never granted
until having a personal interview

/:^ma/^
with the parent —
and failed to con-
vince him or her, that it was best for
ro fO, the pupil. In grades above this every
lefthanded pupil was urged to change
Chart Compa of the Average and Sex Ratings of the 1,000 Specimens
III.
of Social Correspondence — Not chiefly because it looked awk-
ward but because it put a needless
It from the above study that women write more accurately than men. This is due,
ident
no doubt, to the fact that women are as a rule more careful and painstaking of their writing
strain upon the eyes —
every time he
than men and more willing to subjugate the thought process to the details which make the writ- wrote, whether spelling, language, his-
ing more accurate. tory, geography or penmanship was
the subject because of the fact that
the light came from the left side of
Mental Judgments as to the Quality of Handwriting Adequate for Social Correspondence
the room and his hand cast a shadow
The eight specimens were clipped from the Ayres Scale (Gettysbury Edition) and the value upon the page, and I think eyes are
cut off of them. They were then shuffled and handed to 100 competent judges to separate into of more importance than penmanship.
two groups: those adequate for social correspondence and those inadequate. These judgments I have 314 signatures which I gath-

were made independently of each other and in nearly all cases the source of the specimens was ered during one month. They are in-
unknown to the judges. Arbitrary marks had previously been placed on the back of each speci- clusive, and prove that just so many
men to indicate its scale quality. The judgments were tabulated and later arranged graphically had changed within eight years Nor —
as illustrated in Charts IV and V which follows: did I find one loony in the entire lot.
Furthermore: I took specimens of
CHART IV the penmanship of lefthanded writers
reading: "This is the best I can write
with my left hand after years
practice." On the same date and sheet
I had each write: "This is the best
I can write with my right hand."

'f These were dated. A month later


I had each repeat the performance
M.,. J r / •/JO using the same sheet, but covering,
or folding under the first specimens
...... i. o C / 9.7 to avoid copying the appearance of
the old.
,... .7. Within one month some of the most
Jt«i faithfulwere producing as good work
with the right hand as they ever had
with the left, and two had stopped
wearing glasses.
I still have some of these speci-
mens. They went to the Lewis and
erage of the Scores of the 1,000 Specimens of Social Correspondenc
Clark's Exposition at Portland, Ore-
Quality on Ayres Handwriting Scale
gon, as part of an exhibit I prepared
at Lawrence. This contained the work
QUALITY ON AYRES HANDWRITING SCALE of every child in the schools of Law-
rence, and won the only gold meda!
Chart IV. Per :ent of the judges who considered the different qualities of handwrit awarded any public school exhibit of
adequate for social correspondence. penmanship in America.
(To be continued in November issue) D. W. Wolf.
Meadville Com'l. College.
Meadville, Pa.

Cluh the Business Educator


24
f^J^ud/n^d^^e/iua/tpr' ^
traces, turns, angles, loops, slant,
spacing and endings. Legibility and
pleasing appearance are more desir-
Public School Handwriting able than mere mechanical accuracy.
(A Comprehensive Bird's-eye View of Handwriting by a Normal School Teacher.) —
Neatness One of the essential ele-
By E. F. EDEL, Northern Illinois State Teachers' CoUeee, DeKalb, III. ments in all writing is neatness. The
writing can be neat even though the
penmanship is poor. The paper should
be kept clean and free from blots or
Apupil can profitably use writing and can go through the exercise with- erasures.
in all branches of his school work. It out the aid of the teacher. But she Endings —
Care should be taken in
is essential that all such writing be does not stop there. She watches all grades that the beginning and end-
done freely, easily and with good pos- very carefully and gives personal help ings are well formed. That is, the
ture. Ideal posture not only stimu- here and there where it is needed, or initial stroke should swing upward
lates good writing but also insures re- directs other pupils as helpers. She is and forward into the first letter of
laxation of muscles, conservation of not satisfied until every pupil has a the word and the final stroke should
vision and good health. To accom- clear conception of what to do. At swing upward and away from the last
plish these results teachers of all first an onlooker may feel that this letter of the word.
grades must insist that the writing in teacher is wasting time. But she is (To be continued)
the routine school work be done in ac- actually saving time for every day in
cordance with the fundamental prin- the year, because by this painstaking
ciples laid down in penmanship guidance from the start .she is insur- MENTAL MEANDERINGS
classes. ing a good beeinning in all habits that (Continued from page 17)
It is of vital importance that the are to make for good writing. And pie have who have attained to their
writing of one grade connect perfectly the fact that a good beginning is half mortar-board and sheepskin.
with the writing in the next so that
pupils may not waste time and energy
way to accomplishment is just as true I —
think our schools all schools
in handwriting as in anv subject of should do more than most of them do,
at the beginning of each new term. effort. in teaching the youngsters what to
It is therefore essential that the Objectives avoid and what to read in our news-
teacher be familiar not only with the In the teaching of handwriting papers and magazines. The libraries
work of her own particular grade but there ai'e certain objectives to be ac- and reading rooms of many schools
with that of all grades, especially complished. are provided with the best current
those just preceding and following her 1. Creation of an atmosphere for periodicals, but in how many schools,
grade Many teachers who teach good writing. is there any effort made to teach the
other subjects efficiently fail to se- 2. A hygienic position (see topic pupils how to use them ? Not many,
cure satisfactory results in writing be- on position). I fear. In every school from the Fifth
cause they have no definite objective 3. Relaxation of muscles. Grade to the college, there ought to
in mind or any systematic course or 4. Muscular control. be an hour-period each week devoted
plan to follow. 5. A rhvthmic position. (See topic to currnt news, what goes on in the
Too often the training in writing is on rhythm). world each week, is historv and geog-
merely technical. It must be more f). Legibility. raphy and science IN THE MAKING.
than this. It must be according to the 7. Neatness. It js more important to all of us than
principles of the pedagogy and psy- 8. Speed. (See topic on grading). the knowledge of what went on twenty
chology of handwriting. The teacher 9. Endings. >earf or a hundred years ago. The
inust not only be able to write well 10. Light lines. (See topic on grad- Home, the School and the Printing
herself but also be able intelliaently ing). Press are the three great educational
to show others how to write well. She
Creation of an Atmosphere for Good
auencies, and thev ought to WORK
should be a good writer herself be-

Writing This depends largely upon TOGETHER.
cause a good copy stimulates interest.
But she must also know her subject the attitude the teacher takes toward
R. S. Collins, penman and world
this subject. In the lower grades she
so thoroughly that she can make the traveler, is off for another European
writing period alive and full of in- may use the short story method to tour. He and Mrs. Collins sailed on
terest. A good writing teacher works
give meaning to the writing lesson.
She may also give the pupils clear August 13 on the S. S. Pittsburgh to
with her pupils. She gives explicit be gone a year or longer and have
ideas of what to do by simple direc-
tlirections and is certain that every
tions, and by good clear demonstra- planned to visit the following' named
child understands these directions countries in the order given: Belgium,
tion.
clearly before she proceeds. She real- France, Spain, Northern Africa, Sicily,
izes that the mind must understand —
Relaxation of Muscles Muscular Italv, Switzerland, Germany, Den-
clearly what is to be done before the freedom must be cultivated bv con- mark, Sweden, Noi-wav, England and
muscles are able to perform the act. centration of thought upon this one Wales.
Therefore, every teacher in the ele- thing. This can be accomplished at
Until August 1, 1926, Mr. Collins'
mentary schools should not only be the beginning of the lesson, by roll-
ing the aiTn on the cushion-like mus- address will be in care of Morgan,
able to write well but be able to teach
cles of the forearm, and by dropping
Harjes & Co 14 Place Vendome,
,

writing as it should be taught. The


the amis to the side for a moment
Pari'^.France.
best way to receive this training is to doubt Mr. Collins is the
before hringine them upon the desk Without
take a penmanship course that should
for writing. If it is found that the greatest traveler the penmanship pro-
include such subjects as the Principles
pupils grip the pen too firmlv during fession has ever had. It does not seem
of Handwriting Psychology, and the
the lesson it is well to repeat this long since he returned from a tour of
Pedagogy of Writing and Methods of the world extending about three years.
Teaching Handwriting. These courses exercise often.
are offered at the different state —
Muscular Control This is developed We again wish him a pleasant and
teacher colleges, and similar institu- through the use of simple rhythmic profitable tour as well as a safe re-
tions. drills wliile all the children are work- turn to good old U. S. A.
It is stimulating to watch a good ine- in unison. The pupil must keep After sailing about an hour from
teacher of writinij eive instruction to a silent count and always be conscious New York he wrote us and exnressed
a class She carefully explains every- of what he is writing and how he is his feelings by quoting the following

thing how to sit in a healthful pos- writing it. verse:
ture; how to roll on the muscles of Legibility —
By legibility is meant

"I do not know I do not care
the forearm; how to make the two the ac'.ual form of the letters that re-
finger nails slide; and how the pen or late to their readableness, their con- How far it is to anywhere;
pencil is held. This she repeats until struction, points of similarity, distinc- I onlv know that where I'm not
every child in the I'oom understands tive characteristics or differences, re- Is always an alluring spot."
^ ^^^t^uJ//t^^^''i(i^iu^i^r' 25

HOW GOOD WRITING special if not undivided attention. Friends, I will take this privilege to
HELPS ENGLISH First, you must write clearly and dis- say
tinctly; second, you must use the same Your future depends upon your pres-
position for all of your writing so that ent day,
Many times in our school life we the writing will all be slanted in one A business training is a good invest-
have witnessed various incidents direction. Third, you must take ment for you.
which although they seem to be such enough interest in your work to look Come for yourself and see that is true.
trifling they are destined to
things up all words that you cannot spell, be-
important
cause misspelled words are very no- The Texas Business College
play a very part in our
ticeable in good writing. Also in good I prefer among all the rest
lives. Often times we are given a writing we must give marked atten- For a month here Ihave spent
copy of someone's handwriting and tion to the thought of sentences and And now I like best.
asked to read it. If the writing is paragraphs. If we do all these things,
poor we read it, but in a situation of thus showing we can produce good Mr. Gatlin is as fine a man
this kind we mistake a word for an writing, how can we but help gaining As ever you can find
altogether different one. If we read better and a more unlimited wealth of He has the experience
writing of this kind very frequently English. Next to health we will not And a well trained mind.
we at last get into the habit of not place wealth; but aim your farthest
pronouncing the words right because arrow to that far and most distant
But unlike most experienced teachers
it seems to take all our time in figur- mark "Better Writing." Mr. Gatlin is very humble and true
ing them out, or mistaking one word Annie B. Taylor, Teacher
His service he is always willing
for another thus not expressing our Beniamin Franklin Junior
To render to you.
thoughts clearly anti also making our High School.
audience absorb English that would New Castle, Pa.
be very distasteful. The old T. B. C.
If we have good legible writing, by Miss Velma Currier, last year com- Has the vim and the pluck
this I do not mean writing that is mercial teacher in the Brainerd, Minn., For nothing in this world
really beautiful to look upon, but Commercial College, has recently ac- Ever gained by luck.
merely writing that can be read with- cepted a position to teach similar work — T. J. Bond.
out straining the eyesight in order to in the Indianola, Neb., High School.
read it, we have accomplished one of Miss Ada B. Cameron, last year Head The above appeared in the Gatlin
the big tasks toward gaining perfect of the Shorthand Department of the
Gun, a folder published monthly by
English. Troy, N. Y., Business College, is to
In order to have good writing there teach shorthand and tvpewritnig in the students of the Texas Business
are three points which must be given the Perth Amboy, N. J.," High School. College, Weatherford, Texas.

Thi.* photonraph does not show all of those who attended the six weeks' Summer School of Penmanship conducted by R. E.
Wiatt in Miss Swope's School. Santa Cruz. California, last summar. There was not room enoucrh on the steps o£ the High
School to accommodate all. and quite a number were standing back in the doorway that the camera could not reach.
Mr. Wiatt is seen on the extreme right and Miss Swope is the lady appearing in front near the middle of the picture.

Mr. Wiatt reports that the summer session in Santa Cruz was a success from beginning to end one of the best schools
he ever conducted. Practically every teacher in the session took his work and those who did not take the work would have
done so had there been room for them.
His room accommodated 13(1 and every seat was taken at both general classes, many being turned^ away. He gave two
extra periods gratuitously and they were practically filled, notwithstanding that there were conflicts with other classes.
Mr. Wiatt. as is well knosvn. is a dynamo of enthusiasm in this work. The results he is securing in advancing the cause
of free, rapid handwriting can hardly be estimated. "While his work as Supervisor of Handwriting in the Los Angeles Schools
is probably enough for anyone to undertake in one year, still he finds time to conduct summer sessions in various places on
the Pacific Coast.
26 4^ *^J^U<i^i^d^^(i^iU:xi^^ ^
Signatures of Penmen and Teachers of Penmanship
Send yonr signature written in black ink, or better, a cat of your signature for this page, which will contain plain and fancy signa-
tures of men and women who are devoting their time and efforts to better penmanship.

teacher of penmanship for years in the East- Supervisor of Writing, Tacoma, Wash.,
man College, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. strong teacher of business writing.

Alcnm.C^lriii.
Principal of Accounting and Auditing Depart-
ment. Tiffin, Ohio, Business University. of the Probate Court, Akron, Ohio.

A famous signature of a famous penman now


traveling in Europe.

A bold strong signature by Siple of Cincin-


Business College.
nati. ManaKir of Guthrie. Okla..
Mr. Onyan is an engrosser in Rounds-Truman Mr. BoUs conducts a special class in penman-
Studio, Chicago. ship,cartoonuig and designing.
;

^ ^
f^^^^u*ii'/t^^(^i;^iu:a/^r'
ABC
27

Needed in Helps to Shows


Should Bookkeeping Be the "Core" getting a
job.
learn fur- the
ther de- mean-
of the Commercial Curriculum? tails ing of
larger
„ . factors
Hookkeepmg
, ,

5 10 jq
Stenography 10 10 q
Office Practice 10 lo
Penmanship 10
From the beginning: of the b will need to do after he graduates, but what Business English 10 10 5
movement bookkeeping has b he will need to learn. By teaching boys and Typewriting 10 .5 q
schools, the central study in t girls in school the things that will help them Business Law 5 10

course ^the "core" of the commercial curri- to learn the needed facts, principles and habits Salesmanship
Economics
5 5 10
culum. after they leave school, we shall lay a solid 10
Bus. Organization
In recent years several persons prominent foundation for their continued mental growth, 5 10
in commercial education have been telling us and thereby make possible for them the larg- I don't expect anybody to agree with this

that this is wrong that comparatively few est success to which their natural ability may classification in its entirety, although I
hope
commercial students go out to take jobs as carry them. most persons will agree with it in the main.
bookkeepers, and that therefore the study of Viewed in this light, the things we might Bookkeeping is given a rating of only 5 in
bookkeeping should not occupy such a promi- tearh in a commercial course may be divided getting and holding a job, because surveys
nent place in commercial education. into three groups: show that so few graduates of the commercial
When the writer heard this argument it Group A—
Studies which will be immediately course become bookkeepers. The subject has
seemed to him that there must be a flaw in useful in a business office, such as Filing. much value in putting the young man or
it. —
The fact^f it is a fact that most grad- Without some such knowledge, the student may young woman in touch with the details of busi-
uates of a commercial course take jobs as file he unable to get a start in business. ness, and is almost necessary to the owner or
clerks, bill clerks, stenographers, and other Group B—
Studies which will enable the stu- manager.
such positions, does not necessarily mean that dent to understand the details of the business,
these persons should not study bookkeeping and bring him in contact with the vital facts. Stenography has high value in getting a
job. and high value also in bringing the
and other subjects not immediately useful in Stenography is an example.
these first positions. Group C—
Studies which will enable him to stenographer in close touch with the details of
the business. But it has little or no value
We must remember, also, that employers understand the principles of business. Eco-
in giving a grasp of the larger details of the
keep telling us over and over that if we train
boys and girls in the "fundamentals" the em- In brief. Group A
will give him a start business.
ployers will teach them the details of their Group B him to advance Group C
will help : Office Practice will help the student to get
jobs after they are employed. will help to become manager or propre-
him and hold his first job. It will also put him
Everyone recognizes that a young man or tor, if his intelligence and his ambition drive in touch with the affairs of the office, and
young woman who is to make a success in him so far. There is here no question of "a enable him to learn the details of the busi-
life must learn a great deal after he begins job" versus life", but rather a question of ness. It will not be of great value in giving
his business career. We
should not expect a "The life on the job". I believe, of course, him a grasp of the larger aspects of the busi-
boy or girl to go from school to a job that that education should fit a man or woman
would give scope for his adult faculties, or to enjoy the finer things of life. But with Penmanship is a great help in getting a
that would pay a wage large enough to satisfy most of us it must first enable us to earn the job. It has little value in helping to under-
him all his life. We take it for granted that finer things. The need for a continued edu- stand the details of business, or in solving
he will advance to more responsible positions cation is not peculiar to commercial subjects. the problems of the manager.
and larger salaries. It is equally true of law, medicine, and indeed
But v.-e must not take it for granted also of most subjects. The law student who never Business EngHsh is needed for nearly every
job. from the office boy to the bondholder.
that such advancement will come merely as learns any more law after he is admitted to It
a result of time spent in business that ad-
; the bar will never be a good la^-yer. much helps to get the first position, it leads to fa-
vancement to high positions is by seniority, less a great one. The man who receives his miliarity with the details of the business, and
if it does not help directly in understanding
rather than by merit and that the additional
; A. B. or even his Ph. D. today will not be
knowledge necessary to fit the young man or conspicuous twenty years from now for what the larger problems of business, it is almost a
young women for high position will be ab- he knows, unless it be for what he has learned necessity for the man who would get to the
sorbed in the course of his daily work. Much during those twenty years. The old idea of position where he will be called upon to solve
less should we take it for granted that this "finishing" an education and being for the such problems.
absorbtion of further knowledge depends en- rest ofyour life a distinguished man or wom- _
Typewriting is often a passport to a posi-
tirely upon native ability, and not at all upon an no longer true.
is tion, and by bringing to the typist reports,
previous training. The commercial student must take one or business papers, and other important matters,
No one will question the importance of na- more studies described above under (A), in it assists him to learn the details of the busi-
tive abiiitv. but it certainly does not explain order that he may get and hold a job. What ness. It does not help in solving the prob-
all the difference in usefulness and earnings that study or those studies shall be, depends lems of management.
among business employes. We must recognize upon what he wants to learn from business. Business Law has little value in getting a
also that how much we will learn in a given He should approach his first job with the first job, but it does shed some light upon the
situation depends largely upon what we al- thought, "The most important thing I am to
If we knew nothing of multi- get from this job is a knowledge of business."
details of business. For the manager or
ready know. owner, it is quite essential.
plication, we could hardly learn to divide by Unless he is content to remain in that first Salesmanship as it is usually taught in high
long division, even though the process were job, he should choose some studies described
schools or business colleges, prepares only a
explained to us over and over. And if we under (B). in order that he may advance to few boys and girls for selling, and is there-
knew nothing of the structure of accounts, we a position requiring a knowledge of the de- fore given a rating of only 5 in getting a
could hardly learn to analyze a balance sheet. tails that can be learned only in business.
first job. It throws some light upon the de-
Furthermore, most successful men attain For example, an ambitious boy or girl should tails of business, and so is rated 5 in the
their success rather late in life. If Columbus not be content to remain very long an errand
second column. It is. or may be, of consid-
had died when he was fifty, he would not be boy or a file clerk, because these positions of- erable importance in grasping the larger
known as the discoverer of America. If Wash- fer limited opportunities for learning the de-
aspects of business, and therefore is given a
ington had died when he was forty, his part tails of business.
ambitious to become a busi- rating of 10 in the third column.
in the history of America would be limited to The boy or girl
his three expeditions to the headwaters of the ness man or woman should choose also some
No doubt many persons would give Sales-
Ohio, and few persons would have heard his or all of the subjects described under (C).
manship a rating of 10 in all three columns,
having in mind the personal qualities, such
name. In spite of the striking successes of because these studies help one to grasp the
as self-assurance, experience in meeting men,
a number of quite young men. it remains true facts of a business in their larger relations.
training in thinking, and character develop-
that the greatest achievements of great men Commercial education must be vocational,
ment, which are often taught in such a course.
are usually won after they are past middle age. but it must look beyond the first job to the
position the student may hope to secure in
Perhaps it could be taught with the idea of
Our boys and girls are going into a chang- fitting the student to continue learning, in-
ing business world. Think what changes have ten years, or in twenty, and so far as pos-

come in the last twenty years new inven- sible give him a start in the direction of that
stead of merely with the idea of enabling him
to take away the money of an unwilling cus-
tions like the radio and airplane, new trade position, and give him the training that will
tomer, and would merit such a high rating.
routes like the Panama Canal, new office de- help him to reach it.
vices like the visible filing systems and dupli- The young man or young woman starting Economics is of little value in getting a
job. and throws little light upon the details
cating devices. It seems likely that this proc- in business must think of his business career
of business but it is of very great importance
ess of change will continue, perhaps at an ac- as a chance to learn how business is done. He
;

He in understanding the larger problems of busi-


celerated speed, for a good many years in the therefore needs to do three things: (1)
future. This means that before the graduate must earn his way, (2) he mast have the op-
Organization does not help much
Business
of today can arrive at the age when he may portunity to learn further details, and (3) he
in getting a job. but does throw a little light
reasonably hope to win marked success, he will must know what it is all about. Wbat he
have to learn a great many new things. What should study in school must be determined by on the details of business. For the owner or
we are teaching him now will no longer ser\'e what he is ambitious to learn in business. If manager it is a valuable aid in seeing the
larger facts of business in their true relations.
him then. he is content to accept, and remain in, a sub-
But obser\-ation shows that most men quit ordinate position, then all he needs to study On the basis of this analysis, some conclu-
learning before they reach middle age. They is the technique of that position. If he is am- sions may be ventured as to the studies that
bitious to reach the top, then he should study
should be included in the curriculum of com-
stop growing before they get big enough to
the things that will be necessary in order to mercial high schools and business colleges. It
undertake big jobs. The facts and principles
I

is clear that every student who leaves school


that they have learned, the habits of action take the steps between the bottom and the top.
to take a position in a business office, whether
that have been drilled into them, do not fit On this basis we may venture to list some he be a graduate or not. should have had one
into the new conditions, and they are unable of the more common commercial subjects, and
to indicate their values. 10 indicating that the
or more subjects rated high in column A.
to forget these old things, and learn new ones.
I

subject has considerable importance to a ma- Perhaps if the student is very young he will
What thev were taught in school has some- be unable to make use of studies rated high
thing to do with this condition. What we jority of business students. 5 that it is of some
in column B, even if he has them. Only a
learn depends largely upon what we already importance to some students, and that it is
of slight importance to only a small number very few boys and girls under eighteen will
know. It follows that in making a curriculum (Continued on page 32)
we should consider not only what the student of students.
d^ f^^r^u<^'/i^^^^<^iua/h^

DESIGNING &
ENGROSSING
E. L. BROWN
Rockland, Me.
Send self-addressed postal for criticism, and
stamps fur return of specimens.

~\
mmm. Hlumination The more expensive res-
olution work is exe-
cuted in illuminated text, a style high-
ly developed in the ancient mona.'<-
teries.
The specimen shown in this connec-
tion, however, is not after the style
jllfrraS. li\x- iiiKi- .ntinilc"'ili-»Vuil«Mai;™twi!,
[^ popular with the ancient monks. The
original was executed in shades of
purple and red, but the color values
are lost to a certain extent in the re-
production.
First make a careful drawing of the
scroll work, with special attention to
form, balance, boldness and symmetry
in the curves. Aim particularly to
have the scroll work as a whole "hold
together", so to speak. Don't hurry,
in fact you cannot hurry work of this
class and obtain satisfactory results.
Next mix your colors, using cobalt
blue, Chinese white for body and a
few touches of Crimson lake, and the
mixture will be on a purple shade.
f^ y-mii^ J ;hs.so( i;>! ri<»>;
Add more water for the lighter tones.
^.teiiiufii.? With a pen filled with some of the
color diluted with water to produce a
faint line, outline scroll work. Erase
all pencil lines before adding color.
In the background use color with con-
siderable body and aim for evenness
of tone. If first wash is not dark
enough add another aiming for a flat,
even tone. The scroll work must be
By E. H. McGhee. Trenton. N. J., who reports that his engrossing business is good. lighter in tone than the background
for proper contrast. Observe the
places where the highest lights ap-
pear, and plan to leave the white
paper at these points. If by accident
you wash over these surfaces you can
ijuild up the high lights with Chinese
Miss Genevieve Kaiser i.s a new Miss Charlotte M. Kirk of Bar Har- white.
commercial teacher in tl:e Racine, bor, Maine, has accepted a position to When the washes are completed
Wis , High
School. teach commercial work in the Brewer, outline in India ink, and when your
Gerald Butler of Madi.son, Wis., will Maine, High School. work appears weak this heavy line
teach commercial work the coming L. C. Steele, recently with Rider will add strength and character. Use
year in the Steubenville, Ohio, High Chinese white for dots and lines.
College, Trenton, N. J., is a new com-
School. Next block in very roughly with
mercial teacher with the Norristown,
Miss Anna Roettger is a new teach- Pa., High School. pencil the text matter, which is a part
er in the Department of Business of of The School Teachers' Creed by Ed-
Berea College, Berea, Ky. win Osgood Grover. Pencil quite care-
Mr. D. W. Ferrier, last year com- the larger lettering including
mercial teacher in the Bethlehem, Pa., RHM<?(SHRR ,
fully
initial "I" giving special attention to
Busines.s College, has returned to his spacing, etc. Use waterproof ink.
iDF.SIfi\F.RJ|f1li:ii:f:<[|]:-iENGR0SSEI^
former position as commercial teacher Initial "I" and "B" are wrought in red
in the New London, Conn., Business outlined with black, and shaded with
;iu«M'*>x.N.-J.
College. a purple wash to harmonize with rest
Mr. L. Tjossem of Detroit, is a new of design.
teacher of penmanship in Strayer's The engrossing text was executed
Business College, Philadelphia. with a No. 2 '4 broad pen, underscored
Miss Ethel Hartwick, recently with [200 Sheets $|09
with a purple line. Strive to obtain
the High School at Bristol, Teiin has , 100 Envelopes!.-; uniform size and spacing in the letter-
just accepted a position to teach short- ing, and reflect on the sentiment ex-
,vhito bond
hand and typewriting in the Kimball nth writinK pressed.
School, New York City. rhes Use good materials including paints,
Ralph B. Tower of Greenfield, envelopes to match. Name and
address on e\'ery sheet and en- inks, paper, etc. Let us see the re-
Mass., is a new commercial teacher in ich dark blue. Plate Gothic type, up sults of your work on this lesson.
the Technical High School at Newton, West of Denver and outside of the
Mass. U. S. «M0. Sent C. O. D. if desired. We pre- LEARN DIPLOMA-ENGROSSING
pay postage. Satisfaction prxiarantcd. Order to- by Mail. Enrn 10 to 25 dollars per day. Com-
Russell L. Williams is a new com- day.BOOKLET AND SAMPLES FREE. Clarence f
plete 10-lfsson cour.sc, $5.00.
mercial teacher in the High School of ART STATIONERY CO., 1530 Taft Road A. French (dc 1' Academic des Beaux-Arts, Pnn '

Commerce, Springfield, Mass. CINCINNATI. OHIO— Agents Wanted. Engrosser, Address Box 119, Saugatuck. Miii
;

^ .^^^u^/i^M^£4<^iu^i^ir- 29

<>^^itj^ivat to mon\ni>
e Hutt what5C'c;\n- tRc

Ciii*>v ol'Kjnomjxc*? ,in Htc dtr

or;^tcack{axi), aix<> m ilic j<?u


ol vcrvntt) c»tlxcn>* .^^ i^clicv'c

man iuuv a>* wclTa^ inilxc


jHtj^cy da prmtcCv bool^fiv
riV>vu5 tatylU.uvH ^\> mticlv
lufpjvccpt a5 l>jf cxain|>lc, in
ability toxoorU u»itKtlwl*ian^<r
i\s xocSias K> tltmli tvuth tixc
ltca^.^) tdun^c m llu' pivycnt
au^ ib* op])ort;iiiiticy.in tile
hiturc a\\^ ity pivit vi5*.v. « . *

Read Mr. Brown's instractions on preceding page.


^ ^i^r^u^'n^d^d^(/ii^a/^

NEWS NOTES
Mr. H. M. Hill, Supei-visor of Writ-
ing, Columbia, S. C, recently paid us
a visit. Mr. Hill had with him some
very interesting specimens from his
pupils. One package contained the
specimens of pupils' writing upon en-
tering High School. Another package
showed the writing of the same pupils
later. It is remarkable the progress
shown by these specimens. We are
sorry that they would not reproduce.
Mr. Hill is getting very fine results. Miss Leora Carlson of Marquette, CALLING CARDS WRITTEN BY I
He is not only a skillful penman and Kans will teach commercial work the
,
OLIVER P. MARKEN,
fine teacher but is the author of "Pen- coming year in the St. John, Kans., |
1816 Buchanan St. TOPEKA, KANSAS, j
manship Made Easy", which book is High School. Ornamental 25c a dozen
used by his teachers.
Miss Irma Ehrenhardt is a new Script 35c a dozen
Elizabeth B. Davidson in Friends' commercial teacher in the Sullivan,
Central School, Philadelphia, Pa., is Ind., High School.
securing excellent results in penman-
ship. Miss Davidson is a very capable Miss Elizabeth Aiken of Henderson-
and open-minded teacher. She has ville, N. C, for several years commer-
held her present position since 1907.
In 1902 she held the position of Su-
cial teacher in the Steward School,
Washington, D. C, has been engaged
HI WAI
.J, YV /^L. TFR 222 Por»a«e Avenue
1 I1.I\ WINNEPFG. CAN-

pervisor of Writing in the Public to head the Shorthand Department of WESTERN CANADA'S MASTER PENMAN
Schools of Chester, Pa. In 1904 she the Scranton-Lackawanna Business Will send you two pages of the finest com-
attended the Zanerian College. College, Scranton, Pa. bination ornamental signatures, business
capitals, etc., ever produced in Western
In the Primary Grades the pupils Jesse White of Nelsonville, O is a ,
Canada $0.50
receive daily instruction in writing, in Set of business capitals and a forgery
new commercial teacher in the Pome-
proof signature of your name 20
the intermediate grades three times a roy, 0., High School. 3 dozen Visiting Cards 1.00
week and in the Junior High School Samples of Pen work 20
one lesson a week. The daily written No Free Specimens
work in all classes is very carefully
MULTUM IN PARVO
"Penmanship Made Easy" is the sanest route
supei-vised. In the upper classes 92% to good penmanship ever put in print. Sold on
of the students won Penmanship Cer- an absolute guarantee. Say "Mail Particulars". ARTHUR P. MYERS
H. M. HILL. Supervisor of Writing, Fine Art Engrosser of Resolutions. Testi-
which speaks well for the
tificates Columbia, S. C, Box 725. monials, memorials. diplomas. Certificates.
work being done by Miss Davidson Charters. Book Plates. Honor Rolls. Title
and other teachers in the Friends' Pages and Coat of Arms. Elegant designs for
Memorial Tablets. Tombs. Monuments. Silver-
Central School. ware. Fine Jewelry, etc. Send copy for esti-
mate.
ARTHUR P. MYERS, Artist Penman ,

Some fine specimens of Ornamental 963 E. Market St. YORK. PA.


Get a High School Course in Business Writ-
writing have been received from Ross ing at home. The copies and instructions are
R. Garman of Akron, Ohio. While the same I use in class room work. The Orna-
Mr. Garman does not follow penman- mental Course includes Lettering and Script. ENGROSSING of Resolutions. Memorials.
Send 25c for a dozen cards written in assorted Testimonials. Diploma filling a specialty, and
ship professionally he writes a very other classes including Show Card Writing in
fine professional style for the pleas-
styles. A. L. HICKMAN, able style of Pen Work. Also in-
312 S. Lorraine WICHITA, KANS.
ure which he derives from it. struction in Engrossing and Penmanship
NAME CARDS 35c doz. ; Add 10c extr through ( rrespondence. Send copy for esti-
doz. Courses in Business an mate.
CARDWRITERS & PENMEN Writing. Diploma Filling a specialty
PEARL DICKINSON, Dilworth, Minn.
BLANK CARDS— Lodfre emblem, comic, kid
finish, linen, These cards are the
tinted, etc.
beat on the market. Samples. 10 cents.
XMAS CARDS:— Ready by October 1st.
PRINTING FOR PENMEN, A SPECIALTY.
F. N. LAWRENCE. Portland. Indiana.

many penholders on the market; but the MAGNUSSON PROFES-


There are AN ORNAMENTAL STYLE. My course in
is the only penholder that has won its reputation on its
SIONAL own merit for Ornamental Penmanship has helped hundreds
ornamental writing. The thin stem which is so desirable cannot be made suc- become PROFESSIONALS. Send for proof.
cessfully with an automatic lathe, therefore they are HAND MADE of selected rosewood. (Look Your name on cards, (six styles) if you -send
for the brand). The A. "Magnusson Professional" hand turned holders are adjusted especially
10c. A. P. MEUB, Expert Penman. 2365 Mar
8 inch inlaid, 7.->c 12 inch plain, 75c; 12 inch Vista Ave.« Pasadena. Cal.
for penmanship. 8 inch plain, each 35c; ;

.nia.d. $1.35.
^ m^gnuSSON, 208 N. 5th STREET, QUINCY, ILL.

A PROFITABLE VOCATION
Learn to letter Price Tickets and Show Cards. It is easy to do RAPID. CLEAN CUT LET-
TERING with our improved Lettering Pens. MANY STUDENTS ARE ENABLED TO CON-
TINUE THEIR STUDIES THROUGH THE COMPENSATION I'FAIEIVED BY LETTERING
PRICE TICKETS AND SHOW CARDS, FOR THE SMALLER MERCHANT, OUTSIDE OF
SCHOOL HOURS. Practical lettering outfit consisting of 3 Marking andfigures
3 Shading Pens, 1
and alphabets
,r of Leltfring Ink, sample Show
Card in colors, instructions,
prepam
nrenaW ji.ju.
$1 00 PRACTICAL COMPENDIUM OF COMMERCIAL PEN LETTER-
r
ING AND DESIGNS 100 Pages 8x11, contain-
ing 122 plates of Commercial Pen alphabets LEARN AT HOME DURING SPARE TIME
finished Show Cards in colors, etc.— a complete Write for book. "How to Become a Good Pen-
r

instructor for the Marking and Shading Pen, man." and beaut if vii specimens. Free. Your
prepaid. One Dollar. name on card if you enclose stamp. F. W.
Dcpt. B PONTIAC, MICH., U. S. A. TAMBLVN, -106 RidRe Bldg.. Kansas City. Mo.
^ ,^MJ^u^n^d^£^/iua;^r- ^ 31

MIGM GRADE
$so,ooo
In the last three months, we have placed teachers in fourteen States, at salarie

DIPLOMASai- totaling fifty thousand dollars and we will still have, at this writing, three or fou
weeks of activity left. May we serve you?

CERTinCATES. The National Commercial Teachers Agency


(A
E. E. GAYLORD, Mgr.

Catalog and Samples Free


HOWARD & BROWN
ROCKLAND, MAINE.
of
OUR ILLUSTRATED CATALOG
fine penmanship supplies and publicatio
WE SPECIALIZE
Commercial
ship Teachers.
and
in

Send your
placing
Penman-
will be sent you free for the asking. Yi
application in now. Registration
should see ours before buying elsewhere.
FREE.
Home Study —Free Tuition
Law. Civil
THE ZANER-BLO.SER CO. The Commercial Service Agency
High School. Normal, Busin
Service. Engineering, Drawing. Domestic P, O. Box 618 ST. LOUIS, MO.
Science. Salesmanship id Collegiate courses
thoroug-hly taught by r 1. Typewriting course
free of tuition.
TEACHERS' AGENCY
Apply, Carnegie College, Rogers, Ohi

FOR SALE— s-""" ;s College and


ALBERT
Fortieth year. We need at all times
25 E. Jackson Blvd., Chicago
well trained men and women for work in
many
litory in Ozark Coun- C0MMERCL4L BRANCHES. Salaries good. In our Chicago office a departmental
try. Very healthful scenic Manager looks after this work. Write for information.
OTHER OFFICES:
location. Largre number of rooms available for
437 Fifth Ave., New York Symes Bldg., Denver Peyton Bldg.. Spokane
students, cheap. Ideal location for hustling
man and wife to make and save money. Will
take Scholarships in payment. Other business
reason for sellinR. Address C. H., care Busi- LARGEST TEACHER PLACEMENT WORK IN THE U. S.
ness Educator, Columbus, O, Under One Management— Direction of E. E. Olp, 28 E. Jackson Blvd., Chicago.

MANAGER WANTED— An experi- TEACHERS AGENrY, 28 E. Jackson Blvd. Chicago. Affilated officers in principal cities.
FISK
enced, wide awake manager and NATIONAL TEACHERS AGENCY, Sonthern Bldg., Washington; Security Bldg., Evanston, 111.
teacher for a long established and suc- AMERICAN COLLEGE BUREAU, Chicago Temple, Chicago; 1254 Amsterdani Ave., New York.
cessful Business College in a Middle
EDUCATION SERVICE, 1254 Amsterdam Ave., New York; 19 South LaSalle Street, Chic.go.
West city. An attractive proposition
and permanent connection for the
right man. Address Box 574, care
Business Educator, Columbus, Ohio. POSITIONS FOR TEACHERS-
BUSINESS COLLEGES FOR SALE
Splendid salaries, choice positions
Write for free literature state q
:

If you want to buy a business college or if colleges for sale. Write for partit
Address M. S. COLE. Secy.
you want to sell one advertise in THE
CO-OPERATIVE INSTRUCTORS' ASS'N, 41 Cole Bldg., MARION, IND.
BUSINESS EDUCATOR. Many schools

are bought and sold through advertisements

in the B. E. Experienced Business College Managers and Teachers Wanted!


Recently we have been asked to nominate candidates for several man-
agerial positions in business colleges, offering attractive salaries. Two
"HOW TO SELL" of thesecome from the South, one from a Western state and another
from a Mid- western city. High-class, experienced commercial teachers
The Money Ma kers" Magazine— "The Main En-
trance to Suect issful Selling." Tells how. when and department heads are also in demand.
and what to se 11. Puts you in touch with fast-
est selling line; and hundreds of reliable manu-
;
If you are interested in a change, try our service.
facturers- ny of whom require no previous
Famous contributors "brass Write us for our enrollment blank today.
experience. ;

tacks" departments: interviews with successful


men and women. $1.00 a year. Special com-
bination price with "The Business Educator"
both for $1.50. Sample copy free.
CONTINENTAL TE AC HERS' AGENCY.
HOW TO SELL BOWLING GREEN, KENTUCKY.
Department B. 443 S. Dearborn
E.. St..
Chicago, Illinois

>VANTED-TEACHERS University of Pittsburgh, Indiana, Pa., State


Teachers of Shorthand Gregg) and Bookkeep-I

ing (20th Century;) state age. if married, ex- Normal, and high schools in Detroit, Des
perience, salary earned in past, lowest salary
to begin with, make application in own hand- Moines, and other good cities, have selected
writing.
Address HOFFMANN'S MILWAUKEE BUSI- our candidates for the present school year.
NESS COLLEGE, 517-525 Wells St.,
Milwaukee, Wii Emergency vacancies for commercial teachers
are constantly on file. If available, now or
NORTHWEST SCHOOL. Equipment and ca- later,be sure to notify us.
pacity for 1011.Value of equipment .W.OOO.
Will sell for $3,000 cash, or $3,300 terms.
This will bear investigatii
THE SPECIALISTS' EDUCATIONAL BUREAU
577, BUSINESS EDUCATOR, ROBERT A. GRANT, President, Odeon Bldg., St. Louis, Mo.
Columbus, Ohio.
^^J^Uii/zieti^/^'^f/iu^i^^ ^
BOOK REVIEWS They will see that responsibility for inef-
ficiency and losses do not generally rest with
the department where costs are the highest.
Our readers are interested in books of merit, Other unusual features presented here for

Gillott's Pens but especially in books of interest and value


to commercial teachers, including books of
special educational value and books on busi-
the first time are the chapters on "The Ad-
vantages of Cost Accounting for Auditing"
and "The Legal Phases of Cost Accounting."
The book is inspirational, amply illustrated
The Most Perfect of Pens ness subjects. All such books will be briefly
reviewed in these columns, the object being to on different points, and linked with various
give sufficient description of each to enable exhibits so that the reader can trace an amount
our readers to determine its value. from one statement to another and thus see
the coordination of statements and reports.
One Hundred Master Speeches, Spe-
cial Occasions, by William Homer Commercial Art and Cartooning, by E.
Ames, Ph. B., and Paul A. Miller, C. Matthews. Cloth cover, 128 pages.
B. Published by the Public
D. Published by J. S. Ogilvie Publish-
Speakers Society, Harrisburg, Pa. ing Co., New York City, N. Y.
This book contains a complete course of
Cloth cover, 330 pages. self-instruction, containing over 125 illustra-
This volume is made up of speeches for tions.
MACNUM qUt U-PElT;/ special occasions including- holidays ; civic, re-
ligious, patriotic and social events literary
;

No. 601 E. F. Magnum Quill Pen and club programs and social gatherings. How to Paint Signs and She' Cards,
The work contained in the book is of orig- by E. C. Matthews. Published by J.
inal production written within the twelve
months immediately preceding the date of the S. Ogilvie Publishing Co., New York
Pens stand in the front rank as re-
Gillott's publication of the book, and has never before City, N. Y. Cloth cover, 145 page.s.
gards Temper, Elasticity and Durability. appeared in print. This fact, which will be This book is a complete course of self-in-
made evident by the most casual examination, struction, which has been revised and com-
gives this work a unique character and value. bined with THE COAST TO COAST BOOK
JOSEPH GILLOTT & SONS OF LETTERING AND DESIGN, including
over 100 Alphabets and Designs, also Chapters
One Hundred Master Speeches, Edu- on How to Mix Paints. The Silk Stencil Proc-
SOLD BY ALL STATIONERS cational by William
Addresses, ess. Gilding by Solution, and all the latest
Homer Ames, Ph, B., and Paul A. tricks of the trade.
Alfred Field & Co.. Inc., Sole Agents Miller, B. D. Published by the Pub-
Speakers Society, Harrisburg, Mr. and Mrs. H. R. Mathiesen of
93 Chambers St. NEW YORK CITY lic
Oakland, California, announce the
Pa. Cloth cover, 272 pages.
birth of their daughter, Shirley Anne,
It has been the object of the authors of Wedne.'^day, August 12.
this book to cover the principle topics of cur- Mr. Mathiesen was formerly a rep-
THE AMERICAN PENMAN rent thought and to present within the limits
of a thousand word address a concise discus-
resentative of the Zaner & Bloser
America's Handwriting^ Magazine sion of each subject, reliable and accurate in Company in California, The BUSI-
Devoted to Penmanship and Commercial <lata and in correct form with a due regard
to the requirements of oratorical expression.
NESS EDUCATORextends heartiest
Education
It is hoped and believed that this book will
congratulations to Mr. and Mrs.
Contains Lessons in be helpful and encouraging to the student, the Mathiesen.
Business Writing teacher, the officers and members of socie-
Accounting ties, lodges, clubs and other organizations, the
Ornamental Writing business and professional man. and to every SHOULD BOOKKEEPING BE THE
Lettering
Engrossing
one who has an
audience.
occasion to speak before an CORE OF THE COM'L
Articles on the Teaching and
CURRICULUM
Supervision of Penmanship. (Continued from page 27)
Cost Accounting, by W. B. Lawrence,
Yearly subscription price $1.25. Special be entrusted with important details of book-
C. P. A., Director of Cost Account- keeping or correspondence. The subjects rated
ciub rates to schools and teachers. Sample
copies sent on request. ing and Statistical Department of high in column C are not needed for the boy
American Photo-Engravers Associa- or girl who cannot or will not go farther than
THE AMERICAN PENMAN a routine job. On the other hand, they are
tion; Professor of Accounting, De essential to the man or woman who wishes to
55 Fifth Avenue NEW YORK Paul University; member National rise to an important position in business. They
Association of Cost Accountants. might therefore be made elective in the Senior

ORNAMENTAL
CARDS 35c doz.
Published bv Prentice-Hall Co., New
York City. Cloth cover, 528 pages.
year in High School, or taught in continuation
or night schools, or in college.
So far as this discussion sheds light upon I

SAMPLES 15c The attitude taken in the preparation of the question of whether or not Bookkeeping
J. R. McAllister, Penman. this book is that cost accounting is primarily should be the core of the commercial curri-
Strathers. Ohio. an accounting function. As the work of the culum, it seems to favor the affirmative. While
cost accountant touches the fields of industrial it is true that a comparatively small per cent
engineering and management, emphasis is of commercial students go into positions that
placed upon accounting procedure, while the might be called "bookkeeping jobs." yet the
economic aspects are given secondary consid- facts remain that a knowledge of bookkeep-
eration. In other words, the purpose of this ing is useful in learning the significance of
book is to make better cost accountants. the details of business, and is essential for the
It is an all embracive work, covering the manager of a business. Office Practice is
subject from both the elementary and ad- probably a better entering wedge, but is not a
vanced points of view. Unusually complete satisfactory "core".
details of estimating and specific cost systems I venture to suggest that we have not yet
are provided. improved upon this trio of subjects as the
Controlling accounts are discussed at con- core of the commercial curriculum:
siderable length and their importance in cost Bookkeeping and Office Practice (the lat-
accounting clearly indicated. Manufacturing ter taught separately, perhaps, as an introduc-
oJpecial anentfion given expenses are covered in a practical manner tion to Bookkeeping! to give the student a
-io reproduclHon ofScnpi which is easily understood. The method fol- mastery of the technique of business.
lowed is that of considering production costs Business English to enable the student to
and Venmanship Copies in a simple manner and developing the com- express what he knows.
pUcHted phases in logical successive steps. Salesmanship (broadened) to develop the
The treatment of selling and administra- personality of the student to the size required
^TTie *Tjerr^y° tive expenses will, in themselves, interest the
many business men and accountants who have
for big jobs, and to furnish the driving power
to carry him to a position as high as his nat-
En^pavin^ Co. felt the need for material on this subject. ural abilities will support him.

Engravers r

Designers The Bryant & Stratton College, Providence, (Harry Loeb Jacobs, Presi-
' dent; also President of the Eastern Commercial Teacher's Association)
Illustrevtors has the State right to grant Degrees. Mr. Jacobs buys his Sheepskin
and Parchment Diplomas from us.
Columbus, Ohio Glud to .soirf samples arid prices if you wish them.

Martin Diploma Company Boston


^ f^^^u^'/i^d^ia^e/iua^ ^ 33

Miss Laura Abbott of Magnolia,


Mass., is a new commercial teacher in
the High School at Hyannis, Mass.
James A. Briggs, for several years
head of the commercial work of the
Lisbon Falls, Maine, High School, has
been elected to teach coinmercial work
in the High School at Manchester, N.
H., thecoming year.
George S. Menkee of Belding, Mich.,
has accepted a position to teach com-
mercial work in the High School at
Owosso, Mich.
Joseph J. Statz of Easthampton,
Mass., is a new commercial teacher in
the Drake Business School at Jersey
City, N. J.
Miss Estelle Pfaff of Wyoming, O.,
has been elected to teach commercial
work in the Wauseon, O., High School.

TO TOUCH TYPEWRITING
Signatures by W. A. Botts, the skillful penman and artist.
VIA GUIDE KEY CROWNS,
THE FAR BETTER WAY
Miss Ellen M. Merrick of East- Miss Rebecca K. Fishell is a new M. SCOUGALE, Weatherford, Texas
lampton, Mass., is a new commercial commercial teacher in the Palmyra, N.
:eacher in the New London, Conn., J., High School.
Susiness College^ John W. Neuner of Port Chester,
Miss Louise M. Dreves of Greeley, N. Y., is the new head of the com- HAVE YOU SEEN THE
lolo., is a new commercial teacher in mercial work in the Danbiiry, Conn,,
;he Wliite Bear Lake, Minn., High High School. JOURNAL OF COMMERCIAL
Ichool. Newbegin of Boston has
Charles D. EDUCATION?
W. H. Martindill of Chicago, has re- been chosen to head the commercial (formerly the Stenographer &
cently been elected to teach commer- work of East Greenwich, R. I., Acad- Phonographic World)
cial work
in Strayer College, Wash- emy for the coming year. A monthly magazine covering all depart-
ments of Commercial Education.
ngton, D. C. .Miss Bessie McRae is a new com- Strong departments presided over by well-
Joseph J. Bevins, last year head of mercial teacher in the High School at known teachers for those who teach any
;he commercial work of the Bryant & South Hamilton, Mass. branch of commercial education, including
business administration, accountancy, and
Stratton Commercial School, Manches- Miss Ellen F. Jennison has been court reporting.
ter, N. H has recently accepted a
,
elected to teach commercial work the THE ONLY MAGAZINE OF ITS
similar position with the State Nor- coming year in the Rutherford, N. J., KIND PUBLISHED
High School. Single copv 15c. Annual subscription $1.50
mal School at Plymouth, N. H. Send for Sample Copy.
JOURNAL OF COMMERCIAL EDUCATION
44 N. 4lh St. PHILADELPHIA, PA.

fcaiibllkOri)illela.5mill\

Ainouuce tke mxiw^i & fcir iiaugfcr


Spencerian
School Pens
Horenccillme Spencerian Steel Pens are
the best for schools
because they outwear any two
ordinary pens. They retain
io
their smooth-writing points
longer against the misuse and
hard wear that children put
lllr.llomaTi'JoiDer upon pens. Children become
better writers quickly with
these good tools.
For more than half a cen-
oiill1e^iie5iiaii,.Hiuui5t tke iiuentii-Bixili tur>' Spencerian Steel Pens
have been the standard for
school pens. Twelve school

pens three of each number
one tliou5aii^ nine Imiikf^ tmb iiDcntivfine and our handwriting booklet
lil on receipt of ten cents.

Please mention this publica-


llcnncr.Coloraiio
Spencerian Pen Company
349 Broad%vay New York
.Vo.1 —College, fine point;
double elastic.
Xo. 2 — Counting House,
excellent for bookkeep-

fine point;

UenufT, Coioraiii)

Mr. Tower, teacher in Barnes Comm


of Denver lettered his own wedding
Congratulations. Mr. Tower.
— — ! ! a -

34 ^ f^J^gf^'/mU^^d^i^j^^
The Zanerian Roster-
The older folks with "G" to tussel.
In Dixie Land from fair Tennessee
DR. FREEMAN VISITS
Come our Lucilie and Mildred Grigsby. THE ZANERIAN
Summer 1925 Reynolds and Hudson's typical brogue
Is thought by many as right in vogue.
Dr. Freeman seemed enjoy his visit at th^
to

At the Zanerian on Park Street, While Morgan and Collins' fine southern draw I
Zanerian nearly as much as we enjoyed havi:
From eight to four our classes meet. —
You'd like to acquire now, wouldn't "you-all" ? him with us. While he was here, he ga\L-
E. W. Bloser our writing does scan three very inspiring and instructive addre-
And puts on a seal whenever he can. To Wisconsin something we o\\e
Robert Bloser whom all like to know. For didn't she send to us a Snow, on the various phases of teaching handwritii -

Has charge of the office work below. A Loorais. Pew, and Madge Guequierre ? Our student body were quite anxious i li :

Lupfer our principal and critic fair. The last obtained a red seal rare Dr. Freeman prolong his visit and undert< -

Teaches us to do our script with great care. Michigan sent us only a single,
Chambers with Savage and Thompson, too. —
A sweet dainty maiden Olive Pringle.
Five Hoosier folk answer "Here I am",
to show their apjireciation of his lectures I
>

Tell us what and what not to do. presenting him with a beautiful and servir,
Arnold, from Spokane, on his way West, Ewing, Boyer. Godfrey. Buzzingham ;
able fountain pen.
Stayed for two days to give us his best. James, who gets "scairt" when teaching us all
Moore has talks that help us a lot ;
Also answers to this state's call.
Freeman, from Chicago, too was brought Three we have from the great Illinois. Mr. and Mrs, C. S. Gilbert spent a
And taught us a psychic way
in To know thes^ people is a great joy.
How to teach writing in this day. Walker and Black for seals are in line. pleasant week during their summei-
So to "carry over" let us try Hanawalt, too. is doing just fine. vacation visiting the Zanerian aiul
A lesson in Geography, Voth and Gale from Kansas are seen ;
g-etting acquainted with various pen-
And if you think you'll like the trick. Voth has a seal, its color is green.
We'll add a little Arithmetic.
men and supen-isors in attendance.
Since Grammar, too. must have a place. Lunde from Canada came to write. Mr. Gilbert is penmanship teacher in
Throughout this work the noun please trace. His work in all lines pleases our sight. the Mansfield, Pa., State Normal
From state to state we'll travel slow ; From Fargo. Dakota, Vetsch came to school ;
School, and is a distinguished chalk
Come now, just see which ones you know. He is a good pupil, obeys every rule.
Lund and Krupp are from the northwest. talker. He gave the students of the
Connecticut, we first shall tell. Their work in writing is surely the best. Zanerian a most interesting and help-
Has sent us Cotton and Pikiell. Lund studies round hand, he's quite in demand. ful talk.
While old New York was not "agin" us. For Minnesota, these take a firm stand.
For here is Spaulding. Madden. Innes, Frank H. Arnold, who conducted a
Chambers and Young, a group of five. Lembke from Iowa, says beyond doubt. Zaner Method Summer School at Sea
All for good writing they daily strive. That Iowa cornstalks put all monkeys to rout
New Jersey's rep is close to the top Shore, N. C, spent a number of days
Nebraska state they surely did ravage
'Tis none other than Marie Bishop. Until they found for us a Savage. on his return trip in the Zanerian,
Delaware sent Evans so straight and tall. Who surely does make things move along where he gave the student some very
We know as a friend he's admired by all. With his witty sayings and jolly song. interesting and valuable talks on
While Irene Tauchen and Angeline
Pennsylvania, the Keystone State. Add zest to the music, they're both fine. methods of teaching penmanship.
Believes in writing quite up to date. California, on the Western shore. He is a live wire in penmanship
For she sent us a group of twenty-two. Sent to these portals a fine group of four. and is overflowing with penmanship
To learn the best work and the methods new. A Susie Miller and Jessie Keppel, enthusiasm and information.
From this state and the home of a Quaker. Beloved by all you can easily tell ;

Comes our good friend. Esther Whit-a-cre. Hackman. who taught us a lesson so fine :
Mr. Arnold is the supei*visor of
While Philadelphia, so big and swell. Purcell. though youngest, is right up to time.
Sent Mary Murdie and Lily Darnell.
writing in the Spokane, Wash., public

Scranton sent Phillips Martha we say Some advice is here given below,
know).
schools, where he has become na-
Kinsel from Altoona. four weeks did stay. (All from Ohio we want you to tionally famous.
To name all the towns, there's no use tryin*. Le Gaily use the Higgins' fluid.
They sent to us Shallenberger. Ryan. In Dailey work you always should. Mr. and Mrs. C. A. Barnett were
Sabatos. Newark. Glossner. (that's Don. The Penn then Wiseley used will do visitorsat the Zanerian College of
Who furnished some fun when teaching was on) , Work for Smith. Zerkle. Welch or Pugh.
Some tried for seals and won them real soon. No Mar— shall we find on any work done Penmanship, Columbus, Ohio, where
A green for Markle, a red for Maldoon. By either Davis or Livingston. their daughter, Mrs. Harriet Penn,
There's Hawthorne. Tombaugh. Fulmer, Shidler. You'll Haver-field in which to try
Burkholder. too. not one an idler. The skill of Riebel or Mandry.
was a summer school pupil. Mr. Bar-
Llewellyn and Tyson sit side by side. Stolebarger shall shout in great glee nett supennses the writing in the
To be model pupils they both have tried. "lams as happy as happy can be"! Cleveland, Ohio, public schools.
Knowlson and Patterson, busy have been Grentzenberg '11 print a big sign well
Doing their printing with a broad Soennecken. Aided by Montieth and one Hartzell.
Mr. Barnett is a jovial, all-around
Roth from Harrisburg hiked all the way.— "Williamson's tardy, but just you wait. !"
good fellow.
At Zanerian next winter he'll stay. Some day you'll hear that his work is great
Now to write Zaner Method wherever they go Mrs. Emma Grayce Peed and Mrs.
West Virginia sent a quintette. Is the great wish of Shcafor, Donnell and Boe. Anna H. Lloyd, assistant Supervisors
That better in writing they might get. of Writing in Indianapolis, Ind., were
First Nina Christie we shall meet. In this sketch it has been intention.
With hearty welcome each one she'll greet. Each name upon the roll to mention. among some of the supei-visors and
Two others from Clarksburg made the trip. We hope none we've missed as we wrote along- teachers to visit the Zanerian and to
Eiizal>eth Wolf and Stella Philip. For there's a number in this busy throng. take advantage of the lectures given
McKinney and Gould good writers would be. Why do they seek the warm summer through

Please notice their work quite fine you will see. To come to Zanerian so much work to do? by Dr. Frank N. Freeman, on the
The reason you'll learn, when you too. attend. Teaching of Penmanship. Both Mrs.
The Blue grass State would this work acquire: So plan next summer with us to spend. Peed and Mrs. Lloyd are former Za-
From there come Craig and Grunkemeyer.
They teach the young to "roll the muscle". —A ZANERIAN— '25,

The 1925 Summer School was one of the largest in the history of the Zar M'ian College. Above is a photograph of the summer school pupils,
Not Quite all are represented in this picture. This jrroup of students is co n])Osed of teachers a id supervisors of many years of experience.
and those who are just bonlnninK their training as special teachers of pci manship. They corr from various states, from California to
Maine and from Texas to the Dakotas. Probably no finer lot of people ev r attended a penmar hip summer school. It was one of the most
skillful classes we have ever had the pleasure of Irainine. Over thirty-fi e in this class reat ,ed the Professional Certificate standard—
standard reached only by few penmen.
In addition to the regular classes in penmanship and methods the talks by Dr. Frank N. Freeman of th^ University of Chicago. Mr.
Frank
H. Arnold. Supervisor of Writing. Spokane. Wash., and others helped to make the summer school work intensely interesting and helpful.
We plan next year to have an even larger attendance. Now is the time to plan for next summer.
^ ^/l^^U^>t^d^^4^iU^fi^ ^

Adhesives for
(tha.rtne Dceplif and Penmen
stncerBli|
los;§
tit

of aitr bciaiieD
nurn The GRTORS
E A
of
-

fine penman-
lit?0.t;h.er- fi^p nt o iit^
- .^hip find
H I COINS'
§tJCteti| att&thartne. A d h e .sives
.supreme for
m ounting
ttiill supiilij his plaiv their finest
specimens.
with, nnattt.cr surb H GGINS'
fattttful. rtcriue axi& PHOTO
I

MOUNTER is recommended for the finest and


devptcft • iriEmbcrt most delicate work. A stiff, "set" paste, it will
hold all specimens perfectly flat, without warping,
wrinkling- or discoloring.
HIGGINS' VEGETABLE GLUE, a fragrant,
cream colored adhesive, costs less than PHOTO
MOUNTER, and is admirably adapted for quan-
tity work, but is not guaranteetl against dis-
coloring the paper.
rk fr Ma HIGGINS' ENGROSSING INK and HIGGINS' Adhesives
the third pa of illu ted Album Resolution. are indisijensable implements for professional penmen. Insist
t" in the word "Resolve" wa s in f^old, purple and on them.
ith a black outline. The sma II letters of the word
e" were in two shades of pre y with a lighter grey
These letters were iiainted ir with a brush,
I

al flowers in the pane! at the bottom were


GHAS. M. HIGGINS & Go.
•ith utlij iginal abou 271 Ninth Street Brooklyn, N. Y.
the CHICAGO LONDON

ZANERL4NS last summer should be mentioned


here. We
refer to Miss Eulah Pugh,
The persons conducting the Zaner- daughter of Dr. H. G. Pugh, Arm-
strong's Mills, Ohio. Mr. Pugh at-
EDWARD C. MILLS
ian College of Penmanship can and do tended Mr. Bloser's classes in Ober- Script Specialists
feel justly proud of its students for lin, Ohio, more than forty years ago p. O. Drawer 982 ROCHESTER, N. Y.
it isdoubtful whether a worthier class and has kept in touch with what we The finest script for Bookkeeping Illus-
Now trations, etc.. copy for which is prepared
ever attended any institution. We are are doing all of these years. Send copy for estimate.
for the engraver.
proud of them because of their will- when the age of his young daughter
ingness to work, of their eagerness to permitted he and her mother accorn-
panied her here, to have her start in LEARN ENGRAVING BY MAIL
learn and improve, of their sociability,
the work, and paid us a most de- Through the popular Plummer System of In-
of their good-will and helpfulness, and struction. Moderate fees, easy terms. Write
lightful visit.
because of their high moral qualities. for free booklet containing beautiful Mono-
Never since the institution was Miss Pugh is a bright, active, at- gram designs printed from copper plate-
established in 1888 has there been
tractive young lady who swings the
The Plummer School of Engraving
pen like a professional. If it were
anything of the nature of a scandal
possible to call together again the
among Zanerian students.
On account of the high moral stand- Zanerian summer students, and some
ard maintained by the students, one should ask how about Miss Pugh,
cheers would resound followed by a LEARN ENGROSSING
around whom few restrictions are
placed by the faculty, anxious fathers
unanimous. She's All Right! in your spare time at home.

B
Thirty Lesson Plates and
and mothers do not hesitate to send Printed Instructions mailed
their sons and daughters, feeling con- to any address on receipt of
two dollars. Cash or P. O.
fident that they are not only receiv- Money Order.
ing the best instruction to be obtained P. W. COSTELLO
in our special work, but are also in
good company socially.
TEACHERS Engrosser. Illuminator and
Designer
You are interested in the Texts that Scranlon Real Estate Bldg.
While we are pleased to welcome all SCRANTON, PA.
who come, we always feel highly are most satisfactory to both teacher
gratified when former Zanerian pupils and pupil. The Byrne Series of Com- FRANCIS LEON TOWER
send their sons and daughters to take mercial text have won such a reputa- respectfully announces further that he is pre-
tion with some of our larger private pared to e-xemplify the practical application of
the course in their Alma Mater. This plain and ornamental penmanship through giv-
is now happening quite frequently. and public schools. Fill in and mail ing personal instruction or lessons by mail. No
Last summer Miss Mildred Zerkle for descriptive price list. machine work, but the "real stuff". There-
fore. I solicit the patronage of those who really
of Springfield, Ohio, daughter of E. T. Byrne Publishing Co. Dallas, Tex. aspire to improve their handwriting, or become
Zerkle, a 1898 Zanerian, attended our skilled in the uses of the pen. Remember the
secret, "start right". Further information
six weeks' summer session and proved
Name cheerfully given on application. Address 501
herself to be a lady of the finest Pleasant St., Hammonton, New Jersey. (Look
qualities. for adv. in November issue of the Business
Another lady who took our course Educator).
: : : :

36 ^T f^J^uJ/zi^i'i^deu^i/^ ^

PENMANSHIP SUPPLIES
Prices subject to change without notice. Cash should accompany all orders.
All goods go postpaid except those listed to go by express, you to pay express charges. Of
course, when cheaper, goods listed to go by express will be sent by parcel post, if you pay
charges.

PENS PAPERS
Zanerian Fine Writer Pen No. 1. Zanerian 5 lb Paper (wide and narrow rule)
gr $1 75 1,4 gr $ .50 1 doz $ .20 1 pkg. of 240 sheets by express $1.50
Zanerian Ideal Pen No. 2, Zanerian Medial Zanerian 6 tb Paper (wide and narrow rule)
Pen No. 3, Zanerian Standard Pen No. 4, 1 pkg. of 240 sheets by e.xpress $2.00
Zanerian Falcon Pen No. 5, Zanerian Busi-
ness Pen No. 6. Zanerian 7 lb Paper (wide rule)
1 pkg. of 240 sheets by express
gr $1.25 M gr $ .40 1 doz $ .15 $2.25
Special prices in quantities. We also handle Zanerian .\zure (Blue) Paper:
Gillott's, Hunt's, Spenceriaii and Esterbrook's 1 pkg of 240 sheets by express $2.00
pens. Write for prices. Zaner Method No. 9 Paper (% in. rule, 8xl0'/j)
1 pkg. of 500 sheets, not prepaid $ .85
Broad Pointed Lettering Pens.
Complete set (12 pens) $0.35 100 sheets by mail postpaid 50
doz. single pointed pens 15 Zaner Method No. 15 Paper (% in. rule,
doz. double pointed pens 30 8.XIOI/2):
doz. single pointed, any No 25 1 pkg. of 500 sheets, not prepaid $1.50
doz. double pointed, any No 60

PEN HOLDERS INKS


Zanerian Fine Art Oblique Holder, Rosewood: Zanerian India lak:
11 1/2 inches $1.25 8 inches $1.00 1 bottle._ $ .40 1 doz. bottles express... $4.00
Zanerian Fine Art Straight Holder, 8 inches..$1.00 1 bottle Zanerian Gold Ink 25
Zanerian Oblique Holder, Rosewood: 1 bottle Zanerian White Lik 30
lUi inches $ .75 8 inches $ .65 Arnold's Japan Ink:
Zanerian Expert Oblique Holder, 7'/z inches: 1 bottle, 4 oz. postpaid $ .50
doz $1.25 V^ gr $6.50 1 pint by express 75
1 only $ .20 1
1,4 doz 75 14 gr 3.50 1 gr 12.00 1 quart by express 1.15

Excelsior Oblique Holder, 6 inches: Zanerian Ink Powder:


1 quart package $ .30
1 only $ .15 1 doz $1.20 1^ gr $5.50
14 doz 70 14 gr 3 00 1 gr 10.00 6 packages or more, per pkg., net 22 V4
Zanerian Ink Tablets (both red and black)
Zaner Method Straight Holder, T'/z inches:
1 quart box, 32 tablets $ .30
1 onlv $ .15 1 doz $ .60 i-j gr $2.65
6 boxes or more, per box 221,2
I2 doz 36 I4 gr 1.50 1 gr 4.80
1 Triangular Straight Holder, 7 inches $0.25
'4
FINE WHITE CARDBOARD
1 Correct Holder, hard rubber, 6% inches 25
1 Hard Rubber Inkstand 70 White Wedding Bristol: Size 22x28:
1 Good Grip PenpuUer 10 6 sheets, postpaid $ .90
1 Inkholder for Lettering 10
12 sheets, postpaid 1.65

CARDS 2 sheets by mail, postpaid 50


White, black ana six different colors: LARGE SHEETS OF PAPER
100 postpaid, 30c; 500 express (shipping weight
2 lbs.), $1.00; 1000 express (shipping weight
4 lbs $2.00.
Zanerian, 16x21 — 32 lb. (smooth surface):
),
6 sheets by mail, postpaid $ .50
Flourished Design Cards:
20 sheets by mail, postpaid 1.50
With space for name. Two different sets of 12
each. Every one different. Ledger, 16x21—30 lb. (smooth hard surface):
2 sets, 24 cards... .$ .20 6 sets, 72 cards $ .40 6 sheets by mail, postpaid $ 65
3 sets, 36 cards 25 12 sets, 144 cards .70 12 sheets by mail, postpaid I.IO

Write for complete Penmanship supply Catalog

THE ZANER-BLOSER CO., Penmanship Specialists, Columbus, Ohio


^l]!!|l|' llUinll! Ill lllllll

t^ .Jti>^Jt^ .J/n^.^Jth^i. ^^kTi^.4t^^ JtiK.Jtyi^ ^iC ^ ^.i-fh..^v>. ,.^

VOL. XXXI NOVEMBER, 1925 NUMBER 3 Tl

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.Entered at Post Office, Columbus.Ohio as szcond cl^ss raatt^r.


liilaiiJI!lii!lii!!li^ Mii[i>\\viiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiin/,//iiijiiiiiinii;4iinuiiiMiininiiiiiiHiiiiOT[i
^ C^i^'^uJ//t^^(^'ii^iu^r^ ^

A World-Wide Txiwmph.

THE success of the New


Remington Standard 12 is
testify
machine
that
it is
as a "teaching"
incomparable. It

universal. extends over the


It is simple; it is strong; it will

entire civilized world, and it stand the hard knocks. It is


includes every kind and char- swift, light running, and easy

acter of use and user. Business to operate. And it literally

houses, large and small, and helps the operator to turn out
business schools everywhere good work. The writing ma-
agree that this NewRemington chine which combines all ot
is the greatest value among these qualities is the natural
standard writing machines. preference of school teachers
and students wherever type-
Leading business educators writing is tauaht.

REMINGTON TYPEWRITER COMPANY


374 Broadway, New York

REMINGTON
Standard Since \hc Invention of the Writing Machine
:

.^Jf^u^n^^^/iu^i^T^ ^
AN ALL-ROUND BUSINESS TRAINING IN THE
CLASS ROOM FOR BUSINESS SCHOOLS
For Free-hand Writing
The elastic action and fine,
smooth point of Esterbrook's
No. 453 make this pen a favor-
ite in many schools and com-
mercial colleges.
it Each Esterbrook pen is a fine
steel instrument, delicately-
fashioned and adjusted to ful-
fil one purpose: to help make

handwriting easy and readable.


Sefi</15 cents for the 12 most popular pens
in the world; booklet of 100 famous auto-
graphs will be sent free.
Address Depanment B. E.
Mfg Co.
Esterbrook Pen Mfg.
:

Camden, N.J.
Carxadiar
See It Free Agenl5,
tern transfers to the class room actual business con-
^Town Bros.,^
The student fills positions as
Ltd.
BUYER Toronto
SALES MANAGER
AND
GENERAL MANAGER
es confidence as well as an all around business

Our Systems fit into your courses. The technique


plishes results.
Send for our Price List ,ind Exanlinati )n Copies
Bookkeeping Systems.
accom
of ou
^ Always a FRESH

ELLISPUBLISHINGCOMPANY
Educational Publishers.
Battle Creek MICHIGAN

^"^ '""
New Edition
Metropolitan iT
Metropolitan By U. G. Potter
^^^^-'-
Business McKinley High School
Chicago
System of
Speller Bookkeeping
Over 6000 words. New lessons contaii inp words perta You Will Like It. The text emphasizes the thought side of
to Aeroplanes. Radio. Automobiles, etc. Complete Index the subject. It stimulates and encourages the reasoning pow-
pages, attractive binding, 50 cents. er o£ the pupil. Pupils acquire a knowledge of the subject as
well as facility in the making of entries. It is a thoroughly

A seasoned, therefore accurate, text supported by complete


Superior Speller Teachers' Reference Books, and Teachers' Manual.
Twofold Design. In the preparation of the Metropolitan
Business Speller we had constantly in mind two objects Parts I an II text is m
elementary course suitable for
first, to teach the pupil to spell, and second to enlarge his any school ii which the iubject is teught. Two semesters
vocabulary, especially of words in general use. are required n High Schi ols and a correspondingly shorter
Classification of Words. As an aid to the memory we have time in more intensified c

classified words, as regards sounds, syllabication, accents and


meaning. We have grouped the words relating to each par- Parts III and IV text is suitable for an advanced course
ticular kind of business into lessons, by which the student is following any modern elementary text. We make the state-
enabled to familiarize himself with the vocabulary of that ment without hesitation, that this is the most teachable,
business. We have interspersed miscellaneous exercises in most up-to-date, and strongest text published for advanced
the nature of reviews. We have grouped words that can best bookkeeping and elementary accounting use.
be learned by comparisons, such as Stationery and Stationary.
Corporation-Mfg.-Voucher unit is bound in heavy paper
Abbreviations of states, months, railways and commercial covers and contains all of Part IV. It is a complete course
terms are given in regular lesson form, and grouped alpha- in Corporation accounting including instructions, set of
betically. We regard abbreviating of almost equal impor- transactions, exercises, problems, etc. It is without doubt
tance with spelling. the best text for this part of your accounting course. List
Syllabication and pronunciation are shown by the proper prices. Text. 120 pages, 40 cents. Supplies, including Blank
division of words, and the use of the diacritical marks. The Books and Papers, 95 cents.
words are printed in bold type, and the definitions in lighter
face, so as to bring out the appearance of the word, —
an aid
EXAMINATION COPIES will be submitted upon request.
in sight spelling.

METROPOLITAN TEXT BOOK COMPANY CHICAGO


^ *^^^u*i//i^d^^<e/iu:a^fr'

Gregg Students
Win Honors
In the shorthand reporters' speed con-
tests at Omaha in August, Mr. Harvey J.
Kittleman, a student in the Reporting De-
\% M§M
^^
partment at Gregg School, won the Ama-
teur event, and Mi-. Harold E. Branden-
burg won the Professional event at 150
2 - '^%,i
words a minute. Three other students,
Miss Charlotte Lenore Lewis, Mr. W.
Virgil Kittleman, and Mr. Leslie C. Finley,
^^L'
also qualified in this test.

Every graduate of our Reporting De-


partment is engaged in court or general
reporting, making a good income.
^^'
Enroll any week progress — is individual.
Write today for catalogue.

ifubeiculo^
GREGG SCHOOL
Six North Michigan Avenue
CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

A Penholder With a PersonaHty

Used in Offices Used in Schools

BUSINESS MEN prefer this penholder be- GIRLS AND BOYS in school like to write
cause every hand; keeps ink off
it fits with this penholder because it fits the hand
fingers, encourages restful position of hand and keeps tlie thumb and first finger in the
right position.
in writing. If you give this penholder a
week's trial on your desk, you will prefer
TEACHERS with pupils in their classes
who do not like to practice handwriting
it to all others. Send for your sample should provide them with a Zaner & Bloser
today. Penlioider and watch the results.

$4.80 Gros_s $4.80 Gross


C Two Holders, 20c; One Dozen, 60c; Gross,
vc.
^
y^ $l..'iO; Gross, $2.65

5
'/z

THE ZANER & BLOSER COMPANY,


si:nu ordicrs to 5
COLUMBUS, OHIO
f^iJ^u^'ned^^/iu:^^^^ ^

Fundamentals of Business
By
C. E. Birch

Supervisor of Commercial Education, Lawrence, Kansas.

A brief course in business training for junior high schools.

The author of "Fundamentals of Business" recognizes two types of Junior


business training —the type which is largely informational and educational,
and the type that is almost wholly vocational.

"Fundamentals of Business" includes instruction in both types, but places

the emphasis on the informational and educational side.

"Fundamentals of Business" while recognizing the need for highly special-

ized vocational training for pupils in our large industrial and commercial cen-
ters, also recognizes the need for exploratory, informational, and inspira-

tional courses for those pupils who do not need to prepare for an immediate
vocation.

"Fundamentals of Business" has a definite value in vocational guidance

in that it directs the attention of pupils to the possibilities of the various

courses which lie before them.

"Fundamentals of Business", written in descriptive and narrative form, is

unique in its crisp and fresh presentation. Around the questions and assign-

ments for the student there is an atmosphere of business activity that adds
life and interest to the subject.

200 pages, cloth, 80 cts.

The Gregg Publishing Company


New York Chicago Boston San Francisco London
^ ^^^^u*U'nedi'^^i£(u^a^r* ^
NOW READY
THE LANGUAGE OF ADVERTISING
By John B, Opdycke
Author of "Business Letter Practice"

512 pages, 153 illustrations, cloth. $3.50.

This new work constitutes a compri ? treatment of


ho'.h the science and the art of advertii ing its present-day
manifestations. It is calculated for use the publicity office,
in the school and college classroom, ar in the copy-writing
laboratory. It is never too technical, wever, to be of ab-
sorbing interest to the general reader, may be read for It
BLISS-ALGER entertainment and inspiration quite a much as for infor-
mat ion and instruction. It differs f mother advertising
book on the market chiefly in that it establishes close-up and
Bookkeeping and Accounting practicable relationships between advertiisng and literature,
a thesis that no other book on the subject has attempted.
A strictly new course just off the press, combining Book-
keeping, Business Practice and Banking. Makes individual
instruction a pleasure. Exceedingly interesting to the student.
What the Press Says
Three Systems
THE NEW YORK TIMES: "Th? author of this book 1

ACTUAL BUSINESS (with offices) done for advertising what Ruskin did for art and pai
FOLDER (like above, without offices)
CORRESPONDENCE THE BOSTON GLOBE: "There is not another book like
For High Schools. Business Schools or any institution this to be found wide ange of literature dealing
in the
teaching Bookkeeping. Text and outfit sent to teachers for •-vith is surely something new
the field of advertising,
it

examination. Mention school connection. and tremendously interesting s a work on advertising."

BLISS PUBLISHING CO.


SAGINAW, MICH. WRITING AND ILLUMINATING
AND LETTERING
By EDWARD JOHNSTON

500 pages, 227 and diagrams by the Author


illustrations
and NOEL ROOKE. 8 pages of examples in red and black.
24 pages of collotype reproductions, cloth, $2.50.
"This book belongs to that extremely rare class in which
overy line b3ars the impress of complete mastery of the sub-
The first consideration ject. We congratulate Mr. Johnston on having produced !i

work at once original and complete." The Athenaeum. —


in this ojfice is to ha-ve
PLAIN AND ORNAMENTAL
things done exactly right LETTERING
Plain and Ornamental Lettering
By EDWIN O. FOOKS
\)%xB% in. 86 pages with 40 full-page plates. $1.00.

^ A Practical Guide to Ticket and Show Card


Writing, Sign Writing and other forms of Decora-
tive Lettering.

Underlying the whole book is the aim of making it essen-


Ually practical, and every plate has been chosen deliberately
with this end in view hence the inclusion of plates illustrat-
;

ing materials commonly required, and of further plates sug-

ScHMiTT Printing Company gesting simple types of ornament appropriate for use with
the various forms of alphabet.

''The 'Busy Shop"

139 E. Rich Street Columbus, Ohio Isaac Pitman & Sons


2 West 45th Street NEW YORK
m LmMmJ mmm*mw^^^m
i
i.^
t ^

THE BUSINESS EDUCATOR


COLUMBUS, OHIO, NOVEMBER, 1925

^, \ OI.U.ME 31 NUMBER

Ty., ...-r<.,:itiMtiMt^
1 ill f: :: A .V. .v.-i .rn.',

'
HfnuK^rnvs^at*

WHY CONVENTIONS? tables will have their first sessions. MR. MEADOWS SAYS:
We often hear the query "Why The evening is left open so that the Students must be punctual and
should I attend the annual meeting of members may attend the theatres or regular in attendance, if they are ever
the National Commercial Teachers' organize special parties. to get anywhere in school or busi-
Federation?" There are numerous Wednesday, the program will be a ness. The student who comes early
answers to this question, but, just at repetition of Tuesday's with the gen- and stays late while here will in-
present, let us consider only one. eral program in the morning- and variably do the same thing when he
Old age abhors new things new- — round tables and departments in the
afternoon. The 1925 session will close
goes out on a position. Business men
ideas —new The annual pro-
plans.
with the annual banquet, Wednesday
do not want clock-watchers;
want people who are more interested
they
gram of National Commercial
the
evening at 6:30. in their work than in having a good
Teachers' Federation is filled to over-
The program, as so far made up, time.
flowing with new things. If we have
gives promise of being the best ever. Complete training pays. The aver-
no desire to learn of these modern The officers and committee members
principles in business education, it is age business man expects you to be
are giving this their best efforts and able to keep books, operate the post-
a sign that we are growing old. Who it is hoped that the members will give
wants to grow old ? Who wants his ing machine, take shorthand and
their cooperation by their attendance transcribe it on the typewriter, write
associates to even think he is grow-
and by interesting many others in the a good business hand, etc With a
ing old ?
Federation. thorough knowledge of all these
At these meetings you meet teach- things, you can command a better sal-
ers who you are sure are doing a bet-
ter job than you are. This will be
MR. DONER'S ARTICLES ary to begin, and you will always
have better opportunities for advance-
an inspiration to you to make your- Teachers and Supervisors of
All ment.
self more proficient. There will be Handwriting will enjoy Mr. C. E. (Mr. Meadows is President of
teachers who you are sure are not as Doner's article in this number on "The Draughon's Business College, Shreve-
good as you. This will be encourage- Teaching of Handwriting." Mr. Doner port, La.)
ment. You will come home with new needs no introduction to Business
courage to face your problems. You Educator readers as he has been Di- SOUTHERN COM'L. TEACHERS
will form new acquaintances, which rector of Handwriting in Massa- ASSOCIATION CONVENTION
will be of lasting joy and great value. chusetts Normal Schools for a number
You will grow younger every day. Hotel Patten, Chattanooga, Tenn.,
of years. His rich experience in this November 27-28, 1925.
The next meeting will be held in work and handwriting and
his skill in
Cincinnati, December 28th to 30th in- in teaching, place Mr. Doner in the
The executive committee of the
clusive The Executive Committee, front ranks as a penmanship teacher Southern Commercial Teachers Asso-
R. Garbutt, Chairman ciation and the American Teachers
through Mr. I. and supervisor. Other articles will
I of the local Committee, has the pro- appear in later numbers of The Busi- Association have planned a very in-
gram well in hand. ness Educator. teresting program for these dates and
jlj

I The sessions will begin at 1:30 on all commercial teachers should plan to
'

Monday, December 28th. On that day, attend this meeting. The officers are
there will be the usual address of wel-
C. C. LISTER J. Murray Hill, Bowling Green Busi-
ness University, Bowling Green, Ken-
1

come and the response and one ad- So many compliments have been re-
M. Watters,
,

dress before the general meeting. Tlie tucky, President; J.


i ceived regarding Mr. Lister's pages Georgia School of Technology, At-
remainder of the time will be given
which appeared in the B. E. regularly lanta, Georgia, Vice President, and
1

over to the promotion of sociability


!
among the members. The day will last year that we have persuaded him Miss Elizabeth Baker, Commercial
i close with a reception and dance at to continue to contribute a page each High School, Atlanta, Georgia, Secre-
8:00. tary-Treasurer.
month. They contain ideas on methods A complete program of the meeting
Tuesday, the Federation will occupy
of teaching as well as a fountain of can be secured from Miss Elizabeth
the entire morning, and, in the after-
noon, the departments and round inspiration. Baker, at the above address.

SUBSCRIPTION PRICE, A YEAR The Business Educator is the best medium


THE BUSINESS EDUCATOR (To Canada, 10c more; foreign, 20c more)
$1.25
through which to reach business college pro-
Published monthly (except July and August) Single copy, 15c. prietors and managers, commercial teachers
By THE ZANER-BLOSER CO.. Change of address should be requested
612 N. Park St.. Columbus, O. promptly in advance, if possible, giving the old and students, and lovers of penmanship. Copy
E. W. Bloser Editor as well as the new address. must reach our office by the 10th of the month
Managing Editor Advertising rates furnished upon request. for the issue of the followiuK month.
E. A. LUPFER . - - .
^ f^^^ud/n^d^^f/ffoi/^ ^

Lessons in Business Penmanship


By J. J. BAILEY, High School of Commerce, Toronto, Ont., Canada.

Let me emphasize the necessity of touch the paper. Do not fail to take rate, but slow up considerably when
adhering absolutely to the principles stock religiously of your acquirements they begin to write letters or words.
concerning these principles, and I'm
laid down in the September number One speed and one speed only must
quite sure you will find your failure
with respect to posture, penholding be your watchword. How can any one
to improve is due almost wholly to
expect to progress if he makes one
and position of the paper. Remember faulty posture, or faulty penholding,
thing slowly and another one fast ?
that the best writing movement can- with a resultant poor movement.
It cannot be done, students, and you
not be procured if you fail to observe How about your speed too ? Are might as well learn that maxim now
any one of these principles. Neglect you making your movement exercises as later.
in this means ultimate failure and dis- at the rate of 175-200 downstrokes
couragement. I have seen many stu- per minute ? If not, your lines will Read the instructions carefully and
dents fail to improve in their writing be shaky and irregular. And I want practice intelligently. Use your eyes.
merely because they were not sitting to caution you again about having And insist on your brain making the
correctly at the desk, or were allowing more than one speed. Some people muscles and nerves in your hand do
the side of the hand, or the wrist, to make the exercises at the required just exactly as it wants done.
Copy 1. — The capital "W"
a very beautiful letter when well made, but a very unlovely one as many a student
is
makes it. Observe carefully that the stem is much like that in the N or M. There are no straight lines in it. Every
part is a curve. Notice particularly the slight cui-ves in the second part; also that it is slightly taller than the stem.
Never make it shorter. The last stroke should be about two-thirds as high as the letter and is curved exactly op-
posite to the stem. Make 35-40 per minute.
In the words, watch this spacing and arrangement, and above all be neat, tidy and orderly in your practice.
Slovenly, slipshod work is one of the greatest detriments in learning to master this beautiful, yet utilitarian art.

^^^^^^^^

Copy 2. Capital Q Here is another letter that is all curve. The stem is similar to that in the W. Notice
very carefully the flat loop at the bottom. Keep it fiat and parallel with the base line. If you examine the loop
closely you will see that it is made to the left of the upper or stem loop. Finish below the base line. Count
1-2-3, and make about 50-60 per minute.
In the words, pay special attention to the slant and spacing. Remember to use good movement, and uniform
speed. Write the word "Queen" at least twenty (20) times a minute.

^=^^^=Z

Copy 3. Cap X. This letter is a modification of both the left and the right ovals. It is all curve too. In
order to make it beautiful it is really essential to curve the stem leftwards along the base line. Endeavor to make
the other half the same shape as the first half. In other words try to make it as good an X upside down as it
is right side up. Count l-2-pause-3-4. Make about 35-40 per minute.
The words are longer so as to increase your lateral or side movement. Try to make them without lifting your
pen. Arrange your work neatly.

^Joy^P ^^y(p -Ap yv> y(p ^ %:> J^ J^ J^


Copy 4. Capital Z. Here is another letter that contains no straight strokes. The upper part is similar to
that in the Q except that the connective loop is smaller and rounder. It should rest on the base line. Tlie lower loop
is about three-quarters as long as the upper one. Try to have this loop completed just below the blue lino.
Be careful in the words. Write them in columns first, and keep each letter, if possible, under the similar one
above it. Maintain good speed, use good movement, and think, think, think all the time you are writing. The old
adage, "That it doesn't require brains to write" is a fallacy. The more brains you use and the more you concen-
trate on your practice, the better you will write.

Copy 5. Capital H. In this we have another very beautiful and graceful letter. The stem is curved as in the
X. In order to make it look graceful, we must curve well the top of the second part. Never make the second part
straight. It is the cui-ve at the bottom of the stem, and the cui-ve at the top of the other part that make this one
of the most beautiful letters in the alphabet.
Count l-2-pau.se-3-4, and make from 35-40 a minute.
Caution: Remember your success depends on posture, penholding, movement and speed. If you cannot do
this work well, by this time, you have left some of these points unlearned.


Copy 6. Capital "K" Another very beautiful letter. Examine it carefully. The stem is exactly like that in
the preceding letter. The upper part of the second half is a compound curve. So is the lower part. The small con-
nective loop crosses the stem a little above half-way. Finish the stroke below the base line.
In the words, notice that the initial stroke of the first small letter never crosses the final stroke of the capital.
We have a similar condition in the Capitals A, N, M, R and U. Such a crossing destroys the legibility, neatness,
and beauty. To be useful a thing does not necessarily have to be ugly. Therefore put as much beauty and charm
into your writing as you can. And simplicity in business writing, if not carried to excess, is surely one of its
greatest charms.


Copy 7. Capital V. In my opinion this is the most beautiful letter in the alphabet. At least, it is as Mr. Mills,
the master penman, makes it. The stem is slightly changed here. Check the movement at the bottom, making a
curve, not an angle. There are two compound curves in this letter, each being almost diametrically opposite. Notice
that the second part is about three-quarters as high as the stem. Strive to gain control over the movement. Ob-
serve closely and imitate carefully the spacing in the words.

Copy 8. Capital U. —The first part of the U is the same as the first part of the V. Notice that the second part
is about three-fourths the height of the stem. The final stroke retraces the up stroke about one-third of the way
down. With beginners it is sometimes helpful to check the movement before commencing the last stroke.
Study the forms of the letters carefully. Get a correct mental picture of each one, and then strive to repro-
duce it on paper. Criticise your own work severely. The errors you see and correct yourself are of more value than
those pointed out by your teacher.
Practice systematically. It is not quantity that counts, but quality.

^
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L'-yi.-eL^c-ty


Copy 9. Capital Y. If you mastered the capital U, there will be but little difficulty in learning the capital Y,
Keep the last down stroke straight for nearly its whole length, but try to make a graceful curve at the bottom.
The lower loop crosses at the base line.
Do not despair if you cannot make them all alike. Remember you are a human being, not a machine. But
try, and keep on trying until you can make them like those in the copy. Pick out the most glaring errors and
practice until you have corrected them. Severe self-criticism is the best road to success in penmanship.
Review often the running or connected capital exercises in the September issue; also the signatures in the
October issue. These are valuable because you cannot make them well without good movement and control over
the movement.

C/'r?--<.^cA..-<L^
^ .^^^u^/t^d^^(<£eu^i/fr- ^

Ideal Business Writing


By E. C. MILLS, Rochester, N. Y.

PLATE 22

As the courseof lessons in business writing advances tlie copies become more difficult. In fact, some students
think that, after they got along in penmanship to a certain degree of proficiency, the simple movements should never
be practiced This is a gi-eat mistake. The simple movements should always be practiced, even by the most expert
penmen. The copies given in this plate are intended to be written across the page, using the blue lines as guide
lines for correct spacing. See how well you can carry the hand across the page, resting the hand on the nails of the
third and fourth fingers. The hand should be carried along in just that position without turning the hand over on
the side toward the right as the writing progresses across the page. If the student is faithful in these little things
there is every reason to suppose that he will be succes.sful in taking up the more difficult copies.

PLATE 23

As from time to time, but practically one form of capital has only been given in this series of
will be noticed
lessons. The same form of capitals that have been given are incorporated in the set of capitals in this plate, and
these should be practiced in the most careful manner possible. Use the free movement, but think good foiTns while
you write. Try to have each set of capitals present as good an appearance as possible, and this work should be
repeated every day for some time. The sentence contained in copies 2.58-259 contains all of the small letters in the
alphabet, and is especially desirable for practice as it gives a review of all of these letters.
Again review the fingers and commercial abbreviations as found in 2C2-263. Too much practice cannot be given
to the figures.

PLATE 24

The copies contained in this plate are intended to be of a practical nature, and students in business colleges will
find the arrangement of these words to be especially helpful.

We can still fui'nish back numbers containing all of Mr. Mills' lessons. It will pay you to get this complete
course now.

PLATE 22
^ t^J^uJi'/i^JA d^'i/u^^i/<r/
PLATE 23

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PLATE 24

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12
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Supplimentary Business Writing
Bv C. C. I.ISTEK, Maxwell TraininB School for Teachers. New York City

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Z^«^z_,i?_c^-£-<^L'S,*-'-#:^,-r?--; -<---C-^>-'z^'t:€i^^

.--2-^%-.^^<l-i^^-Z^>i-^-,i-c^^^^.

By Kcne (iillard, the skillful penman of Evaitslon. III.


^ ^:MJf^fi^/i^^^'^/iu^i/:f7-

Modern Broad-Pointed Lettering


WILLIS A. BAIRD ENGROSSING STUDIO
440 Wrigley Building, North Scclion, Chicago.

The Round Hand or Engrossing Text alphabet is very popular with engrossers. It can be made rapidly and
will look reasonably well, or a great deal of tiine can be spent in retouching the strokes, if a fine piece of work is
desired. Owing to the contrasting shape and slant of the various strokes, defects are not as readily noticed as in
an alphabet made up of strokes practically all of one slant. Nearly every letter can be completed with the broad
pen alone, but it is well to practice making a fine line connecting strokes with a fine pointed pen. The latter method
must be used if one ever hopes to do any really fine work. There was very little connecting with the fine pen in
the alphabet presented here, and that only in the capitals. Head and base lines should always be used. Try to avoid

kinks in your strokes they are usually caused by gripping the pen too tightly. Have your letters balanced so
they do not appear ready to fall. Study spacing carefully, it is of great importance. Use good paper, a sharp pen

and good black ink stick India or Zanerian India. In books the lettering is often made with a No. 4 or No. 5
Soennecken pen.

"f "^'.^™'^
^iMiOlllfll if R««^5;r°—
Im papfrp (in6 that th«y M
?nif-
tiitfl prcflVntffi \a \\\c fnfaoca fnmilp in
f. mho .^•t^tiff" (hf o.^pirinn gouH\ uflii«'feini
'^
tplaiu talent aiiti {tci^dtion.

tmn
ir^c.

The above sitjnatures were prepared by that enthusiastic pen-


manship teacher, Mr. M. E. Zimmerman. Valparaiso. Indiana,
University. Mr. Zimmerman has a large class in i>enman-
ship and secures excellent results.
This Beautiful piece of work was engrossed and illuminated
by E. H. McGhee. Trenton. N. J. Work of this nature is
extremely interestinR and requires a hiprh order of art ability.
Mr. McGhee is working up a very profitable engrossing
14 t^ ^^J^Uii/n^iU'^if/iu^a^?^ ^ I

Students' Signature Contest


Last month we asked for signatures written in black ink, but so far we have received only a few. We are, there-
fore, making another request for signatures from each member of your penmanship class, so that we may get the
best. You are sure to profit by practicing and submitting your work. You can't succeed unless you try and keep —
on trying.

The above specimen was written by Mary G. Murray, a student in the Milwaukee, Wis., Normal School, under the instruction of Miss Ella M.
Kring who is director of penmanship. This pupil had about thirty lessons, two lessons a week of fifty minutes each. Miss Kring has seven
classes each of about thirty pupils.

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"BEFORE AND AFTER TAKING'*


Miss Seddic H. Grunkcmeycr, Supervisor of HandwritinK, Covinprton. Kentucky, believes in coiict'iitratinB: upon th<> pupiis in each classrc
who are poor writers rather than in developing a few good writers in each room.
Specimen one above shows the handwriting in September (if you could call it handwriting) of Master John Spaulding, a third grade pupil in
Hias Charlotte Fagins* room at the Fifth District School.
Specimen two shows John's handwriting on January 20,— five months later. Isn't It a shame that some pupils are allowed to go through lifcj
with a handwriting like 8i>ecimcn one above when a change like this can be brought about in a period of five month's time by placing the pupil)
in a school where the handwriting is carefully supervised by a competent supervisor like Miss Grunkemycr.
^ ^^^^Uii//i^^^^(/iu^a^r' ^ 15

Ornamental Penmanship
By H. L. DARNER. Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, I'a.

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— ^<^i'C''Cc'<^^>^}'-L..'0--<>t^<l^ C-^ S^ ZC , J L,

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16 ^ ^^^^BuJ/n^iiS^^yiu^f^r^ ^
MISSOURI STATE TEACHERS' A>
Penmanship Theory for Young Penmen SOCIATION PROGRAM OF
L Series of Questions Covering Several Phases of the Theory of Penmanship Which COMMERCIAL-TRAINING
Should Be Known and Understood by All Students of Penmanship.
By WILLIAM L. CRANDALL,
Assistant Headmaster and Director of Penmanship at Chairman, P. 0. Selby, Kirksville.
Saint James School, Faribault, Minnesota.
Vice-chairman, L. M. Goodwin, St.
Joseph.
(Continued fr
Secretary, Mis Lottie Cell, Kansas
(A) STEEL PEN TEST SET ANSWERS City.
About when were pens first made?
steel Drv colors and clay,
What are the little prongs of steei pens called A. W. Faber C o.
Friday, November
'I

Borrowdale Mir e in Cumberland (England). 13, 2 P. M., Cen-


How many of these has an ordinary pen ? Rests on surfac tral Higfh School, St. Louis.
WTiat may cause a steel pen to scratch ?
What is an elbow pen? No.
For what is it used? (A) FOUNTAIN PEN TESTS SET 1
Reading of Minutes of last year's
What do we call the part of the pen whe
meeting.
ANSWERS ink carried?
is
1803 {Mr. Wise, London). What do we call the removable top ? Address: The Cooperation of Wa-
Name two classes of fountain i>ens. terways, Railways and Motor Trans-
Name three advantages of the fountain p Hon. Harry D. Hawes, member

Spread nibs one short nib crossed nibs
heavy pressure.
— over the steel pen.
Name one disadvantage.
port,
of Congress from St. Louis, member
A pen whose nibs are set to the right of the of the Inter-State Commerce Com-
inserting end. <The nibs are made to slant ANSWERS mittee, House of Representatives.
to the left).
For ornate penmanship (shading —flourishing). Cap.
STEEL PEN TEST SET Self-filler —
dropper filled. The Teaching of Business Law, J.
(B)
For what purpose a flexible pen ?
2
No —
dipping always handy — no worn out D. Delp, State Teachers College,
is points. Springfield.
For what purpose a stiff point?
is Non-flexible points.
Is a coarse or a fim pen better for practic
Why? The Function of a Commercial Su-
(B) FOUNTAIN PEN TESTS SET 2
pervisor, E. J. Killam, Supei-\-isor of
How many nibs has
When did fountain pens come into general
What is a text lettei Commercial Education for the St.
ANSWERS Name five well-known makes. Louis Public Schools.
Which is better for general use. fine or coarse
For professional writing. points ? The Relation of the Private Busi-
For business or school use. Name an advantage of the coarse point.
ness School to the Public Schools, W.
Coarse. Where should fountain i>en writing be
Because students are inclined to press. learned ? W. Thomas, President of the Spring-
Usually three.
ANSWERS field Business College and former su-
A blunted, stiff pen making a broad line (like
a large steel pen). A little after 1900. perintendent of citv schools, Spring-
(Such makes as are on the market). field.
(A) LEAD PENCIL TESTS SET 1 Fine point.
What is the lead in lead pencils called? Not so stiff (generally).
Bookkeeping Contests, Loren J.
What wood is usually used to encase the lead? In school writing class.
How were leads at one time encased? Strong, Robidoux Polytechnic High
About when were lead pencils first put upon (C) FOUNTAIN PEN TESTS SET 3 School, St. Joseph.
the market ? In what grade should the f. p. be begun ?
Name five classes of pencils? What part of the lesson cannot be well done Shorthand and Typewriting Con-
with the f. p. ? Miss Minnie B. James, State
ANSWERS Should a f p. ever be lent ? •
.
tests,
Graphite. Wh> ? Teachers College, Maryville.
Cedar. How long may a f. p. point be used ?
In i>aper. Business meeting.
About 1500 (England). ANSWERS
Drawing, marking, copying, "carpenter" and Same grade as steel pen.
tracing (hard lead). Movement drills.
No. .Mr. H. Martindill, formerly of
\V.
(B) LEAD PENCIL TESTS SET 2 It spoils the pressure fixed by the owner. Power's Business College, Chicago,
How are colored pencils made? From two to fifteen years. (One case is on
Illinois, now connected with the
is
Name the largest pencil mfg. company. record where a point was used for 27
Mention an early noted "black-lead" mine. Youngstown, Ohio, Business College.

vi' shows one of the any Zaner-Blo L-r handuritiiiK clii.ss<'s which hute bctii
at Chapel Hill. Thi; cted by Miss .Malic Conn Baldon, Southc
'. with headquarters Baldon is shown standinK in the doorH
f^J^UiU/i^U'i^yiu^r^ ^ 17

the order of their speaking. They


then return to the other room and see

MENTAL MEANDERINGS how many "guessed


other di\'ision
right". The
then retires and the
test is repeated.Of course, the guests
By CARL MARSHALL shoukl all know one another. A "first
Rente 1,Box 32, Tujunga, Cali prize" and "booby prize" may be
given, to enhance the fun.
2. Expose to view to a school or
In previous meanderings, I have them for a minute. The subject then other company of persons, a dozen or
tried to show both the need for and leaves the room, and the objects are so familiar objects, as in the first test
the practicality of a mental gum. In placed in plain sight in various parts I have given for the eye. Then from
the present one, I of the room. The subject returns and behind a curtain or screen, separately,
Stunts for the shall offer a few sug- sees how many of the objects he can drop the several objects to the floor
Mental Gum. gestions as to how locate in one minute. from a height of four or five feet. The
the idea might be car- I found that the little Klamath In- listeners are to determine from the
lied out. Of necessity, these can be dians could score an average of ninety sound, what object is dropped, being
hardly more than hints. Anything per cent in these two tests. Ordinary given time enough to write the name.
elaborate would call for a book; be- untrained whites will not score above Most amusing difi"ei'ences in keenness
sides, I think it would be more profit- seventy-five or eighty. Why ? of hearing will develop from this test.
able, as well as more interesting for 3. Walk slowly through a well- 3. Reco.gnizing the makes of dif-
one to work out the stunts for ones stocked flower or vegetable garden, ferent automobiles by both sight and
self than to have them all laid out by observing all the plants, with some sound, will afl'ord interesting tests for
rule, after the manner of a "Daily one to tell you the names of those those who are familiar wth those
Dozen". One of the things we are out you don't happen to know. Retire vehicles.
to do, is to develop an imagination, to your desk and see how many you For those who have an interest in
and about the only way to do this, is can list in fifteen minutes. Results the things of the outdoors, the recog-
to practice some form of originality. for this test, with people of appar- nition of bird songs and calls, makes
I have already outlined, as a basis ently the same g'eneral intelligence a delicate and fascinating test for the
for work, six separate fields of men- and experience, will vary as much as ear. The identifying of trees and
tal activity, ^^z.: Perception; Reason; forty per cent or more. fiowers at a distance, is also fine
Imagination; Memory; Conscience; 4. Visit a zoo with a friend and training for the eye. People with
Will. It does not matter much, as to see which of you can, in say, fifteen weak eyesight may equalize matters
the order in which they are taken, so minutes, write most names of the ani- with field glasses. But please note
let us begin with what is perhaps, the mals you saw. Repeat this test with that it is not the physical eye or ear
easiest one, Perception. This field, a picture gallery. that we are training. It is the recog-
like all the others, is divided up into 5. Walk slowly round a city resi- nition of the sense impressions we are
many separate areas, and all of us dence block, observing carefully every after. Many people with delicate
are keener in some fields than others. house and the grounds. Then, see ears and keen eyesight are very poor
Thus, some of us have quick and ac- how many of these places you can listeners or observers.
curate eyes, but very dull ears, and sketch in an hour, putting in such But I find it is going to take an-
vice versa. One bird lover can tell a distinguishing features as will identi- other meandering, and maybe two, to
vireo from a flycatcher two hundred fy them. No attempt at art; the cover suggestions for other fields of
feet away, but can hardly tell the song crudest outline will do if it identifies the mental gym. For the present,
of a robin from that of a meadow the property. these will have to wait.
lark. In our training, we should 6. Walk one or two blocks down
stress that perceptive field in which an unfamiliar business street, return-
we are the weakest, bearing in mind ing on the other side. Name in prop- Every little while, I get a letter
that no one form of training will er order, as many of the shops as you from some tender-hearted friend who
make us strong in all of them. Thus, can in a quarter of an hour, as "bar- registers a somewhat plaintive regret
if you are weak in the matter of ob- ber shop", "garage", "grocery", and because of the fact
sen-ing human faces, you will not be so on. To Sundry that I, at an age
helped by cultivating your obsen'a- 7. Walk with a friend along a Sympathizers, when most men have
tion of trees, houses, flowers or birds. country road till you have passed a been turned into the
It cannot be repeated too often, that half dozen farms. Each of you ob- pastures of ease, still find myself in
a faculty is strong, only in the direc- serve silently what he sees on each the work harness. In a letter re-
tion in which it is trained. I knew a farm. Then, note-book in hand, sit ceived from one of these sympathetic
drygoods salesman who, blindfolded, down by the roadside and record your ones a few days ago the writer says:
could distinguish a dozen different obsei-\-ations for a half hour. Com- "I think it is too bad that a man who
kinds of fabrics, but he couldn't tell pare your records and then verify has done as much good work as you
powdered sugar from flour or alum or them, by returning along the same have in your time, should still have
plaster of Paris, as a drug clerk can. road. to work." Shades of the Pink-toed
In every one of the mental fields, this These are but sample stunts: you Prophet! (As Cappy Ricks would ex-
truth can be demonstrated in scores can devise many others, and doubtless plode) "Have to work"! Now, wouldn't
of ways. more interesting ones for yourself. that jar you till your back teeth rat-
Suppose we begin with a few sim- Keep up this practice for a year, and tled ? It is to laugh! It is evident that
ple stunts for training the eye in ob- you will be sure to nt)te a vast im- I have not succeeded in making all my

serving common things. 1. Put twenty provement in your scores. Your eyes good friends understand me yet. Of
small objects on a desk or table, for can be trained quite as surely as your all the many rich blessings that have
instance, a knife, pencil, spool of biceps. come to me in these latter days, the
thread, a ring, and so on. Have the The Hearing. Here is an amus- richest of all is that I can still af-
articles at least two inches apart. The
1.
ing exercise in recognizing voices, —
ford to work, that I actually can and
person to be tested, is of course, not that can be staged at an evening do work from CHOICE. I wonder if
to know what objects are selected party. One-half the company retires I can make this friend and others un-

Cover the collection with a newspaper, to an adjoining room, each wntli a slip derstand this. Probably not. They
expose for twenty seconds, while the of paper and pencil. Those remaining have for so long been in the habit of
subject obsen'es. Cover up again, and recite or read in regular order, which thinking of work as a disagreeable
let the observer see how many of the is noted, by one of the company, or necessity, a curse to be escaped from,
objects he can name (or write) in one the hostess, a verse of poetry, or one and a deliverance to shout over when
minute. or two prose sentences. The company one has escaped.
2. Repeat this stunt with a dozen in the other room, each for himself, It has been about six years since I
objects, letting the subject look at writes the names of the speakers, in (Continued on page 18)

^ ^^Jf^uJ/n^ii^ia^/iu^i/^
AN OUTLINE IN PENMANSHIP MENTAL MEANDERINGS right to say that my job has been real
FOR PUBLIC SCHOOL TEACHERS (Continued from page 17) work, and not mere play. Nearly half
the time I have spent among the
By C. E. DONER. threw up my twenty-year job of writ-
Klamath Indians, trying to be of use
Grades 1-2.Stress form in words, ing and selling books for business to those strange but interesting hu-
simple sentences and pupil's name, schools, and quitting with the idea of mans. I got a lot of kick out of this.
first at the board, then on paper. putting in most of my time loafing (Sounds funny from a fellow who has
Teach the fundamentals of posture written grammar books, doesn't it?
from then on. I rather felt at the
and the proper holding of the pencil But I always did have a hankerin'
and paper. Give a few movement time that it would not work, but it for the United States language.)
drills in the form of nursery rhymes was really through the afl'ectionate in- Then this renewed experience with
for muscular development and con- sistence of my family that I fell for rural schools in the maturity of my
trol. Encourage freedom in large, years has put a big new idea into my
it. Stronger men than I have yielded
free writing without insisting upon head. I have become permanently
application of arm movement. Insist to weaker temptations. But that is and fully convinced clear down to the
upon good posture, pencil holding, and neither here nor there. It didn't take bottom of my alleged soul, that there
plain neat writing. me long to find that "Everybody should be a special and different
Use pen and .scheme of education for our farmers'
Grades 3-4. ink. Works but Father" was not my tune,
Stress correct posture and penhokl- boys and girls. Anybody who will
and that it was going to take strenu- learn what I have learned during the
ing, the pen held lightly, at the
knuckle, pointing toward the right ous and probably fatal treatment to past five years, will see the absurdity
shoulder, with relaxed muscles and cure me of the work habit. Either I of running the farm boys and girls,
elevated wrist. Wrist must be free. had to find something to do or else the children of the city silk stocking
Give a few more movement drills for go bluey. I preferred not to go districts and the kiddies of the tree-
muscular development and control. bluey. But what to do ? It was a less slums all through the same edu-
Encourage applied arm movement but little late in the day for me to hunt cational sausage mill. And that is
do not insist upon it. Count using a new job. Besides, good jobs are a just the thing that is being done in
music and rhymes for fluency. Insist bit shy of being wooed by old fellows most of these states. If I am spared,
upon plain, neat writing. close to the seventy mark. Then I I want, later on, to write a book on

happened to think that in my twen- that theme. Besides, I was once a


Grade 5. The transition stage. Spe-
W^f, I had spent five of the jolliest, farmer boy myself, you ai'e to know,
cial emphasis put upon arm move-
and perhaps the most useful years of and that is another thing for me to
ment. Give variety of movement drills
my life teaching country school. Also, thank God for.
for the purpose of applying move- i

ment to all writing, encouraging this I remembered that I had, lying away Why am I writing all this? Well,.
among other ancient treasures, a for one thing, to let these before-men-
movement but not insisting upon it.
California Teachers' Life Certificate tioned sympathizing friends of mine
Insist upon correct posture, penhold-
ing, elevated wrist, and plain neat of the vintage of 188.5, that I had won know that I am not exactly teaching
by passing a hard examination before school because I "have to", to keep
writing.
the State Board. I found that that the wolf from the door. And for an-
Grade 6. Stress .correct posture, certificate was as good as on the day other thing, that other friends who
penholding, elevated wrist, and the know me better, may learn that as in
it was issued. I wouldn't even have
application of arm or muscular move- those old days of our Federation and
to take an examination. Also, I found
ment to all written work. Some drill that California was crying in all her other educational meetings, I am still
practice but more writing, which able to find things that I think are
fifty-eight counties for country teach-
should be plain and neat. Correct worth fighting for. I recall that my
ers, and paying about three times as
habits of position, penholding, wrist old friend and favorite opponent,
elevation, ease and fluency should now
much for them as in the old days.
Then Ithought of the glorious moun- Silas S. Packard, once referred to me
become fixed. tain country of Northern California as "that professorial looking chap
Grades 7-8. The finished product, where I had spent twelve beautiful from out we.st who is always spoiling
in quality and speed, is the aim in years teaching and traveling and for a fight." Do any of you recall
these grades. All writing should be writing during the 80's. I used to Perambulus ? Well, though slightly
done in a fluent, neat, business-like have a lot of good friends up there disfigured, he is still in the ring. So,
manner. that maybe, hadn't quite forgotten many thanks, old friends, but no more
Summary me. Nuf sed. I escaped from my commiseration, please.
And just one thing more. There
Grades Letter formation
1-2. — ac- watchful family, almost sneaked away
in fact, and went. Well, I am here are better things for us old fellows to
curate perception of form. do than to keep warm the club lounges
yet and it has been a glorious adven-
Grades 3-4 Movement begun ture Of course, I compromise witli or the park benches. RE-tire ? Yes.
muscular habit forming stage. the home folks by spending my win- But buy the 20,000 mile kind; then
Grade 5. Movement stressed ters with them, but the rest of the fill the tank with gas and let 'er go.

muscular coordination stage. —


year, well it would liardly become
Grade 6. Movement applied mak- — me to tell about the many worthwhile Miss Angelnie Knutson of Des
ing movement automatic. things I have found to do up here, Moines, Iowa, is a new commercial
Grades 7-8. Quality and speed and mysense of humor won't allow teacher in the Winterset, Iowa, High
making all writing automatic. me to brag, anyway. But I have a School.

Cards by that master penman. A. D. Taylor. The accuracy and srace which he attained almost beyond human achii
^ ^!^^^iAi//i^^^i/iua/h^
good ones. The use of the measur-
19

ing scale has put something of a


A Letter to Junior High School Teachers
Applcable to Hieh Schools and 7lh and 8th Gr
crimp in that kind of teaching.
If you are a real teacher, alive to
By JNO. O. PETERSON, the responsibilities mentioned in the
Tacoma Public Schools. opening paragraphs, you begin by
making the poor writers your imme-
diate concern. You soon find that you
cannot accomplish much by repeating
The entire school organization as- plies of a specified brand being dis- the old formula, which after six years
sumes responsibility for the penman- seminated through some of our state has left them writing so poorly. They
ship of the pupils in the grades and supported normal schools. If you are have begun to lose faith in it. Even
high schools. The efforts to develop trying to teach all pupils of junior with bribes of buttons, banners and
and sustain good handwriting on the high school age according to a single certificates, they work hard, but re-
part of the pupils is not confined to formula, you have perhaps come un- main dubious.
the penmanship teachers alone. Every der that influence. Stop and think
teacher for whom the pupils write is about it a moment. You have to proceed with such pu-
expected to lend a proportionate in- Pupils differ in their ability to pils on an individual basis. A little
liuence in fostering neatness and ef- acquire handwriting as they differ in investigation will show that every
ficiency in the subject. The success other subjects. The chances are that pupil who writes a hand that scales
of special penmanship teachers is the pupils in your classes have, dur- below quality sixty has developed
greatly enhanced when they are able ing the previous six years, been some outstanding defect in the move-
to check the writing which pupils do taught handwriting according to the ment he uses or in the way he forms
in other classes and to secure the co- formula found in some text book or his letters. Most likely you will find
operative influence of department copy book. They have followed that both types defect, one leading to the
teachers. formula faithfully. Measure the re- other. We have found that there are
As a teacher of penman.ship in a sult by means of a scale and you find about a dozen different common types
department, or a junior high school or a division something like this: fifteen of such writing defects. To correct
hig'h school organization, you are en- per cent are good writers, twenty per each type requires definite instruc-
titled to the cooperation indicated in cent are fair writers and sixty-five tion and special drills.
the above paragraph. The extent to per cent are poor writers, taking If you have taught penmanship a
which you secure it is largely depend- quality sixty as the dividing line be- number of years and have been ob-
ent upon the attitude and resourceful- tween good and poor writing. servant during that time, you will
ness of yourself and your supei-visor, It does no good to say that the chil- have learned how to detect some of
if you are blessed (?) with one. Be- dren, not the foi-mula are at fault. these difficulties and how to correct
yond this, the penmanship progress of The poor writers have probably tried them. You soon find that pupils re-
the school or the department is de- as hard as the good ones. The point spond to that kind of teaching be-
pendent on your skill as a teacher. for you to consider is: How are you cause they find a personal relation
Do you teach by formula ? Do you going to teach them from now on ? existing between themselves and the
try to apply that formula to all pupils I know some teachers who try to subject. In a vague way we super-
in all stages of advancement ? You forget the poor writers and begin to visors have been aware for some
are not to be criticised if you do, be- play up the good ones. They make time that many skillful departmental
cause there is a lot of unanalyzed quite a fuss and to some extent suc- teachers have been proceeding in that
propaganda carefully calculated to ceed in giving the impression that all way, but few of us have as yet given
sell text books and penmanship sup- the pupils write as well as the few it the attention it deserves.
f^Jf3Bfi<i/neii^^(/iu^a^ ^

FAMOUS LETTERS
BY FAMOUS PENMEN
In this series we have some of the most skillful letters ever written

This letter was written thirty years ago by Mr. Christc who was recognized a« one of the most accurate and Rraceful penmen
of thut time, (livc thiH letter a place in your scrap book for it is one of the best and will be an inspiration to all who sec
it. Who can excell it today?
.

f^J^uJ/ned^^^^/iu^a/^ ^
not intend to be either a bookkeeper
or a professional accountant to spend
The Problem of Teaching Bookkeeping many months in studying it is almost
By GEORGE W. SMOKEV. an educational crime."
;nds University. Wichita, Kans Various schools have made an at-
tempt to provide two kinds of book-
keeping courses: one for the general
Bookkeeping- as taught in most high ject-matter does not lack in educa- student, another for the student who
schools is preeminently a vocational tional value. expects to make accounting- his pro-
subject.As a vocational subject book- Bookkeeping develops the reasoning- fession. The better method, espe-
keeping should pei'mit the student to powers. It imprints habit sof system cially for the smaller schools that can-
attain commercial efficiency in ac- which are of value to everyone. It not afford to duplicate classes in the
counting. It has two important func- develops the student's ability to form same subject is to present the prin-
tions. One is to give important bodies correct judgments as to the financial ciples of bookkeeping in the begin-
of practical facts. The other is to effects of business transactionson the ner's course in such a manner as to
develop skill that will enable the high operations of enterprises. It gives a meet the needs of the general student
school graduate to earn a living in knowledge of records and office rou- as well as to give the proper founda-
the business world. And so the facts tine that is as important to the man- tion for specialized work in profes-
to be presented in the bookkeeping ager as to the lowest clerk, if not sional accounting.
course must be such as will force the more so. The high school is the people's col-
graduate to master his desired form What are the pedagogical aims of lege, few who matriculate ever finish
of skill. If the aim of the course is bookkeeping ? I will quote many the four years of work, much less en-
to make the student a bookkeeper it given by authors of texts on book- ter college. It prepares for life's
must be definitely vocational in con- keeping: work in the great majority of cases.
tent and practice. 1. "To develop the fundamentals Especially is this true of the commer-
The bookkeeping course planned to of accounting." cial students. They look upon their
give vocational training is one that 2. "To teach the art of bookkeep- course as one to fit them for the busi-
is intended for those pupils who can- ing." ness world. The majority of mankind
not complete their education in col- 3 "To train pupils in the prin- are mediocre. Many of the commer-
lege and so desire to enter business ciples of bookkeeping and account- cial high school graduates drift into
upon graduation from high school ing." blind alley jobs. They have attained
through the channel of the accounting 4. "To give instruction concerning their ambition of white-collar jobs.
or general otrice. business practices." Age finds them routinized petty clerks
Even though the aim of the school 5. "To give pupils a knowledge of on a "highly specialized and section-
administration is not to make the modem business activities and prac- alized set of books." It is not the
course purely a vocational one yet the tices." fault of the school. It has prepared
aim of the majority of the pupils in 6. "To develop the mind, particu- the pupils for the best kind of job
the course is surely vocational. If larly the analytical and imaginative they can handle. There are excep-
these pupils do not have a vocational abilities." tions. Most of the commercial high
aim at the time they matriculate an 7. "To develop the habits of neat- school graduates because of mental
ambition is soon instilled in book- ness, accuracy, system, and self-re- limitations (perhaps the method of in-
keeping students to become Certified liance. If these habits are acquired struction is partly to blame) "under-
Public Accountants. Such an ambi- they are well worth the time spent in stand only a partial application of
tion is aroused by the reading of the the course, even though all the prin- debit and not the fundamental prin-
glowing advertisements concerning ciples of bookkeeping- be forgotten." ciples on which rests the whole struc-
aims "
the possibilities of financial returns Briefly summarized the of ture of accounting
to the Certified Public Accountant put bookkeeping are: A majority of the higher institu-
out by the correspondence schools. vocational, tions teaching commercial courses
Because of all the stress placed up- cultural. give no credit for preparatory work
on the vocational aspect of bookkeep- Although the bookkeeping student in bookkeeping- done in high school.
ing we fail to consider the fact that may never expect to become a prac- Colleges have been censured by high
much less than ten per centum of ticing accountant a course in book- school folk because of it. In most
commercial workers are bookkeepers. keeping is of immense practical value cases the student entering a college
And the great majority of this small to everyone, especially in these days course in accounting- who has no
per cent are merely routine clerks of income taxes. For the general stu- knowledge of bookkeeping does as
doing routine duties on a "highly dent the course should be one in which well and many times better than
specialized and sectionalized set of the clerical work of writing checks, others who have had such preparatory
books " deposit slips, bills, etc., has been re- work in high school. And that every
And to further dampen our enthu- duced to the minimum. This can be ubiguitous student who has had a few
siasm concerning vocational bookkeep- easily done -without sacrificing any of years of practical bookkeeping experi-
ing courses, so high an authority as the benefits to be derived from such ence rarely does better than the stu-
David Snedden says: "My own ex- work. Nor should the student be bur- dent who has not heard of assets or
perience has convinced me that a rela- dened with sets. Drill him in the es- liabilities before he enters the course.
tively large amount of so-called 'com- sentials. An educator has said: The student with experience has prob-
mercial education' is still very far "Though bookkeeping is the tool of ably been merely a routine clerk doing
from being even moderately efficient accounting, it is a tool so simple in routine duties on a "highly specialized
as vocational training." And: "It be- principle that to ask any one who does and sectionalized set of books."
comes the business of the school to
give, in greater or less degree, train-
ing for an occupation, and not mere-
ly instructions in some of the studies
and practices believed to be of value
in that occupation."
But students clamor for the course.
Their aim is vocational, and so in the
great majority of cases the subject
must be taught as a vocational one.
Bookkeeping, however, is not alone
a purely vocational subject. The pos-
sibilities of the educational value of
the subject are unlimited. The sub- Signature by E. A. Lupfi
:

^ f^^^uJ/n^>i^<ai(/iua^r'
mental astigmatism, and I tell you my DO SCHOOL PUPILS WRITE AS
friends, thatis a bad disease, but it WELL NOW .48 THEY DID
The Quiet Observer is not catching if we will but take the
FIFTY YEARS AGO?
time and make the effort to find out
as much as we can of what we don't R. R Reed, Director of Handwrit-
[The man who writes under this pen-name know, and then try to acquire a little ing, Ferris Institute, Big Rapids,
has written so long and so much that he needs
no introduction. He is noted for being one more knowledge to add to the little Mich., answered this question with an
of the most independent men in stating what we have. emphatic "Yes". In a letter to the
he believes regardless of consequences that we * * * Editor of one of our well known news-
have. He thinks a good fighting enemy is bet-
ter than a soft soap friend. In matters educational I confess to papers in response to an editorial
]

—Editor's Note. having been at times possessed of a which appeared in this newspaper, in-
certain degree of peevishness. Oh sinuating that present day handwrit-
Dear Mr. Editor: yes, I admit it! I have not been ing instruction is not nearly as ef-
I have not got it —
but I am going ashamed of it for years and years. fective as it was in the good old days.
to find it. What? Why time enough With the backward steps we have We quote from Mr. Reed's letter as
to write to you of a few of my ob- taken, in what under most favorable follows
ser\'ation.s as I daily pass along circumstances is a mighty difficult job —
"Dear Editor: Your hammer did
through this "veil of tears". By the if we are to attain to permanent im-
not hit the nail on the head at all in
way, have you ever obsei-ved that we provements and real advancements, it making the statement that penman-
can never pass along any other way does seem it would be difficult to ship can have only two virtues; legi-
than daily, meaning only one day at avoid peevishness occasionally. I bility and beauty. True, legibility is
a time? We have our daily portion of would have someone disprove
like to a prime virtue of good handwriting.
time measured out to us for some pur- in The Business Educator my state- Beauty, however, is not necessarily a
pose. If we could condense the time ment that we are not making any real virtue at all. Let's leave that to the
of four or five days into one day, one progressive advancement toward the artist. Legibility is the sole virtue of
of several things would be sure to results we are trying to reach, and the finished product, but let us go
happen. Some who aie overly am- that we will not make such advance- back of that to the process of writing.
bitious would try to "hog the road." ments as long as we are periodically It is an elTicient process when the
They would jump in, and try to get disturbed by the inferences we have production is at a maximum, and the
ahead too fast with the result that to meet, in the productions of the time taken and the energy expended
they would come bump up against the faddist, the interferences of the men is minimum. In other words, the
other end of the roadway ahead of who think they know and don't know; prime qualities of efficient handwrit-
time. Another consequence would be the men and women who believe that ing are legibility, speed, and ease in
that this five to one speedster in time there is anything worth while in so- execution.
would block up the road for the other called intelligence tests and testings, "I agree with you that the plight
four fellows even if he did arrive five etc. of our youngsters would be more
days ahead. * * * bearable were they to improve their
* * * writing with maturity. 'This condi-
It tickles me
half to death when we
tion is accounted for by the fact that
I often think we have a good many run across every now and then, some
this is the speed age in which every-
self speeding educators scattered one who will again pronounce that old,
thing that is being done is done in a
abroad inthe land. One notorious old story which he would like to have
race at break-neck speed, and as the
thing about these speeders is that the someone believe, that the power of the
youngster advances in years and
estimate of what they are doing is teacher and his importance in the
progresses in school, the necessity for
seldom held by anyone but themselves. business of teaching is paramount
speed in everything he does is im-
They make a heap of noise and stir up above all others, that textbooks are
pressed upon him more and more un-
a great deal of atmosphere in doing not made as they .should be and are
til he finally sacrifices legibility in his
the little they do in a hasty way. It of practically no benefit to the stu-
handwriting for speed.
is the echo of this noise they scatter dent or teacher, and who always
"But, Mr. Editor, if you will in-
that again re-echos in their ears and knocks every textbook he has ever
vestigate and observe a little more
lo and behold they are soon raised to read or hasn't read for that matter,
closely than your article would indi-
the top of the pedestal of their own allfor the purpose of magnifying rel-
cate that you have done, you will find
conceit, still disturbing atmosphere, atively his high position of importance
that the style of writing generally
and making a great deal of noise to as compared with every other element
taught in our schools today is vastly
the detriment and sometimes to the of successful instruction. Such cases
more free from unnecessary strokes
•discomfort of the more placid fellows can have but one diagnosis. They are
than it was forty years ago. These
who are willing to plod along day incurable cases of mental astigmatism.
meaningless curlicues and unneces-
after day, doing only one day's work sary strokes are a survival of the
at a time. Mr. H. A. Kolb recently opened a Spencer and Gaskell age in which
school of his own in St. Joseph, Mis- much stress was placed upon the
It has never occurred to the Quiet souri, known as the Missouri Valley beauty of the flourished style of that
Observer that he was possessed of any Commercial Colleee. Mr. Kolb states day.
particular accumulation of wisdom. that the school will specialize in com- The proof is all around you today,
He is disposed to think that his ob- mercial work, transportation and pen- in our schools, our offices, and else-
.servations, if they amount to any- manship. where, that our young people of this
thing, derive their value from what he Mr.i. Florence P. Gay is a new com- day are generally better writers than
•does not know with absolute certainty. they were in your day, regardless of
mercial teacher in the High School at
You know this is the age of the im- Linden, Wisconsin. the idle statements you may make to
pressionist. Weare continually re- your readers through the columns of
•ceiving impressions from those we Miss Mabel Ellis of Attica, Indiana, your paper."
meet and converse with and work has been elected to teach commercial
Sincerelv vours,
with, and from those whose minds are work in the Attica, Ind., High School
R. R. Reed.
interested in some of the things our for the current school year.
minds are interested in. From our Miss Myrtle Crane of Waterloo, Miss Mabel M. Freeman of Linds-
impressions we get our largest re- Iowa, is one of the new commercial borg, Kansas, is a new commercial
wards in mental reactions which fre- teachers in the Detroit High School teacher in the Alva, Okla., High
quently result in our finding out how of Commerce. School.
little we do know and how much we
don't know. This is a magnificent Miss Lila G. Perry of Somerville, Miss Ernestine Billingham of Clin-
achievement in itself. One who thinks Mass., is this year teaching commer- ton, N. Y., has been elected to teach
he knows much more than he does cial work in the Hampstead, N. H., commercial work in the High School
Tcnow usually acquires a bad case of High School. at Hazelton, Pa.
^ ^^^^uJ//i^U^£i/iu^r' 23

This beautiful piece of engrossing was done by C. L. Cook, of t!i


cost,we believe, about $250.00. Surely work of this kind deser
— —

tJ^i^fC^uJ/zt^M/^^/iua/h^ ^
ner of performing the letters. The
stimulus should then include the
teacher in the act of writing as well
Public School Handwriting as the copy." (From How to Teach
(A Comprehensive Bird's-eye 1 iew of Handwriting by a Normal School Teacher Handwriting — by Freeman and
By E. F. EDEL. Norther Illinois State Teachers' College, DeKalb, 111. Dougherty).
Music can be used very successfully
in developing this rhythmic writing.
This music should be of a marked
(Continued from October) past has not received much attention. temp, such as school marches, waltzes,
Grading of Handwriting By rhythm we mean "the organization etc. The Zaner and Bloser Co., Co-
Tlie grade in handwriting for the of the movement in respect to its tim- lumbus, Ohio, have prepared a set of
report card should be based as much ing." special penmanship records to help de-
on the appearance of all of the writ- "The division of the writing into velop the rhythmic movement.
ten work done by the pupil as on his units promoted by counting. The
is
writing during the writing lesson. counting, however, must be done in
Handwriting scales .should aim to de- such a way as to be suited to the let- FROM FARGO, NORTH DAKOTA
termine the grade and to give the ter forms which are being made. Fur- Frank A. Krupp, John J. Vetsch and
pupil a chance to do his own grading. thermore, the child must be shown G. A. Lunde, all of Interstate Busi-
The scoring of the rooms should be how to adapt his strokes to the count- ness College, attended the Zanerian
done at least four times a year or at ing in detail. Mere counting rapidly College during the summer of 1925.
the beginning and close of each semes- while the child writes along, without Mr. Krupp is one of the proprietors
ter. A few of the essentials in grad- having learned how to apply the count of the Interstate Business College.
ing are the following: to each individual letter, is of little Since his first trips to Colunibus in
1. General Neatness The paper — use.
"This requires careful study on the
1909 and 1914 he has sent many stu-
.should show freedom, be carefully ar- dents to the Zanerian.
ranged, margins should be even, spac- part of the teacher and of the pupil. Mr. Vetsch is one of the teachers
ing of letters and words should be uni- The teacher should show the pupil, by in the Interstate Business College and
form and paragraphs should be prop- writing on the board just how the Mr. Lunde was one of their students.
erly indented. count is applied to the letter. The In addition to attending the Zanerian
2. —
Light Lines The lines should pupil should then practice until he is
able to do it as the teacher has done
Summer School the three young men
be light and smooth thus indicating attended the Office Training School
a light touch and rhythmic motion. it. The counting, of course, is recog- where Mr. Krupp and Mr. Vetsch re-
3 —
Alignment AH letters should nized as an intermediate stage in the ceived their degree. Bachelor of Com-
be of uniform size and down on the practice. After a time the pupil will mercial Science. Mr. Krupp received
line. become independent of it. Its pur- a sheep-skin diploma from the Zaner-
4. Position and Movement Arm — pose is to develop the organization of
the movement into units, and to de-
ian and Mr. Lunde received a green
movement will develop strong smooth seal in Business Writing.
lines if made at a fairly rapid rate of velop the free and fluent wi-iting of Mr. Krupp, who has taught and
speed; while finger movement will re- the letters by a succession of im- played the violin for some twenty
sult in ragged, heavy, slow drawn, pulses. years and who leads the orchestra at
nervous or shaky lines and can be "This cannot all be conveyed to the Interstate, organized and led the Za-
easily detected by the appearance of pupil by simply putting before him a nerian boys in an entertainment which
the writing. Position and movement copy. It can be done only by showing was in competition with one given by
should be rated by the teacher while him the actual writing process. For the girls. While the girls had consid-
the pupils are writing. The number this reason it is necessary for the be.st erable musical talent the entertain-
of letters a minute should be rated by results that the teacher should show ment by the boys was appreciated by
timing the pupils while writing. This the pupil how to write, and not merely all and will be remembered by those
can be done by the aid of a watch. show him a perfect copy. The case is present as one of the most interest-
All of the pupils should begin writ- like that of learning to handle any ing social features of the summer
ing when the signal to start is given tool. The teacher shows the pupil school.
and they should continue writing for how the tool is to be handled and the The sentiment of the students and
a period of two minutes. Then the pupil learns a great deal from watch- faculty of the Zanerian towards the
letters should be counted and divided ing the expert perfonn the act. The three young men who added so much
by two to determine the rate of speed. teacher should be sufficiently expert to the summer school is Come —
The speed standards are a.s follows: to demonstrate on the board the man- Again!
Grades:
II III IV V VI VII VIII
Letters a minute should be about
30 4.5 55 65 75 85 1)0 to 100
A list of some standard tests and
scales which are helpful in rating
writing according to the above point-
ers are: Ayers Scale
Foundation, N. Y. City.
— Russell Sage 44^2^^^^-
Curtis Standard Practice Tests in

Writing -World Book Company, Chi-
cago, 111.
Freeman's Diagnostic Scale s Worlds F/nesi- /
Houghton Mifflin Co., Chicago, 111
How —
Measure Wilson & Hoke
to
The MacMillan Co., New York City.
Zaner Method Handwriting Scales
and Standards teran penman and teacher of Los Ansrcles, C-tl.. recently paid a visit to
nmanship Bees. AllhouRh he is now past eiK-hty-two. he is the younpest
Number I for Grades I and II e over had the pleasure of meetinK. He is remarkably well preserved
Number II for Grades III and IV signs of atfe. unless it is his shininf; bald head. He brouRht with him
filled with specimens of his fine work, many designs having been prepared in inka
Number V for Grades Grammar of
crap book
colo
Grades and High School. While we circled around him examiniicamining his pen work, penmanship conversation ebbed and
Zaner-Bloser Co., Columbus, Ohio. flowed most interestinRly. , -* , l
Rhythm Mr. Stutsman was closely associated with A. D. Taylor durinsr a (rood part of the life of that
younjr jienmanship trenius. havinf; been an advisor as well as one of his instructors.
Rhythm is one of the most impor- Come again. Mr. Stutsman!
tant aspects of writing, which in the The above signature was written by E. A. Lupfer.
CLARENCE FRENCH
^ ^^^^uJ//i^M/^4iu:a/^ 25

C. can and English; he carries the past TRIBUTE TO MRS. R. P. SORELLE


The Man and His Work with him and sums it up. The many friends of Mrs. Rupert
By G. W. McGINNIS, M. A., Ph. D. him we see the continuity of
In P. SoRelle in the metropolis and
Clarence C. French was born on Oc- French pen-art: He has the accuracy throughout the country will learn
of Ferrier, the grace of ConstancJ, the with regret of her death last Tues-
tober 26, 1885. He was a son of Eau
creative power of Laurens; In en- day night at her home in Bronxville.
Claire, and was educated in Paris. He grossing he is Ferrier, in writing he Mrs. SoRelle was for many years ac-
speaks of himself as "Parisian with is Constance, in design he is Laurens. tively connected with the Ballard
all his soul and with all his body." In These men are an unrivaled dynasty School, New York City, and made a
art-engrossing he is the voice of the
in modem penmanship. And Clarence reputation in the field of commercial
C French is their inheritor, their re- education. For many years Mrs. So-
city in which he received his training: incarnation, and their sum. Relle was engaged in special training
of Paris that has seen all and nil ad- His style delights with its clarity courses for New York City teachers
miratur, that has known every hope and simplicity. French engrossers, he and was an active member of local
and suffered every defeat, that has said, have three great qualities: sim- and national education bodies. As a
tasted every philosophy, and sipped plicity, simplicity and simplicity; well, hostess, Mrs. SoRelle was a lady of
at every sin; Paris the inheritor and Clarence C. French has all three. charm, striking personality and be-
focus of the culture and wisdom and He has won distinguished honors loved by all who knew her. Mrs. So-
beauty of the Western world. abroad, including the Prix de Rome Relle is survived by her husband,
"French art and culture are the and the Legion of Honor of France. Rupert P. SoRelle, Vice President of
noblest and most delicate things in the Gregg Publishing Company, and
the world," he wrote, in a letter to by two sons.
one of his advanced student.s. This A unique catalog of the Plummer
French art was the breast that nour- Correspondence School of Engraving, Some very fine specimens in Broad
ished him; and he sucked it almost St, John, N. B., just reached us. Those Pen Lettering have been received
dry. No one knows French engross- who are interested in this fascniating from Miss Pearl Dickinson, Dilworth,
ing, or engrossing in general, better line of work will do well to write Prof. Minn. This young lady is coming to
than he. He is all French and Ameri- A. G. Plummer at the address above. the front in engrossing.

CERTIFICATE WINNERS
Parkersbarg, West Virginia has a population of about 25,000 people. We do not know the exact school enrollment but we do know that Mr.
R. W. Carr, the enterprising Director of Handwriting of that place, has brought the handwriting of a large percentage of the pupils up to
our certificate standard as will be seen by the two pictures above. Mr. Carr states that the number of Zaner Method certificates awarded to
the Parkersburg pupils this year excels by far the number given in any previous year.
The newspapers of Parkersburg have taken an active interest in the handwriting certificate campaign by publishing the names and addresses
of certificate winners and by praising the work which is being done in the handwriting department. This all helps to stimulate interest on the
part of teachers and pupils. Other Writing Supen-isors will do well to emulate the splendid example which has been set by Mr. Carr.
26 ^ ^^^^uJi'/ieU^d^i^iua^r^

Signatures of Penmen and Teachers of Penmanship


for this page, which
Send your signature written in black ink, or better, a cut of your signature will contain plain and fancy signa-
efforts to better penmanship.
tures of men and women who are devoting their time and

The well known pen n of Englewood Business i

College. Poughkeepsie, N. Y. College, Chicago.


teacher and penman in Eastman

^f^^e
Many arc familiar with Mr. Kico's careful engross-
ing. He is a policy engrosser in the New England
Mutual Life Insurance Company, Boston, Mass.
pal of Drake Secretarial School. Union City, N. J.

An engrosser with Banker's Life Insurance Co., De»


Albany, N. Y.. Business College. Moines, la.
The skillful penman in

Policy engrosser of New England Mutual Life Ins. Co., Boston.

with the Chillicothe, Mo., Business College.


Supervisor of Writing. Dululh, Minn.
^ f^^t^iid/n^d^/iS^e/lfua/h^ 27
28 ^ f^Jf^uJ/M^ii^<^i(/iua/^7^ ^
DESIGNING &
ENGROSSING
E. L. BROWN
Rock Island, Me.
Send self-addressed postal (or criticism, and
stamps for return of specimens

Decorative We present herewith the


Roses. most elaborate wash
drawing of this series
and as a study of decorative roses the
student will find it worthy of close at-
tention. Form, balance and masses
are first to receive attention in the
planning of a design. Beginners will
find it an excellent plan to make a
finished pencil drawing on a sheet
with all the diffirent tone values. This
drawing may be transferred to a sheet
of cardboard Adtl pencil smut to
back of drawing, lay drawing over
cardboard and with a hard pencil trace
the spray of roses. The lettering may
be added after the brush work is com-
pleted.
We
would suggest adding
wrote stories and sketches for several Brush few more
to your outfit a
Did you notice the attractive signa- Hooker's
including
Work. colors,
ture of Mr. O. U. Robinson on page periodicals.
green No. 2, Crimson Lake,
26 of the September issue of our jour- At this point Mr. Robinson writes, Yellow, Ochre, Cobalt Blue, and Scar-
nal? If so, you will admit that Mr. "The old love for teaching was still
letVermilion. Mix colors for this de-
Robinson has a very fine and prac- strong, however, and for three years
sign as follows:
tical ornamental signature. I conducted a small class in the after-
Our readers, however, can learn a
great many things besides penman-

noons out on the farm a country Payne's grey with a few touches of
Crimson Lake, giving a delicate pink-
Business College."
ship from iHr. Robinson for the story ish tone.
Mr. Robinson's success with his
of his life and experience should be country Business College encouraged Aim for broad transparent washes.
an inspiration to any young man or him to establish a business school at Use a generous supply of color freely
woman who has a desire to succeed Waterford, Ontario, which has de- without too much brushing on the sur-
in business. veloped into a very splendid, prosper- face, which is apt to produce muddy
When we tell you that Mr. Robin- ous school, and its success has en- tones. Add a flat tone to the leaves
son is now the president of four large first, repeating these washes after the
couraged the establishment of three
and successful business colleges, a pic- first is dry, until the desired depth of
othre similar schools.
ture of one is shown in this issue, you tone is obtained. Next wash in the
would not dream that Mr. Robinson Mr. Robinson's comrades who are roses, leaving the white cardboard for
has not walked a step in eighteen associated with him in this school Guard against get-
the high lights.
years. have recently elected him president of ting the roses too dark for proner con-
Mr. Robinson was first associated the school. He teaches five or six trast. Avoid hard outlines and aim
with W. J. Elliott, then of Stratford, classes a day, looks after the corres-
for soft delicate tone values so essen-
Ont., then for two years with E. L.
pondence of the four schools, does work of this nature.
tial in
Click of Concord, N. H., and for three considerable engrossing and makes
himself useful in every possible way. Note that the darkest tones appear
years with Cornell and Hoit of the around the three large roses, giving
Albany Business College. He then In addition to his activities of the
depth to the design. After the planes,
went to the Euclid School of Brook- school, Mr. Robinson has been super- little touches which either
come the
lyn at which time he became ill with intendent of the local Sunday School
enhance the effect of the design or
arthritis. for eight years, and from all appear- destroy it, according to the develop-
Then followed four trying years of ances, we must conclude that Mr.
ment of your artistic sense. We can
illnessduring which time Mr. Robin- Robinson has found happiness, peace only offer general rules for brush
son was confined to his bed, but in- and prosperity in spite of all his mis- work but only critical study and con-
stead of giving up all hope, as the fortunes. He ended his letter by say-
stant study will develop artistic sense
average man would have done, he ing, "God is Good." and feeling.
You will notice that the sentiment
expressed in the lines from Moore is
in keeping with the design of roses.
2?'-:>«><A;#C«;'^5>:?--z-<^^''€^2lHl?:^r5'^
Lettered with a broad pen No. IV^.
Note size and spacing and aim for
uniformity.
This spray is very decorative and
can be adapted to many uses by de-
signers and engrossers.
Send us your copy for criticism.

ARTISTIC PRINTING
100 businessor social letter heads and en-
velopes. Hnmmermill Bond, with your name
and address. Send $1.25. posUBe paid. We
Mr. Wiwicy is located at Benton Harbor. Mich. print anything- Prices right.
OZARK PRESS, Joplin, Ho.
^ ^i^^uJi'/i^U/£^/!fu^i^^ 29

if l|I|E|
j
louv) i>c WW) ileal*!
^f\^ 'sjciix 5iiclunclrimc>•t*llVc^'

royc5 Rave once RvuMsiiHc^,-


S^«^tlUiay f>rcal; .ijinunav

jyRatk rtkc X'a^c it von wjli,

@nt tkc 5ccut ol- tlxc UVC5^


voiirkauij rou^^ ^lilH

'
. \.

* \ >^ X ^^

\
%.
Read Mr. Brown's instructions on preceding page.
.

^ ^^Jf^uJ/'/t^d^<^4/iua/h^

NEWS NOTES
J. Sharp, who has been as-
Thomas
sociated with business colleges for
many years, is now connected with W.
A. Wieboldt & Company, Chicago, who
operate three stores. Mr. Sharp i.<
a graduate of the Bryant Stratton
Business College and taught Penman-
ship and Bookkeeping in the Aurora,
Illinois, Business College. l^ininsylumiiu J?nrttpi
The Wieboldt News,
copy of a
tertui'rtisiiuiH-'iJin-itiriiiii
which we recently received, speaks ^ holii in Ihc PciinrllltjRofol.Til-
very highly of Mr. Shai-p's services in '

tomiii.Pti.on rhf fun'iituiiiiilh iVw


connection with their company. tit""'iiinf. l^'Cfv rhi' follliuiiiirt uilir
In renewing his subscription to
Ilk' lutit' iinnniiiioiuilii adDliU'i):
THE BUSINESS EDUCATOR, Mr.
Sharp wrote as follows:
"I cannot think of being without
mv old-time friend, THE BUSINESS ^hiitihc inoinbrrs c)fiiicj>pnil5^!lianin L'OSfi'i'tfJllH'rHs-

EDUCATOR. I therefore enclose $1.25 ! inilVTSSpiMion knouiina Ihc impprtiincc iiFlhc fiinsioli-

another year's subscrip- orqanisiiHons nam ioincJuiuVrlhi-


OtTlion of Ihc Mstitict
to pay for
1 iiiimoof (icncral OiitDw/IDutTttsinjiCOnipanuanJ fullu
tion."
uiflniiflnl of the immense rcsponsibilitre surroumMiui
Mr. C. D. Cummings recently pur-
cliased the Charlottesville, Va., Busi- t^ KpruiinB.J^ultuii aife
ness College which will be conducted thtit iiu" I'ltorinirsinivri' uinaratuUHcin* tui his ofttirti: in (>
under the name of Cummings College. pk'h'mi this moa^a;t^ll^ as.-siifo him of oiinms u'cmina loualto
anftjroortit'iif avopcration in cucry u'tii; .anil be if fiiflhoi^
~

CARDS ^OI^SUlUPu, T>hnf fhis rcxiolution be mfcreJ in our rc-


T|T fords null mat a ropu be iicnftoKf ™'inr)-Fulfon
Beautifully Written
While or colored cards, a Oonimittcp on Bi'SiilulioiB
dozen. —
40c 3 dozen cards
Rcndiplmsnn Gnmi)ol{rG.9l
$1.00. My best on every llorrincitciii.
one. Sure to please. Reso-
lutions Encrossed. Diplomas
c^ohn (Diohlrr ^ ,7imJRfarJion.'
Filled. Prices Reasonable.
I am pleasing others Why —
not you.
ERNEST E. JACKSON
22 W. 30:h St., WILMINGTON. DEL.

ENGROSSERS— TEACHERS— STUDENTS-


ENGRAVERS— READERS
Something practical and up-to-date — The
MIFFY" Card Cases. Patented. Very fine
CHRISTMAS PRESENTS for Members of beautiful engrossing these da.v5. Students
Your Family and Friends. These Card Cases this piece of work.
are the finest manufactured in the world, and
eveiTbody should own one. All sizes. Morocco
Sheep Leather and Higher Grades. Price post-
Satisfaction guaranteed or
paid. 50c and up.
money refunded. Descriptive Circular mailed CARDWRITERS & PENMEN
FREE for the asking. Address.
BLANK CARDS— Lodge emblem, comic, kid
RHlV1*?(5HRri
FRANCIS LEON TOWER, finish, linen, tinted, etc. These cards are the
501 Pleasant St,. HAMMONTON, N. J.
best on the market. Samples. 10 cents. |DESIGNER||f1IL'Ji:r,11l]:{ENfiR0SSEl^
,\MAS CARDS NOW READY.
IltRBVmKV.'N.J.
PRINTING FOR PENMEN, A SPECIALTY.
F. N. LAWRENCE. Portland, Indiana.

Get a High School Course in Business Writ-


ing at home. The copies and instructions are ORNAMENTAL
CARDS 35c doz.
the same 1 use in class room work. The Orna- SAMPLES ISC
mental Course includes Lettering and Script.
Send 23c for a dozen cards written in assorted EDWARD C. MILLS
styles. A. L. HICKMAN, Script Specialists
312 S. Lorraine WICHITA. KANS.
p. O. Drawer 982 ROCHESTER, N. Y.

A PROFITABLE VOCATION
CLEAN CUT easy to do RAPID. LET-
The finest script for Bookkeeping Illus-
trations, etc., copy
for the engraver.
for which is prepared
Send copy for estimate.
Learn to letter Price Tickets and Show Cards. It is

TERING with our improved Lettering Pens. MANY STUDENTSRECEIVED ARE ENABLED TO CON-
TINUE THEIR STUDIES THROUGH THE COMPENSATION MERCHANTBY OUTSIDE LETTERING
PRIcI TICKETS A^D SHOW CARDS, FOR THE SMALLER OF CALLING CARDS WRITTEN BY
SCHOOL HOURS. Practical lettering outfit consisting of 3 Marking and 3 Shading Pens, 1
. „t i.i,tt<.rino Ink
1 sample Show Card in colors,
PrXcTICAL
instructions, figures
COMPENDIUM OF COMMERCIAL PEN LETTER-
and alphaboth
OLIVER P. MARKEN,
nrepa^ ti
prepaid n .')».
00 r-^
^mmi^ ING AND DESIGNS 100 Pages 8x11, contain-
^
1816 Buchanan St. TOPEKA. KANSAS.
ing 122 plates of Commercial Pen alphabets
finished Show Cards in colors, etc.— a complete
Ornamental 25c a dozen
Trade Mark CaUlogue free instructor for the Marking and Shading Pen, Script 35c a dozen
prepaid. One Dollar.
lixed
Tb. Newton Automatic Shading P.n Company Dept. B PONTIAC. MICH., U. S. A.
WANTED: —To
^ ,^J^u4/neU^i^^/iu^i^r^ ^
purchase school or
half interest, in city over 200,000.
HIGH SCHOOLS WE HAVE HELPED
During the past season our teachers ha\e been placed in the High Schools of Manchester,
Write H. ()., 57, care Business Ecluca- N H (3); Detroit 14): Perth Amboy. N. J. l3); Selma. N. C. ; Oil City. Pa.; Albany N.
tor, Columbus, Ohio. Y (') North Tonawanda. N. Y. P.utland. Vt. Providence, R. I. (2) ; Newton, Mass.: Port
Jervis. N. Y. Gloucester. Mass.
: ;


Portsmouth. Va. ; Richwood. W. Va. not to mention the
WANTED— Back numbers of The Business
smaller school!
: :

Educator i.revious to Sept.. 1919. and also Ma


the Penman's Art Journal previous to Sept..
1906.
desired
Send list of what .vou have and price
W\ copies must be in Kood condition.
THE NATIONAL COMMERCIAL TEACHERS AGENCY
(A Specialty by
E. E Jackson. 22 W. 30th St. Wilmington. Del BEVERLY. MASS.
.

E. E. GAYLORD. Mgr.

NORTHWEST SCHOOL.
pacity
Will sell
for 100.
Equipment and
Value of equipment $6,000.
for ?3,000 cash, or 53.300 terms.
This will bear investiKation.
ca-

I
OUR ILLUSTRATED CATALOG
fine penmanship supplies and publications
WE SPECI.\LIZE
Commercial
ship Teachers.
and
Send your
in placing
Penman-
be sent you free for the asking. You Registration
EDUCATOR,
ill
application in now.
Address Box 577. BUSINESS lould see ours before buying elsewhere.
Columbus. Ohio.
FREE.
THE ZANER-BLOSER CO. The Commercial Service Agency
Columbus, Ohio. p. O. Box 618 ST. LOUIS. MO.
YOUNG MEN, WOMEN
TEACHERS TEACHERS' AGENCY
New Normal
Gregg Shorthand
Bookkeeping.
School
and
nepaitment. featurine
Twentieth Century ALBERT
Fortieth vear. We need at i 11 times many
25
well
E. Jackson Blvd., Chicago
trf
Free Service to the first 10 who qualify. COMMERCLAL BRANCHES. Salaries good. In oi
(Value $420). Manager looks after this work. Write for information
Teachers Wanted for new "EARN WHILE OTHER OFFICES:
YOU LEARN" Schools. 437 Fiflh Av Symcs Bldg., Denvei Peyton Bldg., Spokane
Board and Rooms $6.10 up : Private Fami-
lies $8.00.
Pupils placed in offices, stores, homes,
to defray expenses.
etc.,
LARGEST TEACHER PLACEMENT WORK IN THE U. S.
Under One Management— Direction of E. E. Olp. 28 E. Jackson Blvd.. Chicago.
Co-operation with all Teachers' Agencies in
U. S.
FISK TEACHERS AGENCY, 28 E. Jackson Blvd. Chicago. AHilated olficers in principal citiM.
HOFFMAN'S MILWAUKEE BUSINESS
COLLEGE NATIONAL TEACHERS AGENCY, Southern Bldg., Washington; Security Bldg., Evanston, 111.
52.5 Wells St.,
517 to MILWAUKEE, WIS. AMERICAN COLLEGE BUREAU, Chicago Temple, Chicago; 1254 Amsterdam Ave., NewYork.
EDUCATION SERVICE, 1254 Amsterdam Ave., New York; 19 South LaSalle Street, Chicago.
Small Business College and
FOR SALE Dormitory in Ozark Coun-

location.
try. Vci-y healthful scenic
Large number of rooms available for POSITIONS FOR TEACHERS-
students, cheap. Ideal location for hustling BUSINESS COLLEGES FOR SALE
wanted.
man and wife to make and save money. _Will Splendid salaries, choice positions, beginning and e.xperienced teachers
take Scholarships in payment. Other business Write for free literature state qualifications briefly. Money making business

:

reason for selling. Address C. H., care Busi- colleges for sale. Write for particulars no charge.
ness Educator, Columbus, O. .\d(iress M. S. COLE. Sec'y.

CO-OPERATIVE INSTRUCTORS' ASS'N, 41 Cole Bldg., MARION, IND.


JOKER CARDS
We ha tlto pos: of
ited number of joker cards, the kind that
amusement amonp Experienced Business College Managers and Teachers Wanted!
afford much innocent
young folks. There are twelve diffei^nt de-
signs in each set. and each card contains Recently we have been asked to nominate candidates for several man-
blank space in which to write a name. agerial positions in business colleges, offering attractive salaries. Two
Card writers find these cards in great
demand at good prices. Order a set and of these come from the South, one from a Western state and another
give them a trial. from a Mid-western city. High-class, experienced commercial teachers
One set of twelve different cards, post- and department heads are also in demand.
paid. 20c.

ZANER & BLOSER COMPANY If you are interested in a change, try our ser\-ice.

Columbus, Ohio Write us for our enrollment blank today.

Miss Cinta Nunn of Lindsboi-g,


CONTINENTAL TEA CHER S' AGENCY.
Kansas, is a new commercial teacher BOWLING GREEN, KENTUCKY.
in the High School at Clayton, N.
Mex.
Miss Helen Dempster of Geneva,
Nebraska, has just accepted a posi-
tion to teach in the Detroit High Cincinnati Calls You
School of Commerce. Our repre.sentative.s will be at Federation Headquar-
Miss Hazel A. Irwin, for seveial ters, Hotel Gib.son, December 28, 29, 30. Good posi-
yeai-s commercial teacher in the Aver,
uions in busines.s colleges,high schools, and universi-
Mass., High School, is now teaching
ties will be reported to us there. If available for em-
in the High School at East Orange.
N. J. ployment now, in January, or next September, write
us promptly so we may take your papers with us to
Home Study — Free Tuition the Convention.

High School, Normal. Bi Lav


Service, Engineering, Drawing. Domestic
Science. Salesmanship and Collegiate courses
THE SPECIALISTS' EDUCATIONAL BUREAU
thoroughly taught by mail. Typewriting course ROBERT k. GRANT, President. 144-150 Odeon Bldg., .ST. LOUIS, MO.
free of tuition.
Apply, Carnegie College, Rogers, Ohio.
.^^*^uJ/neU^^Jiu:a^>/^ ^

MR. E. R. VERNON
The above photograph is that of E.
R. Vernon, an instructor in the
<3uthrie, Okla., Business College. Mr.
Vernon is a commercial school man of
wide experience and training. In 1920
he came to the Zanerian and special-
ized in penmanship. Before going to
the Guthrie School he was connected
with the Tyler, Tex., Commercial
College, one of the largest business
colleges in the south.
One of the largest industries of the
south is the cotton business The
Guthrie Business College, under the
management of W. A. and P. A. Botts
being alive to the demands of the
large industry, have installed a course
in cotton grading under the direction
of Mr. Vernon who has had consider-
able experience in this line of work. GEOKI.IA SI MMEK SCHOOLS
It is stated that millions of dollars The State of Georgia maintain.s .^ & M schools for the Iraininn of teachers. The State Depart-
ment of Education of Georijia made arrangemenls to have a course in handwriting p:iven in
are lost each year on account of lack these various summer schools following the adojition of the Zaner Method for use in Georgia.
of knowledge of grading, enough The first picture above i-ejirescnts the handwriting class at the A & M school. Barnesville,
money to give each person in the cot- Georgia. The center picture is a grout) of summer school students at the Madison, Georgia
ton industry a thorough course in cot- summer school and the grout* below attended the summer school at Granite Hill, Georgia. Miss
Audrey Douglas, formerly director of handwriting at Alliance. Ohio and Massillon. Ohio and
ton grading. now associated with the Baner-Blostr Company as traveling representative, had charge of these
three classes. Miss Douglas handle<l three classes at one time by spending a couple of days at
_

each place going from one school to the other while the teachers in charge handled the clasj
between times.

rJif^U^et,--^

ARTIST PENMAN
501Pleasant St. HAMMONTON, N. J.
STUDENT OF THE FOLLOWING FAMOUS
ARTIST PENMEN:
S. E. Barlow— Personal, business and orna-
mental penmanship. (IcsJKninK and drawing,
theory and practice. The late A. B. Pulsifer -
personal, hyKiene, business and ornamental, de-
BiKninnr and drawinK, theory and practice.
The late C. P. Zaner-per.sonal. business and
ornamental, theory and practice. E. W. Bloser
— personal, business and ornamental, theory
and practice ; and others.
.Students who dosiKn to improve their hand-
wntinK throuKh traininc that actually counts
by writinK from copies that arc worth while
and by receivioK hints and susTKe.stions that
will help, will find their time and money well
spent if they communicate with me. PER-
SONAL IN.'^TRUCTION. or LESSONS BY
MAIL. "Start rlKht" and success will surely
crown your efforts.
(Watch for advertisement in the December
assue of The Business Educator). By Rene Guillard. E
; : —

^ .^Jr^u^/i^d4^£^/iu^i/!(T- 33

BOOK REVIEWS TO TOUCH TYPEWRITING


Our readers are interested in books of merit,
but especially in books of interest and value VIA GUIDE KEY CROWNS,
to commercial teachers, including books of
special educational value and books on busi-
THE FAR BETTER W^AV
ness subjects. All such books will be briefly
reviewed in these columns, the object being to M. SCOUGALE, Weatherford, Texas
give sufficient description of each to enable
our readers to determine its value.

Contributions to Education, Volume


STATEMENT OF THE OWNERSHIP, MAN- oJpecial anen/ion given
AGEMENT, CIRCULATION, ETC.. RE-
One, by J. Carleton Bell, College of QUIRED BY THE ACT OF CON- -^o reproduction, ofScript
the City of New York. Published GRESS OF AUGUST 24, 1912, and 'Penmanship Copies
by The World Book Company, Of THE BUSINESS EDUCATOR, published
Yonkers-on-Hudson, New York. monthly except July and August, at Colum-
bus. Ohio, for October, 1924.
Cloth cover, 364 pages. State of Ohio.
To further among teachers the discussion of
educational aims and to promote the scientific
County of Franklin, ss
Before me, a Notary Public, in and for the
En^ravin^ Co.
measurement of results in the classroom, the State and county aforesaid, personally ap-
New York Society for the Experimental Study peared E. W. Bloser. who. having been duly (f: Engravers
of Education was organized in 1918. In com-
formity with its puri>oses the Society has un-
sworn according to law. deposes and says that
he is the Editor of THE
BUSINESS EDU-
^ Designers
dertaken to issue from time to time a series CATOR, and that the following is. to the (y Illustrators
of volumes on Contributions to Education. best of his knowledge and belief, a true state-
This is Volume One. ment of the ownership, management (and if
The purpose of the Society is "the encour-
agement of experimental studies in ail aspects
a daily paper, the circulation) etc., of the
aforesaid publication for the date shown in
. Coluitibus. Ohio
of education, the awakening of interest in the the above caption, required by the Act of
experimsntal method of attack on educational August 24, 1912. embodied in section 443,
problems, and the dissemination of information Postal Laws and Regulations, printed on the
regarding the results of experimental studies." reverse of this form, to wit:
Thirty-two subjects are discussed in this 1. That the names and addresses of the
volume, all of which are of interest to teachers publisher, editor, managing editor, and busi-
and students of educational subjects. We men- ness managers are:
tion a few: Tests for Children of Kindergarten Publisher. The Zaner-Bloser Company, Co-
Age An Experiment in the Supervision of
; lumbus. Dhio. 612 N. Park.
Handwriting Vocabularies of School Pupils
:

Some Educational Outcomes Yet to be Meas-


Editor. E. W. Bloser. Columbus. Ohio, 612
N. Park. Cc^?n^?/ie^ta^
ured Some Results of Psychological Tests.
:

No doubt teachers and educators generally


Managing Editor. E. A. Lupfer, Columbus.
Ohio. 612 N. Park.
TEACHERS
will wish to read each volume as issued by this Business Managers, none. You are intere.sted in the Texts that
Society, so as to keap informed on what it is 2. That the owners are: (Give
iplishing in the educational field. addresses of nidividual owners, oi are most satisfactory to both teacher
poration, give its name and the and pupil. The Byrne Series of Com-
addresses of stockholders owning or holding 1
MUSIC AND YOUTH per cent or more of the total amount of
mercial text have won such a reputa-
Music and Youth is the title of a stnck.) tion with some of our larger private
new magazine for young people. It E. W. Bloser, Parker Bloser. and public schools. Fill in and mail
R. E. Bioser. E. A. Lupfer. for descriptive price list.
is a very interesting and instructive
Rebecca Bloser. R. E. Moore.
magazine on the subject. 3. That the known bondholders, mortgagees, Byrne Publishing Co. Dallas, Tex.
A complete description of the maga- and other
1
security holders owning or holding
j)er cent or more of total amount of bonds,
zine would require considerable space.
We would, therefore, suggest that you
mortgages, or other securities are: (If there
are none, so state.) None.
Name
write to Evans Brothers, 33 Newburg 4. That the two paragraphs next above,
giving the names of the owners, stockholders,
Street, Boston, Mass., for a sample. and security holders, if any, contain not only
This magazine should be of special the list of stockholders and security holders
interest to Music Supei-visors and as they appear upon the books of the com-
pupils in the public schools. pany but also, in cases where the stockholder
or security holder appears upon the books of

Port Huron, Mich., Business Univer-


sity catalog has been received. It is
the company as trustee or in any other fidu-
ciary relation, the name of the person or
corporation for whom such trustee is acting,
is given also that the said two paragraphs
Spencerian
with .school room
;

well illustrated
scenes. L. L. Kerney, M. C. S., is the
contain statements embracing affiant's full
knowledge and belief as to the circumstances School Pens
principal. and conditions under which stockholders and Spencerian Steel Pens are
security holders who do not appear upon the the best for schoolroom use
books of the company as trustees, hold stock because they outwear any two
p nd securities in a capacity other than that
ordinary pens. They retain
of a bona fide owner and this affiant has no
;
their smooth-writing points
HIGH GRADE I reason to believe that any other person, as-
sociation, or corporation has any interest or
longer against the misuse and
hard wear that children put
indirect in the said stock, bonds, or other se- upon pens. Children become
DiPLOlVlASANa curities than as so stated by him.
5. That the average number of copies of
better writers quickly with
these good tools.
each issue of this publication sold or dis- For more than half a cen-
CERTinCATES. tributed, through the mails or otherwise, to
paid subscribers during the six months pre-
ceding the date shown above is (This infor- —
tury
have
Spencerian Steel Pens
been the standard for
^thool pens. Twelve school
mation is required from daily publications
only.)
Itns —
three of each number
and our handwriting booklet
E. W. BLOSER. by mail on receipt of ten cents.
Catalog and Samples Free fSiffnature of editor). Please mention this publica-
HOWARD & BROWN Sworn to and subscribed before me this 17th
Ant of September, 1924.
ROCKLAND, MAINE. (Seal) EARL
A. LUPFER. Spencerian Pen Company
(My commission expores Jan. 11. 1926). 349 Broadway New York
A'o. — 1 College, fine point;

A'o. — Counting House,


double
2
elastic.

excellent for bookkeep-

—Scliool. fine point:


are many but the MAGNUSSON PROFES-
penholders on the market ;

SIONAL is the only penholder that has won


its reputation on its own merit for
ornamental writing. The thin stem which is so desirable cannot be made suc-
cessfully with an automatic lathe, therefore they are HAND MADE
of selected rosewood. (Look
for the brand). The A. "Magnusson Professional" hand turned holders are adjusted especially
for penmanship. 8 inch plain, each 35c 8 inch inlaid. 75c
; 12 inch plain, 75c
; 12 inch ;

inlaid, $1.35.
A. MAGNUSSON, 208 N. 5th STREET, QUINCY, ILL.
34 ^ f^J^uJ//ieU^^^/!fu^iih^ ^

NAME CARDS 35c doz. ; Address 10c extra


doz. Courses in Business and Ornamental
"HOW TO SELL"
Writing. Diploma Filling a specialty. The Money Makers' Magazine— "The Main En-
Tells how. when
trance to Successful Selling."
and what Puts you in touch with fast-
to sell.
and hundreds of reliable manu-
est selling lines
facturers—many of whom require no previous
experience. Famous t'ontrib\itors "brass ;

tacks" departments; interviews with successful


men and women. $1.00 a year. Special com-
bination price with "The Business Educator"
NEW CASTLE, PA. both for $1.50. Sample copy free.
HOW TO SELL
Department B. E.. 44:i S. Dearborn St.,
Chicago, Illinois

THE AMERICAN PENMAN


America's Handwriti ig Magaz -:ne
Devoted to Penmanship and Cominercial
Education
Contains Lessons in
Business Writing
Accounting LEARN AT HOME DURING SPARE TIME
Ornamental Writing Write for book. "How to Become a Good Pen-
Lettering man." and beautiful specimens. Free. Your AN ORNAMENTAL STYLE. My course in

Engrossing name on card if you enclose stamp. F. W. Ornamental Penmanship has helped hundreds
Articles on (he Teact ing and TAMBLYN, 406 Ridge BIdg.. Kansas City. Mo. become PROFESSIONALS. Send for proof.
Supervision of Pen manship.
Your name on cards, (six styles) if you send
10c. A. P. MEUB, Expert Penman, 2365 Mar
Yearly subscription price $1.25. Special Vista Ave, Pasadena. Cal.
club rates to schools and teachers. Sample LEARN ENGROSSING
copies sent on request.
in your spare time at home.
THE AMERICAN PENMAN Thirty Lesson Plates and
55 Fifth Avenue NEW YORK Printed Instructions mailed HAVE YOU SKKN THE
to any address on receipt of
two dollars. Cash or P. O.
Money Order.
JOURNAL OF COMMERCIAL
p. W. COSTELLO EDUCATION?
Kngrosser. Illuminator and (formerly the Stenographer &
200 Sheets ^lOO Neat Designer Phonographic World)
Scranton Real Estate Bldg. A monthly magazine covering all depart-
100Envelopesl-» ^'.^i'^'J SCRANTON. PA. ments of Commercial Education.
Strong departments preside<l over by well-
known teachers for those who teach any
LOVERS OF PENMANSHIP branch of commercial education, including
business administration, accountancy, and
velopcs to match. Name Your collection is not complete without this court reporting.
and address on every sheet and beautiful coarse
THE ONLY MAGAZINE OF ITS
•ich dark blue. .Plate Gothic Type. Gaskcll's Compendium of Penmanship. KIND PUBLISHED
West
of Denver and outside of
Single copy l.lc. Annual subscription $1.50
the U. S. $1.10. Sent C. O. D. if des'red. We Larire Ornamental Sheet 16x12.
copy slips beautiful
of (jrna- Send for Sample Copy.
prepay postage and guarantee satisfaction. Or-
BOOKLET AND SAMPLES
der today. FREE! mental p( nanship Flourishing. JOURNAL OF COMMERCIAL EDUCATION
ACJENTS WANTED. book of Ii ions -All for $1.00.
44 N. 41h St. PHILADELPHIA, PA.
ART STATIONKItY CO. O L D S M I T H,
I.i30 Taft Road A.. C'inrinna'i, (>. 175 13lh Av NEWARK,
'

^ M^^ud//mi4^4'^/iu^i^r- ^ 85

Illuminate Your Manuscripts


with

HIGGINS'
Colored Drawing Inks
IkU
^a^^or.

.^-.1.:
^-(.j^,,
rtrst

(^ -was prow
iicr-

tiio olfi
rairi. WORKS of rare beauty
can be achieved by
* s«rvvoss ro riv! :BiVH-i> dI>^ v-sv
the many blendings and
H^- viavx vH' rf>i Ul^cr loi^nvi* »U< tf^Mcf (fUvk o*'rfK ^vN?
j.vvis OcjMvrincwr, ~^c lai?t lienor ^u\^ A-^WtirS" -wxis. contrasts made possible
by these waterproof col-
ip|S . man a.,^ .o-.sv^rUo,OHv. ^^Iilbc ors which will remain
fadeless for a lifetime.
lt\c, Ivi^cvolciU «> lii5
th hit: f^-tlt'Nvinci'* *«l^ th'C nvMtt .ii'imstmcIviWc In Black, White and the
ri^cittK-T^. !>« it
iUtlnr^HST brilliant colors listed
hei'ewith.
\r^T- ."^ H,at our hoit

-r^'^K?^ iv hu-.t,c- IROSeiilF®©, Aat ™r ^vx-


COLORS
<!»tocm. Tc*)-ott >m> U-vsi ta- him arc ho-*i'
J I jfJS*!;
''"~'"
All Waterproof
j]n (§[ratinutiiu ;:^u^*"~"'*
\iatuinij5 a«i artxxc^ hereto: CARMINE GREEN SCARLET
BRICK RED BLUE BROWN
ORANGE VERMILION VIOLET
INDIGO
4, -Made Only by

Ghas. M. Higgins & Go.


2}. —iajS.dJ^^
/-~A(
Makers of HIGGINS' Engrossing and
Eternal Inks for almost half a century
271 Ninth Street Brooklyn, N. Y.
<^.i^fc:r""'^'^"7=^^!^^
ARTHUR MYERS
Studio, Chicago. Engrosser Resolutions. Testi-
als. memorials. diplomas. Certificates.
Charters. Book Plates. Honor Rolls. Title
Pages and Coat of .\rms. Elegant designs for
Memorial Tablets. Tombs, Monuments. Silver-

KARAM SHORTHAND ZANERIAN ware. Fine Jewelry, etc. Send copy for esti-
ARTHUR
IN 30 TO 60 DAYS GOLD BRONZE POWDER P. MYERS, Artist
963 E. Market St.
Penman
YORK, PA.
A money maker for pen workers, and
KARAM SHORTHAND is especially for card writers. Sprinkle some
efficient, —
practical, speed} the
of this sparkling powder on the ink before
it dries and enough will remain on the
simplest svstem ever devised. shades to make them a brilliant gold color.

CORRESPONDENCE COURSE
Cttch in a small box that which does not
adhere to the ink and but little bronze will
be used.
Gillott's Pens
Shorthand or Shorthand and Arnold's Japan is a good ink to use in
connection with the bronze powder, for it
The Most Perfect of Pens
Typewriting successfully taught contains some gum. If a drop or two (not
more) of pure glycerine is added to the ink
by mail. the powder is less likely to rub off.
Write for full information. Give this bronze a trial, delight your
customers, and see the shekels roll in.
KARAM CORPORATION 1 oz. package, postpaid, 25c.

117 1/2 West Second Street ZANER & BLOSER COMPANY


OKLAHOMA CITY, OKLA. Columbus, Ohio.

Name PENMANSHIP MADE EASY


By H. M. HILL
Sold on an absolute guarantee.
Address Single copies 75c, postpaid. No. 601 E. F. Magnum Quill Pen
H. M. HILL,
Box 725, Colombia, S. C.
Pens stand in the front rank as re-
Gillott's
gards Temper, Elasticity and Durability.

It Is
JOSEPH GILLOTT & SONS
Sheer Nonsense SOLD BY ALL STATIONERS
To have an oblique holder longer than 4 or 4^ inches. Enclose this ad and Money Order
for Sl.oO. No
clip set in holder, but three clips will be sent with each holder. Here is an Alfred Field & Co., Inc., Sole Agents
opportunity for you to secure a beautiful rosewood holder and adjust it to suit yourself.
R. C. KIxMG— 701 Met. Life Bldg.— MINNEAPOLIS, MINN. 93 Chambers St. NEW YORK CITY"
: : : :

36

PENMANSHIP SUPPLIES
Prices subject to change without notice. Casli should accompany all orders.
All goods go postpaid except those listed to go by express, you to pay express charges. Of
course, when cheaper, goods listed to go by express will be sent by parcel post, if you pay
charges.

PENS PAPERS
Zanerian Fine Writer Pen No. 1. Zanerian 5 lb Paper (wide and narrow rule)
gr $1.75 U gr $ .50 1 doz .$ .20
1 pkg. of 240 sheets by express $1.50
Zanerian Ideal Pen No. 2, Zanerian iMedial
Pen No. 3, Zanerian Standard Pen No. 4, Zanerian 6 lb Paper (wide and narrow rule)
1 pkg. of 240 sheets by express .$2.00
Zanerian Falcon Pen No. 5, Zanerian Busi-
ness Pen No. 6. Zanerian 7 lb Paper (wide rule)
gr % gr 1 doz $ .15 1 pkg. of 240 sheets by express $2.25
1 $1.25 $ .40
Special prices in quantities. We also handle Zanerian Azure (Blue) Paper:
Gillott's, Hunt's, Spencerian and Esterbrook's 1 pkg. of 240 sheets by express $2.00
pens. Write for prices. Zaner Method No. 9 Paper (fg in. rule, SxlO'/z)
Broad Pointed Lettering Pens. 1 pkg. of 500 sheets, not prepaid $ .85
1 Complete set (12 pens) $0.35 100 sheets by mail postpaid 50
',2 doz. single pointed pens 15 Zaner Method No. 15 Paper (Ys in. rule,
',2 doz. double pointed pens 30 SxlO'/z):
1 doz. single pointed, any No 25 1 pkg. of 500 sheets, not prepaid $1.50
1 doz. double pointed, any No 60

PEN HOLDERS INKS


Zanerian Fine Art Oblique Holder, Rosewood: Zanerian India Ink:
nV2 inches $1.25 8 inches $1.00 1 bottle $ .40 1 doz. bottles express....$4.00
Zanerian Fine Art Straight Holder, 8 inches. .$1.00 1 bottle Zanerian Gold Ink 25
Zanerian Oblique Holder, Rosewood: 1 bottle Zanerian White Ink 30
11 '/2 inches $ .75 8 inches $ .65 Arnold's Japan Ink:
Zanerian Expert Oblique Holder, T/z inches: 1 bottle, 4 oz. postpaid $ .50
1 only $ .20 1 doz $1.25 V2 gr $6.50 1 pint by express 75
\2 doz 75 \i gr 3.50 1 gr 12.00 1 quart by express 1.15

Excelsior Oblique Holder, 6 inches: Zanerian Ink Powder:


1 quart package $ .30
1 only $ .15 1 doz $1.20 V2 gr $5.50
li doz 70 U gr 3.00 1 gr 10.00 G packages or more, per pkg., net 22%
Zanerian Ink Tablets (both red and black)
Zaner Method Straight Holder, T/z inches:
1 quart box, 32 tablets $ .30
1 only $ .15 1 doz $ .60 V2 gr $2.65
'2 doz 36 U gr 1.50 1 gr 4.80
6 boxes or more, per box 22%
1 Triangular Straight Holder, 714 inches $0.25
1 Correct Holder, hard rubber, 6% inches 25
FINE WHITE CARDBOARD
1 Hard Rubber Inkstand 70 White Wedding Bristol: Size 22x28:
1 Good Grip PenpuUer 10 6 sheets, postpaid $ .90
1 Inkholder for Lettering.. 10
12 sheets, postpaid 1.65
CARDS 2 sheets by mail, postpaid 50
White, black and six different colors:
100 postpaid, 30c; 500 expre.ss (shipping weight
LARGE SHEETS OF PAPER
2 lbs.), $1.00; 1000 express (shipping weight
4 fts.), $2.00.
Zanerian, 16x21 — 32 lb. (smooth surface):
6 sheets by mail, postpaid $ .50
Flourished Design Cards:
20 sheets by mail, postpaid 1.50
With space for name. Two diirerent sets of 12
each. Every one different. —
Ledger, 16x21 30 lb. (smooth hard surface):
2 sets, 24 cards.. ..$ .20 6 sets, 72 cards $ .40 (> sheets by mail, postpaid $ .65
3 sets, 36 cards 25 12 sets, 144 cards .70 12 sheets by mail, postpaid 1.10

Write for complete Penmanship supply Catalog

THE ZANER-BLOSER CO., Penmanship Specialists, Columbus, Ohio


II I II I lAy/llll»IIIIIIIIIIIIV\lllini lJl ! II IMI II M I i l l lll l l B^.iMll l
llllllll

Entered at Post Officz.,Columbus.Ohk) as second class matter.


liiliiiTiiikk:iil!ii!!lili ^w I II III II iNiini////iiiiiinHiiiii4i[niiiii iiiii iiiiiik-imiiI lllil.i
^ c//i^'^uj//ie^^^<f/iua^ ^

A ^orXA^ide Triumph

THE success of the New


Remington Standard 12 is
testify
machine
that
it is
as a "teaching"
incomparable. It
universal. It extends over the is simple; it is strong; it will

entire civilized world, and it stand the hard knocks. It is


includes every kind and char- swift, light running, and easy

acter of useand user. Business to operate. And it literally

houses, large and small, and helps the operator to turn out
business schools everywhere good work. The writing ma-
agree that this New Remington chine which combines all oi
is the greatest value among these qualities is the natural
standard writing machines. preference of school teachers
and students wherever type-
Leading business educators writing is taught.

REMINGTON TYPEWRITER COMPANY


374 Broadway, New York
Branches Everywhere

REMINGTON
Standard Since the Invention of the Writing Machine
^ f^^^Uii//i^^^^/iu:a/h^ ^

The School Favorite


HIGfilNS America's most popular pen for
school use is Esterbrook Pen
No. 555. Suitable for all school
grades,
Esterbrook pens are fashioned
of steel as fine as that in the
mainspring ofa watch, and made
by the oldest manufacturer of
steel pens in America.
Upon receipt of li cents, tie ti-ill mail you
the world's 12 most popular pens, and a
booklet of 100 famous signatures
Address Department B. E-

Esterbrook Pen Mfg. Co.


FOR THE PENMAN Camden, N.J.

Writes Black
EXPERIENCED
line,
Eternal
Ink.
and Eternally Remains So
penmen insist on using only Higgins'
Writes jet black, giving a clear, sharp
which dries so quickly that a blotter is unnecessary.
Since it is a carbon ink, it cannot be eradicated without
destroying the paper. Proof against chemicals, light, and air.
f Agents,
Brovim Bros., Ltd.
Toronto

Specify Higgins' Eternal Ink for all fine writing. Ideal for
diplomas, certificates, docuxnents, and everywhere that per-
manent and waterproof qualities are desired.

Ghas. M. Higgins & Co.


271 Ninth Street
CHICAGO
Brooklyn, N. Y.
LONDON Always a FRESH

ETERNAL INK
""'"'""
Metropolitans- ^2:"-,,, Metropolitan IT
Diiejnpce McKinley High School
System of ^ a^-^-^-
Chicago

Speller Bookkeeping
Over 6000 words. New lessons .containingwords pertaining You Will Like It. The text emphasizes the thought side of
to Aeroplanes. Radio, Automobiles, etc. Complete Index. 244 the subject. It stimulates and encourages the reasoning pow-
pages, attractive binding, 50 cents. er of the pupil. Pupils acquire a knowledge of the subject as
well as facility in the making of entries. It is a thoroughly
A Superior Speller seasoned, therefore accurate, text supported by complete
Teachers' Reference Books, and Teachers' Manual.
Twofold Design. In the preparation of the Metropolitan
Business Speller we had constantly in mind two objects: Parts I and II text is an elementary course suitable for
first, to teach the pupil to spell, and second to enlarge his any school in which the subject is taught. Two semesters
vocabulary, especially of words in general use. are required in High Schools and a correspondingly shorter
Classification of Words. As an aid to the memory we have time in more intensified courses.
classified words, as regards sounds, syllabication, accents and
meaning. We
have grouped the words relating to each par- Parts III and IV text is suitable for an advanced course
ticular kind of business into lessons, by which the student is following any modern elementary te.\t. We make the state-
enabled to familiarize himself with the vocabulary of that ment without hesitation, that this is the most teachable,
business. Wehave interspersed miscellaneous exercises in most up-to-date, and strongest text published for advanced
the nature of reviews. We have grouped words that can best bookkeeping and elementary accounting use.
be learned by comparisons, such as Stationery and Stationary.
Corporation-Mfg. -Voucher unit is bound in heavy paper
Abbreviations of states, months, railways and commercial covers and contains all of Part IV. It is a complete course
terms are given in regular lesson form, and grouped alpha- in Corporation accounting including instructions, set of
betically. We regard abbreviating of almost equal impor- transactions, exercises, problems, etc. It is without doubt
tance with spelling. the best text for this part of your accounting course. List
Syllabication and pronunciation are shown by the proper prices. Text. 120 pages, 40 cents. Supplies, including Blank
division of words, and the use of the diacritical marks. The Books and Papers, 95 cents.
words are printed in bold type, and the definitions in lighter
face, so as to bring out the appearance of the word, —
^an aid
in sight spelling. EXAMINATION COPIES will be submitted upon request.

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Exercises .— - 40
Secretarial Studies, Text - — — 1.40

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By John B. Opdycke
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Schmitt Printing Company with this end in view; hence the inclusion of plates illustrat-
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the various forms of alphabet.

139 E. Rich Street Columbus, Ohio


Main 4556 Citizen 6954
Isaac Pitman & Sons
2 West 45th Street NEW YORK
THE BUSINESS EDUCATOR
{ ^{O COLUMBUS, OHIO, DECEMBER, 1925

1
- — --

I
TO COMMERCIAL TEACHERS delegates the usual courtesy of one Topic: The Business of Education
EVERYWHERE: and one-half fare for transportation Musical Program
, extend to you my hearty greetings,
I on the Certificate plan. Be sure to get (a) Howard Hafford, Tenor
jmd a most cordial invitation to attend a Certificate when you buy your one (b) The Cincinnati Male Quar-
he National Commercial Teachers' way ticket. tette; Dancing.
federation Meeting to be held in Commercial Teacher, give yourself
pincinnati, December 28th, 29th and a Christmas present of this trip. It MR. MEADOWS SAYS:
!Oth in Hotel Gibson. will give you joy and satisfaction for Develop initiative. Learn to do
You will find printed elsewhere in the rest of school year
the You things without being told. This is
he column of this paper the General will meet many teachers who are one of the greatest assets any young
i'rogram for the Federation Meeting. doing the same kind of work that you man or woman can have. It Will get
The musical programs will be of the are. You will get in these three days him or her ahead quicker than any-
ligh type for which our city is noted. an inspiration and satisfaction that thing else.
Hotel Gibson, our meeting place, is will remain with you for a long time Be neat, orderly, systematic, and
:he finest hotel in the middle west. to come. You will be a better teacher quiet in all your work. Everybody
The management will extend to their when you return to your school room. likes neat work. Everyone likes to
jTiests every courtesy, hospitality, Again, I most cordially in^^te you see an orderly desk and an orderly
lomfort, and protection that is pos- to come to our city for the Federation office Everyone likes to see a person
sible with its splendid organization. Meeting. go about his work in a systematic,
Vlake your resen-ations early, and Cordially yours, quick manner. Loud talking with
lirect to the Hotel Management. Irving R. Garbutt, other employees, with visitors, or over
The Railroad will extend to all Chairman, Local Committee. the telephone, should always be
avoided.
NATIONAL COMMERCIAL Reception and Dancing. (Mr Meadows is President of Drau-
ghon's Business College, Shreveport,
TEACHER.S' FEDERATION Tuesday, December 29, at 9:30 A. M.
La.)
HOTEL GIBSON. Cincinnati, Ohio General Federation Meeting
December 28, 29 and 30.1925. —
Addres.s Speaker to be Announced
GENERAL PROGRAM —
Address Mr. Amon W. Welch, "Penmanship is the vehicle which
carries all your other qualifications to
Monday Dec. 28, General Federation Attorney of N. Y. (Formerly Dir-
Meeting 1:.30 P. M. ector of Commercial Ed. East market and sells them for you." In
Invocation— Rev. Hugo G. Eisenlohr Orange, N. J.) spite of the common use of the type-
Address of Welcome — Dr. Randall J. Topic: Tlie Middle Ground in Com- writers, penmanship still plays a
Condon, Superintendent of Schools, mercial Education. mighty important part in business.
Cincinnati, Ohio. Wednesday, Dec. 30, at 9:30 A. M. Accounts have to be recorded, letters

Response by President Yoder General Federation Meeting signed and checks written all by —

Address Prof. Hennan Schneider, —
Address Honorable Charles M. that long used art of Penmanship.
From the Post Huron, Mich., Business
Dean, College Engineering and Hay of St. Louis, Mo.
Commerce, University of Cincinnati, Topic: World Peace through Edu- University catalog.
Topic: Co-operative Training in cation
Commerce. Mr. Hav will be presented by Hon. Primary Writing Problems
Monday Evening December — 28, at Albert D. Shockley of Cinti. by A. M. Hinds
8:00 P. M. (This program is furnished by the Mr. A. M. Hinds, Director of Hand-
Musical Program courtesy of the Cincinnati Board writing, Louisvile, Ky., has contrib-
(a) Culp String Quartette of of Education) uted a very thought provoking article
Cinti., O. Wednesday, Dec. 30, at 6:30 P. M. on Primary Writinff to this issue of
(b) Charlotte Sandman Angert, Annual Banquet, Roof Garden, the journal. Mr. Hinds is an up-to
Soprano Hotel Gibson date and very energetic supervisor as
(This musical program is furnished Toastmaster, President Yoder you will see from his article. We
by the courtesy of the Cincinnati —
Address Edward D. Roberts Asst. — hope to publish more articles from
Chamber of Commerce) Supt. of Schools, Cinti. Mr. Hinds later on.

THE BUSINESS EDUCATOR SUBSCRIPTION PRICE, $1.25 A YEAR The Business Educator is the best medium
(To Canada, 10c more; foreign, 20c more) through which to reach business college pWK
Published monthly (except Julv and August) Single copy. 15c.
By THE ZANER-BLOSER CO., Change address should
of be requested prietors and managers, commercial teachert
I

612 N. Park Columbus. O. promptly in advance, if possible, giving the old and students, and lovers of penmanship. Copjr
'

St..
E. W. Bloser Editor as well as the new address. must reach our office by the 10th of the rnont^
E. A. LupFER . - - . Managing Editor Advertising rates furnished upon request. for the issue of the following month.
^ .^^^u4/n^U^^Uiu^i/^ ^

Lessons in Business Penmanship


By J. J. BAILEY, High School of Commerce, Toronto, Ont.. Canada.
(Mr. Bailey will be glad to g-ive you good criticisms if you will

A SUGGESTION FOR PRACTICING letter-forms, wherever possible, twice —


and movement, two essential ele-
Among many students, teachers as large as the copy. Turn the sheet ments in learning to write. Try this
frequently find a tendency towards already written, on around, and write and see how well you succeed.
nervousness, as evidenced in the weak, thro' the lines, making the writing big This may sound like bad pedagogy,
irregular letter-forms, narrow ovals, andbold. In this way you do not see but there is some good psychology in
your errors so prominently as you do I know it works well in practice,
shaded strokes, and crowded letters. it.

The cause of this nervousness lies in in writing on the lines, consequently however bad it may appear in theory.
a too-tightly-gripped pen. Hold it you forget your nervousness, and use To secure neatness and order in the
lightly, with just sufficient pressure good movement and speed. You get work, divide the writing page into 4
to insure that it does not slip in your the feel of the motion used, and you spaces, 1% inches long, leaving mar-
fingers. In addition write the single learn to make the form with speed gins at both sides equal in length, i

Copy 1. In order to secure good lateral movement that is movement across the line or sideways it is neces- —
sary to practice some such exercise as that given below. They may be made as shown, or twice as long, even all
the way across the page. Endeavor to have the lines cross in the middle and to have the two loops look alike in
size and shape. In "b" we have a splendid exercise to develop control over the lateral
movement. Practice it dili-
"g" demands good movement as well as good control, so
gently in all its different phases. Such an exercise as
master it.

Copy 2. Small "j". Review the two-space straight line exercise both compact and retraced before commencing
the big "j". The part above the line is exactly like the small "i". The lower part is a loop somewhat straight on
the down stroke, well rounded at the end, and crossing at the base line. Do not make the down-stroke straight
throughout its whole length. That would necessitate an angle at the bottom instead of a curve. The exercise num-
bered "5" is another movement and control developer. Strive for a good swing in all your work, but be neat. J

Copy Small "y". Review the small "n" and "m". This letter is made up of the last part of n and j. Make
3.
the "n" part round. So many people make it like "i". Strive for smooth lines (through your speed), accuracy
(through your control) and neatness (through your eye). Every student ought to be able to turn out a tidy orderly
page by this time.

Copy 4 Small "g". Review the small "a". The "g"is merely an "a" with a similar loop to that used in the
"j". Be sure to close the letter at the top, and to make a graceful lower loop. Remember to use speed and move-

By the way, do you take stock every day of your position? Are you holding your pen absolutely correctly? If
you have religiously adhered to the principles laid down in the September number, your position at the desk, and of
your pen and paper should have become second nature to you by now. In other words it should have become so
automatic, that you do these things correctly without any conscious effort on your part, so that you can devote
your whole energy towards the making the exercises in good form.
^ .^^^uJ/ne^£i^iu^i/^ ^ 9

[
Copy 5. Small "z". Here is an odd letter, the first part is like the first part of n or m, the latter, like the
( loop in j or g, except that it has, usually, more curve than either of these. This is because of the peculiar curve
]
at the base line. Look at it closely, analyze it carefully, then strike out boldly at the big copy. Use transparent
'
paper to get a correct copy, place it over your work and see wherein you err in making it. In this way you educate
I your eye to discriminate accurately.

Copy 6. Small t. Here are two forms. The first is used initially and medially, the second finally. Practice
the small "i" because the "t" is merely an "i" with an upper retraced stroke, not less than twice its length. The
cross stroke should be about three-quarters as long as tl e letter itself, and should intersect the main part about
one-third of the way down. The strokes in the final "t" are not retraced, and the last stroke curves upward about
two-thirds the height of the first part.
Use good regular movement and speed in writing the words.

L^^t^/-
Copy 7. Small d. Two forms of the letter are given. The firstis used initially and medially, the second
finally. Some writers use the latter form in all three cases. It is merely a matter of opinion. The first part of d
is like "a", the latter is exactly like "t".

Copy 8. Small "p". The upper part is like that in the final t, while the lower part is a loop crossing as near
as possible at the base line. The oval part is quite like an "a" upside down. Combining small p's in groups is an
excellent exercise for developing lateral movement as well as for developing control over your muscular movement.
Make 4 or 5 p's in each quarter space, in columns. Afterwards write as lines. Do your very best on that big word
"principalities". It will test your skill.

'_...-^^2^-^.^^^S^^C^-^^2^--^

Copy 9. Small 1. Here we have the first of a groupof commonly called the upper-loop letters as distinguished
from the lower loop letters j, g, y and z. They are difficult. Try to use good movement, but above all try to make

a graceful loop one with curve on both sides at the top. Do not make an angle at the top. If you observe the form
carefully you will see that the loop begins at the height of the minimum-spaced letters. Before commencing on this
letter make a large 2-spaced straight line exercise. Check the movement just before reaching the base line in order
to make a curve there instead of an angle.

Copy 10. Small h. This letter is merely an 1 with the last part of n attached. Review the 2-spaced straight
line exercise; also the n. Watch your upper loops. Make them gracefully, using fair speed and good movement.
Try to keep them equal in size, and slant. You should write at least 18-20 "hash's" in a minute.

Copy 11. Small b. Review small 1 and w or v. Many people make the last part of this letter too wide,
thereby detracting from its beauty. Do not forget the tick or retraced stroke at the end. You will have to put in
many hours of careful, painstaking practice before you will be able to make the b proficiently. But every letter
you master, makes you just that much better writer.

(Continued on Page 28)


10 0^ f^i^3BuJ//t^d^^''^<^iu^i/^r' ^

Ideal Business Writing


By E. C. MILLS, Rochester, N. Y.

PLATE 25
The sentence copies in this plate will be found to be some of the most difficult copies yet taken up in this series
of lessons. This work is putting into practice all of the previous work which we have taken up together with get-
ting a good arrangement of the letters. Several pages should be written with each line of copy. Do not begin the
second copy until you can notice a decided improvement in the first one. It is a good plan to number your pages
and compare the last copy with the first and note the improvement. Each student should be able to get the same
amount of work to the line as given in the copy. Be careful in making loop letters to see that the upward stroke is
curved sufficiently in order that the downward line may be made nearly straight. The loops should be made nice and
full, and they should present a graceful appearance. The enlarged fonns of the small "r" and "s" is copies 280,
281, should be studied and practiced in this way. I find that there are more students who fail in these two letters
than in most any other two in the alphabet, and as they are letters that are very freciuently used we should be care-
ful to improve them.

PLATE 26
Continue the sentence practice, but in doing this woik, whenever we find the movement degenerating we should
go back to the simple movements and word copies and work on them until the movement is again established. Great
care should be exercised in this work in getting the spacing between words, in order that the letters in each word
may look as though they belonged to the word, and sufficient spacing between the words in order that each word
may stand out by itself, perfectly plain.
PLATE 27
The an-angement of the work should be one of the important things for the student's consideration, and while
all this work should be done with the free rapid arm movement, still the student .should have in mind all the time
the exact form of letter to be reproduced.

We can still furnish back numbers containing all of Mr. Mills' lessons, It will pay you to get this complete
course now. Send the B. E. to your friends for Christmas.

PLATE 25

'r,::,./.^>e^y<>^L..-£r/'....^^^^ C -^^

'.-^^^^.'C^-Tp-^yC^i::^-?'/-z^^^
^^^^Uii//ieSS ^it/iua^h^ ^ 11

PLATE 26

;-^z^>z?^-2^^^^>^-:>'Z^^s^^-^

PLATE 27
12
f^J^uJ/zi^iU'^/iu^i^fr' ^
Supplimentary Business Writing
Bj C. C. LISTER, Maxwell Training School for Teachers, New York City.

-_...^Z^^^...d--Js^<^^^(i.d^iti..^<JIZ^L.'/^ .J^^/-i^-z^t^-i;^'zy'~e.A-y_ L;-^^..^^

<!^^_l--'^«C-i--?<>'Z--<^l--^-<^'^<A.

Each month Mr. Lister seems to excel his previous contributions. Few if any today can write a page of script which contains aa much ease,
grace and beauty as shown above. We have a high regard for Mr. Lister's work and a still higher regard for him as a man.
Send your friends THE BUSINESS EDUCATOR for Christmas.
^ ^^J^fiJ/n^U^^4i^iu:a/h^ IS

Modern Broad-Pointed Lettering


WILLIS A. BAIRD ENGROSSING STUDIO
440 Wrigley Building, North Section, Chicago.

The alphabet here presented is more legible than the Engrossing Text, and for that reason it finds favor with
the general public. The buyer of engrossing is, unfortunately, usually none too familiar with the broad pen styles.
Being more familiar with Roman which he finds in nearly all reading matter, simplicity and legibility are likely to
appeal to him. A considerable amount of practice will be required to give the appearance of uniform slant this —
holds good for the slant of the shoulders of the stroke as well as that part of the stroke which should be vertical.
The capitals are of Roman or Missal origin. They are quite plain and harmonize fairly well with the small letters.
These letters are just as the broad pen left them. Rule head and base lines for practice and give each letter plenty
of room A short squatty style will usually look best for body work. Frequent comparisons of your practice work
with the copy will bring the best results in the shortest time.

ab CD dcjloigh iiklmnop q \*6tuinuxi)25


:^BCl3€FGBIJJRL0:)DTO
opQRsoauuiDiuBeyBy
abcdctghijklmnopqrtnumnuxy£^^3e£
7

J^:::^^2-^^.---Z/-€^'7^V.7^^2^.''-Z<£^"-Z^-iS^?'E^::.e^^-^i^^-^^-'£-^5C-z^>:te<;^

9 / / y -.e^^^^^scz^^j-^-*:^:!^

Accurate, profession al busin ess penmanship by Rene GuUlard, Evanston. 111.

Miss Lottie Sheperd, a recent grad-


uate of Bay Path Institute, Spring-
field, Mass., is a new commercial
teacher in the High School at New
Castle, Me.
Miss Florice Floyd of Whitewater,
Wisconsin, is a new commercial teach-
er in the Lowville, N. Y., High School.
Miss Marion F. Cobb of Augusta,
Maine, has just accepted a position to
teach in the Kennebunk, Maine, Public
Schools.
Miss Hilda McNally of Boston,
Mass., is a new commercial teacher at
Waltham, Mass.
Miss Eunice M. Johnson of Rich-
77i e business Educator mond, Va., has been elected to teach
commercial work in the High School
From the pen of Lupfe at Richwood, W. Va.
^ .^J^U^/t^U^^^/iU^l/^

Teachers and Students are urged to assist I collecting material for this page
Students who ubscribers to the B. E. may secure free criticism vhen working on the lesson in the B. E. Send return postage.

CHRISTMAS GREETING CON-


TEST. Prepare Christmas cards in ^=='V^-ti^^^
black ink and send to the Contest De-
partment of THE BUSINESS EDU-
CATOR. You will find many ideas
and beautifully worded greetings on
the thousands of cards which will be
on sale at the various stores.

Write your name, address and name


of school and teacher plainly on the
bottom or back of your greeting. A
Year's subscription will go to each
student who is fortunate in getting a
design published. Get busy now and
send in your work before Jan. 1, 1925.
Get your friends to subscribe to THE
BUSINESS EDUCATOR.
Miss Mary J. W Is on. pen nanship teacher of New Castle. Pa., is
Hill testify. M, n > of th specimens published do not do justii
used is eithe to o black a id thick or too thin and blue.

^^i-C-lS^

d^^U^TL^-^J^—^ ^.-cC^^^^ i^O/^^^^-tlJ^f^-^^-t?^ --Z^^


The eiehl lines of this poem were written in a very dashy lookin K style
first by OsumaIwalaki. pupil in Alameda. Calif.. High School, under
the instruction of lone Gardiner. Notice the resularity of slant and spacing which maken the wriling attractive.
The Ia.st sli lines were writU-n by Clarence I'feiffer. pupil of Miss C ullinan in Central Junior High. Dubuque. la. Clarence probably writM
faster than Usuma but does not have as regular and attractive slant. Both are on (he road to success.
.^J^UJl/ieJ^^^/fU^i/lfT- ^ 16

SIGNATURE CONTEST. Signa-


tures for the contest have been coming
in very slowly and many of them have
been in blue ink which will not en-
grave. We shall try to publish some
of the best signatures in our next is-

sue, and shall give a penholder to each


student whose name is published. Tlie
B. E. will make a good Christmas
present.

Marie Hoffman, 16 years old. of Hiffhiands Kiph School. Ft. Tho Ky., wrote the above.
Russell E. Bridges, teacher.

This is one of the best specimens we have received from a \\ year old pupil. Guillerma Chavez of Colton, Calif., Intermediate
School has a firm quality of line and a free swing as the above shows.
You are going to be a winner. Cuillerma. if you keep on working. Study slant and spacing, and be sure to get your letters
like e, o, a. and loops open.

The above design was made by Fannie Steinberg, pupil in Cleveland School. Newark, N. J., Mr. Fred H. Riecke, teacher. You
will do well to make movement exercise designs, as it will give your writing freedom and grace. Be sure to make your ovals
slanting and two-thirds as wide as long.
16 ^ f!^^r^UJ//i^U^^<(/iU^lJ^ ^
Ornamental Penmanship
By H. L. DARNER, Daquesne University, Pittsbureh, Pa.

'^^^^t:Z.<d^^'^--7'-Z'^^
^ f^^^u^'n^^iudiu^i^T^ 17

called "The Reason


More Mind Why." This book

MENTAL MEANDERINGS Training Stunts

and answers, all of


was made up en-
tirely of questions
the questions
By CARL MARSHALL beginnnig with the word, "Why."
Route 1, Box 32. Tujunga, Califor They related mostly, to common
things of the outdoors. I can yet
recall very many of these questions:
Benito Mussolini, whose name might over-rode his hobbies, for the common "Why do birds with short strong bills
suggest, "blessing accompanied by sense of the school board made itself stay with us all winter, while birds
muss," has recently told his country- manifest, and they called a sort of with slim soft bills go south?" "Why
men that liberty for the indignation meeting, at which they does smoke settle towards the ground
Liberty civilized man, is an im- cut down the time given to music, in damp weather?" "Why do earth
And Law. practical dream and vain art and so forth, from 225 minutes to worms come to the surface during
delusion. The Italian 90. It is to be hoped that they will rainy weather?" "Why do drops of
Dictator probably means that com- go far enough to finish the good work moisture gather on the outside of a
plete liberty of individual action is and give their fad-infected "super" a pitcher of iced water?" My brothehr
not possible in a land of law. There pei-manent vacation. and I used to play an interesting
is no doubt that a good many of his The number of school children, of game with this book. We would take
countrymen need to be told that. Out the average run, who have the talent turns reading the questions to each
here in California, at least three- to make a successful vocation of other, seeing who could guess out the
fourths of all the Volstead violators either music or art, would be liber- most answers. I think that my power
are Italians, alien or naturalized, who ally estimated at one per cent. Why to reason was more efl'ectively trained
insist on their right to make, sell or waste the time of the other ninety- by this book, than all the works on
drink "Dago red" regardless of the nine per cent over the intricacies of logic that I read later on. The ability
law. But Benito might have gone a music by note, the sticking of colored to reason, like most other abilities,
bit further, and ex- pieces of paper on other pieces depends on practice Moreover, the
plained to his commun- daubing alleged similitudes of leaves tendency to reason, is a habit, rather
ists and other lawless and flowers in water-colors, or model- than a special gift through inheritance
ones, that law really in- ing in clay, divers frogs, pigs or pup- or innate genius. Material for the
creases the sum total pies, that violate no injunction against exercise of the reasoning faculty lies
of human liberty. The the making of "graven images," all about us. There is reason for al-
individual liberty of the since they resemble nothing on the most everything that happens, and
thief and the hold-up earth, in the waters beneath the earth, often, it takes considerable thinking
man may be restricted nor (let us hope!) in the Heavens to figure it out. The majority of men
by the law, but it helps above the earth? To fritter away and women won't take the trouble to
to secure to the rest of the precious time of the average do this, which mostly accounts for the
us, the liberty to use child with such foolishness is hardly surplussage of boobs in the world.
and enjoy our own, free from the mo- less than a crime. But it is too much Most people will swallow, without
lestation of thieves and robbers. Lib- to expect that the educational faddists question, the greater part of what
erty to play the game may only be se- can be made to see it. Tlirough some they hear or read, without stopping to
cured by the rules of the game. Our curious kink in their alleged brains, consider the whys and wherefores.
liberties are not restricted so much they prefer to cover the walls of their This makes the world an easy mark
by the law as by the lawless. This is school-rooms with "school art exhib- for the demagogs and blatherskited of
true all the way from playing marbles its," while the children are passed on politics, religion and education. Al-
to carrying on governments. The without the ability, decently to read, most anyone above the grade of an
communists and anarchists are voci- write, spell or cipher. Tliere are idiot, can greatly improve his mind
ferous against the "tyranny of the law thousands of business schools over and learn the art of thinking, if he
and of governments," but in Russia, all this country, where young men and will go about it persistently and
the only place on earth where the women have to spend costly time in judiciou.sly. Skeptics have not been
communists are running things, there learning things that they should have popular with the purveyors of dogmas,
is less liberty today than in any other learned before they were out of the and theories, whether political, relig-
land, savage or civilized. Moreover, sixth grade. ious or scientific, but all the same,
the very liberty of the comrhunist to There should be means everyin they have been a lot of service to the
stand on a soap box and howl against school to train the children in an world. ,and have had a more interest-
the law, is secured to him by the law appreciation of good music and art, ing time themselves than if they had
that keeps the indignant mob from but to do this it is not necessary to
,
belonged to the tribe of Gullibles. If
giving him a salutary coat of tar and attempt the impossible feat of making everybody would set up a Thinking
feathers. Mussolini has saved Italy all the children to be musicians or Gymnasium and spend an hour or two
from the communist, by rather arbi- artists. A child with a real genius in it every day, it would not be long
trary methods, but his Italian decriers for art cannot be kept out of it, any- till the world had fewer nitwits in it.
would do well to reflect that under his more than you can keep ducks from Imagination, Memory and Con-
regime, they are enjoying a lot more swimming when water is around. science, may all be trained specific-
liberty than they would under the Bol- When little Benjamin West's Quaker ally (not generally) by almost any-
shiviki. father whipped him for the sin of try- thing that will bring into action these
ing to paint pictures, and burned his faculties. The most callous-hearted,
A good friend of mine who lives out brushes, the little fellow crawled off sour and morose curmudgeon in the
in a big town Iowa writes me that
in to the garret and painted with a brush world could be changed into a Sunny
educational matters there are in what made from hairs that he pulled from Jim, if you could once get him started
he calls "a joyous mus=." the tail of the family cat. It is doing kind acts. Dickens, the wisest
Education He goes on to explain neither desirable nor possible for the in human nature, of all the novelists,
And Art that "the specialists common school to accomplish the has shown this in his character,
have taken possession adeciuate art training of the excep- Scrooge. Somebody has defined ima-
here, as they usually can anywhere, tional child. The school is for the gination as the power of seeing the
with the result that music and art majority: give the time to the things
_

invisible, — castles in the clouds,


now take up more than one third of that the majority most wants. golden streets and palaces in the sun-
the entire school time." It appears sets, faces in the embers when the fire
that the Superintendent, is "one of has burned low, for instance. Happy
those advanced educators who believes When I was quite a small boy, mv is he who has learned to do this. I
ferociously in music, art and athlet- older brother,who was a thoughtful once traveled for a fortnight in the
ics." But it seems that he rather lad, made me a present of a book (Continued on page 25)
18 ^ f^^^UiU'/t^ii^^^/fua/h^
will then be taught to recognize the
word at sight. A piece of paper
A Few Problems of First Grade Writing should be held over the "in", thus
leaving only the "i" visible. The
and Suggestions for Their Solution pupils are told the name of this let-
ter which we are ready to practice.
By A. M. HINDS, Director of Handwrilijig, Louisville, K.v.
A few sideward movement drills and
push - pull exercises should be given
by rythmic count to get the lateral
Handwriting is one of the fine arts. this last is accomplished fairly well,
movement and slant. The "i" alone
As a tool of expression it is extremely letters, words and short sentences should constitute the next exercise
difficult to learn because of the accu- should be taught. It is not necessary with a count of 1 - 2 - dot. It is best
racy, size and rapidity with which it to continue practice on movement to count on the upstrokes of small let-
must be executed. In the beginning drills for any length of time as the
ters, because they are longer than
the pupils have thoughts which they letters themselves will afford good
down strokes, and require more force.
are eager but unable to express with drills for movement if the proper Then "n" should be developed in the
a pencil until the mechanics of writing rhymic count be followed. same way. As a paper is placed over
have been learned. The questions It is true that thought precedes
the "i" the pupils learn to recog-
then arise, how much of the mechan- expression and should thus be con- nize the "n" at sight, ever keep-
ics should the pupils learn before they sidered in teaching handwriting to ing in mind that the "n" is a
attempt to express their thoughts by pupils. The word should be of one part of the word "in" which is
writing and what is the best method unit, not that it expresses a thought
remembered from the expression,
of procedure by the teacher. Probably but that it suggests one. It is made "Come in." A few push - pull drills
there have been few problems in pri- of a number of little forms called let-
should be given to impress the slant
mary teaching that have given rise ers which must be learned according
of the two down strokes. The "n"
to more arguments than that of pre- to their occurence in words. The day shoud then be practiced with a count
senting handwriting. of the A B C's is past. If the word
2 on the up strokes. We are
of 1 - - 3
Generally, the primary supervisors is to be our unit, then the word, and
now ready to practice the word "in",
emphasize the thought preceding the not the letter, must be presented to which the children have been so eager
mechanics so strongly that the the class first. Not that the child is to write during this development of
mechanics suffer, in so much as posi- given a word to write in the begin- motor control and muscular co-
tion, movement and form are neg- ning, but that the word is the back- ordination. It should be practiced to
lected This is partly due to the ground and should be recognized by a rythmic count of 1 - 2 - 3 - dot, on
.

demand the parents make that the sight. The letters that make the the up strokes. If the writing does
child be able to write a sentence or a words should be practiced first by not look free, a few drills should be
letter to mother early in the term. count in order to develop rythmic given to develop sideward movement
Many writing supei-visors, on the movement and letter recognition. It of the arm. The forms should take on
other hand, require that position be would be difficult to develop the whole a free, easy appearance, but will by
the first step and are rigid in their word by rythmic count with free and no means be accurate.
views that it be exact. Meaningless easy movement, in-as-much as the
drills are given in excess to develop movements of the words are too com- This series of steps in developing
arm movement at the expense of plicated to be made by the pupils the word "in" has presented to the
thought expression. It is the pur- while possessing so little motor con- child a picture which suggested the
pose of this article to present a few and co-ordination. desired word, recognized at sight.
trol
of the most logical fundamentals of A collection of pictures suggesting The letters were introduced sepa-
developing this art in the first grade. words to be used are invaluable in the rately, developing the spelling of the
As the school curriculum demands beginning. For example, to develop a word as well as the mechanics of easy
that the pupils be able to write early simple word like "in", a large picture letter forms. Thus, we have devel-
in the IB grade, it is necessary to pre- showing a man standing in the door- oped thought, slight recognition, i. e.,
sent this subject at that time, even way his home greeting a friend
of reading, spelling and mechanics of
though it is too difficult for pupils of could be used. The class is asked, writing.
that age. Our problem, then, is to "What is the man in the doorway say- This plan .should tend to harmonize
adapt this writing to the age of the ing to the man who .iust arrived ?" the views of the various primary
pupils. It is generally conceded that The pupils will invariably answer' educators and will undoubtedly prove
large writing is best suited to begin- "Come in." The picture should an interesting and successful method
ners. While opinions differ as to how be placed on the blackboard and the of presenting the subject of handwrit-
much larger than adult writing this word "in' written under it. The pupils ing to beginners.
should be, it seems most reasonable
that the width of the ruling of the
paper be one inch. This will permit
the pupils to make the letter forms
rather freely by bringing into use
only the larger muscles. Tlie writing
arm should rest upon the desk and
should glide along while making the
larger strokes and the lateral move-
ments to the right.
While there are general rules for
position, care should be taken to
adapt these rules to the individual
pupil as there are physical differences
in children. It is best to precede
seat work by board work that
the pupils may be trained to respond
to directions and to acquire the proper
letter concepts and the movements bv
which these forms are made. This
will give a foundation on which to
build the seat work and will leave as
the teachers's biggest problem the
ta.sk of keeping the wrists and sides
of hands up from the desks. When
— : ———
; :

^ f^^^iiiiineU/iaia^iu^a^r' ^
CORRELATION OF MUSIC
19

AND HANDWRITING
Reflections of An Amateur Penman We hear a great deal these days
Bj JNO. O. PETERSON, about correlation. Here is a song on
Public Schools. Writing Posture written by Miss M.
Katherine Bell, of the Junior High
School, Zanesville, Ohio which was
It takes the same kind of brains to originated with the idea of correlating
write well as to read well- -out aloud When you find a dot over an "e" music and penmanship. This song is
Some people have so much original- look around for an "i" somewhere on to be sung to the tune of "Yankee
ity in their handwriting that they the same page; the dot probably be- Doodle." Try it in your penmanship
have to warm it up to read it. longs over this "i". classes and see how it works.
Loops were made to distingmsh You can make the moon moan with
certain letters- -not tojump through. an "a". Writing Posture.
Keep them short. Put some hooks at the top of your
"c's"; your reader may want to go
Tune: Yankee Doodle
Movement puts the move in writing We're boys and girls of Junior High,
- - you can tell what's "menf without fishing. Even if he doesn't, he may
it, but not so quickly. appreciate your thoughtfullness.
Who write in Room Eleven;
When your letters get too chummy, Our posture makes the teacher sigh.
Double-u stands for two "u's", not
for three "i's". pull them away from each other.
We sit at six and sevens.
It takes a certain number of sepa- Some writers don't know the differ-
and a por- Chorus :-
rate letters to compose our words. ence between a capital
Some of the letters don't stand for trait of a wooly ball of yarn.
You can read some people's writing, Sit up straight and do your best
any thing but you have to put them
Curl your fingers under;
in to spell correctly. sometimes, by asking them what it
Cultivate an easy glide,
The "e" has one more loop than the means.
.A.nd don't dare make a blunder.

Place your feet flat on the floor.


ANOTHER IMMORTAL To us who, with out-lolling tongue.
And cramping fingers, straining nerves.
And keep your arms in motion.
Within that ghostly temple's shade Round and round or push and pull
Whose walls of memories are made. Attacked his loops and lines and curves.
The i)edap:o}7ic Hall of Fame. — Ekilus, Let's all get in the motion.
I would inscribe another name
In bold, imperishable script. For the above lines we are indebted
to Mrs.
Arms and wrists must be just so;
With pen in ink of carmine dipped J. F. Fish, of the Northwestern Business Col-
His cogrnomen where all might look lege, Chicago, III. She clipped them from a Heads up too not drooping.
The man who made the copy-book. paper she had been reading to Mr. Fish. Shoulders down and chest out too,
Naturally we wonder who "Eolus" is. His
There is no chance for stooping.
Ye gods of old, how he could write! experience in learning to write must have been
Precise and prim and perfect, quite. similar to that of the average pupil of fifty
The letters marched across the page or sixty years ago. Pens just at the proper slant.
The youthful enemy to engage Great change taken place since then
'Mid many a scroll and curlicue in the styles of letter: and in the methods of
And try to write it plainer.
And wide-eyed, long tailed bird that fieM teaching handwriting, But we should honor Success to you will surely grant
In mad delight to lead the van the teachers of tho days for what they ac- Certificates from Zaner.
Of literate hosts. Spen comnlished. Undoubtedly they did best
they could to further the interests of hland-
And Spencer was a man of words writing and probably accomplished more for : When we obsei-ve these simple rules,
As well as deeds and ornate birds the cause than is being accomplished by :
Each day at Grover Cleveland,
'"Black sheep are found in every fold" ent-day teachers. That which we are
We'll far surpass the other schools
And "AH that glitters is not gold" teaching may in sixty years be modified
Such were the platitudes he flung more than theirs has been. Who haven't gained such Freedom.

the book, C. C. Ca of Penmanship.


20 r^^^^^udi'/t^^^^f^iua/^ ^

FAMOUS LETTERS
BY FAMOUS PENMEN
In this series we have some of the most skillful letters ever written

For many years Mr. Kclchncr has been recoiniizcd as one of An ca's finest penmen, a position he earned by much toil and a great Uro
for the art. All who know him personally arc loud in Iheir pra of him. He's a jolly good fellow you would enjoy meeting.
His addresa is:5002 WallinEford Ave., Seattle, Wash.
>/^i/^^i!^W«^^ ^ 21

practically unanimous in the us^ ot


this movement.
The Teaching of Writing As to writing should be
legibility,
plain aad easy to read. The disagree^
By J. A. SAVAGE, Supc ig, Omaha, Neb. ment among writing masters and au-^
thors of systems as regards certain
letter forms, is of minor importance
Why consider this subject at all ? the most difficult and the most skillful compared to real readability of the.-

Why devote time on an otherwise in- art which all are expected to acquire. finished product.
teresting program to so common a Small, swift accurate writing requires Speed, form, and movement are alll
subject as writing ? Why give place both time and perseverance to mas- the results of motion so directed and
to the discussion of penmanship which ter, and to learn to write well easily, repeated as to form habit. Focaliz-
some persons tell us, and a few pro- normally and rapidly requires both ing the attention upon the act desired
fess to believe to be no longer worth study and training. is the first step toward habit-forming-
while because of the extensive use of in writing as well as in other things^
It is the duty of the teacher of writ-
the typewi-iter, the multigraph, the It requires close scrutiny of the sizej.
ing to so direct her pupils that they
neostyle, and various other styles ? will get the right mental attitude to-
proportions, forms, slants, alignments,,
Even a prominent Chicago newspaper wards this subject. In order to do etc of the letters used as models, anct
,

carried an editorial three or four this she herself must believe in writ-
attention to the proper position anc}
years ago referring to handwriting as ing. She must know and be able to movement to produce these forms.
a lost and no longer useful art. demonstrate good writing and must Even after this attention is given, stilj
Inasmuch as we in the Omaha write a good hand herself. much more is required by way of
schools have been for many years giv- repetition until the habits are prop-,
The real test of good teaching is erly fixed.
ing considerable special attention to
found not in the penmanship class, The fact that there is so much poo^
the writing of our pupils, we were
J3ut in the quality of work produced writing in our American schools ia
much interested in this editorial and in the various other classes —
in spell- attributable, without doubt, to the fact;
did considerable investigating to test
ing, language, history, bookkeeping, that teachers of writing do not them-
its trutlifulness, and to learn some-
mathematics, etc. To use the expres- selves properly understand the sub-,
thing of present day demands for
sion of Prof. Driggs, we need to "cut
good writers in our own city. We out and connect up" more between
ject. Part of the blame can perhaps,
sent out about 12.5 questionnaires to be placed still more justly upon thosa
our various classes. We need to cut who
Omaha business and professional men, out all non-essentials and to connect
teachers are not writing instruc--
to which we received nearly one hun- tors, and who do not require of the
up or correlate the worth while things. pupils under their tuition that they
dred replies. Without a single excep-
The formal writing lesson is not an write well at all times. Whatever-
tion, these men say that good writers
end in itself, but is for the cultiva- good may come to the pupils through
are in as great demand now as ever
tion of correct habits in all written instruction in the writing class, can
in the history of business, regardless
work. Learning to write is accom- and often is much more than over-
of the extensive use of typewriting
plished not by merely making ovals come by the bad practices permitted
machines. They say that the style of
and push-pull drills, but by studying by other teachers in those elementary
handwriting in a letter of application
and practicing faithfully well ar- and high schools where the departs
nearly always has much to do with
ranged lessons which lead step by mental method of instnaction is usedi
the consideration given the applicant,
step to the development of easy, plain Unfortunately, some teachers who
and that clerks, bookkeepers, etc., fre-
forms that are rapid in execution. instruct in other branches, such a^
quently fail of advancement to better
positions because they do not write
Good writing can be acquired by any language, bookkeeping, shorthand, ac-
one who will observe, think and prac- counting, etc., have come into very-
well. Here are typical extracts from tice intelligently.
some of these replies, which give an little contact with business penman-.,
Correlation is one of the biggest ship when efficiently taught and da
idea of the business man's attitude to-
words, one of the most important not realize the benefit of their sub-
ward this subject:
things to be considered in teaching jects in requiring that all work be.
"We have refused to employ penmanship. It is absurd to expect
many young men and women prepared in their classes with proper-
pupils to learn to write well, if re- position, movement, and approved let^
whose handwriting was poor, for quired to sit correctly, use proper
fear that the same weakness ter forms. Those who know from ex^-
movement, and the correct letter perience, tell us that through improve-,
might develop in other lines." forms only during the few minutes of
"We require every applicant for ment in penmanship they are often
writing drill each day, and then be able to get better, more careful and'
a position in office to submit
our permitted to sit in cramped positions,
a letter of appl'cation in his own painstaking results in other branches.^
wiggle the fingers, and produce un- It certainly cannot be disputed that-:
handwriting. When the handwrit- tidy, poorly arranged, careless work
ing is Door, we invariably turn well written, well-arranged papers-,
during the several hours preparation are more easily corrected by the.
the application down " of other studies. In order to get de-
"We have refused, during the teacher than those that are poorly-
sired results, teachers must realize, prepared.
past year, to employ more appli- and must establish in the minds of
cants for positions because of their pupils, the fact that the formal A. W. Clark, in his hand book on,
their poor penmanship than for writing class is only for the purpose Publ'x School Penmanship, says;-
all other reasons combined." of showing how to write in their com-
"Most teachers understand less about
"We feel that the handwriting of positions and other written work. In the fundamental principles of chirog-,
our employees should be of high order to accomplish this, a relatively raphy than they do about any otheij-
grade, not only because of the high degree of legibility, ease, speed, study in the school curriculum."
records which they leave behind, Dr. Freeman in the introduction to
and freedom must be attained. These
but because of the impression his book, "The Teaching of Handwrit-i
requisitesshould be carefully diag-
created upon our customers when- ing", which was edited bv Dr Suz^
nosed and kept well balanced. Free-
ever they come in contact, in any zallo of the University of Washing-:
dom and ease depend upon the form
way with the writing produced in of movement employed, and the suc-
ton, has the following to say: "Tradi-
our office." cess of established habits. tion has dominated the teaching of
We offer this introduction, not as Relative to the movement to be handwriting as it has no other school
study. It has been the last of the so-
an excuse for this article itself, but used. Dr. Freeman of the University
called formal subjects to be influenced
for the purpose of emphasizing to of Chicago says: "The arm movement
teachers, the importance of the sub- with rest —
the so-called muscular bv the newer educational thought.
quite recently have ws
In every line of human endeavor, —
movement seems likely to become Not
really
until
had any important professiona^^
writing is one of the essential things practically universal in American
necessary to success. It is at once schools." Modern writing systems are (Continued on Page 24)
^ ^^J^uJ//i^M^<^^i^iu^i/^ ^
tive process has: frequent examina-
tion of the product, requirement that
Can We Teach Writing? the teacher deliver the standard out-
put. Insistence upon good hand-
ARTHUR G. SKEELES, Super of Writing. Columbus. Ohi.
writing in the penmanship class and
acceptance of careless paper work in
"You have probably noticed that keep the outline in mind, and see other classes is as reprehensible as it
the various ways in which we can help whether our work is properly divided is surprising.* * * The teacher is re-
among sponsible for good writing (of the
our pupils to learn to write may be the three heads.
pupils). * * * The principal is respon-
described under three heads. Sometimes one of these three fac- sible for the teachers; the district
"First, we may teach them the torsis stressed, and sometimes anoth-
superintendent for the principals; and
forms of the letters. er.The "copy-book method", so-called, so on through the line."
"Second, we may show them how to stressed the teaching of the forms.
Which of these three things is the
write, how to move the hand and arm, The copies were made as nearly per-
most important ? This question re-
how to sit, how to hold the pen or fect as the penman and the engraver
minds me of the (|uestion once asked
and so could make them. The pupil was
pencil, on. Andrew Carnegie, "Which is the most
taught to analyze the letters, and was
"Third, we may providesituations
asked to learn their exact slants and
important thing in industry; is it
which will call out their best efforts in Capital, or Labor, or Management?"
proportions. Often the paper for Mr. Carnegie is said to have replied,
writing, both in practice and in doing
practice was ruled with lines to show
written work." "Which is the most important leg of
the heights of the letters, and some-
The writer does not claim any orig- a three legged stool?"
times also with vertical lines to show
It seems to me that you cannot teach
inality for the first two items in the the space each should occupy.
above classification, which is quoted handwriting without helping the stu-
It is true that the authors of copy- dent in all three of tliese ways. Yet
from a bulletin which he sent to the books called attention to such matters it may be that some teachers are try-
Columbus teachers at the beginning of as penholding, position, and movement.
this year. The two elements in writ- ing to do it. Here is a teacher drilling
Payson, Dunton & Scribner said in away on "movement," with much em-
ing. Form and Movement, have been
their Manual of Penmanship (1873), phasis on position and penholding,
pointed out often before. In "Wrifford's
"The most superlative movement with- while his pupils have no clear mental
Writing Copies," published in 1810, out accurate and graceful form is ab-
the author says, "The art of writing picture of the letters they are trying
solutely worthless; while, on the other to make. Here is another teacher
is a species of drawing, consisting of
hand, real grace and finish can only teaching the forms of the letters, but
two parts, viz. Design and Execution. be secured by free and practiced move-
* * * To form a correct letter, i. e. not shownig his pupils how to write
ment". It was certainly true that most them. A third teacher is "checking
to shape it, you must have a plain,
pupils stud.ving by the copy-book up" on the writing of his pupils and
distinct view or idea of its foiTn and
method, whether they were children insisting that their writing shall reach
position. To execute it neatly, you
or adults, gave much more thought to a certain standard. But all successful
must begin and move the pen, so far the forms of the letters than to the
as it is carried, with an easy, unhesi- teachers have combined all three me-
movement. thods.
tating draw from the beginning to the
end." In contrast with this emphasis on Our pupils are likely to be well-
In "The Art of Writing," by John the forms of the letters, many present- rounded mentally, whether we are or
Jenkins, edition of 1813, the author day teachers of writing, emphasize not; and if we are to give them as
says: "Two things are absolutely movement and other elements of the much help as they need, and have a
necessary to be attended to, that any technique of writing. "Slant needs no right to expect from us, we must
one may soon become master of this special study, but will take care of it- teach all three phases of writing-
art. The first is to get a perfect idea self if the instructions have been Forms, Technique, and Interest.
of each principal stroke well impressed studied and heeded." "There is no
on the mind. The second is, to acquire value in any penmanship drill ever APPRECIATION AND
the right motion of the fingers, or invented unless it is practiced with COOPERATION
pressure of the pen, in order to draw correct positions of body, arms, fin-
I received my September number of
these strokes upon the paper." gers, penholders, paper, and with
The Business Educator last night and
Mr. C. P. Zaner wrote in the intro- exactly the risht movement, and at
really believe this is the best number
duction to Zanerian Script Alphabets, exactly the right rate of speed " But
that has come to my desk in many
publi-shed in 1902: "The two chief with these quotations, there should be
montlis. Here is wliat I like about it
given also the following from the
essentials of good penmanship are
form and movement.* * * The first same source: "Always, before begin- —
so well: The specimen of ornamental
penmanship by Canan, on page 13; the
essential in learning to write well is ning practise, the drill should be stud-
ornamental letter by Spencer on page
to stu<ly carefully and critically the ied in every little detail until the cor-
20; the ornamental letter on page 25
form to be made. * * * * The second rect picture is in your mind. Just
by Taylor; the signatures by penmen
essential in learning is to practice the how and where does the first line in a and teachers on page 2G and the speci-
form studied " letter begin; is it made with an up-
mens of Business Writing on pages
Is it true that all the activities of wrad or a downward stroke; how high 13 and 27 by Lupfer; pa-re Ifi by
is the letter; how wide is each part,
a teacher of writing fall under one or Swiertz; the lessons in business writ-
the other of these three heads ? how much running space does it oc- ing by Bailey and Mills; Mental
Think what a variety of things he copy; in what direction should the pen
Meanderings by Marshall; Laird's
does. He writes upon the blackboard, move in beginning, continuing and "High Spots", on page 18, and The
and on the pupil's paper; he gives completing the letter, and at what rate News Notes. All in all this is a
directions for position, for penholding, of speed should the letter or word be
miirhty good number.
and for movement; he points out the written? * * * Study and practise
must go hand in hand, if good results
Expect my renewal and a few more
characteristics of good letters, and the sub.scriptions from me in a few weeks.
mistakes the pupil makes. He exhorts, are to be the outcome."
he entreats, he commands, perhaps he One way of "providing situations J. A. ELSTON.
Sharon, Pa.
scolds. He gives illustrations and which will call out their best efforts
tells stories. He arranges for exhib- in writing" is suggested in "Annual
its, contests, and prizes. Sometimes Report of The Superintendent of Mr. Edward F. Kane, a rec?nt irrad-
he punishes those who do not do well. Schools," Chicago, dated June 30, uate of the Training Course of the
Can we arrange these things
all 1924, where Dr. McAndrew says, "No State Normal School at Salem, Mass.,
under these three heads? I think we elaborate investigation as to why pen- is the new head of the Commercial
can. And it may be helpful to us as manship is not better is needed.* * * Department in the Orange, Mass.,
teachers and supervisors if we will What is needed is what any produc- High School.
:

Chart V

Department of Research in Handwriting

(Continaed from October)

QUALITY ON AYRES HANDWRITING SCALE


Chart V. Per cent of the judges who considered the different qualities of handwriting in-
adequate for social correspondence.
Reasonable and Adequate Standard of Quality of Handwriting for Social Correspondence
In the light of the preceding judgments, and the fact that \%.^(/r of the writers of the speci-
mens of social correspondence wrote at quality 60 and above, it would seem that this standard
would be reasonable and adequate and sutTiciently high to preclude the possibility of failure on
the part of those who did not quite reach it. Therefore, it is recommended that quality 60 on
the Ayres Measuring Scale for Handwriting (Gettysburg Edition) be set as the finishing stand-
ard for general education to be attained by the pupils in our schools by the end of the 6-B
term. 3Ir. Henry W. Dearborn of East
Survey of the Quality of Handwriting Necessary for Vocations.
We collected 2,000 specimens of vocational handv.Titing from the employees of the 21 large
Lynn, Mass., is a new commercial
concerns shown in Table IV. teacher in the Moran Business School^
TABLE IV Kingston, N. Y.
Which the 2.000 Specimens of Vocational Handwriting Were Secured.
1. Elementary Schools of Philadelph: nting Co. Miss Rose Magadini, a recent grad-
2. High Schools of Philadelphia Philadelphia Savings Fund Society uate of Bay Path Institute, Spring-
3. University of Pennsylvania T. Milliken Commission Co.
4. Temple University O. K. Addressing Co. field, Mass., is now a commercial
5. L. Dannenbaum Sons & Co. Fidelity Mutual Life Insurance Co. teacher in the Warren, Mass., High
6. Gimbel Brothers H. K. Mulford Co. School.
7. Sears, Roebuck & Co. John C. Winston Co.
8. American Railways Express Co. Curtis Publishing Co. Mr. Frank H. Ash, a graduate of
9. Pennsylvania Railroad System U. S. Postoffice at Philadelphia. the 1925 class of the State Normal
10. Bell Telephone Co. Atlantic Refining Qo.
11. Western Union Telegraph Co. School at Salem, Mass., is now teach-
The specimens were headed and prepared in accordance ith the following plan ing in the High School at Dalton,
Handwriting Survey Mass.
of Fi
Sex VV""V"/r///ZV/.y.V.V.V.V. Z^^^^^^^
^^^ ^' J* Auble, for several years
1' ".'.
Occupation fi^y'ZZ"!3Z!!!ZZZ!ZZZ"'!Z'".Z''l..^^^^
(cla "...1Z.1^ with the Minnesota School of Busi-
Please write the following in your usual handwriting: ness, Minneapolis, is a new commer-
Fourscore and seven years ago our fathers brought forth upon th
conceived in liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men ar
cial teacher with the High School at
Begin here: Chisholm, Minn,
Our judges rated each specimen on the Ayres Measuring Scale for Handwriting (Gettysburg Miss Katherine Bott, formerly with
Edition), in steps of 5. Each sample, therefore. was scored twenty different times. The aver-
age score was listed on each specimen and the oc upation and general averages were determined the Bryant & Stratton School at Prov-
and tabulated. idence, is now teaching commercial
TABLE V work in the Central Falls, R. I. High
(Same as list of occupations shown in Table VI.)
Distribution by Occupations of the Writers of the 2.000 Specimens of Vocational Handwriting.
School.
Table V shows that the list of vocations surveyed is quite extensive 52 in all being repre- — Miss Earlys Haahr, a recent grad-
sented. The eitle of the vocation is self-explanatory in nearly all cases. The messenger group
telegraph boys. Both sexes are included. uate of the Iowa State Teachers
:Iudes inside messengers as \
the inside messengers are kno' vn as routing aides. The hand addressers were employed by a College,is now teaching commercial
publishing house, a large mail order house and a regular addressing company which did both work in the High School at Bussey»
hand and machine addressing, Group 21. machine operators, had very little writing to do. The Iowa.
writing of Group 25, calculati ng machine oi)erators. consisted largely of figure making and
extensions.
of

Scores on Ayres Measuring Scale for Handwriting


Number of Average
Occupations 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 8 Specimens Quality
Messengers 35 55.2
Mail clerks - - 16 53.7
File clerks ...„ 49 56.2
Receiving clerks 14 52.9
Stock clerks 37 49.1
Shipping clerks 42 44.4
Order clerks 18 51.9
Billing clerks 31 56.1
Cashiers 72 56.1
Timekeepers and payroll clerks. 10 56.7
General clerks 4 26 24 36 34 33 27 219 55.6
Ledger clerks „ 16 54.8
Pricing clerks 12 51.2
Typists 26 56.0
Retail sales clerks 58 47.3
Hand addressers 28 56.8
Bills payable clerks 3 61.1
Tabulation clerks 7 62
Mdse. records clerks - 39 56.2
Statistical clerks 10 60.8
Machine operators 65 55.3
Credit clerks 15 57.4
Cost clerks - 8 54.4
Audit clerks 7 15 18 25 132 55.2
Calculating machine operators... 21 58.7
Mechanical bookkeeping clerks. 2 47.1
Bookkeepers 58 57.7
Accountants _ „ 27 51.8
Claims clerks 9 60.9
Tracer clerks 16 61.2
Discrepancy clerks 17 52.1
Prorate clerks „ „ ,
42 56.1
Waybill route clerks 5 50.4
Abstract clerks 9 50.7
Subscription clerks 110 61.3
Editorial assistants 4 45.3
Advertising
Stenographers 2 10 9 II 17
(Continuedon Page 32)
^^J^uJ/n^U^{^4/iu:a^h- ^
left once or twice while writing across
the line As each line is finished, the
Public School Handwriting paper should be pushed to the right
and upward on the desk by the left
(A Comprehensive Bird's-eye View of Handwriting by a Normal School Teacher.) hand. The angle of the paper should
By E. F. EDEL, Northern Illinoin State Teachers' College, DeKalb, III.
be about thirty degrees to the desk
line. This will have to be demon-
strated by the teacher. It is best to
keep the writing directly in front of
(Continued from November) able manuals for teachers of hand- the eyes. From this work on position
Left-Handedness writing. it will be easy to see the way writing
Writing- i.s a right handed art. The Faust Method Manuals —• C. A. is done. Only after the proper atti-
lighting of the room, the placing of Faust, Chicago, 111 tude is assumed, can the writing itself
the ink wells and the arrangement.? How Teach Handwriting Free-
to — be taken up. The class must first
in general are planned for the right man and Dougherty Houghton Mif- — show the good posture required and
hand. Therefore, great care .should flin Co., Chicago, 111. be able to give the reason for it. It
be exercised in the first or second Penmanship Teaching and Supervi- must be understood that perfect pos-
grades, preferably the first, to make sion — Leta S. Niles —Jessie Ray Mil- ture is to be required in all written
sura that the child is using the hand ler, 3474 University Ave., Los An- work.
best adapted for this work. A mo- geles, Cal. (To Be Continued)
ment's reflection will reveal the fact Zaner
96—
Method Manuals — No. 144
that most of the apparatus of our and No.
Rural School Manuals,
THE TEACHING OF WRITING
•civilization is adapted to the conven-
ience of the right-handed person and Black Board Manuals, (Continued from Page 21)
this handicaps a left-handed person to Grade School Manuals and Com- publications upon the subject. The re-
a very marked degree. pendiums. sult has bsen a tardy development of
When a child enters the first grade Perception Strips, etc., economical and efficient metlrods of
the teacher should study his case by — Zaner & Bloser Co., Columbus, O. teaching children to write. They (the
having him trace ovals, squares, cut Monthly publications are: teachers) have given far less energy
with scissors, draw, throw a ball, etc., American Penman, 55 Fifth Ave., to the solution of the disputes rela-
with each hand, to determine his New York. tive to presenting penmanship prop-
handedness. Then she should consult Business Educator Columbus, 0. — erly, than they have to similar ones
in reading, spelling, and arithmetic.
the parents to find out whether an in- Position
jury at any time previous had caused Position is important because it is This attitude is a little difficult to
him to use his left hand for any length essential to good writing and to the explain, particularly when it is under-
of time. If upon making this investi- health of the child The writer should stood that bad penmanship, like poor
gation she finds that the child is am- face the desk squarely, the seat should spelling, constitutes one of the
bidextrous she should advise that he be so adjusted that his feet may rest readiest means of attacking the ef-
change to the right hand. But upon flat on the floor. The dssk should be ficiency of teachers."
finding him decidedly left-handed she of such a height, that when the child Mary E. Thompson, in her "Psy-
should allow him to continue with his is sitting erect and arms resting on
chology and Pedagogy of Writing,"
left hand, and be sure to give him ex- the desk, the elbows will be two or also voices the same idea, as do vari-
tra help in regard to the position of three inches from the body. The body ous other prominent educators, re-
the hand and papej-. The paper should supports itself and must not lean up- gardin gthe lack of preparation on the
tilt thirty degrees to the right rather on the arms. The eyes should be at part of most teachers when it comes
than to the left. This will place the least twelve inches from the paper in to presenting this subject to the boys
paper in such a position that the left order to consei-ve vision. The forearm and girls our schools.
in
hand will move along the line of writ- should rest lightly on the cushion-like The writing period has, to thou-
ing freely and easily. The down muscles and the elbows may extend sands otherwise good teachers,
of
strokes must be made toward the left about an inch beyond the edge of the meant in years past, a period of rest.
corner of the desk which will give the desk. Tlie children were permitted to follow
same slant as required of the right The correct position of the hand is their own inclinations in trying to
hand. very essential and should be studied imitate the mechanically perfect
Text Books carefully. The two points of contact copies in the old Spencerian or Ver-
A good text is as necessary in are the muscles of the forearm and tical copybooks, while the wielder of
teaching penmanship as in any other the nails of the third and fourth the proverbial hickory stick, or more
subject. It is as essential that the finger, the wrist being raised to give common, Cottonwood sprout, in our
pupil study the instructions in his the arm a free gliding motion. All western sod school house, sat at her
writing book, as it is that he practice fingers are curved and joined in such desk and graded papers or made out
the copies. The blackboard copy when a position that the index finger is on her monthly reports. She had little
viewed from dilTerent angles, as it top of the penholder, about an inch conception of what is necessary to
must be from the class, is distorted. from the point, in line with the eyelet produce good writing and cared even
Even thougli the light comes from the in the pen, the second finger touches less. She, lierself, was a poor writer
left side and rear of the room, there the penholder near the root of the and had no knowledge of the general
are places where the blackboard copy nail, and the thumb is slightly bent principles of the psychology, phy-
will appear blurred and indistinct. so that the tip of the thumb is op- siology, hygiene, and technioue of
This effect may be overcome by giv- posite the first joint of the index writing and considered the subject of
ing the pupils individual copies for finger. The penholder should cross at minor importance.
close imitation of size, form, and the knuckle and point over the right Unlike this old-time teacher, the
slant. A possession of a text seems shoulder, with both nibs of the pen instructor today who gets desired re-
natural to the pupil and creates a bet- s(|uarely on the paper in order to in- sults in penmanship is one equipped
ter attitude on his part toward the sure a good line. The pen should be with a good handwriting instead of a
subject. It is very important that the dipped into the ink until eyelet is full, switch and who has a knowledge of
teacher study the whole text very then removed slowly to give super- just how to put across the essentials
carefully. In doing this she fixes in fluous ink time to run ort", to avoid necessary to producing good writers.
her mind the fundamental principles making blots. She plans her work and works her
necessary to outline the pupil's work The paper should be plac->d slightly plan She, like the successful farmer,
from day to day. Such study also to the right of the middle of the desk. contractor, merchant, and artisan,
helps her to set up definite objectives The lower leftcorner should point to considers carefully the thing to be ac-
in each lesson and to develop right the center of the body. The paper complished and lays out her work
habits from the beginning. should be held by the left hand above carefully to that end. In short, .she
Below are listed some verv desir- the line of writing and pulled to the (Continued on Page 25)
M^^U^U^^(^^/iUYl/^ ^
MENTAL MEANDERINGS that to get the will started. There THE TEACHING OF WRITING
(Continued from Page 17) was once a handsome young senator
in a western state, who had saddled
(Continued from Page 24)
mountains of California with a trained himself with a certain disagreeable sees the end from the beginning and
forester, who was also an artist. He personal habit. One day when he was is by her experience, a constant proof
taught me to see the differing and sitting in the Senate Chamber in all of the idea that adequate forethought
incomparable grace of the various his handsome dignity, he obsei'ved up is abundantly fruitful in teaching. She
forest trees, and the ten or a dozen in the visitors' gallery, a bright young is active every minute of the writing
kinds of exquisite color tints to be lady friend with whom he was on period, here, there, and everywhere
seen in every landscape. The training familiar terms. They exchanged about the room, helping, criticising,
has been a source of delight to me ever smiles. Presently the young lady encouraging, showing how, counting,
.since. Had I missed this man, I extracted from her hand-bag a piece Fingering up every individual. She is
should have gone through life blind to of tinted note-paper, scribbled a few ever on the alert to apply new
a thousand unperceived beauties. lines upon it, and summoned a page, schemes and suggestions for overcom-
Much the most important corner of by whom the billet doux was delivered ing errors and wrong tendencies. She
tlie "Mental Gym" is that resei-ved to the young senator. "When he is pleasant at all times and injects
for the training of the Will. This is opened it, this is what he read: "Stop enough joy into her teaching to keep
for the reason that the will next to picking your nose!" Years later, I everybody good-natured and both
conscience, is the hardest to train, of observed that same young statesman willing and anxious to do the work
all the mental functions. Also, it is for an hour or so, as he occupied his as directed. She criticises freely at
the most fundamentally important seat in the United States Senate. He the black-board, not only telling but
function. One might have supreme did not pick his nose once. showing the pupils how to improve.
power in all the other mental powers, Yes, there is hardly any field of She realizes fully that "An ounce of
but with a weak and uncontrolled action or non-action, in which we may showing is worth a pound of telling."
will, he is as helpless mentally, as he not train the will, provided we are She has and uses devices to help keep
wiiuld be physically, with a broken persistent,—- and "WANT TO, — don't up interest, but is always careful not
back. There are two phases to the forget that; you must want to. The to carry them so far as to defeat their
will: 1. The will to do right things; process is obvious, though not always own purpose, realizing always that
2. Tlie will to refrain from doing easy,— just practice, — that is all. they are only a means to the desired
wrong things. Both may be system- Try doing a few disagreeable things end. She exhibits the work of her
atically trained and developed, just to see if you can, — for instance, good writers and specimens of those
although a great many people seem going to church with your wife or showing great improvement. She
not to know it. People know that the motlier, on Sunday morning, instead makes use of handwriting scales and
perceptions, the reason, the memory of making some excuse, and lolling directs her pupils in their use until
and even the conscience can be edu- away the time with the funny page of they form the habit of comparing
cated, but very seldom do you hear the "Sunday Yellow." Try drinking specimens frequently to note advance-
anybody talk about educating the will. water for a week instead of coffee, ment. She, above all, sees to it that
Yet there is plenty of proof that it or, harder still, cut out cigars for a the things taught in the formal writ-
can be done, and you can hear the week or so, just to see if you have ing classes are carried into and ap-
testimony if you will attend an the grit to do it. Most of us eat too plied to all writing done in other
"experience meeting" at any of the much, just because we are too self- work. She realizes, however, that
churches. Tlie earnest speakers will indulgent to quit when we have learning to write cannot be accom-
tell you how persistently they strug- enough. A few years ago, the doctor plished in a day but that it can be
gled to keep in the right path, and warneil me that my stomach was taught successfully if presented grad-
Tiow often they backslided, but how crowding the rest of my anatomy off ually in a connective, systematic man-
they finally won the victory. They the map. If it was not brought under ner.
call the initial stimulus of the effort, discipline, my heart would be likely
I wish to say that a scratchy scrawl
"conversion" and give the credit to to go on strige. "Well, I cut down my
that is hard to decipher, instead of
•God, which is all right. God helps daily rations from 2400 calories to
being a mark of genius as a few who
men whenever they set out to do any 1400, and reduced my weight thirty-
write it would have us believe, is more
good thing, whether they began at the five pounds in three months. It was
likely a mark of excentricity, selfish-
"mourner's bench or the hay field or the hardest job I ever tackled. For ness, and disregard for the nerves and
the desk. The important thing is the first week or two, I never got up
time of those whose msfortune it is
to get started and keep it up IThe from a meal without feeling hungry to have to read it; or it may be a
will is trained, like any other facultv, enough to eat everything on the table. monument to the fact that the learn-
"by PRACTICE IN EXERCISING IT. I should not have won out had I not
ing was defective, thoughtless and
You can begin by practicing on small promised myself, — cross- my-heart-
mechanical or that the writer is nat-
things. Suppose you are prone to lie —
and-hope-I-may-die that I wouldn't
urally slovenly and careless.
in bed too late, as many of us are. give up. The victory probably ac-
Set the alarm clock at five, and make counts for the fact that today, I am It is up to us teachers to so pre-
a bet with yourself that you will jump not in the cemetery. Flabby, knock- sent and encourage the teaching of
out the second you hear it go off, and kneeded, undisciplined wills, land this important subject that grade and
then DO IT. Like many otherwise more people in jail and bring about high school pupils will learn to write
good people, you are in the habit of the erection of more tombstones than automatically a commendable style,
swearing. See if you can go for a all other causes combined. You are such as business men demand It is
whole week without saying one cuss- the operator of this bodily and mental our duty to so fix good writing as a
word. If you fail, try it the next machine of yours, the same as a habit that it will suffer little change
week. If you win, see if you can chauffeur at the wheel or an engineer when they leave us and face the great
"make a clean record for a month. I in the cab Unless you keep control, "University of Hard Knocks". Let us
"had had the habit for thirty years, of you are due for a wreck, and to keep not be negligent in our duty to con-
"biting my
nails. Once or twice, in a control, you must have a trained will, tribut our share as instructors in writ-
"half-hearted way, I had tried to break and keep in it in working order. ing to the success of those boys and
this habit and failed One day, I read Think it over, voung people. girls who are enti'usted to our care.
in a newspaper that no confirmed
nail-biter had ever succeeded in curing
"himself, excent by having both ai-ms
amputated. That put me on mv mstal.
a^e^^.
I said I would prove that I could break
that fool habit without going on the
operating table. I won out, but it
took me around two months to do it.
It often takes some kind of a jar like

^ f^^f^u^'/t^ii^^'^;^iu:a/h^ ^
Signatures of Penmen and Teachers of Penmanship
Send your signature written in black ink. or better, a cut of your signature for this page, which will contain plain and fancy signa-
tures of men and women who are devoting their time and efforts to better penmanship.

Supervisor of Writing. Norwood, O. Pittsburgh. Pa.

Assistant Supervisor of Writing.


Cincinnati, O.

Cleveland, Ohio. Uochlaiid, Me

(^C3^^^ ^^-z^^ ''Z^'/Lcvrt^


^^
/O.'^^i^^-^'-yT'-L.iX^^fn.^
-r- Pittsburgh. Pa.
-r-
'

^ ^i^t^uJ//i^d^(£''i(/iu^i^r' ^ 27

BE A MASTER OF YOUR CRAFT!


THE ONE WAY TO SUCCESS.
By FRANCIS LEON TOWER
SOI Pleasant Street,Hammonton, New Jersey
.?.•
Persons who really desire to become
skilled in business writing, in order
that they may meet successfully the
present demands of the great business BOlirmiuHuriilHii.l .
world, and others who wish to acquire
an artistic and professionally skillful atliiniirBrDrriiriini ur
handwriting, should be taught, encour-
aged, and inspired to the attainment ,
Bimr omrr Orrkrt
of their purpose only by able penmen,
penmen who have been fitted by tech- lir.rf |16. 'Jhc loiu) imJ wciirv ic^isliitivs strmiqlc for a
'Jc-sful siiliirv liicrciisc liii>:. or lust, hccii siiccosshillv
nichal traininng and long experience
assume competent direction; other- coucliuVb n> ri>i: liifmiti; relict" oP tlircc lniii>irc> fifty
to
^10us^lll^ fosrul ciiiflirvcs Wicir Kniiiltcs ull^
wise the student of penmanship may
piirii.'itt~ llll^

find himself stranded upon the rocks (.til >.e !i< 71S. Tue l>( ) 1 ).( )u.7i D :e 1

of non-success.
The student who may not have been
endowed with exceptional talents, and f ^vr^vuic.^fcmi5vivonut. Ooiuircssiiuin. Wis niroiujtn ni* aric-
from whom circumstances or environ- Jimaoiiiciil: skilihil kiiovlii^^c. >1l<^ ^lillil1n^ strittiyv. Iicroi-
ment has withheld the high ideals that Iv cKiinirioiio^ our i"iini^. ^^n^' Ico oitr H^hl" n-)rvMuUT tiic
should come with the acquirement of ni'ioii^ pitfalls of toiijrciis. T\'liicK rcsiilt«5i in tiic russtyo of
a satisfactory education and lead to sc'ifiill 1H44. tlio iiuw tvon 60 viralW intcrcstcb in: iiii^
success, may fail to comprehend the
serious situation with which he may lirrruB. iTTr,,, .,, ii lotli^, iius^vcTvity lis fn'oi.y*l-,if.

be confronted. He may then 'thank l^ loviiln' ro iv r anise. stmincW^ r^jiisriiia itii pros
r. fro.,, t^c „„ iiv conflicriiuj intarcsts scchiiiq to s^wtv
his lucky stars' if he was so fortunate
is cliartco coitrsi l->c Ivis siiccosstiillv coiiihiX;^ Nis loiia
as to have received the requisite train-
ftT,iiMk ji'miii tlic measure of justice ^vc
ing in the theory and practice of pen-
N:'}>; tl-,crcfl>rc tc
manship which enabled him to 'start
right' and, under skillful guidance to ^rSOlurCl.iiuIt- (Tliir.iiu'X"'^'-'' XaLXitrUmal Frft-
a worthy and useful career, 'make rrnfion nf UitsjuOlTiir U-lnUe. i,,rcjnlor n,oct;
good' before it was too late to avoid "{'^'"'J) iiss^niHc^ ^Hari-li S.t!>l.'\ io l;orol'V oitcii^ to tlvi
the errors and discouragements which '*
^lliitminililrllKnuTtrlirlli'. oi.r l(curtfol^ AimAxs c„i>
are the certain result of careless and Xcp appiciiJtioii of- IVis sp1cn>i> fi^ioiiV<l,ip al,^ for liit^ M<l
unscientific instruction.
We may then congratulate our-
selves that penmen are under no un-
^
J !lrDUllt^^.
ckM.,pio„sl,V >>"^ K- i^ h.,-tlKr
^ib.ir \w sh.ill .,lw.,vs llol^ n wam, s^wr in ^\^^i.

hc.iits of tlic postal workoo- of -tmcria, ^^1I^ inav ti)e


certain guidance, that we have well \S^
xr of liis 11.1,1,0 cvo,- ^row k,U)kto,- ai,^ ti-ie ^ur oP
established authorities on penman-
ship; those great artist penmen who
^i liiiii ro qrciitcn l>ciL<lits ot >jlorv. 'bo it" fiunic,-'
"^ "Snlurh. liTiut to si.itwUv cn-
have passed to their reward, but ., copv .-f rlios* iosol,it,oi,s
whose painstaking accuracy and su- >iossc"i> on> presented ^iiinnralilr ^ILkLlubi-lSrllM.
to Hio
perb technique we may emulate, and ..: s a ^opv sciir to tlio "Union "-?osn,lClcrk_fory»iW,aitioiv, uns
whose lives constitute lessons of devo- u conv sr,v.ii, o„ tlic iniinitcs of rliis n,«criiiut.
tion to art that are for us a valuable
3^csohirioiis (loimnift«
heritage. I refer to the great masters Strf Cj>\i^v^
of penmanship: the late beloved
Spencer, Zaner, Madarasz, Taylor, Jt^ f/is4«^«v.^
r. I ^7~Xj^c4istiittrv Ifoinniittee
Flickinger, Dennis, and a score of
others whose artistic productions have
received the highest commendation.
Yet there are among the living
those whose talents are manifested
in the beautiful and practical appli-
By C. L. Cook, Ha Studio, Chicago.
cation of the penman's art which
are exhibited from time to time in the Mr. Raymond Cradit of Tarkio, Mo., THE NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL AS-
SOCIATION at Washingrton. D. C, appointed
penmanship magazines and in more has been engaged to teach in the Sec- the following
committee to study the objec-
general educational periodicals for the retarial Science Department of the tives handwriting for the committee on
in
Curriculum Revision: Miss Lena A. Shaw, Su-
benefit of readei's who have an appre- University of Florida. per\-isor of Writing. Detroit Public Schools.
ciation of the beautiful, and who can Miss Sarah Gersten of Hartford, Chairman : Dr. Frank N. Freeman. Universi-
understand its significance and suc- Conn., is a new commercial teacher in ty of Chicago Mr. Arthur G. Skeeles. Super-
;

visor of Writing. Public Schools. Columbus,


cess— compelling qualities in the com- the Washington, D. C, School of Sec- O. Miss Frances R. Dowll. Supervisor of Writ-
:

mercial world. Men like Bloser. Howe, retaries. ing. Public Schools, Denver. Colo. Miss Ellen ;

Mills, Lupfer, Baird, Doner, Tamblyn, C. Nystrem. Supen.-isor of Writing, Public


Miss Dorothy Ketcham is a new Schools. Minneapolis. Minn. Mr. H. C. Walker.
Costello, Martin, and numerous other :

commercial teacher in the Detroit Supervisor of Writing, St. Louis. Public


teachers and engrossers are gracing Schools Mr. Harry Houston. Supervisor of
High School of Commerce. ;

the profession with work of the high- Writing. Public Schools. New Haven, Conn. ;

est grade. Those who will take ad- Miss Dorothy Goodwin, for several Miss Alice E. Benbow. Supervisor of Writing.
years commercial teacher in the St. Public Schools. Trenton. N. J., and Mr. Fred
s^antage of the principles demonstrated C. Ayer. Director Research. Public Schools,
and the lessons taught by these tal- Peter, Minn., High School, is this year Seattle. Wash.
ented and thoroughly trained artists, teaching at Orlando, Florida. We
are indeed glad to see the Association
take this step. It will, no doubt, prove of ad-
will find in their instruction 'acres Miss Susan Norwood of Milnor, N. vantage to the subject of penmanship in the
of diamonds' and will themselves be D., is a new commercial teacher in the public schools.
put upon the sure road to success as Senior High School at Cocoanut Samples of stationery have been received
students, engrossers, and teachers. Grove, Florida. from the Art Stationery Company. 1.530 Taft
Rd., Cincinnati, O. This company is making
'A word to the wise' — whom we Miss Meriam Tate of Bowerston, a specialty of correspondence paper upon
know as those long-headed people Ohio, has been elected to teach com- which they print the customer's name and ad-
who are satisified with nothing short dress in a neat, attractive way, and which
mercial work in the Portsmouth, Va., should appeal to penmen and commercial
of the best— is sufficient. High School. teachers.
28 ^ ^^J^u^'/i^U^^^/iU^i^h^ ^
LESSONS IN BUSINESS PENMANSHIP
'
(Continued from Page 9)
Copy Small k. Here is another odd-looking letter. It is somewhat hard to make too. Observe it closely.
12.
The first part is an 1. The second part is h with a sort of pent-house above it. See the first of the three combined
"k's". If you will always remember that it is an h with a pent-house, you won't go wrong in making it.

Copy
13. Small f. The f is an extremely difficult letter, owing to its excessive height. The upper loop is
like the lower loop like that in q. On account of the similar oval (left) movement in the two loops there is a
1,

great tendency to make the down stroke too curved. Check the movement slightly approaching the base line, and
keep the back of the letter as straight as possible. Concentrate your mind and muscles on this letter. It cannot
be made well, if you do it carelessly. Do not draw the letters. Strike out boldly, and be sure you use a good
swing.
You cannot learn to write well in a day or a week. Intelligent, critical practice is the only high-road to suc-
cess in penmanship. Observe, analyze, and work, work, work.

^-/, ^—-jC^'^jC^ — --^>cZ'^-^-^'Z..-'^..^.---^^C^^e^^

YOUR SCHOOL
This is your .school, and you will get
out of your school work just what you
put into it. If you put good, hard
work, thoroughness, and a sincere
purpose into your daily tasks, you'll
be rewarded for such effort. One
usually gets about as much as he

gives no more. You know what I
mean. If you give a little you get a.
little in return; but if you give much
you receive more abundantly.
• I like to meditate upon the thought

III! mil 11^"^ that God made you and me a three-



story being mind, soul and body. If

lU^UJUiii one lives for the body only he is little


better than a king living in the base-
ment of a palace. Mind is the second
story and soul the top story. Fling-
out your soul to catch the light all il-
lumined with God's personality, thus
enriching the thought of each individ-
ual act. Let us remember that we
live for the great causes that need
assistance, for the future in the dis-
tance, and the good that we can do.
If one has a \ision, that makes the
task of today easier to perform.
Some one has said that the three
fundamental things in life are sim-
plicity, sincerity and thoroughness.
Let these be your aims now and for
future years. They bring to one's life
the most durable and solid satisfac-
tions. The craving for something new
in life is of course a worthy object,
but I wonder if you have ever stopped
to think that there is nothing new in
the Ten Commandments or the Golden
Rule? Of course they need to be
reiterated and restated. But they
have never changed, and they always
have the same fundamental, human
truths in them. Why not try to make
the fundamental truths of life more
endurable and solid during the com-
ing school year. Your school and my
school, let us try to make them the
best schools, not only in numbers but
in thoroughness and quality of work
faithfully performed.
An llluminiited Christmas GrcclinK from E. H. Mclihcc. Trenton. N. J. C. E. Doner.
^ ,^J^uJ/n^U^<ui^iu:a/f7- 2d

DESIGNING &
ENGROSSING
E. L. BROWN
Rock Island, Me.
Send self-addressed postal (or critii n, and
stamps for return of specime

These lessons are in no sense of the


word, a comprehensive treatise on pen
drawing, but on the other hand are
intended to present some
Pen helpful hints to students
Drawing striving for proficiency in
this phase of artistic
endeavor It matters not whether you
are working in black and white, values
and color propoi-tions must be correct.
Styles of pen technique are governed
to a large extent by the artistic sense
and feeling of the person, but certain
fundamental principals are always
obsei-ved.
Never use chemical inks for draw-
ing. A simple outfit may consist of
a drawing board, thumb tacks, coarse
and fine pens, India ink, and bristol
board. Forall kinds of lettering,
flourishing, pen drawing, etc., you will
find the Zanerian Carbon ink highly
satisfactory.
The circle contains eight planes of
varying tints obtained by shoi-t broken
lines of various thickness and spacing.
Try this exercise, aiming for proper
gradation of tone values, beginning
with the lightest tone, adding more
pressure to the pen for the second,
third, fourth and fifth tones. Broad
pointed pens may be used on the
remaining spaces where the depth of
tone is obtained by using heavy lines
closely spaced. When finished, view
at a distance of five or six feet to see
if your tonal values are free from
spots and properly graduated. Re-
peat this exercise until it is satis-
factory in every respect.
The second diagram shows some
pleasing eff'ects obtained by thin and
thick broken lines. The middle planes
show an effect of vibi"ation and atmos-
phere by the use of diagonal lines.
The drawing of fruit and leaves at
bottom shows an application of the
principles of line technique of the two
diagrams. First make a pencil sketch
giving form and proportions careful
attention, and also suggest color
values. Use a fine pen in treating

color values of fruit cui-ve the lines
in —
modeling fruit, work from dark
to light varying the thickness and
spacing of the lines. Lines of various
directions will produce a vibratory
effect the background which is
in
rather pleasing. Spots of solid black
here and there will "snap" up your
drawing and add also to its strength
and character.
Let us see the results of your
elTorts.

Mr. Charles O. Heath of Worcester,


Mass., is a new commercial teacher Send tlie Business Educator to your fr nds for Christn njoy it and think of youa
in thePennsvlvania State Colleere. eacli month.
Mr. F. V. Pultz of Guilford College,
SPECIAL CHRISTMAS RATE— 3 sub $2.25 to U. S. Canada 10c extra for each sub-
N. C, is now teaching commercial
scription.
work in the Straver Business College,
Washington, D. C.
30 ^ ,^MJ^uJ//t^^^^/iu^i/^
CALLING CARDS WRITTEN BY
F. W. Gates of the London Ontario
Technical High School must have a OLIVER P. MARKEN,
very enthusiastic penmanship class for 1816 Buchanan St. TOPEKA, KANSAS.
we have received a club of 119 sub- Ornamental 25c a dozen
scriptions and another of 82. We will Script 35c a doxen
be surprised if some of Mr. Oates'
or one dozen of each style mixed
pupils do not have some of their pen- 30c a dozen.
manship published in the Students'
Page.
CA Calline Cards, Handwritten. Name only.
"" SI. 00. Hundreds of satisfied customers.
A
letter received from Mr. E. H.
G. W. REEF, Penman,
McGhee states that he is doing fine in 139 S. Cleveland Ave.. Canton, Ohio.
the engrossing business and is thor-
oughlv enjoving the work. Up until
a short time ago, Mr. McGhee taught
CHRISTMAS CARDS
penmanship in a High School and did 3 large ones, bird flourished, illuminated in
colors and gold, with name, 25c. 12 assorted
engrossing as a side line. The en- designs of small enclosure cards with name,
grossing business developed to such ornate style. 25c.
an extent that he found it advisable Miss Adelaide T. Snow, Teacher of All kinds of blank cards and supplies, for

to devote his entire time to engrossing. Card writers and Penmen. Samples. 10c.
Writing and Bookkeeping, Riverside
F. N. LAWRENCE. Portland, Indiana.
Mr. McGhee is turning out some very High School. Milwaukee, Wis.
fine engrossing and some of it will be Miss Snow is an all around com-
presented in THE BUSINESS EDU- mercial teacher. She began by teach-
CATOR during the coming- year. ing in the grades and later completed
What Mr. McGhee has accomplished her commercial training in the
in the engrossing work is quite encour- Metropolitan Business College of
DESIC\ElHnii:ii:nil]:{ENGROSSEI
aging and we hope that many more Chicago. She was head of the Com-
young men with ability for engi-ossing mercial Department of the Wisconsin :rRB%TON .N J
will follow Mr. McGhee's example. In Rapids High School and Supei-visor
his letter he .states: "This summer I of Writing in the grades from 1910 to
visited a number of engi-ossing studios. 1914. Since 1914 Miss Snow has been
I spent four days with Mr. P. W. teaching penmanship and bookkeeping
Costello, Scranton, Pa. (a contributor in the Riverside High School. Miss LEARN ENGROSSING
to THE BUSINESS EDUCATOR) Snow has had much valuable experi- p'our spare time at ho
He surely does fine woi-k. His work ence as a teacher. This experiencj rty Lesson Plates
in the reproduction state does not do and a winning personality, together ited Instructi' led
pt of
him justice. His walls are covered with a thorough knowledge of tha two dollars. Cash or P. O.
with work and he does not hesitate subjects which she teaches, have con- Money Order.
to give pointers. He is a prince. Mr. tributed largely to her success as a P. W. COSTELLO
C. V. Howe in Philadelphia is another commercial teacher. Engrosser, Illuminator and
Designer
fine fellow. He certainly can roll out Miss Snow has attended our Zaner- Scranton Real Estate Bids.
the script." ian College on two different occasions, SCRANTON. PA.
having been a student in our 1925
Miss Effie Sue McAnis of Ash Summer School, where she was very
Grove, Mo., is a new commercial popular with the students and teachers
teacher in the Carthage, Mo., High alike. Miss Snow has been a Zaner
School. Method enthusiast for ten or fifteen
Miss Helen L. Johnson of Staples, years and she states that she considers BEST MADE 1^,,::,"%^!!^, '^i.^^h?i
Minn., is this year teaching commer- it a great privilege to have known Mr. not set. R. C. KING, 701 Met. Life BIdg..
cial work in the High School at Chat- Zaner as well as to know Mr. Bloser. Minneapolis,
ham, Mich.
Miss Rowena C. Leavitt, recently LEARN DIPLOMA-ENGROSSING BY MAIL. ARTHUR P, MYERS
with the New Bedford, Mass., High Until January 1. 1926. will pive comiilctc
course for only ?2.50. Enroll today. Clarence Fine Art Engrosser of Resolutions, Testi-
School, is now teaching commercial C. French (dc rAcadcmie des Beaux-Arls. monials, memorials, diplomas. Certificates,
work in Winthrop, Mass. Paris). Saucatuck, Mich.. V. ?.. A.
Charters, Book Plates, Honor Rolls, Title
I'agos and Coat of Arms. Elegant designs for
Memorial Tablets, Tombs, Monuments, Silver-
ware, Fine Jewelry, etc. Send copy for esti-
MEUB'S PROFESSIONAL OBLIQUE PENHOLDERS mate.
Are beinpr used by the finest penmen of the country. — such men as Lehman. Guillard. ARTHUR
P. MYERS. Artist Penman
Heath. Blanchard. Leslie, and Tollcy, the man who does all the pen workat the Whil 963 E. Market St. YORK. PA.
for President and Mrs. Coolidpe.
You will do better penmanship with one of my Professional Obliques. Try nd be
I adjust each holder so that it makes true, clear-eut shades. My
convinced.
made of expensive, imported woods from Africa, South America, and Mi "
'
FINE ORNATE CARDS
palm, manzanita. tulipwood. ebony, teakwood, and beautifully inlaid ith bits of Ivory. No
D02 _ - 25c
holder made to equal it. 5 doz - Jl.OO
The cost is SI. 50. and well worth the price. You do not need to send money
write that you wish to try one. and you can pay the postman when it is delivered Nicely Written.

A. P. MUEB, Expert Penman PAUL DOBSON,


23B.-) MAR VIST.\ K\V.. PASADENA, CALIFORNIA. I'cMUKin. ci.arin(;ton. pa.

A PROFITABLE VOCATION
Learn to letter Price Tickets and Show Cards. It is easy to do RAPID. CLEAN CUT LET-
TERING with our improved Ix^tterintt Pens. MANY STUDENTS ARE ENABLED TO CON-
HIJ. WAI TFR WINNEPFG.
YV/\L.Ii:.I\
,
222Porla«eAYenue
CAN.
TINUE THEIR STUDIES THROUGH THE COMPENSATION RECEIVED liY LETTERING WESTERN CANADA'S MASTER PENMAN
PRICE TICKETS AND SHOW CARDS, FOR THE SMALLER MERCHANT. OUTSIDE OF
SCHOOL HOURS. Practical lettering outfit consisting of 3 Marking and 3 Shading Pens, 1 Will sen<l you two pages of the finest com-
bination ornamental signatures, business
color of Lettering Ink, sample Show Card in colors, inslruclions. figures and alphabets
Drepaid
^ "
$1,00. PRACTICAL COMPENDIUM OF COMMERCIAL PEN LETTER- capitals, etc.. ever produced in Western
' -
JNO AND DESIGNS 100 Pages 8x11, contain- Canada $0.60
ing 122 plates of Commercial Pen alphabets Set of business capitals and a forgery
finished Show Cards in colors, etc. —
a complete proof signature of your name _ JO
Mark Catalogue free instructor for the Marking and Shading Pen, 3 dozen Visiting Cards _. 1.00
prepaid. One Dollar. Samples of Penwork _ _ .20
The Newton Automatic Shadinit Pen CoRipanT Dcpt. B PONTIAC, MICH., U. S. A. No Free Specimen*
;

*^i^^uJ/'/i^^^^(/iu^^f/h^ ^
mOM GRADE PRIVATE COMMERCIAL SCHOOLS
From June 1 to September 1. these are some of the better-known priva
schools that engaged our nominees; Morse Business College, Hartford. Conn.; Merrill Busi-
DIPLOMASa!^ ness College, Stamford. Conn.; Churchill School of Business. Cleveland. Ohio; New Castle.
Pa., Business College
Pa. ;
Mcintosh School. Dover. N. H. McCann School of Business. Reading.
;

;
;

Wood School. New York City Drake Business College, Jersey City, N. J. Scranton- ;

CERTiriCATES, Lackawanna Business College, Scranton, Pa. Bryant & Stratton College, Buffalo. N. Y.
May we help you ?
;

THE NATIONAL COMMERCIAL TEACHERS AGENCY, (A Specialty by a Specialist)


E. E. GAYLORD, Mgr.. Prospect Hill, Beverly, Mass.

Cataloc and Samplos Free


HOWARD & BROWN OUR ILLUSTRATED CATALOG
ROCKLAND, MAINE.
of fine penmanship supplies and publications EDWARD C. MILLS
will be sent you free for the asking. You
CARDS should see ours before buying elsewhere.
Script Specialists
p. O. Drawer 982 ROCHESTER, N. Y.
Beautifully Written THE ZANER-BLOSER CO. The finest script for Bookkeeping Illus-
trations, etc., copy for which is prepared
White or colored cards, a Columbus, Ohio. for the engraver. Send copy for estimate.
dozen, —
40c 3 dozen cards
$1.00. My best on every
one. Sure to please. Reso-
lutions Engrossed.
Filled.
I
Prices
Diplomas
Reasonable.
am pleasing others Why —
TEACHERS WE PLACE YOU '" """ """"*
POSITIONS
Unexcelled Ser We
not you. ' rnroll only Normal and College Graduates
ERNEST E. JACKSON BRANCH OFFICES:
WILMINGTON. DEL.
RpckrMr-7£ACH£Rs
410
AGETNCY
Nat. Bank Bldc.Denve" '"" "
U.S.
Portland, Ore.

N.W. Bank Bide.


Minneapolis. Minn.

lunBii EichancB
Kansas Cit).

Rlilta Bl<e.
Ma.

ORNAMENTAL
CARDS 35c doz. LARGEST TEACHER PLACEMENT WORK IN THE U. S.
Blank Flourished Xmas Cards 35c per 100
Under One Management— Direction of E. E. Olp, 28 E. Jackson Blvd., Chicago.
FrSKTEACHERS AGENfY, 28 E. Jackson Blyd, Chicago. AHilated officer, in principal citie*.
NATIONAL TEACHERS AGENCY, Southern Bidg., Wa.hington; Security BIdg., Eyanffon, 111.
AMERICAN COLLEGE BUREAU, Chicago Temple, Chicago; 1254 Amsterdam Ave., NewYork.
NORTHWEST SCHOOL. Equipment and ca-
EDUCATION SERVICE, 1254 Amsterdam Ave., New York; 19 South laSalle Street, Chicago.
pacity for 100. Valu(^ of equipment $6,000.
Will sell for $3,000 cash, or $3,300 terms.
This will bear investigation.
Address Box 577. BUSINESS EDUCATOR. POSITIONS FOR TEACHERS-
Columbus, Ohio. BUSINESS COLLEGES FOR SALE
Splendid salaries, choice positions, beginning and experienced teachers wanted.
Write for free literature state qualifications briefly. Money making business
—Free Tuition
;

Home Study
colleges for sale.
Address M. S. COLE. Secy.

Write for particulars no charge.

Hi?h School, Normal CO-OPERATIVE INSTRUCTORS' ASS'N,


Service, Engineering, Drawing, Domestic 41 Cole Bldg., MARION, IND.
Science, Salesmanship id Collegiate courses
thoroughly taught by i 1. Tj'pewriting course
free of tuition.
Apply, Carnegie College, Rogers, Ohio. Commercial Teachers Placed By Us In
FOR SALE— Folding blackboard fully equip-
Twenty-nine States This Season!
ped for Lyceum and Chautauqua work.
Script for one hour and fifteen minutes en- During the past several months we have
sent commercial teachers to 29 dif-
tertainment goes with it. ferent states— 16 to New Jersey North Carolina 16 to Pennsylvania
: 17 to :

C. SPENCER CHAMBERS. 8 to Mississippi; 15 to West Virginia;


10 to Kentucky; 7 to Florida; 11 to
734 S. Beech St., SYRACUSE. N. Y. Virginia 7 to South Carolina, etc.
; Second semester high school openings
will be coming in soon. We have good business college vacancies on file now.
If you are interested in a commercial teaching position, write us for an en-

Mailing Lists rollment blank.

CONTINENTAL TEACHER S' AGENCY


BOWLING GREEN, KENTUCKY,
99/0 byrlftnd'ol J each

Cincinnati Calls You


Neat Our representatives will be at Federation Headquar-
200 Sheets $|00
ters, Hotel Gibson, December 28, 29, 30. Good posi-
00 EnvelppesIM ffi^ tions in business colleges, high schools, and universi-
High ) ade. .vhite bond
paper- ties will be reported to us there. If available for em-
ooth
ing su ployment now, in January, or next September, write
envelopes to match. Name
address on every sheet antl us promptly so we may take your papers with us to
envelope in rich dark blue. Plate Gothic Type.
up to 4 lines. West of Denver and outside of the Convention.
the U. S. $1.10. Sent C. O. D. if desired. We
prepay postage and guarantee satisfaction. Or-
der today. BOOKLET
AGENTS WANTED.
AND
SAMPLES FREE! THE SPECIALISTS' EDUCATIONAL BUREAU
ART STATIONERY CO., ROBERT A. GRANT, President. 144-150 Odeon Bldg., ST. LOUIS, MO.
1330 Taft Road A., Cincinnati, O.

32 ^ .^^^iOin^^^ti^iua^
(Continued from page 23)
^
Correspondents 19 58.2
6 11 12 19 6 66 49.5
Bank
Bank
clerks
3 3 3 11 14 46.8
tellers
Telephone oi>erators -
Telephone supervisors
— ..™ _—.™—
»—*-
13 10 3 13 52
16
52.1
59.2
Money order and postal savings clerks « 5 46.6
Stamp clerks .— 6 53.6
Registry clerks ~ 7 47.9
Printer pressmen
Printer compositors .
«
-..-

— — _— 29
11
49.5
47.2
Printer proofreaders —.„—..-. ..»...„. 4 45.8
Elementary teachers 17 20 23 18 14 11 125 68.8
Hig-h school teachers 17 23 19 30 17 156 49.9
University teachers „ — — 17 20 17 8 135 46.2
Totals - - « 52 98 210 237 316 281 265 224 154 77 39 21 7 2000 54.4
The occupational distribution of the scores of vocational ha
shown in Table VI. The average quality for each oecupati(
:iting. in steps of five, is
own in the extreme right
A RAPIDLY GROWING
hand vertical column, total figures at the bottom indicate the imber of all the specimens NEW SCHOOL
receiving quality score from 20 to 90, while the total score under erage quality in the lower
-right hand corner sho" that the average score of the 2.000 specinr ns of vocational handwrit-
j

COL- THE BYRNE COMMERCIAL


ing i^s quality 54.4. of Dallas, Texa.s, was opened LEGE
in be seen fr comparison of the vocational averages that the shipping clerks are about a year ago by Mr, H, E. Byrne,
the lowest with a score 10 points below the average of all the specimens. Next in order are
the editorial assistants and printer proofreaders. The university teachers are the lowest of the the founder of the Tyler Commercial
teacher groups with an average of 46.2, while the high school teachers are ne.xt with an aver- College of Tyler, Texas, and the au-
age of 49.9. The elementary teachers constitute not only the highest teacher group, but have thor of the series of Byrne Commer-
the highest average of all the vocations 68.8. The range—of the scores for elementary teachers
cial Texts.
is especially noteworthy. With the exception of three, they all range from 50 to 90. furnishing
3 of a total of 7 specimens listed at quality 90. Their most common quality is 70.
other hand, the scores for high school teachers run the entire range with a specimen at both
On the COL- THE BYRNE COMMERCIAL
<iuality 20 and quality 90, and nf) by far the most common quality. University teachers furnish is meeting with great success. LEGE
3 specimens at quality 20, and range up to quality 85, quality 35 being most common. High It had approximately 500 enrollments
school and university teachers combined supply four of the five specimens listed at 20 (the other during its first year, and expects to
one was written by an editorial assistant) and eleven of the fourteen listed at 25. The superiori- The
ty of the elementary teachers in handwriting is probably due to the fact that this is one of the
reach 1000 the second year.
subjects which they teach. After the elementary teachers, the highest average scores were se- school is giving ten complete business
cured by business groups. A few of these are shown below with their average ratings. courses, and the liberal patronage it
Tabulation clerks 62.0
Subscription clerks 61.3 is receiving is evidence that there
(This group furnished one of the seven specimens at quality 90. elementary teachers fur- remains a profitable field for the pri-
nishing three, high school teachers one and general clerks two.) vate commercial school. Mr. Byrne is
Tracer clerks 61.2
61.1 still interested in the Tyler school,
Bills Payable clerks
Bookkeepers write better than hand addressers, who rate slightly higher than typists. Gen- which is one of America's largest bus-
eral clerks rate .4 point under typists and .3 point above stenographers. Bookkeepers score 5.9 iness colleges, but believes that he can
points higher than accountants. The more strictly commercial groups with few exceptions score
higher and range more toward the upper end of the scale than the less strictly commercial
build even a larger school in a pro-

groups shipping clerks, retail sales clerks, printers, stock clerks, telephone operators, etc. gressive city of Dallas, the great com-
(3hart VI which follows shows graphically the range of quality and the average score for mercial center of the Southwest.
«ach of the vocations and for the general average of all as taken from Table VI, Mr. Byrne endeavors to make his
CHART VI
school a factor in the growth of
QUALITY ON AYRES HANDWRITING SCALE
OCCUPATIONS Dallas. He believes in taking an ac-
xo 3-5- JO .yj- t/o VJ" ^ro J^ 6o t-f 7° 7J" ^o fj- fa tive part in the work of the Chamber
1. Messengt r'l

2. Mail clciks of Commerce, and the various civic


3. File cleiks _ organizations. He has also found it
4. Receiving clerks
5. Stock clerks
an advantage in building and giving
6. Shipping clerks a business college the proper dignity
7. Order dirks and standing in the city, for the man-
8. Billing clerks
9. Ci-shiers
agement to invest in legitimate bus-
10. Timekeei>ers and payroll clerks iness enterprises in the city, and he
11. General clerks actively associated on the boards of
12. Ledger clerks
13. Pricing clerks directors of these business institu-
14. Typists tions, thereby keeping in touch with
15. Retail sales clerks __ the men who are making business
16. Hand addressers
17. Billspayable clerks. history for the city in which his school
18. Tabulation clerks is located.
19. Mdse. records clerks
"20. Statistical clerkf
21. Machine operators
22. Credit clerks
23. Cost clerks
24. Audit clerks
25. Calculating machine oi>erators
26. Mechanical bookkeeping: clerks
27. Bookkeejiers
28. Accountants
29. Claims clerks _ _
30. Tracer clerks
31. Discrepancy clerks
32. Prorate clerks DURING SPARE TIMB
33. Waybill route clerks LEARN AT HOME
Write for book. "How to Become a Good Pen-
34. Abstract clerks
Subscription clerks
man," and Ix^autiful specimens. Free. Your
3.^.
36. Editorial assistants
name on card if you enclose stamp. F. W.
37. Advertising
TAMBLYN. 406 Ridge BIdg., Kansas Cily, Mo.
38. Stenographers
Correspondents - -
39.
40. Bank
Bank
clerks
tellers _ _
DIPLOMAS MADE TO ORDER
41.
or in Old English, Script or Text I.at-
filled
42. Telephone operators tering. do all kinds of work from the letter-
I
43. Telephone superMsors ing of sheep skin Diplomas for large state
44. Money order and postal savinffs clerks schimis to the making of diplomas for zinc
45. Stamp clerks
etchings or iK-rsonal use. Circular on request.
46. Registry clerks
47. Printer pressmen
48. Printer compositors
49. Printer proof riaders
50. Elementary teachers
Bl. High school t<achers
62. University teachers
Total range and average score
WICHITA. KANSAS.
(To Be Continued)
^^J^uJ//i^i^^i/iua/h^ ^ 8S

titled"Fundamental Principles of Letter Writ- insurance in which the reader desires to in-

BOOK REVIEWS ing" and "Miscellaneous Forms and Their


Uses" a considerable expansion of the chap-
;

ter on "The Selling Letter" minor changes ;


vest, whether it be life, fire and marine, cas-
ualty, or any of the miscellaneous forms, here
is the information, necessary to an understand-
in other portions of the text. ing of the insurance protection which may
Our readers are interested in books of merit,
but especially in books of interest and value Chapter XVL "Spelling and the Use of best serve hi; eeds.
to commercial teachers, including books of Words", contains a wealth of highly useful
special educational value and books on busi- exercises, both oral and written. These may
well be used for intensive study or to supple- English in Business, by John C.
ness subjects. All such books will be briefly
reviewed in these columns, the object being to ment the work contained in the earlier chap- French, Collegiate Professor of
ters.
give sufficient description of each to enable
"Business Letter-Writing" is intended for
English, John Hopkins University,
our readers to determine its value. and John E. Uhler, Instructor of
students who are somewhat familiar with Eng-
lish grammer and composition and who will English, John Hopkins University.
Modern Filing Manual, by Estelle B. benefit by a comprehensive study of business
Hunter. Published by the Yawman letter-writing and other common forms of
Published by McGraw-Hill Book
and Erbe Manufacturing Company, business expression. Co., New York. Cloth cover, 311
Rochester, N. Y. Cloth cover, 254 pages.
How to Write Business Letters, by A well-developed, practical treatment of
pages. the principles of effective English and their
This book has been prepared for use as a John A. Powell Published by the application in business writing and talking.
text book in commercial classes as a hand
;
University of Chicago Press, Chi- The book provides a sound and stimulating re-
book for the guidance of office employees whose view of grammar and usage, discusses in de-
training failed to include a knowledge of cago, Illinois. Cloth cover, 192 tail the special forms of business writing and
filing principles and last, but not least, it is
;
pages. emphasizes the importance of effective spoken
designed as a reference book for the execu- This intended for the man who
book is English in business.
tive who desires to know what should be ex- dictates the letters and for the stenographer
pected of file operators and how to select both who transcribes them.
filing systems and equipment. It is intended to give to the dictator sug-

The Financial Organization of Society,


gestions on how to make his letters effective.
Little or nothing is said in this book about
iccL^M roy^ifajio
letters with a "pvmch". because the idea has
by Harold G. Moulton, Director, The been overdone, and also because letters with
Institute of Economics, Washington, a "punch" do not get half as far, in results,
as do letters that are persuasive and con-
D. C. Published by the University of vincing.
Complete and up-to-date instrue-
Chicago, Press, Chicago, 111. Cloth tionin Elementary Drawing. Illus-
cover, 780 pages. Elements of Business Law, by Ernest Commercial Art. Cartool^
tratiner.
"Unique in the literature of finance" this W. Huflfcut, revised by George Glea- iniT,Lettering. Engrossing, Show
book has been called. This new edition, com- Card Writing, etc. Especially vala>
pletely revised and re-written, differs from son Bogert. Published by Ginn & eference books for teachers of Pen-
the usual text in the field of finance both in Company, 15 Ashburton Place, Bos- books and drawinff
scope and in point of view. It is Professor outfit. postpaid. Cii Free.
Moulton's profound conviction that the com-
ton 2, Mass. Cloth cover, 359 pages. .?.')

mercial banking system occupies a dominant In this edition technical, legal words have, NU-WAY SCHOOL OF ART, DEPT B.,
so far as possible, been replaced by simpler 176 Broadway Brooklyn. N. T.
position in the entire financial and business
structure. He goes further, and asserts that terminology condensed, elliptical expressions
;

it is the foundation of the whole complex


have been expanded abstract statements have
;

in many cases been changed to the concrete


financial and economic organization of mod-
em society. His text has been entirely re- or lightened by illustrations; and the names
organized on this basis. of actual parties have been substituted for let- PjRACTICAL IHOME BUILDING%^
ters in the problems and examples. The ob- KAYING Crn rfii 300 PEN -o inkIi^,
ject has been to make the book more interest-
The Uses of Bank Funds, bv Waldo ing, easier to study, and better adapted to
F. Mitchell. Published by the Uni- use by students who have had no previous
versity of Chicago Press, Chicago,
legal training.
V^'ll
^^jV,M,
111. Cloth cover, 181 pages. R.R
Banking institutions have come to be very Current Economic Problems, by Wal- Indi
different from the banks described in works ton H. Hamilton. Published by the
on banking ; practices have diverged from University of Chicago Press, Chi-
theories. American has been developing a
cago, Illinois. Cloth cover, 960
NAME CARDS 35c doz. ; Address lOe extra
financial structure to fit American conditions, doz. Courses in Business and Ornamental
and this is the first work in English to recon- pages. Writing. Diploma Filling a specialty.
cile American practices with the fundamental Through a readings in the con-
series of
theories of banking. trol of industrial development, the author pre-
This book is base<l largely upon reports sents a general view of the entire field. Such
which bankers have made of their own busi- problems as those of the business cycle, rail-
nesses, and will therefore be of practical serv- way regulation, population, and unionism are
ice to those who have to do with actual bank taken up in turn, given adequate historical
management. Mr. Mitchell's work is an in- setting, and full consideration of their rela-
terpretation, rather than just a description, tion to the structure of industrial society.
and from its pages the reader will learn how Every variety of economic opinion is rep- 30e Boyle Ave.. NEW CASTLE, PA.
present-day procedure is governed. resented. Out of the whole comes a most
vivid impression of the course of economic
life. The student is given a background
Harvard Business Reports, Volume I, against which to see his later and more de-
compiled by and published for the tailed courses. This is a fascinating volume,
You are interested in the Texts that
Graduate School of Business Admin- too. for the layman who wants to see the are most satisfactory to both teacher
broader aspects, especially the social and moral and pupil. The Byrne Series of Com-
istration, George F. Baker Founda- aspects, of economic development.
tion, Harvard University. Pub- mercial text have won such a reputa^
lished by A. W. Shaw Company, tion with some of our larger private
Everyman's Insurance, bv Frazer
Chicago. Cloth cover, 561 pages. and public schools. Fill in and mail
Hood, Ph. D., Litt. D., Professor of
In this volume are published 149 cases se- for descriptive price list.
lected from the file of business cases collected Psychology in Davidson College,
by the Harvard Graduate School of Business Published by D. Appleton & Co., Byrne Publishing Co. Dallas, Tex.
Administration through its Bureau of Busi-
ness Research, and with the cooperation of its
New York. Cloth cover, 264 pages.
Insurance for everyone the theme of
faculty. Each case has been judged to have this book. In clear, non-technical fashion it
is
Name
significance, either as a record of current busi- offers the reader, however unfamiliar with the
ness practice or as a guide to sound business subject, a working knowledge of every type of
naanagement. The decision stated in each case insurance available. Whatever the forms of Address
is that reached by the business firm in no ;

instance has the School or the Bureau under-


taken to inject editorial opinion.

Business Letter- Writing, by Roy


Davis and C. H. Lingham. Publish-
ed by Ginn & Company, 15 Ashbur- are many penholders
but the o PROFES- MAGNUSSON
SIONAL is ts reputation on its own merit for
the only penholder that
ton Place, Boston, Mass. Cloth ster 1 which is so desirable cannot be made euo
ornamental writing. The thin
cover, 317 uages. cessfully with an automatic lathe, therefore they are HAND MADE
of selected rosewood. (Look
This book is based upon the latter half of for the brand), The A. "Magnusson Professional" tiand turned holders are adjusted especially
the authors* "Business English and Correspond- for penmanship, 8 inch plain, each 35c ; 8 inch inlaid, 75c; 12 inch plain. 75c: 12 inch
ence." The following additions and modifica- inlaid, S1.35.
tions may be pointed out :new chapters en- A. MAGNUSSON, 208 N. 5th STREET, QUINCY, ILL.
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^ f^J^uJ/zt^S'd^iii^iu^i/fr^ ^ 36

The Picture Magazine


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The
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Prices subject to change without notice. Cash should accompany all orders.
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ifh..ffi.. ..in.ift.. ^ttt..iii„. .^n. ,<?>.. ..^t,. n,.. ,,r>.^.. :.tK.fi,.. _,». ..i.;. /

VOL. XXXI JANUARY, 1926 NUMBER 5

"-'
' 1j,!;ii;i,i!aS0f §|;ip^
'i^nlil*:il

I'^'ii M

ill k'i

1926
May the New Year greatly excel
the old by bririging a greater
adundance of Peace, Prosperity
and Happiness to all.

i ilnrr We should not deceive ourselves,


however, in thinking that these
blessings may come to us without
Tort on our part.
We should face the stem fact ,,

that they will come exacdy in ^P


proportion to how hard
and intelligently we
work for them.

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Entered at Post Office.Columbus.OhiD as second class matter.


'^MIIIIXV\VIMIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII////lininilllllM.4l[lll IIIIINIINNIIIIrfllN fimlllliii^^ii
f^^r^uJ//ieSik^i(/iu:a/^ ^

The Business Educator Certificate


tiow is the time to work for Certificates. Teachers can do nothing better for penmanship
classes than to encourage the certificate idea

The Business Educator grants a beautiful


Certificate to subscribers of The Business
Educator who follow a series of lessons
given therein and attain a grade of 80%.
This certificate is worth hundreds of dol-
lars, and perhaps thousands, because it
stands for good handwriting.
The standard is a normal one and should
-»-,^X/-, (rhr(!>iiii^ \?u»inrs; (J'lillryr, be attained by all. No student should be sat-
isfied with a handwriting below this stand-
ard. A certificate is a credit to the possessor.
It means that the person has acquired an
excellence in penmanship that will be a valu-
A greatly reduced illustration of The Business Educator Cer- able asset through life.
tificate. Size 16x21 inches, price 50 cents. Any teacher \vh(
wishes to interest pupils in this certificate may have a sampk
certificate on request. To secure
you must write a
this certificate,
good business hand and in a business-like
manner. Slow, labored writing on the one hand and scrawly writing on the other will
not win. The writing must be more than merely legible, but it need not be perfect
Moreover, it needs to be smooth in quality of line, neat in appearance, orderly in ar-
rangement, and written freely with mainly arm movement and with no shade.

'
a ^2 ^j s^T/ ^'^^%

^^^Z^^^^.^.^.Z^^^-.^-r'
lidered Rood enoujrh

Write to Zaner & Bloser Company, Columbus, 0., for illustrated Certificate Circular,
.^^.^u^/ieJ^(a^/iu^i/h- ^
C. C.CANAN COLLECTION OF PENMANSHIP
THE late C. C. Canan was a penman HIGGINS
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of rare skill and
who were acquainted with his work
originality.

agreed that his best efforts should be col-


Per-
Wr i t i ng Inks
lected and presei-ved in book form for the
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ButNotlnEgpyt
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¥N Cairo. Egypt, per-
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For him any ink is good


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CHAS. M. HIGGINS
Zaner & Bloser Company 271 Ninth
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CO.
Brooklyn, N. Y.
Columbus, Ohio. Chicago London

EMition New Edition


Metropolitan ^^u^
By U. G. Potter
Metropolitan By
R|jA|v|pQA McKinley High School W. A. Sheaflfer

Chicago
System of
Speller Bookkeeping
Over 6000 words. New lessons containing words pertaining You Will Like It. The text emphasizes the thought side of
to Aeroplanes. Radio. Automobiles, etc. Complete Index, 244 the subject. It stimulates and encourages the reasoning pow-
pages, attractive binding, 50 cents. er of the pupil. Pupils acquire a knowledge of the subject as
well as facility in the making of entries. It is a thoroughly
A Superior Speller seasoned, therefore accurate, text supported by complete
Teachers' Reference Books, and Teachers' Manual.
Twofold Design. In the preparation of the Metropolitan
Business Speller we had constantly in mind two objects: Parts I and II text is an elementary course suitable for
first, to teach the pupil to spell, and second to enlarge his any school in which the subject is taught. Two semesters
vocabulary, especially of words in general use. are required in High Schools and a correspondingly shorter
Words. As an aid to the memory we have
Classification of time in more intensified courses.
classified words, as regards sounds, syllabication, accents and
meaning. We
have grouped the words relating to each par- Parts III and IV text is suitable for an advanced course
cular kind of business into lessons, by which the student is following any modern elementary text. We make the state-
labled to familiarize himself with the vocabulary of that ment without hesitation, that this is the most teachable,
usiness. We
have interspersed miscellaneous exercises in most up-to-date, and strongest text published for advanced
le nature of reviews. We have grouped words that can best bookkeeping and elementary accounting use.
be learned by comparisons, such as Stationery and Stationary.
Corporation-Mfg. -Voucher unit is bound in heavy paper
Abbreviations of states, months, railways and commercial covers and contains all of Part IV. It is a complete course
erms are given in regular lesson form, and grouped alpha-
in Corporation accounting including instructions, set of
We regard abbreviating of almost equal impor-
betically.
transactions, exercises, problems, etc. It is without doubt
ance with spelling.
the best text for this part of your accounting course. List
Syllabication and pronunciation are shown by the proper prices. Text, 120 pages, 40 cents. Supplies, including Blank
division of words, and the use of the diacritical marks. The Books and Papers, 95 cents.
words are printed in bold type, and the definitions in lighter
ace. so as to bring out the appearance of the word.— an aid
n sight spelling. EXAMINATION COPIES will be submitted upon request.

METROPOLITAN TEXT BOOK COMPANY CHICAGO


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New Rational Typewriting (SoRelle)
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STANDARD
Typewriting Texts
A Practical Course in
Touch Typewriting
By Charles E. Smith

The Sixteenth Edition enlarged and rewritten. The work is


presented in the most instructive and teachable manner, and
has won the commendation of the world's greatest typists
and typewriting teachers everywhere. All world's typing
records for both speed and accuracy are held by typists who
studied from "A Practical Course."
Adopted bu the Xcw York. Boston, Baltimore Boards
BLISS-ALGER Edu ation.

Published in three editions:


Bookkeeping and Accounting paper cover. 120 pp
Stiff Sl.OU
Clothcover, 120 pp _ _ $1.35
A strictly new
course just off the press, combining Book- High School Edition, 208 pp _ _ $1.60
keeping, Business Practice and Banking. Makes individual
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High Speed in Typewriting
Three Systems By A. M. Keiiucdu and Fred Jar.tl

ACTUAL BUSINESS (with oflfices) Complete in Fifty Lessons. Each lesson is divided into four
FOLDER (like above, without offices) exercises. 108 pp.. $1.00; cloth $1.25.
CORRESPONDENCE
Advance Typewriting and
For High Schools, Business Schools or any institution
teaching Bookkeeping. Text and outfit sent to teachers for Office Training
examination. Mention school connection.
New Enlarged Edition, 155 pat^es. 60c.

BLISS PUBLISHING CO. Practice book for advanced students.


Adopted III the A'cw Yorlc Board of Education.
SAGINAW, MICH.
WRITING AND ILLUMINATING
AND LETTERING
By EDWARD JOHNSTON
500 pages, 227 and diagrams by the Author
illustrations
and NOEL ROOKE. 8 pages of examples in red and black.
ZA pages of collotype reproductions, cloth, $2.50. Adopted by
qA Wise the New York Board of Education.

"This book belongs to that extremely rare class in which

<^an Said:- every line bears the impress of complete mastery of the sub-
ject. We congratulate Mr. Johnston on having produced a
work at once original and complete." The Athenaeum. —

"If you -want a thing done well, PLAIN AND ORNAMENTAL


take it to the busy man." LETTERING
Plain and Ornamental Lettering
liy EDWIN G. FOOKS
Just so with printing. While we may be a 9',x6i,^ in. 86 pages with 40 full-page plates, $1.00.

little prejudiced we strongly recommend the A Practical Guide to Ticket and Show Card
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Underlying the whole book is the aim of makins; it essen-


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tially practical,
with this end in view hence the inclusion of plates illustrat-
;

ing materials commonly required, and of further plates sug-


"The 'Busy Shop" gesting simple types of ornament appropriate for use with
the various forms of ulphabot.

139 E. Rich Street Columbus, Ohio

Main 4556 Citizen 6954 Isaac Pitman & Sons


2 West 45th Street NEW YORK
——

THE BUSINESS EDUCATOR I


COLUMBUS, OHIO, JANUARY, 1926

VOLUME 31 NUMBER 5

jPrecepts, Advice and Reso- integrity of character. To care for You are also to consider, to inven-
the body and keep it in health, you tory, your value or worth to self and
lutions to Remember and must live in accordance with the to mankind. This value, remember,
Heed During 1926 teachings of physiology, hygiene and
sanitation and give special attention
depends upon the health and the
strength of your body, the size and
to diet. shape of your brain, tlie strength and
Remember that: culture of your mind, the purity of
GREETINGS FROM THE NEW "Faults in the life breed errors an your moral character, your courtesy
YEAR the brain, of manners, your respect for women,
iGood morning, dear! I'm the New And these reciprocally those and your service in behalf of man-
again. kind.
Year;
And I'm yours to use or to abuse; The mind and conduct mutually You should live by the precepts of
imprint, the Golden Rule, not by the Rule of
My every day and liour are in your And stamp their image in each Gold.
power other's mint." (Continued on page 19)
And all the peace and strife,
Of my whole life are yours

For good or ill as you will
For I'm your New Year: Guard me
well, dear!
— Frederic A. Whiting.

In daily duties sow


life's
Words of kindness as you go;
Scatter freely thoughts that bless
Where the thorns of sorrow press;
* » *

Hearts are fields, and words are seeds


Growing into gracious deeds. * * «
— Edward A. Horton.

Young Men and Young Women:


In the near future all the interests
of the nation, of civilization, of so-
ciety, ofeconomics and of the welfare
of mankind will devolve upon the
present youth of our country. There-
fore you should now begin to qualify aftj^tu sJcxit \/citt"
for an honorable, patriotic and just
discharge of the various duties you
will have to perform. nitU
Your first duty is to remember the
purposes of life, which are: To live,
to love, to labor, to achieve, to enjoy,
futcluj* mtitt the full uf nik
to obey the law, human and divine,
to respect woman, to assist the needy
and to reverence Deity.
Your next duty is to take care of ings from J. B. Haeae, now with the J. V. Haring & Sons Engrossins Stndi(
your body, mind, manners, morals and New York City.

SUBSCRIPTION PRICE, S1.25 A YEAR The Business Educator is the best medium
THE BUSINESS EDUCATOR To Canada. 10c more; foreign. 20c more)
I
through which to reach business college priw
Published monthly lexcept July and Augiast) Single copy. 15c.
prietors and managers, commercial teachen
By THE ZANER-BLOSER CO.. Change of address should be requested
612 N. Park St.. Columbus, O. promptly in advance, if possible, giving the old and students, and lovers of penmanship. Copy
E. W. B LOSER Editor as well as the new address. must reach our office by the 10th of the mont^
E. A. LUPFER - - - . Managing Editor Advertising rates furnished upon request. for the issue of the following month.
^ f^J^giJ//ie^d^i/lU^^/^ ^

Lessons in Business Penmanship


By J. J. BAILEY, High School of Commerce, Toronto, Ont., Canada.
(Mr. B-iiley will be glad to giv ill enclose 15 cts.)

I am sending you my best wishes for both a prosperous and happy New Year. May it bring you success in
your penmanship work especially! I am hoping to find that a large number of students have acquired considerable
skill in writing from practice on the copies I have written for the "B. E."

All good penmanship is characterized by uniformity in three things size, slant and spacing. Concentrate on
the work before you, and criticise unmercifully every letter or word you write. That, with good movement, will
ultimately spell success. Anything that is worth having is worth striving for. Surely good penmanship is worth
having ?
(a) —
"r" Here is another style of small "r" which many penmen use a great deal. It is probably more easily
made. Certainly it is much speedier. The first part is like the first part of n, followed by a straight up stroke,
ending in a tick or dot similar to that in w, v or b. The connected exercise is a good one for movement, control and
for lateral movement. Do your very best on it. Try to keep the letters in alignment in the columns. This letter
may be used initially, medially or finally.

(b) I have given some drills here showing where it is customary to use this style of r. It should be used after
all top- joining letters, such as w, v, b, and may be used after any letter.
The final r used in runner, etc, is made exactly like the n, the ending stroke being a short right cui-ve never
higher than the first part.
These copies provide excellent drills for movement and speed. Make pages of each separate combination.


Capital I Many people apparently find this letter very difficult. Probably it is an application of the old
maxim that "Familiarity breeds contempt." It is used so fretjuently that we get careless in its use. It is a direct
growth from the right oval. Keep the two loops as nearly as possible the same width. Try, also, to have the three
lines meet at a point. Do not begin too far below the line; and endeavor to join the Ito the succeeding small let-
ter. Watch the slant, and use good speed.


Capital J This letter is very similar to the preceding one, although the upper loop is both longer and there-
fore wider. In the J, th« loop begins at the base line. Keep the downstroke straight for about two-thirds of its
whole length. The lower loop is shorter and narrower than the upper one. Round out the top and bottom nicely.
Practice diligently on this letter. Owing to the oval movement in it there is a tendency to make it with too much
curve. Others go to the opposite extreme and make it to straight, with angles at the top and bottom.

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Capital P With this letter we begin another group. It is made from the straight line exercise and a right oval.
Notice the oval part carefully. It is slightly more than half the height of the whole letter, and is flatter than the
usual oval. It is quite similar to a small d upside down. The first part is usually a trifle lower than the oval.
Do not lift your pen in making it, but strive hard to make your hand do what your head tells it. The words are
purposely getting harder. That means harder work for you.

/9/0^/Op^^p^/0/o/op/o/:P/0

Capital R This letter is a P with just one stroke, a compound curve added. Be sure the little connective loop
touches the straight stroke, and notice —
its slant upwards to the left. Do not lift your pen in making the "R."
Finish it just below the line. Be positive, in the words, that you do not commence the initial stroke of the first
small letter through the final stroke of the capital. Such a crossing tends to illegibility, and detracts from the
neatness.

^^^PP^/?^/P^

Capital B It is merely a P with an added right oval. Notice particularly the size and direction of the small
connective loop. It is slightly slanted upwards to the left, and the bottom part of it rests on a line half the height
of the letter. Be careful to make it the right width.

/y::^?—Z7—Tt^/Zc^^Z^^^^-^J-^-^-^:^ /'::^^^^-i^-'€Z^-->^-t^^2''/t7-'?-Z^/'^^ZZ^^

Capial T — Here we have another group of letters arising out of the similarity of the main stroke. Practice the
figure eight exercise. Notice the compound curve in the downstroke. The top is the beginning loop of the capital
stem followed by a compound curve. The stem should be as far away from the oval as it is from the compound
curve. Try to get the hook the correct direction. I have made the words longer so that you may acquire skill in
your lateral movement.
I trust you are sitting correctly, using good movement and speed, and trying to be neat and systematic in your
work.


Capital "F" The only difference between this letter and T is that the hook crosses the main stroke and e.nds
in a tick. If you mastered the former letter you will have no difficulty in mastering this one. Concentrate your
will-power and your nerve centers ought to respond, and you will be astonished how much more you can accomplish
in a short time.

Capital L — Begin the letter a little more than one-half way up, so that the crossing occurs midway between the
ends of the loops. The lower loop is flat, as it is in the Q. The second form may require more practice than the first.
Examine it carefully. It is the same top as we used in one form of C and E.


Capital S It is quite similar to L. The bottom is an oval like that in the T or F ending in a hook too. See
that the crossing occurs half way between the end of the upper loop and the oval part. Do your best on the words,
paying special attention to size, slant and spacing.

(Continued on Page 28)


^ ^^^^uJ/n^iU'^i/iu^i^r' ^

Ideal Business Writing


By E. C. MILLS, Rochester, N. Y.

MILLS' INSTRUCTIONS
Now that the advanced copies are given, no one who desires to learn to write well can afford to become carel.
regarding the position of the body or pen. It is a good plan for the student to frequently refer to illustrati.
showing correct position. You should look after this matter of position very carefully during every wi-iting le.^.-i^'i
.

Sometimes in doing the class of work presented this month we become interested in our work to such an extent
that the movement becomes cramped and the muscles of the arm are drawn up to a high tension. This is decidedly
wrong. The muscles should be kept in a rela.xed condition as much as possible. Of course in doing our best work
there is always more or less of a tension on the muscles in order to give control over the movement, but the tend-
ency is to draw the muscles up too much. This is just the reason why many who try to do their best succeed in
doing their worst work.
All the copies in this lesson should be arranged as near like the engravings as possible. Try to have each paye
present a neat appearance, but keep up the free arm movement. Endeavor to keep the correct n^ental picture of
these forms in your mind's eye. We
must think good writing. It is a mistake to turn the arm loose on these copies
without using your intelligence in directing the motions of the ami and hand.

^~2.(?^.'

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A^j'ty:

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MR. MEADOWS SAYS: the course that you originally plan-


ned to take. It will pay you and pay
Don't be satisfied to learn just you BIG. You are getting rea«ly for
enough to get by. Try to learn enough your life's work. The time you put in
to get to the top. There's more room school, and the way you spend your
at the top than at the bottom. Don't time, will determine your FUTURE.
forget to carrv vour books home with Always bear in mind that whatever
you, and put in AT LEAST two or is good for the .school vou are attend-
three hours studying in the evening. ing is good for the STUDENTS of the
It is the fellow who does this that gets school. The more you cooperate with
ahead. the school the more it can do for you.
Stay in school until you have fin- (Mr. Meadows is President of
ished;" until you are thoroughly (|uali- Draughon's Business College, Shreve-
fied to hold a fir.st-class position. Take port. La )
PLATE 29

PLATE 30

^ ^t ^ ^-

9
12 ^ t^^^/Ki/7/^S^^d^i5«K^

Supplementary Business Writing


Bv C. C. LISTER, Maxwell Training School for Teachers. New York City.

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C^^tZ-A-'^-T-^^ (^-^^

.^4^(/~c-'C~-C^

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Vs usual Mr. Lisler has prepare*! a beautiful pane for sluilenls to practice friiin and stucl.i
^ ^!^^^u^'/i^^^4/iu^a^?^ ^ IS

Modern Broad-Pointed Lettering


WILLIS A. BAIRD ENGROSSING STUDIO
440 Wrigley Building. North Section, Chicago.

The Broad Pen Roman is a very practical letter. It is intensely legible. Nearly every letter requires some re-
touching with the fine pen. Imitate Roman forms as well as you can with the broad pen and then round out the
intersections and ends of strokes to give a graceful appearance. Broad Pen Roman is not so easy as its ap-
pearance may lead you to believe, but it is well worth some careful study and practice. It will look best when
made with the smaller sized pens.

abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz
ABCDIFGHIJKLMMNOPP
QRSTUVWWWXYZ AJTUZ
V T3road Pen Roman .-.

£xrE/VD5 BEST W/SHES TO ALL


the pen of Lnpfe
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Teachers and Students urged to assist in collecting material for this page
rho are subscribers to the B. E. may free criticism when working on the lesson in the B. E. Send

Below are the signatures which we have selected for the Students' Page. We will let you deciile wliich one is
the best. Each one of the students, whose name appears below, will receive a penholder.
Students who feel that they can write better than this group of students should send in their signatures now
for may be that we will publish another group.
it
In preparing signatures or any work for the Students' Page be sure to use black ink, getting a firm strong line.
So many goodsignatures could not be engraved because of blue ink and poor lines. Some students on the other
hand used ink which was so thick that their writing looked rather drawn and labored.
Weare pleased to see so many take part in the contest but were sorry that we could not reproduce more of the
good signatures. Keep on working and you will succeed.

'K.Je^d-a-<uyCyC*-c.<.<i-<i,ir^ty «0'i>4»-«;5C^'t;'V-TiiT^^«Ct-(i.^ /%«i-<?-<^ /fel-tx^^-^!/ ''z.Z.Aje.^C'.^n-a^

NAME AGE ADE SCHOOL AND CITY TEACHER SUPERVISOR


Gertrude Harbert 12 New Castle, Pa., Public Schools. Mar>' J. Wilson
Edythe Mae Mast 18 Chillicothe. Mo.. Business College. J. D. Rice
A. H. Harlett Tiffin, Ohio, Business University. A. M. Reichard
Helen Sakasnik 14 New Castle. Pa., Public Schools. Mary J. Wilson
Des.sie Clousson 14 Adaraston, W. Va., Public Schools. Miss Stealey Ora I>eatherman
Dorothy Tolschcid ...- 11 Clara Barton School, Philadelphia, Pa. A. F. Kern
Mable Rucker 12 Adamston, W. Va.. Public Schools. Miss Stealey Ora Leatherman
Thelma Vincent 13 West Jr. High School, Siou.\ City. Iowa. Miss Kccfe
Genevieve Thomas 1.3 Adams School, Phoenix, Ariz. Miss Landolt
Eva Ginsbery 14 West Jr. High School, Siou.\ City. Iowa. Miss Keefe
John Mossman 12 B. F. Brown School, Fitchburg. Mass. Miss Hackett Grace Phillips
AllieKokkinen 14 B. F. Brown School, Fitchburg, Mass. Miss Griffin Grace Phillips
Jeannette Gwynne 11 Ashburnham St. School, Fitchburg, Mass. Miss O'Brien Grace Phillips
Ruth Fetten _ l2 Kenwooti School, Hammond, Ind. .A. R. Bailey Mary Welch
Teresa German© 13 Santa Rosa. Calif., Jr. High School. Evelyn Laughlin
Ethel Carlson 12 West Jr. High School, Siou.x City, Iowa. Miss Keefe
Marjorie Vince ...„ Washington Jr. H. S. Port Huron, Mich. A. M. Depuey
Margaret White 11 Columbia School, Valparaiso, Ind. Miss Herrich
Anna Maron 12 West Jr. High School, Sioux City, Iowa. Miss Keefe
Florence Shields _ IS West Jr. High School, Sioux City. Iowa. Miss Keefe
Sara Mehlhop 11 Central Jr. High School, Dubuque, Iowa. Miss Cullir.an
Mildred Ray Alameda, Calif., High School. lone Gardiner
Raymond Chinn 14 Franklin School. Newark, N. J. Miss Edith Bishop
Mildred Hoffmann _ 16 Highland High School. \\. Thomas. Ky. Russell E. Bridges
J. E. Bridges ..._ 17 Brantley-Draughon Bus. Coll.. Ft. Worth. Tex
Ruth Howe Waitman Lockyear's Business College, Evansville. Ind. Harry L. Godfrey
Martin Johnson 13 St. James School, Fairbault, Minn.
A. H. Baker. Wichita, Kansas. Business College.

^^yuci^^^f^^^^ i^

ThU showi the high quality of work bcint done by The Catholic Institute, Jersey City, N. J.
^ ^^^f3^uJ//i^^^d(ua^?^ ^
VISION
Three stone cutters were driving
their chisels into a massive block of
granite. A
stranger, in passing, in-
quired of the first man what he was
doing.
"I'm cutting stone," growled the
laborer.
"And what are you doing?" he asked
the second.
"I'm working for $7.50 a day," he
replied.
The third man was asked the same
question, and looking up, with a flash
of earnestness, he quietly answered:
"I'm helping to build a cathedral."
— The Barometer.

^
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The above stanza of "Looking on the Bright Side" was written by Mary Moore, a student in the Berea, Ky., College, under the direction of
I. H. Long. We consider this a very fine specimen for a pupil. How many can do as well? Let us see your efforts.

Masterful ornamental signatures by C. C. Can vho was one of the finest penmen Ai
16 ^ f^Jr^uJ//i^^^i(^^iua/ir^ ^
Ornamental Penmanship
By H. L. DARNER, Daquesne University, Pittsburgh, Pa.

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0^ ^^^^3^uJ//i^S/(^^i/iua/f?^ ^ 17

in now, than the one I entered in the


year of our Lord, 1852! The old
MENTAL MEANDERINGS Sicle-wielder has turned his clock
ahead at least a thousand years since
the coming of the telegraph, the free
By CARL MARSHALL
school and the daily newspaper.
Route 1, Box 32, Tujanga, California

Those of you whose educational


memories run back a quarter of a cen-
The other morning I slipped out of tion of the world by fire, a la the Book
The fall-
tury or so, may recall a rather pert
bed at five-thirty, donned slippers and of Daniel and Revelations.
little journal I
bathrobe, and stepped out ing stars proved a great bonanza in
Pink Blackboards, used to edit in
Tempus on the upstairs veranda to his business, for he could show con-
And Now those days, called
Fugit. watch for Leonids. Per- clu.sively that it was one of the biblical
"Learning by Do-
haps you will recall that "signs." And his trembling followers
ing," and published at Battle Creek,
Leonids are supposed to be the scat- could vividly see the "four beasts with
Mich. One morning I found on my
tered remains of a smashed comet that eyes before and behind," and the desk a big, fat, pen-written letter, un-
get in or near the path of the Earth "dragon in the sky with seven heads der a New York postmark, four or —
every year about the middle of No-
vember. They appear to come right
and ten horns" whose fearsome tail
"drew the third part of the stars of
five pages, — written in characters a
quarter of an inch high, and appar-
out of the Constellation of the Lion. heaven and did cast them to the earth," ently with a large-sized "stub." The
As they are speeding directly toward whenever they hid their heads under letter was in approval of something I
the Earth at the rate the covers. For a vivid account of had written for the current issue of
of nearly two million Miller, and the furor, he made in
my paper, and which, at the time it
miles a day, and as the Hosierdom, read Edward Eggleston's was written, I rather expected, would
Earth is going toward "End of the World." But even so late let me in for a roasting, as was quite
them at nearly the as 1875, when I was teaching country frequent, in the case of things I wrote
same speed, there is school out in Kansas, there were still in those days, being then young and
likely to be quite a folks in my district who were looking more or less irreverent. But this big
time when the head-on for the end of the world, which they letter was, in subject matter, as bold
collision occurs. On or- assured me with all solemnity, might and strong and forthright as the form
dinary years, our come at any time. One dear old lady in which it was indited, and, more-
planet merely "side- with whom I had boarded for awhile, over, had things in it that kept me
swipes" the bunch of showed me her "ascension robe," chuckling for a week. The letter was
starlets, as it were, or maybe, misses which, all starched and ironed, she signed, "William McAndrew" and the
them entirely, for it seems they do kept packed away in a chest. This writer appeared to be holding down
not run on exact schedule time, but airy garment, she was to don when- some kind of a subordinate school job
once in about thirty-three years, we ever the trump should sound, and she in Manhattan. Years later, I had the
hit the flock of little fliers fairly in and all the others with the "mark of pleasure of meeting Mr. McAndrew
the center, and then there is apt to be the lamb" on their foreheads, were to personally. At that time, he was one
some fireworks worth looking at. The be caught up in the sky while all the of the Department superintendents of
lion was high in the sky when I turned rest of us were being reduced to the city, and we were both too busy
my field glasses on him, but though ci'ematory powder in the burning to see much of each other, but I found
I stood shivering out in the frosty air world below. The good old soul him a stalwart, rough-hewn Scotchy-
for a quarter of an hour, I only saw seemed to look forward to this pros- looking person, with shaggy brows
two Leonids, and they were rather pect devoutly, but somehow, I couldn't above the kindliest eyes one could
feeble ones. help surmising that should the time want to look into, and with humor
really come when she would hear
Back in my warm bed, I fell to
Gabriel's hooter, and see the "heavens
exuding from every pore of him.
thinking about the stories my grand- Then I came out here and lost track
unroll like a scroll," perhaps, just as
mother used to tell me about the fam- of most everybody back east. But the
she was han'esting the cabbages in
ous "falling stars" that frightened other day, when I cut the wrapper
the back yard, she would probably go
folks so, one morning in November in of the October issue of the Western
yelling down into the orchard without
the year 1833. That appears to have Journal of Education, I found in it a
once thinking of her heavenly nightie.
been the most spectacular display that characteristic article by "William Mc.
we have any account of. It is estima- It seems hard to believe, in this Andrew, Superintendent of Schools,
ted that more than a quarter of a mil- era of radio and airplanes, and sky- Chicago." It was the first I had heard
lion of these heavenly flares were seen scraper churches and libraries and of his promotion to the second,
in Boston alone, on that memorable seven-days-a-week newspapers, that (possibly the first) educational job in
morning. Many thousands of the peo- within the memories of folks now the country.
ple attributed the extraordinary vis- living, there were great numbers of The article awakened the same sort
itation to Divine Wrath, although people like that. Perhaps there are a of chuckles that had been aroused by
there was much divergence of opinion good many of them yet in certain his letter of so long ago. It has a
as to what the Deity might be angry areas of ultra fundamentalism like Mc Andrewesque caption: "Speaking
about. Some said it was probably, Tennessee and Arkansas. Only a cen- of This and liiat," and is as snappy
this "new-fangled and wicked eddica- tury ago, the masses of the people as a Mexican tomale, dealing with a
tion, that was making people be infid- were hardly less superstitious. In the lot of intimate things of the school
dles." Others thought it was owing matter of rational intelligence, they room and the school ma'am that have
to divine disapproval of slavery in the had not advanced so far beyond, the to be read to be appreciated. I have-
southern states. I suspect that my Egyptians of twenty-five hundred space for but one Brief excerpt. He-
dear old Whig grandmother died in years ago, who devoutly believed their had been poking fun at certain gew-
the fixed belief that the star-shower priests when they told them that a gaws of alleged art with which a lot
was a divine warning against the per- school of behemoths were to come of school rooms are embellished, and'
sonal and political wickedness of down the Nile and devour every moth- then speculates as to what Mr. Loredo
Andrew Jackson. er's son of them because they had Taft and others eminent in real art
It was about this time that the fam- permitted Cambyses, the Persian and might do if they were turned loose in
ous Miller, leader of the "Millerites" his hordes to over-run their country. a school room with carte blanche toi
or forerunners of our modern Seventh "Art is long and time is fleeting," fix it up. Then he proceeds:
Day Adventists, was holding forth sings the poet, and the statement is "I wonder what they would do with
out in Indiana, scaring the folks into very tnie, especially the last part of the blackboards ? Could we have
fits by prophesying the early destruc- it. What a different world I am living (Continued on page 18)
^ .^^r3^uJ/n^^d'^/iu^?- ^
SUGGESTIONS TO Wi TEACHERS of the most important essentials of MENTAL MEANDERINGS I

By R. W. CARR, good writing. No writing can have a


pleasing appearance unless it has the (Continued from page 17)
Super of Writing, Parkersburg. proper slant. We have quite a few lambrequins, portieres, curtains on
pupils in our upper grades who nee<l brass rods? Whew! Wouldn't the
Your pupils need your attention and to watch the slant of their oval work dust fly when one drew the veil?
assistance while I am giving a lesson. Circles for ovals are not wanted. Some sort of sliding panels in which
My teaching is to help you become a There is only one way for a pupil the children couldn't get their fingers
better teacher of penmanship and not to acquire an easy, speedy way of pinched might do. Maybe the future
to give you a rest period. It seems to writing and that is by running the school builder, who is a mental
be necessary to call the attention of a hand on the finger nails. Unless your hygieist, will wake up to the fact that
few teachers to this fact every year. pupils learn this way of working, your to put sensitive souls into a room five
New teachers please note. teaching will not "carry over" as well hours a day, surrounded by black
Pupils in grads 3 and 4 should get as it should. walls, may be the culture of gloom.
their small letters about one-half a Teachers of the third grade fill an We have a lady principal who utters
space high. We have too many chil- important position in the teaching of distressing sounds at short periods
dren writing too small in these grades. handwriting. It should not be neces- during the school year, announcing
Do your be.st this year to get our work sary for a teacher in the fourth grade that her teachers are unhappy. The
the proper size. to teach position and movement, to wise ones say she should coax them
Give the figures the necesary at- any great extent, to her pupils if the to look at blackboards less and at
tention. Notice the date writing of work of the third grade teacher has smiling faces more. Pink is the most
your pupils. Is it neat and regular? been thoroughly done. Pupils coming cheerful of all colors. Many children
Your class gets a practical applica- to the fourth grade should know the are pink. It really would be worth
tion of what they know about the correct position of the arm, body, etc., while to try in that school, equipping
figures when writing dates on their even if they are not always able to a room with peach-colored slate
papers. Urge them to do this work maintain this correct position at all boards on which the children can add
as well as they can. times. The problem of the fourth and pi-ove with lavender chalk. Don't
As a rule, all upstrokes are curved
grade teacher is to teach her pupils laugh. Some principals in France
downstrokes are to use and maintain a correct writing claim to have discovered remarkable
and all direct
Downstrokes are on the position. If she has to take time to cuiative properties of certain colored
straight
main slant and upstrokes are on the teach a correct writing position to her surroundings.
connecting slant. Use your black- children, her class will be retarded to
I would give a big juicy California
board to illustrate to your class what the extent of the time it takes her to orange to know precisely just what
teach them correct habits in writing.
the above means. —
Zaner says "Unless mechanical con-
measure of satire lurks between the
lines of Supt. Mc Andrew's pink black-
The position of the paper on the ditions are correct, manual excellence
desk controls, to a great extent, the board suggestion. I suspect a wicked
is out of the question. If you cannot
slant of a pupil's writing. Teachers twinkle in those humerous eyes when
teach position in such a way as to
in grades 2, 3 and 4, should look after he penned it. Still, I have seen faddy
have it maintained until it becomes a school-rooms where pink blackboards
this part of the work carefully. Rule habit, you cannot teacli writing suc-
lines on the desks wherever needed. would fit into the scheme of things
cessfully." Do you agree with him ?
most happily. Speaking personally,
Now is the time to begin to EXACT Crossing of "t", dotting of "i", and if I were fixing up a school-room for
from your children the very best work crossing lower loop letters on the base real work, I would leave out the black-
they are capable of doing. You should line need a little more attention at
not accept any work that you are rea- boards except a double-sided movable
this time. one for demonstrations by the teacher.
sonably sure does not show a pupil's
believe that a Begin talking arrangement of the I believe there would not be much loss
best efforts. I still
work on the paper to your pupils as if blackboards were to go the way of
pupil will hand in as poorly written
soon as possible. Twelve or thirteen slates. I wonder that no one has tried
work as he knows his teacher will ac- Urge
letters on a line are enough. to show the lack of correlation
cept. He will not be long in discover-
ing the standard of his teacher either.
your chihlren to put words under between blackboards and the practical
words, etc You know the proper ar- activities of life I believe they use
Scribbling or drawing out letters is rangement. blackboanis in marking up quotations
not writing. Both are time wasters.
Don't overlook taking your special at the Board of Trade and the Stock
There is a medium here that these two Exchange, and I once saw the book-
lessons from time to time. These will
classes of pupils need to work for.
show a pupil his progress, and most makers using one at a New Orleans
A practice paper for trying out of your pupils are "from Missouri". horse race. But aside from these, I
pens, drills, letters, etc., before using Use your envelopes to keep this spe- have not found any job, (if we except
the good sheet of paper will prove cial work in. school-teaching) where anyone needs
helpful to any pupil in grades .5, 6, 7 working at a blackboard.
and 8. If you are not using this plan, We are starting well. Let us keep skill in
moving. Furthermore, they are dusty and
try it. You will find it worth while. mussy and uncheerful (I guess even
Are you as a teacher of writing, the pink ones would be rather bore-
able to distinguish between the for- Mr. H. M. Hill, Super\isor of Writ- some and dreary after a time), and
mally stiff and the naturally efficient ing, Columbia, South Carolina, at the they take up room that would be
position? There is a vast difference suggestion of County Superintendent better occupied by maps, charts or
between the two. G. M. Eleazer of Richland County, good pictures. And it seems to me,
Look after your ink carefully. It recently organized a Study Center for the children who are made to use
needs a little water in it c|uite often. penmanship practice where three hun- them, would get better training, if
Ink that is too thick will make heavy dred teachers enrolled in the Penman- they were to do their work at their
a pupil's light touch.
lines in .spite of ship Class; these classes to meet de.sks on clean white paper. In my
This discouraging to any pupil.
is twelve times during the school year. little experimental mixed school here

Not all the pupils in a class can u.se The large number enrolled in the.se in the mountains where things are
the same kind of a pen. Unless a penmanship classes encouraged Supt. going beautifully, I have but one
pupil has a light touch, he should not Eleazer to offer courses in the other blackboard, but the children rarely use
use our No. 17 or No. 1000 pen. Our subjects. Full credit for work taken it, and notwithstanding Supt. Mc
No. C40 is the coarse pen and .should at the Study Center will be given to Andrew's alluring suggestion, I don't

be used by pupils who have rather a the teachers attending. think paint it pink.
I'll Maybe I
heavy touch. We congratulate Mr. H. M. Hill and might, was teaching around State
if I

Urge vour pupils to watch the slant County Superintendent Eleazer on and Thirty-fifth in Chicago, or down
their forward step. in the "black belt" of Alabama
of their work at all times. It is one
^ .^^.^U^/t^d^^^/fU^l/^/- S
A DEVICE FOR MAKING dition rise.
ARM MOVEMENT EASY AND Act well your part, there all the
KEEPING HAND OFF SIDE honor lies."
"Take the pen or pencil in the usual Remember, that the world was not

way between thumb, first and second made for you alone. The shining
fingers. Do not draw third and fourth
wheels of the firmament, the refresh-
fingers under the hand but keep them
ing rain, the cooling breeze, the smiles
out so the end of these two fingers
of angels and the love of God are for
glide on the paper instead of nail. all mankind without regard to wealth
1 Keep all four fingers together. Round or creed.
all fingers to match the first. Just
Be tolerant, altruistic and never
• insist that the end of the third and
miss an opportunity of giving pleas-
fourth fingers rest on the end and rub ure; of placing a smile upon the face
the paper. Pupils will soon discover
and joy in the heart of all with whom
the secret of using the muscles. We you come in contact, and thus you will
are using this way of holding pen and
live
pencil."
The above quoted from a bulletin
is "For the heaven that smiles above you,
to teachers prepared by J. H. Bach- For the human ties that bind you.
tenkircher, Director of Handwriting, For the ta.sk that God assigned you,
Lafayette, Ind., who states that he has And the good that you can do."
found this device very helpful.
Supplemental to the foregoing ad-
vice, you should subscribe to the fol-
PRECEPTS, ADVICE, ETC. lowing code of action:
(Continued from page 7) Know All Men By These Presents,
Beware of the enemy who is daily That for the good of myself, my fu-
reducing your physical and mental ture family, my country and mankind,
qualities. That enemy is he or she I make the following declaration of
who wears your hat and walks in your principle? and code of action: W. J. ELLIOT OF TORONTO
shoes, and who disregards the laws of FIRST, That during the year 1926, SUMMONED BY DEATH
hygiene and dietetics. and thereafter, I will be industrious,
Be a regular patron of the library temperate, truthful, honest, honorable, Through our old friend, E. J. Kneitl,
and in your general library and home tolerant and altruistic. of Stratford, Ont., we learn of the
reading, include Astronomy, Geology, SECOND, That during the year death of William J. Elliot, proprietor
Physiology, Biology and Phrenology. 1926, and thereafter, I will be cour-
As advised by Longfellow, teous and kind to all, rich and poor, of the Elliot Business College, Tor-
high and low. onto, and formerly proprietor of the
"Study yourselves, and most of THIRD, That during the year 1926, Central Business College of Stratford.
all note well. and thereafter, I will do all I can to The cause of his death was heart
Wherein kind nature invites you equip myself for the battle of life, and
trouble.
to excel." to prepare for the great duties of a
noble citizen and a loving, just and Mr. Elliot was formerly a joint
Strive for the welfare of your coun- affectionate parent. proprietor of the Central Business
try and for universal peace among FOURTH, That during
the year College with Mr. W. H. Shaw, pres-
the rations of the earth. Foi' that — 1926, and thereafter, I will not use to-
bacco, wine, liquor, coffee or tea. Thus
ident of the Shaw Colleges. Mr.
peace Elliot was well known by the business
I can say in truth, I am healthy and college fraternity of this country, as
"When the war drums shall throb happy as happy can be, because I use well as in Canada, and undoubtedly
no longer, and the battle no tobacco, liquor, coffee or tea. was one of the foremost commercial
flags be furled, FIFTH, That during the year 1926, educators of our time. His death is
In the parliament of man and the and thereafter, I will not be apathetic a distinct loss to the cause for which
federation of the world." or indifferent to the evil habits, the he labored. Part of his early busi-
vice and the crime, the immodest fash- ness experience was in the United
By heedingthese admonitions you ion and folly, that exist throughout States at Fort Wayne, Ind. But in
will increase the physical, mental, the nation, and which menace the 1904 he returned to his native country
moral and citizenship worth of your morals and welfare of mankind. and took permanent residence in

future wife's husband or your future SIXTH, That during the year 1926, Toronto.
husband's wife, as the case may be, and thereafter, I will strive most He was not an old man, having been
and will have better bodies and minds; strenuously, to be worthy of the re- but sixty-three at his death. At one
and with these better qualities you spect and esteem of all honorable men time he was one of Canada's finest
will have better thoughts, reason, and women. penmen. For many years past The
i
judgment and action; and hence will SEVENTH, This article is espe- Business Educator has received letters
be better citizens and better gov- cially for the young men who are to from Mr. Elliot and as we write this
ernors, when elected to that office. promise and act as follows: notice his signature, as he signed it
And thus you will be more respected When I am of proper age, of good to his letters, comes to mind almost
and esteemed as you advance along health of body and mind and charac- as clearly as if another letter from
life's thorny road and play your part ter, I will insure my life, and offer my
him lay before us on our desk.
in the drama of humanity. heart, head, hand, virtues and love to
In connection with the foi'egoing, some worthy young lady to whom I
you are to obey the Divine command will be a true and loving husband, if G. C. Greene of Goldey College, Wil-
to eat your bread by the sweat of your she consents to become the queen of mington, Del., in sending the BUSI-
face; to pay your taxes and vote in- my home. NESS EDUCATOR a large list of sub-
telligently. scriptions states that the interest in
Young Men and Young Women: penmanship in that institution this
"Count that day lost whose low- Live in accordance with these Reso- year is very keen and that they are
descending sun, lutions and the foregoing advice and getting good results. Goldey College
Views from thy hand no worthy whether successful or unsuccessful, is a very large and thorough Business
action done." you will merit the plaudits of mankind College.
Forget not that and enjoy the consolation that fol- Out of this large club we hope to
"Honor and shame from no con- lows a faithful performance of duty. see many certificate winners.
20 ^ f^J^3BuJ//i^ii^<^<fi^!fu^i^h^

FAMOUS LETTERS
BY FAMOUS PENMEN
lis series we have some of the most skillful letters ever writte

^-^^^^.-g^iC^/^y/^/y/ry^^ ./!^C^

^t>i.^-i^^^ ^^Z,..^^^^^//r^/^r/y. ^ .-J^g^fd^^^yC^t^^yd^^A^if'l^^

A. H. Hinman ranked amonK the very finest penmen of forty or fifty years aeo. While he ulil write other slylt
cessfully the one shown above with shaded downstrolccs was a favorite with him.
It will pay any one who desires to acquire a fine command of the pen to practice this style for a t

the downstrolics to a greater extent than other styles do and mastering It will aid in training the

After admiring the penmanship do not fail to carefully rend the letter and think of the hospitable and fraternal spirit that
the writer of it possessed.
i^ ^^Jf-^uJ/'/i^^^X^^/iu^^i/h-

out of his sled, that the pillow is on


top of the baby's head, or that the
The Teaching of Writing baby is being pinched, etc. By going-
at it in this way it is easier to get
By J. A. SAVAGE, Super of Writing, Omaha, Neb. proper results with little children^
They like to play "make believe" and
A DEVICE ing. Some child will quickly discover
games of this kind get more ready re-
Mrs. Ryan, nee Miss Frances Rob- sponse than the dry way of giving or-
that the baby has no covers. Have
formerly Supervisor of Writing another child find the covers and push ders and suggestions.
erts,
at Lincoln, Nebraska, is, we think, the the index finger down into place to
originator of this spleridid device for keep the baby warm, being careful not CITY WIDE PENMANSHIP
keeping the hand in position while to cover his head. CONTEST STAGED IN
writing. This appeals very strongly Children do not like to hear babies SYRACUSE, N. Y-
to little tots in the lower grades. cry. The following easily imagined Supervisors: Are you utilizing one of the
The hand and fingers are the baby's conditions would of course cause him most potent forces in your community for
sled and the pencil is the baby. The to cry and should be avoided. The —
Penmanship Publicity Your Daily Newspa-
end of the pencil where sharpened is teacher may illustrate these various per? Show the article below which is taken,
the baby's nose. (Tlie baby has ap- positions which are all common errors from the Syracuse Herald, Nov. 12. 1923, to.
parently been playing in the coal, for in pencil holding by little children. the city editor of your paper and see how youi
the tip of his nose is black). Extend- 1. Covers in baby's face index — can cooperate with him to increase the sale-
ing about one inch back from the finger too close to end of pencil. of his paper and improve the handwriting or
sharpened part of the pencil is the 2. Pillow on top of baby second — your pupils. Your city editor will be inter-
ested in both of these projects.
baby's head; the rest of the pencil is finger riding pencil.
his body. 3. Mattress on top of baby thumb — The Syracuse Herald and the Rob-
bins-Eckel Theatre of Syracuse, N. Y.,.
The fleshy part near the end of the hooked over pencil.
thumb is the mattress and the soft 4. Covers off baby, causing him to with the cooperation of C. Spencer
part near the root of the nail of the catch cold and be sick index — Chambers, the enthusiastic Director
second finger is the pillow. The tips finger slipped off to the left. of Handwriting of that place, recently
of the nails of the third and fourth 5. Tipping baby out of sled hand — staged a unique city wide Penmanship-
Contest in which over 2,000 pupils
fingers are the runners. turned over with perhaps only
Having explained to the children one runner gliding. and adults participated. Attractive
thus far, demonstrating with her own 6. Last but not least, "0, the prizes were offered in both the adult
hand and the pencil, the teacher next cruelty of it!" Pinching the baby and juvenile groups. Miss Lillie BelL
proceeds as follows: Lay the baby's —gripping the pencil too tight- Dimond, a teacher in Merrick School,
body, (the pencil) on the mattress, ly. won the adult prize and Miss Mary
(the end of the tumb) witli its head Instead of telling the children to Staton, age 12, won the juvenile con-
on the pillow, keeping the first finger keep their hands turned right, to keep test. Each received a five dollar note.
raised high and pointing toward the certain fingers in correct position, to Second, third and fourth prizes were-
ceiling. Call attention to the fact order them to stop gripping the pen- offered in both the adult and juvenile-
that while the baby is now ready for cil, it is much better to suggest to groups, and those receiving honorable
his nap, there is just one thing lack- them that the baby is being dumped mention were given theatre tickets.
22 ^ ,^^f36uJ//i^J^^i(/ui^a/fr^ ^
that they are actively engaged
learning while I am teaching.
Can We Teach Writing?
Columbus, Ohi(
This outline seems to have some
bearing on the use of handwriting
AKTHIR G. SKEELES, Super of Writing,
scales. What does the usual hand
writing scale measure ? Can we tell,
by comparing the writing of the child
Writing has many elements of in- with the scale, whether lie is weak or
II
terest, so that usually pupils like well strong in knowledge of letter forms,
In an article last month it was sug- in the technique of writing, or in the
enough to write; but they need more
gested that our efforts at teaching than an interest in writing; they need desire for improvement ? Would it be
writing might be classified under an interest in their own improvement. possible to devise scales which would
three heads— Teaching Forms, Teach- Here the teacher may do some of his measure each of these ? And would
such scales be helpful to us in teach-
ine How to Write, Making Writing best work.
Interesting. This classification has It has been helpful to the writer ing? ,

some important implications for the to keep in mind the outline mentioned In tke words of Hashimura Togoj
teacher. in the first article, and to a.sk him- "I inquire to know."
self when before a class, "What am I
First, What do we mean by teach-
teaching now ? Is this that I am
ing form ? I would answer, We mean ILLUMINATED ALBU.M
securing in the mind of the child a doing calculated to teach the forms
better concept of the forms of the let- of the letters, or to teach the tech- A seven page album has been re-
nique of writing, or to arouse interest ceived from E. H. McGhee, the en-
ters than he would have if he did not
in improvement?" For instance, why grosser of Trenton, N. J.
have a teacher. Merely teaching the
do I count ? Perhaps the most im- The pages are illuminated in mag-
child to read script would result in his
portant reason is to secure proper nificent, harmonious colors and each
having some conception of the forms
of the letters; but it is possible to do speed and movement Why do I write page is a little different, making the
Forms on the blackboard ? Principally to book most attractive and harmonious.
for him much more than that
may be taught by such devices as show the forms of the letters. Why This was one of the rarest treats we
making them large, presenting them do I use the phonograph ? To inter- have had for some time, and it is in-
in groups, by class discussions, and
est the pupils in their own improve- deed a pleasure to announce that six
The technique of teaching ment. And so for every teaching act. of these pages will appear in THE
the like.
mental concepts, as of a word in read- Unless I am helping the pupils to BUSINESS EDUCATOR. It is

ing, or a picture, or an object in na- learn the forms of the letters, or to gretable that you will not be able to
ture, or a script letter, is fairly well write in the correct manner, or to take see and enjoy the exquisite color work
understood. The best methods that greater interest in their own improve- which cannot be reproduced. However
educational psychology can give the ment, I am not teaching them to you will be able to get a good idea of
teacher should be used in teaching the write. And since pupils learn through the high quality of work Mr. McGliee
forms of the letters to children. their own activity, I must make sure is doing.

Second, How can we teach children


how to write? In the first article the
word used was "show," and this gives
the clue. Most acts of skill cannot be
so described that one can learn how
to do them without having seen some
one el.se perform them. The teacher
must be prepared to demonstrate the
"how" if he is to teach his pupils
how to write." No amount of telling:
pupils how to sit, move the arm, and
hold the pen will enable them to learn
"^(^
the correct manner of writing, but a
little showing may accomplish the re-
sult.
Third, How can we place the pupils
in a situation where they will try to
do writing?
their best For unless
they feel the urge to do their best,
rapid progress is impossible. As Dr.
Book says in "Learning to Type-
write" (Gregg Publishinir Co.), "There
seems to be only one thing that will
make a learner eliminate an uneco-
nomical mode of response and make
him continue to vary his reactions
until a more effective type of reaction
is originated; namely, keen dissatis-
faction with his present score [man-
ner of writing], and a correspondingly
keen interest in his improvement as
such." On another page Dr. Book
says, "A teacher, therefore, has no
more important duty at the stages of
skill where
specific habits are mechan-
ized, than to arouse in his learners
such a keen interest in the higher
aspects of the subject to be mastered
that they will be willing to give the
amount and kind of effort and atten-
tion to the practice that is needed to
master all necessary details." A Dennis-like Flourish by Clinton Skilln
: : —

^ ,^M^^u^'/i^U^<^i/iu^i/^ 23

WRITING POSTURE
Our readers last month enjoyed the song on
Department of Research in Handwriting Writing Posture, written by Miss M. Katherine
Bell, of the Junior High School of Zanesville.
•iting Suney To Deter Finishing Standards for the
Ohio, so much that we are offering another
Philatlolphia Pu rioem on Writing Posture this month. Pos-
ture in handwriting is very important and so
is music instruction. It follows that the co-

December) relation of these two subjects is highly desir-


I Continue •n
able.
The totals at the botto of Table VI ar presented in graphii Boys and girls of Grover Cleveland,
Sit up straight and do your best,
Feet in just the right position.
If you'd win the Posture Test.

Heads held up, chins in position,


Shoulders square and chests raised
high,
Arms must be at proper angle,
Sit at ease and always try.

All five fingers in their places.


Two at side and one on pen.
Two to rest on, and to glide on,
This you hear time and again.

Never let your hand turn over,


Keep it straight, not on the side.
Do not be a finger mover.
Cultivate a graceful glide.

QUALITY ON AYKES HANDWRITING SCALE Never let the wrist touch paper,
Chart VII. Distribution of the scores of the 2.000 scecimens of vocational handwriting. Rest on muscle, glide on nails,
Chart VII shows that quality .50 is the most common with the specimens tending to de- He who gets a good arm movement.
rease almost symmetrically from this point to quality 20 on the one side and quality 90 on In his writing never fails.
jhe other. The average quality for all of the specimens is 54.4. It is evident that this would
te too low a standard to set when we consider that more than one-half of the specimens were
ated at 55 and above. Furthermore, an average standard, as previously stated, would mean Paper at the proper angle,
that many pupils would be writing far below the vocational demand. A further inspection of Pens held at the proper slant,
he chart will show that quality 70 embraces the highest large group and that almost 15% of All these things we do in writing.
he specimens were rated at this quality and above. Furthermore, we were repeatedly informed
ly business men that the handwriting of many of their employees was not satisfactory, but that Careful habits will implant.
hey were retained in spite of their poor writing because of other good qualities which they
lossessed. or because it was impossible to get other qualified employees who could write better
o take their places. It appears, therefore, that the presence of persons in different vocations
Now start writing all together.
3 not absolute proof that their handwriting is sufficient for their particular vocations. For Free and graceful, to and fro.
urther light on this subject let us consider the answers to a questionnaire which was submit- Watch beginnings, watch your end-
ed to business executives. A copy of the questionnaire follows ings.
Handwriting Survey —Questionnaire Form your letters all just so.
ompany
lame .-.. Keep on working, keep on trying.
cial Position
And observe the proper slant.
1. What degree of handwriting do you demand? (Exhibit the Ayres Sc note the
When you win success for Zaner,
Quality which is designated.) Certificates to you he'll grant.
2. What degree of importance do you attach to good writing?
3. To what extent is handwriting used in your business ?
4. Is speed in writing an important consideration? Miss Kathleen Wheatley of Rhodes-
Should it be Rapid Moderate Slow dale, Md., is teaching commercial
5. To what extent is pen and ink used in your business? work in the Cheriton, Va., High School.
Pencil?
Thirty questionnaires were filled out by executi^ question No.
>een tabulated and the average is as follows Miss Mary R. Bull of Albany, N. Y.,
Accounting Dept 72 Retail sales clerks is a new commercial teacher in the
A^aybilling and tracing 75 Hand addressers Albany Business College.
'ostoffice clerks 70 Telephone operators and supervisors-
General clerks 65 Shipping and receiving clerks. ..„ Mr. Walter D. Murphy of Everett,
Stock Dept 60 Messengers
'actory - - 50 Mass., a recent graduate of Salem,.
itudy of Table VI will show that the last three groups are the only ones writing at the Mass., State Normal School, is teach-
luality required by their employers. The average quality demanded of the first four groups^ ino; commercial work in Wood's Bus-
strictly commercial —
is around 70. There seems to be a wide gap between what the iness School, Brooklyn, N. Y.
vorld demands in the way of handwriting and what it actually gets. The handwriting
lone in social correspondence was also found to fall short of the social need. It is plainly the
iuty of the schools to so train the boys and girls that this condifion shall cease to exist. The
luestion of the permanency of the writing habit is apropos at this time, since it would have POPULAR WRITING
important bearing upon the standard to be reached in school. The writer has in his pos- SUPERVISOR WEDS
lession many specimens of handwriting written by pupils when they had finished school, and
)ther specimens written by these same persons many years later. In some cases they had been We
have just received an announce-
writing more or less since leaving school, and in other cases very little. These specimens prove ment of the marriage of Miss Audrey
;hat not only had the skill in writing not deteriorated but in many cases there had been on
ictual gain. Coordinations once established are never lost. One may be somewhat out of prac- Vesta Douglas to Mr. Robert William
'ice as in skating, piano playing, riding a bicycle, etc.. but this condition ly temporary and.
: Reid on Wednesday, November 25.
that the skill returns with the will to do. Of course, if a pers( is physically infirm
Mr. and Mrs. Reid will be at home,
3r at an age when devolution is asserting itself this does not hold good From the foregoing
facts, it would appear that it is not necessai^y to overtrain in order ti safeguard the pupil 315 Spring Street, Hamlet, North
against a later deterioration or loss of skill. Carolina.
Reasonable and Adequate Standard of Quality of Handwriting for Vocational Purposes Mrs. Reid has had much experience
After a consideration of the judgments of business men as brought out in the questionnaire in teaching and supervising hand-
and the vocational averages and range of scores of the less strictly commercial groups as showi writing, and for the last couple of
In Table VI. one would conclude that quality 60. the standard for social correspondence, is suf
ftcient for these vocations, including teachers of subjects other than commerce in high school
years she has been the North Carolina
and universities. (It would seem absurd not to expect teachers of commerce in high schools an' Representative for the Zaner-Bloser
universities to write as well as the standard required of their pupils.) Again, consulting th<
iiuestionnaires and the fact that Table VI shows quality 70 to be the highest large group
Company. THE BUSINESS ED-
)re than 16^^ of the strictly commercial groups writing at this quality and above, it would
,th
UCATOR joins in wishing Mr. ancf
(Continued on Page 32) Mrs. Reid much happiness.
24
*^^^uJ/neM^<^4/iu^ii^ ^
ville newspaper commented most fa-
vorably on the growth of the institu-
tion, which necessitated the acquisi-
Public School Handwriting tion of much additional space.
(A Comprehensive Bird's-eye View of Handwriting by a Normal School Teache We have asked Mr. Clark to briefly
By E. F. EOEL. Norlhern Illinois Slate Teachers' College, DeKalb, III. inform the readers of the B. E. how
he has accomplished such enviable
results in conducting his institution
(Continued from December)
Undoubtedly his story which follows
matter to make figures resembling will prove of interest to commercial
First and Second Grades cats, snowmen, dogs, butterflies, owls,
In the first grarle the foundation school people generally!
etc. The idea is to connect with im- "This has been the busiest Septem-
for good handwriting- must be well mediate interest so that their work in
established in order to make the prog- ber we have ever experienced," writes
handwriting is not segregated.
ress of the child continuous through- Mr. Clark.
Practice should be given on the nu-
out the grades. The first grade should merical figures, the capital and small
At the September Opening every
give opportunity for free expression seat was taken and each week since
letters that are necessary for imme-
of movement and muscular control by diate use only. Drill also upon the
we have had to make additional room,
requiring the practice of large forms install additional tables, chairs, mach-
difl'erent combinations of letters such
upon the blackboard and paper. ines, etc., and at this writing every
as, wi, oy, bo, ad, br, vo, oe, om, on,
Standing position at the blackboard seat is filled, with more equipment
ve, etc., are important. Colored chalk
is important. The body should be erect and crayolas help to make the writing ordered.
and at easy arms distance from the period interesting. The ruling,' of the
To give you an idea of the rate at
blackboard to give freedom of motion blackboards in the primary grades, is which we are growing, our enrollment
and to allow the child to see his work is now three times the size it was
very helpful. The lines .should be
as it progresses. The chalk should be niled four to five inches apart using 18 months ago.
of half length and held firmly, yet marking pens and black India ink. Mr. J. L. Harmon of Bowling Green,
easily, between the thumb, fir.st and About twenty minutes a day should Ky., summed us up as follows:
second fingers, pointing to the palm. be devoted to writing. Ten minutes 'Mr Clark you do not seem to be one
It should be turned frequently, so that of this time may be given in the to do a lot of howling and blowing,
the point will be woni the same all morning for the study and practice but are going ahead and doing things.'
around The left hand should hold of letter and word combination, and We -Vre Growing Without
the eraser behind the back, but should ten minutes in the afternoon for sen-
be used only when the work is fin-
Advertising. How?
tence practice, which may be regarded
ished. Erasing parts of words for as the beginning of written language
We employ four times as many
correction is a bad habit. teachers as many think necessary.
The second grade work should be a
The beginning work should contain continuation of the first grade. By
We are teaching our "10 Page"
rhythmic movements that involve the Shorthand. Every graduate writes 45
the middle of the second year children
strokes used in writing. These move- should be able to know and make all
words a minute faster than is required
inents should be an expression of an for graduation in many other schools,
the capital and small letters. The
idea. For example, the pupil may so far as w-e have been able to learn.
words should gradually become more
make the "hill" down which Jack and difficult and the pupils should be able
The simplicity and ease of learning
Jill fell. This may be done by going to write freely all the words they can
our shorthand is such that our Grad-
up and down the "hill" with the chalk spell.
uates 'Read every word. Accurately',
in rhythmic time as the Mother Goose The half of the second year
last
and turn in the transcript 'Without
rhyme is being recited. Other rhymes should be devoted largely to paper Error'. •

to use in this connection are "To Mar- practice. Position should be carefully Many business Executives have in-
ket To Market", "Hippity Hop", "Jack studied and practiced, using a small formed us that 'We have made it a
Be Nimble", etc. sized, wide ruled paper and a pencil rule when wanting an efficient office
worker to call THE CLARK SCHOOL.
'

The early grades should also prac- that is medium soft. The paper and
tice the simple six count direct oval pencil should be properly placed. From Long ago we learned that in the
and push and pull movement about the beginning the teacher should al- early hours of the day the mind is
five inches high. This exercise should ways insist upon correct sitting posi- more receptive and the students learn
be practiced until the entire class is tion and placement of paper and more rapidly. We, therefore, call
able to swing it in unison with the pencil. school at 8 A. M. and by intensive
teacher's count and understand clear- The work now should follow closely training, every student works until
ly the direction given. From this ex- the language work of the grade. Mo- 12:30, and goes home for the day.
ercise the children can swing into the tivation is easily secured through the Another strong feature in mn
small letters i, u, e, .s, w. t and r and writing of short stories, invitations course is short cuts in figures. Tin-
'

then can write the words it, tie, sit, for parties, riddles, is a regular 'Lightning Calculatoi'
etc. Children
set, see, wet, wit, sew, etc. Then thev should be encouraged to write a large Methods, brought up to date so as lo
can put in the small letter I, b, h, f, free hand rather than one that is meet every day figuring, makitii: "'
and construct other words. All of cramped and small. A free progres- figures' figure that which takes tin
these letters and words come from the sive motion must be kept constantly average person '30 seconds' to figiif
direct oval and should be practiced in mind, and pupils should be taught We Train Our Own Teachers
often to develop a free progressive that good position, light lines, and We have made it a practice to s' <

motion. Then it is best to start the neat work will win a pen for them in ure the very best teachers. In f.a i

indirect oval from which can be con- the third grade. we train our own teachers by takiiL'
structed the small letters m, n, v, o, a, them riirht through the course, as stu
c, K, y, z, etc ,combining them with CLARK SCHOOL IS PROSPKROUS dents, drilling them thoroughly, just
the words and letters already prac- Some years ago fate decreed that the way we want the students trained,
ticed. Fvom these words sentences Miss Clara Ashton and Mr. P. W. and in this way we get just what we
can be constructed which involve the Clark should attend the Zanerian Col- want.
strokes that are easiest for the child. lege of Penmanship at the same time You will notice how we are putting
In order to make the work interesting and that thereafter they should trod into practice the careful, exacting
antl full of meaning for the children life's path together as Mr. and Mrs. principles we found in use in tlie
practice may be given on the words Clark. ZANERIAN while Mrs. Clark an<l I
and sentences of the difTerent sea'^ons Now these two congenial and enter- were students under your care.
such as: Merry Christ in.is, Happy Ras- prising spirits are achieving note- We have purchased the buildintr
ter, winter, .spring, names of trees, worthy success in conducting the adjoining us so that when the scliool
birds and flowers. From the dilTerent Clark School of Business in Louisville, outgrows the present building we will
movement drills it is a very simple Ky. A recent issue of a local Louis- have more room to expand.
^^J^uUn^ii^^^i(/iua/^ ^ 26

Miss Pauline Gordon is a new com-


mercial teacher in the High School at
3.O. Lisbon Falls, Maine.
Miss Ila G. Gray of Milo, Me., is
teaching commercial subjects in the
Atlantic City, N. J., Business College.
Mr. L. J. Moothart, recently with
Brown's Business College, Moline, 111.,
is a new commercial teacher at Rider
College, Trenton, N. J,
9^,T/h Mr. Lloyd L. Antle, a recent grad-
uate of the School of Commerce of
Ohio University, is now teaching in
the School of Commerce of the
0-.%^. Georgia School of Technology, At-
lanta.
Mr. Roy H. Paynter of Cambridge,
Signatures by R. F. Marshall, penman and supervisor of handwriting, Newcastle, Pa Mass., has recently been elected to
teach business subjects in Northeast-
ern University, School of Engineering,
Boston.

P. A. WESTROPE
P. A. Westrope of Denver, Colo., is
a remarkable penman for a man of his
age, sixty-eight years. His flourished
specimen on this page shows a very
strong, steady line. Some few years
ago we had the pleasure of meeting
Mr. Westrope, and found him not only
an enthusiastic penman but an enthu-
siastic advocate of physical training.
No doubt the strong, steady nerves
which he possesses are due to his
careful way of living.
Mr. Westrope taught penmanship
many years ago, and while he is not
actively engaged in penmanship at
the present time he still keeps in touch
with penmen through THE BUS-
INESS EDUCATOR.
Mr. Westrope has a brother, N. S.
Westrope, Syracuse, N. Y., who is a
fine penman. In fact, he is possibly
the most skillful left-handed penman
in the business today. Mr. Westrope
is happily married and has one grown
daughter.
26 ^ ,^/i^r38uJ//i^U<^^/iu^i/fr- ^
Signatures of Penmen and Teachers of Penmanship
Send your sienaturc written in black ink, or better, a cut of your aignature for this page, which will contain plain and fancy aigna-
torea of men and women who are devoting their time and efforts to better penmanship.

Georgia Normal College, Douglas, Ga


Another Fine Fellow Teaching in Pittsburgh.

One of F. B. Courtney's Famous "Twiste Portland, Ore., one of America's Finest Penmen.

Pitlsburgh, Pa. High School of Commerce, Springfield, M

Director of Hanwriting, Pittsburgh, Pa.

A Skillful Kngro.Hor of Newark, N. J. Youngntown, Ohio, a Well Kno Penman and Teacher

The fineMi tribute we can pay the above penmen is to request more work for our culunins.
(^ f^^r^U^'/l£ii^(^^/iU^l^J 27

r\H5:
aunt i?f trrrfittrsr "f

/ V b--^^ tJinbutc to the incnionr '*^-^ p// -„— .-i]

t^ was itnanintcm5ly adoptaV

£?-
14.<l:fw }fat*ti hi* tvjihAVat A\ii Hir.'ajih Hw Fubli^ S'zhcAi .+' ^poluIru.UL]»ktR^bm.an^ ri^in^ H;>.-t><:c he
I dlru»•aa^c^fr.nn^bcUmycm^t^^4'uJi!>.^v'l!/lnalJ.''a»•hcctv.>^hc Di^rci'i^Uvfrical «£Tij(i««cr."
|^fhcrcafVci-a9*.viaKnjihin3*clKu>iHioari?uni3<iiira; C. IVlwrhj aii»"> »2itice Service i2<rm^nu, "a
1 ^r<Mt yArX cdtAiich lie aws", frem HwiJceforHi. iHc jiu* the firat l?ji.Vt 6nj(iiic«-i*'H7c EWjcr+ji v?i-uiij-
it*j 5ctw»l at Dcnivr. -''•ti au» tlv 6n^i«ccr in tH; loj^s rVpat+mk-rtrf ?hc CVircvr Uj# an* 5l*ctt-ic vSmipans*.
J(|jS Ivcamc >»r C-xamh)hid( 6n5tivwran<> inajj Iv ^aL> ^' ba«>atlicrA''"thc ^rcat iwvUjptixnt cjf<>m- 6m
S'reEKtftrict £lcctriv >3?mpanij ani.in the fillnewijf tmv^M^ i;alU»* b llia>VW< oi'.xir i2»i?jMra»i> (Siirf^jaitvci-.
pTere eanv farther *utiei» anJi hmcun jm> Iw *n-iv>*atf FVeouVmtijt Hte 17ati.7nal iSeetrie Ci^bt A«<»<.'ia -"

I
tion fin- IWI ani \9i.i ant uu^oliwan AetU-e iDember hiajh in the Ck»an<:il»»'fAmerican Uo* Asswetation.
American tflectrii: Kailivatt As^wiati^nj. 5tj« cvcieti^ (»r the Pr.>moti«»n <?f £?n4tneertr)^ Siivcai'ion anAaf
<wur9e,&hel^hert^ (IVn^ Fratermtt^ativ'" avw ao efticer (t Pirect»'r,i(''apa«ri5*i^.nw hursVci c^Jrporatian^.
U
our i'\x&\ QaiiiX 6ngincrr luc ptiiptTliji had an offsdicn.Uke parmtol
for him,and ht5^ub'f qumtrond dc^rrued lununiti* lun-c gur<;lm; aiid pridg.

I j|[.>' avll attempt to paint the Gfjj a'biteurc(il.> ivFine^ivU^oih? manifest i'areyteeni atj<> lore fin-

ke Itatv re^>'ice<> aniM'een cxcee^in^l:^ ^la<> it: h>.< u'if.Vn; jnA rtt^tantperAmalii'^.f^tralu haih^
Weij'A U«>T?p anto oar feet an.*ali4;ht unto i»tirpath. - :^.; ~_-: ;rc-,^r.:<:-r>;-: :^ -5:. :l- : t-_j-.- --

|]tecan$c wc totcnj ttur aHmX of OTirU>$$.ir)c reatt;e tttg profimditg ofonrgritf


|£T(2(^'T7\"'"fJ[T^ i?hjttbi^hat impertecti?ribatctothetT?en*7ra;of
ti?ribatctot tTJilan IwiMMrJ"
*13an7p t-e .^prea.'' ap-'n the KecoriVof Ihi* <3?mpanijani a copij 1<C^
heUecoriVi'
en^rci*«^ .im"" ^ent to Iriy bei-e4it"e.'> tjm(lc( o^^ e.vpre^^ion ot oar mutuul \cis ixii ^u;mpatt3u.
>7We^^i<?noto

:>c^.

m
class piece of modern engrossing and illuminating by J. V. Haring of the J. V. Haring & Son Engrossing Studio of New York City.
28 ^ ^^/u^^3^UJ//i^^^i(/£U^l/h^ ^
LESSONS IN BUSINESS PENMANSHIP
(Continued from Page 9)


Capital "D" The downstroke is similar to that in the four preceding letters, the flat loop to that in Q and L,
while the remainder is exactly similar to 0. It seems a difficult letter but if you will use your eyes carefully, and
criticise your efforts unfailingly, you will master it. Do your best always, and try to improve daily.

a/l^/^yt^o4..~-J^l.^Ct-''7^7'Z--^^


Capital "G" Another letter that presents difficulty. It is composed of two ovals-left and right. The two-
space left oval we find exemplified in the initial stroke, the one-space left ovai in the lounded upper part, and the
right oval in the rounded lower part. The upper loop is slightly more thai one-half ;:.e height of the letter, while
the shoulder rises more than one-half way up. Try to maintain the proper proportions in the several parts. In the
abbreviated G, keep the final stroke on the main slant. You ought to be aM^ co ti.rn out some fine work by now if j
you have followed the instructions closely. I

^.^x?--t^cA^''l,^,.^^

by Rene Guillard, Evanston. 111.

itlliniiiHtnnl^ii|tnii
(Ciuun.'i'iiiig TfiiiiirtTi ptactite.
f

stiiDii anil tlunujlit,- get liiir.g t


ThU •howm how Old Knuliah Irtlcrinii can be retouched and perfected, lie a larirc Soennccken letlerinir pen for the main body strokes. Use n
One pen to rule up the atraisht line, then retouch the ends and connect main strokes.
li^ f^J^u<U/i^Si^^i/iu^i/h^ ^
DESIGNING &
ENGROSSING
E. L, BROWN
Rockland, Me.

The commercial artist and en-


rosser is often called upon to make
pen drawine's for various
en purposes. Of course half-
rawing tone cuts are satisfactory
when printing conditions
e favorable, but line cuts are more
acticable for newspaper advertising,
ationery printed on a common letter
ess and for numerous other pur-
)ses.
Remember drawings prepared for
production must be executed in jet
ack ink for best results; gray lines
ill not reproduce well by the zinc
•ocess. The spray of roses is in-
resting in light and shade effects.
)rrect drawing is the first considera-
)n —
balance and proportions come
;xt in line of importance. Time
ould not be wasted striving for
chnical skill in any medium until a
orough knowledge of drawing is at-
ined.
Make an accurate pencil sketch ba-
nning with the largest rose at top.
itline stocks and leaves carefully,
iggest principal color values in pen-
. The drawing was executed with
Gillott No. 170 pen. Note carefully
rection, thickness and spacing of the
les in the color values. Observe the
riking contrast between the large
se and the dark leaves directly un-
rneath it. It is a good plan to com-
ete the general tones of design first,
Uowing with the "refining process",
ding little touches here and there,
d thickening the lines whei'e the
rkest tones appear. Finally see
at there is a proper relationship be-
'een the highest lights and the dark-
t tones before you call your draw-

? a complete success.

ROBERT TAYLOR
The Business Educator desires to
irn the present whereabouts of Rob-
t Taylor of the Taylor Printing and
iblishing Company, Joplin, Mo., who
vertised in the September and Oc-
ber numbers of The Business Edu-
tor. A number of our readers have
nt remittances to Mr. Taylor and
^ unable to hear from him.

A. J.St. Jean, Penman at Thibo-


Business College, Fall River,
sent us a beautiful hand made
,

iristmas Greeting Card. The card


ntains roundhand script and is hand
rved with flowers and butterflies.
Penmen who can write and cai-ve
ch beautiful Greeting Cards no
ubt find a ready market for their
irk. At least cards of this kind are
jst excellent to carry the Christmas
•eeting and incidentally make fine
vertising.
m

f^^^uJ/'/t^S^<^'dfu^i^r*

TEACHERS
f /fir hoever m\ arc: be uoHc; You are interested in Text-books most satis-
factory to both teacher and pupil. The Byme
Series of Commercial text have won an
viable reputation with some of our larger pri-
vH^^CLIkitcverpou 6d. bo well vate and public schools.
tive price list.
Write for des'

BYRNE PLlBLISHING CO. Dallas. Tex.

lllheueyer voii speak, speak kinblp; "HOW TO S E L L'


The Money Makers' Magazine —"The Main Ed-
to S ful Selling.'* Tells how. when

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is
Puts you in touch with fast-
and hundreds of mano- reliable
facturers — ny of whom require no prevjov
experience Famous contributors "bra^ ;

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HOW TO SELL
Department B. E..

Mount Morris. Illinois.

ALBERT TEACHERS' AGENCY


;

IT
E.
Fifth
Jackson Blvd., Chiraso, III.
Ave, New York City.
Symes Bide.. Denver.
Peyton BIdg., Spokane,
Colo.
Wash. DIPLOMAS MADE TO ORDER
or filled in Old English. Script or Text Lflfc-
Forty-Fir.^t year. have .secured PROMOTION for many thousands
We tering. I do all kinds of work from the lette^

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schools to the making of diplomas for zinc
CO.MMERCIAL BRANCHES. We need well prepared teachews for good etchings or personal use. Circular on requeit.
po^itions in high grade school.-^. Our booklet contains a message for
vfiu. Send for it.

AN ART SUPPLEMENT (Fourteen by Twenty Inches)


312 S. Lorraine WICHITA, KANSAa
Giving actual size patterns for cut-outs and illustrated
directions for construction problems, comes with
THE SOUTHERN SCHOOL JOURNAL,
N E W P O R 1, K Y.
Beginning with January, 1926.
(Send for sample copy.)

AN ORNAMENTAL STYLE. My course Irj

Ornamental Penmanship has helped hundr


become PROFESSIONALS. Send for proof!
There arc many penholders on the market; but the MAGNUSSON PROFES- Your name on cards. (si.\ styles) if you sena
SIONAL is the only penholder that has won its rep\itation on its own merit for 10c. A. P. MEUB, Expert Penman, 2365 tH*\
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tessfiilly v.ith
for the brand). The A. "Magnusson Professional" hand turned holders are adjusted especially
for penmanship. 8 inch plain, each 35c: 8 inch inlaid, 75c; 12 inch plain, 7Bc; 12 inch
inlaid, $1.35.

A. MAGNUSSON, 208 N. 5th STREET, QUINCY, ILL. EDWARD C. MILLS


Script Specialists

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TERING with our improved Lettcrinpr Pens. MANY STUDENTS ARE ENABLED TO CON- for the engraver. Send copy for estimate.
TINUE THEIR STUDIES THROUGH THE COMPENSATION RECEIVED BY LETTERING
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The Ne vton Automatic Shadins Pen Company Dcpt. B PONTIAC, MICH.. U. S. A.

MEUBS PROFESSIONAL OBLIQUE PENHOLDERS


Are being used by the
Hnuth „
finest penmen of the country.
Rlan>.Kar,l I.,.ai;..
Heath. Blanch
such mi-n as Ix'h —
id T^ll.,..
or,,!
the man ...l.:.
Tolley. •! _
who docs all the p(
.1 .. i . . '

for President and M Cofjlidge. LEARN ENGROSSINQ


You will do betl ixnmanship with one of my Professional Obliques. Try one. and be
ronvinred. in your spare time at horr

H
I adju.«t rh holder so that it makes true, clear-rut shades. My holders arc
ma.le of expensive, ii ported woods from Africa, .Snulh America, and Mexico— rosewood, Thirty Lesson PlalcR a'

palm, manzanita, lulir i«)d, cb<iny, teakwood. and beautifully inlaid with bits of Ivory. No Printed Instructions m.iil
holder made to e<]uai ii. to any atldrcaa nr: p. r-. t; :

The cost is Jl.BO, nnd well worth the price. You do not need to send money, Simply two dollnrs. Ca ' i

write that you wish to try one. and you can pay the postr""" «,u«« :» i. j_i:
Money Order.
'hen it Is delivered to you
1 ,

p. W. CO.-^'l Mid
A. P. MEUB, Expert Penman Engrosser. Illuminal..r nr
;3f.:, MAH ista a\ Oesigncr
\ i
ASADKNA.CALII-OUNIA. Srranlon Real Eslate BUI,
SCBANTON, PA.
t^^^/%i/>/^>^^^5<*?^;^ ^ 31

TEACHERS WE PLAGE YOU IN THE BETTER


POSITIONS
only Normal and College Graduates
BRANCH OFFICES:
Minneapolis, Minn. Kansas City, Mo.

LumBtf Eicbanee Rlaim BIdg.

Catalog and Samples Free WE NEED


HOWARD & BROWN Tlu-ee of special qualifications for high-grade private commercial schools, at about
men
and we c m
place two or three degree —
men even though not of long experience—
ROCKLAND. MAINE. S3. 0(10 ;

One of our young men has just been engaged


in high school wo k at from $2,000 to $2,200.
as an assistant in the School of Commerce of the famous Southern technical school, Georgia
Institute of Techn ology. Atlanta. May we help you?
Mailing Lists THE NATIONAL COMMERCIAL TEACHERS
E. E. GAYLORD. Mgr.. Prospect
AGENCY.
Hill.
(A Specialty by s Specialist)
Beverly. Mass.

LARGEST TEACHER PLACEMENT WORK IN THE U. S.

Under One Management, Direction of E. E. Dip.


28 E. Jackson Blvd., Chicago
WANTED FISK TEACHERS AGENCY, 28 E. Jackson Blvd.. Chicago. For many years a leader.
Josition with a reliable Business College by a
Largest of the Fisk Agencies. Recently doubled its space. Incorporated in 1916.
n of many years experience along the lines NATIONAL TEACHERS AGENCY. Southern Building. Washington. Affiliated offices
commercial education, as school manager. widely scattered.
man. general all-round commercial
'Ivertising AMERICAN COLLEGE BUREAU, Chicago Temple. Chicago; 1256 Amsterdam Ave.. New-
phool assistant or solicitor. Best references York. College work only. Operates on a cost basis.
EDUCATION SERVICE. 811-823 Steger Building. Chicago; 1256 Amsterdam Ave.. New
jrnished and required. Address Action, care
York. Public school work a specialty, including teaching, c nd administrati-
Educator, Columbus, Ohio.
positions.
you attend the meeting of the Department of Superintendence at Washington. Feb
Home Study —Free Tuition If
come to see us at our Booth No. SO, a few steps from the registrat desk.

^!igh School. Normal, Business, Law, Civil


f-ervice. Engineering, Drawing. Donaestic
cience. Salesmanship and Collegiate courses
I

rioroughly taught by mail. Tj'pewriting course POSITIONS FOR TEACHERS-


BUSINESS COLLEGES FOR SALE
*ee of tuition.
Apply, Carnegie College, Rogers, Ohio.
h

Splendid salaries, choice positions, beginning and expe ..v..iced —


teache..,
making business
Business college for sale in south central Write for free literature state qualifications briefly, Money
•rritory. Wonderful climate. Will net man
;

colleges for sale. Write for particulars —


no charge.
nd wife $5,000 if properly managed. Costs Address M. S. COLE, Sec'y
^9 than this and lessthan inventory. Ad- MARION, IND.
Jress Box 580. care The Business Educator. CO-OPERATIVE INSTRUCTORS' ASS'N, 41 Cole Bldg.,
^folumbus, Ohio.

^OR SALE— Good, Small Western


i
School, Address Box 581, care The Commercial Teachers Placed By Us In
^ Business Educator, Columbus, Ohio.
Twenty-nine States This Season!
During the past several months we have sent commercial teachers to 29 dif-
ferent states— 16 to New Jersey 17 to North Carolina 16 to Pennsylvania
; ; ;

8 to Mississippi; 15 to West Virginia: 10 to Kentucky: 7 to Florida: 11 to


Virginia : 7 to South Carolina, etc. Second semester high school openings
will be coming in soon. We have good business college vacancies on file now.
If you are interested in a commercial teaching position, write us for an en-
rollment blank.

CONTINENTAL TEACHER S' AGENCY


BOWLING GREEN. KENTUCKY.

GET THIS SERVICE more tiian fifty magazines,


Space in
methods, and contact with
direct
15,000 members, keeps us in touch with leading schools and
colleges. Commercial teachers are in demand. If on our list,
POLK'S REFERENCE BOOK
FOR DIRECT MAIL ADVERTISERS you won't miss the good openings. Write for details.
Shows how increase your business by
to
the use of Direct Mail Advertising. 60 paces
full of vital business facts an.i figures. 'Who.
where and how many prospects you have.
Over 8,000 lines of business covered.
"Write for your FREE copy.
[Specialists' Educational Bureau
R. L. POLK & CO., Detroit, Mich. Robert A. Grant, President, Odeon Bldg., St. Louis, Mo.
307 POLK BUILDING
Brancbei in principal cities of V. S.
: :

32 ^ MJ3^uJ^ne^£^^iu^r- ^
(Continued from page 23) GREGG TEACHERS DISCUSS
«eem that
those who
standard would be reasonable and adequate and sufficiently high to safeguard
this
did not quite reach it. Therefore, it is recommended that quality 70 on the Ayres
NEW YORK SYLL.4BUS
Measuring Scale for Handwriting (Gettysburg Edition) be set as the finishing standard for the Sentiment
favorable to the new
vocational training of our commercial students to be attained by the end of the 8-B or 9-B term.
In the senior high schools, tests in handwriting should be conducted regularly and the com- New York State commercial syllabus
mercial student who falls below quality 70 on two successive tests should be required to make developed the New Y'ork City
at
up this deficiency. That quality 70 is not high for elementary teachers is evident from Table Gregg Shorthand Teachers' Associa-
VI which shows that their average is 68.8. Moreover, over 55% of them wrote at this quality tion recent meeting.
and above, up to quality 90. In view of the fact, that they are teachers of this subject, writing All commercial
copies for imitation, it does not seem unreasonable to expect them to write as well as quality teachers present were very enthusias-
85 on the Ayres Scale, .ining devolves upon normal school and teacher-training tic in voicing their approval of the
classes.
Other Facts Gleaned From the Questionnaires new Syllabus.
Importance attached to good writing. —
Many interesting answers were received to question Mr. Martin J. Duprow, the World's
2, relative to the degree of importance attached to good writing. Practically all agreed that Champion Shorthand Writer was
good writing is very necessary and that poor writing and figure making resulted in a great
waste of time and money. Many executives and employment managers said they would not present at this meeting and gave a
consider the applications of very poor writers for positions in which writing was required. From short address following which he gave
the handwritten applications such traits of character are read as neatness, carefulness, atten- a demonstration of expert shorthand
tion to details, orderliness of mind, etc. as one manager remarked, "How can an orderly and
:

methodical mind produce disorderly and slovenly papers !*' All considered it a reflection on writing. Using a piece of chalk and
their firms to send out illegible or poor writing. The executive of one large concern said that a blackboard he wrote at the contest
he employed no person in any capacity who could not read or write because of a possible shift speeds of 200, 240 and 280 words a
in work and the promotional scheme which was used. Several firms give tests to their pros-
pective employees and for promotional purposes to their employees in senice. The quality and minute. The matter was read back
speed of penmanship is one of the subjects usually rated. It was a common comment that writ- with absolute accuracy, checked by
ing must be legible and sightly. Many executives deplored the fact of the illegible signatures members of the audience.
on letters received and occasionally remarked that the handwriting of today is inferior to that
of some years ago. The manager of a large department store said that his clerks were required A
business meeting followed and
to print the first letter of the customers' names on the sales slips in order to make them more the officers for the coming year
legible. Plain, compact writing and reasonably small, legible and neat figures were repeatedly elected
emphasized by railroad officials. .\s a result of several conferences between the author and
railroad officials, the Pennsylvania Railroad System has standardized its figures in accordance President:
with the Philadelphia Standard Figures which were prepared by the writer. They have already Mr. Ralph H. Baker, Yonkers
sent out copies of these figures and .i2.000 clerks, as well as the entire auditing department.
will eventually be reached. At this writing, other important concerns are also considering the High School of Commerce.
standardization of their figure making. That this will make for efficiency is plainly evident. Vice-Presidents:
In the Philadelphia Municipal Civil Service examinations for clerk and bookkeeper, pen-
manship has a weight of 1.5 points on a possible 10 points. The chief examiner said that where Miss Ethel Norris, High Sschool,
the position required no writing at all. this subject is not considered in the rating. In all other Roselle, N. J.
cases the applicant must write at least legibly. Penman.ihip is rated in the United States Civil

Service examinations First Grade (Clerical), Second Grade. Third Grade. Bookkeeper. Short- Mr. Max Scheinbach, Central
hand and Typist. Clerk-Carrier. Postoffice Service, etc. It usually has a weight of 20 points Com'l Continuation Sch., N. \.
on a possible 100 points. The following quotation taken from their announcements should be Mr. Herman C. Wolf, William H.
interesting
"PENMANSHIP. The rating on penmanship will be determined by legibility, rapidity, Seward High School, N. Y.
neatness, and general appearance, and by correctness and uniformity in the formation of words,
letters, and punctuation marks. No particular style of penmanship is preferred." Secretary-Treasurer:

This is truly a machine age the typewriter has superceded the pen wherever possible. Other
machines too numerous to mention are being used to save or to lessen human effort. Never-
Mr. A. A. Bowie, New York City
theless, we have already seen that the business and social worlds are still in great need of good
penmanship. This dpmind is again emphasized in the summary of the answers to question 3. LEARN POLICY ENGROSSING at a live and

Extent to which handwriting is used in business. (Question 3 proved to be quite difficult.
The proportion of hand and machine writing varies with different tyi>es of business and in
live price, and EARN a GOOD S.\L.\RY.
let
The COURSE of TWELVE LESSONS that I
different departments of the sam^ concern. In the case of telephone girls, retail sales clerks and givein ENGRAVER'S SCRIPT and POLICY
hand addressers it was 100 per cent handwork. In the divisions concerned with the auditing WRITING will prepare you to do the work.
of waybills, using the Hollerith System, very little handwriting was done except for the inser-- My ACTUAL EXPERIENCE of over
tion of figures in prepared forms. In other departments both hand and machine writing were TWELVE YEARS as POLICY WRITER en-
used. Summarizing the estimates of all the executires for every department of their organiza- ables me to give guaranteed satisfaction.
tions, it was found to be divided almost equally between handwriting and machine writing.
Under handwriting was included the making of figures, while machine writing did not include
the ordinary business letters sent out by the firms.
Importance of speed in writing.-—Question 4 dealt with the speed necessary for writing and

considered it under three types rapid, moderate and slow. It was generally agreed that speed
In writing was an important element to be considered. The amount of speed required was
found to \-ary with the job. A rapid speed was found necessary for telephone girls in railroad
;

auditing on timed reports. ps|iecially to foreign roads; for platform wayhillers in order to ex-
press on certain trains: in mail order hous»s for filling orders, all of which are schedule<l ; vn 501 Pleasant St.. HAMMONTON. New Jersey.
money order department of the postoffice; and at rush times
noderate rate of speed was entirely
the great majority of
adequate, especially for accounting w writing was condemned as being CARDWRITERS' SUPPLIES
a waste of t-me and mo-iry. INK— (Very Best)— Snow White. 1.5c per bot-
Comparative amount.s of pen rtd
; pencil writing.— Answers to question .1 brought out the tle: Gloss Black. 20c; Gold. 20c; Silver. 20c.
facts that the pencil is used far n )re for writing than one might expect and that a consider-
able amount of this work consists i the making of figures. Telephone girls use the pencil for
BLANK CARDS — Lodge Emblem: Tinted;
Comic Linen
; and Kid finished White.
all of their writing; in depar'mon s'ores all sales slips. deli\'ery department sheets and tran- Samples. 10c,
sient. temporary record! pencil in printing the indelible pencil is used for all proof-
;

reader's marks. In some divisions of the express and railroad business the pencil is use<l almost CARD CASES—Bookform. 50c per dozen.
exclusively for auditing reports and making carbon copies. On the other hand, such types of Leather-Aluminum $2.85 per doz. Sample 25c.
business as banking, and insurance use pen and ink for the great majority of their writing. F. N. LAWRENCE PORTLAND. INDIANA
The general summary of all the writing showed that the pencil was used for 55^^ and the pen
for 4.^0^ of the work. The great amount of pencil writing done in business, especially in the
making of figures, should suggest to the teacher the importance of careful and thorough drill
Learn PENMANSHIP By Mail
Business Writing a Specialty. Send for Cir-
on the figures and the insistence that pupils shall rewrite their papers in arithmetic and all cular. Up-to-date Visiting Cards 35c Doi.
other subjects, whether written with pen or pencil, when these papers indicate clearly that they
w-ere prepared in a careless or indifferent manner.
Standards Should Be Accurate
As stated at the beginning of this survey, standards of attainment should be both reason-
able and adequate. They should also he accurate since the individual pupil is to be rated and
promoted by them and the efficiency of teachers and methods of teaching are to be judged ac-
cordingly. The expenditure of additional time and energy, after a reasonable degree of ntlnin-
ment has been reached, does not result in a proportionate gain in efficiency. "Thus does the
law of diminishing returns in practice assert itself. It is clearly a case of waste in education 306 Boyle Ave.. NEW CASTLE. PA.
to require the pupils to reach standards of excellence lieyond those which are rea.sonable and
adequate.^ Indeed, there is some justification for the promotion of pupils to a higher class in
handwriting when they reach their grade stnn<lnrd. and exempting them from further writing HANDWRITING EXPERT. Script for Pub- '

lessons when they attain and maintain the finishing standards. lishers. Diplomas made and filled.Resolution! |
Engrossed. Skillfully written cards

^^
3.5c d.
'
How the Philadelphia Standards Werv Determined |

Following the determination of finishing standards in handwriting to meet the need for
both social correspondence (non-vocational) and vocational i>virposes, the problem became one of
fixing standards for the different grades with the ultimate or finishing standards in mind. The /;
tim- allotment for handwriting in Philadelphia is reasonable, averaging about fifteen minutes
daily, and the teaching of handwriting in the schools is supervised. Many specimens from the
^y^^
various grades were carefully selected and scored and the following standards were established:
(To B« Continued) 1764 Noble Rd. CLEVELAND, O.
f^J^^uJ/'/i^^^duai/h^ ^ s»

BOOK REVIEWS French in Commerce, by Jean J. La-


bat, Professor of French, School of
well as to materials, equipment,
sumers* goods of tangible nature.
and con-
The first part of the book consists of a more
Our readers are interested in books of merit. Foreign Service, Georgetown Uni- detailed analysis of personal selling processes
but especially in books of interest and value versity; formerly of the French Em- as applied to buyers in general, and is adapted
including books of to practically all classes of buyers. The sec-
* to commercial teachers, bassy. Published by A. W. Shaw
special educational value and books on busi- ond part of the book deals with the problems
. ness subjects. All such books will be briefly Company ( Chicago. Cloth cover, 241 and relationships of the salesman and his em-
. reviewed in these columns, the object being to pages. ployer in the direction of personal selling as a
^ give sufficient description of each to enable business activity.
If your business is reaching into any for-
- our readers to determine its value. eign countries, "French in Commerce," will
be of interest to you. Based on wide experi- Business Organization and Manage-
Gresg Shorthand Junior Manual, by ence in exporting, in teaching commercial ment, by Henrv P. Button. Pub-
John Robert Gregg. Gregg Pub, Co,, French, you will find that it affords a broad,
lished by the A. W. Shaw Co., Chi-
working know^ledge of modern French in busi-
New York. Cloth cover. 168 pages. ness. Moreover, it gives you an intimate in- cago, Cloth cover, 545 pages.
' This presentation of shorthand is. as Mr. sight into the habits, customs, and methods
Gregg says, "evolutionary and revolutionai-y." Business Organization and Management
J
of doing business abroad. For example, a deals with business primarily from the stand-
.^ There are many innovations in the way in score of business letters in French form the
".
which the subject is presented, such as pre- point of procedure rather than of organization
skeleton of the books. Each is a typical busi- theory.
-'
sen tine long-hand movement exercises first. ness letter regarding an important article of
It is the belief of the author that an
adequate knowledge of business practice and
J
-
and then shorthand characters written with
the same motion giving as illustrations of
;

Franco-American trade a specific commercial
transaction. The correct usage of language,
a clear idea of the results to be secured should
principles, and as examples for practice, words precede the study of organization theory. Mr.
grammatical rules, commercial terms, foreign Dutton's practical business experience gained
- most frequently used, as shown in recent in- weights, measures, methods of payment, ship-
vestigations of spelling and presenting out- in successfully conducting his own manufac-
; :
ment, and so on, are brought out clearly. turing business no doubt largely restrained the
. lines first, and then the rule governing.
"Only the fundamental principles of the temptation to theorize.
sytsem are presented in the Junior Manual." Retail Accounting and Control, by Al- Starting with a consideration of business as
\ The omissions are those contracting principles bert C. Hodge. Published by the a whole, of its relation to other human activi-
. that apply to only a small number of words ties, and of its own internal organization as
in common use. The book is designed to be University of Chicago Press, Chi- a social economic unit, the author next takes
covered in a year, with only three recitations cago, Illinois. Cloth cover, 545 up the typical activities of a business and the
each week. part played by scientific management as a
pages. general method of approach to business prob-
"The Junior Manual is intended for use in
-
Junior High Schools, or where an intensive —
Here is a new book the only one to con- —
lems the method of science in business.
course with a non-vocational a:m is desired." sider records, forms and procedures in col-
The aim of such study if to be "exploratory." lecting informationfor the control of a re-
to "develop a knowledge of the student's apti- tail business— that will be of practical assist- THE COMMERCIAL CLUB
tude to learn shorthand but which at the same ance to the management in its efforts to get
time would give a shorthand writing ability operations performed quickly and economically. Atlantic City, New Jersey
that would ofbe practical value to him It is a complete discussion of the problems

i
throughout his lifetime." of the —
department store the typical retail
A commercial Club has been formed
Will shorthand ever be widely used "for business. Planning and conducting merchan-
the rapid expression of thought, making notes dising activities, handling the customer, financ- from the various extra-curricula stu-
. on personal matters, notes in conferences or ing, obtaining the records needed for control, dent bodies in the commercial depart-
at lectures, extracts from books, drafting maintaining the plant and equipment, manag-
documents, recording telephone messages, keep- —
ing the personnel each offers special difficul- ment of the Atlantic City High School.
ing diaries, and a hundred other uses," where ties, and Mr. Hodge
has analyzed them all. The Delta Alpha Mu, Rapid Cal-
"longhand is altogether too cumbersome and bringing to light the underlying principles of culators, Commercial Law Club, Better
laborious for the age in which we live?" Most management. There is a chapter for each di-
shoi-thand authors have had in mind such uni- vision of the retail structure from the cashier's Typists, and Stenographic Club func-
versal use of shorthand. Yet many of us who office to the shipping room. tion individually; but collectively they
know shorthand do not make use of it in form the Commercial Club.
these ways.
:

For this there may be two reasons First. :


Financing a Business, by Joseph M. The student officers are:
we have learned shorthand comparatively late Regan. Published by LaSalle Exten-
in our lives, so that we cannot use it as "nat- sion University, Chicago. Flexible President Raymond Stuart
urally" as longhand. Its use interferes with
binding, 362 pages.
Vice President Frank Finch
our thinking more than does the use of long- Secretary Treasurer Mildred Mack
hand, so when we are composing original mat- This book is not an abstract treatise on
ter we find it easier to use longhand than finance, but is rather a presentation of sound Corresponding Secretary .Julia Wilson
shorthand. and dependable methods based on exhaustive The school is occupying a new
Second, we have never practiced writing research that will assist the business man to $2,000,000 building within a block of
shorthand without the stimulus of the spoken a fuller understanding of the financial side of
word, and therefore cannot write it readily his business and at the same time enable him the ocean and the world famous board-
except when taking dictation. to simplify the problems and to avoid the pit- walk. Broadcasting station WPG
is
The purpose of the Junior Manua! is to falls that are arising constantly. located in this High School and in the
provide a text which may be used by younger No matter how big or how little a business
pupils, and which will give them such a com- may be, a concise knowledge of its financial auditorium is to be found the largest
mand of shorthand as to enable them' to use requirements will contribute directly to its in- pipe-organ in the world.
it for many of the purposes for which most come. It is important, therefore, to control
of us use longhand. There is no question but every financial tendency in order that the busi- Mr. Henry P. Miller is the principal
that such an every-day u-e of shorthand by ness may be safeguarded and profits sustained. of this school and Mr. M. H. Bigelow
the great majority of people would result in You will find described many plans that can is principal of the Commercial Depart-
an enormous saving of time; and when this be fitted easily to your own needs. Your busi-
ment. These men are assisted in their
.

is fully appreciated by educational authorities ness, no matter what it may be. is not differ-
shorthand will be recommended to every stu- ent, because underlying all business are cer- work bv the following teachers:
dent above the sixth grade, and made a re- tain fundamental principles which can be
adapted to distinct individual requirements.
George E. Hess, F. F. Pvle, Miss
quirement for entrance to college.
Mabel E Betz, Mrs. A. 0. Frazee,
Credit Analysis, by W. C. Schluter, Principles of Personal Sellina:, bv
Miss Jane E, Moore, R. G. Cowles,
Harry R. Tosdal, Ph. D. Published F. G. Dietrich, Charles Robart, W. R.
Published bv Prentice-Hall, Inc.,
Curtis, L O. Clime, Thomas Sullivan
New York City, N. Y. Cloth cover, by A. W. Shaw Company, Chicago.
439 pages. Cloth cover, 753 pages. and E. E. Hippensteel.
This book makes clear the methods and In submitting a new work dealing with
factors which a credit man to accept
cause personal selling, any writer is on the defen-
or reject credit to a buyer. It explains the sive. So much has been written, both in books Miss Georgianna Williams, for the
relationship between credit risks and business and the periodical press, that it would seem last few years commercial teacher
conditions. It also shows how to analyze credit that the field is already fully occupied. Un- in the Amesbury, Mass., High School,
risks from interchange reports, financial state- fortuantely few works have been undertaken
ments, and from neglected "elements on from the viewpoint of attempting to recon- is now head of the Commercial
credit." cile sound economics with practical business Denartment of the High School at
procedure. Dalton, Mass.
Personal selling is esentially an economic
Analysis of Financial Statements, by activity, directed, therefore, toward the satis- Mr. George Dorsey of Pitt,sburgh is
H. G Guthmann. Published bv Pren- faction of economic wants. The personal sell-
a new commercial teacher with the
tice-Hall, Inc., New York City, N. ing which effectively serves those wants is
socially and economically desirable. In the Douglas Business College, McKeesport,
Y. Cloth cover, 454 pages. approach to the subject, therefore, a study of Pa.
This book is a comiilete guide, explaining wants and their nature has been taken up,
how the facts presented in a financial state- followed by discussions of both buyers and »E. N. Beebe of Pittsburgh and M. R.
ment may be easily and fully interpreted. It sellers in their efforts to satisfy wants through Daley of Detroit are two new com-
illustrated by specific statements drawn personal selling effort. The general principles
is
from the industrial, mercantile, public service developed in such analyses apply to intang^ble
mercial teachers in the State Normal
and financial fields. products such as insurance or securities as School at Indiana, Pa.

I
j

34 .^^^uj//i£^^''<(/u^'i^?^ ^
Va

(offeu.pirmCrnerali
J If ^
.^
[pqnthc^llth/ffinii ; 01 qi'iir
Iwlu' Pru'st all^ the 3Srli tiimii'frsoru
rilinatio
111

ijoiif i'lWtiiralC' of c^l . RiVi't Cii iu\Ki-"jr!'''iuiilo.


\\ is riio pli'iisiin' anJ> prii'ilwic of llio priests luho
drtimCiirhomXilc js birthpliuv or Hicirhcum'.^

its
tlicir
iinMhcuru'steuihohinic aiiVi i)oii ii? oseLstont- r

Diuiiotsof 5t Uiiivswiioii\)iiliiiii to rciu'iu to iKni


Tlii'irtofconsofaftcchononSto altc'mptj?omcc.v-^
HARRY KUBESH *

^y prcssioii of tlu'ii' apprcf ialion of ijcur prio:?(lij dior- Mr. Kubesh entered the teaching
oraniiofuournotiibloscniia^ in the ^^•;llll^'u" O.o.'.'so as profession a few years before the war.
rol,ir>j to PishopOTMrallistiir.if^t.iu'SCS; Previous to taking a commercial
course his penmanship showed the
liPiitlii' tiuciitii flliI^ ^du of ^Iiiqust, ^25, thciiouonlij-thirii annii>cisQri| of poorest grade on his Teachers' Cer-
iioiir birth. dt omcctiiiaof fhcpricSts.uic.thcuiuVrsiiint'^iit'nsit'lcof Hu- tificate. Fortunately he came under
AamrflTistiLp;thathaR•tbranhd(trtntllrqOi^lccilli(l|t•llllc^^u^l|Olltopn^¥ts the instruction of Frank A. Krupp of
iih> Pi-oplf. amniKint of the mental aainicnanj pmiiiMicc which houc atwiiipun the Inter-State Business College,
il•^ tno5ci|i\iw of labor in (Jhriftiiliini'i|ar^n'mcmborina
the charity iiiuvri>diu^
Fargo, N. Dak., who aroused in Mr.
'inicti u'hich has boon aluiat(s a pro3ominant iiirtiic, lucrci'iiihi appoiiitoil to a- Kubesh a desire to improve his pen-
prcss to 1)011 injnu'lhinq of the cikan, thcrisp«t anti the loi'f in uiTiich the 0.
^
wa^mmmtimimmmieaa manship. Under Mr. Krupp's instruc-
iVSi'uii.i thi' L'oiiiiri'aiUioii of ^t.Koso holi>s ijoii.
tion he greatly improved his business
Jr;"M.;' chose iiou to be an alieri^iristus.measmv to uouiminij
t hris^ mho penmanship and was encouraged to
ti\!ppu moments in the near of iiour GoliVii Jubilee. CCm\ r->e linlilm ihe burdens
uihcn...^ take up other lines of pen work.
of iwiiri^iAness, aftJ if it is Bjsipil! maulje restore iiou toheonh.anO
>e(ith^siiniiiiong comes mag Pe take i|oii unto l^imsdfiuith the eonsolmquH'ros During the summer he wrote cards
(luqe 5eriie bone ot fiiV'lis'intra in iiiuitiuini_Doinim tui.Maai^Bnni to defray expenses while attending
liieran oanhs Patrick eaiuIcqAl:ifli.willofqli|. fihamasilemarJJi'hnillomson.
business college in the winter. After
I
illarhn tPrriqanCIillinin Oisloinnirfuiei.Cottus v'tios.r.ei'Mioin,
iliflttheu'L'Olaiii*. completing his commercial course he
-llousiusPaulan.lphii L'umin uIflttfr^"'Orman.iohn LouqhMnJ.ihiK^Uoiiiirllt proceeded to the Zanerian in 1917 to
r<urhe Oeorqe
tOuiorD IHirhc L.eorqe Uixon. .lohn "holmes:
Oi,von. ;iotin
"
.^ohn OkCabc
nomies. .'onn ohn
.licvaoc .lonn^' -em
!eill J I kw continue the study of penmanship and
' "
James " .-"--
T7iu5sic.;'os.cl'ei.>ranai)h(ii)ii;iclil- OUourfteM
Tie
Tienni Burke Pati-rrljDiirkan engrossing.
eijhqrti's Oirroll vTiarlcs cfek Paul Kelli). ehiis;llc<:.orirh|FrankOumii fw Mr. Kubesh is now teaching in the
ni^B^ "lanies i
Flunn
Flqnn
'libr-on
tUqrim K'inq
dlartin ICinq ;iiisfplnllrn.uqh^lm.^ctiinimolJMB
;iiisfpln
;v'duraenI)LqrBin.''qme» inoftitt
Montana Schools where his salary is
'^ -
tHilliiim 5tiermnn_^ gradually increasing.
."lohn illhite^ On one of his card writing tours
he met the noted and skillful penman,
E. L. Click, of Spokane, Wash., who
gave Mr. Kubesh a lot of inspiration
and encouragement.
.According to his reports he has
made as much as from .$20 00 to
A beautiful pi< by P. W. Coslcllo, Sc nton. Pa. $.30.00 a day at State and County
Fairs writing cards.
A VERY FINK S( HOOL ( ATALOG stands smiling with his hand extended Aside from being a penman and
One of the Rreatest achievements in ready to greet you; surely a most show card writer he also possesses
catalog buililinp that we have seen for effective invitation to visit him. musical talent, playing a violin, cor-
a long time is the album-like catalog But to adequately describe the net and piano.
being sent out from Wilson's Modern catalog would take too much space, He states that the time and money
Business College, Seattle, Wash., of so we advise all persons interested in spent practicing penmanship, engro.ss-
which Juflson P. Wilson is founder a very fine and unique piece of school ing and card writing is the most valu-
and president. advertising literature to secure a copy able investment he has ever made. He
from Mr. Wilson. Surely it is worth also states that he uses the BUSI-
It would be difficult to suggest im-
provomoiit in the paper, printing or a $1.00 if it is worth a cent, and we NESS EDUCATOR in his penman-
would suggest enclosing that amount. ship classes and is a great admirer
binding, and Mr. Wilson surely knows
The postage alone on the copy we of the masterful specimens of pen-
how to grip one's attention with an manship and engrossing and inspiring
attractive title and cover and then received was 14c.
articles which appear in it from
hold it with interesting information
month to month.
and illustrations until the very end
Mrl Kubesh is of Bohemian descent
is reached. It is most appropriately
and is a very industrious young man
entitled "Achievement."
Each copy is autographed with Mr.
Wilson's well-written personal sig- H. E. -Mvis, for several years witf !

nature, (not photoengraved), and not- the Madison, Wis., College, is now
withstanding the fact that he has teaching commercial work in Gatef
conducted the school for thirty-one Business College, Waterloo, Iowa.
years he still swings the pen with the LEARN AT HOME DURING SPARE TIME Mr. William H. Valentine of Bos-
skill of a professional penman. Write for book, "llnw to Hecomc a Good Pen- ton is the new head of the commer-
j

Then follows a page showing a full man." and beautiful specimens. Free. Your j

name nn card if you enclose stamp. F. W. cial work at the Central Village j

view half-tone of Mr. Wilson who TAMBLYN. 40S Ridge Bids.. Kansu City, M*. Conn., High School. I
>

^ ^^^f^uJ/jt^4/^((/iu^i/h^ S6

KARAM SHORTHAND A Magazine of ART,


IN 30 TO 60
KARAM SHORTHAND
,s efficient, practical, speedy

jlest system ever devised.


DAYS

—the sim-
Of? interesting,
NATURE, SCIENCE,
Mental.
Physical
Culture.
CLEAN, educational,
helpful.
Roto-prmt. BEAUTIFULLY and profusely illustrated Draw-
ings, paintings and Lense-art photo reproductions of BIRDS,
Moral and

ANIMALS, DESIGNS, SCENERY, LETTERING, CAR-


CORRESPONDENCE COURSE TOONS, COMICS and THE HUMAN FIGURE. Lessons in
Both Shorthand and Typewriting Art and Photography, composition, retouching, etc. Amateur
successfully taught by mail.
contests, cash art assignments. For ART and NATURE
lovers. Correspondence and High School Art Students in
Write for full information. Designing, Illustrating, Cartooning, Comic Drawing and
Chalf-lalking. Photographers, Photo-takers, Signwriters, Amateur Writers
KARAM CORPORATION and Poets. Nothing in it that a child should not see or read. Stands for
The Body Beautiful, Mind Intellectual. Soul Intuitional, a sane and pro-
117 '/z West Second Street gressive philosophy of living and of life. DIFFERENT. Nothing like it.
OKLAHOMA CITY, OKLA. Can't be described, must be seen. Send now. with S2.50 for a yearly sub.
with $1 for a 4 mo. Trial Sub. big back
ART AND LIFE, DEPT. 2597, Kalamazoo, Mich.

OUR ILLUSTRATED CATALOG


WANTED TO BUY—Small school
in the East. Address Box 578, care
of fine penmanship supplies and publications Business Eilucator, Columbus, Ohio
sent you free for the asking. You
LEATHER COVERS will be
should see ours before buying elsewhere.
For TO TOUCH TYPEWRITING
Resolutions THE ZANER-BLOSER CO.
Columbus, Ohio. VIA GUIDE KEY CROWNS,
Flexible S'/zxT'/g $44.00
"Flexible 61/2x81/2 5.50
THE FAR BETTER WAY
M. SCOUGALE, Weatherford, Texas

BEST MADE
^^^^^__^_^
?2 with
justed.
dip
$l.aO
set
with
and
three
ad-

not set. R. C. KING, 701 Met. Life Bldg., THE AMERICAN PENMAN
Minneapolis. America's Handwriting Masrazine
Devot«d to Penmanship and Commercial
HAVE YOU SEEN THE Education
Personal Stationery Contains Lessons in
lOOD JOURNAL OF COMMERCIAL Business Writing
Accounting
^iigh grade clear, white bond pa- '
')er — unusually
smooth writing
/ EDUCATION? Ornamental Writing
(formerly the Stenographer & Lettering
lurface. Size 6x7 inches with en-
Phonographic World) Engrossing
/elopes to match, all printed withL
.lame and address in rich dark
A monthly magazine covering: all depart- Articles on the Teaching and
ments of Commercial Education. Supervision of Penmanship.
blue ink as shown.
SHEETS— 100 ENVELOPES Strong departments presided over by well-
200 Yearly subscription price $1.25. Special
send only $1 for full box of this delightful known teachers for those who teach any club rates to schools and teachers. Sample
branch of commercial education, including
,itationery. (West of Denver and outside U. S. copies sent on request.
business administration, accountancy, and
Jl.lO). We
prepay postage and guarantee sat-
court reporting, THE AMERICAN PENMAN
Sent C. O. D. if desired.
isfaction. BMklet
Samples Free! Agents Wanted. ART THE ONLY MAGAZINE OF ITS 55 Fifth Avenue NEW YORK
STATIONERY CO., 1530 Taft Rd. A, Cinn., O. KIND PUBLISHED
Single copy 15c. Annual aabscription $1.50
Send for Sample Copy.
PART OF A LETTER FROM JOURNAL OF COMMERCIAL EDUCATION
PROFESSOR PROW ELL 44 N. 4th St. PHILADELPHLA. PA.

.
*'The Diplomas you
ippropriately artistic in
inusual skill in their execution.
Gillott's Pens
. "I feel confident that any one desiring work The Most Perfect of Pens
lone in your chosen profession, will find it
(reatly to his advantage to get in touch with
rou before placing an order elsewhere.
"I need not assure you that you have ray
rery best wishes for that measure of success
It your professional endeavor which your
eminent skill so justly merits."
'
Mr. Myers completed a two years' Profes-
sional Course of Fine Art Engrossing under
the personal instruction of Samuel C. Malone. oJpecial anen^ion given,
>ne of America's most famous and successful
Artist Penmen, Heraldic. Genealogical and io reproduclHon. ofScnpi
Handwriting Experts of the present age.
A
Diploma, duly awarded to him upon the
and Penmanship Copies
Wmpletion of his Professional Course, is a
iine testimonial by Mr. Malone, in just recog-
No. 601 E. F. Magnum Quill Pen
nition of Mr. Myers' ability.

En^raviii^ Co. Pens stand in the front rank as re-


-A.RTIf UR. IMMYKRS Gillott's
gards Temper, Elasticity and Durability.
Y\y.Yl AKT ENUKOStSBK OP ("c?\ Engravers (o)

ri5flliitunw,(!^^5tiiiiinii;il5;
y Designers S JOSEPH GILLOTT & SONS
'& Illustrators (y
!luincriabjTploma5.Ccrtific!ik$.Cli;irtci-s. SOLD BY ALL STATIONEKS
.^^ BOOK PLATLS.nONOR ROLLS, TITLE PA6ES AND
C0AT5-Of_A»J15.CLEO4KT OE5IOI(5 fOR MtMORIAl MLtTJ. Columbus. Ohio Alfred Field & Co., Inc., Sole Agents
93 Chambers St. NEW YORK CITY
: :

PENMANSHIP SUPPLIES
Prices subject to change without notice. Cash should accompany all orders.
All goods go postpaid except those listed to go by express, you to pay express charges. Of
course, when cheaper, goods listed to go by express will be sent by parcel post, if you pay
charges.

PENS PAPERS
Zanerian Fine Writer Pen No. 1. Zanerian 5 lb Paper (wide and narrow rule):
gr ?l-75 Ugr $ .50 1 doz .20
1 pkg. of 240 sheets by express $1.50
Zanerian Ideal Pen No. 2, Zanerian Medial
Zanerian 6 lb Paper (wide and narrow rule)
Pen No. 3, Zanerian Standard Pen No. 4, 240 sheets by express $2.00
1 pkg. of
Zanerian Falcon Pen No. 5, Zanerian Busi-
ness Pen No. 6. Zanerian 7 lb Paper (wide rule)
1 gr $1.25 ^4 gr $ .40 1 doz $ .15 1 pkg. of 240 sheets by express $2.25
Special prices in quantities. We also handle Zanerian Azure (Blue) Paper:
Gillott's, Hunt's, Spenserian and Esterbrook's 1 pkg. of 240 sheets by express $2.00
pens. Write for prices. Zaner Method No. 9 Paper (% in. rule, 8x10 Vi)
Broad Pointed Lettering Pens. 1 pkg. of 500 sheets, not prepaid $ .85
1 Complete set (12 pens) $0.35 100 sheets by mail postpaid 50
hz doz. single pointed pens 15 Zaner Method No. 15 Paper (^g in. rule,
'/2 doz. double pointed pens 30 8x10 1/2):
1 doz. single pointed, any No 25 1 pkg. of 500 sheets, not prepaid $1.50
1 doz. double pointed, any No 60

PEN HOLDERS INKS


Zanerian Fine Art Oblique Holder, Rosewood: Zanerian India Ink:
11% inches $1.25 8 inches $1.00 1 bottle $ .40 1 doz. bottles express....$4.00
Zanerian Fine Art Straight Holder, 8 inches.. $1-00 1 bottle Zanerian Gold Ink .25

Zanerian Oblique Holder, Rosewood: 1 bottle Zanerian White Ink 30


11 inches $ .75 8 inches $ .65
'/i
Arnold's Japan Ink:
Zanerian Expert Oblique Holder, T'/; inches: 1 bottle, 4 oz. postpaid $ .50
1 only $ .20 1 doz $1.25 V2 gr $6.50 1 pint by express 75
Vi doz 75 'A gr 3.50 1 gr 12.00 1 quart by express 1.15

Excelsior Oblique Holder, 6 inches Zanerian Ink Powder:


only doz $1.20 1 quart package $ .30
$ .15 1 $5.50
% doz 70 Vi gr 3 00 1 .10.00 6 packages or more, per pkg., net 22%
Zanerian Ink Tablets (both red and black):
Zaner Method Straight Holder, 7Vi inches:
1 quart box, 32 tablets $ .30
1 only $ .15 1 doz $ .60 V2 gr $2.65
% doz 36 !i gr 1.50 1 gr 4.80
6 boxes or more, per box . 22%
1 Triangular Straight Holder, 7'4 inches $0.25
1 Correct Holder, hard rubber, 0% inches 25 FINE WHITE CARDBOARD
1 Hard Rubber Inkstand 70 White Wedding Bristol: Size 22x28:
1 Good Grip Penpuller 10 6 sheets, postpaid $ .90
1 Inkholder for Lettering 10
12 sheets, postpaid 1.65
CARDS 2 sheets by mail, postpaid 50
White, black and six different colors:
100 postpaid, 30c; 500 expre.ss (shipping weight LARGE SHEETS OF PAPER
2 lbs.), $1.00; 1000 e.xpress (shipping weight
4 lbs), $2.00.
Zanerian, 16x21 — 32 lb. (smooth surface):
6 sheets by mail, postpaid $ .50
Flourished Design Cards:
20 sheets by mail, postpaid 1.50
With space for name. Two ditferent sets of 12
each. Every one different. —
Ledger, 16x21 30 lb. (smooth hard surface):
2 sets, 24 cards.. ..$ .20 6 sets, 72 cards $ .40 (J sheets by mail, postpaid $ .65
3 sets, 36 cards 25 12 sets, 144 cards .70 12 sheets by mail, postpaid 1.10

Write for complete Penmanship supply Catalog

THE ZANER-BLOSER CO., Penmanship Specialists, Columbus, Ohio


1

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A 'A -TT- r-- -T- TT *A^ - >



'
,

V y^.it. .iTr .I'r, .11-- -^-r>:-. ...n .1, ,;-.!>- . ,i > .,n . ^t.int.^-^i^--rrr 1*1 i1fi i.riT>,.-(tr^. ^iith--f1

||||f|lll|ll|l|lllllll|lll|lllllll||l|l| ll!ll(in|l|ll(fll!lli|!|i||
'ikilll

I
I

iHi

VOL. XXXI FEBRUARY, 1926 NUMBER 6

»T-i"'ii'i'hl'''!'i''i

^ 1/' i

k-

liii ^
I

m H'

A New Course of Lessons in


Wi Business Writing begins in this
issue by Miss Mabel Vogan, Su- /i I

pervisor of Handwriting in the


public schools of Fairmont, W. Va.
li ll

f! Miss Vogan's instructions are clear


and definite, her method of presen-

^ tation is excellent

are written with a skill

will surprise
and her copies

and delight you.


which

iilMi

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.KsW

niui

m\u m
mi: III i.,/.!)iiy/'i iiiii iiiiiis^ilillllljw^. hiiiiiiiiiiii iiiti>:^.ii;iiii iii iiii
'

i'"iM

\m\ %
1

lil j|
i 1

I
I

II

1
Entered at Post Office., Columbus.Ohio as s«cond class matter. Ik' i
ffjTT
'
L-s— .
1
1

l;>liiniiv\\viniMniininiiini////i ]iir4iiiin hi 1 1 1 lii ii in n 1 1 irni mil 1 1 ll I II 1 1 1 1 II =^fl


i- I III III II
^ f^i^3(^UJ//l^J^<^^i/u4^(C/^ ^

The Business Educator Certificate


How is the time to work for Certificates. Teachers can do nothing better for penmanship
classes than to encourage the certificate idea

The Business Educator grants a beautiful


Certificate to subscribers of The Business
Educator who follow a series of lessons
^p& given therein and attain a grade of 80%.
This certificate is worth hundreds of dol-
lars, and perhaps thousands, because it
stands for good handwriting.
The standard is a normal one and should
be attained bj'' all. No student should be sat-
isfied with a handwriting below this stand-
r. ard. A certificate is a credit to the possessor.
It means that the person has acquired an
excellence in penmanship that will be a valu-
A greatly reduced illustration of The Business Educator Cer- able asset through life.
tificate. Size 16x21 inches, price 50 cents. Any teacher who
wishes to interest pupils in this certificate may have a sample
certificate on request. To secure
you must write a this cei-tificate,
good business hand and in a business-like
manner. Slow, labored writing on the one hand and scrawly writing on the other will
not win. The writing must be more than merely legible, but it need not be perfect
Moreover, it needs to be smooth in quality of line, neat in appearance, orderly in ar-
rangement, and written freely with mainly arm movement and with no shade.

yt^ ^ yC^ ^<-c^ -^l^-^ ^-t-c-' ..-OC^ ^-^^ .--J--


/ X 3 i-^ S' ^ y S' ^ O .

e^t^ «5i-^

The above, enKmved from an actual specimen, represents our passing nrrade. When a pupil's wrilinit is considered good enough
to merit our cartiflcatc, the applicantshould write the above, changinK the name and school.

Write to Zaner & Bloser Company, Columbus, 0,, for illustrated Certificate Circular.
:

f^^^gid/n^d4^<Se/iu^a/fr' ^

For 68 years Spencerians have been the


standard for school pens because they
outwrite and outlast ordinary pens. Spen- _,.ytXy'-'t^<^--C,^^-Z^^7^0-^^l-.<i^^A.'-}^^^ -i-Z.^i^
cerians retain their shape, and withstand
the hard use of children.
Teachers recommend Spencerians be- ^.p.-^^-ri^ ^^T^tyO-^'yL^-^.yLj v<??-
cause they can depend upon real service
and fine quality. With the best tools and
materials children learn faster; better
work is done.
There is a perfect point for every person.
Our card of lo pens will help you find
yours. It includes fine writing points.

Send IOC for lo fine Spencerians and a


complimentary cork-tipped penholder.

Spencerian Pen Company ^>'tvYorkc?^


Qamdm^O^tw jo'^aj

New ''""""
Metropolitan Edition
By U. G. Potter
Metropolitan iT
^^^^^-^-
Business McKinley High School
Chicago
System of
Speller Bookkeeping
Over 6000 words. New lessons coi You Will Like It. The text emphasizes the thought side of
to Aeroplanes. Radio, Automobiles, the subject. It stimulates and encourages the reasoning pow-
pages, attractive binding. 50 cents. er of the pupil. Pupils acquire a knowledge of the subject as
well as facility in the making of entries. It is a thoroughly

A Superior Speller seasoned, therefore accurate, te.xt supported by complete


Teachers' Reference Books, and Teachers' Manual.
Twofold Design. In the preparation of the Metropolitan
Business Speller we had constantly in mind two objects Parts I and II text is an elementary course suitable for
first, to teach the pupil to spell, and second to enlarge his any school in which the subject is taught. Two semesters
vocabulary, especially of words in general use. are required in High Schools and a correspondingly shorter
Classification of Words. As an aid to the memory we have time in more intensified courses.
classified words, as regards sounds, syllabication, accents and
meaning. We have grouped the words relating to each par- Parts III and IV text is suitable for an advanced course
ticular kind of business into lessons, by which the student is following any modem elementary text. We make the state-
enabled to familiarize hinoself with the vocabulary of that ment without hesitation, that this is the most teachable,
business. We have interspersed miscellaneous exercises in most up-to-date, and strongest text published for advanced
the nature of reviews. We have grouped words that can best bookkeeping and elementary accounting use.
be learned by comparisons, such as Stationery and Stationary.
Corporation-Mfg.-Voucher unit is bound in heavy paper
Abbreviations of states, months, railways and commercial covers and contains all of Part IV. It is a complete course
terms are given in regular lesson form, and grouped alpha- in Corporation accounting including instructions, set of
betically. We regard abbreviating of almost equal impor- transactions, exercises, problems, etc. It is without doubt
tance with spelling. the best text fo'r this part of your accounting course. List
Syllabication and pronunciation are shown by the proper prices, Te-xt. 120 pages, 40 cents. Supplies, including Blank
division of words, and the use of the diacritical marks. The Books and Papers, 95 cents.
words are printed in bold type, and the definitions in lighter
face, so as to bring out the appearance of the word, — an aid
in sight spelling. EXAMINATION COPIES will be submitted upon request.

METROPOLITAN TEXT BOOK COMPANY CHICAGO


^ f^^^3(Su^'/i^ld/<^d(u^i/fr' ^

KEEPING IN STEP
WITH PROGRESS
Through Gregg Normal Training
The Gregg Summer Normal is the great "service station" for commercial teachers on the road
from yesterday to tomorrow. It is the open forum of progressive methods, the enunciator of new but
tried ideas in teaching, and a unique dispenser of joyful enthusiasm and the inspiration to achieve.

New times demand new ways. The world's estimate of the relative value of certain educational
practices constantly being revised. The Gregg Normal Session is the recognized leader in the promo-
is

tion of what is best and most practical in resultful methods of teaching commercial subjects.

Courses are arranged to meet the requirements of the e.xperienced teacher and the one about to
enter this profession. Students from all over the United States and Canada are in attendance each sum-
mer, and enthusiastically recommend the remarkable courses of study and practice.
The 1926 Normal begins July 6 and closes August 13. Write today for special bulletin.

GREGG SCHOOL Six Michigan Avenue


Chicago, Illinois

C. CCANAN COLLECTION OF PENMANSHIP Combination Long-Shorthand


THE of
late C. C.

rare skill and


Canan was a penman
originality. Per-
New Shorthand Method
»« The Greatest Effort Ever Placed Before the
sons who were actjuainted with his work .American public in Presenting a System of
agreed that his best efforts should be col-
lected and preserved in book form for the
BRIEF SHORT WRITING
"'' Can be learned and applied immediately. Not
benefit of others who wish to master pen-
necessary to wait, 6, 8, to 10 months
manship. The publishers, therefore, spent »•" A boon to Typewriter Operators.
considerable time and money in collecting
and publishing this volume, which con- YOUNG WOMEN
tains Mr. Canan's best work in Business who have talent, become immediate earning
power.
Writing, Ornamental Penmanship, Flour-
-Applied to Pitman or Gregg Sy.stems.
ishing, Lettering and Pen Drawing. Furnished to Business Schools, with Manual,
for $10 net, including exclusive privileges.
The book contains 64 pages, 9x12, and Write for circular giving full information.
in addition
mens of his
to the many
inspiring speci-
contains the most
skill, it
^A Brief, "Direct
University, Normal
Route" to Business, Ideal for
College and
graduates.
helpful instructions for the learner that Shorthand Cour.se only, without Abbreviated Sys-
Mr. Canan was capable of writing. A tem, (Brief Short Writing) can be completed in
volume well worth possessing and pre- —
one-half time a saving of $300 to $400 by sal-
aries earned.
serving.

Wholesale Price Sample copy $3.50 net; privi-
Price $1^0 postpaid. lege to examine and return; money-back guaran-
tee. No Free Outfits.
Write for complete catalog of books on penman-
ship and penmanship supplies. Hoffmann's Milwaukee
Zaner & Bloser Company .".17-.")2.'.
Business College
Well.'* St. MIIAVAt^KKK, WIS.
Columbus, Ohio. •"' Correspondence Invited.
^i^'^u^'/i^U^^^^/iu^i^h- ^

The Recognition
of Merit
The recognition of Gregg Shorthand by the public schools of the country
is striking evidence of the merits of the system.

On January 1, 1926, Gregg Shorthand had been adopted for exclusive use
in the High Schools of 94.94% of the cities and towns whose high schools teach
shorthand.

The status of the different shorthand systems in the public schools of the
United States is indicated by the accompanying map and graph.

7irm529Z 103 JS 40

Gregg Shorthand has been adopted by the overwhelming majority of the


high schools of the country, because it has been found, after investigation and
experiment, to be the system of

"greatest good to the greatest number."

A TRIAL IN YOUR SCHOOL WILL CON\^INCE YOU.

The Gregg Publishing Company


New York Chicago Boston San Francisco London
^ ^^^^u^'n^U'^f/iu^i^r^

A Dozen Years Devoted to


Training the Champion
Typists of the World
Observation of the Work of Hundreds of
thousands of students
Twenty years correspondence with ten thousand
typewriting teachers and students of the entire
world.
BLISS-ALGER Such has been the experience of Charles E. Smith, author of

"A Practical Course in Touch Typewriting."


Bookkeeping and Accounting Is it not to be expected, therefore, that his book is every-
where being adopted by teachers interested in obtaining the
A strictly new course just off the press, combining Book- best results in typewriting?
keeping, Business Practice and Banking. Makes individual Stiff paper cover, 120 pages, $1.00
instruction a pleasure. Exceedingly interesting to the student.
Complete Edition (Balanced Hand
Three Systems Method 208 pages ) $1.60

ACTUAL BUSINESS Complete Edition ("B" Struck with


(with offices)
left hand) 208 pages $1.60
FOLDER (like above, without offices)
CORRESPONDENCE NOTE: Teachers of typewriting should note that a special
edition of the comitlele volume has recently been
issued. u.sing the method of finR:ering in which "B"
For High Schools, Business Schools or any institution
is struck with the left hand.
teaching Bookkeeping, Text and outfit sent to teachers for
examination. Mention school connection. Adopted bii the New York, Bosto Balli Nrirark
(N. J.) Board) o/ Education.
BLISS PUBLISHING CO. A teacher's cxaniinatii
SAGINAW, MICH. receipt of oi

WRITING AND ILLUMINATING


AND LETTERING
By EDWARD JOHNSTON
Adopted by the New York Board of Educ

500 pa^s, 227 and diaerrams by the Author


illustrations
and NOEL
ROOKE. 8 pages of examples in red and black.
24 papes of collotype reproductions, cloth, $2.50. Adopted by
the Nor York Board of Education, and Teachers' College,
Cli/fORE people are learning Cohnnhia Ufiirersitu.

each day that good "This book belongs to that extremely rare class in which
every line bears the impress of complete mastery of the sub-
ject. We congratulate Mr. Johnston on having produced a
printing is an inuestment—not work at once original and complete." The Athenaeum. —
an expense. PLAIN AND ORNAMENTAL
LETTERING
Plain and Ornamental Lettering
'i'i'i By EDWIN G. FOOKS
9'4x6'^ in. S pages with 40 full-page plates, $1.00.

A Practical Guide to Ticket and Show Card


Writing, Sign Writing and other forms of Decora-
tive Lettering.
ScHMiTT Printing Company
Underlying the whole book Is the aim of making it essen-
tially practical, and every plate has been chosen deliberately
'The 'Busy Shop' with this end in view hence the inclusion of plates illustrat-
;

ing materials commonly required, and of further plates sug-


gesting simple types of ornnmcnt approprlnto for use with
I forms of alphabet.
139 E. Rich Street Columbus, Ohio

Mam 4556 Citizen 6954


Isaac Pitman
2 West 45th Street
&NEWSons
YORK
THE CLEVELAND CONVENTION Send your dollar to liim without delay, CONFERENCE ON CO.MMMERCIAL
as funds will be needed to stage the EDUCATION TO BE HELD BY
interested in the teaching of
All various features of the meeting. THE DEPARTMENT OF COM-
penmanship are reminded that the Through these columns you will be MERCIAL TEACHER TRAINING
next meeting of the National Associa- given details of the program as it AT IOWA CITY.
tion of Penmanship Supervisors will assumes definite form, and should you On March 18, 19 and 20th at the
be held in Cleveland, April 28, 29 30, now be undecided whether or not to University of Iowa will be held the
1926. attend, we are confident that the list firstof a series of annual conferences
While it is yet too early to an- of attractions to be presented will on research in commercial education.
nounce the various features of the surely induce you to go. A dozen or more speakers of national
program, it is none too soon to give Let the call extend to the remotest reputation have been invited to parti-
serious thought to the ways and parts of the country for action, cipate by reporting upon the research
means whereby this can be made the prompt, eflficient, unstinted, and the problems upon which they have en-
most significant meeting ever held by results will be of a nature to satisfy gaged.
our organization. the most pessimistic penmanship pro- Most of the educational conferences
tao'onist. are held in the east beyond the reach
Miss Ella M. Hendrickson, Super-
F. J. Duflfy. of many teachers in the middle we.st.
visor of Penmanship, Lakewood Ohio,
Chairman Publicity Committee. This Conference will enable those
is president of the Association. Those
who are iTcquainted with Miss Hend- teachers to see and hear the foremost
rickson need no further assurance THE SEVEN MISTAKES OF LIFE thinkers in the field of commercial
that she will bend every energy to education. Every commercial teacher
provide a list of good things which 1. The delusion that individual ad- should be there, that goes without
will send all back to their respective vancement is made by crushing saying. But that every administrator
tasks imbued with a greater regard others. and supervisor of high schools should
for their profession, and resolved to 2. The tendency to worry about be there is just as true because the
labor more
earnestly to relegate things that cannot be changed. tremendous growth of commercial
cramped, formless handwriting to the 3. Insisting that a thing is impos- work in high schools and the constant
"limbo of forgotten things." sible because we cannot do it. demand for new subjects make it nec-
4. Attempting to compel other per- essary for administrators to make
However, no matter with what zeal sons to believe and live as we do.
Miss Hendrickson may strive, nor how decisions. On what facts are those
5. Neglect in developing and refining decisions based ? Do our administra-
deeply rooted may be her convictions
the mind by not acquiring the tors know where pertinent facts may
as to the importance of good penman-
habit of reading fine literature. be found or what studies of such prob-
ship, she cannot, unaided, accomplish
6. Refusing to set aside the trivial, lems have been made ? The Confer-
all that must needs be done to make
that important things may be ence is one place to find out. Admin-
the convention a signal success.
done. istrators need not feel that they must
_
If we are to reap from the delibera- 7. Failure to establish the habit of be acquainted with the technique of
tions of a g-athering, nation wide, we saving money. commercial subjects in order to benefit
trust in its list of attendants, results
commensurate with the time and
— From "The News Letter," a .school from the Conference.
magazine published by the Barnes E. G. BLACKSTONE
expense involved, each member must Commercial School, Denver, Colo. Commercial Teacher Training
take a personal interest in the
arrangements to be made. Let us
strike a new note in the 1926 meeting
and place its achievements one notch
higher than those of any previous
convention.
The treasurer of the Association is
Arthur G. Skeeles, Supervisor of Writ-
ing, 270 E State St., Columbus, Ohio.

THE BUSINESS EDUCATOR SUBSCRIPTION PRICE, $1.25 A YEAR


<To Canada, 10c more; foreign, 20c more)
The Business Educator is the best mediuia
through which to reach business college pro-
Published monthly (except July and August) Single copy, 15c.
By THE ZANER-BLOSER CO.. Change of address should be requested
_
prietors and managers, commercial teacheri
612 N. Park St.. Columbus, O. promptly in advance, if possible, giving the old and students, and lovers of penmanship. Copy
E. W. Bloser Editor as well as the new address. must reach our office by the 10th of the montk
E. A. LUPFER - - . . Managing Editor Advertising rates furnished upon request. for the issue of the following month.
^ f^J.^uJ/n^^i^yiu^i^r^ ^

Lessons in Handwriting
MABEL VOGAX,
(Miss Voitan will be glad 15 cts. postage.)

INTRODUCTION Blotter. what is a good position for writing,


Keep a (about 8 by 10
blotter and form the habit of keeping such a
Would vou be a better penman .

inches) and double faced under your po.sition while you practice.
Just add perseverance and patience to right hand It will insure easier Body.
your desire and you may realize your movement in all temperatures, and
wishes. Make a firm decision to stick neater finished pages as it protects
Sit erectly, well back in your chair,
to it even under temporary
discour- and lean forward from the hips. The
the paper from oil and perspiration
agements. Learning to write is NOT from your hand. It is also an aid to
feet should rest flat on the floor about
easy to accomplish, but reciuires pa- writing in a straight line across en-
three or four inches apart. Rest both
tient, systematic study and
practice arms on the desk with the elbows just
CAN
be velopes and unruled paper.
at regular intei-vals. It "peeping" over the edge. The duties
acquired, and the realization of of the left arm and hand are to help
Penwiper.
achievement, as well as the commer- balance the weight of the body, and
cial and social value of the art
are Keep a piece of non-linting cloth to hold and shift the paper. Keep
worth the time and effort (felt, flannel, etc.) or a wet sponge on the back straight and the head erect.
well
required to master it. Good hand- your table. When foreign substances There should be a space of two or
writing will always be in demand, and appear on your pen, clean them off three inches between the edge of the
will pav dividends to those who have
and avoid blotted lines. Always dry table and the body.
an easy, legible style. How your pen before putting it away and
,

acquireil
many readers of "The Business Ed- get the maximum of good sei-vice from Paper.
ucator" are willing to work for better it. The best penmen take excellent Place the paper near the center of
writing? Fine! Now that your deci- care of their tools. the desk so that the lines of the paper
sion is made, the game is on! You'll are almost parallel with a line that
Position. might be drawn from the upper right
find it most interesting and profitable,
I'm sure. This is the first and perhaps the to the lower left corner of the desk.
most important essential for good See the illustrations for shifting the
Materials.
writing. Be sure you unilerstand just paper.
Paper.
Use a smooth surfaced, non-linting
ink paper with % inch ruling. The
large business size is best for practice,
because it encourages more freedom
of movement.
Ink.
freely flowing, thin ink in blue or
.K
black is best for business writing. I
prefer Higgin's Eternal Black Ink.
Zanerian Ink Powder is good. Keep
the ink covered when not in use,
because air thickens it. When dipping
ink, the pen should not touch the
sides, nor bottom of the ink well. Dip
the pen in slowly and carefully until
the ink comes just above the eye of
the pen, and if you bring it out delib-
erately you will not have too much
ink on the pen. Practice pen dipping
for a while, and avoid blots and
blurred lines on your papers.
Penholder.
A medium sized wooden holder is
best. Thin and metal holders cause
the fingers to grip, and hinder a free
movement. About eight inches is a
good length for a holder. The Zaner-
Bloser holder is the best because it
has a finger rest which keeps the fin-
gers the correct distance from the
point of the pen, and it is light in
weight and easy to hold.
Pens.
Use medium sized pens for your
practice. An Esterbrook No. 55fi, a
Zanerian Standard or a similar pen is
good for beginners and for general
writing. After you have gained a
fair control over your muscle, you
may find a finer pen more satisfactory,
especially for fine work. I like Zan-

erian Ideal No. 2 for personal writing.


f^^^UiW/i^i^^^e/iua/ifr' ^
Penholder. Movement. .Spacing and Slant.
The end of the first finger rests The main force comes from the All letters should slant uniformly
about an inch from the point of the shoulder and arm, while the fingers toward the upper right corner of the
pen, and in line with the eye of the hold the pen in position and assist paper. Push the pen toward the upper
pen and the tip of the holder. The very slightly in forming delicate right corner and pull toward the body,
thumb rests opposite the forefinger strokes. Before attempting the exer- and slant will give little trouble if the
while the second finger crosses under cises with ink try the motion with a position is correct.
the holder. Curve the last two fingers dry pen or with pen just off the paper, The space between letters should be
slightly. Tlie hand should be about watching the action of the muscles in about the same as within letters.
half open with all the fingers touching the arm. In push and pull movements Begin each new word directly under
each other. Aim to keep the first always push your pen away from the finish of the preceding one.
finger rather straight and let the you toward the upper right corner of
holder stand up by the second knuckle the desk, and pull back toward your- Neatness and Arrangement.
of the first finger. Try to keep a self. Avoid spreading the arms away Form the habit of neatness in your
round opening between the thumb and from the body and turning the hand practice. Remember even margins,
the holder. The tip of the holder over toward the right. and arrange the exercises neatly. A
should point in the direction of the Speed. neatly arranged page may be attract-
right shoulder The only points of When practicing you must use ive even though the w^riting may not
contact are the muscle in the fore- enough speed to insure uniformly be as good as another that may be
arm, the point of the pen, and the tips smooth lines.Very slow movement careless in arrangement. The habits
of tlie third and fourth fingers. Keep produces nervous, heavy lines which of neatness and system are good
the arm and fingers relaxed. are undesirable. recommendations.
Regularity of Practice.
Try to have a regular time and
place for your practice. Avoid trying
to write when you are tired or after
any strenuous exercise. You will
elminate much discouragement by
arranging for your practice when you
are composed both physically and
mentally.

First Specimen.
Write the poem "Quit Worrying" frr
your very best arm movement and
save it for future comparison to see
how much improvement you are mak-
ing. Compare about once a month.

Group One.

Exercise One
Be sure that your position is correct, then motion this two space direct running oval exercise with a dry pen.
The pen begins at the top and curves down the left side and up the right side. Both sides curve the same. A good
oval is two-thirds as wide as its length. Keep a good oval foi-m and slant toward the upper right comer of the
paper. Watch the center of the left side, and bring each new stroke down close to the last one. Use a smooth, brisk
movement. Shift your paper to the left when about half way across the page. Write the exercise at the rate of 200
downstrokes a minute and 400 on a line. Work for pen and muscle control. Note the action of the muscles in your
arm and shoulder. When you think your motion is correct dip your pen and try several lines of the exercise. Many
capitals and small letters are based on this motion. Practice it often.

Exercise Two
The one space direct running oval exercise is based upon the same principles as the two space exercise, but it
requires a finer control. Practice this size until you can produce a nice, smooth oval, and then use it as a "warm-
ing up" drill before practicing letters which contain the direct movement.

Exercise Three
The two space direct open or retraced oval contains the same movement, but requires more skill than the run-
Curve down the left side and up the right. Aim to retrace your first form to the count of ten for each
ning oval.
oval. Start with the pen in motion and keep it in motion between ovals. Make the sides of the ovals touch, and
slant uniformly. Keep the pen in a light grip and aim for a light quick touch. You should make ten or twelve
ovals on a line.

\
10

Exercise Four
^ f^^f^uJ//t^^(^i/iu^i^h^
This is push pull exercise two spaces high. Many letters contain straight, slanted down strokes; therefore we
need control in making such strokes. Push pull exercise furnishes practice for that control. Keep the right elbow
quite close to the body. Be sure the right hand is nearly fiat. Begin at the bottom and cun'e upward toward the
upper right corner of' the paper, and pull back toward the center of the body. Keep the strokes parallel in slant
and close together. Make 200 down strokes a minute and 400 on a line. Aim to keep the exercise even at the top
and bottom.
Exercise Five
Try the one space direct open oval. It is the same movement a.s exercise three but it calls for more control.
Work for a fine control of motion. Count six for each oval Make the sides touch and write 18 to 20 on a line.
'Try to hide the beginning and ending strokes.
Exercise Six
Now try push pull exerci.se one space high. Apply the same principles as in the two space exercise. U-se this
motion as a ba.sis or introduction to practice on letters containing the .straight slant strokes.

Group Two
Exercise One
Push and "u" exercise. Cui-ve up from the base line. Make six counts of push pull exercise and without
pull
lifting the pen swing into eight counts of "u" exercise one space high. Note turns, angles, width, height, and slant.
Push pen toward the upper right corner with a sure, brisk motion. Make three groups on a line. Count-Curve,
1-2-3-4-5-fi-, 1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8.
Exercise Two
The "u" exercise without pushpull. Count-Cui-ve, 1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8. Use the same precautions as in exercise
one. three groups on a line. Practice this movement a great deal because it helps to develop a fine control.
Make
Exercise Three
The "u" exercise small size. Make to eight snappy counts. The size is about 1-4 space. You can write five
groups on a line if you keep the spaces narrow, and begin each new group directly under the finish of the one
preceding.

u^////^ua//^i^^iu^^/^^
^ f^Jt^uJ//t^iU^(§^^iu^i/^/
Exercise Four
Now we are ready for some small letters. Make "u" about 1-4 space high to a count of three (1-2-3 or curve-
curve-cui-ve). Aim for uniform slant on clown strokes and good curves. Avoid making letters too wide. You
should get 16 or 18 on a line.

Exercise Five
Inmaking "i" curve the upstrokes well, and slant the downstrokes. The letter is retraced to about half its
height. Place the dot above the point directly in line with the slant. Count 1-2, dot. (The comma signifies a
check in the motion). Write at the rate of 100 per minute.
12 ^ f^^^uJ/n^^^^/iU¥i^ ^ !l

Lessons in Business Penmanship


By J. J. BAILEY, High School of Commerce. Toronto, Ont., Canada.
(Mr. Bailey will be glad to give you if you will enclose 15 cts.)

INSTRUCTIONS FOR FEBRUARY thought on the forms of the letters, "The heights by great men reached
arrangement, neatness and spacing and kept
With the January number we com- than you have been able to give to Were not attained by sudden flight,
pleted the analj'tical study of the these phases in the past. But they, while their companions
capital alphabet. We shall now pro- Writing that is good writing must
slept, ^
Were toiling u^pward in the night."
ceed to put to use the knowledge and be plain, rapid, easy to write, easy to
skill acquired during the five months
read, and as beautiful as possible. It here where many stu-
It is right
is characterized by uniformity in size,
that have passed since the beginning slant and spacing —
commonly called dents fail. Now
is the time to put
into practice the knowledge of
all
of this course in plain business writ- the three S's.
teachnique and form that you have
ing. To attain this uniformity requires learned. You are not good writers by
If you have carefully followed the a great amount of hard, painstaking any means yet. You have just got
instructions given, you should be able practice on your part. No one can your feet firmly planted on the first
to sit in a healthful, easy, and efficient build up a good handwriting without rung of the ladder. The top is a long
a lot of hard study and intelligent way off. Never mind that. Think oi
position. The proper way to hold the
practice. Rome wasn't built in a day. getting your feet on the second rung,
pen should have become a habit with And the style of penmanship that the then the third, the fourth, etc., and
you. Muscular Movement .should have good writers of today exhibit in their some day you will reach the pinnacle.
become firmly established. In other work was not acquired in a day, a Think of that. I'm hoping that some
month, or a year. Rather is it the day in the future that one or two or
words, if you have done your best, you
result of long weary hours of study, three of you will be the real penmen
should have become master of the often when others were asleep. I can of the next generation, and will look
technic|ue of writing and from now on express what I mean far more forcibly back and give me some small credit
you ought to be able to spend more by quoting a stanza from Longfellow: for starting you on the upward climb


Copy 1. In the capital A —
pay particular attention to the form the well-curved downstroke, the almost-
straight upstroke, and the comparative narrowness of the letter. Notice the shoulder on r, and the dot at the top
of the c. Watch the loop letters, and strive for evenness in size, slant and spacing.
The connective loop in B gives a great deal of trouble. It should either be flat, or point upwards towards the
left. A line drawn on the right side touching the two loops should be parallel with the initial straight stroke. Be
sure the letter looks graceful. Make a plain loop in e. Do not make "loop" in t. Watch the ending strokes, be-
cause they add or detract greatly from the appearance of the writing according to the length, slant, etc., that you
make them.
Strive for perfect alignment, thus giving you correct spacing. \

^^^^ . ,


Copy 2. Here is a splendid style of C for use in business. It is not very difficult, since you had one similar in
the connected drills in a former lesson. The initial stroke is a compound curve. Endeavor to keep the two loops
about the same width and on the same slant. Pay special attention to the r's, s and k in the sentence.
In the D, the loops require attention. Keep the lower one as flat as possible, and the upper one as near as
possible the same size as in the copy. Round out the tops of the m
and n and finish the t carefully.
Make about G lines of D's, 6 lines of Dominion, and 6 lines of the sentence, trying particularly to keep the let-
ters in exact perpendicular alignment. Then write the copy as a line, using the" same care as to the alignment.
Do not cease practicing until you can turn out a fine page. Use this method throughout the whole of the alphabet.
Strive for neatness, speed, and nice arrangement. Eliminate all long initial or final strokes, thus adding simplicity
and charm to your writing.

Copy 3— In E
the initial .stroke is a compound cur\'e similar to that in C in Copv 2.
this Endeavor to make
the three loops the same width. Do not make the ending strokes in n and d too long.
Be careful of the top of F. See that it is not too big nor too small. Maintain a just proportion between tlie
two parts. This will enhance the beauty of your writing.
Do not become so interested in the forms that you forget completely how you are working. Keep an eye on
your position and movement, and be very positive that you are conforming absolutely to the requirements with
respect to the.se two things.
^ f^^^Uiii'/t^ii^^^/iua/^ ^


Copy 4 The beginning stroke in G is another compound curve commencing at the base line. See that the
shoulder comes up more than half way. Make a decided loop in e, a dot at the top of w, and notice especially the
length of g, y and p.
Pay special attention to the dot at the end of the first part of H, the curve at the beginning of the second part
to match the cui-ve at the bottom of the first part. Do not make the curves too long, otherwise the letter will ap-
pear too straggly. See the relative proportions in the two parts and endeavor to imitate them e.xactly.
Criticise your work unsparingly. Hold it out at arm's length, and you will probably see errors in it that you
did not suppose existed. Then go at it all over again and see how many of them you can eliminate.

-T:A^^'^^zA^''^:A^^-^:^i^^^^


Copy 5 In the I try to have all three lines meet at one point. Make "I am gaining daily" the watchword
of your practice. Be careful to make the loops as long as those in the copy, and watch that your minimum letters
are all the same height. Examine your page closely when completed, and see wherein you can improve it.

"^ "^ "^ "^ ^5=P^4-Z^^^.^^^^:?.,^^-<^-- \>^-^Z,.<^^^.^,


Copy 6 The first part of K is similar to that in H. The last part consists of two compound curves connected
by a small loop, either flat or pointing slightly upward towards the left. Watch the spacing, and the slant of the
downstrokes. Irregular slant is a serious fault in any writing.
Be careful of the proportions in L. See what a fine sjTnmetrical page you can turn out with that half line
"Live and learn."


Copy 7 Make up your mind that you are going to do better work on these two copies than on any previous
ones. Keep the small letters the same size as the copy. Aim for accurate writing, maintaining good movement
and fair speed at the same time. Study, criticise, analyse, and practice, practice, practice. Concentrate your whole
energy on one copy until you can see a substantial gain before trying the next one. That is the only way you
can ever succeed. Be patient, painstaking, and diligent, and then you cannot help but achieve success.

'-<d..^^2.-^--£^^
^ t^^3BuJ//i^U^^^i^uai^r*

J^Lt-i.ty(f-/'!y eZ^.^^^tt'yvCl. (/i/lA^^^td/yC*^

^feif>

HEARTIEST
CHISTMAS GREETINGS

CHRISTMAS t;REETING CONTEST WINNERS


No. 1. Jennie Welcome. 8A. No. 2. Albert Monje. 8A. No. 3. Harry McMillen. 7B. All th pupils of Miss Bess Clark,
Douglas, Ariz. No. 4, Eva Nyborg, Jason Lee Junior High School, Tacoma, Wash iss Vema S. Gloystein, Teacher. _
'

The .specimen.^ at the left were writ-


ten by: No. 1, Helen Coleman, Public
School pupil of Clark.';burs:, W. Va.,
Mi.ss Ida M. Gordon, Supen'i-sor of
Writing- No. 2, .An Alphabet bv J. H.
Potter, a .student of T. W. Oate.s, Lon-
don Technical and Commercial High
School, London, Ont., Canada. No. 3,
The fine writing on this Chri.stmas
card is by Sue Reed, pupil of Ot.sego,
Mich., High School, J. A. Fergu.son,
Teacher.

I HRISTMAS
By Joseph Watnian Jr.
Scene: An orphan lad meets an-
other orphan lad on the .street on
Chri.stmas Eve.

To some Christmas seems to be


A day of joy and cheer,
Full of gifts and happiness:
The best day of the year.

But as I passed on Christmas Eve


'
i^^<:iit.rfL->^-i«!::.^
A street of blinding snow,

^ I heard a boy in ragged clothes


Sing this song so low.

"Gee, I wonder what's the matter,


Why the people are so gay?
I wonder why they're smiling
.Ml this livelong day ?
To be sure tomorrow's Christmas
But what is that to me?
^^J^!^u4/n^^^^^i£[ua/fr^ ^
Tomorrow's just the same
As any day could be.
No gifts, no joy, for me I see.
I'm just an orphan lad,
And everyone despises me
'Cause I have no Ma or Dad."

And as I watched him singing,


A tear rolled down his cheek:
Then with manly step and firm
He started down the street.
I followed, and when he paused
Beside a post to rest,
I went to him and told him
The tale of the Wise Men's Quest.

When the story I had finished,


And had just begun to go,
I heard the boy in ragged clothes
Sing this song so low.
"Gee, no longer do I wonder
Why the people are so gay.
No longer do I wonder
Why they smile this livelong day.
For who can be unhappy,
Who can be so sad.
When Christmas cheer and spirit
Are shared by an orphan lad ?"
Joseph Watman, Jr., is a student in
the Commercial Department of the
Salem, Mass., Normal School. Mr. C. The top specimen was lettered by Esther Amdt and the bottom one by An Henderson, both
E. Doner is his penmanship teacher. students of F. A. Krupp. Interstate Business College. Fargo, N. D.

3th Grade pupil in The Catholic Institute. Je City, N. J., where Zaner Method

Script by the U*e W. E. Dj

By John F. Siple, Engrosser, of Cincinnati, Ohio.


16 ^ ,^^^Uii/n^U^<^^i£[ua^r^ ^
Supplementary Business Writing
By C. C. LISTER, Maxwell Trainine School for Teachers, New York City.

-T yz;^<--^^5!C-<j2^i«C-«i-<i/


....^<^^,.^--C<£^^^^-i,--t^t^-<^ ir%--^K_.^e>-£^-t^t---'>-'>^7^'if--t'<-.<^^

',^-.«^-'^^-e>-fc-^--^^e5?^--^

Somethins to think about, and excellent copy to practice and study. Wc vcd lomo very fine compliments on Mr. Listcr'a work. TV-11 Mr.
Liatcr and oa how yoa like It.
^ ^i^^ud/n^d^^e/iu^a/^ ^ 17

first year of school in conning over the


"Big Letters." The learning of the
Reminiscences of a Non-Professional others seemed to be a matter of sec-
Writing Master ondary importance. So with writing;
the pot-hooks once mastered, the next
By CARL MARSHALL, Tujunga. Calif.
job was to put them together in capi-
sing the substance of an Address Delivered at Los Angeles. Dec. 16. 1925, I
The Southern California Penmanship Teachers' Association.) tals, and from that time on, the "big
letters" held the center of the stage.
This no doubt explains why capitals
Learning to write was man's first the formidable and complicated capi- are in such superabundance in the
educational concern. Humanity be- tal letters upon which the writing manuscripts that have come down to
gan with language; civilization began masters of those early days set such us from our grandparents, sometimes
with writing. So, for a long time, the beginning nearly half the words, also
educational Trinity, the "Three R's", store. It rather disgusted my grand- why most of their small letters are
has been "Readin", Ritin' and 'Rith- father to learn that so big a boy as I relatively undecipherable. There were
metic". But "Ritin' " was not put in was, had not even been taught what two types of writing in vogue, (1)
second place because it was secondary pot-hooks were. Verily, as the old "round hand," or a style, in which
in importance, but because it came man sadly observed, the world was most of the small letters were squat
second in the natural sequence of the leaving him a long way behind. I and fat, with various bulbous protu-
child's school work. know just how he felt, for I often feel berances, giving to this style of
that way myself, when my own grand- chirography the effect of a procession
My earliest knowl- children spring some new-fangled fad
edge of writing and the of tiny Dutch market women; (2)
on me. The pot-hooks, aforesaid, got "shai-p hand," in which the letters
methods of teaching it, their name through their resemblance
came to me when I
were mostly pointed. The round hand
to certain iron implements that hung seems to have been imported from
used to snuggle up on in the old-fashioned fire-places, and
my grandfather's knee England, by the Puritans, Quakers,
which were used as safe points of sus- and other colonists from that country,
during the early Civil pension for pots and other cooking
War days, and, wonder- while the sharp hand was probably an
utensils. Cook-stoves had not yet influence from the German or Dutch
eyed, listen to the kind- come in. Pupils who had reached the
ly old quaker recount script used in Pennsylvania and New
age of discretion (or indiscretion?, York. In the National Museum at
his experiences when,
say, fourteen or thereabouts, were Washington, one finds both these
as a young man, he
finally pennitted to essay the perilous types among the manuscripts of the
taught a backwoods school, in the enterprise of "larnin' ritin'." They
Western Reserve of Ohio, about the Eighteenth century that have been
were intrusted with the precious con- presei-ved, as precious relics of our
time (1800) when that state was ad-
tents of a bottle of home-made ink, Revolutionary heroes.
mitted into the Union. Those were probably compounded of vinegar and
parlous days. Not infrequently of Like my grandfather, my father
lamp-black, and directed to repair to was also a teacher. The habit ap-
winter mornings, when teacher and
I

the barnyard and pluck the best quill pears to be incurable in our family.
pupils following devious paths through
they could find in the wing of the old My father was my first teacher, and
the woods, foregathered at the little
gander. A young goose would not do. long before Spencerian pens or copy
shack of a schoolhouse, they found a 'This would be converted into a super-
hungry and ti-uculent bear in posses- books had been heard of, I can recall
fine pen through the skillful manipu- his telling me about the time he went
sion of the premises, and the educa-
lation of the schoolmaster. Making to a writing-school conducted in that
tional functions of the community had
and mending pens comprised one of same little log schoolhouse, back in
to be in abeyance till help could be
the most responsible, as well as most the 40's, by Piatt R. Spencer.
summoned. Frequently, a dependable I be-
important professional duties of my lieve that at that time, Mr. Spencer
flint-lock musket had to be a part of
teacher-grandfather. For the purpose, was living with his numerous progeny
the teacher's professional equipment. he owned a most precious "penknife" in a little humble home in the back
But Grandfather's bear stories, (I wonder how many of our modern woods of the Western Reserve, and
thrilling as they were, were not the youngsters ever thought about the was in the habit of adding to the not
sole center of my
childish interest. I origin of that word!) brought all the too plethoric family income by organ-
liked to hear him tell about the queer way from Sheffield, England. At the izing winter evening writing classes
littleschoolhouse, with its bench seats conclusion of the writing hour each
made of split beech logs, supported day, the pens had to be carefully col-
in the country round about. He was
a striking character, tall and spare,
on wooden pins, and the long opening lected and deposited on the teacher's with the long locks and lofty brow
in the side of the house which sei-ved
for a window, and which was made by
desk, often being secured by being
stuck upright in a potata, apple, or
of a poet or philosopher, or artist, —
and he seems to have been a bit of
the simple process of cutting out one small pumpkin. Also, the teacher had
of the logs. Sometimes there were to go over them and "mend" them
all three. My father always main-
tained that he was the greatest pen-
two of these openings, one of which carefully, against the next day's les-
could be stopped up with bark or
man the world has seen, and many
son. For a schoolmaster to be able were the interesting things he would
leaves in case of rain or snow. For to do this deftly and efficiently, was a relate to me about this strangely
pupils old enough to write, a wide mark of professional competence. He unique and original man. Unlike the
slab or board was fastened along the who was a dub at it, might well lose other wandering writing-masters, he
wall in front of the light opening, his job. Good goose quills were not scoffed utterly at the pot-hooks, nor
with a long log bench beneath, to to be wasted. did he try to force his pupils to the
serve as a seat. For nearly a genera-
As to the pot-hooks, the boy or girl mechanical copying of any other writ-
tion, this crude Temple to Minerva
who could learn to make them ac- ing forms or characters. From the
sei-ved the needs of this quiet little
ceptably during an entire term of outset, he tried to impress them with
Quaker community. school, was assumed to be doing very the possibilities of grace, symmetry,
But one day. Grandfather pro- creditable work. The pot-hooks were, and beauty, in writing. He told them
pounded to me this puzzling question: of course, of supreme importance be- that the rose petal is the most beau-
"Has thee learned to make thy pot- cause they were essential to the con- tiful assemblage of curves to be found
hooks yet?" struction of those wondrous creations in all Nature. Then by much beau-
I had never heard of pot-hooks. It of art, the CAPITAL LETTERS! The tiful illustration both on paper and
transpired that they were long, queer- old-time pedagog, for some reason, blackboard, he showed them that this
looking pen-strokes, somewhat re- seemed to regard the upper-case let- exquisite form could be made to en-
sembling the neck or legs of a crane, ters of the alphabet with a veneration ter into the construction of at least
and comprised the several elements that was akin to awe. The little twenty-two of the capital letters, and
that mainly went into the make-up of primer folk usually spent the entire (Continued on page 24)
— —

18 ^^J^uJ//t^^d4i^iua/f7^ ^
ticed. Words, sentences, and para^
graphs should be used which will give
Acquiring Motor Control Through very frequent reviews of the letters
Drill and Practice in Penmanship previously practiced. In broad outline,
this is the correct procedure in prac-
By V. G. GILLESPIE. BowliiiK Green Busin ersity. Bowling Gr Ky.
tice to gain control of movement. Of
vital importance in this connection are
It seems advisable that in the very thing to make automatic or habitual rhythm drills for without correct
outset we should clearly limit and de- for without a good position the stu- rhj'thm in writing the student cannot
fine the term "acquirinK motor con- dent cannot derive the greatest pos- hope to progress as he should. Tliese
trol through drill and practice in pen- sible benefit from drill and practice. movement and rhythm drills assist
manship" because of the possibility of The second physiological problem greatly establishing uniformity-
in
getting various viewpoints of the sub- the student faces is that of getting uniformity in spacing, in slant, in
ject. We are not to think of the correct movement started. There are height, in width, in speed.
teacher's problems but of the learner's so many bones, joints, muscles, nen-es In connection with acquiring control
problems in learning penmanship. and tendons used in the act of writing of movement there are psychological
Moreover, since it is only through drill that the beginner finds himself con- problems the student must" deal with.
and practice that we learn penman- fronted with a difficult problem in get- The first psychological problem is that
ship, we are to speak of those prob- ting the right sets of muscles to mov- of mental attitude. That is to say
lems in terms of that drill and prac- ing at the right time and to the right the student must place the proper
tice that is most beneficial and effec- extent. One of the most difficult valuation on the ability to write easily
tive. We are not concerned here with things the student finds to do is to let and well. In other words the student,
the technique to be used by the the nerves and muscles relax as he to get desirable results, must have a
teacher. Devices will be spoken of should. He keeps them too tense as desire to learn penmanship. If hi.«
only from the student's viewpoint. No a rule. It is only through much repe- attitude is wrong most, if not all, of
particular system of penmanship is to tition of effort that the correct sort the time and energy he devotes to
be presented. We shall deal only with of movement is finally started. In practice will be practically wasted.
the fundamentals that are always in- other words, the student has to work The second psychological problem
volved in acquiring skill in penman- largely by the "trial and success" the student must face is that of
ship. method no matter how much excellent acquiring the correct study habits for
Before proceeding further it is well instructions he may receive, for before the learning of penmanship. He must
that we consider the aims of drill and the carrying out of these instructions learn how to use the manuals or text-
practice in penmanship. These aims becomes a habit with him, he must book materials, how to apply to him-
may be classified as ultimate and train his fingers, hands, and ai-ms self the instructions he receives both
proximate aims. A desirable hand- his muscles, nei-ves, bones, and ten- from this text-book material and from
writing is that which is legible, that —
dons to execute these instructions. his teacher, how to utilize to the best
which is written rapidly, that which is And this means a great deal of ex- advantage the illustrations antl copies
executed with ease and endurance, and perimentation on his part since his of written work that he gets from
that which is beautiful. Therefore, muscular and nei-vous make-up are these sources. All this means that he
the ultimate aims of drill and prac- different from the muscular and nerv- must observe very closely. He mu.st
tice in penmanship are (1) legibility, ous make-up of anyone else. obsei-ve his teacher, his text-book ma-
(2) speed, (3) ease and endurance, This brings us up to the third terial, and, most of all, he must ob-
and (4) beauty. These will be consid- physiological problem confronting the ser\'e himself. He must compare
eretl very briefly if at all. In order student of penmanship and that is the compare letters with each other, com-
to acquire the requisite skill in ac- problem of acquiring control of the pare his habitual position with the de-
complishing these aims, we n)ust go movement once it is correctly started. sirable position to ascertain wherein
through certain processes which in- This problem is about as much psycho- he needs to make adjustments, com-
volve mind, muscle, and nerve. In logical as it is physiological since it pare his writing with that in his text-
other words, we must acquire mus- requires intelligent study as well as book material and with that of his
cular and nervous co-ordination; we patient, diligent, intelligent practice. teacher, compare his present work
must perceive form, size, and dis- To start the movement, large move- with some of his previous work. He
tance; we must acquire correct rhythm ment drills should be used which will must learn to criticise his own work
and uniformity. "The proximate aims compel a large, free movement. Then, and to analyze himself order to
in
may be stated, then, as (1) muscular as the movement is started, these ascertain the physical or mental
and nervous co-ordination; (2) percep- movement drills may be made smaller causes of whatever undesirable result.'
tion of form, size, and distance; (,3) and may be varied so as to be ap- he may notice in his work.
correct rhythm; and (4) uniformity. plicable to different letters. Individ- The last psychological problem, tn
It can easily be seen from these proxi- ual letters should next be practiced, be mentioned here, which the student
mate aims that the problems of the first in a large, retraced form and of penmanship must deal with is dis-
student in acquiring motor control then changed to more nearly the cor- couragement. .After practicing intel-
through drill and practice in penman- rect size without retracing. "This helps ligently for quite a time and making
ship are of both physiological and to carry the movement established by even remarkable improvement the
psychological conse(|uence. approximate movement drills over in- average student, until he has his at-
For the sake of convenience we shall to the individual letters, makes it tention called to the difference be-
consider the student's physiological ea.sier for the student to get the tween his present and liis past work,
and psychological problems somewhat proper perception of the form of the thinks he is retrograding instead of
apart from each other though in actual letter, its proportion and its slant, and progressing. This is because he leanis
drill and practice these problems are is one of the greatest aids in gaining how letters should be made mucli
so closely inter-related that they can- control Then letters may be prac- more easily and rapidly than he
not be dealt with in this manner. Drill ticed in groups. Appropriate words acquires the skill to make them and
and practice in each of these have to should be practiced for each letter. also because his improvement is so
be very closely correlated. Sentences should be practiced as soon gradual that it is hardly noticeable to J

First, we shall consider the physio- as possible and paragraph antl page him from day to day. The best de-
loirical problems. It is essential that writing should follow as soon as the vice he can employ in dispelling his
the student ac<iuire certain physical student has had a sufficient number of discouragement is to make from time
No words, sentences, or para-
j

habits or attitudes as soon as pos- letters. to time a fair and honest comparison j

sible. The first is the habit of assum- graphs should be practiced which con- of his present work with that which i

ing and maintaining correct posture tain letters that have not already re- he did on some more remote date.
A good habitual postion is important ceived individual attention since to do This is, of course, only a summar>
both from the viewpoint of learning otherwise would be to create incorrect of the fundamental problems ever>'
to write and from the viewpoint of writing habits in making the letters student of penmanship must meet an<l
caring for the health. This is the first that have not previously been prac- solve.

^ f^^^^tid/ned^^is'dtu^i^ ^
one that will furnish incentive for the
whole semester and one for the single
Penmanship Devices and Plans recitation.
graph
The individual chart or
and the daily grading of at
are invited to contribute short, helpful methods least part of the papers during class
250 words to this department. Pass your ideas oi
time were advocated. The latter
serves as an immetliate reward of ef-
Extract from an address by Mrs. DO'S AND DON'TS IN HIGH
fort.

Elizabeth Landon, Director of Hand- SCHOOL PENMANSHIP CLASSES Lapses cannot wholly be prevented
writing, Binghamton, N. Y., at Cen- if we believe our psychologists. The
Tlie following points were taken
tral N. Y. Dist. Meeting, Syracuse, N. best prevention lies in highly stimu-
from a talk given to the New Eng- lated interest in writing skill, and in
Y., Oct. 22 and 23, 1925. land Penmanship Association at Bos- raising the skill and habit to such a
A general aim is selected, such as ton, by S. 0. Smith, High School of high standard that even after some
smoothness of line, straightness of Commerce, Springfield, Mass.: loss the skill demonstrated is still
the line of writing, shape of letters, Lessons involving imitation have passable.
uniformity of slant and spacing, and the following steps:
accuracy of speed. This aim is placed
on the blackboard and referred to at
1. Setting the model copy and ex- — WHAT TEACHERS EXPECT
the beginning of each written lesson
ample or demonstration. FROM A SUPERVISOR
during the day. Often the pupils are 2. Trial and error learning. OF HANDWRITING
reminded by the teacher saying, "This 3. Criticism, preferably by the
is an applied penmanship period. learner. [Editor's Note: The average teacher measures
What are we trying to remember?" 4. Drill, which is an essential in all the Supervisor's worth in terms of the amount
of help, inspiration, etc., she can get from the
The best teacher when preparing a .subjects where comprehension alone is Supervisor, but there are. of course, many
lesson, takes time to write it out in not sufficient but where value other requirements which all Supervisors
lies in
full. In addition to this she learns to skill. should know. In the Zanerian Summer School
last summer, this question was offered to the
write well and demonstrates each step
The problem of the drill lesson can student teachers in a written quiz; "As a
of the lesson. Someone has said, Grade Teacher, what do you expect from a
be broken up into the following objec-
"When you hear a teacher say, 'I tives
Supei-visor of Handwriting?" Weare print-
can't write well but I can teach
:
ing below the answer to this question as given
(a) Getting sufficient correct repe- by two of the grade teachers in the class. If
writing,' you may rest assured that you, as a Supervisor, can measure up to their
she has a splendid imagination." titions. expectations, we congratulate you. At any
(b) Maintaining proper interest or rate, we believe that you will be a better Su-
pervisor after having read this article.!
TEACHERS TRAINING CLASS attention throughout the drill process.
(c) Prevention of lapses. Answer No. 1
One hundred and five teachers are The main part of the address was "The supervisor is to me one of the
now enrolled in the Teacher Training devoted to a discussion of effective greatest helps in my teaching, espe-
Course, which meets once each week drill. Where time is limited especial cially if .she be a good Supervisor. I
for twenty weeks in the Louisville, emphasis must be placed upon the let- have in mind now a Supervisor who
Ky., Public Schools, under the direc- ters and words most often used. An regularly visited my class room each
tion of A. M. Hinds. analysis of various kinds of materials month. Her visits were scheduled by
Louisville is to be complimented on proves that the vowels, a, e, i, o, u are her several days in advance and we
itsplan for training teachers and also relatively more important than other knew no rain or snow or any weather
to be complimented on the results letters with e the most used of all, condition would keep her from her
which it is securing in handwriting. and that t, h, s, r, n, are the five most duty. As she always had something
Mr. A. A. Kamrath, recently with important consonants. new to present we began to look for-
the Churchill School of Business,
The most used words, according to ward to her coming. I always felt a
E. T. Housh who counted all the words new courage and enthusiasm for my
Lakewood, O., is a new teacher in the
in ten different books are: the, and, work after her visits. Her criticisms
Chicago Business College.
to, a, I, he, in, you, it, of, is, was, they,
if adverse were kindly given and every
The Misses Helen Feuchter, Madge etc. These are given in order of fre-
McEwen and Mr. P. H. Sellers are one under her felt that she was a real
quency, thus making "the" the com- teacher. She would bring into her
new commercial teachers in the High monest English word.
School at Oil City, Pa. work, work of other subjects so we
The correctness of repetition de- knew she was not always thinking
Mrs. May D. Hopkins of Cedar pends largely upon interest, and in- Penmanship.
Falls, Iowa, is a recent addition to the terest in public school writing is most
staff of the Commercial Department effectively obtained by motivation. Answer No. 2
in the Richwood, W. Va., High School. Two kinds of motives are desirable "A Supervisor of Writing should
know more than the teacher; should
know how to teach other subjects;
should be well up on methods; .should
be able to give helpful suggestions;
should know how to cooperate with
others; be a good leader in executive
lines; should have a pleasing per-
sonality; should be a good mixer and
know the system to be taught and
the good points from other systems.
She should also be a good organizer
and have the right attitude toward
the higher officials. She should teach
occasionally and lend aid to new
teachers; .should keep records filed for
reference at any time."

Miss Cordelia Andrews has recently


been engaged to teach commercial
subjects in the Cambria Business Col-
lege, Johnstown, Pa.
20 ^ .:^J^uU/i^^^;&iai^i!r ^
FAMOUS LETTERS

School), Ga. Writ* .nd tril him wh.t )roa think of his ktler. He. of coume. doe> not know that this letter » beiniTpiiblUhed.
^ ^^^<^uJ/?ted4^(a^^^iu^9 21

i?«!«iMStt»

/
y
'^ i H |!« i^ h.
hit
^
'

Y
V ^ ^ ^ V ^ o

"^ .^ ^ ^V \' C < s^ >^ O ^'


V

w ©.4:
'~*^ -M s 'S Iff fe

t=? r -rM -& '.£>• i5> s •u*


fc in £ -^ ~

UflJlJl^.t'
22 C//l^'3^UJ//l^^(^''<(<^^fU^l^fh^ ^
f^Jr^uJ//i^M^<^yiU^i^^ ^ 23

Department of Research in Handwriting


Handwriting Suncj To Dpterminc Finishing Standards tor the

( Continued from Jailuary)


TABLE VII
Grades 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Speed (letters per minute)... 30 35 45 55 65 70 76 80 85
Quality (based on standard s calesK 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 73
The above table the
nd gen ral nting) the
the second term.
Grade standards having now been determined, it becomes j

from time to time to see whether or not these standards have


Definition of Good Writing
The elements of good writing- are shown below in outline form.

I Legibility
^J Good Appearance
Character
Good writing
I

Mrs. Robert Reid, formerly Miss


I Same as for reader Audrey Douglas, North Carolina Rep-
Rapidity resentative of the Zaner-Bloser Com-
iter
Ease and Endurance
pany, is a graduate of the Fairmont
I

For the reader legibility always comes first. The writing must not be merely legible, it State NoiTnal Training College, Fair-
must be easy to read. Good appearance comes next. Writing should be neat and pleasing in
appearance and. therefore, sightly to the eye. Character or individuality in handwriting is
mont, W. Va., and of the Zanerian
ipleasing to the reader and the absence of it leaves the writing about as expressive as a cold College of Penmanship, Columbus, O.
leaningless handshake. However, it will always belong in the reader's estimation after legibility
d good appeara: Six years' teaching experience in
The unselfish writer will be interested in the legribility and appearance of his writing and the grades and three years' experience
should find pleasi e in the expression of his individuality in the writing. Handwriting is an as a Supervisor have given her a
intimate expressic of the personality, especially in one's signature. Let it be emphasized how-
r3ver. that no one right to offer the excuse that he was writing to express individuality
splendid background for the work
.as a substitute for the legibility and sightliness of the -riting. Many poor writers seem to which she has been doing in the
use the term character as a handy catch-all for all the listakes of their writing due to lack schools of North Carolina as a Visit-
of training, haste, carelessness and indifference. They mediately hide behind this cloak the
moment their poor writing is called to their attention, ing Supen-isor of Handwriting for the
individuality is no more to be
desired than that which comes through being cross-eyed ing just one leg. Character Zaner-Bloser Company.
handwriting is not something eccentric or unsightly, but something individual and pie;
ing. Individuality in har riting is not antagonistic to legibility and pleasing appearance. I
-
-
-
In the past two years Mrs. Reid has
Lrather should be harmon illy associated with them. It should be noted that neatness, ca traveled thousands of miles, conducted
fulness, orderli hich the business man looked f' ting are all hundreds of teachers' meetings and in-
positive traits of character which make for excellence in the handwriting. After all.
be remembered that the reader is
stitutes and taught two large sum-
ily interested in reading the message, not reading
the character of the writer. The ^ riter further concerned with the speed at hich the writ- mer classes at the North Carolina Col-
ing can be done and with the ease of the process. Undoubtedly, healthful and lege for Women, Greensboro, N. C.
efficient position combined with a nd easy movement are instrumental i
desirable qualities.
securing these When Mrs. Reid is not traveling, she
Writing lives at 315 Spring St., Hamlet, N. C.
of poor vriting may be (1) poor perception. (2) lack of motor con-
trol, C le haste. n differ. Writing is also affected by one's age and
NEW S NOTES
.

physical conditi ition and somewhat by fleetii ions. It is the duty of the teacher to give
,

.sufficient letter ord analysis to produce clear and true perception and to see that there is
mt and proper practice for the acquisition >f motor control. Undue haste, carelessness Miss Mildred K. Gardner, is a new
difference produce far more poor writing ...tha 1 the first and second causes combined. Rec-
.ognizing this, the teacher should see that the pupils have sufficient time for the writing of the commercial teacher in the High School
'written work which is assigned. (This is frequently overlooked). The formation of careless at Mapleton, Maine.
"habits should be prevented by emphasizing the value of carefulness and by refusing to accept
papers that are carelessly written. The feeling of indifference should never be allowed to de- Miss Gladys A. Cunningham is a
velop in the writing class. The teacher is the leader and the source from whom the interest new teacher in the Commercial De-
and enthusiasm of the writing classes must spring. The desire or "atmosphere" for good writ-
'ing must be created and maintained. The real teacher of handwriting must be a good teacher, partment of the High School at
skillful, enthusiastic and sympathetic. Any doubting Thomas who believes that all great men Castine, Maine.
were poor writers, could be informed that President Garfield taught writing in Hiram College,
that John Hancock and many other great men were good scribes. Some men have become great Miss Winifred E. Edwards o f
in spite of their bad handwriting. Their poor writing was not an asset to them and they were
never proud of it. They simply had not acquired the skill to make them good writers.
Bloomsburg, Pa., has recently ac-
How Our Handwriting Varies cepted a position as assistant secre-
Most i^eople are possessed of three kinds or degrees of handwriting their careful, their — tary in the Ogontz School, Pa.
usual and their careless. A study of this was made by collecting specimens of writing done
under these three conditions. The results are shown below in Charts VIII and IX. The Misses Jennie Johnson., of
Brooklyn, Iowa, and Mary Harris
<;<» ^ /e.^ ; Young of Waterloo, Iowa, and Mr.
William Peterson of Minneapolis are
u^^./ I new commercial teachers in the Du-
buque, Iowa, High School.
i^^reyr u /
r A fine specimen of Professional
Business Writing has been received
from Mary Moore, a teacher in the
QUALITY ON AYRES HANDWRITING SCALE Lima, Ohio, Business College.
Showing how quality of handwriting varies with different degrees of
penmanship are included in this chart.)
of professional
^
The Plummer School of Engraving,
Care./iiJ. ^ 52 Germain St., St. John, N. B., Can-
ada, sent us a sample of their hand
i
(/So,a /
engraved script which is very skill-
fully done.
C<,re^o 1
Cs
We would like to see more people
< learn hand engraving of penmanship
for with the engraver's tool it is pos-
QUALITY ON AYRES HANDWRITING SCALE sible to get so much finer quality of
Chart IX. Showing how quality of handwriting varies with different degrees of
cimens of professional penmanship are included in this chart.) line than from the photo-engraving
(Continued on page 32) method quite generally used.
'

^ ^^^t^SuJi'/t^^d'^i^uai/fr'
Final Summary
\\
In conclusion it is well to sum-
marize certain important points to be
Public School Handwriting constantly kept in mind. It is a good
plan to question the children, at the
(A Comprehensive Bird's-eye ^ iew of Handwriting b> a Normal School Teacher.)
beginning of the year, on what they
Br E. F. EDEL, Norther Illinois State Teachers' Cellege, DeKalb, III.
know about writing. Short talks about

position how to hold the pen —
how to
slide on finger nails, etc The ideal
(Continued from January) scious of such a standard in her own lesson period for writing should be
Third and Fourth Grades work and the hurried work she places fifteen or twenty minutes daily and
The work in the third and fourth upon the board she should erase as should come before the morning re-
grades should be closely connected soon as possible. cess if possible. The first papers at
with that of the preceding grades. Tlie Pupils should be urged to continue the beginning of each month should be
pupils whose position is good and who a silent count while the teacher is filedso that the amount of progress
use a free motion should be given counting. This will help greatly to made by each pupil may be deter-
pens and taught how to use them. This develop co-ordination of mind and mined. The most useful writing is
privilege accorded some will encour- muscle. It will also strengthen their the plain business hand and all flour-
age the others to bring their work up writing so that they will be able to ishing and shading should be discour-
to the same standard. In these grades work out problems independently. The aged in the grades. Standard capital
it is very helpful to study the alpha- best pupils should be encouraged to and small letters should be used ha-
bet in groups according to similarity help the teacher with the count, there- bitually in all written work. Writing
of form and of motion. The groups by giving the teacher an opportunity should be as rapid as is consistent
are as follows: O, A, C, E, D and i, n, to give individual help. with good form. Close concentration
*, w, t; P, B, R, and n, m, x. v; H, K, Seventh and Eighth Grades should be required looking toward the
N, M, and c, o, a, r, s; V, U, W, Y and If penmanship has been given its gradual increase of quality in writing.
TJ, d; I, J, and 1, b, h, k; X, Q, Z and due consideration in the preceding It is very important to develop a criti-
j, y, g; L, G and z, f, q; and last F, T. grades, the period allotted for this cal attitude on the part of the pupil
In developing these letters a certain subject in the seventh and eighth toward his work. The teacher's criti-
amount of drill is necessary to obtain grades can be used profitably for a cism should be constructive showing
freedom and control of the rhythmical great many purposes, such as exer- means of correction and commending
movement. If these exercises are cises in connection with written lan- work well done.
-dramatized they can be made interest- guage or other studies. This may in-
ing and enjoyable to the children. clude the copying of poems, songs, REMINISCENCES OF A
However, care should be taken not to recipes, or other dictated material, NON-PROFESSIONAl
carry a drill of this kind beyond the letter writing and addressing of en- (Continued from page 17)
point of fatigue. To make the writing velopes or even the writing of exami-
nations. Since clear numerical figures many of the small ones. He insisted,
<;arry over into the other subjects
too, that to accomplish the construc-
short stories may be used. The stories are very important in business, the
time may sometimes be used in prac- tion of these beautiful forms with a
should contain simple words and
ticing the making of figures with pen, the pupils must learn to use the
should be written either from memory
or from the blackboard. The writing speed and accuracy. muscles of the upper ai-m, and keep
In order to develop interest and to the movements of the arm and hand
of these stories should be to the pupil
in the main an expression of thought arouse a keen desire on the part of untrammeled. In trying to enforce
the pupils for good writing in general this condition, he sometimes discov-
rather than a form of manual skill.
The child should desire to improve his they may be asked to make season- ered his possession of what we now
writing, not primarily because he able cards, posters or folders, and to call the "artistic temperament." In
wishes to attain .skill, but because he illuminate initial letters of short those days, it was the custom for the
wishes to express his thoughts so that verses, or to design borders that may larger girls to encase their arms in

they may be grasped easily and ac- add to the effectiveness and make in- the tightest of sleeves. This was
£uratelv bv others. teresting Christmas, Easter or Valen- probably a matter of economy rather
Fifth and Sixth Grades tine gifts. Also children like to make than of fashion. It took many weari-
The foundation for good penman- copies of famous poems and prose se- some hours to spin and weave a yard
ship is laid in the first four grades. lections such as Van Dyke's Christmas of cloth, and material was not to be
It is the work of the remaining grades Giving, the Gettysburg Address or wasted. But those tightly bandaged
to strengthen and develop a type of others. feminine arms did not go with the
penmanship that will be useful There should be enough systematic arm movement. Their fingers might
throughout the life of the pupil The drill to bring the desired speed with- as well have been attached to the end
preceding work should be reviewed in out sacrificing form. Tests should be of a rolling pin. In the case of the
order to develop fluency of writing given to determine speed and quality, boys, Mr. Spencer could make them
words and sentences without the loss the average requirement being unity take off their coats and write in their
of the habits already established. to one hundred letters a minute. .shirt-sleeves or even in their bare
Large size paper with three-eighths Charts such as have already been sug- arms, but this procedure would hardly
ruling can now be used. lesson gested in the grading of Handwriting do in the case of the girls. Finally,
periods of from fifteen to twenty min- should be used for diagnosing faults in despair, one evening, the great
utes in length should be continued in handwriting and for checking up writing master, whipped out his pen-
•daily. The pupils should now be able the desired standard on all written knife, and gave his girls an unforget-
to take easy dictation, .short verses, work. The children can check each able object lesson by slitting each of
simple sentences and short stories, at other's work with the scale. Laxness their sleeves clear up to the elbow!
the rate of sixty or seventy letters a in daily requirements will result in Although my father attended Mr j

minute. Special attention should be carelessness on the part of the pupil Spencer's writing classes but a single
given to alignment, spacing, margins, which is one of the greatest enemies term, and that when he was but a lad.
height, slant, size and general neat- of good writing. A high standard his handwriting ever after bore thi-
ness in all written work. The de- .should be maintained. Certificates and unmistakable mark of the Master
mands for the application of the writ- merits are of value. The enjoyment Graceful ovals and shaded "capital
ing habit are daliy growing more nu- of competing and of attaining a fine stems" gave grace and dignity to
merous in these grades. Hence the piece of workmanship aids a great many of his capitals, while the un
fienmanship lesson should be devoted deal in maintaining the standard. The gainly pot-hooks and shapeless, squab
argely to the study of better letter pupil should constantly be .shown the by small letters had gone forever
forms in words and sentences and usefulness of legible writing in later Spencer's career shows the power of|
throughout a standard of accuracy
and neatness .should be maintained.
life— its worth to students during an idea when it is once lodged in an
their high .school and college work undefatigable soul.
The teacher herself should be con- and its absolute necessity in business. (To be continued)
I ^ ^^^t^u^i/^i^dS^i^^/iu^i/h^ 25

Ornamental Penmanship
By H. L. DARNER, Samson Motor Co., Pittsburgh, Pa.

'1^. y

^'^^^^7-2^^t^dy^::z^'^'Z^€:iC'C^^^

The above group of signatures was sent to by that skillful penman, Rene Guillard, Evar ston. 111. We masterpiece. The names
are of well known penmen who have been student the Zanerian College, Columbus,
At the time Mr. Guillard attended the Zanerian, Mr rner was an instructor, and Mes Gr Baird. Brownfield, Hackman, Meub
Lupfer were students there.
Mr. Wonnell attended the Zanerian in 1905 and late: became an instructor. He is now supervisor of writing at Cincinnati, Ohio. Mr. Grove
and Mr. Baird are engrossers in Chicago. Mr. D; rner is now manager of the Samson Motor Car Company. Pittsburgh. Pa. Mr. Norder
is an engrosser in Pittsburgh. Mr. Strickland is an engrosser in Philadelphia. Mr. Brownfield is a penman and engrosser in Cleveland. Mr.
Hackman is in Philadelphia. Mr. Meub in Pasadeni Cal., Mr. Henning is with Cedar Rapids. Iowa. Business College and Mr. Lupfer is now
,

instructor in the Zanerian.


^ ^^J^Uii/n^ii^iSa&u^a^ ^
Signatures of Penmen and Teachers of Penmanship
Send your signature written in black ink, or better, a cut of your signature for this page, which will contain plain and fancy sisna-
tores of men and women who are devoting their time and efforts to better
penmanship.

Penmanship Instructor, Colo. State Teachers College.

Pittsburgh, Pa.
^cJ^^^J^^fZ
.g^n^;^

Penman in Miami-Jacobs Business College, Dayton, U.

High School of Commerce. Springfield. Mass. Trenton, New Jersey.

i^'^-Z^.C-'y^
The way Mr. Doner signs his letters. Rochester, N. Y.

/^/c^f
Engrosser of Philadelphia.

Supenisor of Writing Mass. State Normal Schools. Maxwell Training School for Teachers. New York City.

A Ivpiral llrnnis sieiinlurr.

Keep your eye on this page. Some slated that the January page was the best one. We have more good signatures to publish. 1*1 us kno
FOREMAN. RETIRED
I

aiiD Italic laluiriH'iuu5?H(f^Mv-iiialMrrfltiinantiw dWm


w yvc^^

nA/LVivm/^/mjFfMr/ms
_ , (cinMij (ill^'>^'•^l^<lir•^,al;^ Hwhas: |•,l«j^^ bk l.ol;^»rc^ fortiwui) ijcarr to coinc u-itnJiic urc<crMJ:
uiru'iti] u? ii; a nciijIUvrl-^ •au'i) <^^\ man ?o Lia)i: of \\iA\\. <o hro.u^ of :ioul, i.w'i' 50 -a'orllvi) lo Iv iiuinlvu'i*"

V' ;
l Msi|M|| ||:|:i , Williumlfteitii. j-^.^ta.
28 .^J^uJ/neU^4'^<^iu:a/^7- ^
Modern Broad-Pointed Lettering

^
WILLIS A. BAIRD ENGROSSING STUDIO
440 Wrigley Building, North Section, Chicago.

HB CD Gil
IIFBlimBOJQa
The missal capitals will be found useful by anyone who attempts an illuminated resolution. No other style has
ever been so widely used in illuminated work. It is intended for a decorative letter for the beginning of paragraphs
and other places where display is desirable. The letter should be drawn ijuite carefully in pencil and then painted
with a brush. The letter is usually of gokl or color, and between the letters themselves and the background, there
is unlimited opportunity for decoration. The libraries and museums of most cities of considerable size contain
reproductions of Illuminated Manuscripts of the Middle Ages. These should be carefully studied by the student.
There are more examples of the old work available, either in the original or in reproductions, than of modem
work in this style, and the best of the old work (13th to 16th century) has never been equalled or even closely ap-
proached by the best of modem engrossers. Free, graceful letters are more to be desired than absolute accuracy
in this style. A number three Winsor & Newton round red sable water color brush will be found to be very good
for painting in the letters. Make the letters in red and use any simple decorative background you may see in
various designs, in blue, and you will get very pleasing results.

Thia drawinit was made by Arthur P. Meyers, 1 By H. H. Slatsr who has made a careful
Los Angeles, Calif.,
Pa., the younir engrosser whose work will be study of birds, > not only fjourishca birds bat draws them
often in this journal. Keep your eye on his v true to nature ii
^ .^^J.^UJl/i^^^^/iU^l/^ ^ 2»

DESIGNING &
ENGROSSING
E. L. BROWN
Rockland. Me.
Send :lf-addressed postal for criticism, and
stamps for return of specimens
Work of this nature intere.stingi.=;

and useful for borders, and any pur-


pose where decorative effects are re-
quired. Drawing, har-
Decorative mony and action are
Scroll Work elements of greatest
importance in this class
of work, — all must be included, none —
should be omitted.
Lay very roughly aiming for
off
general shape and masses first, as
suggested in sketch, then follow with
the detail drawing, developing and re-
fining your rough sketch ready for
inking. Study color values carefully.
Where the background is dark, every-
thing on that background must be
lighter in tone in order to preserve
the contrast. Outline the blossoms
with quite a thick line, adding a relief
line on outer edges next, then the
background of thick, parallel lines.
Finish blossoms with very fine broken
lines, openly spaced. Treat back-
ground in upper part of panel in
same way, varying the direction of
the lines, and aiming for evenness of
tone. Lastly let us add this: Study
your lines, thickness, spacing, direc-
tion, etc., and do not attempt that
sketchy, haphazard method used by
cartoonists and others, as it is totally
unfit for commercial designs and en-
grossed work.
Tills design contains ample material
for many designs and we would sug-
gest that you incorporate parts of this
design with another, and thus develop
your skill and originality at the same
time. Gladly criticize your work at
any time. Commercial designing pays
good money.

ISAAC PITMAN & SONS, New


York, report the following adoptions
on the New York Board of Education
Supply List for 1926-1929:—
THE EXPERT DICTATOR, SUP-
PLEMENT EXERCISES BOOK 11,
ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY by John
McFarlane, M. A., WRITING "ILLU-
MINATING & LETTERING by
Edward Johnston, and EMBROIDERY
& PATTERN DESIGN by Miss H.
Fowler and Craggs.
C. F.
A recent adoption by the Detroit
(Michigan) Board of Education is
HAND LOOM WEAVING by Luther
Hooper.

HANDWRITING EXPERT. Script for Pub-


lishers. Dirlomas made and filled. Resolutions
Engrossed. Lessons in Ornate Card Writing.
Scrap Book cards 50c. Your name 35c doz.

7fil Noble Rd. CLEVELAND, O.


I

30 di^ f^^f^^uJ^'/i^ii^ia^f/iua^r* ^ II

B. C. Bacon, formerly of Heald's


Business College, Oakland, Calif., re-
cently purchased a business school in
that city. The name of the school
will be the Oakland Secretarial School.
Mr. Bacon recently married a grad-
uate of the Gregg School of Chicago,
who is an experienced teacher and
will have charge of the Stenographic
and Comptometry work.
Mr. Bacon is an experienced school
man and is a skillful penman.
Under the guidance of these two
experienced teachers the school will
undoubtedly be very successful.
Miss Eunice E. Fitts of Rockville,
S. C, is a new commercial teacher in
the E. C. Glass High School at Lynch-,
B.V A. D. Taylor. The Master
burg, Va.
i|
MR. MEADOWS SAYS
Stuiients should not lose sight of
the fact that a good personal appear-
ALBERT TEACHERS' AGENCY
Symes Bids.. Colo.
ance, character, and honesty are just
as essential as training in the busi-
25 E. Jackson Blvd.. Chicago. III. I
437 Fifth Ave. New York City. Peyton Bldg.. Spokane, wasi ness subjects. If you haven't a good
Forty-First year. We
have secured PROMOTION
for many thousands personality, if you are not neat in
of teachers. A large percentasre of these were men and women in your dress and work, begin at once t«
CO.MMERCIAL BRANCHES. need We
well prepared teachers for good cultivate these things.
positions in high grade schools. Our booklet contains a message for Do not use a business phone for so-
you. Send for it. cial conversations, if it can be avoided.
As an illustration, if you "hang" on
our phone, you may knock us out of
AN ART SUPPLEMENT (Fourteen by Twenty Inches) an inquiry or a call for a stenographef
or a bookkeeper. If it is the latter,
Giving actual size patterns for cut-outs and illustrated you may be hurting yourself. In
directions for construction problems, comes with JDUsiness, you may knock your boss out
THE SOUTHERN SCHOOL JOURNAL, of a sale, aid lose your job.
NEWPORT, K Y. (Mr. Meadows is President ofi
Draughon's Business College, Shreve-
Beginning with January, 1926.
port, La.)
(Send for sample copy.)
Club The Business
Educator Now.
are many penholders on the market; but the MAGNUSSON
PROFES-
SIONAL is the only penholder that has won its reputation on its own merit for LEARN POLICY ENGROSSING
ornamental writing. The thin stem which is so desirable cannot be made suc- a Kood salary'. Twciv
cessfully with an automatic lathe, therefore they are HAND MADE of selected rosewood. (Loot .vou to do the work. My
for the brand). The A. "MaKnusson Professional" hand turned holders are adjusted especially "twelve years as policy wi
for penmanship. 8 inch plain, each 35c; 8 inch inlaid. 75c; 12 inch plain, 76c: 12 inch ntecd salisfaclio
inlaid, $1.35.

A. MAGNUSSON. 208 N. 5th STREET. QUINCY, ILL.

A PROFITABLE VOCATION 501 Pleasant Si. HAMMONTON. Ne


I^arn to letter Price Tickets and Show Cards. It is easy to do RAPID. CLEAN CUT LET-
TERING with our improved I-cttering Pens. MANY .STUDENTS ARE ENABLED TO CON-
TINUE THEIR STUDIES THROUGH THE COMPENSATION RECEIVED UY LETTERING
PRICE TICKETS AND SHOW CARDS, FOR THE SMALLER MERCHANT. OUTSIDE OF
Home Study —Free Tuition
SCHOOL HOURS. Practical lettcrine outfit consisting of 3 Marking and 3 Shading Pens. 1 High School. Normal. Business. Law. Civ
color of Lettering Ink. sample Show Card in colors, instructions, figures and alphabets Service, Engineerinfr. Drawing. Domesti*
Dreoaid ILOO. PRACTICAL COMPENDIUM OF COMMERCIAL PEN LETTER- Science. Salesmanship and ColleKiate courS'
ING AND DESIGNS 100 Pages 8x11. contain- thorouRThly taught by mail. Tj'pcwriting cour
ing 122 plat«9 of Commercial Pen alphabets free of tuition.
finished Show Cards in colors, etc.— a complete
instructor for the Marking and Shading Pen,
prepaid. One Dollar.
Dept. B PONTIAC, MICH., U. S. A. RHIM^GHKR
MEUBS PROFESSIONAL OBLIQUE PENHOLDERS
Are boinK usod by the finest iM-nmcn of the country.— such men as I^-hmiin. Guilhinl. CrilTith,
Heath. Blanchnrd. Unlie. and Tolley, the roan who does all the pen work at the White House
for PrcHident and Mth. CoolidKc.
You will do better pcnmanahip with one of my Professional Obliques. Try one, and be
convinced. I adjust each holder so that it makes true, clear-cut shades. My holders are
made of expensive, imported woods from Africa, South America, and Mexico rosewood, — CARDWRITERS' SUPPLIES
palm, manzanita, tulipwood, ebony, teakwood, and beautifully inlaid with bits of Ivory. No INK— (Very Best)— Snow While, liic per bet
holder made to equal It. tic; Gloss Black, 20c; Gold, 20c; Silver. 2((!
The cost is $1.50, and well worth the price. You do not need to send money. Simply BLANK CARDS — Lodge Emblem; Tinte.1
write that you wish to try one. and you can pay the postman when it is delivered to you. Comic; Linen and Kid finished Whin
Samples. 10c.
A. P. MEUB, Expert Penman CARD CASES— Bookform. 60c per doxcri
2365 MAR VISTA AVE. PASADENA. CALIFORNIA. L*ather-Aluminum ?2.8.'j per doz. Sample
F. N. LAWRENCE PORTLAND. INDIANi
'^l^^UJ/zi^J^^^/iu^li^ ^
A Good Opportunity TEACHERS WE PLAGE YOU >J THE BETTER
POSITIONS
To two or tliree persons we can give Established 1906 Unexcelled Service «7_ ..
] Ir Normal and College Graduates
an opportunity to work for part or BRANCH OFFICES:
RpckrMr-TEACHtRs
probably all expenses while taking a AGfr/s/CY Portland, Ore, Minneapolis, Minn, Kansas City, Mo.

4I0U.S,Nat, Bank Bldc. Denver, Colo, N W, Baik lldg, Lomett Eiclianee RIalle Bl<{.
:ourse in penmanship. You can pre-
pare as a teacher, professional pen-
man, or engrosser. Write today, giv-
A FEW GOOD PLACES
We have available for early engagement a fe >v really desirable positions in both public
inp your age, nationality, education, and private commercial schools, at salaries run riing from $1800 to $3000, Soon school
officials who look ahead will be filing their calls for next year*s help. If you are hungry
previous occupation, etc.
for a change, you would better take a seat at the first table. We are ready to serve you.

Address 584.
THE NATIONAL COMMERCIAL TEACHERS AGENCY, (A Specialty by a Special!
E. E. GAYLORD. Mgr., Prospect Hill, Beverly, Mass.
Care Business Educa Columbus. Ohii

PARTNER WANTED- Married man 27


to 40 to talie half interest in Commercial Col- LARGEST TEACHER PLACEMENT WORK IN THE U. S.
lege in the most iirosjierous little city in the
Ozarks
business.
— best —
climate to work up to large
$1,000 reduired.
Under One Management, Direction
28 E. Jackson Blvd., Chicago
of E. E. Dip,

.\ddress. Box 583, Business Educator. FISK TEACHERS AGENCY. 28 E. Jackson Blvd., Chicago. For many years a leader.
COLUMBUS, OHIO. Largest of the Fisk Agencies, Recently doubled its space. Incorporated in 1916,
NATIONAL TEACHERS AGENCY. Southern Building. Washington. Affiliated offices
•iflelv

"An
FOR SALE
Excellently located, paying: school in
AMERICAN COLLEGE BUREAU, Chicago Temple, Chicago; 1256 Amsterdam Ave., New
^ork.

York.
College
EDUCATION SERVICE.
work only. Operates on a cost basis,
811-823 Steger Building. Chicago: 1256 Amsterdam Ave,. New
Public school work a specialty, including teaching, commercial and administrative
Atlantic coast city. No competition. Espe- positions.
""^ If you attend the meeting of the Department of Superintendence at Washington, Feb, 21-25,
cially suitable for two people. Tei come to see us at our Booth No, 80, a few steps from the registration desk.
sonable." Box 582,
cai The B
Educator, Columbus. Ohii

[territory.
for gale in south central
college
climate. Will net man
Wonderful
The WEST and ALASKA
Teachers actually placed from Alaska to New J
Free Enrolln
I'e need you for 1926,
and wife $5,000 if properly mana8:ed. Costs E. L, HUFF TEACHERS AGENCY MISSOULA, MONTANA.
iess than this and less than inventory. Ad-
idress Box 580, care The Business Educator,
Columbus. Ohio. POSITIONS FOR TEACHERS-
Pes
WANTED
ith a reliable Business College by a
BUSINESS COLLEGES FOR SALE
Splendid salaries, choice positions, beginning and experienced teachers wanted.
Write for free literature state qualifications briefly. Money making businese
;

man of many years experience along the lines colleges for sale. —
Write for particulars no charge.
of commercial education, as school manager, Address M, S, COLE, Sec'y,

advertising man. general all-round commercial CO-OPERATIVE INSTRUCTORS' ASS'N, 41 Cole BUg., MARION, IND.
school assistant or solicitor. Best references
furnished and required. Address Action, care
Business Educator, Columbus, Ohio.

Commercial Teachers Placed By Us In


Twenty-nine States This Season!
During the past several months we have sent commercial teachers to 29 dif-
ferent states —
16 to New Jersey: 17 to North Carolina; 16 to Pennsylvania:
8 to Mississippi; 15 to West Virginia: 10 to Kentucky: 7 to Florida: 11 to
Virginia 7 to South Carolina, etc.
: Second semester high school openings
will be coming in soon. We have good business college vacancies on file now.
If you are interested in a commercial teaching position, write us for an en-
rollment blank.

CONTIN ENTAL TEACHER S' AGENCY


BOWLING GREEN, KENTUCKY.

GET THIS SERVICE Space in more than fifty magazines,


direct methods, and contact with
15,000 members, keeps us in touch with leading schools and
POLK'S REFERENCE BOOK colleges.Commercial teachers are in demand. If on our list,
FOR DIRECT MAIL ADVERTISERS you won't miss the good openings.
Siiows how to Increase your business by
Write for details.
the use of Direct Mail Advertising, 6(1 paces
full of vital business facts ami figures. Who,
where and how many prospects you have.
Over 8,000 lines of business covered.

R. L.
Write
POLK &
for your FREE
CO., Detroit, Mich.
copy.
Specialists' Educational Bureau
307 POLK BUILDING Robert A. Grant, President, Odeon BIdg.,
nche of V. S.
St. Louis, Mo.
32 f^J^u^'n^M'^^leua^h^ ^
(Continued from page 23)
The specimens of professional i.»enraanship raised the standard of each of the three kinds HIGH OPADE.
of handwriting, but affected the usual most, indicating that penmen are, as a rule, more careful
of their ordinar>' writing than others. That the degree of care exercised in writing is a power-
ful factor in determining its quality is quite evident from a study of Charts VIII and IX. Some
writers had 75 points of difference between their careful and careless specimens.
DIPLOMASa^-
A clear, readable handwriting depends, in most cases, upon the will and desire of the writer
to write legibly. The handwriting of the world is suffering more from haste, carelessness and
indifference on the part of the writers than from their lack of ability to write better. The
CERTinCATES.
following golden rule for handwriting should be observed by every one who writes:
Write to Others as You Would That Others Should Write to You.
Catalog and Samples Free
SUMMARY OF REPORT
1. Finishing standards must be determined by the social and vocational demands. HOWARD & BROWN
2. Standards of attainment should be both reasonable and adequate. ROCKLAND. MAINE.
3. The ideal plan is to have all of the pupils attain the standard.
4. Women write more accurately than men.
5. Vocations seem to have an effect on social handwriting. Learn PENMANSHIP By Mail
6. People do not write a reasonable and adequate standard of handwriting in their social cor- Business Writing a Specialty. Send (or Cir.
respondence. cular. Up-to-date Visiting Cards 35c Doz.
7. Quality 60 on the Ayres Handwriting Scale is sufficient for social purposes. This is our
standard at the end of the 6-B term.
8. Elementary teachers write better than high school teachers. High school teachers write
better than college professors.
9. Business men are not satisfied with the handwriting of all of their employees.
10. Skill in handwriting does not seem to deteriorate with time out of school.
11. Quality 60 on the Ayres Handwriting Scale is sufficient for the less strictly commercial
vocations. This quality is also sufficient for teachers of all subjects except commerce in
high schools and universities. 306 Boyle Ave.. NEW CASTLE. PA.
12. Quality 70 on the Ayres Handwriting Scale is sufficient for commercial vocations and for
teachers of commerce. This is our standard at the end of the S-B term.
Regular tests shot >mmercial students throughout the course in order to
determine whether
below quality 70 <
naintaining the handwriting standard. Those who fall
tests should be required to make up this deficiency,
EDWARD C. MILLS
Teachers of handv ting should not write lower than quality 85 on the Ayres Handwriting
Scale.
Script Specialists
Business men still insider good writing to be very important. They state that poor writ^ P. 0. Drawer 982 ROCHESTER, N. T.
ing and figure ma ng is a waste of time and money. The finest script for Bookkeeping Illu*>
Many employment __ __, •itten applications. In addition to sizing up trations, etc.. copy for which is prepared
the penmanship they read many traits of characte the writing. for the engraver. Send copy for estimat*.
The Pennsylvania Railroad claims that the use of plain, standardized figures throughout
their entire system will mean a saving of much time and thousands of dollars annually.
The writing done in business is about equally divided between handwriting and machine
writing. A considerable proportion of the handwriting consists of the making of figures.
HI . J. WAI TFR
W/\L.1LIV At«b.
222 Portaae
WINNEPFG. CAW.
A moderate speed in handwriting is sufficient in most cases. WESTERN CANADA'S MASTER PENMAN
More than one-half of the handwriting required in business is done in pencil.
It constitutes an educational waste to require the pupils to attain standarsd beyond those Will send you two pages of the finest com-
which are reasonable and adequate. bination ornamental signatures, business
The Philadelphia Standards for Handwriting were determined by first finding the standards capitals, etc., ever produced in Western
necessary for social and vocational needs and then determining what proportion of these Canada .- _ „...|0.B»
standards could be accomplished by the pupils of the various grades. Set of business capitals and a forgery
Handwriting is an intimate expression of one's personality. proof signature of your name ^ —
Character and excellence of handwriting are not antagonistic. They should be blended 3 dozen Visiting Cards
Samples of Penwork
. ^.— — „
— !.••
.U
ha
ess and indifferencei
nuch of the poor handwriting in the social No Free Specimens

DIPLOMAS MADE TO ORDER I

or filled in Old English. Script or Text Lit-:


tering. I do al! kinds of work from the letter-
ing of sheep skin Diplomas for large stat«
schools to the making of diplomas for tino
etchings or personal use. Circular on requeat.

v> 312 S. Lorraine WICHITA, KANSAS.

^
Mailing Lists
Will help '^'-
v.m incrciiii« mI
Ivln* C'>0(
o( CI.-.19

HAVE YOU SEEN THE


JOURNAL OF COMMERCIAL
EDUCATION?
(formerly the Stenographer &
Phonographic World)
A monthly maffazine coTcrinr ell depart-
ments of Commercial Edncation.
Strong department! presided over by well-
known teachere for Lhoie who teach any
branch of commercial education, Includisg
burliness administration, accountancy, and
court reporting.
THE ONLY MAGAZINE OF ITS
KIND PUBLISHED
Single copy 15c. Annual inbicrlptlan tl.X
.Send for Sample Copy.
JOURNAL OF COMMERCIAL EDUCATION
cards by M. E. Zimmorir in, Director of Penmanship, 44 N. 4th St. PHILADELPHIA, PA.
Valparaiso, Ind., Uni' cmity.

^ f^M^^u^'n^JA'is^/iu^a^ ^ 38

BOOK REVIEWS progressive business houses.


This book covers the situations and problems
on Sales I^etters. Adjustments. Complaints, In-
scribe the methods of the auditor in detect-
ing errors of commission or omission, of a
clerical nature or, most important, of prin-
Our readers are interested in books of merit. quiries. Collection Letters. Applications. Re- ciple. The authors show exactly how to start
ports, and other topics. an audit, explain in detail what procedure to
but especially in books of interest and value
use in auditing the accounts of a business and
to commercial teachers, including books of
•pecial educational value and books on busi-
give special attention both to closing the audit
Trade-Marks, Trade-Names, Unfair and preparing the exhibits and Certificates
ness subjects. All such books will be briefly
reviewed in these columns, the object being to
Competition, bv Richards & Geier, as well as preparing the text of the audit
cive sufficient description of each to enable 277 Broadway, New York, N. Y. report. A complete set of working papers,
our readers to determine its value, obtained in an actual situation, with a related
Paper cover, 48 pages. audit report, has been fully reproduced. In
The contents of this book are as follows: short, the audit is commenced and finished in
English for Everybody, by G. M. Mil- Trade-Marks in the United States Trade- :
the same volume.
ler. Published by G. M. Miller, 1341 Marks in General, Registration of Trade-
Marks. State Registrations. United States Reg-
Beacon St., Boston, Mass. Cloth istrations. Trade-Marks in Foreign Countries, Elements of Business Finance, by J.
cover, 186 pages. Registration in Foreign Countries. Piracy of H. Bonneville, Assistant Professor
This book has been written especially for Trade-Marks, Schedules of Charges. Notes,
of Finance, New York University.
[ adult students, and others, who need to "brush Index.
-
up" or "catch up." A new. fascinating, up- Published by Prentice-Hall, Inc.,
to-the-minute, rapid review of essentials neces-
Patents, Law and Practice, by Rich- New York City, N. Y.
sary as a foundation to higher English, com- This work covers, step by step, the many
piled for those who "have forgotten" or who ards & Geier, 277 Broadway, New financial stages which arise in the initial or*-
"never knew." and have no time to wade York, N. Y. Paper cover, 56 pages. ganization, in the promotion, and in the ex-
through numerous texts. Excellent for either The contents of this book are as follows: pansion of a commercial enterprise.
class or individual use. Index, United States Patents. Index, Foreign It gives practical methods used successfully
"English for Everybody" is neither a dry Patents, Digest of United States Law and by large, medium and small business organ-
grrammar nor a so-called rhetoric, but a clever, Practice, Digest of Practice in Foreign Coun- izations. Clear and to the point.
original, entertaining compendium of points tries. —
Schedule of Charges United States,
-
that relate to Correct English, and contribute
to cultured speech, poise and personality.

Schedule of Charges Foreign Patents.
Mr. Henry Sargent, recently with
"English for Everybody" is a concise, prac-
tical course in Business and Social English, for The Administration of Industrial En- the Bentley School of Accounting and
use bv students in High Schools, Colleges. Pri- terprises, by Edward D Jones. Pub- Finance, Boston, has been engaged to
vate Schools. Business Schools. Schools of Ex-
lished bv Longmans. Green & Co., take charge of the Accounting work
pression, etc.. by teachers who seek self-cul-
ture, by parents who wish to keep up-to-date, New York City, N. Y. Cloth cover, of Bav Path Institute, Springfield,
and by business and professional persons who 618 pasres. Mass.
, are wise enough to know that Correct Eng- The purpose of this book is to present in
e lish is
success.
an absolute necessity to promotion and compact outline a survey of the state of the
art of business management as it exists in
"HOW TO SELL"

the United States, at this time. The Money Makers' Magazine "The Main En-
Psychology in Advertising, by Albert The treatment aims to present practice with trance to Successful Selling." Tells how,when

reasonable fullness of detail, but. wherever and what to sell. Puts you in touch with fast-
T. Poffenberg-er. Published bv the A. est selling lines and hundreds of reliable manu-
*
possible, to deduce and formulate the general
\ W. Shaw Co., Chicago, 111. principles, or the philosophy, controlling —
facturers many of whom require no previoaa
In an interesting, readable manner the action. experience. Famous contributors: "brass
author analyzes the results of hundreds of tests The outstanding characteristic of this
chief tacks" departments interviews with successful
;

and studies, and shows the appli-


specifically book is the inclusion, for the first time in such men and women. $1.00 a year. Special com-
cation of the psychological principles that a treatise, of a full discussion of the under- bination price with "The Business Educator"
really strengthen the pulling power of adver- lying general principles of administration, both for $1.50. Sample copy free.
tisements. Writing from a close Study of which govern all efficient joint enterprises HOW TO SELL
'

these tests the author explains the emotional whether of a business nature or otherwise. MOUNT MORRIS. Dept. B.E. ILLINOIS.
effect of copy, color, illustration, type faces. The reader is earnestly advised to ground him-
typography, isolation, line, and form. self thoroughly in these principles, for upon
'

The author tells exactly how to secure at- them rests the larger part of the executive
tention. how to confine it, and reveals its ef-
fect. He demonstrates the differences, in at-
policies and practical rules employed in busi-
ness enterprise. This material is to be found
THE AMERICAN PENMAN
*^
tention value, of medium, page-position, and in Chapters VII —
The Administrative Organ- America's Handwriting Magaxine
' location of page in the medium. In illumi- ization, VIII —
Administration: Orders and Re- Devoted to Penmanship and Commercial
^ nating detail he takes up the proper copy for
various types of appeals and points out just

wards, IX Rules of Administration, and X Education
Morale and Leadership,
* how to test copy. He analyzes belief, de- Contains Lessons in
scribes how to create conviction, and brings Business Writinf

out the functions of the long and the short- Principles of Auditing, bv Eric L. Accounting
circuit appeals. Kohler and Paul W. Pettengill. Ornamental Writing
Lettering
Published by the A. W. Shaw Com- Engrossing
Modem Business English, by A. pany, Chicago. Cloth cover, 231 Articles on the Teaching and
Charles Babenroth. Published by pages. Supervision of Penmanihip.
Prentice-Hall, Inc., New York City, In this book the authors outline clearly, Yearly subscription price 11.25. Special
logically the actual working procedure in mak- club rates to Bchools and teachers. Sample
N. Y. Cloth cover, 466 pages. ing an audit of the various accounts of a busi- copies sent on request.
Step by step, they explain just how the
\ A
practical manual describing, in a sim-
ness.
auditor proceeds in determining the financial
THE AMERICAN PENMAN
\pie interesting style, the advanced methods of condition and earnings of a business for its 55 Fifth Avenue NEW YORK
^using words to develop business. Based on officers or directors, partners or stockholders.
"the actual experiences and results of the more bankers or investors. Moreover, they fully de-

:zj ^ S6 Jf f£>.

The above was written by Olive A. Mellon, Supervisor of Writing. Atlantic City Public Schools, Atlantic City, New Jersey.
.

34 f^^f^u^'/t^^^/^&iaf^ir' ^

^'Hg^^
Indianapolis Business College Cor-
poration Now Operates Ten Schools.
One of the Largest Chain of Schook
in the United States.
Every commercial school man is un-

rM )V:> / .
IN 'ffe
'^A
i^rr'
doubtedly interested in the plans fol-
lowed by other school men which
have proven succes.'^ful. For that rea-
son THE BUSINESS EDUCATOR if
pleased to present from time to time
articles telling how some of the lead-

z^^^^^%4T ing school men are conducting their


schools.
Sometimes an idea gained as to how
some one else haniUed a problem or
does a certain thing may prove of
great value.
For some years past we have
watched the progress made by the
chain of Indianapolis business colleges
conducted by President Chas. C. Cring
and his associates. Fortunately Mr.
"^icd Scplcmlvr I, Iv'^^24
O. E. Butz, general manager of the
corporation, has written for us an
article setting forth the plans followed
in conducting their numerous institu-
tions.
C^< i>M oi\c carlfx* tic* arc 6co^i\ "We note," writes Mr. Butz, "that
>\» \vk: »« oui- toWv-l ^-coaXt articles appear now and then in the
:*\>\i our 1x0^5 90 t<-x\-^<^ cIicYi*t\-:J
Business Educator concerning the
progress, the growth and development
of schools. Following this plan, we
are pleased to inform you and your
Ju*!''6cv|Oix<l .[i^s usyrfil ot care.
readers of what has taken place here
•-^Oc 5lwir^^^ our mis/jnq '^l-vvd ones
in Indianapolis this fall in our Central
^rt ourtUilncrs ii^ai-i^iott Faix:
Business College.
For the past year or two, Central
tfW "fexi **^ o^r -^op^* ar*?w -^vi^Kin'
has been running at practically its full
capacity, in the iiuarters that it oc-
cupied. This fall the enrollment has
"20iait""*nAr u'b><<d -^w** ^citc -fctoTV
run considerably ahead of any pre-
vious year, consequently it was nec-
essary to take on more space.
For several years Central has oc-
cupied thhe entire third floor of the
University Park Building at the cor-
ner of Pennsylvania anil Vermont
Streets. This building is two hundred
feet in length and fifty feet in width
and i,s just opposite University Park.
By the way, our students find this
park a fine "campus" and it is u.sed
considerably by them during the lunch
The above beautiful stock made by J. K. Rosen, an engr of Boston. Ma hour when the weather is favorable.
Fortunately, we were successful in
obtaining a lease on 3400 feet more
on the second door. We- are using
this space exclusively for typewriting
and dictation. Forty-five additional
machines are being adiled to the type-
writer equipment and the prospects
are that we shall have to add more
machines within a few months.
AN ORNAMENTAL STYLE. My course in
LEARN AT HOME DURING SPARE TIME You will be interested in knowing
Ornamental Penmanship has helped hundreda Write for book. "How to Become a Good Pen- that there are no partitions whatever
become PROFESSIONALS. Send for proof.
Your name on cards, (six styles) if you send
man." and beautiful specimens. Free. Your on the .'ird floor. We simply u.se coun-
10c. A. P. MEUB, Expert Penman, 2365 Mar
name on card if you enclnse stamp. F. W ters around our offices and between
TAMBLYN. 406 Ridge BIdB., Kansas City, M»
Vista Ave., Pasadena, Cal. the business office and tlie office prac-
tice department. On the second floor
FTkl? Q
rUK A T IT
&AL.11,
On account of death of
business the only partition we are using is to
„„.ner, old
eolleni' in Middle West. Attractive jirice little ;
shut olT the heavy noise from the
LEARN ENGROSSING comiK-tition. Address Bo.\ 585, care The Busi-
ness Educator, Columbus, Ohio.
typewriters, but this is panel and clear
spar at ho glass, leaving everything open to view.
Plates and Tlie departments are arranged so
mteil Instructions mailed
any address on receipt of
VV .ANTED — Young men and wom- as to be flexible. Should the Book-
t'li who (le.^ire to learn lotterinK
dollars. Cash or P. O. keeping Department l)e particularly
noy Order. anil engro.s.sing. We
will train
well filled, it can automatically extend
VV. O.STELLO .vou and give you work when you
P. ( over into the Shorthand Department,
r. illuminator and ail' proficient.
Designer or vice versa. In other words, the
Address Box .'i79. arrangement is on the order of a
Care Business Educator,
Columbus, Ohio. large business office. That is the plan

f^l^r^UJ//l^J4^(^'^^^l^f/- ^ as

on which our schools are arranged.


all
Under this plan it makes no dif- A MaRazine of ART,
ference where instructors and those NATURE, SCIENCE,
in charge may be, for all students are
under direct obsei-vation and supervi-
sion. Furthermore, it enables the
students to work under condition.-^ Roto-,,rint.
Life
BEAUTIFULLY
Mental.
Physical
CLEAN,
Moral and
Culture.
educational,

and prQfu'sel"irS'at«d''D?iw:
inKS. paintings and I/Pnse-art photo reproductions
of BIRD<5
similar to what a great many of them ANIMALS. DESIGNS. SCENERY. LETTERING
will encounter when they accept posi-
CAR:
COMICS and THE HUMAN FIGURE l!^ssons
l^JP^^i in
tions; that is, among other activities Art and I'hotography. composition, retouching etc
Amateur
that are going on around them.
contests, cash art assignments. For ART and NATURE
lovers. Correspondence and High School Art Students
We do not even have cloak rooms, ri.,if , n
Chalf-talking
"«'gning. Illastratms. Cartooning, Comic Drawing in
and
but coat and hat hooks are arranged Photographers, Photo-takers, Signwriters, Amateur
and Poets. Nothini; in it that a child should not see Writers
or
on all wall spaces not used for black- The Body Beautiful. Mind Intellectual. Soul Intuitional, read Stands for
a skne and pro-
boards, enabling students to hang °' "1"« ^"'' °f ''f<'- DIFFERENT. Nothing like it.
their wraps where most convenient to
^r^^rV^ °^°^^I must
Can t be described, be seen. Send now with S'' 'in for = '^'""'
„JlJt, '""•
„.,i;
or with SI for a 4 mo. Trial Sub. or G big bark ^
their seats. Tliis avoids any pilfering issues
ART AND LIFE, DEPT. 2597. Kalamazoo, Mich.
and other annoyances which fre-
quently come as the result of an ex-
clusive cloak room.
President Cring has been a pioneer
in many ideas pertaining to the con-
KARAM SHORTHAND
duct of a business college. It has al-
IN 30 TO 60 DAYS
ways been his idea that a business KARAM SHORTHAND
college should be operated as nearly
as possible on the order of a practical
is efficient,
plest
practical, speedy
system ever devised.
—the sim-
modern office.
Without any preliminaries, except CORRESPONDENCE COURSE
to make the necessary an-angements oJpecial a^em!ion given Both Shorthand and Typewriting
for entering, students are put right to io reproduction ofScript succes.sfully taught by mail.
work and are kept working contin- and Venmanship Copies Write for full information.
uously until they are sent to positions.
We say that it should not be nec- KARAM CORPORATION
essary for students to undergo 117 '/2 West Second Street
examinations from time to time, espe- En^ravin^ Co. OKLAHOMA CITY, OKLA.
cially in a well conducted business col-
lege, because no examination could ('c^\ En^avers
possibly reveal the actual ability and v: Designers
progress of students as well as a good '3
teacher should already know. In other
Illustrators (:

words, we take the position that if a [Address

teacher does not know exactly what Columbus, Ohio


each and every student in his or her
department is doing and can do, that
person is not fit for the place. TO TOUCH TYPEWRITING
We feel sure that these practical, GUIDE KEY CROWNS,
VLA.
business-like methods have figured
largely in the success of the Indiana
THE FAR BETTER WAY
Business College, because the result
M. SCOUGALE, Weatherford, Texas
has been a higher percentage of suc-
cessful graduates and a better grade BEST MADE '^ with
lasted.
cUp
S1.50
set
with
and ad-
three
of bookkeepers and stenographers not set. R. C. KING. 701 Met. Life BIdg.,
than would have been produced under Minneapolis.
the old cut and dried methods.
is as we see it.
This PART OF A LETTER FROM
PROFESSOR PROW ELL
is
Tlie Indiana Business College,
our corporation,
which
comprises ten
*'The Diplomas you engrossed for me are
appropriately artistic in conception and display
Gillott's Pens
schools which are unasiial skill in their execution.
"I feel confident that any one desiring work
The Most Perfect of Pens
done in your chosen profession, will find it
Marion Business College Marion greatly to his advantage to get in touch with
Muncie Business College Muncie you before placing an order elsewhere.
Logansport Bus. College, Logansport "I need not assure you that you have my
very best wishes for that measure of success
Anderson Business College..Anderson in your professional endeavor which your
Kokomo Business College Kokomo eminent skill so justly merits."
Lafayette Business College.. Lafayette Mr. Myers completed a two years* Profes-
sional Course of Fine Art Engrossing under
Columbus Business College.. Columbus the personal instruction of Samuel C. Malone.
Richmond Business College.. Richmond one of America's most famous and successful
Central Business College..Indianapolis Artist Penmen. Heraldic. Genealogical and
Vincennes Bus. College Handwriting Experts of the present age.
Vincennes A Diploma, duly awarded to him upon the
These local names are trade names completion of his Professional Course, is a
fine testimonial by Mr. Malone, in just recog-
No. 601 E. F. Magnum Quill Pen
and of course, Indiana Business Col- nition of Mr. Myers' ability.
lege will apply to any or all of them.
Pens stand in the front rank as re-
Gillott's
Chas. C. Cring is President, Fred. W. -ARTIICR FiiVIYERS gards Temper, Elasticity and Darability.
Case, Vice-President and Principal FINE ^VRT ENGKUSrSER OP
Central Business College, Ora E. Butz,
Treasurer and General Manager, Roy
JOSEPH GILLOTT & SONS
H. Puterbaugh, Secretary and Man- SOLD BY ALL STATIONERS
ager Lafayette Business College, J I'Jlicmorialsriplomas.Ccrtifiaitcs.Cluirtcri.
BOCK TLATLS. HONOR ROLLS. TITLE PASES AND
T. Pickerill, Director and Manager
,
CO«TS-0f-ASK5.ElX6AtfI DBIONSFOkMtKORItiTtoMT; Alfred Field & Co.. Inc., Sole Agents
Muncie Business College, and W. L. i JOflM.llOfiljMlKTS.^ILVERWARE.FlliEjEWELRT.ETC

Stump, Director and Manager Rich- 93 Chambers St. NEW YORK CITY
mond Business College."
PENMANSHIP SUPPLIES
Prices subject to change without notice. Cash should accompany all orders.
All goods go postpaid except those listed to go by express, you to pay express charges. Of
post, if you pay
course, when cheaper, goods listed to, go by express will be sent by parcel
chai'ges.

PENS PAPERS
Zanerian Fine Writer Pen No. 1. Zanerian 5 lb Paper (wide and narrow rule):
gr. §1.75 '4 gr $ .50 1 doz $ .20 1 pkg. of 240 sheets by express $1.50
Zanerian Ideal Pen No. 2, Zanerian Medial Zanerian G lb Paper (wide and narrow rule):
Pen No. 3, Zanerian Standard Pen No. 4,
1 pkg. of 240 sheets by express $2.00
Zanerian Falcon Pen No. 5, Zanerian Busi-
ness Pen No. 6. Zanerian 7 lb Paper (wide rule):
gr 1 doz 1 pkg. of 240 sheets by express $2.25
gr $1.25 ',4 $ .40 $ .15
Special prices in quantities. We also handle Zanerian Azure (Blue) Paper:
Gillott's, Hunt's, Speneerian and Esterbrook's 1 pkg. of 240 sheets by express $2.00
pens. Write for prices. Zaner Method No. 9 Paper iYi in. rule, SxlO'/j)
Broad Pointed Lettering Pens. 1 pkg. of 500 sheets, not prepaid $ .85
100 sheets by mail postpaid 50
Complete set (12 pens) $0.35
doz. single pointed pens 15 Zaner Method No. 15 Paper (% in. rule,
doz. double pointed pens 30 8x10 '/z):
doz. single pointed, any No 25 1 pkg. of 500 sheets, not prepaid $1.50
doz. double pointed, any No 60

PEN HOLDERS INKS


Zanerian Fine Art Ubiique Holder, Rosewood: Zanerian India Ink:
11 V4 inches $1.25 8 inches $1.00 1 bottle $ .40 1 doz. bottles express....$4.00
Zanerian Fine Art Straight Holder, 8 inches..$1.00 1 bottle Zanerian Gold Ink 25
Zanerian Oblique Holder, Rosewood: 1 bottle Zanerian White Ink 30
11^ inches $ .75 8 inches $ .65 Arnold's Japan Ink:
Zanerian Expert Oblique Holder, IVi inches: 1 bottle, 4 oz. postpaid $ .50
1 only $ .20 1 doz $1.25 Vz gr $6.50 1 pint by express 75
Vi doz 75 It gr 3.50 1 gr 12.00 1 quart by express 1.15

Excelsior Oblique Holder, 6 inches: Zanerian Ink PowJer:


doz $1.20 ',4 gr
1 quart package $ .30
1 only $ .15 1 $5.50
Vi doz 70 U gr 3 00 1 gr 10.00 packages or more, per pkg., net 22 ',4
Zanerian Ink Tablets (both red and black):
Zaner Method Straight Holder, 7'/2 inches:
1 quart box, 32 tablets $ .30
1 only $ .15 1 doz $ .GO Vz gr $2.65
36 '.I gr 1.50 1 gr
6 boxes or more, per box 22V6
Vis doz 4.80
1 Triangular Straight Holder, 714 inches $0.25
1 Correct Holder, hard rubber, 6% inches 25 FINE WHITE CARDBOARD
1 Hard Rubber Inkstand 70 White Wedding Bristol: Size 22x28:
1 Good Grip Penpuller 10 G sheets, postpaid $ .90
1 Inkholder for Lettering 10
12 sheets, postpaid 1.65
CARDS 2 sheets by mail, postpaid 60
White, black and six different colors:
100 postpaid, 30c; 500 express (shipping weight LARGE SHEETS OF PAPER
2 lbs.), $1.00; 1000 expr.jss (shipping weight
4 lbs.), $2.00.
Zanerian, 16x21 — 32 lb. (smooth surface):
by mail, postpaid
G sheets $ .50
Flourished Design Cards:
20 sheets by mail, postpaid 1.50
With space for name. Two different sets of 12
each. Every one different. —
Ledger, 16x21 30 lb. (smooth hard surface):
2 sets, 24 cards... $ .20 G sets, 72 cards $ .40 6 sheets by mail, postpaid $ .65
3 sets, 3G cards 26 12 .sets, 144 cards .70 12 sheets by mail, postpaid 1.10

Write for complete Penmanship supply Catalog

THE ZANER-BLOSER CO., Penmanship Specialists, Columbus, Ohio


,y/i^\^uj//i^jj (^"i/iu^a^ ^

Announcement
Essentials
of
^

Commercial Law
By
Wallace Hugh Whigam, M. S., LL. M.
Carl Schurz High School, and Walton School of
Commerce, Chicago.
Thoroughly revised in collaboration with
C. Martin Alsager
Lindblom High School, M. A., J. D.
Chicago.

Notable for simplicity of presentation, and strong,


practical, constructive work to develop knowl-
edge and application of principles.

New Features In Revised Edition


Further simplitication of text material. 5. New topics have been introduced including:
Bulk Sales Law; Workmen's Compensation Acts;
Introduction of material for Moot Court United States Arbitration Act; Federal Reserve
trials, through which is emphasized: Bank; Bankruptcy; Inter-State Commerce Act;
That there are two sides to each legal and reference to many United States regulatory
(a)
laws.
question.
6. A new chapter on evidence.
(b) That there may be as much right on one
side as on the other.
7. A chapter on investments and speculation. In
the light of high-power salesmen, this is an im-
portant chapter.
This work develops thought on the part of the
pupil, and encourages him in presenting the re- 8. New forms are introduced, including correctly
sults a.s he sees them. In application of Court drawn checks, voucher checks, trade acceptance,
Decisions to fact.s, the .student will find a new way chattel mortgage, notes, coupons, etc.
of approaching the solution of legal questions. 9. Commercial Law is treated as a social science.
The discussions include not only legal questions,
3. The new book emphasizes the ethical side of
but deal with problems of business practice,
human action — square dealing among men. economics, and government.
4. The text conforms, as far as practicable and 10. Tlie preparation of a reference book that is
possible, with the many Uniform Acts that have a guide for teaching the subject, as well as a
been adopted by the several states. source book for the aid of the teacher.

In a letter recently received from Mr. Herbert J. Foelber. Luther Institute, Fort Wayne. Indiana. Mr. Foclber says:
"The author hnn mncle a noticeable advance toward his objective if the development of cautious and deliberative study in
the student is his Koal. The accurate inductive method pursued and the clear and concise statement of IcKal principles em-
hoflie<i in the work are worthy of commendation. It is refresh inff to note the abstr.ict of actual cases which found a place in
the iKKik. To me they always s»mcd to be the cases in the field of law. Contracts. ncKotiahle instruments, sales, apency,
aiul iiartncrship. subjects which should be emphasized in a commercial law course, come in for the special attention which
they deaorvc."

These new features added to an already popular text, make Whigam's Essentials of Commercial
Law the outstanding book in its field.

36.') pages. Red cloth binding, list price, $1.40

The Gregg Publishing Company


New York Chicago Boston San Francisco London
;

^ .M^^uJ/zieU^^dfu^g^^ ^

F I T
HOTEL CLEVELAND Ga/Kdai,!}bv jfe/^^y
is the first hotelyou
see on your way from
any railroad terminal in
Cleveland. Its location
on the Public Square is
unsurpassed for its con'
venience to every means
of transportation. To Expert Penmen
To the average layman one pen appears
It occupies more ground to be very like another, except upon closest
than any other hotel in the examination. But pen experts can check
City and has the further our claims for the superiority of Spen-
advantage of being eu' cerian Pens. To the expert the good points
tirely modern in its con' of a pen are immediately manifest-elas-

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lOOO cP>iiths and we believe that you know it is true.
For an interesting assortment, send 10c
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Spencerian Pen Company J-*' ^™f


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KEEPING IN STEP
WITH PROGRESS
Through Gregg Normal Training
The Gregg Summer Normal is the great "service station" for commercial teachers on the road
from yesterday to tomorrow. It is the open forum of progressive methods, the enunciator of new but
tried ideas in teaching, and a unique dispenser of joyful enthusiasm and the inspiration to achieve.

New times demand new ways. The world's estimate of the relative value of certain educational
practices constantly being revised. The Gregg Normal Session is the recognized leader in the promo-
is

tion of what is best and most practical in resultful methods of teaching commercial subjects.

Courses are arranged to meet the requirements of the experienced teacher and the one about to
enter this profession. Students from all over the United States and Canada are in attendance each sum-
mer, and enthusiastically recommend the remarkable courses of study and practice.
The 1926 Normal begins July 6 and closes August 13. Write today for special bulletin.

GREGG SCHOOL Six Michigan Avenue


Chicago, Illinois

'" ' ""


Metropolitan 2;'^.^^:'-,, Metropolitan b7
McKinley Hi^h School '"^"'^^^
Business Chicago
System of '" ^

Speller Bookkeeping
Over 6000 words. New lessons containinK words pcrtaininff You Will Like It. The text emphasizes the thought side of
to Aeroplanes. Radio. Automobiles, etc. Complete Index. 244 the subject. It stimulates and encourages the reasoning pow-
pases, attractive binding. 60 cents. er of the pupil. Pupils acquire a knowledge of the subject as
well as facility in the making of entries. It is a thoroughly
A Superior Speller seasoned, thcroforo accurate, text supported by complet«
Teachers' Reference Books, and Teachers' Manual.
Twofold DosiKH. In the prepnration of the Metropoliti'-n
Business Spi-Ilcr we had constantly in mind two objects: Parts I and II text is an elementary course suitable for
fimt. to tench the pupil to srtclt. and second to enlarge his any school in which the subject is taught. Two semesters
vorabulnry. especially of words in general use. are required in High Schools and a correspondingly shorter
Clnsiification of Word.s. As an aid to the memory we have time in more intensified courses.
words, as regards sounds, syllabication, accents and
ctaitnified
meaning. We
have grouped the words relating to each par- Parts III and IV text is suitable for an advanced coursfl
ticular kind of business into lessons, by which the student is following any modern elementary text. We make the state-
enabled to familiarize himself with the vocabulary of that ment without hesitation, that this is the most teachable,
business. We
have interspersed miscellaneous exercises in most up-to-date, and strongest text published for advanced
the nature of reviews. We
have grouped words that can best bookkeeping and elementary accounting use.
be learned by comparisons, such as Stationery and Stationary.
Corporation-Mfg.- Voucher unit is bound in heavy paper
Abbreviations of states, months, railways n covers and contains all of Part IV. It is a complete course
ler 111 arc irivc n in rcRular IcRson form and ali.ha- in Corporation accounting including instructions, set of
brt cnlly. Wo reifn r<l abb "ovtntir K of al moH I equal impor- transactions, exercises, problems, etc. It is without doubt
In 11 CO with upe IlinK.
the best text for this part of your accounting course. List
Syllnbicn lion and pronun ciatinn arc hown by Iho prices. Text. 120 pages, 40 cents. Supplies, including Blank
>Iiv»lon of wo r<l>. « ml Iho tiw of the d nr nil ral mark «. The Books and Papers, 96 cents.
wo 1» nro Iirin l*d In bolil t yiw. Bi d the d< lin lioim in lif^hter
face. *o D. lo brins out the appoa ranca ol th - word.- an aid
In iKht •pclll UK. EXAMINATION COPIES will be submitted upon request.

Trxli for Commercial Subject!


METROPOLITAN TEXT BOOK COMPANY J7 SOUTH WABASH AVENUE CHICAGO
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^ ^^J^Uii/zie^i^^if/iua/h^ ^

Gregg Shorthand
Leads
In Speed and Accuracy
Four out of the last five World Championship Competitions have been won
by writers of Gregg Shorthaid.

In deciding these contests conducted by the National Shorthand Report-
ers' — —
Association dictations are given at three speeds 200, 240, and 280 words
a minute, for five minutes. The contestant having the highest average for the
three dictations is awarded the championship. Since 1921 this honor has gone
four times to Gregg writers

1921 1st— Albert Schneider GREGG


2nd— John Daly PITMAN
(Only two writers qualified
within the 5% errors limit).

1922 1st Nathan Behrin PITMAN


2nd— Charles L. Swem GREGG
3rd— Albert Schneider - GREGG
1923 1st— Charles L. Swem GREGG
2nd— Albert Schneider GREGG
3rd— Martin J. Dupraw GREGG
1924 1st— Charles L. Swem GREGG
2nd— Nathan Behrin PITMAN
3rd— Martin J. Dupraw GREGG
1925 1st— Martin J. Dupraw GREGG
2nd— Charles L. Swem GREGG
3rd— Solomon Powsner PITMAN

Mr. Dupraw Also Wins New York State


Championship
Mr. Dupraw is also the holder of the Bottome Cup, emblematic of the New
York State Championship, which he won in 1924 and again in 1925.
Your students, too, can win with Gregg Shorthand. It is easiest to learn,
easiest to read, easiest to write, and is the swiftest of all systems.

The Gregg Publishing Company


New York Chicago Boston San Francisco London
diST .^^r^uJ/n^U'^^fi^iu^i^?^ ^

A Dozen Years Devoted to


Training the Champion
Typists of the World
Observation of the Work of Hundreds of
thousands of students
Twenty years correspondence with ten thousand
typewriting teachers and students of the entire
world.
BLISS-ALGER Siu-h has been the experit of Charles E. Smith, author of

"A Practical Cou in Touch Typewriting."


Bookkeeping and Accounting Is not to be expected, therefore, that his book is every-
it
where being adopted by teachers interested in obtaining the
A strictly new course just off the press, combining Book- best results in typewriting?
keeping. Business Practice and Banking. Makes individual Stiff paper cover, 120 pages, $1.00
Instruction a pleasure. Exceedingly interesting to tlie student.
Complete Edition (Balanced Hand
Three Systems Method) 208 pages $1.60
Complete Edition ("B" Struck with
ACTUAL BUSINESS (with offices) left hand) 208 pages $1.60
FOLDER (like above, without offices)
NOTE: Teachers of typewriting should note that a special
CORRESPONDENCE edition the complete volume has recently been
of
issued, using the method of fingering in which "B"
For High Schools, Business Schools or any institution is struck with the left hand.
teaching Bookkeeping. Text and outfit sent to teachers for
exannination. Mention school connection. Adopted by the New York, Boston, Baltimore, Newark
(N. J.) Boards of Edueation.
BLISS PUBLISHING CO. A teacher's examination copy will be sent, postpaid, upon
receipt of one half the published price.
SAGLNAW, MICH.

WRITING AND ILLUMINATING


AND LETTERING
By EDWARD JOHNSTON
Adapted by the New York Hoard of Education.

500 pages. 227 illustrations and diagrams by tho Author


and NOEL
ROOKE. 8 pages of examples in red and black.
24 pages of coltotype reproductions, cloth, $2.50. Adopted by
C\/TORE people are learning the Ncm
York Board of Education, and Teachers' College,
Columbia Vniversit!/.

each day that good "This book belongs to that extremely rare class in which
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ject. Wo congnitulalc Mr. Johnston on having produced a
printing is an in'vestment—not work at once original and complete." The Athenaeum. —
an expense. PLAIN AND ORNAMENTAL
LETTERING
Plain and Ornamental Lettering
rrr By EIIWIN 0. FOOKS
9'lx6'.4 in. 86 pages with AO full-page plates. $1.00.

A Guide to Ticket and Show Card


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Writing, Sign Writing and other forms of Decora-
tive Lettering.
ScHMiTT Printing Company
Underlying the whole book is tho aim of making It essen-
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"The 'Busy Shop" with this end in view; hence the inclusion of plates illustrat-
ing materials commonly required, and of further plates sug-
gesting simple types of ornament appropriate for uso with
the various forms of alphabet.
139 E. Rich Strhet Columbus, Ohio

Isaac Pitman
2 West 45th Street
&NEWSons
YORK
THE

u$m^55 Himratar
Volume 31 COLUMBUS, OHIO, MARCH, 1926 Number 7

Convention News and Announcements


NATIONAL COMMERCIAL TEACH- Private School Department NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF
ERS' FEDERATION President: T. A. Blakeslee, Lincoln
PENMANSHIP SUPERVISORS
School of Commerce, Lincoln, Neb.
The National Commercial Teachers' Vice President: Paul Moser, Moser's Arrangements for an epoch-making
Federation held its 28th annual meet- Shorthand College, Chicago, 111. convention at Cleveland April 28 29 —
ing in Cincinnati, December 28, 29, Secretary: Mrs. Margaret Miller, — 30 are well under way. These, when
and 30. Wheeler Business College, Birming- completed, will provide a delightful
The next annual meeting will be ham, Ala. three-day entertainment, professional-
held in Chicago in December, 1926. ly, educationally, and socially.
Over 500 persons attended the vari- Public Schools Department
ous meetings and had a very profitable President: J. Walter Ross, South Hotel Cleveland, one of the newest
and enjoyable time. The meetings as Hills High School, Pittsburg, Penn. and best appointed hostelries in the
a whole were a profound success. Vice President: C. W. Rhoads, Cen- city, has been selected as headquar-
We are sorry that space will not tenary College, Shreeveport, La. ters of the Association. In addition
permit our discussing each and every Secretary: Miss Caroline Eddy, Vo- to every modern device for the perfect
meeting and all- of the various fine cational School, Madison, Wis. comfort of its guests, the hotel has
talks which were given. We are going an auditorium and committee rooms
to publish some of the talks in THE Business Round Table fully adequate for our needs. This
BUSINESS EDUCATOR throughout Chairman: Lloyd L. Jones, West will prove a very convenient feature,
the year. Commerce High School, Cleveland, as all activities may be carried on
Wehope that every commercial Ohio. beneath one roof.
* * * *
teacher and persons interested in com- Vice Chairman: Miss Sarah Levine,
mercial education will plan to attend Hughes High School, Cincinnati, While the main object of the con-
the Chicago meeting. Ohio. vention is the advancement of our
Secretary: Miss Gertrude G. DeAr- profession along lines of the latest
Officers of the Federation for the mond, Wheeler Bus. College, Bir- and most approved pedagogical pro-
year 1926 mingham, Ala. cedure, the value of personal contact
will not be overlooked. Opportunity
President: Willard J. Wheeler, Wheel- will be had for delegates to meet and
er Business College, Birmingham, exchange views in an inforinal man-
Ala. ner, and to visit the places of interest
First Vice President: R. H. Lindsey, in and about the city. The citizens
Spencerian Bus. School, Louisville, of Cleveland are desirous of acquaint-
Ky. ing us with the attractions and re-
Second Vice President: Gertrude sources of their metropolis, and will
Beers, Lincoln School of Comm. cooperate heartily to render our brief
Lincoln, Neb. sojourn one of peculiar significance
and enjoyment.
Treasurer: Charles A. Faust, 1024
N. Robey Street, Chicago, 111.
Aside from the principal addresses,
Secretary: John Alfred White, 818
which will abound in stirring, timely
Monroe Street, Gary, Ind. messages of encouragement and cheer,
Executive Committee there will be reports of committees
Willard J. Wheeler, Wheeler Business appointed at the meeting in St. Louis.
College, Birmingham, Ala. These will give the results of their
C. M. Yoder, State Normal School, research in certain departments of
Whitewater, Wis. penmanship instruction, making avail-
Ivan E. Chapman, Western High able important data comparable to
School, Detroit, Mich.
MISS GERTRUDE BEERS, that being tabulated from exhaustive
Lincoln School of Commerce. Lincoln, Neb.,
Charles T. Smith, Kansas City Busi- Second Vice Pres. of the N. C. T. for 1926. studies of other educational subjects.
ness College, Kansas City, Mo. Photos of other officers will be published later. (Continued on page 23)

THE BUSINESS EDUCATOR SUBSCRIPTION PRICE. $1.25 A YEAR


(To Canada. 10c more; foreign. 20c more)
The Business Educator is the best medium
through which to reach business college pr^
Published monthly except July and August)
< Single copy, 15c.
By THE ZANER-BLOSER CO.. Change of address should be requested prietors and managers, commercial teachcra

E. W. Bloser
B. A. LUPFER
..---.
612 N. Park St.. Columbus. O.

... -
Editor
Managing Editor
promptly in advance, if possible, giving the old
as well as the new address.
Advertising rates furnished upon request.
and students, and lovers of penmanship. Copr
must reach our office by the 10th of the month
for the issue of the following month.
^ ,^^r^uJ//i^S (^deu^t^T^ ^

Lessons in Handwriting
MABEL
B> VOGAN, Supervisor of Handwriting. Fairmonl, \V. Va.
iMiss Vogan will be elaJ to give you good criticisms if you will enclose 15 cts. postage.)

Group Three
Exercise One
For the "e" exercise count Curve, 1-2-3, cur\'e. Be sure to leave a good open space in the "e". Cune up-
strokes well, and note the slant of the back. Make this exercise a full space high.
Exercise Two
Same as exercise one except in size. Make about 1-4 space high.
Exercise Three

For the "e" count Curve-swing; curve-loop, etc. Use a semi-rolling motion. Make about 18 or 20 on a line
at the rate of 100 a minute.
Exercise Four .

For the "w" exercise count 1-2-3-4-5-G-7-, finish. Note that this is the same as the "u exercise with a different '

finish Stop at the top of the last upstroke and make a tiny retrace or dot, and curve to the right. Make three or
four groups on a line.
Exercise Five
Make the same as exercise four except size. Use a quick, snappy movement. Write five groups on a line.
Exercise Six
For the "w" count 1-2, swing. Obsen-e that we have the "i", "u" and a loop similar to closed "e" in "w".
Keep both parts the same width. Pause at the top for the slight retrace, and cui-ve to the right. Watch turns and
slant strokes. Make 15 or 16 on a line at the rate of 40 or 45 a minute.
Exercise Seven
"We" is rather a difficult combination to begin with. See if you can apply as good movement in writing the
word a.s you've been using for the exercises Watch slant, spacing, line quality, and the width of tlie "w". Write
ten words to the line. Then try crossing with three "e's" joined to the count of 1-2-3.

^^y^^^^^^y

Group Four
Exercise One
Many letters contain an over turn motion.
Let us develop this motion with the indirect running oval exercise
two spaces high. As the arrow shows you, we begin at the base line and curve over to the right making the op-
posite motion from the direct oval which we have practiced. The same principles apply in this as in the other
except the direction. Some students are inclined to slight this exercise because they think it more difficult tlum
direct movement. Am
sure each of you will realize that just as many letters depend upon this motion, and mas-
ter it.

Exercise Two
Now try the indirect running oval one space high. Keep at it until you can make it as smoothly as the direct
oval.
Exerci.se Three
Practice the indirect open oval one space high until you can make a nice smooth exercise with good slant.
Excrci.se Four
This is the opposite from the "u" exercise which we've made. Count 1-2-3-4-5-6, 1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8. Watch
slant, turns, points, and the width. Push toward upper right corner and get the right slant. Write three groups
to the line.
Exercise Five
Count 1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8. Same as exercise four except that push pull is omitted. Write three groups on a line.
Exerci.se Six
Practice thi.s exercise the size of the small "n." Use a lively motion with plenty of push. Write five groups
to the line. Put a lot of practice on this motion. It is one of the very best exercises for small letter movements, i

and we write many more small letters than capitals.

I
!
^ f^^^uJ//i^M^<^4/iuu/h^ 9

Exercise Seven
Write "n" to a 1-2-3 count. Keep the parts equal in widtli, and slant the second downstroke parallel with
the first one. Put harmony in the slants. Speed, about 4.5 or 50 letters per minute.
Exerci.se Eight
Just add another turn to "n" and you have "m." The same rules apply to both. Observe width, and slant
of the downstrokes. Make nice rounding tops. Count 1-2-3-4 at the rate of" 40 letters per minute.

Exercise Nine
How about your position and movement? Can you apply them in these words? Write "me" eight times on
the line watching size, slant, turns, and spacing. Then cross with "men" and see if you can get harmony of slant,
form, size, etc.

Group Five
Exercise One
See how smoothly you can swing this movement one space high counting 1-2-3-4-5-6, 7. Take time to retrace
and cur\'e the finish. Swing three groups on the line.
Exercise Two
Practice the "v" exercise small as the "v." The "v" should have a round turn at the beginning. Keep the
width at the top almost the same as the bottom. Finish with a retrace and right curve. Write five groups on
the line.

Exercise Three
For "v" count 1-2, 3. Work for r>-thm in your movement. Watch turns, width, finish, and slant.

Exercise Four
For the "x" make the turn and swing, then lift the pen and cross upward. Aim to cross the middle of the
slant stroke.

Exercise Five
Join four "v's" to the count 1-v, 2-v, 3-v, 4-v, swing. When joining letters aim to use a smooth touch, and keep
the swmg between letters rather straight. Check the motion slightly on the finish of each letter.
Exercise Six
Join four "x's" by making turns first and crossing later.
Exercise Seven
Are you sure about your position and motion? I^t us show our skill bv applying the letters we've studied in
these words. Think about slant and spacing, and see what smooth lines vou can produce. Practice
several pages
of these words carefully studying and criticising turns, angles, and endings.
10 ^ r^J^uJ//t^l^^^i^![ua^

Group Six
Exercise One
See how smoothly you can make the inciirect oval 1-2 space high.
Exercise Two
Review the "n" exercise for the "over turn" control. Count eight for each group making six groups to the line.
Exercise Three
Count . Curve 1, 2-3-4-5-6, finish. Note that "o" ends like "v".
. .

Exercise Four
In making "o" swing a good "over turn" to insure a closed top. Curve both sides equally. Stop at the top and
swing a right curve for the finish. Count 1-2, 3
Exerci.se Five
This "c" exercise begins as "n" and "o", but the downstroke is cut short and then retraced. Count Cui-ve, 1-2-3-
4-.5-6-finish. Make the exercise a whole space, then cut down to half or a third.
Exercise Six
For this "c" exerci.se count Curve, 1-2-3, finish. Retrace the little hook. Aim to slant the hook and the
. . .

hack uniformly. Practice large, then small size.


Exercise Seven
Make "c" quickly to 1-2-, 3 count.
Exerci.se Eight
Alternate "c" and "o" to the count 1-2-, 3. See if you can think clearly, and control your pen well enough to avoid
making any mistakes.
Exercise Nine
Try the word "cocoon" concentrating on the "o" and "c". Work for a neat, attractive arrangement of the word
and joined Ifttii-. Tlifsc exerci.^es will lulp tci develop good habits of control and arrangement, especially of spacing.

mimmiif^MUJ.
^^ f^Jr3BuJ//teJ^^i(/£U:a/i?^

Lessons in Business Penmanship


By J. J. BAILEY, High School of Commer nto. Ont., Canada
(Mr. Bailey will be glad to give you good criticisms if you will enclose 15 cts.)

ENTHUSIASM pils. Teaching a discouraged unsuc- prominently, "Genius consists almost


cessful one is quite another thing. wholly in hard work." Even the top-
It should be understood that while, notch artists have to work hard to
How often even in the course of a doubtless, all the master penmen such reach the heights they occupy. And
year we hear the expression, "I can't as Madarasz, Courtney, Zaner, Flick- I have often seen a boy or girl splen-
learn to write. It isn't in me!" And inger, Mills, Lupfer, et al, were "born" didly equipped to excel in penmanship,
how often, too, when we trace it back wi-iters, just as Paderwski is a born passed on the way by another boy or
we find that it really has its origin in pianist, Melba, a born singer, Paga- girl whose sole claim to success lay in
a dislike for the work because the nini a born violinist, yet there is no the hard work they gave to it. Any
pupil found it difficult to hold the pen reason why any number of the com- one who has ambition, a desire to
pioperly, and so never developed cor- mon ordinary people cannot learn to excel, and energy to study and prac-
rect muscular movement, and never do any one of these things well. And tice can become a fine business writer
experienced the ease and freedom many do learn to do them well. And c-r even a professional penman. I
with which arm movement writers many more learn to do them fairly want every student of these lessons
perform their work. No wonder they well. So we must never suppose that to srore up in his or her mind this one
get discouraged. Here is where the only the "born" writers ever succeed fact. That success in penmanship de-
real live teacher shows wherein his in writing a good business hand. pends on the amount of work they de-
si.ccess lies. It is no hard matter to Throughout all my teaching experi- vote to it. You all can learn if you
teach the enthusiastic successful pu- ence, one thing has always stood out wart to.

Capital 0. Because it is such a simple letter it is usually made poorly. Examine it carefully. Notice the com-
— —
parative width to the height 2/3-3/4. Also the size of the finishing loop about 1/2 way over and 1/2 way down.
Do not make the ending stroke too long. Practice the O's in columns first, making at least a one-page column. Then
practice the word in the same way, paying special attention to the p, t and s. In the half-line try to keep each word
in exact perpendicular alignment. Watch the dot at the top of c, and be sure to make the downstroke similar to that
in o. Pay attention to the slant, and spacing. Do not go slowly. Write fast enough to make the lines have "life" to
them.

"P". In the P, notice the initial stroke, the slant of the downstroke, the width of the large loop on the left and
the round part on the right. The latter is 1/2 the width of the left oval part, and comes 1/2 way down. Practice the
individual letters, the word, and the half line in the same manner as you did the line above, paying special attention to
r, c, p, and s. Use your best movement, correct speed, and be neat, and orderly.

(_y^ L/ C/ L^il-^S---^^-2>^?'?'Z>2:-<^^<2<7'^ C.-^i^5'^-'^l.-<;.^---2>i--<^-•t;^-•7'^.^

Q. In the Q, notice the initial loop, its size, and slant. The bottom loop rests on the line, and should be flat.
In the word, make the bottom of the u round, also the top of the n. Many students have a tendency to make the last
part of n or m sharp. To overcome this make this part a shade shorter than the previous one. Watch the b, c, and y
in the half line. —
You might make 2 or 3 pages of this short sentence two to a line and derive much benefit from —
your work. Try it.

R A splendid form of R for developing control over your movement. It has the same relative proportions as the
P. Be sure you make the connective loop point either flat or upwards towards the left. Keep the downstrokes in 1, g
and h straight, and on the same slant. The half line contains some good advice as well as a good exercise for prac-
tice. Watch the loop letters. Make them about 2/3 of a space high. The capitals should be not less than 3/4 of a
space, nor more than 4/5 of a space. In this way, they do not often conflict with the line above, consequently the page
should be neat and legible. Do your best on these copies, and then try to do even better than your best. That is the
way to excel.

S. Here are two diff'erent forms. Learn to make both. Neither is hard. Try to keep the crossing midway
down. That word "Superior" is a good one to practice. Put lots of pep and life into your work as soon as you have
got the "hang" of the word. You ought to put up a beautiful page of that half line. But you will need to do some
preliminary work on "the". Notice the spacing in it, also the second part of the h. As soon "as you have mastered this
sentence, take a new sheet, and show your teacher that you can put up a neat, well-written page. Send me a page
too.
12 .3^^uJ//t^X^(^deu^i^ ^
T. Be careful of the top. Notice e.-ipecially how far it is away from the stem,
It gives a great deal of trouble.
also the length and slant. The spacing in Toronto requires watching. Try to get the r right. In the half line, I
made the length greater than any previous one so that you would shorten un the distance between letters and be-
tween words a little. Do vour best to turn out a fine neat, accurate,* beautiful page.

^^s^s^j^Ac-^^^^-^u^s^-^j^

U. Try to get a good beginning loop or dot, and watch the compound curve in the downstroke. The second
part is not as high as the first. Do your best to put up a masterpiece on that half line. It lends itself readily to
that purpose.

V. If you learned the U, you will have little difficulty with the V. Notice particularly the compound cune in
the la.st part, its height and direction. Strive for accuracy, speed and beauty.

W. If you have analysed this letter correctly, and discovered that all the strokes are curved (some but slightly),
then you won't have any difficulty in learning it. Strive for uniformity in size, slant and spacing in all your writing.
Remember the advice in the half line. Put all your heart into your practice, and then you can't fail.

X. Not u.sed often, but good for movement and control, as you have to change from a right to a left oval in mak-
ing it. That word "scholar" will require watching. Try to keep the loops in h and 1 the same size and slant.
Never be afraid to spend your spare time in practicing penmanship. The extra skill you acquire in this waj
always is an aid to you in after life, no matter what phase of business you may enter. It isan easy accomplishment
to carry around, and often is the surest passport to an entry into a business career.

Y. Notice the loop at the bottom— its length, width, etc. Also you will notice that in the abbreviated form th«
stroke does not come down as far as the loop does. Put forth your very best effort on this word and half line. U-sc
good speed (not slow, nor yet hurried), and, good movement. Always take stock of your writing machinery before.
during, and after your practice. See that it is in good working order.

Z—
The la-st of the alphabet. Try to keep the connective loop flat and on the line. The word and the lialf lino
are adopted to the making cf a splendid page.

I wish I were able to enthuse you as "Zaner, the penman," used to enthuse and thrill the students at the Zanerian
in days gone by. I would that some of his spirit could become incorporated into vours. Then vou would know that
hard work, and plenty of it, is the keynote to the acquisition of a fine style of bus'iness writing.'

Work hard, work intelllRently, work systematically. Send me a page of your be.st work and let me criticise it fod
you. I will tell you whether you are going fast enough and whether your technique is correct.

I
*^J^Uii//i^44^^^/iua^^ %

know how you ' ^""'*"*' S'^'""''- ^r. Bacon will probably send as more work for publication if you let him
like this specimen
— .

M^^uJi/i^^i^^^iu^i^f^/- ^

STUDENT'S LETTERING CONTEST BUSINESS EDUCATOR, Columbus, OPPORTUNITY


To encourage students to leani to Ohio, before May 1, 1926. shall We
do plain, neat, single stroke lettering, try to publish the results of this con- "Master of human destinies am I!
THE BUSINESS EDUCATOR is of- test in the June number. Each con- Fame, Love and Fortune on my foot-
fering fourteen prizes for the best testant should write his name, age,
steps wait.
specimens as follows: address, name of school, and name of
First Prize: teacher at the bottom of each speci- Cities and Fields I walk, I penetrate
A year's subscription will be given men. No more than three specimens Deserts and Seas remote, and passing
to the students sending in the best should be submitted by one pupil. by
engravable specimens (black ink) of Get busy and study and practice on Hovel, and Mart and Palace — soon or
four or more lines of plain lettering. the alphabet mentioned above before late
Use the style of letter given in the sending your specimens. You may win I knock unbidden once at every gate!"
alphabet appearing on page 30 of the
Zaner Method Practice Book No. 8,
and be as happy as the students who
won subscriptions in the Christmas "If sleeping, wake — if feasting rise
before
page 105 Zaner Method Manual 144, Card Conte.st and the penholders in
and inside cover of Manual 96. the Signature Contest. I turn away. It is the hour of fate.
Second, Third and Fourth Prizes: We appreciate the nice letters re- And they who follow me reach every
One copy of the book. Plain Useful ceived from the contest winners and state
Lettering, will be given to the student are also delighted to know that most Mortals desire, and conquer every foe
sending the second best specimen. of them are going to continue their
Save death; but those who doubt or
One Manual 144 will be given for the study of penmanship. It is a pleasure
hesitate,
third best, and Manual 96 for the to see the large and growing interest
fourth best specimen. A beautiful in the Students' Page. Teachers Condemned to failure, penury, and
Zaner Method Penholder will be given should encourage their pupils to try woe,
to each of the the next ten best. to win contests and to get work pub- Seek me in vain, and uselessly im-
All specimens must be received by lished on this page. It helps to get plore.
the Contest Department of THE greater results in penmanship classes. I answer not, and I return no more! i

^'^-2_-tR--C-C^

-J^/oLn.^^l^tAy: ^'<L^^M^^..^^-Ju:^ •f?^^.'^^^ —«>-i^t^:^<xxjfeyS<


C*.<,*ti-^-'';^^-^-^

ySL^^ -^3^^
092.^-y^.-^^-^^ ^0^4^^.^.

NAME OF PUPIL GRADE SCHOOL CITY and STATE TEACHER


1. Elena Peruchena .... Lockwood Jr. High .Oakland. Calif _ Calla Monlu.x
2. Marie Fravi ..._ - Lockwood Jr. High Oakland. Calif „ _ Calla Monlux
3. Beatrice Phillips Lockwood Jr. High „ Oakland, Calif _ Calla Monlux
4. Graee Curtis - Lockwood Jr. High Oakland, Calif. ..._ _ _ _ Calla Monlux
5. Ruth M. Olson 9B Georgs Washington Jr. High _ Pasadena, Calif. _ __ _...N. E. Davis
6. Dortha Brest ..........11 Otsega High School _ Otsega. ....«« J. A. Ferguson
7. Nellie Mae Wright. ..Draughons Prac. Bus. Col JJashville,Tenn.
Western Ky. Slate Normal .Bowling Green. Ky. " G. G. Craig
9'.
H. F. Haw'kVns""!! -...Ransomerian School JCansa.s City. Mo
10. Terry Douglas . Western Ky. State Normal Bowling (Jreen. Ky. .r."~"."..~!.."."."G. G. Craig
11. Grace Boggess ... Western Ky. State Normal ..Bowling Green. Ky. G. G. Craig
12. Grace Keck . 8 Calox Grammar School Calox. Calif .Gladys Kirby
13. Almedia Pierce ... Western Ky. State Normal Bowling Green. Ky. G. G. Craig
14. Irwin OKden Grand Island Bus. College Grand Island, Neb. ...

Rust 8A Owosso Public Schools ."Owosso, Mich. Esther Hade


8B
Jcancttc Detwiler
Jaunita Moore
Anna Lorenz
„ —
_
..... 7A
7A
Owosso Public Schools...-
Owosso Public Schools...-
Owosso Public Schools
Owosso. Mich.
Owosso, Mich.
Owosso, Mich.
_...E8lher
Esther
Esther
Hade
Hade
Hado
Helen Farley Cathedral School _ Trenton. N. J,
Chas. Klapecki __ _ Success Bus. College _ _ Winnipeg. Man., Canada A. W. Hudson
H. G. Billy _ Success Bus. College _ Winnipeg, Man., Canada _ A. W. Hudson
C. J. Wheat Lockyear's Bus. College _ JIvansville. Ind. ..._ . „..__ Frank R. James
Loretta Sweeney Ottawa Technical School _ Ottawa. Can. „ _ F. C. Anderson
Onevieve Bell _ Alhambra H. S _ Alhambra. Calif. John N. Beattic
Margaret O'Hara State Normal School West Chester, Pa _ C. L. McKelvie
d^ ^/l^^UJ//ie^<^^^/iU^lJ^7 16

For tho' from put our bourne of time und pta.ce

The flood may bear /ne far,

Iriope.tojee my Pilot fact to face

When f na-ye crossed tke bar.


M/ire FUcIc rA

First contribution in the "Lettering Contest." Mike is a student


Sth Grade pupil of Gertrude E. Baree, Super of Bessie G. Maldon, Ben Franklin Junior High School, New
W. Va., Public Schools. Castle, Pa. Can you beat it? Try it.

/^ y
y- / r
^7 -^ ..'

/ Z' /'

By J. A. Hall, 227 East Ave., Hutchnison, Kans., a Zaner-Bloser Correspondence Student.


16 ^ .^^.^uJ//t^^<^^i^(u^a^

Supplementary Business Writing


LISTER, Maxwell Training School for Teachers, New York City.
B>- C. C.

i-2..j5Z-i^-'>?.'?^>£--?-Z--l??^^^--«^--^'^^^

^^..c-^ c:C-<-Hr->-'L^^^^

.^^.yy^f^'Z.-d.^t^

^ /^i. y-T— ^^J!^^^'^a''^--t^-^'t-.^<'i^a^^^^


r

II would br intcrmtinc to know how many limn Mr. Linlrr ha> wrillcn each lelirr o( Ihr aliihabil.

At the rail of M Irllrrs a minulr, it would equal 3(00 Irttrm per hour or 3(.000 in a 10 hour day, or 13,140,000 in a year.

Whm Ihc writer first became interested in penmanship. 20 years affo, Mr. Lislcr was then a nationally known penman.
If penmen were paid a penny for earh letter made they would all be wealthy, for it dors take plenty of irprlition. and you must enjoy it, to«^
d^ ^^J^uJi/i^^^(i^iua/(f?^ ^
"Well, my wise youth, maybe you
might be willing to toke pity on me
Reminiscences of a Non-Professional and show me how to write."
Writing Master "You bet I will," he came back
poiTnptly, "and if you'll step around
By CARL MARSHALL, Tujunga. Calif.
(Seine the substance of an Address Delivered at Los Angeles. Dec. 16. 1925. Before inside, I can do it in a couple of min-
The Southern California Penmanship Teachers' Association.) utes. The trouble with you is the
same as it was with me before I went
to St. Louis; you never have had a
FURTHER REMINISCENCES OF A space; upper turn; descend on main teacher who could write. It isn't be-
NON PROFESSIONAL WRITING slant with straight line to base line; cause I'm naturally smarter than you
MASTER lower angle; ascend on connective that I can write, but because I was
slant with left curve one space; upper taught how."
turn; descend on main slant with Tlien, when I stood by his desk, he
begin this .second part of my nar-
I
straight line to base line;lower turn; continued; "First of all, you must
rative witli some account of my own ascend on connective slant with right learn that real penmen never write
adventures in learning to write. I am cui-ve one space. with their fingers. They are only to
ratlier liazy as to my first efforts or You can faintly imagine, perhaps, hold the pen; the writing is done with
the task confronting the ambitious your arm, this way. Sounds funny,
as to how
was tanght. I I was just
yokel who aspired to "analyze" with- doesn't it ? But see how easy it is,
past ten years old when I attended out a slip, all of the fity-two forms once you learn how."
my first school in Kansas, and my comprising the written alphabet. Our Then, after giving some clever ex-
first copies must have been "set" by glibness in doing this determined our hibitions of his own skill, making his
class standing rather than any amount hand move about with the easy flow-
my father. But, though he had been
of deftness in doing the writing it- ing grace of a swallow in flight, he put
a pupil of Spencer,- I cannot recall self. This chirographic scientist ap- the pen in my hand, and had me try
that he ever made any serious attempt peared to be a fair type of the writing flourishing sotne large size capital O's
to have me write by the Great Mas- masters who flourished in our part of saying;
ter's system of arm action. As I the country in those days. I often "Don't try the little letters at first,
was constitutionally such a nervous wonder if their tribe is entirely ex- stick to the big easy ones till you get
spasmodic young monkey, he prob-
ana spa.-siiioiuc
and tinct. the hang of it. And keep your fingers
ably considered me a For myself, I rather easily learned still. Just hold your pen the same as
hopeless subject. Any- these analysis stunts, and soon became a piece of chalk and do it with your
way, I remember that a shark at it. I could construct verb- arm, mind. That's the stuff! Say!
when had reached the ally, and to a gnat's heel, everything you're comin' on fine for the first

B
I
age of fifteen, my al- from a little k to a big D and could trial. By. Jinks, I'm goin' to lend you
leged writing was about do them with a pen with fair accuracy, my Gaskell's Compendium, if you'll
as bad as it could be, — if given time enough, but my actual bring it back. You'd better send for
the fair and standing writing continued to be a puzzle for one yourself; they only cost a dollar."
joke of the school in gods and men, and hadn't improved Then he gave me a package of white
fact. much when I had advanced far enough sheets about 8 inches by 4, covered
Then came an Event. in other branches of learning to be- with the prettiest writing I had ever
One autumn, there come the boss of a country school. I seen or dreamed of. I was fair enough
drifted into our neighborhood, one of think on my first certificate the County to admit to myself that the bov was a
those wandering penmen, who fre- Superintendent gave me a mark of whole lot more decent than I had ever
quently turned up in rural commun- 6.5, and even that must have given his thought him, and after that we were
ities after the Civil War period. This conscience an awful wrench. Then good friends. I took the beautiful
man was a genius in his way. He came partial, and ultimately complete copies and my memory of the young
could sing (well enough to run a deliverance, albeit, in a way rather fellow's lesson back with me to the
quadrille singing-school at a pinch) humiliating. In the County Treas- little country schoolhouse and for the
dance, "call off'" for a country quad- urer's office of our county, where I next three months spent most of my
rille, cut hair equal to a barber, or had to go each month, to have my extra time in learning to write with
even acquit himself with credit at a school warrants cashed, was a snippy, my arm. It was hard work, for I
prayer meeting. But the real heart conceited young prig of a clerk, wlio think I am one of those unfortunates
of him was in penmanship, and it was had the distinction of being the best, who do not inherit good muscular co-
not long till he had the whole country- and only good penman in the county. ordination. Probably I could never
side in the throes of a handwriting The fact was e.xplained by the young have_ made a first-class penman, bil-
revival. Subscription classes were man's having been sent for a year liardist, tennis-player, or anything
organized in each of the half-dozen to the Bryant and Stratton Business else calling for rapid muscular preci-
neighboring schoolhouses, and for a College of St. Louis. I heartily de- sion. Even now, I would not dare try
time, nothing else was talked of but tested the young snip, for he was the driving a car, mucli as I should like
"upper turns," "lower angles," "re- sort of self-important off'icial who, in to. But on the next certificate grant-
versed ovals," "compound cui-ves" and the words of Mark Twain, makes the ed me after that lesson in the County
so on. This "Professor," as he liked mistake of considering himself the Treasurer's office, I got a mark of 95
to be called, was no mere pen-wielder molasses, whereas he is merely the in writing. Moreover, I junked all the
if you please, but ascientific system- faucet through which the molasses old-fashioned copy-books in my school,
ist, who held that an exact know- flows. I had to deal with this chap with their miraculous copper-plate
ledge of how a letter should be con- when cashing my monthly warrant, copies, and rigid rulings, got the chil-
structed, was vastly more important and as part of the ceremony, had to dren to buy plain white paper, sent
than the mere constructing it. In fact, sign my name to the receipt. On one for enough Gaskell Compendiums to
he did not seem to care greatly how occasion, as I did so, the boy looked go around, and taught the children to
a letter was written, whether with on pityingly and obsei-ved: write the same way that the young
fingers or arms or fists, so long as it "Well! It seems to me, before I'd Treasury clerk had taught me, and
was put together according to specifi- have the cheek to set up as a school within a year, I had the whole country-
cations. These were hardly less pre- teacher, I'd learn to write." side Oh'ing and Ah'ing over the good
cise and elaborate than those required I was tempted to slap his face, but writing we were turning out in that
for erecting a cantilever bridge. Here fortunately, I happened to think of little school. I did not become much
is the way he required us to describe a favorite admonition of my old Dad- of a penman myself, as penmen go,
the operation of making the letter n: dy: "Never turn your back on a crit- except at the blackboard, where I had
Begin on base line and descend on icism: it may be of use to you." So better control (I am a pretty good
connective slant with left curve one I choked back my wrath and only said; (Continued on page 28)
18 ^ f^J^uJ/n^U^^'^/iu^i^ ^
D. H. FARLEY DIES IN HIS
80TH YEAR
The Penmanship Profession Loses In the recent death of Mr. Farley f
in Trenton, New Jersey, the penman-
Members
ji

Two of Its Prominent ship profession has lost one of its old-
est, and mo.st skillful and most re-
'I

spected members.
HORACE W. SHAYLOR terest in the progress of his young For more than half a century arti-
Horace W. Shaylor, widely known student. As is well known, it was Mr. cles and specimens from his pen ap-
penman and teacher and one of the Spencer's cu.stom to write his copies peared in journals devoted to the ad-
very few sui-\'iving pupils of Piatt R. for his students. This he usually did vancement of penmanship. Any one
Spencer, Senior, died at his home in in the forenoon of each day, conduct- interested in the art will be well re-
Portland, Maine, on December 30, ing his lessons in the afternoon and paid to look through the files of some
1925. He had been in good health evening. It was young Shaylor's old penmanship journals to acquaint
until about two weeks before his great privilege to spend many hours himself with his skill.
death, the end coming suddenly as the during his forenoons observing the His work was readily recognized,
result of heart failure. writing master at his work, absorb- since it possessed a decided individ-
It was the privilege of the writer ing inspiration, studying his methods uality and charm. We
are pleased to
to meet Mr. Shaylor last July at Ash- and striving to approximate his skill. be able to present several specimens
tabula, Ohio, and to visit, with him, On one of these occasions when Mr. of his work in this issue.
the old Spencer homestead near Gen- Spencer was conducting his course, he
eva, and the grave of Piatt R. Spencer invited Mr, Shaylor to go to Jefferson
a nearby town, to assist Hai-vey Spen-
cer who was giving courses in pen-
manship to the children of the public

H
sc.iools at this place. This experience
^^^^^^^^^^^E was very successful, so much so that
the elder Spencer encouraged Mr.
Shaylor to follow teaching as a
career, and invited him to join his class
at "Jericho," the log house on the farm
at Geneva, where Mr. Spencer was
training teachers in his system to sup-
^^^^^^^^^^^1 wKk
^1
i^^^^^H
ply the demand for instructors created
by the organization of the Bryant and
Stratton chain of business colleges lo-
cated in practically all the principal
cities of the country.
X Mr. Shaylor completed his course
of training in May, 1863, and was

^^^^^> //iV'
overwhelmed with joy on receiving
a diploma engrossed entirely by Mr.
Spencer. Tlie following year he joined
/<^.'^'^ tlie teaching staff of the Bryant and
^jy.:/ Stratton system, going to the school
located at Portland, Me. Here lie re-
mained as instructor in penmanship
in the Geneva Cemetery. He was a and bookkeeping until 1870, when he
charming gentleman to meet and talk was elected Supei-visor of Penmanship
to, and a splendid companion on a and Drawing in the public schools of
journey to hi.storic spots. Portland, which position he held for Until recently he was instructor in
Mrs. Shaylor died just a few years 45 years. handwriting in the State Normal
ago. There are two children, H. W. School at Trenton, having belonged
It was during his incumbency as to the faculty of that institution for
Shaylor, Jr., and Mrs. Harry True supervisor that he produced a series
Harmon, both living in Portland. Mrs. forty-three years.
of copy-books for Harper and Bro's Three sons survive him.
Harmon is well known
as a painter of
which had a very large sale. When
minia'ures and as a sculptor Mr. B. F. Moore of Rider College,
the Harper house discontinued their Trenton, was acquainted with Mr.
A. G. SKEELES. school-book department, Mr. Shaylor Farley for a number of years. We
prepared a series of copy books for quote" the following tribute from a
Mr. Shavlor was born on June 30, Ginn and Co. This series also enjoyed
This city recent letter we received from Mr.
184.5, at A.shtabula, Ohio. great popularity.
was for some time the home of Piatt Moore.
During the years succeeding his He stood very high in the profes-
R. Spencer, Sr., although he had re-
resignation, he devoted his time to sion forty or fifty ago and was one
moved to Geneva, located some ten
the study and practise of various of the "most kindly, lovable, old
miles away, before Mr. Shaylor's re-
collections'of him The elder Spencer branches of art for which he possess- gentlemen later in life it has ever
ed marked talent. He confined his been my experience to know. At
had taught school near Ashtabula at water and
which the mother of Mr. Shaylor was
efforts chiefly to colors, that time when such men as Robert
one of the pupils.
sketching in pencil. Spencer, Flickinger and Packard
pen- Aside from his professional life, in were in their prime. Mr. Farley de-
Young Shaylor's interest in
which naturally the penmen are most- veloper! a system of liandwriting for
manship dates from the time when he
Iv interested, Mr. Shaylor occupied a the public schools and for the train-
was ten years of age, when he pur-
prominent and useful position in soci- ing of teachers in normal schools
chased a blank book in which a neigh-
ety. Located as he was in (listant that was, for a number of years,
bor wrote copies for him. When he
was thirteen, the elder Spencer return- New England, a great majority of held in high esteem. After retiring
ed to Ashtabula to give a course of
penmen were never privileged to meet from the Normal School he was
iiim personally, but those who did consulted as an expert penman in
lessons. He returned to Ashtabula were impressed by the beautiful, man-
later on two different occasions to give
disputed handwriting (juite frciiuent-
ly cliaracter of this useful, lovable ly in our local courts.
similar courses. Owing to his ac-
Shaylor'.s mother, man. Mr. Farley was held in high esteem
quaintance with Mr.
Mr. Spencer took more than usual in- HORACE G. HEALEY. bv all who knew him.
[ ^ ^^Jr^u^/mi^^deu^i/h^
ters at the correct speed and rythm.
Over and over she traced, talking
Penmanship Devices and Plans about the trip of the cat as she de-
scribed the word but not once naming
a letter. Next the pupils traced in
the air counting softly with the teach-
er. Tracing with the first finger on
MAKING MISFITS FIT compliment them, they begin to see the desk, sometimes with eyes open,
Miss N. E. Davis, Teacher of Pen- some correlation between handwriting sometimes with eyes closed, occupied
mansliip in the George Washington antl the other subjects. the next few minutes. When a sec-
Junior High School, Pasadena, Calif- The final climax in making misfits tion of pupils was sent to the board,
ornia, secures some very fine work fit comes when these same pupils are they could hardly wait for the teach-
in her penmanship classes. We grant presented with a Zaner Method Cer- er's signal to begin. There were no
many Certificates to her pupils each tificate of Proficiency in Handwriting. conforming lines; no mention of size.
year. When a Certificate is not won Miss They made the picture of the word
In her last letter to us Miss Davis Davis states that the remark is often "cat." Results were very gratifying.
offers some suggestions for making made, "I am going to take this course Only a very few failed to make the
misfits fit in the penmanship class. every term until I do get a Certifi- "t" higher, close the "a" or hook the
Miss Davis is firmly convinced that cate." These few remarks gives us a "c." They were eager and anxious
a well directed penmanship class at- clue to the successful penmanship to display their new found skill and
tracts the attention and gains the teaching of Miss Davis. May her parents reported much practice on
confidence of inany students who tribe increase. home blackboards. The teacher next
would otherwise become problems in correlated her reading and writing.
discipline. She finds that the regular HOW TO ANIMATE THE PROCESS Stories, "Little Red Hen," "Wee, Wee
rythmic practice keeps their interest OF VISUALIZATION Woman," "Goat and the Boy," etc.
and attention to a very high pitch and By MRS. ELIZABETH LANDON, furnished the material for weeks to
Director of Handwriting, Binghamton, N. Y. follow. The pictures used in connec-
there is no time to think of mischief. Last year we experimented in tion with the first two stories of the
It is not very long before these
some of the first B grades. Instead Winston Primer were displayed in the
habitual sci'ibblers to
findtheir
of the analytical method used hereto- room to stimulate interest and assist
amazement that they are able to make fore, building words from a letter and
better letter forms and write a more in the association of ideas.
letters froni elements, we presented
presentable page than they had ever
a word in the first lesson at the board. COMMENTS ON FEB. B. E.
hoped to do. Then when the language We chose "cat" as our problem. The
or history teacher has occasion to Lister is fine. Smith is as good as
teacher asked one of the pupils to when he wrote his course for the B.
bring a cat to school. I cannot de- E. Signatures are interesting. Court-
scribe the interest aroused when hold- ney and Musselman's floui'ishing are
ing this beautiful cat in her arms, the good. Guillard well guided and dashy.
teacher told a delightful story about Old timer H. H. Stutsman is great,
a cat she once knew. Then she said, but the master greatest of all, not
"I am going to write the word "cat," excepting the fine engrossing, is
for you. Of course, every eye watched Darner.
intently as her hand formed the let- D. L. STODDARD,
Indianapolis, Ind.

ARTISTIC CARD CARVING


Some of the most beautiful hand
carved cards we have received for
some time, were sent to us by Adolph
0. Ambrose, Card Carving Artist of
Janesville, Wis.
Mr. Ambrose combines script, card
carving and water colors with a very
pleasing effect. You must see his
work to apreciate it.

A Greeting Written by D. H. Farley in 1892.


2t)
^ *^^^u4//i^U^<^^i^iu^i/^ ^
FAMOUS LETTERS BY FAMOUS PENMEN
In thu series we have some of the most skillful letters ever written

^f '^i^-iCt^-T-'^T-t^'tT-r'^

'^^y^t^-^/l-^4yU^i

^.-<iy7y^y',.^.'^-y.^^yL^

The above letter is reKardcd by many as one of the finest ever written.
Mr. Shaylor who died December 31. 1925, has had a lonR and enviable reputation as a nenman and teacher. Few have turned out finer
work, especially at the aKe of "9. as shown by the siKnature under his photograph shown elsewhere in this issue.
The accuracy of detail in the above specimen can be profitably studied by all. Notice also the grace, and neat general appearance.
^ .^J^iiJ/n^d^£dfua^^
3. To what extent is writing con-
sidered in making promotions
The Teaching of Writing among your employees ?
By J. A. SAVAGE, Sape of Writing, Omaha, Neb. 4. Is it important that employees
in a business off'ice make good
figures ? Why ?
DEVICES The bird house idea can be made
more real if the teacher or some child
5. Which is more desirable, a plain
The Bird House signature, a fancy signature, or
will some times imitate bird calls,
a puzzle signature, which is
reminding the children that the birds
The Bird House idea is especially
will not sing if the perch is not kept
hard to read? Why?
good during tlie spring months when
in condition or if the bird
pi'oper 6. Has the extensive use of the
the children are interested in the re- house is tipped allowing the rain to typewriter, multigraph, etc. les-
turn of the birds, but is very effective enter the door. sened the importance of good
throughout the school year. This de- hand-writing ?
vice is for the purpose of helping the The Long Pencil
boys and girls to understand and make 7. Do you consider writing of
an" effort to keep the hand, fingers, Children who habitually turn the enough importance to justify
and pen or pencil in good writing hand over to the right can sometiines boys and girls in devoting suffi-
position. be helped by using a long pointer in- cient time, practice, and study to
In this scheme the hand is the bird stead of a pen or pencil. The heavy acquire a good stvle of penman-
house. If the hand is held in correct or handle-end of the pointer should ship ?
position, with the first finger nearly rest on the child's shoulder. This
straight, the thumb well curved, this forces the hands of little folks in the
will leave an opening large enough first grade into the correct position MINNEAPOLIS BUSINESS COL-
for a wren to enter between the thumb and impresses upon their minds the LEGE CATALOG
and the pen. This is, of course, the correct writing position. As soon as A beautifully well printed and pro-
door to the bird house. The cui-\'e the child realizes just how he should
fusely illustrated catalog has been re-
of the thumb makes a splendid perch hold his hand, the pointer may be ceived from The Minneapolis, Minn.,
directly in front of and below the replaced by the pencil.
Business College. J. H. Mosher, C-
door. The back of the hand is the A. Frantz, and G. H. Ross are at the
roof and should be at all times on the Good Writing Incentive head of this prosperous institution.
top to keep the rain out of the bird One of the best ways of convincing J. A, Buell, the skillful penman han-
house. The fingers should be curved upper grade children the importance dles the penmanship classes in that
under far enough to hold the bird's of writing and getting them to put institution and according to the splen-
eggs inside the house without crash- more effort in their penmanship is did record which Mr. Buell has for
ing them. This is easily demonstrated to read to them and display on the having his pupils win BUSINESS
by using a small ball to represent the walls letters from prominent business EDUCATOR Certificates we judge
e^%^. (A ping-pong ball gives the and professional people giving their that no other school secures better re-
most realistic imitation of the egg). ideas regarding this subject. sults.
Letters of this kind can be procured We know of no other school winning-
in any community. A few questions a laiger number of certificates over
to "Mr. Business Man" might help a period of many years.
to get the kind of replies wanted for
this purpose. Following is a list re-
J. D. Braswell recently purchased a
cently sent to business firms in Omaha. half interest in the Southern Business
1. Of how much importance do you College, Macon, Ga. Mr. Braswell
consider good business writing? writes a very strong business hand,
2. To what extent does the hand- and we wish him much success in his
writing of an applicant for a new undertaking. He is a former
position with your firm determine student of R. H. Bond, well known
whether he shall be employed ? skillful, professional penman.

e of v^v^vqA

A Unique Piece of Lettering by Mr. Farley.


:

^l^^UJ//t^^(f''dfU^i^?^ ^
2. Does the relative frequency of
use of the letters suggest anything a>
Can We Teach Writing? to the order in which they should be
taught?
ARTHIR G. SKEELES, Super
Combinations
With almost no exceptions, small
FIGURES AND QUESTIONS proves that these letters are made letters occur in words in combination
only rarely by most persons. with other small letters. Theoretic-
About Capitals Questions ally there might be 576 (26x26) two-
In writing the names of the mem- 1. Should the relative frequency of letter combinations; but actually there
bers of the National Association of use influence us in our teaching of are only 351 different two-letter com-
Penmanship, Super%-isors, as given in capitals? If so, how? binations in the 2500 words of Thorn-
the Report of the St. Louis meeting 2. Since O is used so infrequently in dike's list.
(April, 1924) the following capitals names of persons, would it be better No. of different No. of times
are used to begin practice in capitals with M Combinations each occurs
Letter No. Letter No. instead of O ? 146 1 to 9
3. Since X is used so infrequently,
M 56 F 15
might we employ a fonn that is easier
138 10 to 49
E 47 D 9 46 50 to 99
L 35 N 9 to make? (For most persons X is 19 103 to 177
A 33 P 9 probably the most difficult capital to 2 More than 200
C 33 T 7 make well.) The 21 combinations occurring
3 4. Since Q, X and Z are seldom more than 100 times each are as fol-
S 32
B 29 Y 3 required in the writing of pupils in lows :

H 23 I 2 the first three or four grades, might Combination No. of times occurring
G 17 Z 1 we postpone the teaching of these er 233 se 127
letters (except incidentally, in the few 212 124
J 17 Q re th
R 17 U cases where they are needed) until en 177 nt 117
K 16 V the fifth grade? in 176 an 114
W 16 X
m
Small Letters
A count of the small letters in the
St 158 at 111
A total of 429 letters are used ar 153 ve 111
the names of 167 persons. It will be 2,500 words in "Thorndike's Teachers' ea 145 ro 110
seen that the eight most frequent let- Word Book" shows the following fre- te 141 de 106
ters occur a total of 288 times, or
quencies :
or 135 ou 104
more than 67'7o of the total, while the Letter No. Per cent of total on 134 ce 103
1726 13.44
remaining eighteen letters occur only e le 129
r 1058 8.19 Do you know which letters are
141 times, less than 33':r of the total.
981 7.59 doubled most frequently, and which
A count of capitals on the front t
970 7 50
page of the Davton News, November, a are never (or rarely) doubled? Here
6 1925, and the Ohio State Journal,
897 6.94 are the figures from the list of 2500
n 796 6 16
November 9, 1925, showed the follow- words:
i 787 6 09 ee occurs 64 times
ing results:
Letter No. Letter No. s 748 5.79 11 occurs 60 times

R 31 668 5.17 ss occurs 60 times


S 104 1

L 30 c 527 4.08 00 occurs 45 times


C 95
T 87 W 29 d 469
446
3.63
3.45
tt occurs 32 times
M 86 P 28 h rr occurs 30 times
A 74 K 27 p 419 3.24 ff occurs 22 times
H 71 N 22 u 417 3.23
pp occurs 22 times
I 62 O 19 m 337 2.60 cc occurs 15 times
U 18 g 291 2 25 dd occurs 9 times
D 60
F 5:5 Y 12 f 277 2.14 mm
occurs 9 times
B 45 V 5 h 260 2.01 nn occurs 8 times
G 41 X 2 w 238 1.84 bb occurs 7 times
v 211 1.63
J 34 Z 1 gg occurs 4 times
V 163 1.26
E 33 Q 1.13
The remaining twelve letters are
k 146
It will readily be granted by the 23 not doubled in any of the words of
X 30
writer that these tabulations are too 22 .17
the li.st.
j
limited to establish the relative fre- A study of initial and final letters
(, 19 .14
The
quency of the capital letters. That z 13 .10
.some interesting facts.
di.';clo.se

they are indicative of the genius of Other tabulations confirm the fact
length of words in this list is slightly
thelanguage and not merely accident- more than five letters, on the average;
that k, X, j, (I and z are always (in my
al, will be seen from the following therefore, if each letter were placed
investigations) at the tail end of the
frequency of capitals, as given by the list, and that x, j, q and z each have
initially or finally in proportion to its
American Type Founders Company in a freguency of less than Vi of 1 per
total occurrence, about 209r of the oc-
their "Scheme for Cap Job Fonts." currences of any given letter would be
No. cent.
Letter No. Letter not as initials, and 20^'r as final letters.
The important consideration is
E 90 P 40
freciuency, but absolute fre-
The most marked deviations from this
relative
A 75 U 40
quency of use. If the letter q must
are as follows:
I 75 F 35
be written ten times every day, then Per cent Per cent
N 75 G 35
the writer must know how to make of total of total
O 75 B 30 occur- occur-
it, no matter whether he makes the
R 75 W 30
letter e ten times, or ten thousand
rences rences
S 75 Y 30
times, in the same time. These fig- Initial of that Initial of that
T 75 J 15
ures suggest the following questions: letter letter letter letter
C 50 K 15 68.2 w 51.0
V 15 Questions i

L 50 b 62.0 p 43.0
1. Do children in the first and sec-
D 40 Q 11 f 57.0 s 40.K
H 40 X 11 ond grades need to use x, j, q, and z, 52.6 c 39.2
(1
M 40 Z 11 or any or all of them, in writing their not used init-
Or Only one letter, x, is
These three tabulations agree in spelling or other written work ?
ially in this list.
showing Q, X and Z at the bottom of couUl tlie teaching of these letters be
deferred until the third grade? (Continued on page 35)
the li.sts, and common experience
^^<^Uii//i^M^d4/iu^i/^ ^ 23

CONVENTION NEWS the May dates. There will not only EASTERN COMMERCIAL
(Continued from page 7) be a program of excellence but with TEACHERS' ASSOCIATION
Des Moines as a host the social and Twentv-Eighth Annual Convention,
The time has arrived when we as entertainment features cannot be sur- New York City, April 1, 2, 3, 1926.
advocates of legible, practical, hand- passed. The three days at Des Moines Hotel Pennsylvania
writing must stand ready to give an will afford a landmark which will con- Officers:
"account of the faith that is in us." stantly grow in significance in the Frank A. Tibbetts, President,
This must take the form not only of new school year to follow. To make Wm. L. Dickinson High School,
firm conviction expressed with all the sure that you have your program in Jersey City, N. J.
forcefulness of which we are capable, advance, your request should be ad- John A, Luman, Vice President,
but in terms that will be consonant dressed to the Secretary, Mr. G. W. Pierce School, Philadelphia, Pa.
with what is being published concern- Puffer, Fountain City Business Col- Seth B. Carkin, Secretary,
ing other subjects in the school cur- lege, Fond du Lac, Wisconsin. Packard Commercial School,
riculum New York City.
Wherefore, let us assemble in Cleve- MICHIGAN STATE TEACHERS' Arnold M. Lloyd, Treasurer,
land prepared to make every possible ASSOCIATION Banks College, Philadelphia, Pa.
contribution to achieve the end above Do not fail to attend this meeting
mentioned. Until that time, let us The Sixth Annual State High School for it promises to be one of the best
carefully ponder topics likely to be Shorthand and Typewriting Contest in the history of the Association, if
discussed, viewing them from different will be held May 14, 1926, at Kalama- we may judge from the tentative pro-
standpoints, weighing arguments pro zoo, Mich. There will be eight big gram just received and which we re-
and con. thus fitting ourselves to events. gret came too late to be published in
speak with confidence, with clarity, For information write to E. D. Pen- this issue.
and with a directness of purpose suf- Western State Normal School,
nell. The secretary or any other officer
ficient to insure the fullest publicity Kajamazoo, Mich. will be glad to give you any informa-
of all matters which should come to tion you may desire regarding the
the notice of the convention. AN INTERESTING LETTER convention.
* * * * Dear Editor:
Present members of the Association
I have just received my Educator for Feb- DETROIT GREGG SHORTHAND
ruai-y and am more than delighted to find
are urged to send their annual dues therein a specimen reproduced from the beau-
ASSOCIATION
of one dollar promptly to the treas- tiful work of my first "writing master," the
late D. L. Musselman of the old Gem City
The Detroit Gregg Shorthand Asso-
urer, Mr. Skeeles, as funds are needed Business College of Quincy. ciationis composed of members who
for convention purposes. All who are Ihave carefully removed the sheet and am can write 125 words a minute for 5
interested in the aims of the Associa- having it framed. The old verse of "Take minutes on a test of literary material.
tion, and who are not enrolled mem-
the bright shell, etc.," is as familiar to me
my nd I belie oust ha This Association held its second an-
bers, are invited to join at once, there- usands of times trying to nual banquet on January 30. Associa-
by giving substantial evidence of their tate the hand of my old "master." tions of this kind should be encour-
I am now nearly 70 years of age and have
support. never lost interest in penmanship although I aged for they encourage greater skill
* * * * have never been able to acquire anything more in shorthand and are good for both
than a good legible hand. In 1874 I attended members and community.
Reduced railroad rates may be sec- the North Missouri School at Kirksville, Mo.,
ured if an attendance of 250 visitors and during a vacation betw-een terms. I went
is guaranteed. Do some vigorous over to Quincy at the solicitation of a fellow The following letter was sent with
student, one J. W. Hopper, an excellent pen-
missionary work among your associ- man. Prof. Musselman taught me the ele- Mr. Faust's membership fee for the
ates. You will add to the success of ments of Bookkeeping and penmanship for National Association Penmanship Su-
the convention and incidentally help about six weeks and this has been of inestim-
able benefit throughout my life hence my — pervisors. Now you know why his
diminish the cost of transportation tender affection for him and the "Gem City," friends call him "Sunny Jim."
to all. which I have never seen since.
It was likewise my good fortune to have Canton, Ohio,
once enjoyed a slight acquaintance with Mr. February
It would be well to make early res- J. H. Smith of Atlanta. Ga., a page of whose 8,
ervations for rooms. A little fore- work is reproduced in this issue.
I was the first Superintendent of the Henry
1926
thought in this matter will insure W. Grady Hospital of that city in 1892. as
more satisfactory accomodations, and well as a graduate of the old Southern Med-
Mr. Arthur G. Skeeles,
avoid the confusion and disappoint- ical College of that city. I again served in Columbus, Ohio.
the office of the chief surgeon, Hdqrs. Dept.
ment attendant upon the last minute of the Gulf, there in 1898-9. To me Mr. Dear Fviend:
notification. Smith's writing appears a perfect specimen of You bet
F. J. DUFFY the old Spencerian with which I was familiar
in my old school teaching days in Iowa and
I'm set
Chairman Publicity Committee Missouri. 1873 to '75.
This specimen of Mr. Smith's gets a page in For to go
THE CENTRAL COMMERCIAL my scrap book. To the show
Mr. J. J. Bailey's copies are fine, as are
TEACHER'S ASSOCIATION those of H. L. Darner, and the signatures by
Guiilard show great skill in flourishing, and O such luck
will hold its thirteenth annual meet- are beautiful. Here's the "Buck"
ing at Fort Des Moines Hotel, Des Mr. Lister's page 16, is especially inspir-
ing, and th? "engrossing" page of my Cana-
Moines, Iowa, May 6, 7, 8. Plans are dian friend. Mr. Walter, is beautiful. Keep your eye
in progress for a program in keeping Next to Prof. Musselman's work, the story On this Guy
with the standards of the Association of Carl Marshall gave me most pleasure. His
— a program that meets the needs of experiences and observations as related there-
in are very similar to some of my own while For I swear
private school managers, commercial teaching in the "baclc woods" of Missouri and I'll be there
teachers, whether in public or private —
prairies of Iowa and my grandfather was a
schools, and all who are imbued with teacher in Kentucky in 1800 and my mother
in 1868-70 in Indiana. Much of my experience Every day
the spirit of commercial education. and recollections would duplicate those of Mr. Up to May
Tlie Central Commercial Teacher's Marshall.
I fear I am tiring you and trying your pa-
Association has definitely proven it- tience with this long letter, so I will close April
self more than a mere clearing house with the statement that, to me. the February 28
for ideas; it is the embodiment of issue of the Educator is worth a whole year's 29
subscription, and I trust future issues may
achievement in carrying those ideas be even half as interesting. 30
to a sucessful culmination. Sincerely yours. Whoop la!
Every teacher of commercial sub- ALBERT FENSCH. U. S. Army. (Signed) W. C. FAUST,
jects coming witliin the province of Chief of the Military Information Bu..
of 2nd Division and Fcrt Sam Hous-
Supervisor of Penmanship,
the Association will want to resei^ve ton, Texas. 2917 Ninth Street S. W.
24 ^ f^Jr^aUn^U'i^/iu^i^r'
ited
^
a room recently in which there
were THREE interruptions within the
space of 20 minutes. In another room,
Public School Handwriting in the same school, there were the
same number of interruptions within
(A Comprehensive Bird's-eye View of Handwritins by a Normal School Teacher.) 25 minutes. As far as I was able to
determine, six of the seven interrup-
tions were absolutely unnecessary.
Our name and date writing lacks
TO HIS TEACHERS I am not so very well pleased with uniformity. Please watch this very
November, 1925. the variety of sizes of writing I see. important part of our work. Urge
Workfor better arrangement of the Devote enough time to teaching your your pupils to be careful of the size
work on the paper now. There should pupils that a uniform size of letters is of the capitals they use in this work.
be a rapid improvement in this part absolutely necessary if their writing Of course, names and dates should be
of our work There seems to be quite is to have a pleasing appearance. written at the close of the lesson and
a bit of room for it. Full space capitals for grades 3B, 3A, not at the beginning.
One line of drill work should be and 4B. Capitals 3/4 or 4/5 of a space The thumb against the penholder
sufficient for the loosening up process in the upper grades. or pencil should be the aim of teach-
needed at the beginning of each les- I believe that children learn to write ers in grades 2 and 3. I believe this
son. Urge your pupils to do this part by writing but they must know what position to be the best and quite a
of their work as skillfully as possible. they are trying to do, hence the nec- help to little people who are striving
Drill practice is a very necessary part essity of giving enough time to ex- to acquire a workable movement of
of every lesson but valuable time can plantion and illustration You can
.
the ai-m.
be wasted in this kind of practice if not give those successfully unless Kindly bear in mind that the regu-
we are not very careful. Our oval your class is attentive. If the super- lar teacher should devote her TIME
drills can stand a lot of improvement visor has trouble in securing the at- and ATTENTION to her class when
yet. They are not as neat as we hope tention of a class, with his visits as I am giving a lesson. I am not visit-
to see them later on. far apart as they are, it is a pretty ing her class for the purpose of giv-
A
light line or touch should be the sure sign that the regular teacher is ing her a rest period or time off to
goal of every pupil. I do not mean not in the habit of requiring attention. prepare some other lesson. New
the light lines that are the result of Anything that interrupts or takes teachers please note.
too much water in the ink. No pupil the attention of a class during a les- Respectfully,
can hope to acquire a light touch who son, that can be avoided, should not be R. W. CARR
does not sit well and hold his pen in tolerated. Every time the door to a Penmanship Supervisor.
the proper position. Correct speed is schoolroom opens, practically ALL Parkersburg, W. Va.
The B. E. will be glad to receive letter*
an important factor and is the direct pupils in that class stop work and look and bulletins used by other supervisors of
result of a proper position. up to see what is happening. I vis- handwriting.

Mr. T. C. Patterson, iienn le Chillicotho. Mo., liusincss Col


"Flourishing creates a fin nf (ouch. lo(K of reserve power
in nature." Every pcnm d have one of Mr. Patterson's
f^J^u^'n^d^<a^/iu^i/h^ ^
Ornamental Penmanship
By H. L. DARNER, Samson Motor Co., Pittsburgh, Pa.

^,^,-ii'tZ'i>-f'-7jifd^:dy!!---!^^

7.^:::z^</-7^€^:!<d^yt:'r^i^,^-t::i--i:t^^^
^^-r>inxyi--'f'7'Z^

\^ >

G)?^^

^ ^
lis. C£RTIi;IE5jTI1W
"\^^^

CT mis Husbluliciuauc upon morciuT^K cxainiiuiboii is Kninc*

WOHTII^ OF (iPvADU

•J vziULr^"
lih luiiv lurcunb anixcc* cur >'[a,iiaturcs

at iXtnoucr, Dcntis^nuania^tKis L
PEN BY ARTHUR P.MYERS. YORK
of 19
26 d^ ^^J^3^uJ//ieJi^(^^i£fu:a/h^ ^
Signatures of Penmen and Teachers of Penmanship
Send your signature written in black ink, or better, a cut of your signature for this page, which will contain plain and fancy signs-
tnrea of men and women who are devoting their time and efforts to better penmanship.

SOMETHING UNUSUAL IS COMING


There a big surprise in store for all interested in the page
is devoted to signatures. It is too soon to announce
particulars but we predict it will create a great deal of interest. It is something never before attempted in a pen

manship magazine. Watch this page.

c^
Teacher of Penmanship, Western, Ky., State
Normal School, Bowling Green, Ky. Penman. Thibodeau College, Fall River, Ma Penman. Douglas, Ga.

Mansfield, Pa.. Stale Normal School Inter-State Business College, Fargo, N. D Walla Walla, Wash., Business College

Rider College. Trenton, N. J. Modesto, Calif., High School, Commercial Dept.

Duluth, Minn., Business University Penman, ColliKe Park, Ca.

Penman Sniina High School


27

From the Pen of E. A. Lupf College, Columbus, O.


By H. J. Walti peg, Man., Ca

ALBERT FOX commercial teacher and professional


penman. He writes as follows: "Per-
Albert Fox who has charge of the sonally, I feel I have done quite well
commercial department, debating, and since leaving the Zanerian. My sal-
commercial night school in the Cle ary has been increased $100.00 per
Elum, Wash., High School, received month within five years, and I feel
his training at the Femdale High certain I can increase it another
School, Femdale, Wash., Wilson's $100.00 per month in the next five
Business College, Bellingham, Wash., years. I do not think I could have
Zanerian College of Penmanship, Co- done this had it not been for my train-
lumbus, 0., Summer School at Wash- ing at the Zanerian. It was this train-
ington State College, Pullman, Wash., ing which secured my first position
Extension work at Washington State for me at the Washington State Nor-
Normal School, Bellingham, Wash., mal School." He has also taught in
and the University of Washington. tiie Whatcom High School, at Belling-
Before entering the U. S. army he had ham, Wash.
two years' experience as a practical Mv. Fox has used his penmanship
office assistant. Last summer he had as a means of securing his education.
a part in the all-college play at the He now has an offer to teach one-
Slate College of Washington. half days and to complete work for a
Mr. Fox came to the Zanerian in degree.
1919 to specialize in penmanship. He Mi\ l^x has considerable ability as
has become a very skillful penman and a debater and expects to be on the
since leaving the Zanerian, five years State College debating team.
ago, he has continued his educational ALBERT FOX The commercial teaching profession
work until today he is a well rounded will hear more from this young man.

This old-time masterpiece written by Mr. Farley in 1886 will make the bays of today burn midnight o'l to equal it, if indeed they can

^ ^MJr^^uJi/i^S^'^/iu^i/h-
REMINISCENCES OF A NON-PRO-
FESSIONAL WRITING MASTER
abouts or even the existence of my
future business partner.
DESIGNING &
(Continued from page 17)
At that time, I think that the vet-
eran penman, M. A. Pond of Topeka,
ENGROSSING
blackboard penman even now), but was the only man in Kansas who had B. L. BROWN
the work of my pupils showed, as it been teaching penmanship rationally, Rockland. Me.
although that other dear old Master, Send seli-addressed postal for cri
has shown many times since, that a J. T Spalding was already installed stamps for return of specimens
fellow does not need to be a fine pen- at Kansas City, Mo. So, it wasn't DESIGNING AND ENGROSSING
man himself to be able to teach the long before my radical methods at E. L. Brown
art to others. There is really nothing Paola began to make the Jayhawker I n beginning we
strange in that. Great arti.sts have educators sit up and take notice. will urge careful.
rarely been great teachers of art, and Many other students of the school be- Drawing And thoughtful study in
the greatest teachers are seldom great sides the regular members of the writ- Development drawing and devel-
artists. Every experienced school man ing class, noticing the growing enthu- Leaves, Fruit opment, against
knows that many of our skillful pen- siasm and results, came into my class- And Ribbons. careless, indifferent
men have not shone when it comes es, on the advice of the President, to attention to the vari-
to their work before a class. Con- learn how writing should be taught. ous rules governing form, proportions
versely, some of the very finest teach- The summer normal institute law had and color values.
ers of writing whose work I have seen, been recently passed in Kansas, and I A good pencil drawing means that
were hardly above mediocrity as pen- was spending two months of every the battle is more than half won
men. Personally, I am inclined to summer working in these schools. As don't forget this fact. Aim for ac-
think that, as a rule, the artistic tem- Institute Conductor, took charge of
I curacy of form, and also for good pro-
perament is not a desirable possession the writing classes, and soon had all portions. In arranging the fruit and
for a teacher. the young teachers on the road to good leaves avoid a set appearance. Sug-
Some two or three years after the writing by the Gaskell route. Mr. gest lining for color values and indic-
events I have just related, I was pro- Gaskell began to register extreme in- ate places where darkest tones appear.
moted from the country school-teach- terest when these generous orders for Make your drawing on good bristol
ing into a position as a sort of gener- his Compendium commenced to come board, using Zanerian India ink and
al utility insti-uctor in the Kansas Nor- in, and it was not long before I heard Gillot No. 170 pen. Study the thick-
mal School, an institution that had from him appreciatively. ness, spacing and direction of lines in
lately been established at Paola, a For five happy years, I carried on treating color values. A very few-
town near the east border of the Jay- refonn in Kansas, then I
this writing short broken lines will produce tone
hawker State. My special field was went away for good, to California. values of fruit. Add each line with
Natural History, but being the only Coming back to the state nearly care. The ribbon makes a most inter-
member of the faculty who appeared twenty years later, I was surprised —
esting study note lines used to indic-
to know anything about teaching as well as amused to learn that in ate light and shade. The ribbon tied
writing, that work was wished on me. manv counties in the state, arm move- at top of wreath may be treated with
At the time I came, all the writing ment writing was still known as "The quite coarse lines, but the ends which
.students were provided with the Marshall Method." Such is fame. should float away into space must be
regulation old-fashioned copy-books, And so I come to the moot question drawn with very few fine shade lines.
and were required to do the regular as to whether I am really and truly Note the airy effect of the apples in
-Stunt of eleven lines a day. There a penman. If you could see my or- outline just above tlie wreath. The
was nothing mystic about the number dinary writing, or even the kind I do ribbon in lower left hand corner
eleven, but there were twenty-two when I am
trying to show off (which shows light and shade developement
lines to the page, and so it came is rarely) the question would be laugh- of the outline drawing as shown in
handy to do one lesson every two ed out of court at once And yet, I the opposite corner. In center of
days. The class registered about am still teaching my little mount- wreath is .shown two stippled planes.
as much enthusiasm over their work, aineers out here, to "write right" in You will observe that the uniform
as a bunch of convicts breaking stone the same way that the Treasury clerk tone is obtained by regularly spaced
in a road quarry. The President taught me, never having found a bet- dots of equal size. Before half-tones
of the school happened to be an ed- ter way, and I have a "Christmas let- came into such general use, portraits
ucator who had not yet undergone pet- ter" before me, written by one of these were drawn in pen and ink for zinc
rification, so he only grinned, when same little country youngsters, that etching, and stippling was often used
without consulting him, I sent the is a lot better than anything I can do, for flesh tones. However, stipple can
copy-books to the waste-baskets, or- or ever could. Only I don't now use be used for many commercial designs
dered a ream of white paper and per- Gaskell's Compendium, but the Zaner with pleasing effect.
.suaded each pupil to subscribe for a copies, that comprise the official
Gaskell. I may remark that this was course in this state, along with plenti- I am glad to note the steady im-
just about the time that our good ful stray copies of the Educator, that provement in content and appearance
friend A. N. Palmer, was working his are replete with writing even more of THE BUSINESS EDUCATOR.
way through the Gaskel School at Con- beautiful as well as practical, than J. F FLOWER,
cord, New Hampshire, by serving as anything Gaskel ever did. Newport Business College
janitor, but at that time, of cour.se, So, perhaps it is just as well if we and Secretarial School,
I was quite ignorant of the where- let the question go unanswered. Newport, R. I.

B> D. Beaurhamp. Frost BIdK.. Ix>g AnEcles.


^ ^^Jr3BuJl/i^A^^/iU^l/^7- ^ 2»
30 ^ ^^^f^uJ//t^U^(^4<£[u:a/^ ^

e is in the handwriting Piatt R. Spencer, Sr.. "The Originator and Founder of Spe: as posted in the
of East Ashtabula, Ohi in the spring of 1858. Mr. Horace W. Shaylor, who was a pupil ed the specimen.

(SPECIAL OFFER) 12 funny letters, that


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DIPLOMAS Teachers and Students
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grammar, system, vocabulary in pic- twelve years as policy writer enables me to
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206 Broadway NEW YORK CITY. $1) postpaid.
12
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f>

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TINUE THEIR STUDIES THROUGH THE COMPENSATION RECEIVED BY LETTERING
PRICE TICKETS AND SHOW CARDS. FOR THE SMALLER MERCHANT. OUTSIDE OF
SCHOOL HOURS. Practical lettering outfit consisting of 3 Marking and 3 Shading Puns. 1
^ color of I>ettering Ink. sample .Show Card in colors, insi ructions,
PRACTICAL COMPENDIUM OF COMMERCIAL PEN LETTER-
figures and alphaliots
i*^ prepaid $100.
III ING AND DESIGNS 100 Page. 8x11, contain-
-_Tjl1 J 1 Ml] p . I
..
122 plates of Commercial Fen alphabets
Murk
fmishcd Show Cards in colors, etc. —a complete
Catalogue fr instructor for the Marking and Shading Pen,
prepaid, One Dollar. FOR SALE— ,?'.',„?,7-"
unt of death of
old business
The Newton Automatic Shadins Pen Company Dept. B PONTIAC, MICH., U. S. A. Middle West. Attractive price little ;

.etilion. Aililrcss Box SSf). care The Busi-


Educalor, Columbus, Ohio.
:

^ f^J^u^'/i^ii^is^/iu^a/h^
Want Buy Business College
Prefer
to
Central States. City of 20 to SO thousand.
TEACHERS WE PLAGE YOU
Established 1906
%5sition?'
POSITIONS
Must
'"
We enroll only Normal and College Graduate
Have good Reputation, Stand close
BRANCH OFFICES:
investigation.
Give as much information as possible in fir^t
K0C/<r/^r-7£ACH£/^S
letter.
BOX
AGfTAfCY Portland, Ore. Minneapolis, Minn. Kansas City, Mo.

587. 410 U.S.Nat. Bank Bldc.Denver.Colo. K W, Bank llde. liinieir Eicliaiee llillo Sld{.

lucator. Columbus. Oh o.

WANTED BUSINESS IS LOOKING UP


Penmen and all students of Penmanship to try Within a few days we have had _ .__.l schools for ten teachers:
Meub's Professional Oblique Penholder. I some to begin soon some in the
; and fall. And calls, in the same time, have come
guarantee you will do better penmanship, be- from eight high schools, large a all. East and West and local, at salaries up to $2600.
cause I adjust each holder to make true, clear- By the time you read this, busin :il be booming. May we help you? (Written Febrtlary
cut shades. Made of the finest imported woods. 4. I!r26.)
and inlaid with Parisian Ivory. The cost is THE NATIONAL COMMERCIAL TEACHERS AGENCY,
$1.50 and you may pay the postman.
(A Specialty by b Specialiit)
Your money back if not satisfied. E. E. GAYLORD, Mgr.. Prospect Hill, Beverly. Mass.
A. P. MEUB. Expert Penman
2365 Mar Vista Ave. Pasadena, California

YOUNG MAN with character, capacity and AN ART SUPPLEMENT (Fourteen by Twenty Inches)
capital can learn of an opportunity to be-
come a school owner by addressing Giving actual size patterns for cut-outs and illustrated
ESTABLISHED, directions for construction problems, comes with
Lock Box 107, Providence, R. I. THE SOUTHERN SCHOOL JOURNAL,
FOR SALE— Busines s Scht ol in good territory.
NEWPORT. KY.
Beginning with January, 1926.
New Equipment. No competition Price
(Send for sample copy.)
$5500.00 Address Box 5S6 care The Business
Educator . Columbus, Ohio.

ALBERT TEACHERS' AGENCY


go. 111. Symea Bldg.. Denver. Colo.
City. Peyon Bldg., Spokane. Was
TO TOUCH TYPEWRITING Forty-First year. We have secured PROMOTION for many thousands
VIA GUIDE KEY CROWNS. of teachers. A large percentaare of these were men and women in
THE FAR BETTER WAY CO.MMERCIAL BRANCHES. We need well prepared teachers for good
positions in high grade schools. Our booklet contains a message for
M. SCOUGALE, Weatherford, Texas you. Send for it.

WANTED POSITIONS FOR TEACHERS-


Position with a reliable Business College by a BUSINESS COLLEGES FOR SALE
Splendid salaries, choice positions, beginning nd experienced teache
man of many years experience along the lines i

Write for free literature state qualifications jriefly. Money makin


;

of commercial education, as school manager, colleges for sale. Write for particulars no ch irge. —
advertising man. general all-round commercial Address M. S. COLE. Sec'y.
school assistant or solicitor. Best references CO-OPERATIVE INSTRUCTORS' ASS'N, 41 Cole Bldg., MARION, IND
furnished and required. Address Action, care
Business Educator, Columbus, Ohio.

Commercial Teachers Placed By Us In


Twenty-nine States This Season!
During the past several months we have sent commercial teachers to 29 dif-
ferent states —
16 to New Jersey 17 to North Carolina
; 16 to Pennsylvania ; ;

8 to Mississirpi 15 to West Virginia; 10 to Kentucky: 7 to Florida; 11 to


;

Virginia ; 7 to South Carolina, etc. Second semester high school openings


will be coming in soon. We have good business college vacancies on file now.
If you are interested in a commercial teaching position, write us for an en-
rollment blank.

CONTINENTAL TEACHER S' AGENCY


BOWLING GREEN, KENTUCKY.

GET THIS SERVICE more than fifty magazines,


Space in
methods, and contact with
direct
15,000 members, keeps us in touch with leading schools and
POLK'S REFERENCE BOOK
FOR DIRECT MAIL ADVERTISERS colleges. Commercial teachers are in demand. If on our list,
Shows how increase
to your business by
the use of Direct Mail Advenislns, 60 paces you won't miss the good openings. Write for details.
full of vital business facts
and figures. Who,
where and how many prospects you have.
0?er S.OOO lines of business covered.
Write for your FREE copy.
R. L. POLK & CO., Detroit, Mich. Specialists' Educational Bureau
Robert A. Grant, President, Odeon Bldg., St. Louis, Mo.
z :

32 .^J^3^uJ//te^i^^£'^/iu^i^r^ ^
HAROLD C. SPENCER PASSES COMMERCIAL TEACHER
AWAY All persons interested in commer-
cial education, and especially those
Through our old friend, C. E. Doner, interested in its perpetuation by pri-
we learned of the recent death, from vate schools, should not fail to read
pneumonia, of Mr. Spencer, who was Bulletin No. 16 issued by the Uni-
Head Master of the Charleston High versity of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, en-
School, Roslindale, a suburb of Bos- titled, "The Training of Commercial
ton. Teachers."
Mr. Spencer was born in England r The bulletin was prepared by E. G.
54 years ago and came to America in
his childhood. He was educated in
the schools of Providence, Harvard,
A Blackstone, instructor in the College
of Education and College of Com-
merce. Its purpose is set forth as
Columbia, University of Chicago, /J follows
Rhode Island School of Design and "This study was undertaken for
Boston University, From the latter the purpose of securing the facts as
he received the degree of master of to what is being done in institu-
arts, bachelor of science, bachelor of tions, all over the country, in regard
business administration and master of to commercial teacher training, so
business administration. He was a that the findings might be used in
Mason, a certified public accountant the development of such training at
and a member of Phi Beta Kappa and the State University of Iowa."
Beta Gamma Sigma scholarship soci- It inaugurates a most laudable
move right direction for the
eties.
In addition to his other numerous
r /' in the
training of commercial teachers; but
duties, Mr. Spencer for several years > y/Y'/Y/r//'//'/ after reading it one cannot help but
past was instructor in accounting and wonder what influence it will have on
mathematics in Boston University, private schools when practically all
college of business administration, and commercial teachers are trained by
in Simmons College summer school. r
/fYYY//Y//Y//Yy/ the universities. For obvious reasons
His widow, mother, and a brother it now seems that in time it will
survive. hardly be possible for the private
schools to compete with the state
The loss of one so thoroughly train- ' yY/Y/YYYY/Y///r'M universities in training commercial
ed and experienced in Commercial Ed-
He was teachers.
ucation will be keenly felt.
regarded by all who knew him as a On May 1 Mr. Blackstone will start
fine gentleman and highly talented in /Yrr/jY'// /y//y compilation of the material he is now
his field of commercial education and gathering. This should also prove to
penmanship. be an interesting document for all in-
terested in the cause of commercial
^y/Yf/YY///YY/ Yfy education. It is to be hoped that all
OBERLIN BUSINESS COLLEGE who should and can render Mr. Black-
PENMANSHIP CONTEST stone assistance in his undertaking
will do so.
President J. T. Henderson of the \=U. <YY7rYYYrrY////Yl
Oberlin Business College has just
awarded a prize of $10.00 in gold to Mr George R. Harrington, recently
Miss Lucile Stewart for making the Manager of the Douglas Business Col-
most improvement in her handwriting ry4fY////Y^YY//Y/Yj lege, Connelsville, Pa., is now with
during the Fall Term, and a prize of Beckley College, Harrisburg, Pa.
Mis.^" Henrietta Radell is a new
$5.00 in gold was given to Miss Marie
Heishman for handing in the best commercial teacher in the Rhodes
The above enprosser's sc-ripl was written by Prep School, New York City.
paper. L. an engrosser in the Kass2l En-
L. Fields,
Miss Helen Somers, last year head
Judging from the penmanship spec- grossing Studio in Chicago.
of the Department of
Secretarial
imens submitted, we believe that the Mr. Fields a recent product of the Zanerian.
is Nasson Springvale, Maine,
Institute,
penmanship in the Oberlin Business In fact we consider Mr. Fields one of the is a new typewriting teacher in the
College is up to the standard of the finest script writers ever turned out by the Commercial High School, Providence,
high grade work done in the other Zanerian. R. I.
subjects in that institution. Miss Helen B. An.sty is a new com-
The rest of the alphabet will api>ear in a
Mr. Henderson's offhand signature later issue of THE BUSINESS EDUCATOU. mercial teacher in the We.st Saginaw,
is one of the best that we have re- you don't ex- Mich., High School.
You'll not be doing your part if
ceived at this office for some time. press your appreciation of this work. Miss Margaret Dunlap of Emporia,
We hope to be able to reproduce one Kansas, has recently accepted a posi-
of Mr. Henderson's signatures on the tion with the Hillyard High School,
signature page of THE BUSINESS School Catalogs and Circulars have Spokane, Wash.
EDUCATOR before long. Students been received from the following: Mr. W. R. Burke of Everett, Mass.,
of ornate writing will do well to study Chillicothe, Mo., Business College; a H>25 graduate of the Salem Mass.,
and practice the graceful lines and The Tome Scliool for Boys, Port De- State Normal School, is teaching this
curves found in his signature, posit, Richmond, Va., Business School, year in the Northampton, Mass Com- ,

ture. Inc., West Virginia Business College, mercial College.


Fairmont, W. Va.; Mountain State
Kinsel, Supervisor of Writing. Business College, Parkersburg, W. A catalog entitled "Books on One
Alto H.. while visiting friends and the Va.; H. M. Rowe Company, Baltimore; Thousand Subjects" has been received
Zanerlan in Columbus Christmas week, met Ginn & Company, Boston; Robinson from the Popular Mechanics Press,
with a misfortunate accident. An engine Business School, Waterford, Ontario, Chicago. In it are listed books on
bumpinpr into the cars she had boarded throw Can.; Gregg Shorthand School, Pheo- practically every subject. If you de-
her and broke her hip. She is in Columbu.,;. nix, Arizona; The Isaac Pitman Co , sire to learn any trade or profession
O.. at the White Cross Hospital. Room 60. New York City; Keystone Commercial write to the Popular Mechanics Press,
We suRffest that her friends send her a few School, Norristown, Pa.; Senior High 210 East Ontario Street, Chicago, for
lines. School, Owensboro, Ky. a copy of this catalog.
,^^r3BuJ//l^JS^(^dU^^i^^ ^ 3S

f avoided by writing these words in


BOOK REVIEWS difficulty is
longhand, according to certain easily under-
stood principles of abbreviation. li mOM GRADE
Our readers are interested in books of merit, One of the cleverest ideas is that of in-
dicating vowels by position, and by leaving
but especially in books of interest and value
to commercial teachers, including books of
pecial educational value and books on busi-
a space between the letters where the vowel
is omitted.
DIPLOMASand
All such books will be briefly Examples of the abbreviating principles are
-

f
ness subjects.
reviewed in these columns, the object being to
give sufficient description of each to enable
the following:
The words correspondence, corresponded, cor- CERTinCATES.
"
our readers to determine its value. responding, and correspondent, are represented
by c I in longhand).
The words corrected, correct, and correc-
I
1926 Tax Diarv and Manual, Prentice- tion, by c or c rt.
Hall, Inc., New York City. Limp Catalog and Samples Free
The words collect, collectible, collection, by
leather binding, 364 pages.
The 1926 Ta.x Diarj- and Manual shows by
c or c
The words
It. (Lesson 5).
dear, dollar, direct, directed, di-
BROWN
HOWARD & MAINE.
',

' ROCKLAND,
calendar date, the exact day upon which each rector, directness, directory, directing, "could
-
of the 1.897 tax reports, returns and pay- be designated by the letter 'D' in first posi-
; ments should be made. This section in itself tion by those having a good memory, for the
will prove of immeasurable value to any one context of the letter would have to suggest
responsible for the payment of Federal or the meaning of the word. True, this outline
is sliorter than any shorthand outline, and
; It gives a digest of all the corporation, in- the student would have to depend upon his
heritance, and personal income taxes required memory. The teacher should also advise
'
by each of the various states. Under State whether or not the pupil is one who can de- DCJ 1 MADE
RFST mrtLfC s^ "'"> '"p "' and »<i-
j„3,jj 51.50 with three
> Corporation Taxes, for example, are shown pend upon remembering that the letter 'D' K. C. KING, 701 Met. Lite Bldg..
not set.
C what the states impose a tax upon corpora- stands for 'direct' or any of its derivative
Minneapolis.
tions, as such, what tax reports, returns and words." (Lesson 2.5).
payments should be made, and the basis of "If it is understood that the letter 'u' stands
" each tax. for no other word except 'unsatisfactory.'
then by writing 'u' in longhand we have an-
other outline shorter than the shorthand out-
How Advertisements Are Built, by (Les 16).
Gilbert P. Farrar. Published by D. The plan of the course is very simple. The
student learns the shorthand alphabet, and
Appleton & Company, New York uses the single-stroke word signs. Longer
City, N. Y. Cloth cover, 296 pages. words are written in longhand, thus avoiding
This book deals with the creation and pro- the difficult and troublesome rules for abbre-
duction of magazine and production of maga- viation in shorthand, which give so much
line and newspaper advertisements. It is in- trouble to many pupils. LEAKN AT HOME DURING SPARE TIME
tended for the use of two groups of readers ; It is stated in the Introduction that the sys- Write for book. "How to Become a Good Pen-
man," and beautiful specimens. Free. lo;?
the business man and the student of adver- tem is applicable to either Gregg or Pittman W.
tising. The business man needs a yard stick shorthand, but the sub-title of the work is. name on card if you enclose stamp, r. Mo.
for measuring the perfection of his own ad- "Pittman Shorthand Simplified." and most of TAMBLYN. 406 Ridge Bldg., Kansas City,
vertisement the student wishes to know how
; the instructions are for Pittamn rather than
modern advertisem;nts are built. Written by for Gregg.
an expert the book shows exactly how adver- "One thing that this System is noted for is
tisements are conceived, visualized, and then It can be read, and it is
put into type, pictures, etc.
the legibility of it.
safer to write and doubly so when the small THE AMERICAN PENMAN
words are written out in full." (Lesson 11). Handwriting Magaime
America's
It is suggested that the following words be
The Discovery of Intelligence, by Jos. written out in full: Can, change, cash, come, Devoted to Penmanship i nd Commercial
K. Hart. Published by the Century charge (Lesson 5) more, must, make, m-ght.
:
Edacation
name, nor, never, (Lesson 11) told, these,
Co., New York City. Cloth cover, (Contains Lessons in
;

those, this, there, their, thus, (Lesson 15)


Basiness Writing
;

431 pages. very, every, why, (Lesson 16).


This book and a story Accounting
tells the story, it is The course consists of only 42 lessons, and Ornamental Writing
easily understandable and positively thrilling. is presented in 66 typewritten pages.
of why men think— and why they don't of Lettering
; A. G. SKEELES.
when they first began to think, of where they Engrossmg
Articles on the Teach ng and
now think most, and where they now think
least. THE BUSINESS EDUCATOR i.s a Supervision of Pen Tianship.
Raw-Material Markets Hides and — source of great help and inspiration
me.
Yearly subscription price 11.25. Special
club rates to schools and teachers. Sample
Skins, bv John R. Arnold. Pub- to
copies sent on request.
by A. W. Shaw Co., Chicago. I am making use of many of the
li-^ihed
Limp leather binding, 606 pages. suggestions offered both for personal THE AMERICAN PENMAN |

55 Fifth Avenue NEW YORK


This volume on Hides and Skins is the first use and for the class room and expect
of the series which will deal with the raw- to u=e it more as time goes on.
material markets of the world. The increas-
ing dependence of the industrialized nations Will you please send a criticism of
upon the less highly developed sections of the the writing enclosed.
world for an adequate supply of leather and vours truly.
the widely scattered sources of supply made
this volume one which could only be success- BERTHA M. FORBES,
fully written by one who combined a world- Browne Jr.High School,
wide experience with an intimate knowledge Maiden, Mass.
of the trade.
The author's experience as Foreign Trade AN ORNAMENTAL STYLE. My course in
Miss Forbes enclosed a page of her work has helped hundre<ta
advisor of the Tanners' Council of America
copied from Mr. Lister's Supplementary Ornamental Penmanship
and as secretary of the National Association C!opies. Teachers who have the patience and become PROFESSIONALS. Send tor proof
of Importers of Hides and Skins, as lecturer
interest of their work at heart as Miss Forbes
Your name on cards, (six styles) if you send
at New York University, and finally as a and will work as faithfully will accomplish 10c A. P. MEUB, Expert Penman, 2365 Mar
member of a firm of export and import man- surprising results. The page which she en- Vista Ave.. Pasadena. Cal; ^___
agers adm'rably fitted him to undertake the
closed is very neatly and skillfully written.
difficult task.
We have no suggestions to make. Keep up HAVE YOU SEEN THE
the good work.
Brief Short Writing, Combination
He plugged along, from day to day.
JOURNAL OF COMMERCIAL
Long-Shorthand Third Revision.
EDUCATION?
Published by 0. A. Hoffmann, Presi- And soon he drew a raise in pay;
And then he plugged along some more. (formerly the Stenographer &
dent Hoffmann's Milwaukee Busi- Phonographic World)
ness College, Inc., Milwaukee, Wis- And got his name upon the door. monthly magazine covering all depart-
A
consin. But still he plugged, and now, we ments of Commercial Education.
learn. Strong departments presided over by well-
This is an ingenious attempt to combine the known teachers for those who teach any
good points of shorthand with the simplicity He's manager of the whole concern. branch of commercial education, including
of longhand. Teachers and students of short- business administration, accountancy, and
hand know that much of the difficulty in — From "The News Letter." a school maga- court reporting.
learning to write shorthand is met with in zine published bv the Barnes Commercial
writing the long words. In this system this School. Denver. Colorado. THE ONLY MAGAZINE OF ITS
KIND PUBLISHED

WEST and ALASKA Single copy 15c. Annual sabscriptlon $1.50

The ree Enrollment. Splendid Opportu egistrations last year. 44 N. 4lh St.
Send for Sample Copy.
JOURNAL OF COMMERCIAL EDUCATION
PHILADELPHIA. PA.
HUFF TEACHERS AGENCY MISSOULA. MONTANA

^ f^J^uJ/n^U^i^4i&u*j/fr^ ^
BOQUETS worth of latest-model Underwood COLONEL GEORGE E. SOULE
We are pleased to receive so many Typewriters."
On January 26 Colonel George E.
complimentary letters regarding the The well-known commercial educa- away
Soule passed at the age of 92
work of different penmen in the Feb- tor, R. J. Maclean, is the moving
years. America has lost one of its
ruary issue. While each person ex- spirit back of the Detroit Commercial
most widely known educators and
pressed admiration for some particu- College. The purchase of so many scholars. He conducted the Soule Col-
lar specimen, all specimens came in typewriters is evidently indicative of
lege, in New Orleans for 70 years.
for their share of praise. Regardless great prosperity for that institution.
Word of Colonel Soule's death came
of age, skill or ability everyone likes It seems not so very long ago when
too late to give further information
to be "patted on the back" when he the purchase of $500 worth of type-
regarding him in this issue.
does something which is appreciated, writers for a commercial school
or which is especially good. seemed a rather large investment, but
Wefear that far too little has been we must remember that enrollments MR. MEADOWS SAYS:
done lately in the way of encouraging in many schools were very small then
contributors. When you see a deserv- in comparison with today. It isestimated that every day spent
ing specimen published in THE BUSI- Detroit is one of the great cities of in business college is worth twenty-
NESS EDUCATOR compliment the the United State and we believe one six dollars to the individual student.
writer. of the most prosperous. Mr. Mac- This is based on a general average.
If he is a beginner one encouraging lean's School is therefore evidently To some, every day will eventually
letter may send him on the road to keeping pace with Detroit's progress. prove to be worth a great more than
success. If he is an experienced pen- that. To others, it will probably be
man it will encourage him to submit It all depends on how
more and better work.
SILENCE
KARAM SHORTHAND worth less.
you apply yourself, how you use your
kills interest, so let us IN 30 TO 60 DAYS time.
pass along the boquets when they will Some students spend several hours
do the most good. It will not take KARAM SHORTHAND a day studying outside of school hours.
much of your time and may do an is efficient, practical, speedy — the sim-
Others don't even use the regular
immense amount of good. plest system ever devised. school hours as well as they might.

$5000 WORTH OF TYPEWRITERS CORRESPONDENCE COURSE Result: The former gets through in
Both Shorthand and Typewriting the minimum time and goes out on a
From the Detroit News of Decem- good paying position; the latter drags
ber 31, 1925, we
quote the following: successfully taught by mail.
information. his or her course out over a long per-
"Typewriting enthusiasm will reach Write for full
iod of time and is fortunate to get
its zenith in Detroit next Monday
morning when the nationally known
KARAM CORPORATION a position even paying the minimum
salary.
Detroit Commercial College world — 117 '/z West Second Street
winner in competitive tests in touch OKLAHOMA CITY, OKLA. So, use your time to the best ad-
vantage. You get out of your course
typewriting and Gregg Shorthand
begins its 24th year with a brand
what you put into it. Likewise, you
get out of life what you put into it.
new typewriter equipment, including (Mr. Meadows is President of Draughon's
the purchase this week of $5,000 ^ddress Business College, Shreveport. La.)

Skillful Signalures by R.<


^^^r^ia//i^U^^^/fu^i^:r ^ 86

H
"
FIGURES AND QUESTIONS
A Magazine of ART,
(Continued from page 22)
The study of final letters gives a
few striking per cents:
Per cent
of total .
-r.Hnt..
\aQ NATURE, SCIENCE,
Mental.
Physical
CLEAN,
BEAUTIFUi.LTandpro£ul"eiri&ated'D?it
Moral and
Culture.
educational,

I Final
Letter
occurrences
of that
letter
1^°^^.- iiP?'^^^ e"'^ ^^^ HUMAN FIGURE
Art and Photosraphy. iSsson^^
composition, retouchins. etc. Amateur
contests, cash art assignments. For ART and NATURF
y 83.4 lovers. Correspondence and High School Art Studtnts
Designing. in
k 52.7 Illustrating, Cartooning. Comic Drawing ai^d
d 38.1 7 „ - Photographers, Photo-takers, Signwriters Amatoni- WritI,.
T t 34.7
^^ P»^'»- Nothing in it that a child should
^t seV"'
The Body Beautiful. Mind Intellectual. Soul Intuitional, rifd Stands 1o?
fskne and pr^
e 32.8
Small e is the most frequent final
rw,"'ll''^'"'°'?'7
°'
Can t bedescribed. must
='"'^
be seen. °t
'"'i"8
"f^- DIFFERENT. Nothing like
Send now. with S2.50 for a year
y siib
T
'ith SI for a 4 mo. Triaf Sub.
6 big back issues.
letter, being used in 567 different ART AND LIFE, DEPT. 2597, Kalamazoo, Mich.
words. Five letters, i, v, j, q and z
are not used finally in any of the
words in this Ust. LEARN ENGROSSING
Questions in yoar spare time at home.
1. Do we
learn to write letters in Thirty Lesson Platea and
combinations, so that a frequent com- Printed Instructions mailed
to any address on receipt of
bination, such as er, is easier to write two dollars. Cash or P. O.
than jn or Ip, which each occur in Money Order.
only one word in this list? p. W. COSTELLO
2. Should words for practice be Engrosser, Illominator and
Designer
chosen with reference to frequency of Scranton Real Estate BIdg.
the combinations employed ? SCRANTON. PA. oJpecial a{/en^ion gjven
Should j be taught first in words
3. ^0 reproduction ofScnpt
which it occurs initially, and y first
Learn PENMANSHIP By Mail
in Business Writing a Specialty. Send for Cir- and 'Penmanship Copies
in words in which it occurs finally cular. Up-to-date Visiting Cards 3oc Doz.
since these are the positions in which
these letters are most frequently
written
4.
?
Is this matter of the relative
Engraving Co.
frequency of letters and combinations (;i; En^avers
of any interest or value, or does the
306 Boyle Ave.. NEW CASTLE, PA.
v Designers
fact that frequently-used words are
generally selected for practice auto- HANDWRITING EXPERT. Script for Pub- Ki IllQstrafors
lishers. Diplomas made and filled. Resolutions
matically provide for practice on the Engrossed. Lessons in Ornate Card Writing.
most frequent letters and combina- Scrap Book cards 50c. Your name 35c doz. Coliutibixs, Ohio
tions?
(The writer does not mean to imply
that he has any answer to any of
They remain as
these questions.
questions in his own mind. What an- Home Study—Free Tuition
.swers do you suggest?) High School. Normal. Business, Law, Civil
Service. Engineering, Drawing. Domestic
Science, Salesmanship and Collegiate courses
Mr. C. C. Lister, thoroughly taught by mail. Typewriting course
Maxwell Training School for Teachers,
1764 Noble Rd. CLEVELAND, O. free of tuition.

New York, N. Y.
Dear Mr. Lister:
It is a time of year in which we
usually make a special effort to ex-
press to our friends our appreciation
of their existence and influences in
Gillott's Pens
our lives. It is, therefore, my desire
The Most Perfect of Pens
to pass on to you a few words express- fif£S£yrtr^Aact!a£C!. _
ing my appreciation of the monthly
page you have been giving the readers
of the Business Educator for more
than a year.
Your pages in the Business Educa-
tor are the finest pages of business
EDWARD C. MILLS
writing, taken as a whole, that I have Script Specialists
ever seen reproduced. Not only that, p. O. Drawer 982 ROCHESTER, N. Y.
but they have, through the messages The finest script for Bookkeeping Illus-
trations, etc.. copy for which is prepared
they carry, been a real course in Pen- Send copy for estimate. No. 601 E. F. Magnum
for the engraver. Quill Pen
manship Teacher Training. I want,
therefore, to say to you, Mr. Lister,
that I have appreciated your contribu- Pens stand in the front rank as re-
Gillott's
tions to the Business Educator more -ARTHUR. H.IMYERS gards Temper, Elasticity and Darability.
than any other feature that publica-
FINE .VKT ENGROSSER UP
tion has run for several years.
rriiiiliitunis.(U^alinunitil5.
JOSEPH GILLOTT & SONS
With very best wishes for a happy
and prosperous New Year, I am I'JUcinorinlsi^lomas.Cortificatcj.Cbirtci-J. SOLD BY ALL STATIONERS
Very sincerelv vours, 4^ BOOK PLflTtS. HONOR ROLLS. TITLE PAGES AND
f _ C0AT5-0f-ARM5.ClI«l(T Oe>IS»5 fOR MEMORIttllBLIT'
Alfred Field &
R. r! REED _^1 TlM»r».MtMTJ,|,,L,tP.WARE.F„EjEWEU<T,ETC
Co.. Inc., Sole AgenU
Supervisor of Penmanship, „iiiran^rj, '^ifTm/ii/'.^^a^.iiniijfuHutSaLJU.uuiT.
93 Chambers St. NEW YORK CITY
jFerris Institute, Big Rapids, Michigan.
PENMANSHIP SUPPLIES
Prices subject to change without notice. Cash should accompany all orders.
All goods go postpaid except those listed to go by express, you to pay express charges. Of
course, when cheaper, goods listed to go by express will be sent by parcel post, if you pay
charges.

PENS PAPERS
Zanerian Fine Writer Pen No. 1. Zanerian 5 lb Paper (wide and narrow rule):
gr $1.75 % gr $ .50 1 doz $ .20 1 pkg. of 240 sheets by express $1.50
Zanerian Ideal Pen No. 2, Zanerian Medial Zanerian 6 lb Paper (wide and narrow rule):
Pen No. 3, Zanerian Standard Pen No. 4, 1 pkg. of 240 sheets by express $2.00
Zanerian Falcon Pen No. 5, Zanerian Busi-
ness Pen No. 6. Zanerian 7 lb Paper (wide rule):
1 pkg. of 240 sheets by express $2.25
gr $1.25 % gr $ .40 1 doz $ .15
Special prices in quantities. We also handle Zanerian Azure (Blue) Paper:
Gillott's, Hunt's, Speneerian and Esterbrook's 1 pkg. of 240 sheets by express $2.00
pens. Write for prices. Zaner Method No. 9 Paper (yg in. rule, SxlO'/j)
Broad Pointed Lettering Pens. 1 pkg. of 500 sheets, not prepaid $ .85
Complete set (12 pens) $0.35 100 sheets by mail postpaid 50
doz. single pointed pens 15 Zaner Method No. 15 Paper (% in. rule,
doz. double pointed pens 30 8x10 '/j):
doz. single pointed, any No 25 1 pkg. of 500 sheets, not prepaid $1.50
doz. double pointed, any No 60
INKS
PEN HOLDERS
Zanerian Fine Art Oblique Holder, Rosewood: Zanerian India Ink:
11 V4 inches $1.25 8 inches $1.00 1 bottle $ .40 1 doz. bottles express....$4.00
Zanerian Fine Art Straight Holder, 8 inches..$1.00 1 bottle Zanerian Gold Ink 25
Zanerian Oblique Holder, Rosewood: 1 bottle Zanerian White Ink 30
111^ inches $ .75 8 inches $ .65 Arnold's Japan Ink:
1 bottle, 4 oz. postpaid $ .50
Zanerian Expert Oblique Holder, 7'/i inches:
1 only $ .20 1 doz $1.25 % gr $6.50 1 pint by express 75
^ doz 75 V4. gr 3.50 1 gr 12.00 1 quart by express 1.16

Excelsior Oblique Holder, 6 inches: Zanerian Ink Powder:


1 quart package $ .30
1 only $ .15 1 doz $1.20 % gr $5.50
% doz. .70 Vi gr 3.00 1 gr 10.00 G packages or more, per pkg., net 22H
Zanerian Ink Tablets (both red and black):
Zaner Method Straight Holder, IVi inches: 1 quart box, 32 tablets $ .30
1 only $ .15 1 doz $ .60 Vz gr $2.65
22%
6 boxes or more, per box
% doz 36 % gr 1.50 1 gr 4.80
1 Triangular Straight Holder, 7% inches $0.25
FINE WHITE CARDBOARD
1 Correct Holder, hard rubber, 6% inches 25
1 Hard Rubber Inkstand .70 White Wedding Bristol: Size 22x28:
1 Good Grip PenpuUer '.
10 6 sheets, postpaid $ .90
1 Inkholder for Lettering 10
12 sheets, postpaid 1.65

CARDS 2 sheets by mail, postpaid 50


White, black and six different colors: LARGE SHEETS OF PAPER
100 postpaid, 30c; 500 express (shipping weight
2 lbs.), $1.00; 1000 express (shipping weight
4 lbs), $2.00.
Zanerian, 16x21 —32 lb. (smooth surface):
6 sheets by mail, postpaid $ .50
Flourished Design Cards: 20 sheets by mail, postpaid 1.50
With space for name. Two different sets of 12
each. Every one different. —
Ledger, 16x21 30 lb. (smooth hard surface):
2 sets, 24 cards....$ .20 6 sets, 72 cards $ .40 6 sheets by mail, postpaid $ .65
3 sets, 36 cards 25 12 sets, 144 cards .70 12 sheets by mail, postpaid 1.10

Write for complete Penmanship supply Catalog

THE ZANER-BLOSER CO., Penmanship Specialists, Columbus, Ohio


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^ r^A^r^u^ned^^^/iu^i/h-

PENMANSHIP SUMMER SCHOOL


JULY 6 TO AUGUST 14, 1926
For Supervisors, Teachers, Penman and Students
In addition to the regular Zanerian in- FRANK H. ARNOLD
structors. Dr. Doescher, Mrs. Landon,
Mr. Arnold is widely known as one of
Frank H. Arnold and Mr. Chambers have the most enthusiastic and progressive su-
been engaged for the Summer Term as pervisors of handwriting in America. Fur-
thermore, the interest he arouses and the
special instructors. results he secures fully justify his leader-
The scholarship in the profes-
highc-i^t ship in this work.
sion, the highest skill in the execution of The work of his pupils in the Spokane.
Washington, schools, where Mr. Arnold su-
penmanship and some of the most experi- pervises, is known for its forcefulness.
enced supervisors are represented in the legibility and free flowing qualities.
faculty. Can any one interested in pen- We are pleased to announce that Mr.
Arnold has consented to deliver a course
manship or methods, whether a beginner of 20 lectures during our 1926 summer
or an experienced supervisor, overlook the session. These lectures will cover every
opportunity for advancement that this un- phase of handwrfting supervision and give
others the benefit of his many years of
usually strong course will offer ?
experience in this work.
Plan to attend and receive the benefit to
Come with the intention of making the
be derived from the feast of instruction best use of your ears, eyes and notebooks,
that is to be given. and you will go away with such a store-
Pleasant, congenial surroundings. Write house of valuable and useful ideas as one
could gather in other ways only by de-
for illustrated Catalog. voting a life time to the work as a su-
MRS. ELIZABETH LANDON pervisor.
Mrs. Landon is a graduate of the Cort-
land State Normal School, Cortland. New
York, and of the Zanerian College, Co-
lumbus. Ohio. Her college work has been
done at Syracuse University. Mrs. Lan-
don has been directing the handwriting in
the Public Schools of Binghamton, New
York, since her graduation from the
Zanerian in 1916, and is therefore in a
Iiosition to pass on to our students the
benefit of her long experience in Super-
vision Work in one of the most up-to-date
school systems in the country. Mrs. Lan-
don is not only popular with her teachers,
but she secures excellent results as well.
Zanerian students will find in Mrs. Lan-
don a tireless and enthusiastic worker, an
inspiring teacher and a faithful friend.

WALDEMAR O. DOESCHER, Ph, D.,


C. SPtKCER CHAMBERS
Professor of Psychology and Philosophy
Capital University, Supervisor of Handwriting, Syracuse, N.
Y.. Public Schools and the Syracuse
Coluinbuii, Ohio.
City Normal School.

Dr. Doescher's preparation for the work Mr. Chambers, who is recogni/.ed by the
penmanship profession as one of the finest
which he plans to do in our summon blackboard writers and teachers in the
-school is as follows: A. B., Capital Uni- country, will be one of the instructors in
versity 1918; A. M., Princeton University the Zanerian Summer School.
l'.t21; Ph. iJ.. Princeton University 192:J Mr. Chambers has taught in Springfield,
Mo.. Portsmouth, Ohio. Covington, Ky.
Charlotte Elizabeth Procter. Fellow in Phi- Cincinnati. Ohio. Pittsburgh. Pa., Uni
losophy, Princeton University. 1922-23. versitv of Virginia, Charlotlosville. Va.
Dr. Doescher's ability as a scholar, his Zanerian Summer School and Bliss College
Columbus, Ohio. His experience in
skill as a teacher and his patient and sym- ncctinn with his exceptionally high order
pathetic attitude toward his pupils have of .skill in all branches of penmanship
endeared him to the student body of make his instruction ver>' valuable. He is
a hard working, conscientious teacher. He
Capital University, and we predict a simi- has spent many summers in the Zanerian,
lar experience for him at the Zanerian Wc are fortunate in again securing his
this summer.

Co/umbus, Oh/o
^ f^^f^u4/ned^^Uiu^i/^

SPEND YOU SUMMER


THE GREGG At

NORMAL COURSE HARVARD UNIVERSITY


July 6 — August 14
. . . The \J\tiYaate in
Special Courses for Commercial Teachers
Teacher Training Principles of Commercial Education and Their Application
to Business Training Problems in Junior, Senior, Con-
tinuation, Evening, and Private Business Schools.
High School Commercial Education and Fundamental
ROGRESS is the process of Methods of Teaching the Basic Commercial Subjects-
Business Writing. Junior Business Training. Business
adjusting ourselves to chang- Arithmetic, Bookkeeping, Commercial Geography, Type-
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ing conditions. We are Uving A WIDE RANGE OF COLLATERAL COURSES—Principles
of Secondary Education, Social Theory of Education, Vo-
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in changed world. New
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times demand new ways. The UNUSUAL OPPORTUNITY TO MEET AND EXCHANGE
VIEWS with leaders from all parts of the country.
Gregg Normal is the recognized leader COURSES CARRY FULL CREDIT VALUES for degree or
advancement purposes.
in resultful methods of teaching com- ANY EXPERIENCED COMMERCIAL TEACHER OR EDU-
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mercial subjects. NO BETTER PLACE TO SPEND A SUMMER FROM
STANDPOINT OP CLIMATE. Historic Interest and
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At the Gregg Normal you will receive forests.
SEND FOR BULLETIN
the mental refi'eshment that will help Director of Summer School— Harvard Un iity.
Cambridge, Massachusetts.
you to step out of the ranks of the ordi-
For special information regarding courses write Professor
nary. Courses are arranged to meet '. G. Nichols, Lawrence Hall, Cambridge, Massachusetts.

the requirements of the experienced


teacher as well as the one about to en-
ter this profession.

Students from all over the United


States and Canada are in attendance
each summer, and enthusiastically rec-
ommend the remarkable courses of
study and practice.
For 2 Generations Experts
Have Chosen Spencerians
An unexcelled placement service is

also at your command.


Gregg Normal
Men and women who teach penmanship
know from years of experience how
graduates are teaching in public and wide is the range of points offered in
private schools throughout the country. Spencerians.
The present day freedom in style of
Plan to spend six happy and profitable writing has developed rapidly, but the
variety of design of our fifty different
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August 13. more Write
Bulletin tells — From the testimony of pen experts we
for your copy today. adopted the slogan, "Spencerian Pens
are Best". They outwrite and outlast
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GREGG SCHOOL Send 10c for our assortment of 10 se-
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By E. O. P

New Edition New Edition


Metropolitan By U. G. Potter
Metropolitan By
McKinley High School W. A. Sheaffer
Business Chicago
System of
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Over 6000 words. New lessons conta You Will Like It. The text emphasizes the thought side of
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A Superior Speller seasoned, therefore accurate, text supported
Teachers' Reference Books, and Teachers* Manual.
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Twofold Design. In the preparation of the Metropolitan
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first, to teach the pupil to spell, and second to enlarge his any school in which the subject is taught. Two semesters
vocabulary, especially of words in general use. are required in High Schools and a correspondingly shorter
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classified words, as regards sounds, syllabication, accents and
meaning. We have grouped the words relating to each par- Parts III and IV text is suitable for an advanced course
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enabled to familiarize himself with the vocabulary of that ment without hesitation, that this is the most teachable,
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the nature of reviews. Wehave grouped words that can best bookkeeping and elementary accounting use.
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Abbreviations of states, months, railways and commercial
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division of words, and the use of the diacritical marks. The Books and Papers, 95 cents.
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EXAMINATION COPIES will be submitted upon request.

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Are You Getting Tangible


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Eveiy commercial teacher knows that it is more difficult to get tangible,
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ficult to determine just what are the essentials for an efficient Business Eng-
lish course. Second, it is far from easy to get those essentials so firmly fixed
that students will never forget them.

Applied Business English and Correspondence


(Revised 1924 Edition)
bij Hubert A. Hagar and Rupert P. SoRelle
has solved this problem for hundreds of schools. The unessential and purely
technical have been left out, but every point necessary for a stenographer or
office worker to know has been dealt with simply, directly, forcefully, and

above all interestingly. Students remember what has interested them.
Each lesson is followed by exercises that require a thorough comprehen-
sion of the principles explained, demand genuine mental effort, and develop
constructive ability.

The lessons are arranged on the unit plan —each complete in itself
making it possible for students to enter the class at any time.

A Time-Saver for Teachers and Students


The use of printed exercise forms, with space left for the insertion of the correct word by the stu-
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Supplementary Exercise Book, _ 40

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Many Pitman Writers Pass Exam, for

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writers pa.ssed the recent test for Municipal Court
Reporter, New York City. Following is the list
of .successful entrants in the order of their quali-
fying, giving in each case the shorthand system
used by the writer:
BLISS-ALGER
1. Harry Zimmerman Pitman
Bookkeeping and Accounting 2. Samuel Danziger Pitman
3. John H. Hotson Hotson
A strictly new course just off the press, combining Book-
keepine, Business Practice and Banking. Makes individual 4. Yetta E. Sheer Pitman
instruction a pleasure. Exceedingly interesting to the student.
5. John J. Morrissey Gregg
6. Jacob I. Zinman Pitman
Three Systems
7. Harry Birnbaum Pitman
ACTUAL BUSINESS (with offices) 8. Robert Fisher Pitman
FOLDER (like above, without offices) 9. Aithur Lissner Pitman
CORRESPONDENCE 10. Irving Netzer Pitman
For High Schools. Business Schools or any institution
teaching Bookkeeping. Text and outfit sent to teachers for
11. Sadye Davidson Pitman
examination. Mention school connection. 12. George Kravitz Pitman
13. Harold Schum Pitman
BLISS PUBLISHING CO. 14. William Gewertz Pitman
SAGINAW, MICH. 15. Mary B. Conway Pitman
Ifi. Hermione R. Ketcher Pitman
17. Charles J. DeSantis Pitman
IS. Anna Pollmann Gregg
19. Louis A. Leslie Gregg
20. Samuel Goldstein Pitman
21. Benjamin Schwartz Pitman
22. Agnes M. Kelly Pitman
23. Elsie A. McQuade Pitman
24. Nellie V. Corrigan Pitman
C\/fORE people are learning 2.5. Richard J. Courtney Pitman
26. Louis V. Albers Pitman
each day that good 27. David Gottlieb Pitman
printing is an iwvestment—not 28. John J. Maguire Pitman
20. Samuel Flasterstein Pitman
an expense. 30. Aloysius H. Lyons Pitman
31. Pearl Hough Gregg
32. Kathryn T. Quilgan Pitman
33. Frank J. Torpey Pitman
34. Manus A. O'Donnell Pitman

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:

THE

U5tnes5 Stturatnr
Volume 31 COLUMBUS, OHIO, APRIL, 1926 Number 8

TENTATIVE PROGRAM NA- (e) The Penmanship Outlook for on Auditorium Platform,
TIONAL ASSOCIATION OF 1926, Bertha A. Connor, Direc- (c) Luncheon at Tremont School.
tor of Penmanship, Boston Pub- Thursday Afternoon
PENMANSHIP SUPERVISORS lic Schools. 1 P. M.
Cross-town Bus Ride to Ches-
Twelfth Anniversary Meeting, Wednesday Afternoon terfield and Donora Schools.
April 28th, 29th and 30th, 1926.
1:30 P. M Hotel Cleveland 6:30 P. M.
(a) Should all the Teachers of a Twelfth Anniversary Banquet
School be Required to Teach at Hotel Cleveland.
Headiiuarters Handwriting or Is the Special
Hotel Cleveland, Public Square, Teacher Plan a Greater Suc- Friday Forenoon
Cleveland, Ohio. cess ? Laura J. Breckenridge, 9:30 A. M.
West Lafayette, Indiana. (a) Election of Officers.
Wednesday Forenoon (b) Correlation of Reading and (b) How to Improve Our Penman-
Writing in the Primary Grades, ship Methods, A. M. Hinds,
9:30 A. M Hotel Cleveland
Alice E. Benbow, Trenton Pub- Louisville Public Schools.
Music by Girls' Glee Club, Mr. Davis,
lic Schools. (c) Manuscript Writing, A. N. Pal-
Director, East High School.
(c) How I Arouse Interest and En- mer, New York City.
Courtesy of Mr. Morgan, Direc-
thusiasm in My Schools, Lucre-
tor of Music, Cleveland Public Friday Afternoon
tia Cavanah, Cleveland Public
Schools. 1:30 P. M.
Schools.
(a) Address of Welcome, including (a) Penmanship Plans and Devices,
a talk on Supei-vision, Dr. Thursday Forenoon J. A. Savage, Omaha Public
Bixby, Assistant Superintend- 8:45 A. M. Schools.
ent of Cleveland Schools. (a) A Visit to the Tremont School, (b) Greater Demand for Better
(b) Response, Lettie J. Strobell, one of the largest elementary Writing, Gene G. Farr, Flint
Pittsburgh Public Schools. grade schools in the United Public Schools.
(c) President's Address. States. Leave Hotel Cleveland (c) Finale, C. A. Bamett, Director
(d) Our Alphabet, S. E. Leslie, at 8:45 A. M. with guide. of Handwriting, Cleveland Pub-
Spencerian School, Cleveland. (b) Demonstrations from Four lic Schools.
Leading Supervisors with Class

a/? (3
^ f J^
/7 "^

John Alfred White, 818 Monroe St.,


Ind., Secretary National Comraer
By E. C. Mills Teachers Federation. By E. C. Mills

THE BUSINESS EDUCATOR SUBSCRIPTION PRICE, $1.25 A YEAR The Business Educator is the best medium
(To Canada, 10c more; foreign, 20c more) through which to reach business college pro-
Published monthly (except July and AugTist) Single copy, 15c.
By THE ZANER-BLOSER CO.. Change of address should be requested prietors and managers, commercial teachen
612 N. Park St.. Columbus, O. promptly in advance, if possible, giving the old and students, and lovers of penmanship. Copy
E. W. Bloser Editor as well as the new address. must reach our office by the 10th of the month
E. A. LUPFER . - - - Managring Editor Advertising rates furnished upon request. for the issue of the following month.
^ .^^^uUn^d^f^/iu^ii^ ^

Lessons in Handwriting
MABEL
By VOGAN, Supervisor of Ha
ill be glad to give you good criticisms if you will se tiBton. \V. Va.)

Group Seven
Exercise One
Review the one space direct running oval. By this time you should have pretty good control over this movement.
Exercise Two
Try the one space open oval, then make push pull exercise inside each oval beginning with an upward curve and
ending with a downward curve. Count 1-2-3-4-5-6- for each oval and the same for each push pull. Think light lines
and good slant.
Exercise Three
Make this "a" exerci.se a whole space high first, then cut it down to "a" size. Count Curve 1-2-3-4-5-6-finish.
Take care to slant the downstroke and to touch the base line before swinging upward.
Exercise Four
This "a" exercise starts like "o" on the left side, but the right side is flat. Close the top. Push pull and cui-ve.
Count Over-round, 1-2-3-4-5-swing. Make a whole space, then reduce to "a" size.
Exercise Five
To make the "a", cui-i-e the over-stroke well. Study the shape of the white space inside the letter. Count
1-2-3. Write about 60 letters per minute. Note the small "i" in the "a." If you have good "i's" in your letters and
closed tops the form must be pretty good.
Exercise Six
When joining the four "a's" count "a"-l-2-3-4 slowly. Point the tops. Cui-ve tlie joining strokes well. Make good
elbow cur\'es at the finish of every letter.
Exercise Seven
Test your skill again on these words. Have you made any progress since we tried the other words ? If your
position and movement are correct the slant will take care of itself. Work for uniform lines on a whole page. Can
you write at lea.st three good, legible lines in a minute ? Don't be satisfied until you can.

Group Eifjht
Exercise One , . , r a
. i <-.

Now we are ready to study some capitals! Let us begin with the direct oval group which is composed of A, C,
(), D, and E. Try several lines of the direct oval movement. Putting the push pull in the ovals makes for better con-
trol and will help you with the slant side of the "A."
Exercise Two
Make six counts of direct oval, then .slant upward about 2-3 over to the right inside the oval and push pull six
counts. Snap the finish off with a curve ju.st below the base line.
Exercise Three
Start this exercise with the pen in motion. Curve toward the left and downward. Make the right side flat as in
small "a." Aim to close the top. Push pull and finish below the line. Count 1, 2-3-4-5-6.
Exercise Four ^ „ , ^. ,

Start the "A" with the pen in motion. Make the left side cui-ve. Slant tlu- right side up to a point. Retrace about
^ f^^*^Uii/n^di'<S(i^iu^i/i?^
half way down and snap the cun'e off below the base line with the pen in motion. Count 1-2 at the rate of 60
letters per minute.
Exercise Five
Apply the "A" in these words. Work until you can swing some good ones.

Group Nine
Exercise One
Count this oval exercise 1-2-3-4-5-6-swing using direct movement. These do not need to touch at the sides, but
you should write about fifteen ovals to the line. See how nicely you can retrace each oval.
Exercise Two
Start the little loop leftward with the pen in motion. Swinq: over to the left and around six times and finish with
a curve to the right with the pen still in motion. Count 1-2-3-4-5-6-swing.
Exercise Three
This is another good development for the capital "C." Begin the same as exercise two, but swing on over retrac-
ing the whole letter about three times and finish. Count 1-2, 3-4, 5-6-swing.
Exercise Four
Study the large foi-m of the letter carefully. 1. Keep the closed loop a little below the arch of the oval. 2. The
loop slants like push pull exercise. 3. The loop extends about half-way down. 4. Note the space between the loop and
the back of the letter. Curve both sides of the loop equally. It resembles small "e" reversed. Count 1-2; or loop-
swing, etc.
Exercise Five
Alternate the oval tracer and the "C" counting rather slowly for the tracer so you will not be hurried too much
in trynig to swing the letters between.
Exercise Six
In making any difficult capital letter you will get better forms if you motion the letter several times abcfve your
paper before letting the pen touch. Sometimes motion an oval before touching the paper. How many good letters can
you make in a line ? Put a lot of practice on this capital and the "E" will be easier for you.
Exercise Seven
Begin this exercise with the pen resting on the paper. It is composed of two half space direct ovals joined by a
loop in the middle. Finish with a swing as in the "C" tracer. Count Dot-l-2-3-4-5-loop-l-2-3-4-5-swing. BE sure to
pull the lower oval farther toward the left than the upper one so your exercise will have good slant.
Exercise Eight
Same as THE above except that we finish with a loop rather than a swing.
Exercise Nine
Alteraate the oval tracer and the "E." Study the dotted lines. 1. The slant of the ovals should be the same as
push pull. 2. The dot or tiny loop at the top is on push pull slant. 3. The middle loop looks down toward The base
line. Make the "E" ouickly. Count 1-2-3 at the rate of 40 to 45 letters per minute.
Exercise Ten
See if you can dash off some eood capitals. Be sure of the slant by pulling the lower oval to the left more than
the upper one, and make the middle loop slant downward.
Exercise Eleven
Try making the "E" with this finish then decide which form you make better and adopt that form for your own.
Exercise Twelve
Here are some more words for you to tackle. Always join "C" and the "E" which has a similar finish to the
following letter. Try several pages of these and other words applying "C" and "E."

'OQ^Q^
10
^ f^^r^uJ//mU^(^^/iua/h^

Group Ten
Exercise One
Remember that systematic study and careful practice wins. Try the one space open oval again and see if you
can swing them off easily and lightly. Make 18 or 20 ovals on a line.
Exercise Two
This is the "0" tracer. Be sure your pen and hand are in the proper position, then make the oval lightly and
finish with the little loop which resembles a carelessly finished small "e." Keep the finish on the right side and
cui-ve upward as if to make a small oval at the top.
Exercise Three
Relax your muscles and swing the "0" off gracefully. Get the pen in motion before touching the paper. Slant
the oval. Keep all the finish to the right. Close the top. Cui-ve the finish as if to make a small oval at the top. The
"0" should be 2-3 as wide as its length. Count 1-2; or 0-swing, etc.
Exercise Four
This is a compound curve exercise. We need to practice it just now becau.se "D" contains such a stroke. Begin
at the top and swing under, leftward crossing in the middle. Aim to show the same amount of white space in both
parts. Count 1-2, 3-4, 5-6.
Exercise Five
The "D" exercise starts and ends just like the "0." Note the compound curve in the downstroke. The small loop
at the bottom known as the "toe" is like a small "e" reversed. Make a good arch in the bottom of the letter and be
sure to make the "heel" touch the line. Swing on over the top of the letter retracing three times before putting on
the loop finish. Count 1-2, 3-4, 5-6-finish.
Exercise Six
Begin and end this drill as you did number five. The only difference is that we make an "0" tracer after the
"heel" touches the line. Count 1, 2-3-4-5-6-finish.

Exercise Seven
Study the large form very carefully before trying any letters of your own. 1. Start with the pen in motion the
same as the "O." 2. Stand up "on the "toe." 3. Cross the downstroke rather high. 4. Touch the ba.se line again. 5.
Finish like "0." Close the top. Count 1-2-3 at the rate of 40 to 45 letters per minute.

Watch the slant of your paper. Try to get a clear mental picture of the letter forms. Hold the pen lightly.
Write these words many times and compare with some of your first ones and note your improvement. Have you
better lines, slant, spacing, and better forms?
^^^^uJ//i^^6:i/iu^i/fr' ^

Lessons in Business Penmanship


By J. J. BAILEY, Hieh School of Co Toronto, Ont., Canada.
{Mr. Bailey will be glad to give you good criticisms if you will enclose 15 cts.)

No. 1. Here are some good movement developers. Swing boldly at them, paying special attention to spacing and
speed. They cannot be mastered in a moment, so spend some time on each.

No. 2. A good test of your writing skill will be found in these signatures. Practice them critically and diligently
until you are able to write each one freely, easily and accurately. Never be content with mediocrity. Nothing but the
best should satisfy you.
12 ^ ^^^f^^u^'/mi^f^Jiu^i^?^
No. 3. Here we have words containing all the capitals of the alphabet. Work for uniform size, slant and spacin
See how easily you can swing off these words.

--^^t^/<--0'i:^U-^^f'Z^^

No. 4-16. In learning to write sentences practice each word separately until you can write it well. Next, write
each word six or eight times in columns each in its proper position in the line. Then write it as a line, paying special
attention to the initial and ending strokes and the spacing between the words. Go over each line carefully, marking the
errors, and then write it again trying to overcome the faults you discovered. If you do this systematically the last
line of the page should show marked improvement over the first one.

In the business forms study well the style, arrangement, spacing and size. Maintain the same wording as in the
lines in the copy. Write and rewrite each one many times until you notice an appreciable improvement.
In the paragraphs pay special attention to the style, arrangement, size and spacing. Write the same number of
words on the line as in the copy. Be careful of the initial and ending strokes, and use good movement and speed in
writing. Rewrite each one many times, striving to correct all the errors that were in the preceding one.

xZ^ -c^'tz^^yT'Z'^.-'y^^

^..^^^P—CyT^T,^

^€Z-^yi^-<p[-^
^ .^J^u4//i^d^<^^/ua^(^ ^ 18

'^..'T^t^^ 7^2.A^ y^zz-e-'^^ ,.-^-^^,,^^>^:-^4--.c^^ ^^^^^-^-^^i-^er^^^-^^

.,^-gZ.-<:S^-Zi^c?-_--i?^.--^>- >^7--^
^.
-yz^i^-

y-^i^-T-zy

^^-"^
By H. B. Lehman, Beaomont High School, Si. Louis, Mo.
The above specimen is by L. M. Gordon, a student in the Vancouver, British Columbia, Normal School, who writes as follows:

"Please find enclosed money order for a renewal of my subscription to THE BUSINESS EDUCATOR. I have only subscribed to the

B. E. for one year, but I consider that it has already earned its subscription for many years to come. My writing has improved so
much during the past year that I have been tempted to try for the Professional Certificate."
Mr. Gordon has almost reached the professional certificate standard.

/Cl?^/'^--->-z:-f '

This specimen was written by Helen R. Byrne, pupil in Milwaukee Stale Normal School. We
receive many very fine specimens written in blue ink which we arc unable to reproduce. Keep
in mind that writing to engrave must be real black.

^Z-0-1,-0—^xit-t.^

A hiilory lesaon by Sarah Raymond. High School pupil in Binghamton, N. V. Elizabeth Landon directs the writing in Binghamlon Schoab.
16

Helpful Criticisms
We have had numerous requests to criticise writing thr lugh our columns. We shall, therefore, endeavor to offer a few criticisms with the
hope of helping the teachers to give constructive criticisms and pupils to improve their handwriting. Please bear in mind that the criticisms
which we may make are for the purpose of helping you a id others. You should feel thankful (not resentful) if your specimen is criticised,
for it will help you to see your mistakes.
The specimen below contains a very fine, free swing nd is full of good things. This pupil, however, can make still further progress by
j

improving the things criticised. Notice the "y" in **my" looks like a *'g." The top turn is too sharp. By rounding it out. more legibility
,vouid be secured. The tops of c. a. d. o, and the botto of the s show a loop which can be avoided by checking the motion on the retraces.
This pupil has a tendency to make blind loops. Try to keep the loops open and let the daylight shine
Other teachers might not criticise the same things we have criticised and we might not criticise again exactly the same things
criticised. We have not picked out all the defects but have tried to pick out a few of the glaring ones.
Your suggestions and help for this department are solicited.

^^yc^

By Mary Partick, 12 year old, 7th grade, pupil in Columbia, S. C, public schools.
H. M. Hill, Supervisor.

Ornamental signatares by Rene Guillard, Evanston, 111.


i« ^ .^J^uJ/n^U^£d[u^i/h- ^
Supplementary Business Writing
Bjr C. C. LISTER, Maxwell Training School {or Teachers, New York City.

6'''^--^>^?-^?'Z.-z?-ci,rf^^<

--C^^L~^Ly^^1...^-'C^<f^L-rSfL^

^i. B£R T /iUBBAQO

ABCDEFGHIJKLAMOPQRSTUVWXYZ &
<PHIlSADEIsFHI/V 1234567890 S^sRWOR
An alphabet by Arthur I*. Meyers, York, Pa.
f^^^Uii//ted^^i(i^iua/h^ ^
And withthis coming amalgamation
of country and town industry, there
MENTAL MEANDERINGS will come an insistant demand for
Nature
more nature education.
Nobody can live success-
By CARL MARSHALL, Tujiuiga. Calif. Education, fully or happily in the
country without some
working knowledge of the ways of
Nature. You cannot even have a gar-
I have a valued friend who lives the elder Spencer required of his girls, den worthy of the name, without
away down east, who writes me nearly and it cannot be done when the fore- knowing about soils, plants, insects
every month something critical or arm musclese are rigidly bound in a and birds. Agriculture, whether on a
complimentary about tight sleeve. small or large scale, and whether
Muscles and these Meanderings. In I have always thought, with my amalgamated with machine industry
Movement. his latest letter, he friend, that the term "muscular move- or not, will continue to be the most
calls me down with ment writing" is an absurdly un- important activity of the Land. It is
the following spicy paragraph which descriptive term, and the e.\amples he agriculture that keeps us alive. And
will wrinkle with grins, the faces of cites make the absurdity sufficiently the whole of agriculture is based on a
most of our penmen. obvious. All writing is "muscular," knowledge of Nature. Some of these
"Now, as to that yam about old unless it is accomplished by a machine. times, maybe, the sophisticated, town-
Piatt R. Spencer taking his pen- bred, collegians and scholastics who
knife and slitting the sieves of the Henry Ford is promulgating an in- run education in this country, will
plump-armed girls so that they dustrial idea that is probably the most wake up to the fact. A few of them
might have freedom for what you important in the economic history of already have. But at present, nature
have called (making one slip, I the race. It consists in study even in our country schools,
fear,) "whole-armed movement" Workers the establishment of fac- hardly anywhere contributes more
Why a girl could not practice whole- Farmers. tories away out in the than a pale green tint to the required
arm movement with a tight sleeve country where land is course of study. In my state, grade
as well as with a loose one, is enig- cheap, establishing each worker on a children of the city and country alike,
matical to me; in fact, I don't think little holding of his own, and allowing are required to wade tlirough more
it is To be quite candid, I
true. him to divide his time between factory than six hundred pages of the United
know it isn't true, for I have seen work and the cultivation of his little States history, an equal amount of
them practice whole-arm movement farm. Mr. Ford shows that there is mostly encyclopediac geography, three
with various kinds of sleeves, and no reason, economic or otherwise, why texts each in arithmetic and g-rammar,
I am told that they do it sometimes, all the multitudinous machine-made with a plethoric allowance of other
without any sleeves at all. I think things we require, should be made in "required" work in such subjects as
you must have meant, free arm, or near towns, by workers crowded physiology, xlrawing, civics and so on,
fore arm, or, in the patois of one of together in slums or in unsightly and but there is not anywhere in the
our penman-authors, "muscular unsanitary little factory shacks. This course one line to help the child to
movement writing." I must admit, may have been necessary, a generation understand anything at all about the
however, that I always felt like crit- ago, when lack of interior transporta- phenomena of nature that go on all
icising- the term, "muscular move- tion made necessary, the delivery of about him. Some of the high schools
ment" because of its vagueness. If product and raw material at the great have "elective" courses in biology,
one were writing with his big toe, cities, but not now. It doesn't take where a few of the youngsters get a
he would still be writing with mus- much imagination to envisage the smattering of botany or zoology, but
cular movement; or, if, as I once good such a relocation of our great these courses are little patronized.
saw in a show, he were writing with industries would bring about to the The other day, I met a young lady
a stub penholder gripped between working classes in our cities. And it who is a university graduate and now
his teeth, using the muscles of his would mean just as much to the check- teaching a grade school, who admitted
neck to propel the implement, he ers, bookkeepers, time-keepers and that she did not know the amount of
would still be a "muscular move- others of the factory clerical force pressure that the atmosphere exerts
ment" writer, wouldn't he?" who would come to the country with on the earth per inch, or how high the
"Accordin' to his the others. There would be an end to barometer stands at sea-level, or why
lights," as they say out cut-throat rentals, dirty slums, with it "stands' at all. "I never had
in Missouri, my friend's kiddies playing in the gutters, cheap those things," she naively obsen^ed.
criticism is justified, stale foods bought from push-carts or And these mostly town-bred teachei-s
but I doubt if it helps fly and cockroach infested stalls, and that the normal schools are turning
matters much, by sug- for the clerks, narrow quarters in out to instruct country boys and girls,
gesting, "free-arm" or stuiTy flats, or long trolley trips to the seldom know half as much about the
"fore-ai-m" in the place suburbs, and all the other unwhole- outdoors as the boys and girls do, and
of "whole-arm." To some sordidness that attaches to mod- know as little of agriculture as they
my, possibly benighted ern city life for those who cannot live know of navigation. Few of them
verbal understanding, in luxury. And the new regime would would know an ash tree from an elm,
"free-arm means the be no less a blessing to the farmer whether ai'tichokes grow on vines or
same as "whole-arm, that is, any writ- who now has such a hard struggle to bushes, or whether the aphis infests
ing that is accomplished by a move- pay rent or taxes and make a living hens or cabbages.
ment of the entire arm, whether the besides, from the sale of his products.
member is lifted clear of the desk, or The one great purpose of education,
It would be a fine thing for him to
on its intellectual side at least, is to
rests upon it. As for the "fore-arm," vary his work with four or five hours
bring to us an understanding of our
the term itself, is meaningless. It a day at well-paid labor in the shop or
environment. But if you were to blue-
is not possible to write with the fore factory, for Mr. Ford's scheme means
pencil out of our courses of study all
arm alone, for the reason that there the bringing right to the farmer's
that does not contribute to this end,
is no ball and socket joint at the door, this extra and helpful work.
elbow. Try it and see. Probably, a
you would have mighty little left,
With all the nation's industries reor-
especially in the case of our farmers'
better term than any of the three, ganized on this reciprocatory basis,
children.
would be "rest-ami movement," which there might be no longer any need
might fittingly describe writing that for either farm blocs or labor unions.
is done mainly by the whole arm, with If Mr. Ford doesn't look out, he is Mr. J. W. Herbester, is the new
the weight of it supported by the likely to find himself, with these great
muscles of the fore-arm, acting as a new industrial ideas of his the most Head of the Bookkeeping Department
sort of pliable pivot. This is the kind practical, if not the greatest economist of the Laurel Business School, Meri-
of movement, as I understand it, that of his generation. den, Conn.

^ f^^r^uJ//t^U/(^<(/iu^i^?^ ^
works, "Soule's Practical Mathemat-
ics" and Soule's Science and Practice
The Commercial Teaching Profession of Accounting," have been considered
authorities on their subjects for more
Loses a Prominent Member than a generation.
His fame as a lecturer was nation-
wide, and his subjects were always of
was twenty-one years of age, he re- the younger generation.
moved to New Orleans and founded In 1887, the Rex Carnival Organi-
Soule College, which was destined to zation, conducting the Mardi Gras,
become one of the leading educational acclaimed him "King" of the Carnival,
institutions of America. and for more than foi'ty years he de-
Like all the residents of his adopted livered the address for the King in
state, the Civil War
found him at the accepting the keys to the city from the
front when hostilities started. When Mayor.
he entered the service of the Con- Colonel Soule was a thirty-third de-
federate army, he was made Captain gree Mason, a member of the Shrine,
of Company A, Crescent Regiment, and a Knight Templar, holding at
of New Orleans. He was very quickly his death the position of Past Grand
promoted first as Major and then to Commander of Knights Templar of
Colonel of his regiment. He served Louisiana, he was also a member of
throughout the war, returning in July, the State Grand Lodge of F. and A. M.
1865, once more to resume the wel- We are unable to give any definite
come duties of the school master. information regarding his family
In addition to supei-vising the man- other than to state that for many
agement of his school, Colonel Soule years his sons have been associated
found time to prepare a series of text- with him in all his activities. This
books on commercial subjects, includ- affords every assurance that the inter-
ing Mathematics, Accounting, and ests of his school and the furtherance
COLONEL GEORGE SOULE a nature making a special appeal to of his ideals will be competently cared
Auditing. Two of his best known for.
May 14, 1834— Jan. 26, 1926
It is given to few men to pass into
history before they have ceased to
labor among their fellows. Such a
privileged character was Colonel
George Soule, whose career encom-
passed the entire development of com-
mercial education in America. It is
II pc\*^ott^ Who
Ir
difficult, however, to think of Colonel
Soule soley as an educator. His in-
tellectualand spiritual gifts stamped
him as a leader not only in his chosen
calling but in practically every de- fhcattselvcj? as
partment of useful citizenship as well.
To have lived ninety-two years with
seventy of them passed in one city
5upca*vtsorj? of
every year filled with accomplishment
and achievement rarely paralleled in

American biography is a record of
which every American might feel
proud.
Those who looked upon Colonel
Soule for the first time at any of the
gatherings of commercial educators
felt that they were in the presence
of a mythological hero.
stature as well as
A giant in
in intellect, the
Xcinct'tan tollcqo. c^r^
average man was dwarfed in his pres-
ence. Those who w'ere privileged to Jcxx\\xa\xs\^ip. jXo oH\c\^
listen to one of his orations felt them-
selves caried back to the golden era
of Roman oratory. As author, ed- 5^cl)ool ca\t cc^;»tal iffox^
ucator, orator, lecturer or citizen, he
stood easily first and foremost among
his fellows.
Colonel Soule was born on May 14,
1834. It will come as a surprise to tnoxv^Lio^n^ iitsh^LicHoiv
our readers to know that he was born
in the North. For seventy years of
his life he was so closely identified
y)o tioF fail fo attcxtb
with the city of New Orleans, and its
intere.sts, that he was always thought
of as a native of the Southland.
atvoux" ca\*ltc^t'oppoi-
TP'
However, New York was his native
state. When he was fifteen years of hiitih c. iwi ^ ^ "

age his family removed to Illinois. In


a little while he was entered as a
student in Jones' Business College, in
St. Louis, and, later on, in the St.
Louis Law School. In 1865, when he J. Thompson, Newark, N. J.. Eastern rcpr of The Zancr-Bloaer Co.
^^^^uJ/neJ^^^/iu^i/^^- ^
If you happen to possess any
Penmanship Devices and Plans dis-
agreeable qualities, such as laziness,
inefficiency, grouchiness, and the like,
feachers arc invited to contribute short, helpful methods and devices of about
250 words to this deoartment. Pass your ideas on to others.
sliake those qualities off NOW,
and
cultivate desirable ones, such as
"hustle," pleasantness, dependability,
HANDWRITING DEVICES MR. MEADOWS SAYS: and the like. The latter are the
By Mrs. Elizabeth Landon, things that business men pay money
Director of Handwriting. Loyalty is a priceless virtue. It's for and they are the things that will
Binghamlon. N. Y. something that's BORN in a person.
Correlation and Application get you ahead.
Money cannot buy it. (Mr. Meadows is President of Draughon's
The greatest empha.sis of the pen-
manship lesson is placed on the last Every employer has a right to de- Business (College, Shreveport. La.)


item application. Proper names from mand loyalty of his employees. When-
ever you work for a man, work for
Geography and History, difficult spell-
ing words, poems from English, and him wholeheartedly; stand up for him
concrete problems from arithmetic as the occasion demands; FIGHT for
are used in the penmanship period. him, if necessary. If you can't do
The amount of application increases that, resign and get out of the way;
each day of the week until all of the give some other fellow a chance. Be
period on Friday except a general fair to your employer and to yourself.
"warming up e.xercise" is devoted to
paragraph or page writing. At this Insubordination is one of the worst
time all pupils above the third grade things an employee can be guilty of.
are given memory gems, choice poetry It leads to certain and definite troubled
or bits of literature. These are either Respect your employer, his wishes and
copied or dictated and are preserved his ideals. It won't cost you anything
until the end of the term, when they and it may get you a whole lot.
are arranged in booklets previously
designed and decorated in the draw-
ing periods. Tlie drawing director Every employer wants young men
suggests and inspects these covers and women around him who possesses
that each booklet may represent the "get up and hustle." In other words,
best in design, coloring and lettering, they want young men and women who
as well as writing. Later on, the are energetic and industrious; folks
selections found in the booklets are who are "on their tip-toes" and "rear-
used in the English work. Whole arm ing to go." They don't want anyone
movement is insisted upon by the around who is lazy, and who isn't
drawing teachers in blocking out or pleasant and agreeable; and you can't
sketching. blame them!

Ralph p. Marshall, whose portrait


appears above was born on a farm
near Old Washington, Ohio. After
attending the Rural Schools and grad-
uating from the Muskingum College
Academy and also from their Normal
School, he taught all grades in the
country schools and also upper grade
work in the Cambridge, Ohio, Public
Schools.
Having a desire to become a Super-
visor of Writing, he attended and
graduated from the Zanerian College
of Penmanship, Columbus, Ohio. In
addition he took special work at Bliss
College, Columbus, and from Geneva
College at Beaver Falls, Pa., which
counts toward a degree.
( i
At present he is Supervisor of Writ-
ing of New Castle, Pa., Public Schools
and he is giving correspondence
courses in business and ornamental
writing, and as a side line fills diplo-

-^ .
' /r/r///// ^. ''/y/^/yrur
mas and writes cards.
Mr. Marshall is a very skillful pen-
man and will no doubt contribute work
to THE BUSINESS EDUCATOR
from time to time.

Miss Elizabeth M. Dickey, of De-


troit, isthe new principal of the Sten-
graphic Department in the Hammond,
Ind., Business College.

Miss Elizabeth C. Harnack, of Rem-


sen, Iowa, has recently accepted a
Skillful card caning by Adolph O. Ambrose, Janesvillc, Wis., who combines script, water position to teach commercial work in
coloring and knifemanship very pleasingly. one of the Detroit High Schools.
This specimen is one of the finest ever published. Study it and preserve it for future reference. Study the regularity of slant, the action and skill
^^J^uJi/i^u^dy^u^i/h- ^ 21

muscle) will be forced to get off the


track.
The Teaching of Writing After this race, the children may
By J. A. SAVAGE, Supervisor of Writins, Omaha, Neb. be told that in two weeks, a month,
or any other given time the race shall
be repeated and that they will be
DEVICES automobile race. For the race every given the entire penmanship period in
The Automobile child gets in good driving position which to compete. Much good can be
with his car cranked up so that the accomplished in this way as the chil-
A device which appeals strongly to engine is running smoothly and upon dren will, through suggestion on part
children in intermediate and grammar signal from the teacher every car is of the teacher, become very careful
grades is to imagine that the hand off to cover as many miles as possible in observing different kinds of cars
and arm is an automobile. The large in the time allowed. Each mile is on the street and enlarging their
muscle of the upper arm is the engine represented by the child's writing the knowledge of makes and names of
which drives the car and must be used name of some kind of automobile, the cars in general. For this final race
in order to have the car work prop- child writing the longest list of dif- it must be understood that all names
erly. If the writing is done with the ferent makes of cars during the one must be spelled correctly.
fingers and the engine is not work- or two minutes allowed, is the win- Those who use the automobile game
ing, they are riding bicycles instead ner. During this race, after one name in their classes will be surprised and
of automobiles. The large muscle on is written and while the child is try- pleased at the interest which children
which the arm rests is the hind wheels ing to think of another name, the eii- take in their penmanship position,
of the car. The third and fourth gnie of the car should be kept in mo- movement, etc. This also brings about
finger nails are the front wheels. The tion. Any one caught riding a bicycle splendid correlation between penman-
wrist is the body of the car and (using the fingers instead of the big ship and spelling.
should, of course, not be permitted to
drag on the street. The pen i.s the
steering gear. Like the steering gear
of practically all car.s, this one should
be held at a slant. We should be
careful not to let it lie on the floor
of the car which is the base of the
tliumb. By keeping the first finger
nearly straight and the thumb well
cui-ved with the end opposite the first
joint of the index finger we have pro-
vided both a door and a running board
for our car. The thumb, being the
running board and the opening be-
tween it and the pen, being the door.
The hand should be so held during
writing that the running board is not
too far from the street and so that
the roof which is the back of the hand
is on top.
After the children have become
familiar with the diffirent parts of
their automobile it is well to crank it
up, which means simply starting the
engine and having the arm roll on the
big muscle and the finger nails, which
are the wheels of the car, pretending
that they are making an oval exer-
cise.
The filling station, the ink well,
should of course be visited for a sup-
ply of gas. The child is the driver of
the car and should sit in an erect posi-
tion and be alert at all times in order
to avoid accidents. He should keep
his feet on the levers which are al-
ways in front of and never behind
him.
With the car in good running order,
the driver in good position, with
plenty of gas in the tank, we will now
practice driving down the street,
which is the space between the blue
lines on the paper. Driver should be
careful not to skid across the side-
walks, the blue lines. In driving down
the street, make the wheels go round,
round, round, round, round, (the oval
exercise), trying to make as nice a
looking track as possible. Occasion-
ally stop the car and look back down
the street to see what kind of tracks
you have made; then try again to
make them better.
After the drivers have become used
to their carsand can drive them quite
safely it is a good idea to have an
By W. A. Botts. Guthrie, Okla., Business College.
MJ.^uJ//i^J^^i^iu^i^^ ^
for the purpose of directing the stu-
dent's attention to himself, it is sub-
Constructive Criticism jective or introspective; if it is offered
By V. J. GILLESPIE. Bowling Gr Vniversity, Bo to direct the student's attention to
the accomplished results or the de-
sired results or to the materials nec-
Criticism to be productive of the best re- come difficulties both logically and essary for the accomplishment of the
sults is an art so difficult that some seem in-
capable of acquiring it. A
crab or a haughty practically follow the recognition of
desired results, it is objective. The
egotist may have a highly developed critical those difficulties. For these sugges- first point of view relates to cause,
faculty but in exercising it may make his tions to be useful and effective ,the
pupils "blooming mad" and lose the effect and the second relates to effect.
cause of the difficulties must first be
aimed at. At this point these questions should
Knowing how to criticise seems about equal ascertained and must ever be kept in
A disposition be considered: (1) At the first of the
to knowing what to criticise. mind as the foundation for whatever
to be truly helpful seems as necessary as a course, should criticism be objective
To break up old mental criticism and suggestions that are of-
«oo<} critical ability. or subjective? (2) Which should re-
and physical habits and lead the pupil to fered. These suggestions conform to ceive the greater emphasis throughout
acquire new and better ones is something that another principle or essential in good
requires tact plus. the course ?
study in that they always keep before
Mr. Gillespie in the following paper, which It is obvious that no answer to
he read before the Penmanship Section of the the students definite aims toward
National Commercial Teachers' Federation at
the recent Cincinnati meeting makes a fine
which to work — specific purposes to these questions will apply strictly to
all classes. The particular degree of
analysis of constructive criticism in penman-
accomplish.
attention given to any pha.se of teach-
ship which we feel sure can be read and pon- On the other hand, criticism, to be ing penmanship must be governed by
dered with profit by all teachers of hand- consti-uctive,must be positive; that is,
writing. the needs of different classes and by
Criticism that is constructive helps the attention should be called to fa-
individual differences among students.
vorable results. Students fail to see
to build up habits in writing that are Consequently, we can speak in general
•desirable; it helps the student to grow
not only wherein their work is falling
terms only in attempting to answer
knowledge and skill. No criticism, short of what it should be but also
in these questions.
however brilliant it may be, can be wherein it is improving. They learn
constructive until it is received by the so much more quickly how letters look The most immediate problem pre-
student and is used by him in improv- and how they are made than they can senting itself, the most immediate
acquire the skill to make them that thing to be accomplished, should gov-
ing his knowledge of and skill in pen-
they often become discouraged and ern the point of greatest emphasis.
manship. This means that the teacher
despair of ever learning to write when Surely, then, the teacher should use
must use all his power of tact and
in reality they are progressing excel- good judgment in order to decide ac-
clearness and forcefulness of expres-
lently. When this is true, they should curately what the immediate prob-
sion to get his criticism across to his
individual students. The quicke-st and
be shown wherein they are improving. lems are. The first problems con-
Calling their attention to their prog- fronting the beginner are (1) ner\-ous
most reliable line of communication
ress is giving criticism of a positive and muscular relaxation and (2)
any teacher can use to this end is
nature that is quite as essential as acquisition of the correct habits of
sympathy. He should lose no oppor-
negative criticism. This favorable posture. Since this is true, emphasis
tunity to" bind himself to his individual
students with the everlasting bonds of
comment is encouraging to the stu- should be placed on subjective criti-
dent and prompts him to take new cism in the beginning in order to give
a deep and abiding sympathy. The the student all the help possible in as-
"Priceless Ingredient" not only of
heart at critical periods and to do
more and better work. In construc- suming the correct attitude toward his
•criticism but of all teaching as well
tive criticism a proper balance or work and in making whatever phys-
is sympathetic interest in the student
rhythm is maintained between nega- ical adjustments may be necessary.
and" his problems. This line of com-
munication, when once well estab- tive and positive comment. In other The student should be led by thought-
words, emphasis is placed on com- provoking que.stions and helpful sug-
lished, reduces problems of discipline,
mendation and unfavorable comment gestions to examine himself critically
increases the interets of students in
in proportion to the good and bad re- so that he may quickly discover and
their work, rivets their attention on
sults accomplished in practice. correct any defect in his po.«ture and
the problems at hand, and makes
Again, criticism, to he constructive, so that he may learn at the outset to
teaching a cumulative source of joy
consists in concentrating on one dif- relax his nerves and muscles.
and satisfaction. A sympathetic teach-
ficulty, or two very closely related dif-
er, then, is a prerequisite for constioic- After relaxation and correct posture
tive criticism in penmanship.
ficulties, at a time. By this I mean have been made habitual, emphasis
that a teacher, having called attention
Webster defines criticism, in part, should be shifted to the acquisition of
to a cetrain difficulty and having
as this: "A detailed examination and motor control or the proper coordina-
review especially
: an unfavorable given appropriate suggestions as to tion of mu.scles, nerves, and tendons.
judgment or opinion." Surely a de- how to overcome it, should allow the This means that criticism still should
class ample time for practice before
tailed examination and review will, in be largely subjective because to bring
practically all cases, disclose some taking up other difficulties in like about proper relaxation of muscles
things that are favorable as well as manner. and nen'es, to establi.sh correct habits
some things that are unfavorable. At Then, too, criticism, to be construc-
of posture, to acquire motor control,
least it seems wi.se to take this atti-
tive, must be given with the proper one's attention mu.st be directed to-
tude to penmanship and to broaden point of view. No study can be very ward himself. Therefore, the criti-
the meaning so as to include favor-
effective until this is done. This ap- cism offered at this point must be
plies witli great force to penmanship.
able as well as unfavorable judgment such as will cause a critical self-ex-
and opinion. Since criticism is one of the most es- amination on the part of the student.
sential mental devices used in the
Criticism, to be constructive, mu.st Coupled with this criticism should be
be negative; that is, it must consist teaching of the subject, a correct suggestions of such character as to
point of view should be taken at the
largely of calling the attention to un- give the greatest help to the greatest
This is true be- outset. I emphasize here that it is
favorable results. number of students in overcoming
cause of the psychological fact that not the teacher's mission to set him- whatever undesirable conditions that
with any self up as the sole and only critic of
we cannot deal intelligently self-examination discloses. All the
his students and their work; rather, it
situation until we are conscious of the while as .skill increases, objective
is his mission, through the power of
problems that confront us; and, cer- criticism should increase in somewhat
tainly ,the student of penmanship suggestion, to lead his .students to similar proportion because objective
cannot be aware of the problems con- criticise themselves and their own criticism has to do with perception;
fronting him until he recognizes the work. and .skill and perception go hand in
poor qualities of his work. But we With this in mind there are two hand. As skill is acquired, greater
should not stop here, for criticism, to points in view we may take relative attention can bo given to perception
be constructive, must be suggestive to criticism. It may be either sub- as related to (1) form, (2) distance,
because suggestions as to how to over- jective or objective. If it is offered (3) size, (4) spacing, (5) proportion.
d^ r^J^^uJ/n^d^^^/iu^ii/h- ^
(6) slant, (7) letter combinations, and
(8) word, sentence, paragraph, and
page writing.
To make criticism constructive, ap-
propriate devices and illustrations
must be used. We cannot deal with
this matter of devices and illustrations
in detail and we shall, therefore, have
to speak briefly and in an illustrative
manner merely of a few of the prin-
cipal ones. The art of questioning
is one of the most effective devices
that can be used in teaching penman-
ship. It can be used equally well in
either subjective or objective criticism.
Of course, a teacher has to give a class
a foundation from which to start its A skillful signatv by H. J. Walter, Winnipeg, Ca of Canada's
most skillful penmi
practice. He can do this by general
instnactions, comment, and" illustra-
tions. This having been done, how-
ever, a teacher should begin to ques-
WALTER RASMUSSEN
tion the class as a means of bringing The BUSINESS EDUCATOR is pleased to reproduce the following sketch
the individual student to analyze and and write-up that appeared in the St. Paul Daily News of January 6. Mr.
criticize himself and his own work. Frank Wing is the artist who prepared the drawing.
If a teacher will properly question a We have long since known that in that part of the country the name
class in regard to position, he is likely "Rasmussen" stands for worth-while excellence.
to get a much better response than if In 1890, Walter Rasmussen, proprie-
he goes over a mere list of statements tor of the Rasmussen Practical Busi-
as to what correct posture is. The ness School, passed the entrance ex-
same is true concerning perception. amination to the University of Copen-
Proper questions are more conducive hagen, Denmark; five days after doing
to a prompt and critical self-e.xamina- so he left for the United States, where
tion because they more immediately later he graduated from Valparaiso
and more forcefully call the attention University. After taking further work,
of the class to the problems at hand. of a special nature, at Washington
They also make perception easier and State University, he taught commer-
quicker and are great time savers in cial subjects in Seattle and San Fran-
showing HOW certain drills, exercises, cisco. In 1900 he opened his St. Paul
letters, and combinations are made as school, which now has an annual at-
well as how they appear when prop- tendance of more than 1,000 in day
erly made. and evening classes and has had a
The form of a que.stion has a very total enrollment of more than 15,000
vital bearing on its effectiveness. in its 25 years of existence.
Relative to this point, I am greatly Mr. Rasmussen is a pioneer teacher
indebted to a friend and teacher of of the Gregg system of shorthand and
mine, the veteran penman, Mr. C. C. was its first exponent west of Chi-
Lister, for some very valuable sug- cago. He was formerly president of
gestions. He told me once, always to the Federation of Gregg Shorthand
put last in a question the thing to Teachers, and editor of the Gregg
which I want to call the attention of shorthand department of the Phono-
a class, the thinfj I want to emphasize graphic World, New York. He also is
in the mind of my students. To illus- the author of several commercial text-
trate: Should the be open or closed books. His chief hobby is the educa-
at the top ? Should the sections in tion of his three daughters; after that
m be pointed or round ? Are the come traveling, motoring and reading.
downward strokes in h curved or He is a Rotarian and a member of the
straight ? Athletic Club, the St. Paul Association
But I do not mean by this emphasis and various educational associations.
on the art of questioning that the "Now," said Walter, when he had
teacher should always question and seen his sketch, "we'll see whether
never comment. Questions are Mrs. Rasmussen will recognize it. It
thought-provoking; but they should be is a remarkable wife who recognizes
supplemented by comment and in- her own husband's sketch."
structions and blackboard illustra- Righto, Walter!
tions. The blackboard is an invaluable
device for criticism and illustration.
All these things are very important plements other than a pen, for it is
elements in criticism. There are num- only by patient and intelligent repeti-
erous other devices that can be used tion that the correct writing habits
to advantage, but these are the ai-e established and skill acquired.
essential things that all teachers can To summarize: Constructive crit-
use in the process of criticizing the icism is positive as well as negative;
work of penmanship classes. it is suggestive; it consists in concen-
Finally, criticism, to be constructive, trating on one difficulty at a time; it
may need to be repeated at intervals makes necessary a proper point of
a number of times. Of course, useless view which may be either subjective
repetition is to be avoided ;but the or objective; it necessitates the use
teacher who is afraid to repeat his of appropriate devices the principal
instructions, criticisms, and illustra- of which are the arts of questioning,
tions should seek to can'e out a liv- commenting concisely and emphatic-
ing and a name for himself with im- ally, and blackboard illustration; and Walter Rasmussen
( Continued at foot of next column) it may need to be repeated frequently.

I
^ f^Jf^Btf^n^^^^f/iua/fr^
ANOTHER BRYANT AND who immediately preceded G. A. Gas- He remained there two years and
STRATTON BUSINESS COLLEGE kell, who was principal for some started for himself by purchasing the
CHANGES OWNERSHIP twelve years, 1870—1882. Mr. S. B. Daniels and Downs Private School in
History of commercial education in Stearns was teacher of penmanship Manchester, N. H., moving there and
the U. S. must include mention of the in 1866 —
1867, and is still an active taking possession on June 4, 1900.
work done by the Bryant and Stratton business man of Manchester. In 1882 Always a hard worker, always
Business Colleges. In fact, we be- G. A. Gaskell was succeeded by Wm. standing for a high standard of in-
lieve that for a considerable period Heron, Jr., who remained principal stitution, he has built a name for him-
these institutions almost dominated until 1907. self and his school in his city and state
the field, both in popularity and in Mr. Heron still lives in Manchester, unexcelled in many places, and was
number of schools. but is engaged as teacher in Maiden, the first man in New England to erect
Nowthere are comparatively few Mass., Commercial School. a building especially for his school.
left,most of them having: been ab- In 1907 Mr. Heron sold his interests It was largely through his personal
sorbed by other institutions. The to James W. Brehaut and Ralph W. efforts that the New England Business
work they began is being: carried on, Stevens who had been engaged in pub- College Association was first conceived
but under other names. The last to lic school work in Massachusetts. At and formed, and he was shown the
disappear was the Bryant and Strat- the expiration of a year Mr. Stevens high esteem in which his contempo-
ton Business Collegje of Manchester, withdrew from the firm, returned to raries held him by being elected its
N. H., and on the shoulders of Mr. J. public school work for a time and first president. This association
H. Hesser, the purchaser, has fallen eventually became the owner of the stands unique in teacher's organiza-
the responsibility of continuing the Fitchburg Business College. tions in that no book men or others
work of that school which was begun Mr. Brehaut remained principal with things to sell, are admitted to its
many years ago. eighteen years or until the date first meetings which are held twice yearly.
On the first day of December, 1925, above given, December 1, 1925, when The furniture, fixtures and equip-
the institution changed ownership, it failing in health compelled him to ment of the old Bryant and Stratton
being the last of but two east of Buf- relinquishactive management and School have been disposed of by Mr.
falo. Mr. Hesser is principal and withdraw for a much needed rest. Hesser, the students taken to his own
owner of the Hesser Business College Under his administration the school school, the rooms closed and the name
of Manchester. It was the third of attained the largest attendance it ever dropped from the roster of New Eng-
the month when Mr. Hesser took had. land business colleges.

possession sixty years lacking but The school became famous largely
one day after the enrollment of its because of the spectacular advertising
first student, December 4, 1865. of G. A. Gaskell, who made himself
The old Bryant and Stratton Busi- and it both famous by his "before"
ness College of Manchester, N. H., was and "after" advertising of his compen-
opened on November 29, 1865. Its dium in the Youth's Companion of the
first principal was F. G. Hoyt. The late seventies and early eighties. It
first student was enrolled on December was the training school of the famous
4, and was Charles H. Fisk, aged 14. pen artist, W. E. Dennis, recently de-
The second student to enroll was J. A. ceased, whose birthplace is near Man-
Collins, Middlebury,Vermont, aged 23. chester, and who has relatives still
During the month, the school en-
first living there. Along with Dennis was
rolled twenty-eight ditferents pupils, A. N. Palmer, who became author and
two of them being girls who were the publisher of the Palmer Method of
16th and 17th students to enter. The teaching penmanship, and the incom-
records do not indicate how many of parable Madarasz. It is unnecessary
these were night students. to say much about any of these three
In the "Remarks" column of the men as their names and work are well
Register, opposite the name of the known to practically all business col-
first student we find this notation: lege men of the present generation.
"Discount on all full course schlps. up Among other collateral found in the
to Jan'y first." Quite likely that dis- school rooms was a framed piece of
count had some effect on the mind of specimens of penmanship, all on one
young Fisk, as it appears to have been sheet, showing the wonderful artistic
10%. In this same column we find ability of Dennis, and bearing the in-
from place to place such notations as: scription: "W. E. Dennis, aged 17."
"Takes care of CDllee:e rooms in pay- but no date.
ment for tuition," "Wounded soldier," The purchaser of the school, Mr. J.
"Disabled soldier," "Expelled," and at H. Hesser, is a Western man, born,
another place "Opening of term 20% brought up and educated in Iowa. He
discount." entered the Cedar Rapids Business
In the column for "Previous occupa- College in the fall of 1887, remained
tions," we find that the first had been until the great storm of 1888. The
a student, the second a mill hand, the next November he entered Upper Iowa
third and fourth were soldiers, and University where he paid his way for
others were mechanics, marble work- three years by teaching peimianship.
ers, teachers, farmers, etc. At the end of three years he returned During the 1925 Zanerian Summer
The "Receipts" column .shows that to Cedar Rapids for a few weeks under School, the young men gave an enter-
the tuition received durimr the month Madarasz, and then accepted a situa- taiinnent at the close of which they
of Februrarv, 1867, was .$345.50. For tion in the Nelson Business College, were presented with bou(iuets made up
Mav, 1872, $.53.00, for August, 1881, Cincinnati. of sunflowers, vegetables and other
$55.00, and for September, 1881, After three years in the Nelson grass and weeds. As Mr. Fi-ank A.
$120.00! Such incomes would not Business College and Y. M. C. A., he Krupp, the leader, was leaving the
carry a modern business college very went to Pennsylvania where he taught building .some one snapped the above.
far! country school one winter and then The young lady is Miss Mary E. Burk-
The school was established as one secured an engagement with the Penn- holder, one of the committee who pre-
of the Bryant and Stratton chain, its sylvania Business College of Lancas- sented the bouquets.
first principal being Mr. F. G. Hoyt. ter. He went from this school to the Mr. Krupp is with the Inter-State
Mr. Hoyt was succeeded by D. H. Lilli- Banks Business College, Philadelphia, Business College, Fargo, N. Dakota.
bridge, and then E. F. Brown, who car- where he was the first teacher of Miss Burkholder is traveling super-
ried on the .school until 1868. Mr. bookkeeping and commercial branches visor of writing for the P. 0. Peter-
Brown was followed by W. A. Graham of that now widely known institution. .son Company, Scottdale, Pa.
^ ^:M^^uj^/i^^^^/iu^i/^ ^ 2S

Ornamental Penmanship
By H. L. DARNER. Samson Motor Co., Pittsburgh, Pa.

'T-Z-i^t-O'T'Z^

/ / /

',.<>--?'l^€rZ/'^i'9'7't.£'-f-'l,^^^d<^!-'t^^

—<j;*^<5^^/<sE^^?-z^:z:^;;>;^^^-«;&€:^:^^:^/

mmmmm^
A good lesson in pen technique
^ f^^r^BuJ/zt^ii^iait/fua^r'

Signatures of Penmen and Teachers of Penmanship


Send your signatare written in black ink, or better, a cat of your signature for this page, which will contain plain and fancy aiffnft-
tures of men and women who are devoting their time and efforts to better penmanship.

SOMETHING UNUSUAL
IS COMING
There isa big surprise in store for all interested in the page devoted to signatures. It is too soon to announce
particulars but we predict it will create a great deal of interest. It is something never before attempted in a pen-
manship magazine. Watch this page.

Penmanship and Com'l Teacher, Stockton, Calif.,


High School,

nd Cardwriter of Trafford, Pa. A penman of national reputation,


Kansas City, Mo.
Cardwriter and Flourishcr. Fish Lake Dept.,
Portage, Maine.

New addrcsn. Frost Bldg,


d^ f^/i^^^Uiii/i^d^(^ie/iu^r* ^ 27

An Unusual Business Woman


The following article appeared in the FebruaiT number of the West Vircrinia Review,
it in our columns. The publishers ofTHE BUSINESS EDUCATOR are >vell acquainted
as a commercial school executive and for her good qualities as a
woman. j
many years

»i,
ago and since that» »• u
time we have . i. j i.
watched he
Mrs. Boothe attended the Zanerian College of Penmanship, in Columbus, a good
shoulders of Mrs. Boothe. Her success is bu
'"^Not many years ago no woman would have assumed such responsibilities as now rest on theencouragement to others who aspire to accom
another example of what women can do in the world of affairs, and must give a fine thrill of
pHsh similar results.
ways sending some new boy or
WOMEN occupy positions
trust in the business life of
of
to the school,and later on seeing that
they are placed in business life.
girl

to-day more than ever before. Having girls live in the school dor-
They have made for them.«elves an mitory makes it possible for a closer
enviable record in many instances. spirit of co-operation to be manifest,
There are also women physicians and and when business men in Huntington
lawyers, and not a few of them have want extra stenographers on Satur-
shown remarkable ability in the high- days or evenings Mrs. Boothe is al-
est executive posts. Women have in-
ways able to send a young woman

vaded the realm of politics and daily out to answer the call. There is no
we read of some new venture in friction between the high school and
which they are participating. They
are doing all these things in West
business school for — Mrs. Boothe
never tries to keep a boy or girl from
Mrginia. going to high school, but tries to take
But Mrs. Stella E. Boothe has the care of those who cannot enter there.
distinction of being the only woman
"I think women have their place in
to hold the position as president of a
business," replied Mrs. Boothe in an-
business school in the state of West swer to the question about whether
Virginia. She heads the Stella E. they are efficient and needed. " I do
Boothe Business School at Huntington, believe they can be trained for good
and is thought to be one of the very helpers in business life more than
few women in charge of such work in to be sent out as leaders," she con-
the United States. Her school is also
tinued.
the only one in the State to maintain

dormitory rooms for girls there be- "I have been teaching a long
time, but I find that boys and girls
ing twenty-five young women now^
being housed in the pleasant quarters. —
haven't changed much and girls are
The rooms are spacious and well just as reliatjle and steady to-day as
lighted. ever. In our school we try and instill
Mrs. Stella E. Boothe
Mrs. Boothe has seen her school the idea of attractive dressing, effi-
grow rapidly, until there are now some cient and trustworthy work and the
two hundred and fifty students. Those shall College. Before beginning her highest conception of refinement. I

who are assisting her in the work are teaching she had been to Columbia don't believe in calling down a young
Mrs. E. P. Rous, who teaches short- University specializing in English and woman for her conduct before the
hand, and has been in the institution bookkeeping. Summer work was also other girls. The way to properly re-
for eight years Mrs. Helen Douglas, pursued at the University of Virginia. —
prove her and she will thank you for
it, is to take her off to herself and
:

specialist in English; Mrs. Pearl Leon- Feurt Dement, vice-president of the


ard, shorthand teacher, and Lewis First Huntington National Bank; Guy talk the trouble over," she concluded.
C.
Evans, teacher of typing. Shepherd, cashier of the American One of Mrs. Boothe's students is
This woman business school presi- Bank and Trust company. Huntington, now head of thirty stenographers for
dent has taught bookkeeping for have been former students, under the the Peaslee-Gaulbert Paint Co., of

twenty-five years and has taught two supervision of Mrs. Boothe. There Louisville, Ky. Yet she can take 120
words a minute in shorthand and type
more years besides, doing her first are scores of other successful bankers
work with primary children in the throughout the State who have had sixty-five words in the same length
Masonic Orphanage at Louisville, Ky. their training under her. One reason of "time. Following the war the
She taught in Louisville for seven for the steady growth of the school in United States Government authorities
years, and then came to Huntington. enrollment is because former students sent her over the nation as an inspira-
She also has been a teacher at Mar- holding responsible positions are al- tion to disabled war veterans.

Rene Guillard of Ev HI , wrote the above


28 ^ f^Jf3^UJ/n£^<^<(i£[U:ii^^ ^
DESIGNING &
A Letter to Teachers of All Grades ENGROSSING
BROWN E. L,
By JNO. O. PETERSON. Supe of Writing, Ta Rockliad. Mc.
Send self-addressed postal for cr
stamps for return of speci
LEFT-HANDED WRITING checking up discloses the fact that
No penmanship question is so sure
they are considered the best practice. We present for your attention an
The following quotation is from a effective style ofpen work especially
to arouse discussion among a group bulletin issued to our teachers on adapted for commercial designs where
of teachers as that of' left-handed January 4, 1915. strength and contrast
writing. Nearly every one considers "Left-Handed Pupils: According to Drawing and are most desirable.
the census taken last spring there Development. First draw very care-
himself qualified to speak on this topic
because of one or more cases of left- are in the Tacoma schools 435 left- fully in pencil
free hand excepting shield which must
all—
handed pupils. Of these, 230 write
handedness which he has known. with their right hand but are other- be outlined with dividers. The sides
Those who seem to take the least part wise left-handed. Among these 230, and top of shield are parts or seg-
the teachers i-eport 59 cases where ments of a circle. See diagram.
in the discussion are the left-handed
pupils have a slight difficulty in
Place point of dividers as indicated by
writers themselves. arrow heads, and outline shield. The
the speech functions. Most of these
Recently, in a third grade room
cases were reported in the inter-
remainder of design will admit of
there were found five left-handed free hand drawing. If you cannot
mediate grades. Some 44 teachers
pupils, all writing with the left hand.
report a noticeable difference in the
draw the design without considerable
Four of them had gotten a wrong school work of the left-handed and
erasing it would be better to make the
start. Evidently, no distinction had design on another sheet and trace it
right-handed pupils. The differ-
been made in their instructions when by adding pencil smut to the reverse
ences were so diverse that no def-
they started writing with pencil and side and retracing with a hard pencil.
inite conclusion can be drawn.
paper; for, though they wrote with
All penmanship specialists recom-
The lion rampant is the most dif-
their left hands, they held their papers ficult part of this design ami will
mend that left-handed pupils be require most careful attention. Notice
precisely as did the right-handed taught to write with the right hand.
pupils. This, of course, forced them very carefully the position of lion in
Educators differ from this opinion
to twist their hands around, point shield and aim for action, that is, the
sometimes, and psychologists do not
their pens toward themselves, and lion should be ferocious and defiant if
all agree. Most of them agree, how-
write in an awkward position using your design is most effective.
ever, that the left-handed writer is
a most peculiar wrist and finger The ribbon is interesting and must
hindered in almost any occupation
movement. be drawn very accurately in pencil,
which requires written work. They
It is because we still find such cases
first that part at right of center line,
are also agreed that if a change is
of failure to teach the left-handed then trace reverse paper and place in
to be made, it should be made early
pupils as carefully as we teach the position for left hand siile.
in the pupil's school life, or he
rie-ht-handed pupils that the question India ink, a good quality of bristol
should be left alone until he reaches
of left-handedness remains a live one board, number 5 lettering pen and
the grammar grades. some coarse and fine pens will do for
for di.scussion. It cannot Ije settled The supervisor recommends that a
by any single rule. Each case must an outfit, but a drawing board, T-
conscientious effort be made to have
be decided on its own merits. Even square, dividers and a ruling pen are
all left-handed IB pupils begin highly necessary and should really be
when we do this, there are a number writing with the right hand. 90 per
of border-line cases that seem to defy included in your outfit.
cent of such pupils can readily be Before you start inking the design
any kind of permanent disposition. changed in this grade if watched lay off six or seven circles and practice
Afourth grade teacher told recent- carefully at the start. In the inter- on the tinting. Study arrangement,
ly of a visit from a parent of one of mediate grades, no effort should be direction and ([uality of lines used for
her pupils. This pupil had been made to change left-handed pupils the various tone values.
started to write with the right hand who have come through the first Outline lion with heavy line follow-
during his first .school year. In the grades writing with the left hand. ing with outline of shield which should
first half of the second year he had In the grammar grades, it is recom- be made with dividers according to the
been allowed to write with his left mended that such pupils as wish to dia'j:ram shown at top of design. Next
hand. Under another teacher in the make the change of their own free with a Number 5 lettering pen, put in
second half of that year he had been will, be encouraged to do so. the deepest tones of the background
required to write with his right hand. There are perhaps a dozen cases in with vertical lines leaving spaces for
During his third year, he had written the Tacoma schools where left- the riffs or lighter tones. Use a fine
with his left hand again, and now, at handed pupils hold the tablet in the pen for the riffs, running the lines
the beginning of the fourth year, his same position as the right-handed diagonally across shield. Follow same
teacher had tried to get him to write pupils, and write upside down. This general plan in treating the ribbon,
with his right hand. This had brought habit should be changed immediate- representing highest lights by fine
a visit from the parent who wanted ly either by turning the tablet so broken and openly spaced linos and
to know when this thing was going that it bears the same relation to heavy closely spaced lines for deepest
to be settled. The boy has a slight the left arm as it iloes to the right tones, varying direction here and there
speech impediment. As the rather in- arm in ordinary cases, or by chang- to produce a vibratory effect in the
telligent parent expressed it: "Every ing the pupil from a left-handed to result. The beveled border of shield
time he changes mu.scles, his brain a right-handed writer." is obtained by the use of fine lines
changes, too." There is one thing more to be added uniformly spacetl and of varying dir-
Now, is an unusual case, but
this at this time: teachers should check ections. Study your color values most
it the question:
raises "Are there through with the preceding teachers critically. Biiild up the lines where
not other similar cases that never all cases of left-handedness, and the darkest tones appear and some-
come to light?" should follow through such cases with times Chinese white is used in soften-
Careful observance by all teachers succeeding teachers. Difficult border- ing or blending tone values especially
of definitely laid down principles line cases should be discussed with the in the high lights. Mix the white to
would have prevented this situation. parents in the presence of the prin- flow freelv, use a clean pen, and cross
These principles were the result of cipal. Exceptional ca.ses might well hatch the black lines. No white paper
an investigation conducted by the be called to the attention of the super- is used on the copy, however. Send
supervieor ten years ago. Careful visor or the school physician. us some of your work for critici.sm.
^ .^Jr^UJl>teU^<^^/iu^l/^ ^ 29

(See instructions on page 28)


30 ^ f^Jr^iiJ//ieli^(^^i^iU^l^^
Mr. Lawrence J. Kaas, of White-
water, Wis., is teaching in the Metro-
politan Business College, Chicago.

H\NOWRITING SPECIALIST
High grade Diplomas. Cerlificates made or
fillad at reasanable prices. Special offer SI. 00
for 3 doz. appropriate cards to accompany
graduation invitation-^.

176) Noble Rd. CLEVELAND. O.

LEARN ENGROSSING
in your spare time at home.
Thirty Lesson Plates and
Printed Instructions mailed
to any address on receipt of
two dollars. Cash or P. O.
Money Order.
P. W. COSTELLO
Engrosser, Illuminator and
Designer
This dainty, attractive flourish ade by L. Madar Scranton Real Estate Bldg.
SCRANTON. PA.
LEARN DIPLOMA-ENGROSSING BY MAIL
Vntmrralleled l.imiled Offer!
Complete Ill-lesson course. $5. Enroll to-day
PENMANSHIP BY MAIL
Thorough course in Business riting by
YOUNG ENGROSSER GLARhNCE C.
Bo«
FRENCH,
7U4.
(Parisian Prolesior)
Saugatuck, Michigan
graduate of the "Mills School.' Pen- writ ten and penman wanteil to perfect himself
copies, tyije written instructions. ed-ink criti- and take care of Studio.
See style in this Busine Educator.
cisms.
J. J. BAILEY Address THE DE FELICE STUDIO. Teachers and Students
74 Barton Ave. TORONTO, ONT. 132 Nassau St., New York City, N. Y. "Penmanship Made Easy" is for you A veri- I

table storehouse of i)ractical teaching sugges-


tions that are proving wonderfully successful,

The WEST and ALASKA


A short cut to supreme satisfaction. 75c per
copy. H. M. HILL. Supervisor of Writing.
Bo S. C.
recistrations last year.

E. L. HUFF TEACHERS AGENCY MISSOULA. MONTANA "HOW TO SELL"



The Money Makers' Magazine "The Main En-
trance to Successful Selling." Tells how. when
and what to sell. Puts you in touch with fast-
AN ART SUPPLEMENT (Fourteen by Twenty Inches) est selling lines and hundreds of reliable manu-

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Giving actual size patterns for cut-outs and illustrated experience. Famous contributors "brasi ;

tacks" departments interviews with successful


directions for construction problems, comes with
;

men and women. $1.00 a year. Special com-


THE SOUTHERN SCHOOL JOURNAL, bination price with "The Business Educator"
both for $1.50. Sample copy free.
NEWPORT. KY.
MOUNT MORRIS.
HOW TO SELL
Dept. B.E, ILLINOIS.
Beginning with January, 1926.
(Send for sample copy.)
Mailing Lists

many penholders on the market; but the MAGNUSSON


PROFES-
is the only penholder that has won its reputation on its own merit for
SIONAL
ental writing. The thin stem which is so desirable cannot be made suc-
cessfutly with ai automatic lathe, therefore they are HAND MADEof selected rosewood. (Look
for the brand), The A. "Maenusson Professional" hand turned holders are adjusted especially
for penmanship, 8 inch plain, each 35c; 8 inch inlaid, 75c; 12 inch plain, 76c; 12 inch
inlaid, $1.35.

A. MAGNUSSON, 208 N. 5th STREET, QUINCY, ILL.


DIPLOMAS
A PROFITABLE VOCATION Forms
ONE OR A THOUSAND
for all departments produceci
Learn to letter Price Tickets and Show Cards. It is CLEAN CUT LET-
easy to do RAPID. by every process to meet your require-
TERING with our improved I>etterinB Pens. MANY STUDENTS ARE ENABLED TO CON- ments.
TINUE THEIR STUDIES THROUGH THE COMPENSATION RECEIVED BY LETTERING
PRICE TICKETS AND SHOW CARDS, FOR THE SMALLER MERCHANT. OUTSIDE OF Samples and estimate sent on re-
SCHOOL HOURS. Practical lettering outfit consisting of 3 Marking and 3 Shading Pens, 1

color of Ixrttering Ink. sample Show Card in colors, instructions, figures and alphabcti
((uest. You must tell us the quantity
prepaid
prepa . 00
Jl PRACTICAL COMPENDIUM OF COMMERCIAL PEN LETTER- as it governs the pro-rata cost. Our
^^^^ ^^^ DESIGNS 100 Page« 8x11, contain-
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50 years' experience may be of help
finished Show Cards in colors, etc. —
a complete to you.
instructor for the Marking and Shading Pen,
prepaid. One Dollar.
Dcpt. B PONTIAC. MICH.. U. S. A. AMES & ROLLINSON
206 Broadway NEW YORK CITY.
^ f^i^f^uJ/zi^d^^^/iu^a/h^ ^ 31

FOR SALE CHEAP DOCUMENTARY EVIDENCE


A business coUepe with 18 years' pood will
back of for less than one year's receipts.
it ,,,} ''S™ always been grateful for the assistance you gave me \
A small payment down, balance from receipts. 1916. Your counsel and advice did much to give me the
tial to whatever success
may have had since that time.
I
Address BOX o8S. Care The B J"^^ .
Educa'or, Columbus, Ohi. M„'i"''"T."'
Note Perhaps it ,, ^

is Mr. Cochran's modesty which keeps
,
HARRY A. COCHRAN.
now live times what it was when he first enrolled with him from saying that his salary is
this office. He is Director of the
School of Commerce of Temple University, Philadelphia, the great
institution founded by
that prince of platform speakers, the late Dr. Russell H. Conwell, who made -Acres of
Diamonds famous. This Agency began by placing its first candidate in Temple University
in February. 1904. We should be glad to help you as we helped Mr. Cochran. May we?
THE NATIONAL COMMERCIAL TEACHERS AGENCY
Engrossing Position WANTED (A .Specialty hy a Specialist)
E. E. Gaylord, Mgr. Prospect Hill, Beverlv, Mass.
Have had 18 vsar s' experience in larEe
studios
engrossing
E. DennU.
of the
An
East
1 a
Can do all kind of
nephew of the late W. TEACHERS WE PLACE YOU %S^sitions'"
POSITIONS
Established 1906 elled Service
^g oil nly Normal and College Graduates
H E. MILES BRANCH OFFICES:
20 Wilcox BIdg PROVIDENCE, R. I. RPC/(r/^rr£ACH£RS Portland. Ore. Minneapolis, Minn. Kansas City, Mt,

410 U.S.Nat. Bank Bldc. Denver. Colo. N.W. Baik lldg. LomBtr Eichaige lliltgBK;.

rendered by THE OHIO TEACHERS


TO TOUCH TYPEWRITING
Professional Service bV/rea _JREAU
;

in finding for trained and experienced


teachers or those just out of college or normal school the kind of positions desired. Our calls
VIA GUIDE KEY CROWNS, come direct from school officials and we recommend direct. Write for bookie' a' on'e. We
operate in every State.
THE FAR BETTER WAY
The Ohio Teacher's Bureau, 71 East State Street, Columbus, Ohio
M. SCOUGALE, Weatherford, Texas

ALBERT TEACHERS' AGENCY


i E. Jackson Blvd., Chicago, HI, Symes Bide,. Denrer, Colo.
FOR SALE— Business School in good territory. 17 Fifth Ave., New York City. Peyton BIdg., Spokane. Wuh.
New equipment. No competition. Price Forty-First year. We have secured PROMOTION for many thousands
$5500.00. Address Box 586, care The Business of teachers. A large percentage of these were men and women in
Educator. Columbus, Ohio. COMMERCIAL BRANCHES. We need well prepared teachers for good
positions in high grade schools. Our booklet contains a message for
FOR SALE- On account of death of
you. Send for it.
college in Middle West. Attractive price little ;

competition. Address Box 585, care The Busi-


ness Educator, Columbus, Ohio.
POSITIONS FOR TEACHERS-
WANTED BUSINESS COLLEGES FOR SALE
aries. choice positions beginning and experienced teachers wanted,
Penmen and all students of Penmanship to tr>' ree literature state c ualifications briefly.
; Money making business
Meub's Professional Oblique Penholder.
guarantee you will do better penmanship, be-
I Write for partii ulars no charge.
COLE.

. Sec'y.
cause I adjust each holder to make true, clear-
cut shades. Made of the finest imported woods, CO-OPERATIVE INSTRUCTORS ASS'N, 41 Cole Bldg., MARION, IND.
and inlaid with Parisian Ivory. The cost is
$1.50 and you may pay the postman.
Your money back if not satisfied.
A. P. MEUB, Expert Penman
J365 Mar Vista Ave. Pasadena, California
Commercial Teachers Placed By Us In
Twenty-nine States This Season!
During the past several months we have sent commercial teachers to 29 dif-
ferent states —
16 to New Jersey; 17 to North Carolina; 16 to Pennsylvania;
8 to Mississippi: 15 to West Virginia; 10 to Kentucky; 7 to Florida; 11 to
Virginia ; 7 to South Carolina, etc. Second semester high school openings
will be coming in soon. We have good business college vacancies on file now.
If you are interested in a commercial teaching position, write us for an en-
rollment blank.

CONTINENTAL TEACHER S' AGENCY


BOWLING GREEN, KENTUCKY.

GET THIS SERVICE more than fifty magazines, Space in


methods, and contact with direct
15,000 members, keeps us in touch with leading schools and
colleges. Commercial teachers are in demand. If on our list,
POLK'S REFERENCE BOOK you won't miss the good openings. Write for details.
FOR DIRECT MAIL ADVERTISERS
Shows how to Increase your business by
the use of Direct Mail Advertising. 60 paces
full of vital business facts and figures. Who,
where and how many prospects you have.
Over 8.000 lines of business covered.
Write for your FREE copy. Specialists' Educational Bureau
R. L. POLK & CO., Detroit, Mich.
307 POLK BUILDING Robert A. Grant, President, Odeon Bldg., St. Louis, Mo.
Branthei in principal cities of U. S.
To John Fuzpairick
PRI SIDKM" ClllCACO I'KDKKVI ION 01 LaHOK

\lC.lt\ tl>c un.iiiiiiuni':' rc-clcctiv>n .iiufiiii't.ill.ition ot

])ohn I'RtHpatrick
llv cnt>\ihu; vc.ir Jii.iil;-.' Imv en tiMiicc upon the .iWCUtlCtI'*
Vc.ir oF t'Orvicc in tiMriniivrhut .iiui ivt'ponC'iUc ofHcc; .nui

,.. rCl'C.li?, i^nrini* .ill the vcui' ol Nit' Icicle lolt'ip no niapt-ku"
_^vL Kvn too cold nor .niv d.iv too hot or .niv t.ivil; too liilficult
for Wxm ^vhcncvcv .\n om"»ortiinitv cvii'tcd to render t-erviee to
^M .niv .iFFili.ited Union or oroup ol workerf' needing lvl|\- ni.niv of
our Lv.ll Union*.' h.ive eoiiie nito evii«tenee kv-uu^e ol l>ii' onvniiiiiiy
yennit?, .nidit w.iii Itit^ etfortv' tlvit vcv-iilted in tlv orc;.nn:iny ct'
tlv ^toel; V.n'dc' .md tlv bteel.iPilk-: hk- inteiiritv. ^inceritv. K-.n-let-e-
neC'S .nul .lUlitv i^ known to botp triendo' .nid toe? ot onr l.it'or
moAvnient^ .nul .1? .1 rec-ullT Iv i-.- ret'peeted. Ivnored^ .nid Ivloved ni
iL.ibore r.nil;^ tino;u"J''Oiit tlv n.itiou: tlvrcl"orc be it"

CtHMVCu. th.it we. tlv delcy.iteo oF tlvdhiayo'.'Krdcr.itiou


oF ll.lbov. ni rciUiLir nicetini.; .i^oeniHed. while rrev^enh
iny i'liisht"^ ni.iteri.il token. i\c nerebv teniiei" to
.1

PrC'3iiicnt ||ohl\jRt2fM trick om- deep e;r.ititiide


^^ ^
For cvrvieeC' rendered: our ci'teeni .nid .itteetiou Ive.nuv
oF hie. pereon.il i]ii.ilitiei-. together >vin> onr nuvt f'ineere heot wu-lvc-
th.it he .ind hi? t.nnilv ni.iv enjov ni.inv. m.inv ve.ii? oF he.ilth .md

h.unMnec-t>.- .nid he it turtl^er

Ci30lVCCl. th.it .1 corv of llvve resolution? heC'uit.ihh' enyro??cd.


Fr.nned .ma delivered to hi? home.
L lUnimOllijlv .idorled i.nnid.iv.*ino\vnikr l?r. {<?:?.

^^'%^i
a^./^^.^^

The above resolution wiu e Sluflin. 1103 Maniui'tle BIiIk.. Chicaxo. Mr. Harris states thai
it rcpreaenis at $500.00 pi< liiialrft. Thi> miniature was done b.v hand and is a very Kfiod
'

f^i^f^uJ//i^ii^^i(/iua/h^ ^
BOOK REVIEWS The Private Secretary (Revised Edi-
tion), by Edward Jones KildufT.
Our readers are interested in bool<8 of merit, Published by the Century Co., New- HIGH GRADE
but especially in books of interest and value York City, N. Y. Cloth cover, 387
to commercial teachers, including books of
ipecial educational value and books on busi-
ness subjects. All such books will be briefly
pages.
A complete, detailed description and ex-
Diplomas^-
reviewed in these columns, the object being to position of the duties of the private secretary,
arive sufficient description of each to enable
our readers to determine its value.
together with a general discussion on the char-
acteristics of the private secretary and how
CERflPieyVTES.
they may be developed. This book gives the
first complete instruction in the duties per-
Synopses of English Classics, by C. formed by the high-grade private secretary.
Beare, M, A. Be.s.sev, M. F. Brooks, An indispensable \vork both for the employer, Catalog and Samples Free
H. H. Crandell, T. F. Cusack, T. L. whom it aids in defining clearly his require-
Doyle, H. E. Harding-, A. A. May,
ments, and for the employee, whom it aids HOWARD & BROWN
in meeting those requirements. ROCKLAND. MAINE.
K. M. Monro, R. L. Noonan, H. M,
Roth, B. J. R. Stolper, M. C. Wei- Individual Number Drills, bv James
rich, M. E. Wilmot, A. M. Work.s, E. McDade, Principal of the Went-
and E. C. Younghem, all in New worth School, Chicago. Published by
York City High Schools. Published the Plymouth Press, Chicago, 111.
by the Globe Book Company, New These lessons are intended to take the place
York. Cloth cover, 166 pages. of class drill in teaching children the number BEST MADE ?» -"i- ,5"p
lasted. $1.50
-<=«
wit
combinations. They represent a systematic
With the market so crowded with editions attempt to put in the individual pupil's hands
of the Classics,
the publishers of these the means of attacking the task part by part,
Synopses would have hesitated to bring forth of measuring his own progress hour by hout
this book, were there not a universal demand and day by day, of living in the atmosphere
among teachers and students for just such ex- of success even if he is a "slow" pupil, of
position as is here presented. Editors of seeing his achievement become cumulative, of
woiks studied in high schools are apt to for- using daily his acquired power so that noth-
Ket that their explanations are meant to help ing is left unreviewed, and finally of arriving
the inexperienced reader. For this reason the at a well-defined goal with the thrill of having
usual school editions have been of slight help done it himself.
to the student.
The high school teachers who have pre-
pared these Synopses have had years of ex-
perience with the mind that is confronted with LEARN AT HOME DURING SPARE TIMK
a great literary work for the first time. They Write for book. "How to Become a Good Pen-
have prepared their material so as to make it man," and beautiful specimens. Free. Your
p'issible for the student, if necessary, to pur-
name on card you enclose stamp.
if F. W.
sue his work independently, whether his aim TAMBLYN. 406 Ridge Bldg.. Kansas City. Ma.
be the preparation for an examination or the
furthering of his general culture. /' // /
Investigation of Business Problems,
by J. Eigelberner. Published by A.
W. Shaw Company, Chicago," 111.
Flexible binding, 335 pages.
In the
preparation of this procedure, two
distinct purposes have been in mind. First AN ORNAMENTAL STYLE. My course in
there the fundamental intent to present a
is Ornamental Penmanship has helped hundred*
thorough analysis of the subject, one that is become PROFESSIONALS. Send for proof.
sound both from a standpoint of theory and Your name on cards, (six styles) if you send
practice. But back of the foregoing, and inc. A. P. MEUB. Expert Penman. 2365 Mar
assuming primary importance at all times, is Vista Ave., Pasadena, Gal.
the purpose of developing a practical train-
ing in the art of investigation which will be
of equal value to the business executive and HAVE YOU SEEN THE
to the research worker, both in the analysis
and the solution of their problems. r/ '
JOURNAL OF COMMERCIAL
The table of contents is as follows: The
Field
Procedure,
of
Investigation. The Investigational
The Qualifications of the Investi-
EDUCATION?
(formerly the Stenographer &
gator, The Preliminary Analysis. The Proper PhonoBraphic World)
Mental Attitude, Methods of Collecting the
A monthly magazine covering all depart-
Facts. Personal Observation and Experiment,
Bibliographical Research. Interxiews. Ques-
> 7//Y //r/ryrw/r ments of Commercial Education.
Strong departments presided over by well-
tionnaires, The Nature of Thinking. Definition
and Classification. Testing and Interpretation.
known teachers for those who teach any
branch of commercial education, including
Tabulation and Presentation. Suggestion and business administration, accountancy, and
Inference, Developing the Conclusion. Estab-
court reporting.
lishing the Conclusion, Preparing the Report,
THE ONLY MAGAZINE OF ITS
KIND PUBLISHED
1600 Drill Exercises Corrective
in Single copy 15c. Annual sabscription $1.60
English, bv O. M. Hanna, Instruc- Send for Sample Copy.
tor of English, River Falls State JOURNAL OF COMMERCIAL EDUCATION
Normal School, River Falls, Wiscon- 44 N. 4lh St. PHILADELPHIA. PA.
.sin, and Joseph S. Taylor. PhD.,
District Superintendent of the New
York Citv Schools. Published by
Noble and Noble. 76 Fifth Avenue, THE AMERICAN PENMAN
New Y'ork. Cloth cover, 72 pages. 'J '
America's Handwriting Magaz ine
Some of the features of this book are: Drill Devoted to Penmanship and Gomtnercial
to correct all the common
errors that are EdDcalion
mentioned in the latest English syllabus for Contains Lessons in
the New York City Public Schools, and in
addition those forms which have been found Business Writing
by scientific testing are used incorrectly most Accounting
fre<iuently by school children throughout the Ornamental Writing
United States. Simple but complete statement Lettering
of all necessary grammatical rules. Many re- Engrossing
\iew exercises. Drill for correcting common Articles on the Teaching and
mistakes in the Children's Oral English, as Supervision of Penmanship.
well as common mistakes in their written
comjiositions. Space left for supplying sen-
tences for extra drill in particular or idiomatic
y Yearly subscription price J1.25. Special
club rates to schools and t«achers. Sample
copies sent on request.
usage. Principal parts of irregular verbs. All
exercises are simply worded. Correlates with The first part of this masterful alphabet, by
THE AMERICAN PENMAN |

any other English book or grammar, or can L. L. Fields of the Kassel Studio, appeared 55 Fifth Avenue NEW YORK
be used indejiendently. in the March Issue.
^ f^^^r^uJ/'/t^U/(^^/iuv[^r' ^
The B. E. for February arrived
yesterday. There is no publication
that I receive which gives me more
pleasure than my monthly copy of
your splendid journal.
Some of the features that you
have introduced are excsedinely val-
uable and interesting, especially the
re-publication of the works by the
"Old Time Penmen."
Many of the younger generation
have not had the pleasure of seeing
Summer School for Commercial Teachers
the works that you are now publish- Fourteenth Annual Session Thr,_.e Months in Lensrth

ing, and I am sure it must be a de- BEGINS JUNE FIRST; ENDS AUGUST FOURTEENTH
lightful surprise to many of them to Full schedu'.e of college rank. Twelve college hours offered. Student may start each year
see the "famous letters" you are print- vhere he left off last, leads to graduation. Graduatii certification
most states.
ing each month. Another good feat-
Last five weeks term highly professional.
ure is the page of penmen's signatures,
During this term student may earn twelve hours and get professional tone, recreation
the pages of business writing, by Mr. and pleasure. He may also get a good position if he has none or a better position if he
Lister are also simply wondei'ful. is dissatisfied with the one he has.
The lettering by Mr. Baird is also Thirty-one states represented here last summer. Offering the best this year we have
very magnificent, and the illustrations ever given. Accredited by University of Kentucky. Rates reasonable.
of some of the illuminated addresses Ask for full information including salai-y list.
is beyond praise.

H. WALTER,
COLLEGE OF COMMERCE
J. of the
Winnipeg, Can.
BOWLING GREEN BUSINESS UNIVERSITY,
Near Mammoth Cave HOWLING GREEN, KY.
CLUB THE B. E.

lolook bad; iipoii i>uli| fullij aiToinplii;Iu\)b).ilo


^
'Mi| ^ono, rouiiticii At pn'ii (Tniilu'ti, it; rll^^^tll• u£^tuil cv-^

1 thcbusuwuiul iiFLltii|_bijtViij iictiuitij.i


tori: 4iyifPiJ^i<7fi vipjiippii */itisfaction,i'i'ca ivnqmtiilcitioii XS'
ijiuri^tjjhffMj^rasJfwivjitwilaicj? noiu l^n^ then acainV\VML
aiiik ll\'hiijBi'cn ihc piatitijinf;) pli^ji^rc of thi' n.iiiiuq^riiiiti^|.\iiltt'i'>
P.JgmiXfurninqiK'ii>c oi; he SiOifWm the manti oii> uork'Siliitiwol-iibiiin)
i'ti'ssiuiuinfti>:^iaMiiiVi;Iitt'.lii; hirfiliucii u uwrot- iPi'Ilniqli ivosclcft."- odipitu
'
'

to ilic iiinumcRiplc. tar nMdiinq.eivrimri'itaiitja " ' micyA'ni-'iii ru'blcm^pcitainitiijto thejBciicuoli'nr


\am") J^'otcvtiiic 9ri)iT of tflk?,- hi ijVIitt"iii in
\SS\3, hi? iiirliiciia' dimmiiiiiiliig.
aimmiiiilfiiiJ. oiiXhis ucaiju-
plishmcat one that not o.imi retlecttf enittiM™ Jpon^WmfcIf Init mill, tfirouqli luTiiro uojiv, bcc
fstwnahj cinD inspirinqlij tcit thruuqhciiit^tW
i»^Tr\tliereas, th'is «ran{l ro&qeCessio, ilis ritf i'i.vtictli iii\irot"it»oiiL'iitliil..^uav:-*t'ui cmis
1 prosperoni" exustencc.onJiiince this hot I this Oivosiim uiitntvfscs the eouelui-loiiol-the t-cr-_
_ll)iiY;i oFtiie.S).ilcii&iJ ^Ik uiho a£ ourli^ Fuiifi oiirbrofherhaSiio uiisclq iiirivtcJtheiitlair:-. ot"*
1^ this qrt'ot friiti-niiil oriiaiiijcilion forthe qearnour Oiiii);
,. Hheivtoie,
.^ ..
.,, bi; i^l
.. ^_
l*S^K PSOlUCu, Ahat the#ranJj|o>qe takes this, opporfimitii oFrcioJnisinui tornuillqandunlhl

I
^•^iJtitftJi.-tion Hie oiitstanJiuq j?eruiee mhieh has Iveii reiuVra'> the-# >eibq the^ aV

tS on5
f onoroblef ohii 6 Jrice o^
e,»;teiiX^ to hiin.in thciiameofmore than $00i)00 patriolie men its heartiest eonqrotiilation* au^ sincer
f mn&.SxQircti f ulci^
asfuranecs ot appredation tor his enSurinq eontribulum to the upbiiih^iiiq of lhe#riier the lurthoraiia' ot'its
tft
euerq mlerest anS the Dromotinn of a tme anb'inspirina spiritof tnie fmtemcihsm soTiappilu art•amplishc^ bq
I

,J'«"n'"nn^''3''ecsanJ the fharmoFhieeyaqinqrerj;onatItq;ani> of e.mcssinqthc heartfelt iiiish that euerq blessing of


V ''i >Pr^'f>i."!'J''"^^H'-"'^'
^^ "'"^ gttemniifii.jnO those dearest to him.oslfc rehirns to the ueualadiuitics oPfiis
I
ytr
"
.
'.^ .^ ^^^^''**JBL.fl[B^JlW^^,(Jihat af. a tangible tokenofitsapprivia-
tton anobest mislirs tor oil tuture qears. ihcjtooro of ^fmn J Jnistees are herebu c>iredei> anft anlhnnifi) to se
.,. ..ri
10 present to
tlretiin&presenl toKrotherJJrift a tittinqtesninoniiil
j|rotherJJrirt- a't'ittmq tesKmoniiil iplndi
inhii' iqnill
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i>au'", Oiilii nnii i(V.\">


^ 3^i^^^uJ//t^M^£^/iu^i/^ ^ w
CARDWRITERS' SUPPLIES
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306 Boyle Ave.. NEW CASTLE. PA.
oJpecial anen6on given
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Dictionary fo; Engravers i

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Universities, Colleges, and Nor- and Case Midget size 2oc. letters separate 10c. tree of tuition.
mal Schools give their hearty E. L. BLVSTO.\E. Penman. Tratford. Pa.
Apply, Carnegie College, Rogers, Ohio.
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WESTERN CANADA'S MASTER PENMAN


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have selected Webster's New In-
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ternational. Canada ._
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The Schoolbooks of the Country proof signature of your name „ .20
adhere to the Merriam-Webster 3 dozen Visiting Cards 1.00
Samples of Penvrork _ 20
system of diacritical marks. No Free Specimens

The Government Printing Office


at Washington uses it as
authority.
EDWARD C. MILLS
Script Specialists
p. O. Drawer 982 ROCHESTER, N. Y.
The finest script for Bookkeeping Illus-
G. & C. Merriam trations, etc., copy for which is prepared
No. 601 E. F. Magnum Quill Pen
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PENMANSHIP SUPPLIES
Prices subject to change without notice. Cash should accompany all orders.
All goods go postpaid except those listed to go by express, you to pay express charges. Of
course, when cheaper, goods listed to go by express will be sent by parcel post, if you pay
charges.

PENS PAPERS
Zanerian Fine Writer Pen iVo. 1. Zanerian 5 lb Paper (wide and narrow role):
1 gr 51.75 Vi gr % .50 1 doz % .20 1 pkg. of 240 sheets by express $1.60
Zanerian Ideal Pen No. 2, Zanerian Medial
Zanerian 6 lb Paper (wide and narrow rule):
Pen No. 3, Zanerian Standard Pen No. 4,
1 pkg. of 240 sheets by express $2.00
Zanerian Falcon Pen No. 5, Zanerian Busi-
ness Pen No. 6. Zanerian 7 tb Paper (wide rule):
1 gr $1.25 V* gr $ .40 1 doz % .15 1 pkg. of 240 sheets by express $2.25
Special prices in quantities. We also handle Zanerian Azure (Blue) Paper:
Gillott's, Hunt's, Spenserian and Esterbrook's 1 pkg. of 240 sheets by express $2.00 .,

pens. Write for prices. Zaner Method No. 9 Paper (% in. rule. 8:il0'/j)
Broad Pointed Lettering Pens. 1 pkg. of 500 sheets, not prepaid $ .85
1 Complete set (12 pens) $0.35 100 sheets by mail postpaid 50
Vi doz. single pointed pens 15 Zaner Method No. 15 Paper (^a in. rule,
% doz. double pointed pens 30 8x10 i/i):
1 doz. single pointed, any No .26
1 pkg. of 500 sheets, not prepaid $1.60
1 doz. double pointed, any No 60
PEN HOLDERS INKS
Zanerian Fine Art Oblique Holder, Rosewood: Zanerian India Ink:
11% inches $1.25 8 inches $1.00 1 bottle $ .40 1 doz. bottles express....$4.00
Zanerian Fine Art Straight Holder, 8 inches..$1.00 1 bottle Zanerian Gold Ink .25

Zanerian Oblique Holder, Rosewood: 1 bottle Zanerian White Ink 80


11% inches $ .75 8 inches .65 Arnold's Japan Ink:
Zanerian Expert Oblique Holder, IVi inches: 1 bottle, 4 oz. postpaid $ .50
1 only $ .20 1 doz $1.25 Vi gr $6.50 1 pint by express 76
Vz doz 75 Vi gr 3.50 1 gr 12.00 1 quart by express 1.16

Excelsior Oblique Holder, 6 inches: Zanerian Ink Powder:


1 quart package $ .30
1 only $ .15 1 doz $1.20 % gr $5.50
% doz 70 % gr 3.00 1 gr 10.00 6 packages or more, per pkg., net .22%
Zanerian Ink Tablets (both red and black):
Zaner Method Straight Holder, 7'/2 inches:
1 quart box, 32 tablets $ .30
1 only $ .15 1 doz $ .60 % gr $2.65
6 boxes or more, per box .22%
% doz 36 y* gr 1.50 1 gr 4.80
1 Triangular Straight Holder, 7% inches $0.25
1 Correct Holder, hard rubber, 6% inches 25
FINE WHITE CARDBOARD
1 Hard Rubber Inkstand 70 White Wedding Bristol: Size 22x28:
1 Good Grip Penpuller 10 6 sheets, postpaid $ .90
1 Inkholder for Lettering 10
12 sheets, postpaid _ 1.65
CARDS 2 sheets by mail, postpaid _ .60

White, black and six different colors:


100 postpaid, 30c; 500 express (shipping weight
LARGE SHEETS OF PAPER
2 lbs.), $1.00; 1000 express (shipping weight
4 lbs.), $2.00.
Zanerian, 16x21 — 32 lb. (smooth surface):
6 sheets by mail, postpaid $ .60
Flourished Design Cards:
20 sheets by mail, postpaid 1.60
With space for name. Two different sets of 12
each. Every one different. —
Ledger, 16x21 30 tb. (smooth hard surface):
2 sets, 24 cards....$ .20 6 sets, 72 cards $ .40 6 sheets by mail, postpaid $ .65
3 sets, 36 cards 26 12 sets, 144 cards .70 12 sheets by mail, postpaid 1.10

Write for complete Penmanship supply Catalog

THE ZANER-BLOSER CO., Penmanship Specialists, Columbus, Ohio


MAY, 1926

I
PEWMpii'INS^SSNi.:
I
imiNEISlWlMWl

II iniililltw.iiiiyyiiiiiii i i i ii vM i i ii iiijkti^liiiii iii iiiiin i ii i a^. in


i i li i i i iiii

Entered at Post Offica.Columbus.OhiD as second class matter.


lliMTill "I "^^^""11""" iini////iiMMlJilliij'*iiiiMiMiiinlili
^ ^A£,3^u^neU^6diuailir ^

SUMMER
PENMANSHIP AUGUST SCHOOL
1926 JULY 6 TO 14,
For Supervisors, Teachers, Penman and Students
In addition lo the regular Zanerian in- FRANK H. ARNOLD
structors. Dr. Doescher. Mrs. Landon, Mr. Arnold is widely known as one of
Frank H. Arnold and Mr. Chambers have the most enthusiastic and progressive su-
pervisors of handwriting in America. Fur-
been engaged for the Summer Term as
thermore, the interest he arouses and the
special instructors. results he secures fully justify his leader-
The highest scholarship in the profes- ship in this work.
sion, the highest skill in the execution of The work of his pupils in the Spokane.
Washington, schools, where Mr. Arnold su-
penmanship and some of the most experi- pervises, is known for its forcefulness,
enced supervisors are represented in the legibility and free flowing qualities.
faculty. Can any one pen-
interested in We are pleased to announce that Mr.
Arnold has consented to deliver a course
manship or methods, whether a beginner of 20 lectures during our 1926 summer
cr an experienced supervisor, overlook the session. These lectures will cover every
opportunity for advancement that this un- phase of handwriting supervision and give
others the benefit of his many years of
usually strong course will offer? experience in this work.
Plan to attend and receive the benefit to Come with the intention of making the
be derived from the feast of instruction best use of your ears, eyes and notebooks,
that is to be given. and you will go away with such a store-
house of valuable and useful ideas as one
Pleasant, congenial surroundings. Write could gather in other ways only by de-
for illustrated Catalog. voting a life time to the work as a su-
MRS. ELIZABETH LANDON pervisor.

Mrs. Landon is a graduate of the Cort-


land State Normal School. Cortland. New
York, and of the Zanerian College. Co-
lumbus, Ohio. Her college work has been
done at Syracuse University. Mrs. Lan-
don has been directing the handwriting in
the Public Schools of Binghamton. New
York, since her graduation from the
Zanerian in 1916. and is therefore in a
position to pass on to our students the
benefit of her long experience in Super-
vision Work in one of the most up-to-date
school systems in the country. Mrs. Lan-
don is not only popular with her teachers,
but she secures excellent results as well.
Zanerian students will find in Mrs. Lan-
don a tireless and enthusiastic worker, an
inspiring teacher and a faithful friend.

WALDEMAR O. DOESCHER, Ph. D.,


C. SPENCER CHAMBERS
Professor of Psychology and l*hilosophy
Capital University, Supervisor of Handwriting. Syr
Columbus, Ohio. Y.. Public Schools and the Syr
City Normal School.
Dr. Doeschcr's preparation for the work Mr. Chambers, who is recognized by the
which he plans to do in our summer penmanship profession as one of the finest
blackboard writers and teachers in the
school is as follows: A. B., Capital Uni- country, will be one of the instructors in
versity 1918; A. M., I'rinceton University the Zanerian Summer School.
1921: Ph. D.. Princeton University 1923; Mr. Chambers has taught in Springfield,
Mo., Portsmouth, Ohio, Covington, Kj-.,
Charlotte Elizabeth Procter, Fellow in Phi-
Cincinnati. Ohio. Pittsburgh. Pa.. Uni-
losophy, Princeton University, 1922-23. versity of Virginia, Charlottesville. Va..
Dr. Doeschcr's ability as a scholar, his Zanerian Summer School and Bliss College.
Coll mbus Ohio. His experience in con-
skill as a teacher and his patient and sym-
nect on w ith his exceptionally high ordt-r
nathetic attitude toward his pupils have of s kill in all branches of penmanship
endeared him to the student body of mnk f his instruction very valuable. He is
H hi rd wc irking, conscientious teacher. He
Capital University, and we predict a simi- hiis spent many summers in the Zanerian.
lar experience for him at the Zanerian Wc are fortunate in again securing his
this summer. services.

Co/umbus. Oh/o

^ ^^^r^uJi/i^U^<^4^iu^i/h- ^

THE GREGG STILL SEARCHING


NORMAL COURSE FOR THE RIQHT PENZ
. . . The \J\timaie in
Teacher Training
So much dependsandon
flawless steel
the character of a pen! Even
perfect workman.ship are un-
common enough. But the delicate balance, the
^^ROGRESS is the process of
precise flexibility you have been seeking — these are
"^
adjusting ourselves to chang- indeed rare.
ing conditions. We are Uving That is why it is so important that you test
Esterbrooks. You will find, among the many Ester-
in changed world. New
a
times demand new ways. The

brook pens, one style or possibly more than one
with all the subtle qualities needed to bring your
Gregg Normal is the recognized leader penmansliip method to its very highest expression.
methods of teaching com-
in resultful Won't you accept a sample assortment?

mercial subjects.

JUST FILL IN.


At the Gregg Normal you will receive Please send me f] full assortment of
TEAR OUT AND
Esterbrook school
MAIL TO—
the mental refreshment that will help ESTERBROOK PEN
you to step out of the ranks of the ordi- cn.. Name ....

CAMDEN,
nary. Courses are arranged to meet NEW JERSEY Address
the requirements of the experienced
teacher as well as the one about to en-
ter this profession.

Students from all over the United


States and Canada are in attendance
each summer, and enthusiastically rec-
ommend the remarkable courses of
study and practice. To Expert Penmen
To the average layman one pen appears
An unexcelled placement service is
to be very like another, except upon closest
also at your command. Gregg Normal examination. But pen experts can check
graduates are teaching in public and our claims for the superiority of Spen-
private schools throughout the country. cerian Pens. To the expert the good points
of a pen are immediately manifest,-elas-
Plan to spend six happy and profitable ticity; smooth action; careful grinding;
weeks at the Gregg Normal July 6 to — better polishing and finer finishing.
August 13. Bulletin tells more —Write To you experts, we confidently repeat our
for your copy today. old slogan, "Spencerian Pens are Best,"
and we believe that you know it is true.
For an interesting assortment, send 10c
GREGG SCHOOL for 10 fine Spencerians and a complimen-
Six North Michigan Ave. tary cork-tipped penholder.

Chicago, 111.
Spencerian Pen Company J'^'?.™^'"''
New York Cit)'
^ f^^Jr^uJ//l^:^^^<^iU:a/fr' ^
Zaner-Bloser Method Summer Schools of Handwriting in California, 1926
MISS SWOPF/S SCHOOL
July 28 to July 16. Long Beach. Calf.
Santa Cruz, Calif. July 26 to Aug. 13.
UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
Los Angeles,
June 28 to Aue. 6.

Miss Mildred MoSett.


Pacific Coast Superrisor
for The Zaner-Bloser Company, R. E. Wiatt. Director of
Instructor. Los Angeles City Schools,
ft'riting,
Instructor.

Stic Penmanship Classes This Summer


FOR FURTHER INFORMATION, ADDRESS THE ABOVE SCHOOLS OR THE
ZANER-BLOSER COMPANY
HANDWRITING PUBLISHER SINCE 1895 COLUMBUS, OHIO

New Edition
Metropolitan g'^ Edition
G. Potter
Metropolitan By
McKinley High School W. A. Sheaffer
Business Chicago
System of
Speller Bookkeeping
Over 6000 words. New lessons containing words pertaining You Will Like It. The text emphasizes the thought side of
to Aeroplanes, Radio, Autonnobiles, etc. Complete Index, 244 the subject. It stimulates and encourages the reasoning pow-
pages, attractive binding, 50 cents. er of the pupil. Pupils acquire a knowledge of the subject as
well as facility in the making of entries. It is a thoroughly
A Superior Speller seasoned, therefore accurate, text supported by complet«
Teachers' Reference Books, and Teachers' Manual.
Twofold Design. In the preparation of the Metropolitan
Business Speller we had constantly in mind two objects: Parts I and II text is an elementary course suitable for
first, to teach the pupil to spell, and second to enlarge his any school in which the subject is taught. Two semesters
vocabulary, especially of words in general use. are required in High Schools and a correspondingly shorter
Classification of Words. As an aid to the memory we have time in more intensified courses.
classified words, as regards sounds, syllabication, accents and
ining.We have grouped the words relating to each par- Parts III and IV text is suitable for an advanced course
ilar kind of business into lessons, by which the student is following any modern elementary text. We make the state-
enabled to familiarize himself with the vocabulary of that ment without hesitation, that this is the most teachable,
business. We have interspersed miscellaneous exercises in most up-to-date, and strongest text published for advanced
lature of reviews. We have grouped words that can best bookkeeping and elementary accounting use.
be learned by comparisons, such as Stationery and Stationary.
Corporation-Mfg. -Voucher unit is bound in heavy paper
Abbreviations of states, months, railways and commercial covers and contains all of Part IV. It is a complete course
rms are given in regular lesson form, and grouped alpha- in Corporation accounting including instructions, set of
tically. We regard abbreviating of almost equal impor- transactions, exercises, problems, etc. It is without doubt
nce with spelling. the best text for this part of your accounting course. List
Syllabication and pronunciation are shown by the proi)or prices. Text. 120 pages. 40 cents. Supplies, including Blank
vision of words, and the use of the diacritical marks. The Books and Papers, 95 cents.
ards are printed in bold type, and the definitions in lighter
cc. so as to bring out the appearance of the word, —
an aid
sight spelling. EXAMINATION COPIES will be submitted upon request.

METROPOLITAN TEXT BOOK COMPANY CHICAGO


:

f^^^u^>i^iU^<^</iU¥i/^ ^

Truth
ONE of our contemporaries in the shorthand publishing field seems
to be frantically perturbed over the fact that a Gregg writer

won the last contest of the York State Shorthand Report- New
ers' Association. There is really nothing to be perturbed about they —
should be used to this sort of thing by this time Although, accord- !

ing to their own statements, their system is "for ninety years the
victor!" "holds all the world's records!" etc., etc. yet the Gregg —
writers win the contests What kind of complex this is we leave to
!

the psychologists to figure out. On a guess we would say "a lack-of-


sense-of -humor complex."
To be frank about it, their advertising gives the impression that one of

their writers (or two of them it does not matter) is entitled to all the credit
in the last contest of the New York State Shorthand Reporters' Association,
notwithstanding the fact that the contest was won by Mr. Dupraw, a writer of
Gregg Shorthand. This statement is the main feature of their advertising.
"Of the four competitors who ciualified in the New York State Contest, 1925.
Two were Isaac Pitman writers, with total errors of 76.
Two were Gregj writers, with total errors of 90."

The complete story of the contest would read:


There were nine contestants (official report) of which two were Gregg writers and seven Pit-
manic. Five Pitmanic writers FAILED to qualify with the necessary accuracy of 95% or
better! Both Gregg writers qualified, one of whom won the contest and for the second time in —
succession.
To tabulate for easy reference:
Failing Qualifying Winning
Gregg Writers _ None 100 <% 100%
Pitman Writers _ _ _ _.- _ 71.5% 28.5% None

Another "feature" of our contemporary's advertising is this line


"The dictation at the highest speed was won by an Isaac Pitman writer."
The Pitmanic writer referred to made thirty eri'ors, the Gregg writer,
winner of the contest, made thirty-one a difference of one error, we submit, —
is not much to shout from the house tops, especially as the contest is not de-
cided on one dictation, but on both —
the contestant who makes the greatest
percentage of accuracy on the whole is awarded the cup.
Here are the official figures:
Errors at Percentage
Name 220 280 Accuracy
1. Martin J. Dupraw 1 31 98.89
2. Solomon Pownser _ :, 30 98.70
3. Nathan Behrin _ - _ 6 35 98.47
4. Charles L. Swem _ __ 4 54 97.89

The cup was awarded to Mr. Martin J. Dupraw, a graduate of the High
School of Commerce, New York City.
Writers of Gregg Shorthand have won the World's Championship in the
contests of the National Shorthand Reporters' Association four times in the
last five championship contests. Gregg is the only system that has produced
more than one champion in these contests.

The Gregg Publishing Company


New York Chicago Boston San Francisco London
^ f^J^uJ/n^U'i^^ei^iu^i^r* ^

Publisher's Note
At the request of a large number of type-
writing teachers, we have issued an edi-
tion of "Practical Course in Touch
Typewriting" by Charles E. Smith, using
the method of fingering in which B is

struck with the left hand.


BLISS-ALGER

Bookkeeping and Accounting Innumerable teachers have expressed their


A strictly new course just off the press, combining Book- admiration of the contents of Mr.
keeping. Business Practice and BankinB. Makes individual
instruction a pleasure. Exceedingly interesting to the student. Smith's "Practical Course in Touch

Three Systems Typewriting" but have been prevented


from using it in their classes because
ACTUAL BUSINESS (with offices)
FOLDER (like above, without offices) the fingering was at variance with their
CORRESPONDENCE
preference.
For Hiffb Schools, Business Schools or any institution
teaching Bookkeeping:. Text and outfit sent to teachers for
examination. Mention school connection.
We expect therefore that the popularity
BLISS PUBLISHING CO. now be further ex-
SAGINAW, MICH. of this book will still

tended, and in the belief that you will be


interested in the text, we are willing to
send a copy to you with our compli-
ments. We are sure that an examina-
tion of the book will indicate the reason
why there have been sixteen editions of
Touch Typewriting since 1904.
CTi/fORE people are learning
^ each day that good For the past twelve years, the author has
printing is an inuestment—not used his method for training the cham-
pion typists of the world. During the
an expense.
past twenty years, he has observed the
work of hundreds of thousands of stu-
dents and has corresponded with tliou-
sands of typewriting teachers. Because
of this, we have no hesitation in recom-
mending the book to you as the soundest
ScHMiTT Printing Company and the most up-to-date of all type-
"The 'Busy Shop" writing texts.

139 E. Rich Street Columbus, Ohio

ADams
Isaac Pitman & Sons
4439
2 West 45th Street NEW
YORK
THE

U5me55 s&uratar
Volume 31 COLUMBUS, OHIO, MAY, 1926 Number 9

More Good Supervisors of Handwriting Needed


We Are for Them
At this time when this issue of THE BUSINESS EDUCATOR is being mailed the National Association
of Penmanship Supervisors will be holding its twelfth annual meeting in the city of Cleveland, Ohio, and
all persons interested in better handwriting will eagerly await the results of the meeting.
There is not a doubt in our minds that many more well ciualifled handwriting supervisors should be em-
ployed in the public schools of our country, to the end that pupils generally may have a more serviceable
handwriting to carry them over better educationally and to serve them better throughout life both socially
and commercially.
It may be that the time will come in the distant future when educational methods will be so changed and
when teachers will be so well trained that there will be no need of special teachers of such subjects as
music, drawing, physical culture, etc., but that time is not here yet, and surely handwriting is one of the
important and fundamental branches.
We are for the supervisor. We have taken our stand on this matter by repeating time and again the
thought expressed below in script and we still stand by it. We are not only for him (and that includes her
also) but we constantly endeavor to furnish him the best aids in his work, as well as assist in training
persons as supei-visors.
As far as results are concerned, no penmanship method, however good it may be, can entirely take
the place of a wide-awake supervisor.
Supei-visors should be trained not only in the best methods of teaching handwriting but they should
also acquire a fair amount of skill so that they can show by example as well as tell how. Then their teach-
ing is a real inspiration to their pupils.

THE BUSINESS EDUCATOR SUBSCRIPTION PRICE, $1.25 A YEAR


(To Canada. 10c more; foreign. 20c more)
The Business Educator is the best mediom
through which to reach business college pro-
Published monthly (except July and August) Single copy. 15c.
By THE ZANER-BLOSER CO.. Change of address should be requested prietors and managers, commercial teachers
612 N. Park St.. Columbus, O. promptly in advance, if possible, giving the old and students, and lovers of penmanship. Copy
'JE. W. B LOSER Editor as well as the new address. must reach our ofTice by the 10th of the month
A. LUPFER - - . . Managing Editor Advertising rates furnished upon request. for the issue of the following* month.
^ .^^^u^n^U^di'deu^i/^ir ^

Lessons in Handwriting
MABEL
By VOGAN, Supervisor of Ha
(Miss Vogan will be glad to give you good criticisms if you will send 15 ington. W. Va.)

Group Eleven
Exercise One
Count 1-2-3-4-5-6 for the direct open oval and without lifting the pen swing into eight counts of the small "u" ex-
ercise. Work for good curves, points, and uniform slants.
Exercise Two
The first figure is to show the elements of Make a careful study of the letter before attempting to practice
"r."
it. The "r" and the "s" are just the little point than the other small or short letters. Begin with a good under-
taller
cui-ve like the "i" and the "u," and make a very
tiny retrace at the top. Note the slant of the "shoulder" or "roof."
Check the movement to make thi.s part and stop before swinging the downstroke and finish. Watch the slant of the
downstroke, and make a good elbow curve for the finish. For the first exercise count six for the oval and 1-2, 3 for the
letter without lifting the pen between.
Exercise Three
Curve the upstroke well. Retrace top slightly making a point. Study the slant of the "roof." Slant the down-
stroke and push-pull to fix the slant habit. Curve the upstroke the same as the beginning. Count 1-2, 3-4-5-6-finish.
Exercise Four
For the letter count 1-2, 3 at the rate of 45 letters per minute. Don't be discouraged if your first letters are not
perfect. IT takes a lot of thorough study and practice to master the little catch in the movement.
Exercise Five
The first figure shows the elements of this form. The first part is like "n." Retrace a little higher than the
turn. Finish like "v." Count 1, 2-3-4-5-6, finish for the exercise.
Exercise Six
Count 1-2, 3. Avoid spreading the letter apart. Pause at the top for the dot and curve finish.

Exercise Seven
Join in groups of four to the count 1-2, 3-4, 5-6, 7-8, finish. PUT much study and drill on these exercises.
Exercise Eight
Try joining this form in groups. How soon can you acquire the queer little jerk in the motion?
f^^r^u^'n^dA/(^^i/iu^i/h- ^ 9

T-, . „. Group Eleven Continued


Exercise Nine
first form is for analysis. Curve the upstroke well.
;. Retrace the top as in "r." Note the comnoun,! rn.-vP
in fi'^''?
the downstroke. Touch the first stroke. Pause a little before making the retrace finish For the e™e?cise crn^?
''' ''"' ''' '^^'""'"^ ''''^'' "^'^^^ ^ P^*'^ ^'^^°"^'^ ^'^^ -'^dle of the' ovaL The'point^ex-
ten'^s'abte'tht'ovar"'-
Exercise Ten
^"^' 3
^P'' t'^e "s." Curve beginning stroke well. Point the top Keep an oval form
1 (-+ ^°"S*^
letter. Pause at the beginning stroke in order to retrace the finish at the bottom of the
Exercise Eleven
Count-Cui-ve 1, curve 2, curve 3, cui-ve 4 when joining the four s's." Put a lot of practice on this letter. It is
so often poorly made.
Exercise Twelve

trv it.
try ^7°"sJnT.f^^''''"t^'''^*•K'^"'"^T^'""
Stop often to criticise. Develop ?
'^^^'^- ^°^ ^«* "^ "^"y ^'"te! study these words. Think the motion
"louoii, then
uien
an easy graceful glide.

Group Twelve
Review the indirect running oval exercise one space high
Exercise One
'*•'' b<?F/""i"S the push-pull and indirect oval group of capitals. To develop the movement
„;.o ^c trv thi« first ever
^^"^^ J"'* '^^'^ ^^y "P' P"sh-pull six counts, and make six count.sTth^ mairect
hpMHp the
beside H^'"push-pull ".^u"T
^f''at the bottom. Make the whole exercise without lifting the pen.
Mire^ct oval stopping
stonnTng
Exercise Two
Start the curve which is part of a direct oval just half way
up. Retrace the pu^h-null six counts 0,n thp ^ivfh
count swing into the indirect oval making six cou.its. Make
the oval just half a ^space^h gh anrstop wi?h a do at
'^
"' ^' ^ '''''' P''"'"'='^ ^"^ "'^^ fi"^' '' ^^^^^' ^° '"^'^^ the dot finish by holding the pen sfillind pressing
sligh%
Exercise Three
°"'^ ^^"^ push-pull is retraced and we finish with the oval. Count curve, 1-2-3-4-5, oval,
Exerdse'^Four'"
nh.nf.^''.^' f?i ^^'F ^""T-^rh ^^P"" ^^^^ ^^y "P ^"d cui-ve the stroke well. 2. Pause at the base Hne and retrar-e
10 d^ f^^^3^uJ//t^^^^/£ua/^ ^
Group Twelve Continued
The "R" is like the "P" except that "R" has the finish which loops around the stem and swings below the line.
For the first drill count curve, 1, 2-3-4-5-6-finish. Make the little loop at least touch the stem. It may tie around the
stem. Keep the bottom rather narrow. Finish something like "A."
Exercise Six
Another drill for "R" which is good to practice if you are inclined to loop the stem. Count cun-e-l-2-3-4-round-
finish.
Exercise Seven
1-2, .3-4 for the "R."
Count Study the large fomi. 1. Begin half way up, and cune well. 2. Pause at the base
line. Retrace about 2-3 of the stem. 4. Make the oval at least as tall as the stem. .5. Tie the loop around the stem
3.
half way down, and finish with about the same slant as the stem as in "K." Make 35 to 40 letters a minute.
Exercise Eight
Count cun-e 1, 2-3-4-5-loop-l-2-3-4-5-6-dot. The first part is like "P" and "R," but the middle loop does NOT touch
the stem, and the finish is an oval the same size as the upper one. The small loop faces the stem, and should point
slightly upward.
Leave a space between the loop and stem and between the dot and stem.
Exercise Nine
Count cur\-e, 2-3-dot. 1. Cui-ve the upstroke. 2. Pause at the base line. 3. Retrace 2-3 of the stem. 4. Roll the
upper oval rather wide and at least as tall as the stem. 5. Draw the lower oval under and to the left of the upper one
and stop with a dot. 6. Obser\'e spaces between loop and dot and the stem. 7. A slant line drawn past the two ovals
should be the same slant as the stem. 8. The middle loop looks leftward and upward.
Exercise Nine
Remember that it takes study and practice to make good penmen. Learn to be your own critic and you will
progress more rapidly. Write several pages of words applying the "P B R" group.

Group Thirteen
Exercise One
Before trying this exercise warm up with push-pull one space high. Make the "t" exercise a little more than half
a space high. Count curve-l-2-3-4-5-6-cun'e. Observe slant and spacing, and get a good curve on the upstrokes.
Exercise Two
Count 1-2-cross. Curve the upstrokes well. Pull toward yourself on the downstroke. Retrace at lea.st half way
to avoid spreading apart at the bottom. Cui-ve the finish. Cross from left to right. Make a short, neat cross parallel
with the base line. Speed about *45 letters per minute. The cross should be at about 2-3 the height of the letter which
is a half space.

,J^;jj^-i:^^^'i^jj>^'^^;^-:^^?^^^
9

^/z.y/z^/z^'/z>/z^<^'Z-<^^^-^

^...^^^Z^t^c-^;)^.-^^^,^.^^^
r^J^^uJ/zi^S {§"1/0^:0/^?- ^
Group Thirteen Continued
Exercise Three
For the four "t's" joined count cun-e-1, cun-e-2, curve-3, curve-4, curve, cross. Make good elbow curves, long con-
necting strokes, and neat crosses.
Exercise Four
Small "d' 'is composed of parts of "a" and "t." The height is a half space. For the exercise count curve-1, 2-3-4-5-6.
Exercise Five
Count 1-2-3. Close the "a" part, and retrace the "t" part. Make at the rate of 55 or 60 letters per minute.
Exercise Six
Join four "d's" to the count Id, 2d, 3d, 4d.
Exercise Seven
Begin like "t," and curve the upstroke well. Pull down 1-2 space below the base line. Push-pull five counts,
then finish with an indirect oval 1-4 space in height. Swing out from the stem as in "s."
Exercise Eight
Study the large form. 1. Cun-e up well. 2. Retrace and pull to the bottom of the letter (1-2 space below the base
line). 3. The indirect oval is 1-2 the height of the stem showing above the base line. Make it close to the stem. 5.
The oval ends at the stem just above the base line. 6. Finish like "s" by pausing at the stem before swinging upward.
The "t," "d," and "p" are the only half space letters.
Exercise Nine
Join four letters without lifting the pen to the count cun-e 1, curve 2, curve 3, cuixe 4, cur\-e. Keep the slant
uniform, and close all the ovals.
Exercise Ten
This final "t" is easily and quickly made. Try the push-pull exercise first. Count 1-2-3-4-5-cun-e. Finish with
an over cun-e about 1-2 or 2-3 the height of the exercise.
Exercise Eleven
Count 1-2-3. Retrace from the base line, and cun-e over to the right at half the height of the letter. This form
is 1-2 space in height as the one above. Make about 45 letters per minute.
Exercise Twelve
Apply the "t, d, and p" in the following words. See if you can make "twin" letters where they are double. Study,
criticise, and try again if you wish to improve.

Lessons in Business Penmanship


Bj J. J. BAILEY, Bieh School of Commerce. Toronto, Ont., Canada.
(Mr. Bailey will be glad to give you good criticisms if you will enclose 15 cts.)

Applied writing is very interesting and should not be very difficult for you if you have practiced each individual
letter and word carefully in the preceding lessons. This work puts into practice all the previous training which you
have been doing.
In practicing the.se copies consider your position and movement. If you find that you are going back to a cramped,
slow movement turn to some of the easy movement exercises and individual letters and work upon them. In fact, it
is advisable each day to do a certain amount of review work on all of the letters.

Watch the spaces between and in w-ords in order that all letters may look as though they belong to the same family,
and so that each word stands out by itself plainly. Study arrangement, slant, height and proportion of letters. After
you have written a page stand it up in front of you and step back a few feet to see the general appearance of the
page.
The more practice you do the more skillful you will become.

.' /? // /
^ f!^J'^^fiJ/neU/<^Jiua/fr' ^

fJOf^ at^ /X.

xz/^c

'^-^-'i-'?-^-'^!

Wg^^g^ y=^^

<#^ -SZP^z^

~'tL.^;£^o—?^k.^.'-y^l^

iPi^ -ii^^^z^—t^L^-^-^ (?-^ --U^-v-t-t^o-z^'^^^^ •^?C-,^-SZ-^'£^<^ ^^i^<^C-zZ-^^ 1>-^?^-T7-'^k^^^^?^<^'

^1;^ / ^ r'oo —
J^ J" 2C 4^,i)

/z <^ 73 —
/J- ^ (;lZ<><^^^:'<J^2-^^/^'S^Z'<«<''-^--i^-^ ^f CT^
''Z
z / oa —
^/ J-
/ /
^7
7 i

^/ ^ //7c; ^;^

^^ / ^2^ 3/
From (he pen of E. A. Lupfor, Columbus, O.
,

la

y>-T'-^^

C. Spencer Chambers, Sop' of Writing, Syracuse, N. Y., is swinging a skillful hand these days. Hii rk is accurate and is written
very freely.

Written by Rene Guillard, the skillful penman of Evanston, 111.

^^^-^ /.
'.

-
^-
^___^__

^ ^^ ^
—-^^--(?5j?? >/-'--
r-:^^_^. -.,
-^ ^. •
y^-

Graceful, delicate ornamental writing by H. B. Lehman, St. Lonis, Mo., Beaumont High School. If you like this work write Mr. Lehman so
that he will give as more of his skillful work.
.^^^UJ/ueJ^^^/iu^l/^T- ^

Miss Clara Mae Guilfoyle, student of E. A. Deiterich. Miami- Jacobs Business College. Dayton. O., writes an extremely skillful
hand. Her touch and ease of execution is professional-like in quality. The lines being light they did not engrave well.

LETTERING CONTEST
Many fine specimens of lettering are
being received by us for the Students'
Lettering Contest, announced in the
March issue and which closes May 1.
Watch for the announcements of win-
ners in the June issue.

CARNEGIE CONTEST
The pupils in the Carnegie, Pa.,
schools, after having worked for three Lettering with a broad pen by Richard D'Cirilas, Box 410 Hartford, Conn.,
a pupil of F. A. Curtis.
weeks on block lettering under the in-
struction of their teacher, Donald M.
Glossner, sent us a package of specimens.
Each pupil lettered his own name with-
out any aid, and we were requested to
select 1st, 2nd and 3rd best specimens.
The first prize, a Zanerian Fine Art
Straight Penholder, was awarded to Sin-
sell. The second prize, a Zanerian Hard
Rubber Ink Stand, was awarded Fekula,
and third prize. Plain Useful Lettering,
was awarded Haller.
This was one of the most difficult con-
testswe have had to <lecide for some time
due to the fact that so many of the pupils
CM.FEKULAP
have reached such a high standard. The
specimens to the right show what good
results can be secured from public school
pupils.

We had the pleasure of meeting Mr.


Glossner personally last summer in the
Zanerian Summer School.
IS

Helpful Criticisms

Hubbardisms
U Never explain —
your friends do
not need it and your enemies will
not believe you anyhow.

U Men do not lack strength; they


lack the will to concentrate and
act.

H The highest reward that God


gives us for good work is the abili-
ty to do better work.

H The man who knows it can't be


done counts the risk, not the re-
ward.

U Everything is waiting and watch-


ing you to see what signal you
hoist —
from within you attract
that which you desire to attract.

^ Abolish fear and you can accom-


plish whatever you wish.

r^. >c^

t7-

^^T/f r( (^
2.' ZO - /^2.C.
'^m/:>f.

^ ^j
\ t7

At the present time Old-time Fiddlers are holding contests throug^hout the country.
an Old-time Penmanship Contest? Send on your specimens and state your age. We will
to publish some of the specimens, and let our readers be the judges.
Why
Mr. Heath's specimen
not
try
will
7/ T ':¥'
?/^
make you do a little practicing. This alphabet was written by G. F. Korrell.
Penmanship Teacher in the Office Training;
Srhool. Columbus, Ohio.

't' <^

f'2/^^X
^ 4^^^ V J^ ^ CP

An alphabet by Mr. Mills, Rochester, N. Y.


IS ^^J^uJ/n^M/^^e/iu^f/ir' ^
Supplementary Business Writing
Bjr C. C. LISTER, Maxwell TraininE School for Teachers, New York City.

^ //l^i^C-'Z^^-J- ^ /^

^--^J/y'~£^i,.-c.'z/--d,<£yi^^L<cz.Z^^^^iJ^

^^^/^Z'-^-t^

Oi^-T-t-^-d^
f^^^ud/n^d4/^(/iu^a(^ ^
sense of a lot of good people who
ought to know better. Hence a con-
MENTAL MEANDERINGS .siderable body of public sentiment has
been enlisted in the holy cause of
practically nullifying our criminal
By CARL MARSHALL. Tujunga. Calif.
laws. The efforts of these unthinking
one are evidenced in the silly outcry
against capital punishment, the de-
mand for admitting dangerous crim-
The darkest cloud that throws its the cave man, and four thousand inals to probation, soft-headed or
sliadow over this land of ours todav years of recorded history shows that vote-seeking governors who abuse the
is LAWLESSNESS. For the la.st dec- these social pariahs can be kept in pardoning power, and finally, the con-
ade or so, this cloud has abeyance only by visiting upon them version of many of our penitentiaries
.\ Menacing been mounting upward surely and promptly, the consequences into pleasure resorts, where scoun-
Triad. into our social sky with of their crimes. drelly tliieves and murderers are
the portentousness of given better treatment than is ac-
an Oklahoma cyclone. As a people, 2. An aggregation of crooked pro- corded to the innocent and relatively
we have been so carelessly contented fessional politicians, a seemingly un- deser\'ing unfortunates in our aim-
and prosperous that, like the victims escapable by-product of our democ- houses.
in the path of the cyclone, we have racy, who profit politically by the or- It is quite time that sensible
hardly sensed its approach till it is ganized support of the criminal class and clear-thinking Americans formed
upon us. If you would realize the itself. These unclean vermin chiefly themselves into some kind of a nation-
nature and possibilities of the ugly infest our larger cities. Backed by the wide "Law and Order League" that
thing that menaces us, read the arti- underworld, they are often powerful will mop up this whole wretched mess,
cles by Lawrence Veiller that have enough to control the election of and put the enforcement of the laws
been appearing in recent issues of the judges and the construction of legal back on the solid ground established
"World's Work" magazine. The facts, and police machinery, whose chief by our forefathers. Chief Justice Taft
indisputable, which Mr. purpose is the aiding of powerful has lately said that the maladmin-
Veiller presents are criminals and their friends to escape istration of the criminal laws in this
both unpleasant and from the meshes of the law. To this country is a disgrace to the Nation.
startling, but they give group should be added those other That is pretty strong language, but
every decent American social jackals, the criminals lawyers, the Chief Justice is fairly good au-
pause. We should be so-called, who would be better desig- thority, and anyone who reads Mr.
aroused to action by the nated as "lawyer criminals." These Veiller's indictment in. the "World's
fact that there is at are the Clarence Darrows, and others Work," will have to admit that the
least five times as much of lesser note, who make a business of charge Are we easy-going
is justified.
unpunished crime in the helping criminals to escape the laws. citizens to keep on our placid ways till
United States of Amer-
— ~-
land,
. ica than in any other
or uncivilized, on the
civilized
•3.

gerous
A less criminal but no less dan-
group of enemies of public
this menacing combination of under-
world jungle beasts, criminal lawyers
and crooked politicians, and fool "sen-
face of the earth. It is not pleasant order, have been picturesquely des- timentalists, have made life and prop-
to be told that a man's life and prop- cribed as "sob sisters" although by erty more unsafe in this land of Wash-
erty are about eight times as safe un- no means all of them are females. ington, Lincoln and Roosevelt, than
der the Union Jack than under the The members of thisgroup make a they were in the days of Ghengis Khan
Stars and Stripes, but such is un- business of posing as "friends of the and Atilla the Hun ?
doubtedly the fact. poor prisoner," and are always on I have devoted my space in the Ed-
It is not a time to sit back and hand with encouragement, consolation, cator this month, to this problem of
philosophize as to what invidious sympathy, and even money, in behalf increasing crime, because I believe
social forces have brought about this of every red-handed defier of law, it is by far the most important thing
national disgrace. The thing to do, whether accused or convicted, that just now that Americans can think
is to STOP IT. And the first step in they happen to know about. They are about. It is vastly more important
stopping it, is to know the nature of not in the least interested in the than any issue of either politics, ed-
the enemy, just what it is and how it worthy, hard-pressed man who is try- ucation or religion. Personally, I have
works. In the first place, this mount- ing to make an honest living, but let attained to an age when I need not
ing crime wave is not the result of any kind of a scoundrel or murderous worry particularly, for myself, as to
any sudden social degeneration, or thug get into the toils of the law and, what may happen in this country ten
any calamitous wreckage of our moral presto! the sob-sisters are on hand or twenty years from now, but l" hap-
ideals. As a whole, we are just about with buckets of tears and pleas and pen to have an interest in certain chil-
the same kind of people that we were petitions for probation or pardon or dren and grandchildren from whom I
one or two generations ago. The what not. These sentimental perverts should like to see America continue to
thing that has happened to us is that have not a tear or a word of sym- be, as Roosevelt put it, "a place worth
we have temporarily forgotten that pathy for the criminal's victims how- living in." But I am not encouraged by
laws are necessary to keep a people ever. And they spout all sorts of a situation that has already made all
in order, no matter how well-disposed hifalutin nonsense about criminals, the large cities of this country and
it may be, and that laws are no good saying that they are merely "sick peo- many of the small ones, more unsafe
unless they are ENFORCED. That ple" who ai-e to be "cured" rather for honest people, than was London
is the root of the whole matter. We than punished; that our penitentiaries in the times of Robin Hood.
have permitted, and to a certain ex- are for "reformation," and therefore,
tent encouraged the upgrowth in this should be made as pleasant as possible
country, of certain forces that are for the "poor unfortunates" who get By way of adding a touch of humor
into them No matter how foul and to the foregoing article, I will put in
avowedly inimical to the enforcement .

cruel the crime, the criminal is al- as a "tail-piece," the following little
of our laws. As I see, these forces incident, the facts of
may be roughly grouped as follows: ways to be "pitied." And they are
most ingenious in finding excuses for Two That which recently came to
1. The criminal underworld, that him. Maybe his great-grandmother Were Cured, myattention.
relatively small portion of the people fell down cellar and bumped her head Tliere live and labor
who are moral and social perverts, and was never "right" aftei-wards, in a certain California city, two ami-
and who deliberately prefer a crim- and her descendant is therefore "not able and virtuous young spinsters, not
inal life to being decent. There are normal" and should not be held re- too young) who room together and
all grades of these, from the petty sponsible. Tills kind of slush has been hold jobs as stenographers, at, let
sneak-thief to the tigerish thug. so persistently dinned into the ears us guess, a stipend of twenty or
These have existed since the days of of the public, as to shake the common (Continued on page 21)

k

18 ^ f^^^u^'n^U'^^/iu^a^ir'
their earnings as fast as they could

get it some turning over the paste

What's In a Name? boards in order to see what was on


the other side, while others trained
By C. R. McCANN, McCann School of Bu Hazlcton. Pa their eyes putting the green ball in
side pocket. Jolinny surprised the
Principal by telling him that he would
start Day School when the strike
[An inspiring story by C. R. McCann the saloon-miner and the mine boss started. Here in the Day Sessions,
of the McCann School of Business, were in cahoots. Each "green-horn" he had more time to work on the
Hazelton, Penna,, which tells of the gave the boss a certain amount out of problems in Bookkeeping and he sur-
actual experience of a poor boy who his pay in return for the soft spot prised the High School graduates who
worked his way up through the public along the gangway where the coal was were in Business College by his splen-
schools, business college, and finally easy to cut. Some of the bosses made did work.
through Princeton University where more money out of the divvy than they In penmanship, he was only fair
he was graduated last year. Every did out of the job itself. was
until a class in Engrossers' Script
student in public or private schools But that is neither here nor there started. Madarasz was his model and
should read this story. It tells what for my readers are wondering what Johnny woud practice by the hour un-
has been done and shows what any has become of Johnny. In a short til he could produce very fine work.
young boy or girl can do who is will- time, he was able to start to Public When the Principal spoke of getting
ing to work hard. School but it was in the first grade. up a list of subscriptions for the Busi-
R. C. McCann is a son of our good He did not mind that as he wanted to ness Educator, Johnny was among the
friend L. C. McCann, the business col- get somewhere in the world. He soon first to subscribe. He had seen some
lege man of Reading, Penna., and a rose up through the ranks, as he was of the copies and knew what was to
brother of D. G. McCann, who is also doing the best he knew with his be derived from this wonderful little
in business college work. If Mr. broken Polski dialect. His teacher, magazine that has survived upon
McCann's article will help arouse the too, took an interest in her pupils and merit. In Salemanship and Commer-
ambition of some boy or girl, he will saw that he received a little more at- cial Law, too, he loved to get into the
feel amply repaid for his efforts. He tention than those who could speak class discussions for the teacher per-
writes as follows: "This little plot English a little better than Johnny. mitted the boys and girls to discuss
has to do with what a boy can do if In Russia, only the rich people were these questions in class. This teacher
he has a stick-to-it-ive-ness what so— able to educate their children. It was was of the old school and had ideas
manv of us lack in our vounger days. not long before Johnny could read of his own about the thing known as
Then too, THE BUSINESS EDUCA- and write "United States" as well as "Enthusiasm in Class Room."
TOR was one of the means of getting the best in the .school. However, it Still the strike was not fini.shed, so
this lad's ambition fired —
it is an ac- was hard for him to speak Polish at Johnny started Shorthand and Tj-pe-
tual story with fictitious names."] home and English at school. It got writing sinced he had completed his
him all balled up when he would recite. bookkeeping course. These curls and
not so much what your name
It is Things went along well until the end loops and the typewriter keyboard
is but what your name stands for that of the Sixth Grade year when his soon confused Johnny, but he kept
counts in this world. The subject is mother died and it was decided that plugging at it \mtil he could <lo as well
one among thousands who have suc- Johnny must go to work at the mines. as the average except upon the type-
ceeded in spite of untold difficulties. Along about this time, Peter betook writer. His fingers would get in be-
The so-called foreigner is not to be upon himself a blushing bride and tween the keys and all seemed to get
despised; it is the duty of the "100%" they moved in with Wadlek's family. in the way when he would move
American to help these foreigners do Peter finally got a better job quite around the keyboard. In this school,
the right thing in life. some distance away and necessitated the touch system was taught and and,
Wadlek Zukowski lived in a little the breaking up of the home again. hence, the keyboard wa-s covereil so
hut in Poland, not far distant from the Johnny worked Day Shift while his that the student could not see the
father, Night Shift. Johnny soon keys. However, he kept plugging at
German boundary line, together with
learned the art of Domestic Science, it until he finaly became an expert
his wife, Sophie, and their son Johnny.
One evening after a hard day's work baking as well as the ordinary run upon the typewriter.
of girls, for the present day girls are
in the fields, Waldek read a letter from The following year he was hired as
not so keen about housework. This
his brother, Peper, who had gone to an assistant teacher of typewriting
is probably due to the mothers of these
America three years before in order to Not and shorthand. With his spare mo-
girls, more than anything else.
escape being inducted into the army ments, he received instructions in Eng-
In this letter, was enough money for
many girls care to marry a man with
lish, Algebra, Geometry and Letter
Wadlek and his family to so to Amer- a family but Johnny was getting along
and was saving a few pennies. Writing from the Principal, who was
ica. But Peter had been a bad patriot a college graduate. In this way, he
by running away, so Waldek was re- One of his buddies had told him that was receiving college training for this
fused a passport to America. It was he was going to start Night School teacher was one of those who took
very hard to leave Russia when the the following Monday night in the great delight in helping his boys and
Czar was running things over there local Business College. Johnny
girls, not for the dollar that there was
for the little White Father ran things thought that would be fine for him, in it but for the love of the work
to suit himself. too, so he was on hand the opening
to help the less fortunate better them-
The only other course was to be night and was placed in the Prepar- selves in life and thus make the world
smuggled across the boundary into atory Course. His teacher soon found a better place in which to live.
Germany. Stanley Kowakuski, a that Johnny was above the average
run of boys and promoted him to the Johnny was a good instructor be-
cousin of Wadlek's, was to haul a cause he" insisted that everyone under
load of wheat in a few days into Ger- elementary bookkeeping class. Johnny
was very punctual, always at liis place his instruction should do it as he had.
manv
for his landlord to the grist mill. He soon found out that some boys and
Wadlek's familv were all tied in sacks when the opening bell sounded, never
missed a session the entire term and girls do not care so much about how
as wheat, hauled into Germany, and they get a study, just so long as they
landed in the cour.se of a few weeks in one of the last to leave at night.
are" able to get it. Many think that
America. The next term was a like perfor- one can copy his work and get away
It was not long before a job was
mance on the part of Johnny. When with it and not get caught, but these
secured for Waldek about the hard Spring came around, the miners and usually pay for the error of their way
coal mines. The foreigners soon be- operators had their usual love feast It does not pay to cheat
in the' end.
come wise to the easiest way of get- over the question of wages. However, one's way in bookkeeping or type-
ing jobs that pay well. This was be- Johnny had .saved his pennies when
some of the other lads had spent (Continued on page 23)
fore the day of Andy Vol.stead when
^ MJ^u^n^dA^^^f/iiai/^ ^
Like this, or fine.
I wonder if
He used a Gillott, thirty-nine
Penmanship Devices and Plans Ur a Spencerian like mine.

230 words to thi:


Wiirf. 'n """^^"f
No ink, I know,

Will really make ideas fiow-
Nor can the most ingenious
Make wits and poets of dull 'pen
[An article, by H. M. Heaney, —
your school maybe. Also it presup- nien.

Davenport — McLachan
Business Uni- poses a teacher who writes well him-
self. Nevertheless, students; and in
So this the miracle
explains
versity, Grand Rapids, Mich., read be- pen and ink with brains.
fact most people in general, are poor h" harder
M?np'7is the
Mine ta.sk, I think
fore the N. C. T. F.] obser\-ers, details escape mo.st of us, lo write with only pen
we are not detectives, and yet it is and ink."
Mr. Chairman and followers of an
Artistic Occupation: details that make penmanship. I shall WILLIAM
use some proofs presently. Hence
D. BRIDGE
It is a very difficult feat toany- tell
William D. Bridge, a lineal descend-
seeing, while very good, is inadequate.
thing new in penmanship, at least any- ant of John Bridge, who settled
The second step in getting a perfect in
thing that will be new to men and Cambridge, Mass., in 1631, died at his
letter in the student's brain is to study
women who have taught twenty years, Tliat's where teaching comes in. home, 209 Snyder Street, Orange
or fifteen years, or ten years. But I
it.
on March 10, 1926.
N '

That's where the lesson period brings J.,


recall that last year's Chairman told
out the difference between a teacher Doctor Bridge was bom in Dux-
us to keep in mind especially the new
and a real teacher. For many stu- bury, Mass., Februarv 2.3, 1840.
teachers, and those who had not at-
dents have eyes but they see not, or
He
tended many national conventions be- prepared for college in the Weslevan
seeing, they do not perceive. So an Academy, Wilbraham, Mass., and
fore. Hence will you who are important part of every penmanship
"thoroughly matured" withhold any graduated at the Wesleyan University,
period should be the consideration of Middletown, Conn., in the class of
scorn for what may seem to you to be
mere platitudes.
letter construction —the study of the 1861. He survived by an only
blue print. daughter, Florence Merlina Bridge.
My declaration is that I think
fir.st The third way to get the correct A year ago, his wife Mary H. Bridge,
a very, very large amount of penman- form on his brain is to reproduce it; preceded him in death. In November,
ship is entirely useless. Pages and
pages, liundreds of them, thousands

draw it, if necessary not with pain, 1923, they celebrated their sixtieth
but with pains, not laborious]^-, but wedding aniversary.
of them, millions of them are good for thoughtfully, intelligently, studiously.
nothing. (Except, perhaps to the After graduating from college. Dr.
Now, do you get those three steps Bridge entered the ministry holding
man who sells the paper.) that I am trying to have you take ?
several appointments in and near the
The reason for this is that practice, See it. Study it. Reproduce it. Then
and practice, and practice is done with practice, when the practice has a defi-
city of Boston. He resigned after
twenty years as pastor, to assist in the
pens, but not with brains, with ships nite objective.
founding of the Chautauqua organi-
but not with charts, with tools but not Now let us try that formula on a
zation. Later he was associated with
with blue-prints. few letters. Take M. If we enclose a number of professional magazines
Oh yes, I know that students have M the figure is just about a perfect
as editor and contributor. At the
copy-books and text books Business — square. Now draw a line from bot-
tom of oval to top of last round top, time of his death he was associate
Educator, American Penman, and so Chaplain of the Orange Chapter of
forth; they have them on their desks, then a line across the tops, and we
Masons. For the past twenty-five
but they haven't them in their heads. have a triangle.
years he has been the librarian and
We have a slogan obtained in some Take small letter a. What one historian of the National Shorthand
text book on writing, "Penmanship is stroke labels the a? The students
Reporter's association. His fame as
largely a matter of the head." should be asked these questions before
By all this I mean that students —
being told the answers some time be-
a shorthand reporter and as a writer
on professional topics was inter-
practice penmanship, but they don't fore. One short line on main slant is
national.
study penmanship; they write but they the detail for the a. That same stroke
don't think into their writing. is the detail for k. Two parallel lines,
Let me illustrate: How long would a space high, furnish the detail for h The Oakland Secretarial School,
a student practice the wrong form of — the two down .strokes are parallel. Oakland, Calif., under the manage-
ment of Mr. and Mrs. B. C. Bacon,
M (like this, ) before he could The first part of the y is round; and
so on through the alphabet we can find has moved into new quarters with
make a good "M" ? How many pages
bright new rooms and more than twice
of the first would finally evolve into a distinguishing mark, a label, to tell
what the letter really is. the space it formerly occupied.
the second ? I live far away up in
Michigan and Pm now away down Another detail that helps to make
close to the border of North and South writing look its best is the arrange- A beautiful piece of engrossing has
— close to Tennessee —
and so I tremble ment of matter on page. The heading,
margin, punctuation, paragraphing,
been received from J. L. Davis, College
as I mention evolution, and yet 1 won- Hill, Ohio. The engrossing is on col-
der by what pi'ocess of evolution teach- etc., count tremendously in getting the
ored cardboard with gold, white, black
ers expect a blind looped, carelessly approval of the busines man. Really and red, making a very pleasing color
finished scrall to become k; a sharp he doesn't care anything about the effect. We hope to see more work
toped y, with unfinished loop resem-
Palmer Method, Zaner Method, or from Mr. Davis, and sometimes to
bling g, to become y; a form looking Spencerian. Really, he doesn't care have the pleasure of publishing a
like y's to become p, simply by prac- about Muscular movement, or arm specimen of his work.
tice. movement, but he does care about ap-
And yet if the student is not drilled, pearance and speed. The finished pro-
and drilled and drilled in the correct duct is his standard of measurement. CORRECTION
way to make y in his head, he will Just to recapitulate on the matter Through a misunderstanding, on the
never make a correct one on paper; he of brains in penmanship, we have a part of the program committee of the
must have a perfect letter in his brain little poem that is familiar to some National Penmanship Supervisors
before he has a nearly perfect one on of you: Convention, Mr. A. N. Palmer's name
his page... "Ah me, the while I .stop to think, was included in the tentative program
Now there are three steps in getting What Shakespeare did with pen and published in the April BUSINESS
the perfect one in his brain. The fir.st ink; EDUCATOR. It seems that in some
is to see it. That's a fine way. It pre- I wonder how his inkwas made. way the committee did not obtain Mr.
supposes a good text book, like oh — If blue or purple was the shade. Palmer's final consent to place his
name on the program.
well, like the one you are using in His pen, broad-nibbed and rather stiff.
/^ry-TX-yV^O-lP-C^L^^ C C'-S-t-i-fW-Z-^'J*-;"

'7^=-"-"^

,--^z^-«-<z--4-<i-^ .^

A supplementary page by Mr. G. D. Griael, whose work has appeared in the B. K. regularly several years ago.
^^^^U^/i^J^^^^fU^l/^ ^
The Teaching of Writing
By J. A. SAVAGE, Snperrisor of Writing, Omaha. Neb.

DEVICES letters would have to stop, as they


The Good Writing Brownie would be adrift, with nothing sure as
to where 'they would be. They also
A splendid little device for keeping wrote that it would be "awful" hard
the hand from tipping too far to the to start an honest life" where they
right is the good writing brownie had previously lived, "Everybody has
which can be easily sketched on the it in for a poor prisoner, you know"
Black board by the teacher. Children they sadly wrote. Then" the girls
like brownies. They readily enter into wrote to ask why they couldn't come
the spirit of trying to imagine that a out west where the people are big-
brownie is sitting on their wi-ists and hearted and generous, and where
make an effort to keep their wrists everybody, (including the fair corres-
nearly enough level to keep him from pondents) would be willing to give
falling off.
them a helping hand. They" answered A. M. MERY
to say how gladly they would do this
Mr. Mery, a teacher of penmanship
if they could, but "you see we have no
and commercial subjects in the Barnes
money, and they only give us five Commercial School, Denver, Col., is a
dollars when they turn us out. If native of Illinois. Like many com-
we could only scrape up fifty dollars mercial teachers he secured his first
or so apiece, we might do it," but who
teaching experience in the public
is there to lend us that much?"
schools. He is a teacher of high abili-
"What a shame!" exclaimed the ty with a genial disposition, and is re-
girls, "to think that after working
spected and liked by both students
hard all tliis time, they turn them out
and employers.
with a measley little five dollars!"
H. E. Barnes, President of the
Tlien the same thought came to both.
Barnes Commercial School, writes re-
They would just send those boys garding Mr. Mery as follows: "Mr.
"Cut A" shows the Brownie in a that hundred themselves. They had Mery has been with the school for
good humor as he is supposed to be that much in the bank, and of course seventeen years; first as a teacher in
when children let him ride on their the poor felows could pay it back when
the Bookkeeping Department, and
wrists while writing. they should come west and get jobs. since 1920, as principal of our Sales-
"Cut B" shows how he feels when And so the girl's hundred dollars went
manship Department. He secured his
they dump him off. east by the next mail, and the donors
noiTnal training in Illinois.
began an anxious watch of the mails "His most distinctive service to us,
MENTAL MEANDERINGS for_ the letter that would tell when
and we consider it a real service to
their prisoner friends would arrive.
(Continued from page 17) the profession, is the organization of
After weeks of this watchful waiting, a real course of Salesmanship and Ad-
twenty-five dollars per week. These they sent a letter of inquiry to the vertising, one of the most successful
girls not being sportively inclined, Society official, only to be sadly in-
and finding the Enworth League, the departments of our school. Tliis
formed by that worthy, that he "feared course was first organized at the re-
cafeterias and even the movies grow- he had been deceived" by these young quest of the Government to provide
ing dull as sources of emotional ex- men, as it appeared, that" after cashing
citement, conceived tliat life might
training for the Veterans Bureau
the checks the trustful girls had sent trainees, but has been continued as a
have rather more "kick" in it for them, they had hied them back to their
them, were they to embark in some permanent department of the school.
old haunts in Chicago, where, sad to We believe salesmanship is a field that
phase of "uplifting." Just then one relate, they had recently been again
of them happened to get hold of a many of the better business schools
arrested for pocket-picking." could well afford to enter in a far
letter from some official of an eastern And so it came about that the sob-
"prisoners aid" society. In this letter,
_ more comprehensive way than they
sister population of that California
was a touching appeal in behalf of two are doing at this time.
city has been reduced by two. "Mr. Mery has made a very close
"worthy young men" in an Indiana
penitentiary, who were anxious to cor-
study of penmanhsip, having charge
Mr. Earle P. Doyle of Hudson, of this work for our school, and in ad-
respond with some kindly sympathetic
Mass., is teaching this year in Drau- dition to writing a fine hand he is also
young women, preferably from the far ghon's Business College, Montgomery,
west, whose friendly letters might in- one of the best blackboard copy
spire the said young criminals to a
Ala. writers I have ever seen. Needless to
higher and nobler life when the "pri- Miss Florence M. Barrett of Wal- sav he thoroughly believes in the use
tham, Mass., is a new commercial of" THE BUSINESS EDUCATOR on
son gates should open" and they
would be free to "embark upon an hon- teacher in the Drake Business College the part of students."
est career." It all sounded deliciously at Perth Amboy, N. J. Mr. Merv is an enthusia.stic sup-
thrilling, and the girls at once gladly Mr. Daniel A. Manley of Maiden, porter of THE BUSINESS EDUCA-
fell for it. They would be only glad Mass., is a new commercial teacher TOR sending us largelists of sub-

to help cheer up the "poor boys," with


scribers from his students, and the
in the Drake Secretarial College at
uplifting letters, and soon they were students who come under Mr. Mery's
Union City, N. J.
doing it, the girls being assigned by instruction develop into good business
Mr. M. F. Higgins of Peabody, writers.
the Society official, one "unfortunate Mass., has recently been elected to
prisoner" each. Tlie correspondence
Mr. Mery's signature will appear on
teach commercial work in the High the Signature Page in a later issue.
proceeded interestedly for all parties, School of his home town.
and our two girls were proud as
peaches, over the "pathetic letters" Miss Ruth Poland has accepted a Miss Gertrude Wilson has recently
they got each week from their "poor temporary position with the Stoneham, accepted a position to teach in Wood's
boys" (It should be noted that all Mass., High School. Business School, 291 Broadway, New
criminals under thirty or thirty-five, Miss Helen Meiner of Plattsburg, York City.
are "poor boys"). After a while the N. Y., is a new teacher in the Com- Miss Sue Digby of Bi-smark, N. D.,
boys wrote that their time was about mercial Department of the Draper is a new teacher in the Butte Business
up, and that, alack, and alas, the High School, Schenectady, N. Y. College, Butte, Mon.
^^J^ud/n^d^^i&u^i/fr' ^
FAMOUS LETTERS

~y
\

\
^^•0-^^''t^^^
v\.vxr

\. vX

A uniiiut'. skillful Icltr r h.v F. B. Courtney.

To read caxily siehl alons (he k-llorii from the hollom up.
t^Jf^Uii/u^d^^^/iua^r' ^ 23

only instance in the whole army where


a Company Clerk was chosen on his
merits. He filled the position admir-
ably and soon learned Army Paper
Work. He was sent to an Off'icers'
Training- School and secured his gold
bars. About this time. Old Kaiser
Bii! cried "Kamerad" and beat it into
Holland where he is still the guest of
Holland.
Johnny was now out of a job and
he didn't know just what to do. He
had always wanted to go to college,
but he was now 24 years of age, and
so he hustled ofl" to see his old Prin-
cipal who had advised him when in
need. The Principal fixed it up where-
by Johnny could attend a Prep School
and help pay his way with his short-
hand and typewriting. He helped
gather laundry, waited on table and
in two years, he thought he would
These designs wei'e prepared by R.
R. Reed, Designer-Engrosser and Su-
F. B. COURTNEY try to enter one of the great univer-
pei'visor of Penmanship, Ferris Insti-
sities of the East. The dean of this
tute, Big Rapids, Mich. Usually such
Mr. Courtney is widely known as college refused his admittance on the
one of the most skillful penmen Amer- ground that Johnny had not gone nameograms are more or less a puzzle
ica has thus far produced. His ver- through High School. However, be but "he who runs" can "Reed" these.
satility is remarkable, for he can ex- that as it may, Johnny started to use
Mr. Reed is forging ahead rapidly as
ecute almost any style of penmanship his knowledge of Salesmanship. "If a penman, teacher, author and engros-
with ecxual skill. I don't make good," said Johnny, "I'll
ser. Keep an eye on him.
Moreover he is one of our leading have none to blame other than myself."
handwriting experts. Examination of He continued, "If I take the gamble, The BUSINESS EDUCATOR re-
stake my future, surely you have noth- cently some very excellent
received
forged or disputed handwriting and specimens from
ing to lose." This rather upset the handwriting the
his work in court giving testimony schools of San Antonio, Nueva Ecija,
now keep him very busy. old dean for he was not accustomed
to this "line" of talk from verdant
Philippine Islands. Some of the
Through his skill witli the pen he fourth grade specimens were up to
became known as a Penmanship Wiz- embryo freshman. The dean finally
allowed Johnny to enter conditionally. our Grammar Grade Certificate Stand-
ard. Now, through his work in dis- ard and the I-B work is some of the
puted handwriting, he is likely to be- Johnny hustled around and soon had best that we have ever seen. Mr.
come known as a Penmanship Sleuth. a position waiting on table, helping Luther Parker is Acting Division Su-
with furnaces and it was not long be-
His influence in favor of good pen- perintendent.
fore the old dean was using Johnny
manship is great and his ability to
in his ofi'ice. All this was fine for
detect fraudulent handwriting strikes $3000GIFT TO T. B. U.
terror to the heart of the forger.
Johnny because it kept him out of By Student Body.
mischief. Boys with too much time
Long may he flourish! The above recently appeared in the
on their hands usually find some form TilTin,Ohio, Daily Adveitiser as a
of mischief before long.
heading of the write-up of the Tiffin
WHAT'S IN A NAME The Classmates soon noted that Business University. The article
(Continued from page 18)
Johnny could take the lectui'es down spoke most favorably of the institu-
in shorthand and at night would pound tion, which is meeting with note-
writing, neither does it pay to cheat out a few extra carbons for a few worthy success.

through life do the best you can each cents. The result was that Johnny Through the establishment of a li-
day and you will be rewarded in the not only made money but met nearly brary in the school it is confidently
end. the entire clas in a social way. The predicted that the institution will be
However, the world does move and Sophomore year was a repitition of received into the Association of Junior
Johnny's father married and as is the first year's work, only it was Colleges of America. The alumni as-
often found in families, step-mothers strongly hinted that certain professors sociation is composed of over 1200
do not care much for the step-children. usually gave examinations from their graduates and it is their intention to
This thing worried Johnny and so he lectures. The orders for extra copies equip the new library with approxi-
went to his Principal with his troubles, of these lectures ran into the dozens mately four thousand volumes.
as so many boys and girls will do be- and Johnny was reaping the reward. The Association of the Junior Col-
fore they will go to their own parents. The Junior year was a repetition of leges of America is an organization
The life of any Principal is not all the other years, only it was getting composed of approved, fully accredited
sunshine; neither is it all cloudy for easier instead of harder for Johnny schools ofi"ering two and three year
where is there a teacher who would to make ends meet. The big football courses. The 'IMffin Business Univer-
not advise a youth when in trouble ? game found Johnny selling score sity has met every requirement for
It was deemed best to send Johnny books, getting quite a tidy sum. The admission with the exception of the
away from his father's storm and Senior year, he secured several library. In fact, the school's stand-
strife.The principal knew of a splen- agencies for college needs, and so with ards are higher than those required
did man, the Headmaster of a small the coming of his graduation, he took by the Association and it is hoped
Preparatory School who was in need inventory and found that he was therefore that its admission into the
of a young man of Johnny's accom- $2,000.00 ahead of his cash balance Association can be accomplished prior
plishments. He succeeded well in this at the beginning of his Freshman to the commencement which will be
position until the World War came year. held during the week of June 7.
along and Johnny was considered by All this goes to show that it does Mr. F. J. Miller is president of the
the Examining Board to be excellent not make much difference how one institution and A. M. Reichard is prin-
fodder for Kaiser Bill's cannon. He spells his name but what he does with cipal. We congratulate these men on
had not been in camp twenty-four his opportunities in life. There is no what they are accomplishing in the
hours before he was found to be the occasion to get "stuck up'! because our way of improving the standards in
only soldier qualified to become Com- ancestors came over a few years be- commercial education and on their suc-
pany Clerk. This is undoubtedly the fore our neighbors. cess in conducting their institution.
"

24
^^^^uJ/zi^d^^dfiOi^ ^
SOME REFLECTIONS ON non, a former Zanerian, is also con- Railway Company, and for the West
THE RADIO AND SHORTHAND nected with the institution. Texas Military Academy, also lectured
INCLUDING RESULTS OF RADIO on Hygiene, Physiology, and First .Aid
SHORTHAND CONTEST to that institution. Left this station
America, Mexico, France, Spain— for service at Headquarters Depart-

and now England join the nations
who have utilized the radio in the in-
ment of the Gulf, Atlanta, Ga., during
the Spanish-American War. Colonel
terest of the shorthand profession in of the "Livingston Immunes," a vol-
their respective countries. The New unteer Negro regiment with white offi-
York association of GreRg Shorthand cers, recruited for the War with Spain,
Teachers first gave broadcasting its but not mustered into Federal Service
proper place as a cooperative instru- on account of the early and sudden
ment when in 1923 this body, in co- termination of the war.
operation with representatives from After the close of the war was sta-
the Board of Education, New York tioned for five (5) years at Head-
City, conducted a contest in the city quarters Department of the Missouri
schools by this means. The response at Omaha, Nebr. While stationed in
was adequate and worth the effort. Omaha, was elected Supreme Physi-
Radio outfits were set up in the vari- cian and Medical Examiner of the
ous high schools and the dictation Bankers Union for two years. Author
given. Credit for this initial contest of a "Manual for Life Insurance Ex-
goes to Mr. Fred Siegel, of the Haaren aminations" in use for some years by
High School, whose suggestion and co- DR. ALBERT FENSCH Fraternal Insurance Societies.
operation in making it a success were Dr. Albert Fensch, of the Military From 1905 to 1912, sen-ed in the
thoroughly appreciated by all con- Information Bureau, Fort Sam Hous- Adjutant General's Department in the
cerned. ton, Texas, has for many years been Philippines, and was foreign corre-
The following year again saw this a very enthusiastic penmanship boos- spondent for the Omaha World-Her-
association conducting a radio con- ter. Dr. Fensch possesses all of the ald, and writer of many magazine art-
test, this time with a wider applica- certificates issued by THE BUSINESS icles and stories of the Far East, and
tion, including .stenographers in the EDUCATOR with the exception
of jungle life in the Philippines.
city. Later this was developed to in- the Professional Certifiicate, which he On return from the Orient was as-
clude students,teachers, steno- is now striving to win. At our request signed to duty at Chicago, but shortly
graphers and all those interested in he has given us some facts regarding afterward tranferred to Headciuarters
the "lithe and noble art," within the himself, which we take pleasure in Southern Department (now Hdqrs 8th
metropolitan area and outside of it. publishing. Dr. Fensch has had more Corps Area) at Fort Sam Houston,
On February 8, the New York City exciting experiences than the average Texas. Now on duty as Chief of In-
Gregg Shorthand Teacher's Associa- American, and has served his country formation Bureau, 2nd Division and
tion caused to be given dictation at well. Fort Sam Houston.
80, 100 and 120 words a minute each Bom April 9, 1857, in Spencer Member of Nebr. Lodge No. 1, A. F.
speed for a duration of three minutes. County, Indiana, of old Colonial and and A. M. of Omaha; St. Andrew's
Mr. Charles Lee Swem, twice world's Revolutionary stock. Moved to Iowa Chapter No. 618, Royal .A.rch Masons
shorthand champion read. New York, in 1868. (Scottish Constitution) of Hong-Kong.
Connecticut, New Jersey, Delaware, Educated at Princeton College, Mo., China; Knight of the Royal Order of
Maryland, Pennsylvania, and New Northern Mo. State Normal at Kirks- Scotland in Hong Kong, So. China and
Hampshire were represented in the ville. Mo., and Gem City Bus. College. Straits Settlements, and an affiliant
transcripts that were submitted. Miss Graduate of Southern Medical College, of this order in the provincial Grand
Susan M. Loomis was checker and Mr. .Atlanta, Ga., Class '90. Taught in Lodge of the United States; San An-
A. A. Bowie held the .stop-watch. No the district schools of Mo. and la., at tonio Chapter No. 3, Order of the
errors in dictation and no deviation in the age of 16, 17, and 18, and at the Eastern Star, Veteran Freemasons of
time! same time taught night writing Nebr., and one of the very few Amer-
Mr. Albert Balding, supervisor of schools, and for a short time was a icans to receive the degrees of "Hon-
commercial subjects in the High student teacher of penmanship in the how Hindai" Chinese Freemasons,
Schools of New York City, gave a Northern Mo. State Normal. Honorary Member of Naval and Mili-
most interesting and inspiring address, Served in the U. S. Armv in "Brad- tary Lodsre and Chapter, Scottish and
endorsing the use of the radio as a ford's Rough Riders" (Co. G. 19th English Freemasonry in Hong Kong,
means of increasing shorthand power. Infantry-Mounted.) and in the Medi- China, and of Lodge perla del Oriente
A short while aftei-wards Station cal Department, in the Indian Terri- No. 1034, S. C. of Manila, P. I.
WNYC caused the results to be broad- tory, Western Kans., Texas, Southern Member of Comanche Tribe No. 6;
cast and the members of the profes- Colorado, New Mex., Ariz., and North- Improved Order of Redmen, Atlanta,
sion were awarded gold medals in their ern Nebr., against hostile Cheyennes, Ga., Degree of Pocohontas Council No.
respective sections. Apaches, Utes and Sioux from 1877 to 1; San Antonio, Texas; Fratenial Or-
1888. Commended for meritorious der of Eagles Area No. 38. Omaha;
Your Educator is well named for it service at battle of Punished Woman's Council No. 415, Security Benefit As-
imparts a knowledge, by your expert Creek, Kans., and for carrying dis- sociation; Lodge No. 8, .Ancient Order
contributors, that is decidedly helpful patches through ho.stile Indian coun- of United Workmen, Council Bluff.s,
and instructive. To me your Educa- try, Oct., 1878. Participated in nu- Iowa; Charter member and first Medi-
tor is inspirational. merous engagements, skirmishes, ex- cal FJxaminer, Sam Houston Comp. No.
H. S. VAN DWYN. peditions, etc., with hostile tribes, and 55; Woo<lnien of the World, San An-
59 Pine St., wounded in line of duty. tonio; Charter member .'Mamo post No.
New York Citv, N. Y. During a tour of dutv in the Medical 2, .'\merican IjOgion, San .'Antonio;
Department at Fort McPhorson, (At- Past Provincial Grand President of the
The Guthrie Bu.s.iness College, Guth- lanta) Ga., was Surgeon for the Street Fraternal Order of Eagles in the
rie, is issuing a very attractive
Okla., Railway system of that city, and for Philippines; Past Garrison Command-
school catalogue which is profusely the Southern Cotton Oil Mills near the er Army and Navy Union; Member
illustrated with schoolroom scenes, post. Was the first Superintendent of of Gen. Geo. .\. Custer Garrison No.
photos of former pupils, penmanship the Henry W. Grady Hospital of At- 2, and National Aide with rank of Col-
and even art. lanta. onel .Army and Navy Union; National
W. A. Botts, with whom our readers In 1893, came to San Antonio, Texas, .Aide with rank of Colonel National
are familiar, is president and head of for duty in the office of Chief Surgeon, Indian War Veterans of the U. S.
the penmanship and art department, Department of Texas, and while on Family consists of wife, two sons
P. A. Botts is manager, and E. R. Ver- this duty, was Surgeon for the Street and one daughter.
f^^^ud/zn^iU^^^ei^iu^i/^ ^ 2S

Ornamental Penmanship
By H. L. DARNER. Samson Motor Co., Pittsbargh, Pa.

L..^:<^>i

-z^'e'-i^i^'^^^'i'ey^t^-i^i'-i^t::?^^

PAYING TUITION at a distinct saving in time and money, S. E. LESLIE INJURED


All private business schools charge and because of its recognized import- On Monday, April 12, Mr. Leslie
tuition. It is their only means of sup- ance in the business field as a stimu- was very seriously injured in an acci-
port. They collect tuition from stu- lating and educating influence. In dent. His machine was hit by a fast
dents who come to them voluntarily. addition it is improving the technique train near Bedford, Ohio. His right
They have no way of securing attend- of business means of the stream of leg was badly broken, his head was
ance except upon the basis of merit- trained poung people that it is con- severely cut and his right wrist was
orious work. No student need attend stantly pouring into offices, factories cut to the bone.
a private school unless he wishes to do and shops. The doctors report that, at best, it
so— and, of course, the only thing that Ask any graduate of a good busi-
ness school and he will tell you that
will be several months before he will
be in condition to do anything.
induces any young person to patronize
it does pay to pay tuition. Mr. Leslie is well known as one of
a private school is the fact that it will
pay him to do so. From "The Review" published by the fine penmen of our country. His
Why does it pay to pay tuition ? the Lawrence, Kans., Business College. engrossing is of the most modern kind
There are several answers, the first and of the highest order of excel-
of which is that the private business lence.
school is so organized as to be able to We know that the penmanship and
offer a type of educational sen'ice engrossing fraternities will be pained
that cannot be developed elsewhere. to learn of the accident and join the
In the second place, it saves time publishers of this journal in wishing
for the student, and nothing is more him a speedy and complete recovery.
valuable than time.
In the third place, it is not shackled Miss Eloisa A. Salinas, a normal
by conventions. Boards of Education, school teacher of Mexico City, Mex-
or political demands of interested pei- ico, favored us with a large package
sons, and is, therefore able to adjust of her pen work including lettering,
itself quickly to changing conditions It is some of the best work we have
and to keep its work at all times in ever had the pleasure of receiving
close harmony with the progress of from Mexico.
business.
In the fourth place, it does not look ORIGINAL MASTERPIECES
upon its work as finished when it has
conferred the honors of graduation From our Greatest Penmen, Ames, Taylor.
Madarasz. Zaner, Flickingrer. Moore, Cozart,
upon its students. It places them in Dennis and others that have passed on. I
positions, follows them into business will pass on to others, for reasonable prices.
and aids them to secure advancement. A rare opportunity to secure specimens of
hiKh quality. My book Practical Paying Pen-
The private business school is grow- work, 2nd Ed. 50c. Printed Specimens 10c.
C. A. FAUST,
ing in popularity because of the great 1024 N. Robey St., Chicago, III., Treasun D. L. STODDARD
sen'ice that it renders to its students National Commercial Teachers' Fedcratii R. R. 4, Box 141 Indianapolis, Ind.
^ ^MJ^^uJ//i^U^<^<t/iu^i/^ ^
Signatures of Women Penmen
Here is a surprise for jou. These signatures are by women engaged in ihe handwriting profession. We have experienced some difficulty in se-
curing signatures, for many have never prepared work for engraving, some are bashful, and some as one says, "do not waste time practicing
on a name which may be discarded."
Send in your signatures written in black ink and we shall try to publish them in a later issue.

C-<^C'2,-(l.<£-<2^1<^

^W^.1^ ^^.r^99pQJ^^^^

Olive A. Mellon Supervisor of WiitinK Atlantic City. N. J.


Lena Kuntz . Junior HiKh School New Castle. Pa.
Olive M. Adams Super\isor of Writing Beverly, Mass.
Emerit E. Booth Supervisor of Wrilinpr Warren. Ohio.
Helen E. Cotton SuperMsor of Wntinjj Schenectady, N. Y.
Mabel VoKan Supenisor of Writing Fairmont, W. Va.
Dorothy LeGallcy Ass t Supr of WntinK Atlantic City. N J
Mollye F. Richardson BowlinR Ky.
OiX'en.
Ethelind M. Phelps . Normal School StroudsbuiK. Pa.
May S. Boe . Market School Canton. Ohio.
Nine Christie Public Schooli ClarksburB. W. Va.
Lois S. Jacob Zaner Bloser Co „ > Columbus. Ohio.
Jennie E. Markcl Super\i»»oi of Writini; McKccsport. Pa.
Agnes M. Riblct AnKola Normal School „ Angola, Ind.
Irene Tauchen Public Schools Omaha. Neb.
AnReline Tauchen AshlHiid Park School Omaha. Neb.
Marcaret M. Marble ..Walnut Hills Hich Sc ho Cm Ohii
— —
dUr MJ^u^/wd^d^^iua/fT- ^ 27

MR. MEADOWS SAYS:


Develop initiative. Learn to do
things vi-ithout being told. This is one
of the greatest assets any young man
or woman can have. It Will get him
vl/ here as Jit tVie course of
.

or her ahead quicker than anything


else.
Be neat, orderly, systematic, and
quiet in all your work. Everybody
likes neat work. Everyone likes to
see an orderly desk and an orderly
o-
office. Everyone likes to see a person
go about his work in a systematic,
quick manner. Loud talking- with
other employees, with visitors, or over
the telephone, should always be
avoided.
Please bear in mind that you write
your own recommendation figuratively
speaking. This applies from the time gplw W-
—W— ^?
W
your first enter school until the day
you leave this school. In other words,
you are judged by your personality,
your application, your attitude, and Viae* founb it necepaarv to
your progress. It, therefore, behooves
you to watch your conduct at all times.
Mr. Meadows is President of Drau- terminate hie rclationsliip
ghon's Business College, Shreveport,
La.
tuith the 3 etueltv, inbuetr y
THE TAUCHEN GIRLS

iwlaecause of
the^e axcwxie*iaxic5
gn cock has felt that
PlPP^^^Ii tequireb the sever-
ance of his connection u?ith

Practical engrossing by H. E. Miles, Providence, R. I., 20 Wilcox Bldg. Mr. Miles did this piece

Irene Angelina of work very rapidly but at the same time secured a very beautiful effect. The time put into
a piece of work must be governed by the price receivei . Mr. Miles believes in giving more than
Two of the most popular and skill-
he receives, which is not a bad idea.
ful girls in the 192.5 Zanerian Summer
School were the Tauchen sister.s who
came to the Zanerian from Omaha
with Mr. Savage, one of the special After completing their high school graph with some of her work. She has
instructors. Both girls were trained work both girLs took three years of also received much publiicty for her
in the Omaha Public Schools and High work in the University of Omaha and talent as a pianist. Radio fans have
Schools under the supervision of H. E. one year in Creighton University and heard her over W. A. A. W. At the
Clausen and J. A. Savage, whei'e the both expect to receive their Bachelor Zanerian her playing was enjoyed
Zaner-Bloser Method of writing has of Arts degree in June. Both won immensely and was the life of all en-
been used for years. Professional Certificates from the tertainments.
The girls showed exceptional ability Zanerian College. Irene was crowned queen of the
in penmanship while in the grades. Irene teaches music and penman- Omaha Industrial Exposition and later
Angeline at the age of fourteen won ship in the city schools of Omaha. was crowned queen of the Omaha
fii"st honors in a penmanship contest Angeline teaches penmanship in the Manufacturers' Association in which
in the Omaha Schools in which 15,000 largest rural school (Ashland Park 14,000,000 votes were cast. She was
pupils participated. The next year School) in the United States. These presented with a $150.00 gold watch.
she again won first place in a pen- girls are securing excellent results and Angeline worked as a stenographer
manship contest in Central High are enjoying their work. before taking up teaching. She also
School. At the same time Irene won Before teaching school Irene was a has received much publicity in the
first place in the High School of Com- policy writer for the Bankers Resei^ve Omaha papers for her ability in pen-
merce penman.ship contest. Both Insurance Company of Omaha. The manship.
schools have 25,000 specimens of pen- Omaha papers commented highly on Yes, Omaha is proud of her Tauchen
manship exhibited in the grades. her pen work and published her photo- girls, and so is the Zanerian.
:

28 ^ ,^J^uJ//t^^(^^i^iua/h-

^& ^-^b-^ii^ 's^ EDWARD C. MILLS


Script Specialists
P. O. Drawer 982 ROCHESTER, N. Y.
The finest script for Booklceeping Illu*-
trations, etc., copy for which is prepared
for the engraver. Send copy for estimate.

IMROS!

/d^ ^sC^
Here's a suggestion, — when yOD have an announcem
in your own handwriting and send it to the B. E. 1
by D. Beauchamp, Frost Bldg., Los Angeles, Calif.
ORNATE CARDS Written by Dobson are the
biggest treat out at the price. White 2oc
Mr. N. Porter of Branchville,
V. Mrs. Mary D. White of Greenfield, colored cards 35c per doz. Belter than many
N. J., is a new commercial teacher in Mas.s., ha.s recently been elected to lit far higher jirice. Thousands written,
the Bryant and Stratton College of teach commercial work in the Spring TH.\TS WHY.
Baltimore. Valley, N. Y., High School.
PALL W. DOBSON. Penman
CUrinelon, P>.
PENMANSHIP BY MAIL
Thorough course in Business writing by a
graduate of the "Mills School." Pen-written
WANTTTTI
'' -"^^^ J.X-lA->
Penm.-n and
g{ Penmanship
all students
stud
to try
copies, lyjiewritten instructions, red-ink criti- Mcub's Professional Oblique Penholder. I guar-
cisms. Sec style in this Business Educator. antee you will do better penmanship, because
I adjust each holder to make true, clear-cut
shades. Made of the finest imported woods,
and with Parisian Ivoi-y.
inlaid The cost is
?1..S0 and you may pay the postman.
Your money back if not satisfied.
A. P. MEUB, Expert Penman
2365 Mar Vists Ave. Pasadena, California

74 Barton Ave. TORONTO, ONT.


T. H. MILLER
.Shadlnj; Pen .\rtist
Specimen.^ from 25c to $5.00. Enclose
.350 for challenge specimen. Mail
CDur.se circular free.
T. H. MILLKR
Main St. ( HAKLK.STON, MO.

KV 1-: U Y () NE interested in the


knowledge gained by 35 years of
experimental research, in an effort
to discover the foundation for de-
veloping muscular control, by one
who feels certain he has .succeeded,
should send .i5c for 1 doz. written
cards or 65c for 2 doz. in book
case to
F H TULLIS
Kill BlakeSt.
'
DENVER, COLO.
Your money back if you are
disappointed.

By Arthur P. Myers York. Pa.


^ .^J.^fAi//i^J^^^/iU^l^h- ^ 29

pen No. 20. finish. Connect parts of letters with


DESIGNING & Study the forms and proportions of
each letter quite carefully and practice
a fine pen. When you have once mas-
tered pen handling, you will find alpha-
ENGROSSING on each until you acquire a certain
degree of mastery before taking up
bets like these comparatively easy
after memorizing the leading char-
the next, following this plan through acteristics of each letter. Of course
the alphabet. First rule the top and uniform size, slope and spacing must
base lines to govern height of letters, be observed in all lettering.
whicli should be about one-half inch Suggestions Use good materials
apart. Retouch and correct inaccura- to insure best results. We prefer two
We offer for your attention this cies here and there with a fine pen. or three-ply cardboard and Zanerian
month a variety of lettering suitable Use a No. 3 pen for alphabet number ink. Broad pointed lettering pens are
for various pui-poses, including win- two, and a No. 2^2 pen for the tliird, made by several manufacturers, all
dow price cards and general marking excepting that part of alphabet writ- tolerably good.
where speed and ten with a No. 20 double pointed pen. Always send your best eff'orts as
Speed Lettering legibility count as Varying the slope, size and style of careless indifferent work is really a
With Broad Pens, important factors. lettering, and size of the pen, gives a waste of time on your pai't and mine.
You will need let- very interesting variety in the writ- Its a pleasure to criticise the work
tering pens of the following numbers: ten page. Add relief line to words of an honest, painstaking and hard-
1%, 2, 2%, 3 and a double pointed "Speed Lettering" and the figures for working student.

tniMPE

i4»«i»i&»:

ymPMFMM
^ ^^Jr^BuJ/n^SA'i^^&u^a/fr ^

W£M€ ^'M¥S^: @Sir^:R

WANTED— Positio
Teacher.
592, care
Experien
The Bu
FOR SALE CHEAP
Ohio. A business college with IS
back of it for less than on
WANTED— Position as Commercial Teacher. A small payment down, bala
Specialty, Penmanship. Exi>erience. Address
Box 593 care The Busii ess Educator, Colum-
bus, Ohio. AN ORNAMENTAL STYLE. My course in
Ornamental Penmanship has helped hundred!
become PROFESSIONALS. Send for proof.
is rendered by THE OHIO TEACHERS Your name on cards, (six styles) if you send
finding for trained and experienced 10c. A. P. MEUB. Expert Penman, 2365 Mar
teachers or those just out of college or normal school the kind of positions desired. Our calls Vista Ave.. Pasadena. Cal.
come direct from school officials and we recommend direct. Write for hnokle* a* onTe. We
operate in every State.

The Ohio Teacher's Bureau, 71 East State Street, Columbus, Ohio MIGM GRADE

The Free Enrollment.


WEST and ALASKA
Splendid Opportunities.
Write
More
Now
than registrations last year.
Diplomas^-
CERTinCATES.
E. L. HUFF TEACHERS AGENCY MISSOULA. MONTANA

AN ART SUPPLEMENT (Fourteen by Twenty Inches) Cataloe and Samples Free

Giving actual size patterns for cut-outs and illustrated HOWARD & BRO^VN
directions for construction problems, comes with
ROCKLAND. MAINE.
THE SOUTHERN SCHOOL JOURNAL, LEARN PENMANSHIP AT HOME
NEWPORT, KY. Information about my courses in Business and
will be sent you upon
Beginning with January, 1926. Ornamental WritinK
request. Correct Calling Cards. 35c doz.
(Send for sample copy.) Diplomas made and filled.

There are many penholders on the market but the MAGNUSSON PROFES- ;

SIONAL is the only penholder that has won its reputation on its own merit for
ornamental writing. The thin stem which is so desirable cannot be made 8uc-
cessfutly 1 automatic lathe, therefore they are HAND MADE of selected rosewood. (Look NEW CASTLE. PA.
for the b The A. "Magnusson Professional" hand turned holders are adjusted especially
for penm 8 inch plain, each 36c: 8 inch inlaid, 75c; 12 inch plain, 75c; 12 inch

A. MAGNUSSON, 208 N. 5th STREET, QUINCY, ILL. DIPLOMAS


ONE OR A THOUSAND
A PROFITABLE VOCATION Forms all departments produced
for
by every process to meet your reijuire-
Learn to letter Price Tickets and Show Cards. CLEAN CUT LET-
It is easy to do RAPID. ments.
TERING with our improved I-etterinp; Pens. MANY STUDENT.S AKE ENABLED TO CON-
TINUE THEIR STUDIE.S THROUGH THE COMPEN.SATION RECEIVED BY LfrTTEKING Samples and estimate sent on re-
PRICE TICKETS AND SHOW CARDS, FOR THE SMALLER MERCHANT, OUTSIDE OF
SCHOOL HOURS. Practical IctterinK outfit consistins of 3 Markinit and 3 Shading Pens. 1
(luest. You must tell us the quantity
^ color of Lettering Ink. sample Show Card in colors, instructions, figures and alphabets as it governs the pro-rata cost. Our
.^
A^
O _ prepaid 11.00.
m

PRACTICAL COMPENDIUM OF COMMERCIAL PEN LETTER-
1.11
,11 „^ ING AND DESIGNS 100 Pages 8x11, contain-
50 years' experience may be of help
T

1_ J ,

i1=HfcMi==i«|
, 1

122 plates of Commercial Pen alphabets


finished Show Cards in colors, etc. a complete—
to you.

Mnrk Catalogue free instructor for the Marking and Shading Pen,
prepaid. One Dollar.
AMES & ROLLINSON
Tha Newton Auton Shadinii P« Dcpl. B PONTIAC. MICH.. U. S. A. 206 Broadway NEW YORK CITY.
^ f!^^^r3^Uii/n^iU'^i(/iu^i/fr'
DAY AFTER DAY—I am
"Your book. 'Penmanship Made Easy to Both
Teacher and Student,' meets a definite need. It
fills a long-felt need, etc." A book that YOU
told:

New Evidence
will use daily. 120 pages. 75 cents per copy. Your agency has rendered valuable ser\ice to me I needed it. I have always felt that
H. M. HILL. Box 725. Columbia, S. C.
you had a better grasp on business conditions than any oth. the field, particularly the
business conditions in business colleges. I have also felt that you re better acquainted with
business men. This is a valuable asset in any teachers' agency.

Teachers Wanted I was always well pleased with your


to your efforts at the proper time.
!
isider has been largely due

Pennian.'iliip or Commercial, December 3. 1925. . M. Winkleman.


Fine Salaries. Not«: After Mr. Winkleman had made an ex reputation as a high-grade commercial
teacher in the East, we placed him twice in the
NATIONAL TEACHERS AGENCY schools.
West, the last time with the Minneapolis
A few years ago he decided to join the employing low owner of the
Philadelphia, Pa. Duluth. Minnesota. Business University, where he is conducting a first-cl; school.
Pittsburgh. Pa. Syracuse, N. Y.
Indianapolis, Ind. Northampton, Mass. May we help you ?
THE NATIONAL COMMERCIAL TEACHERS AGENCY— (A Specialty by a Specialist)
E. GAYLORD. Mgr. Prospect Hill. BEVERLY. MASS.
Engrossing Position WANTED
Have
studios
had
of
18
the
years'
East.
experience
Can do all kind of
in large TEACHERS WE PLACE YOU
Established 1906
'^IfTioNs'"
engrossing. Am a nephew of the late W. We enroll only Normal and College Gradnat««
E. Dennis. BRANCH OFFICES:
H. E. MILE.S RockrMrTEACHtRs Portland, Ore. Minneapolis. Minn. Kansas Citr, Ma.
20 Wilcox Bldg. PROVIDENCE, R. I.
4IO U.S. Nat. Bank Bldc. Denver. Colo. N W. Balk llde. UnBir Eichaiee lliltt Bl<(.

FOR SALE— Business School in splendid ter-


ritor>'. Well equipped. Possession any time.
Address Box .590, Care The Business Educa-
ALBERT TEACHERS' AGENCY
tor, Columbus, Ohio.
, Chicago, III, Symes Bldg.. Denver. Colo.
York City. Peyton Bldg., Spokane, Waah.
Forty-First year. We have secured PROMOTION for many thousands
LARGE EASTERN COMMERCIAL I
of teachers. A large percentage of these were men and women in
SCHOOL COMMERCIAL BRANCHES. We need well prepared teachers for good
nea r New York City looking for corabina- positions in high grade schools. Our booklet contains a message for
tion teacher an d field man, with emphasis you. Send for it.
on the latter. Give all details. Address
Box 589, Care Business Educator Colum- ,

bus Ohio. POSITIONS FOR TEACHERS-


BUSINESS COLLEGES FOR SALE
Splendid salaries, choice positions, beginning and experienced teachers wanted.
Write for free literature state qualifications briefly. Money making busineu
:

WANTED: Tc buy publ


colleges for sale. Write for particulars —
no charge.
c or pri- Address M. S. COLE. Sec'y.
vate school furniture and fix- CO-OPERATIVE INSTRUCTORS ASS'N,
tures.
41 Cole Bldg., MARION, IND.
Address Box 591, care of Bu incss Edu-
cator, Co lumbus, Ohio

September Calls for High School Commercial


Teachers from 31 States!
We now have on file direct calls for commercial in.structors from
superintendents in 31 different states. Other calls are coming in
daily. If you desire a better position for September, try our

CONTINENTAL TEACHER S' AGENCY


BOWLING GREEN, KENTUCKY.

GET THIS SERVICE Space in more than fifty magazines,


direct methods, and contact with
15,000 members, keeps us in touch with leading schools and
colleges. Commercial teachers are in demand. If on our list,
POLK'S REFERENCE BOOK you won't miss the good openings. Write for details.
FOR DIRECT MAIL ADVERTISERS
Shows how increase your business by
to
the use of Direct Mail Advertising. 60 pages
full of vital business facts and figures. Who,
where and how many prospects you bave.
Over S.OOO lines of business covered.
TTrite for your FREE
copy. Specialists' Educational Bureau
R. L. POLK & CO., Detroit, Mich.
a07 POLK BUILDING Robert A. Grant, President, Odeon Bldg., St. Louis, Mo.
Branche of U. S.
script in the body of this design was
executed standing, for the reason that
as yet no accomodations have been

^mmi arranged for anything of this kind.


They were obliged to live out in a
garden for several months after the
earthquake.
Brother Silva is to be congratulated
on his ability to do such creditable
work, and especially while handi-
cappeil as he is. The following is a
^^^ brief but interesting sketch of the
Til IS Certifies That life of this man who regards himself
simply as an amateur but whose love
for good penmanship is so strong: In
1905 he attended the Pol>^echnic Busi-
ness College, Oakland, Calif. After
graduation he secui'ed a position with
the Pacific Mutual Life Insurance Co.,
San Francisco, and also kept books
for two years. In 1917 he entered the
Franciscan Order where he has kept
up his nen work as a hobbv. He gives
THE BUSINESS EDUCATOR credit
for his skill in the following words:
.>,',/ /„,,/,, *,'„>/',!,, y,^/>,: //,^.
7/ "I am sending you in a separate
a specimen of my pen work, which I
tube

had promised you last year, to show


you how much I have learned through
your excellent magazine."
When one reaches the skill with a
pen that Brother Silva has reached,
The from which the above
original will recall that this Old Mission was pen work does, indeed, become very
reproduction was made and executed demolished by the terrible earthquake fascinating, ancl we imagine that after
on a sheet 19 x 22 V2 by Brother Ser- which visited that part of the country his other duties are finished he finds
aphin Silva, 0. F. M., of the Fran- not a great while ago. penmanship a most interesting and
ciscan Fathers in the Old Mission at We know that all who read this will delightful hobby, as well as the source
Santa Barbara, Calif. Our readers be surprised when they learn that the of something in the way of income.
:

^^J^UiU'n^d^iSti^iu^a^r' ^ as

BOOK REVIEWS is
The aim
to
of "Essentials of Commercial Law"
in the student's mind such a
develop
knowledge of commercial law as will enable
STATEMENT OF THE OWNERSHIP. MAN-
AGEMENT, CIRCULATION, ETC.. RE-
QUIRED BY THE ACT OF CON-
Our readers are interested in books of merit, him. in conducting his business or profession GRESS OF AUGUST 24, 1912,
but especially in books of interest and value later, to proceed within his legal rights, con- Of THE BUSINESS EDUCATOR, published
to commercial teachers, including books of serving his own best interests without tres- monthly except July and August, at Colum-
special educational value and books on busi- passing upon the rights of others. bus, Ohio, for April 1926.
ness subjects. All such books will be briefly State of Ohio.
reviewed in these columns, the object being to County of Franklin, ss
give sufficient description of each to enable Letters From Famous People, by Before me. a Notary Public, in and for the
oar readers to determine its value. State and county aforesaid, personally ap-
Sharpless D. Green. Published by peared E. W. Bloser, who, having been duly
Rapid Business Arithmetic, by R. W. the Gregg Publishing Company., sworn according to law, deposes and says that
M. Gibbs. Published by Oxford New York City. Cloth cover, 362 he is the Editor of THEBUSINESS EDU-
pages. CATOR, and that the following is, to the
University Press, American Branch, best of his knowledge and belief .a true state-
New York City, N. Y. Cloth cover The letters presented in this book were
written by those big-hearted men and women,
ment of the ownership, management (and if
165 pages. a daily paper, the circulation) etc., of the
,

who, having made good in their chosen call- aforesaid publication, for the date shown in
The aim of this book is to bridge the gulf ings, had the interest in the young people of
between the Arithmetic of the school-room and the above caption, required by the Act of
today to write them a message of help and August 24, 1924. embodied in section 443.
that of a Business House. It provides a train- inspiration, so that those about to place their
ing in mental arithmetic and in new and Postal Laws and Regulations, printed on the
feet on the lower rounds of the ladder typify- reverse of this form, to wit:
rapid methods of calculating suitable for the
ing success may have a broad, clear view of 1. That the names and addresses of the
latter years of a school course or for those
the finest type of business men and women. publisher, editor, managing editor, and busi-
who have already left school and find them-
selves slow at figures. The book is not an ness managers are:
Arithmetic only, it is one of reference. It is Publisher, The Zaner-Bloser Company, Co-
hoped that the Tables at the end will justify A Neglected Factor in Education, bv lumbus. Ohio. 612 N. Park.
its position in any office. The table of Ex- George E. Walk, Ph. D., Dean, Editor. E. W. Bloser. Columbus, Ohio. 612
change from the dollar to the pound sterling N. Park.
Teachers College, Temple Univer- Managing Editor. E. A. Lupfer. Columbus,
gives the value for every one thirty-second of
a point from 4.84 to 4.S7 to seven places of sity, Philadelphia. Published by the Ohio. 612 N. Park.
decimals. The chapter on the Stock Exchange Gregg Publishing Company., New Business Managers, none.
2. That the owners are: (Give names and
includes a practical and detailed account of the York City. Paper cover, 76 pages.
actual arithmetic of buying and selling. addresses of individual owners, or. if a cor-
This monograph frankly makes an attempt poration, give its name and the names and
to present some considerations that the writer addresses of stockholders owning or holding 1
Gregg Shorthand Junior Manual, by confidently believes are so, but are not gen- per cent or more of the total amount of
erally known. It seeks to traverse a domain
John Robert Gregg Published by
.
as rich in possibilities as a fabled El Dorado.
stock.)
E. W. Bloser. Parker Bloser.
the Gregg Publishing Co., New In the spirit of pioneer research, this mono- R. E. Bloser. E. A. Lupfer.
York. Cloth cover, 168 pages. graph explores a "River of Doubt." but it Rebecca Bloser. R. B. Moore.
The purpose of the Gregg Shorthand Junior steers its course by definite markings, and it 3. That the known bondholders, mortgagees,
Manual is to provide a simple presentation of has a specific goal in view. It tries to avoid and other security holders owning or holding
Gregg Shorthand for the pre-vocational study dogmatism, but it does not evade responsibility. 1 per cent or more of total amount of bonds,
of the subject in the Junior High Schools and It aims to appraise facts at their proper values, mortgages, or other securities are: (If there
other schools where shorthand is not studied and it claims no validity for its conclusions are none, so state.) None.
for vocational purposes. that the acid test of practice may not justify. 4. That the two paragraphs next above,
giving the names of the owners, stockholders,
Essentials of Commercial Law, by and security holders, if any. contain not only
LEARN POLICY ENGROSSING and receive the list of stockholders and security holders
Wallace H. Whigam, M. S., LL. M., a good salary. Twelve lessons will prepare as they appear upon the books of the com-
Carl Schurz High School and Walton you to do the work. My experience of over pany but also, in cases where the stockholder
School of Commenrce, Chicago, 111., tweWe years as policy writer enables me to or security holder appears upon the books of
give guaranteed satisfaction. Terms, address. the company as trustee or in any other fidu-
assisted in revision by C. Martin ciary relation, the name of the person or
Alsagei% M. A., J. D. Lindblom corporation for whom such trustee is acting,
is given also that the said two paragraphs
High School, Chicago, 111. Published ;

contain statements embracing affiant's full


bv the Gregg Publishing Companv, ^J^>u^e-z,-^ knowledge and belief as to the circumstances
New York City .Cloth cover, 365 and conditions under which stockholders and
security holders who do not appear upon the
pages. 501 Pleasant St. HAMMONTON. New Jersey.
books of the company as trustees, hold stock
and securities in a capacity other than that
of a bona fide owner and this affiant has no
reason to believe that any other person, as-
sociation, or corporation has any interest or
indirect in the said stock, bonds, or other se-
curities than as so stated by him.
5. That the average number of copies of
each issue of this publication sold or dis-
tributed, through the mails or othen,vise, to
paid subscribers during the six months pre-
ceding the date shown above is^(This infor-
mation is required from daily publications
only.)
E. W. BLOSER,
(Signature of editor).
Sworn and subscribed before me
to this 27th
day of March, 1926.
'-^^ (Seal)
EARL A. LUPFER.
CMy commision expires Jan. 11. 1929).

HARVARD UNIVERSITY
offers

^'7'7n--ey'L-<^^rz^.^^L<£'e^c^ Coarses for Leadership in Commercial


Education in its Summer Session.
Send for Bulletin Director Summer School
University Hall, Cambridge, Mass.

Mailing Lists

by Rene Guillard. Evanston, HI.


34 MJ.^uJ//t^^^^^iu^j^ ^

GROVE CITY COLLEGE Bookkeeper's Journal


Summer Session MONTHLY MAGAZINE OF
Bookkeeping, Accounting and Commerce
June 22 to August 20, 1926.
Edited and published in the interest of The American
A broad schedule of courses for teachers Bookkeeper's Association and The Bookkeeping professions
in Keneral.
and administrators of elementary and sec- Contains articles written by successful accountants of
National reputation on all phases of bookkeeping and ac-
ondary schools. counting.

Special opportunities for teachers in HELP.S BOOKKEEPERS TO


Increase their KNOWLEDGE of bookkeeping.
Junior and Senior High Schools. Unusual Increase their EFFICIENCY in office methods and i.ro-
ccdure.
advantages for teachers of commercial Increase their ABILITY to render better service to their
subjects. Courses will be offered in Ac- employer.
Increase their EARNING CAPACITY.
counting, Business Administration, Com-

Subscription Price $1.30 per year 8 Mos. $1.00
merce, Commercial Education, Economics, Introductory Offer to new subscribers for a short time only
Shorthand, Typewriting, etc. TWO YEARS FOR
$2.00
Excellent dormitories. Healthful climate.
Recreational opportunities. Mail Coupon Today

Further information may be had by applying to BOOKKEEPER'S JOURNAL,


41S-E Chamber of Commerce Bldg..
Cleveland, Ohio.
REGISTRAR H. O. WHITE
Enclosed please find 5 for which send me
or
the BOOKKEEPER'S JOURNAL -...years.

PRESIDENT WEIR C. KETLER, Name _ -


GROVE CITY. PA.
Address -

B> FraiiriB H. C
^ .^^3^uJi/t^U^(^4;/iu^i^^ u

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in your spare time at home.
Thirty Lesson Plates and
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two dollars. Cash or P. O.
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Lettering
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Gillott's Pens
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clu& rates to schools and teachers. Sample
copies Bent on request.
THE AMERICAN PENMAN
55 Fifth Avenue NEW YORK
oJpecial auen^ioa given HAVE YOU SEEN THE
'(o reproduction ofScript

and T>enmans]iip Copies


JOURNAL OF COMMERCIAL
EDUCATION?
(formerly the Stenographer &
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A monthly magazine covering all depart-
En^ravin^ Co. ments of Commercial Edacation.
Strong departments presided over by well-
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/, Designei^s :;' business administration, accountancy, and

B Illustrators ()
court reporting.
THE ONLY MAGAZINE OF ITS
JOSEPH GILLOTT & SONS
KIND PUBLISHED SOLD BY ALL STATIONERS
Colxiitibixs, Ohio Single copy 15c. Annual subscription 11.60
Send for Sample Copy.
JOURNAL OF COMMERCIAL EDUCATION Alfred Field & Co., Inc., Sole Agents
44 N. 4th St. PHILADELPHIA, PA. 93 Chambers St. NEW YORK CITY
PENMANSHIP SUPPLIES
Prices subject to change without notice. Cash should accompany all orders.
All goods go postpaid except those listed to go by express, you to pay express charges. Of
course, when cheaper, goods listed to go by express will be sent by parcel post, if you pay
charges.

PENS PAPERS
Zanerian Fine Writer Pen No. 1. Zanerian 5 tb Paper (wide and narrow rule):
gr $1.75 U gr $ .50 1 doz $ .20 1 pkg. iif 240 sheets by express $1.50
Zanerian Ideal Pen No. 2, Zanerian Medial
Pen No. Zanerian 6 lb Paper (wide and narrow rule):
Pen No. 3, Zanerian Standard 4,
1 pkg. of 240 sheets by express $2 ;)0
Zanerian Falcon Pen No. 5, Zanerian Busi-
ness Pen No. 6. Zanerian 7 lb Paper (wide rule):
1 pkg. of 240 sheets by express $2-^.'
gr 51.25 M gr $ .40 1 doz $ .15
Special prices in quantities. We also handle Zanerian Azure (Blue) Paper:
Gillott's, Hunt's, Spenoerian and Esterbrook's 1 pkg. of 240 sheets by expre.ss $2.0U
pens. Write for prices. Zaner Method No. 9 Paper (^s in. rule, 8.1IOI/2)
Broad Pointed Lettering Pens. 1 pkg. of 500 sheets, not prepaid $ .S5
Complete set (12 pens) $0.35 100 sheets by mail postpaid 50
doz. single pointed pens 15 Zaner Method No. 15 Paper (% in. rule,
doz. double pointed pens 30 8x10 '/z):
doz. single pointed, any No 25 1 pkg. of 500 sheets, not prepaid $1.50
doz. double pointed, any No GO

PEN HOLDERS INKS


Zanerian Fine Art Oblique Holder, Rosewood: Zanerian India Ink:
11% inches $1.25 8 inches $1.00 1 bottle $ .40 1 doz. bottles express... .$4.00
Zanerian Fine Art Straight HoldeT, 8 inches..$1.00 1 bottle Zanerian Gold Ink 25
Zanerian Oblique Holder, Rosewood: 1 bottle Zanerian White Ink 30
11% inches $ .75 8 inches $ .65 Arnold's Japan Ink:
Zanerian Expert Oblique Holder, T'/j inches: 1 bottle, 4 oz. postpaid $ .50
1 only $ .20 1 doz $1.25 ^/i gr $6.50 1 pint by express 76
'A doz 75 Vi gr 3.50 1 gr 12.00 1 quart by express 1.15

Excelsior Oblique Holder, 6 inches: Zanerian Ink Powder:


1 quart package $ .30
1 only $ .15 1 doz $1.20 Vz gr $5.50
Vi doz 70 '/4 gr 3.00 1 gr. .10.00 C packages or more, per pkg., net 22 Mi
Zanerian Ink Tublet.s (both red and black):
Zaner Method Straight Holder, T'/j inches:
1 quart box, 32 tablets $ .30
1 only $ .15 1 doz $ .00 Vz gr $2.65
doz 36 U gr 1.50 1 gr 4.80
6 boxes or more, per box 22%
Mi
1 Triangular Straight Holder, 7U inches $0.25
1 Correct Holder, hard rubber, 6% inches 25
FINE WHITE CARDBOARD
1 Ha-d Rubber Inkstand 70 White Wedding Bristol: Size 22x28:
1 Good Grip Penpuller 10 6 sheets, postpaid $ .90
1 Inkholder for Lettering 10
12 sheets, postpaid 1.65

CARDS 2 sheets by mail, postpaid 50


White, black and six different colors:
100 postpaid, 30c; 500 express (shipping weight
LARGE SHEETS OF PAPER
2 lbs.), $1.00; 1000 express (shipping weight
4 lbs.), $2.00.
Zanerian, 16x21 — 32 lb. (smooth surface):
by mail, postpaid
6 sheets $ .50
Flourished Design Cards:
20 sheets by mail, postpaid 1.50
With space for name. Two different sets of 12
each. Every one different. —
Ledger, 16x21 30 lb. (smooth hard surface):
2 sets, 24 cards ....$ .20 6 sets, 72 cards $ .40 6 sheets by mail, postpaid $ .65
3 sets, 36 cards 25 12 .sets, 144 cards .70 12 sheets by mail, postpaid 1.10

Write for complete Penmanship supply Catalog

THE ZANER-BLOSER CO., Penmanship Specialists, Columbus, Ohio


^
ilJlllllllllllllll'WHI|lil|l|'i|lllllllTll1l#rWi|llll|l|llllllini''H!IIIIIH

If liiir
"A*"' '"A''"
"''^X
iffii|iiii
'

•'•AV-^-A^i |
iiiijiiMii|ii
- llipilif '";i|iiiiii;li
r;(TX^^rA'\--'r^\--/7H;r"'n'<
':rT\- 'Ar 'A'
i iiHP^
'/A'^' 'X' —

VOL. XXXJ JUNE, 1926 NUMBER 10 \i

'"' ip!i[iiiil^i|||iiiiiri,iMililiii''iiiin 'i -.


i^ .!^J3lSuJ//i^J^<^^^iu^r^ ^

PENMANSHIP SUMMER SCHOOL


6 TO AUGUST 1926 JULY 14,
For Supervisors, Teachers, Penman and Students
Mr. Arnold is widely known as one of
In addition to the regular Zancrian in- the most enthusiastic and progressive su-
structors. Dr. Doescher. Mrs. Landon. pervisors of handwriting in America. Fur-
thermore, the interest he arouses and the
Frank H. Arnold and Mr. Chambers have results he secures fully justify his leader-
been engaged for the Summer Term as ship in this work.
special instructors. The work of his pupils in the Spokane.
in the profes- Washington, schools, where Mr. Arnold su-
The highest scholarship pervises, is known for its forcefulness.
sion, the highest skill in the execution of legibility and free flowing qualities.
penmanship and some of the most experi- We are pleased to announce that Mr.
enced supervisors are represented in the Arnold has consented to deliver a course
of 20 lectures during our 1926 summer
faculty. Can any one interested in pen- session. These lectures will cover every
manship or methods, whether a beginner phase of handwriting supervision and give
others thi^ benefit of his many years of
or an experienced supervisor, overlook the
experience in this work.
opportunity for advancement that this un-
Come with the intention of making the
usually strong course will offer? best use of your ears, eyes and notebooks,
Plan to attend and receive the benefit to and you will go away with such a store-
be derived from the feast of instruction
house of valuable and useful ideas as one
could gather in other ways only by de-
that is to be given. voting a life time to the work as a su-
Pleasant, congenial surroundings. Write pervisor.
for illustrated Catalog. LANDON
MRS. ELIZABETH
Mrs. Landon is a graduate of the Cort-
land State Normal School. Cortland. New
York, and of the Zanerian College. Co-
lumbus, Ohio. Her college work has been
done at Syracuse University. Mrs. Lan-
don has been directing the handwriting in
the Public Schools of Binghamton. New
York, since her graduation from ^
the
Zanerian in 1916. and is therefore in a
position to pass on to our students the
bjnefit of her long experience in Super-
vision Work in one of the most up-to-date
school systems in the country. Mrs. Lan-
don is not only popular with her teachers,
but she secures excellent results as well.
Zanerian students will find in Mrs. Lan-
don a tireless and enthusiastic worker, an
mspiring teacher and a faithful friend.

WALDEMAR O. DOESCHER. Ph. D., C. SPENCER CHAMBERS


Professor of Psychology and Philosophy Supervisor of Handwriting. Syracuse. N.
Capital University, Y., Public Schools and the Syracuse
Columbus, Ohio. City Normal School.

Mr. Chnmbsrs. who is recognized by the


Dr. Doescher's preparation for the work penmanship profession as one of the finest
which he plans to do in our summer blackboard writers and teachers in the
country, will he one of the instructors in
school is as follows: A. B.. Capital Uni-
the Zancr r School,
versity 1918; A. M.. Princeton University
Mr. Chambers hi s taught in Springfield,
1921; Ph. I).. Princeton University I'.ili Portsmouth, Ohio, Covington, Ky.,
0..
Charlotte Elizabeth Procter, Fellow in ri :

ncinnati, Ohio, Pittsburgh, Pa., Uni-


losophy. Princeton University. 1922-23 rsity of Virginia,1. CI
Charlottesville. Va.,
tnerian Summer School d Bliss College,
Dr. Doescher's ability as a scholar, nee
)lumbus, Ohio
skill as a teacher and his patient and ^:
_ exceptionally high order
uathetic attitude toward his pupils hii.f of skill in all branches of penmanship
body of make his instruction very valuable. He is
endeared him to tho student
a hard working, conscientious teacher. He _

Capital University, and we predict a simi- has spent many summers in the Zanerian.
lar experience for him at the Zanerian Wc arc fortunate in again securing his
•ervicea.
this summer.
FRANK H. ARNOLD

Co/umbus, Oh/o
^ f^F^Uii/n^M^^a/iu^i^fr*

THE GREGG
NORMAL COURSE
. . . T\ie Ultimate in
For 2 Generations Experts
Teacher Training
Have Chosen Spencerians
Men and women who teach penmanship
ROGRESS is the process of know from years of experience how
adjusting ourselves to chang- wide is the range of points offered in
Spencerians.
ing conditions. We are living
The present day freedom in style of
in a changed world. New writing has developed rapidly, biit the
times demand new ways. The variety of design of our fifty different
styles has fulfilled every requirement.
Gregg Normal is the recognized leader
From the testimony of pen experts we
methods of teaching com-
in resultful adopted the slogan, "Spencerian Pens
mercial subjects. are Best". They outwrite and outlast
ordinary pens.
At the Gregg Normal you will receive Send 10c for our assortment of 10 se-
lected Spencerians and a complimentaiy
the mental refreshment that will help
cork-tipped penholder.
you to step out of the ranks of the ordi-

nary. Courses are arranged to meet Spencerian Pen Company J'^'^t


York City
the requii'ements of the experienced
teacher as well as the one about to en-
ter this profession.

Students from all over the United Bookkeeper sJournal


States and Canada are in attendance
MONTHLY MAGAZINE OF
each summer, and enthusiastically rec-
Bookkeeping, Accounting and Commerce
ommend the remarkable courses of
Official Publication of
study and practice.
The American Bookkeepers' Association

An unexcelled placement service is

also at your command. Gregg Normal SI'RSCRIPTION RATES

graduates are teaching in public and Satisfaction ( Two Years $2.00


Guaranteed or J One Year - 1.50
Money Will Be 1 8 Months 1.00
private schools throughout the country. Refunded. { 4 Months .50

MAIL COUPON TODA\.


Plan to spend six happy and profitable
weeks at the Gregg Normal —July 6 to BOOKKEEPER'S JOIRNAL FIB.
413-E Chamber of Commerce
CO..
BIdg.,

August 13. Bulletin tells more —Write Cleveland, Ohio.

for your copy today. Enclosed please find $ ...for which send

me the BOOKKEEPER'S JOURNAL... years.

GREGG SCHOOL Name

Six North Michigan Ave. Address _ .

Chicago, 111.
Agents Wanted
f^^r^u^'/i^U'is'^/iua/ir' ^

ZANER METHOD SUMMER SCHOOLS


of the other Teacher Tr

Schools. June 14 to July 23. 1926.


P'onacan
\jeiieSeO, AT
I'^l.
V Stewan,Normal
l.
State School.
instructor.
Lillian V.

Athens, Ohio Ohio


13.
University.
1926. Mrs.
June
Harriet Graham.
14 to August
Di- GrPPnshnrn
VJl N C Women. June
CeilSUUl U, i^ . \-^.
^""'^ Carolina
I.t
College for
to July 24.
ifctur of Handwriting. Si)rinBfield, Ohio, Instructor. Director of Handwriting. Atlantic

Bowling Green, Ohio ^°aT"£l.ie'ir"junf %4''To Ano-Aloc P'olif


\ jr\a i\Ilgeiei>,
AjOS* \^an\..
University of Southern Cali-
July 23. 1926. J. D. Severs, Director of Handwriting, Mans- fomla. June 28 to August 6.
field High School, Mansfield, Ohio, Instructor. 1926. Miss Mildred Moffett. Pacific Coast Representative of
the Zaner-Bloser Co.. Instructor.

rhanpl
\^II<tpei Hill
Xllll, N
iX. C Kj.
university of N. C. 1st Term.
June 11 to July 20, 1926. Miss Milledgeville, Ga.
Georgia State College for Wom-
Lillie Jones, Director of Handwriting, Durham, Instructor. 2nd en. June 14 to July 24. 1926.
Term. July 21 to August 2S. Miss Matte Conn Baldon. South- Mabel Vogan, Director of Handwriting. Fairmont, W. Va.,
ern Reuresentative of the Zaner-Bloser Co., Instructor.

Columbus, Ohio ^'''°°'- "'"''' ^ Qanfa


Odllld Cvwi
UA, Palif
V^l \^a.yVV.
Miss Swope's School, June 28
,o July 16, 1926. R. E. Wiatt,
fo'TugSst^™""
Los Angeles, Californ
University of Georgia. June 21 to July
Athens, Ga. 31. 1926. Miss Matte Conn Baldon. South-
Representative of the Zaner-Bloser Co., Instructor.

Valparaiso, Ind. ''^Z:i.J1r:^\ Statesboro, Ga. The State Teachers College, June
Mrs. Guy H. Well,
14 to July 24.
1926. M. E. Zii
Instructor.

Con Tnca
oail UU»C, P'alif
V^aill.
San Jose State Teachers College,
Millersville, Pa.
Millersville State Normal School,
j^ng ,8 to August 6, 1926. Miss June 14 to July 24. 1926. Lester
M, Belle Murphy. Instructor. R. Uhrick, Instructor.

PLAN TO ENROLL IN ONE OF THESE SCHOOLS THIS SIMMER. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION. ADDRESS
ZANERIAN COLLEGE OF PENMANSHIP, Columbus, Ohio.

Edition New Edition


Metropolitan 2;"^ .G. Potter
Metropolitan By
McKinley High School W. A. Sheaffer
Business Chicago
System of
Speller Bookkeeping
Over 6000 words. New lessons co You Will Like It. The text emphasizes the thouflrht sid* of
to Aeroplanes, Radio, Automobiles, the subject. It stimulates and encourages the reasoninff pow-
pages, attractive binding, 50 cents. er of the pupil. Pupils acquire a knowledge of the subject as
well as facility in the making of entries. It is a thoroughly
A Superior Speller seasoned, therefore accurate, text supported by coraplet*
Teachers' Reference Books, and Teachers' Manual.
Twofold Design. In the preparation of the Metropolitan
Business Speller we had constantly in mind two objects: Parts I and II text is an elementary course suitable for
first, to teach the pupil to spell, and second to enlarge his
any school in which the subject is taught. Two semesters
vocabulary, especially of words in general use. are required in High Schools and a correspondingly shorter
Classification of Words. As an aid to the memory we have time in more intensified courses.
classified words, as regards sounds, syllabication, accents and
rneaning. We have grouped the words relating to each par- is suitable for an advanced courss
ticular kind of business into lessons, by which the student is nentary text. We make the state-
enabled to familiariic himself with the vocabulary of that iitation. that this is the most teachable,
business. Wo have interspersed miscellaneous exercises in und strongest text published for advanced
the nature of reviews. We have grouped words that can best elementary accounting use.
be learned hy comparisons, such as Stationery and Stationary.
Corporation-Mfg. -Voucher unit is bound In heavy paper
Abbreviations of states, months, railways and commercial
terms are given in regular lesson form, and grouped alpha- overs and contains all of Part IV. It is a complete course
1 Corporation accounting including instructions, set of
betically. We regard abbreviating of almost equal impor- rnnsactions, exercises, problems, etc. It Is without doubt
tance with spelling.
he best text for this part of your accounting course. List
Syllabication and pronunciation are shown by the proper rices. Text. 120 pages. 40 cents. Supplies, including Blank
division of words, and the use of the diacritical marks. The looks and Papers. 95 cents.
words are printed in bold type, and the definitions in lighter
face, so as to bring out the appearance of the word, sn aid —
In sight spelling. EXAMINATION COPIES will be submitted upon request.

METROPOLITAN TEXT BOOK COMPANY CHICAGO


; ;;

f^^t^ud/n^M'^t/iua/fr' ^

Applied Business English


and Correspondence
By HAGAR AND SoRELLE
In producing their book, the authors —both of whom are teachers
and business men of many years' experience —have included only those
essentials that have a direct bearing on the future work of the student
of business.

Through labor saving methods the book has been made exceed-
ingly brief but sufficiently comprehensive for any high school or busi-
ness college course.

In short, the course has been developed

1. By the elimination of the unessential;

2. By the omission of much that is purely technical

3. By the emphasis of those things that have a direct bearing on the


work of a stenographer or other office assistant

4. By providing a separate set of exercises corresponding to the les-


sons in this text. These exercises are extensive and require a
thorough understanding of the principles explained before they can
be prepared successfully

5. By providing a series of actual business problems designed to de-


velop a Business Sense and to give the student practice in correct
Business English expression.

Applied Business English and Correspondence will enable you to


obtain measurable results.

Text, $1.00 Separate Exercise Book, $0.40

The Gregg Publishing Company


New York Chicago San Francisco Boston London
^ f^J^u<i/n^d^^//iu^i/f7^

Publisher's Note
At the request of a large number of type-
writing teachers, we have issued an edi-
tion of "Practical Course in Touch
Typewriting" by Charles E. Smith, using
the method of fingering in which B is

struck with the left hand.


BLISS-ALGER

Bookkeeping and Accounting Innumerable teachers have expressed their


A strictly new
course just off the press. combininK Book- admiration of the contents of Mr.
keeping. Business Practice and Banking. Makes individual
instruction a pleasure. Exceedingly interesting to the student. Smith's "Practical Course in Touch
Three Systems Typewriting" but have been prevented

ACTUAL BUSINESS (with offices)


from using it in their classes because
FOLDER (like above, without offices) the fingering was at variance with their
CORRESPONDENCE
preference.
For High Schools, Business Schools or any institution
teaching Bookkeeping. Text and outfit sent to teachers for
examination. Mention school connection.

We expect therefore that the popularity


BLISS PUBLISHING CO.
SAGINAW, MICH. of this book will now be still further ex-
tended, and in the belief that you will be
interested in the text, we are willing to
send a copy to you with our compli-
ments. We are sure that an examina-
tion of the book will indicate the reason
why there have been sixteen editions of
Touch Typewi-iting since 1904.
Cl^/fORE people are learning
each day that good For the past twelve years, the author has
printing is an investment— not used his method for training the cham-

an expense. pion typists of the world. During tlie

past twenty years, he has observed the


work of hundreds of thousands of stu-
dents and has corresponded with thou-
sands of typewriting teachers. Because
of this, we have no hesitation in recom-
mending the book to you as the soundest
ScHMiTT Printing Company and the most up-to-date of all type-
"The 'Busy Shop" writing texts.

139 E. Rich Street Columbus, Ohio

ADams
Isaac Pitman & Sons
4439
2 West 45th Street NEW YORK
THE

U5m^55 Miiuratar
\ olume 31 COLUMBUS, OHIO, JUNE, 1926 Number 10

NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF mental activity despite his advanced


PENMANSHIP SUPERVISORS years. Carl Marshall, well beyond the
Report of Twelfth Anniversary proverbial three score and ten, has
Meeting, Cleveland, Ohio, April 28-29- not won the recognition that he de-
30, 1926, by A. G. Skeeles, Supenisor sei-ves simply from the fact that men
of Handwriting-, Columbus, Ohio. of his type do not clamor for recog-
Officers Elected nition.
President, Frank J. Duffy, Supei-visor, Their reward comes in the subtle
Duluth, Minn. pleasure of doing, and in witnessing
Vice Pres., Mrs. Lettie J. Strobell, the salutary results of their labor.
Pittsburgh, Pa. Marshall, teaching his interested pu-
Secretary, Arthur G. Skeeles, Super- pils, forever observing the natural
visor, Columbus, O. phenomenom so richly displayed in
Treasurer, Miss Myrta L. Ely, Super- the hills of Humboldt county, and
visor, St. Paul, Minn. writing numerous articles for news-
"The most inspiring, most helpful, papers and magazines, finds life an
and most enjoyable meeting ever infinite source of delight, and the
held," was the opinion often expressed cheerful aspect of his pholosophy is
as the Cleveland meeting drew to a abundantly evident in his writings.
close. From the opening Address of Drawing upon his lifetime of ex-
Welcome by Dr. Herbert D. Bixby, perience as a school teacher, Marshall
Assistant Superintendent of the Cleve- is engaged in w-riting a constructive
land schools, to the closing remarks book upon the problems of the coun-
from C. A. Barnett, Director of Hand- try school, and educators of promi-
writing in the Cleveland schools, the nence are eagerly awaiting its publi-
program was filled witli nourishing cation. Already in conversation with
nuggets of penmanship wisdom, sea- Marshall they have discovered that
soned with humor and good fellow- his ideas promise to be of great value
School, Lakewood, who sang and
ship. in taking care of the problems of the
danced most charmingly.
To President Ella M. Hendrickson country child.
Mrs. Strobell of Pittsburgh respond-
of Lakewood, and to Mr. Barnett, of ed to the address of welcome in her
That one of advanced years should
Cleveland, should go much of the usual gracious and brilliant manner.
willingly attack big tasks, and achieve
credit for the meeting. Miss Hen- The various papers and addresses
them is in itself remarkable. But
drickson proved herself a gracious Marshall's freshness of outlook, his
must be passed here with mere men-
and capable presiding officer, and her optimism and his "up with the times"
tion, for space will not allow us even
thoughtfulness ni providing for the spirit are equally delightful to ob-
to give the high spots; and besides
various needs of the Association they will be printed in full in the of-
serve. Many
a younger man has been
helped to assure a pleasant meeting. turned toward cynicism and prose
ficial report. The speakers were:
Mr. Barnett, too, was untiring in pro- Miss Laura Jane Breckenridge, La- where Marshall still remains inspired
\nding for the comfort and happiness by the beauty of life and imbued with
fayette, Indiana, "Should All the
of those present. a desire to contribute his utmost in
Teachers of a School Be Required to
At 9:30 on Wednesday morning the Teach Handwriting-, or Is the Special his declining years.
members of the association had the Teacher Plan a Greater Success?" He is a man who should be more
pleasure of listening to several selec- widely known, for he is a shining ex-
Miss Breckenridge believes that in
tions bv the Girls' Glee Club of East
most situations the responsibility for ample of a youthful spirit untarnished
High School, Cleveland. These "Blue teaching handwriting should rest with
by a lifetime of experience. What he
Birds" in their dresses of blue and has to offer the world is well worthy
— —
gold the school color.s sang beauti-
the regular teacher.
(Continued on page 23)
of an attentive audience.
[The above was clipped from the Humboldt
fully and wonderfully. The writer
Standard. Eureka. Calif. It is a well worded
felt repaid for his trip to Cleveland tribute to a man who deserves much more than
when they had sung their first num- CARL MARSHALL he has received.
ber, "Spring Greeting," to the "Beau- At Ettersburg in the southern part Carl Marshall, one of those rare teachers
Humboldt county a remarkable man and authors with ideals, character, and lovable
tiful Blue Danube Waltz" of Straus. of disposition, erows biscer and better in our
And the five following numbers were is teaching school, living quietly, con- estimation as time poes on and as we become
beautiful and fine, also. tributing mai-kedly to the happiness better acquainted with him.
Mr. Marshall will continue to give our
There was more music on Friday of those with whom he associates, and readers the benefit of his many years of ex-
morning by pupils from Lincoln manifesting a wonderful degree of perience, wisdom and wit.]

THE BUSINESS EDUCATOR SUBSCRIPTION PRICE. $1.25 A YEAR The Business Educator is the best mediuio
(To Canada, 10c more; foreign. 20c more) through which to reach business college pro-
Published monthly (except July and Auffust) Single ccpy, 15c.
By THE ZANER-BLOSER CO.. Change of address should be requested prietors and managers, commercial teachers
612 N. Park St.. Columbus. O. promptly in advance, if possible, giving the old and students, and lovers of penmanship. Copy
E. W. Bloser
B. A. LuPFBR .... Editor
Manasrine Editor
as 'well as the new address.
Advertising rates furnished upon request.
must reach our office by the 10th of the naonth
for the issue of the following month.
f^^f^u^/n^U'ia^/iu^a^h^ ^

Lessons in Handwriting
By MABEL VOGAN, Saperrisor of Handwriting, Fairmont, W. Va.
(Misa Vogan will be glad to give you good criticisms if you will send 15 cts. with your worlc to her at Mannington, W. Va.)

Group Fourteen
Exercise One
Review the push-pull one space high and the indirect running oval 1-2 space high. We are ready to begin our
"Capital Stem" letters of which there are eleven. Master the loop and stem now, and you will have that part of all
the capitals which contain that element. For the exercise count 1-2-3-4-5 for the little indirect oval, and slant to the
base line ending with a firm stop.
Exercise Two
Count 1-2 making the 2 a snappy count. Close the loop and be sure to cun'e both sides of it. Note that the loop
has push-pull slant. Observe the space between the loop and the slanted downstroke. Slant straight down on the stem
stopping firmly on the base line.
Exercise Three
Curve the top of this element well as if to make a large direct oval. Then .slant straight down to the base line as
in the "Capital Stem." Retrace the point slightly, and finish with an over left curve loop. The loop resembles a
carelessly finished small "e." Count 1, 2.

Exercise Four
For "H" count 1-2, 3-4 at the rate of 30 to 35 letters per minute. Make graceful "Capital Stem." Lift the pen,
and begin well to the right and slightly higher than the stem loop. Curve the top, then slant straight to the base line.
Make a firm stop on the line. Avoid too much width. Finish with a left loop which at least touches the stem, and it
may loop around it a little.
Exercise Five
Make this exercise to the count 1-2, 3-4, 5-6, 7-8 finish. End just below the line as in "R." Keep the little loop
in the middle and pointing leftward. Aim for good compound curves.
Exercise Six
Study the large form. Count the same as for "H" 1-2, 3-4, and make the stem the same. 2. Begin well to the
right and slightlv higher than the stem in making the second part. 3. Make a compound cur\'e to the middle of the
stem and touch or tie around it as in "R." End with a compound curve as in "R" finishing just below the base line
with the pen still in motion. Note that the second part of "K" begins as "0." Write about 30 letters per minute.
Exercise Seven
Always do your best whether in formal practice or not. Careless scribbling will undo many hours of thought-
ful practice. Do your very best on everything that you write. It is more refined to write a neat, legible hand than
to be so individual that others must sacrifice time and nen'es in deciphering your individuality. Are you able to
produce uniform slant, lines, size, and plain letter forms. Try it when applying "H and K" in the word practice.

^ 0) i^ 0)
^^ ^ ^^ ^ ^

/
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Group Fifteen
Exercise One
Try warming up with push-pull one space high. Practice it until you can make good sure slant strokes. These
are our first upper loop letters. Slant is greatly helped or spoiled by loop letters. Always aim to get the proper
slant and good full loops. For the exercise count curve 1-2-3-4-5-6, 1-2-3-4. Curve the upstrokes well. Slant the
loops parallel with the push-pull, and make their backs nearly straight. Note that the crossing is rather near the
base line.

Exercise Two
Join four loops omitting push-pull. Count 1-2-3-4. Watch slant, white spaces and height.

Exercise Three
Count 1-2 for the "1." Cui-\'e the upstroke well. Slant back as straight as possible. Make a good elbow curve
for the finish. Speed, about 100 letters per minute.

Exercise Four
The loop exercise with the "b" finish. Count 1-2-3-4-5-6, finish. Observe that the finish is like the "v" and "w."
Keep the dot and cur\'e finish rather near the big loop.

Exercise Five
Count 1-2, 3. Make "1" except the finish. Cur\'e the end up closer the loop, and finish as "v and w," rather low
about 1-3 the height of the loop.
Exercise Six
For joining the "b's" count 1-2, 3-4, 5-6, 7-8, swing. Work for uniform slant, height, white spaces, and straight
backs.

Exercise Seven
Be observing and accurate at all times if you wish to succeed as a penman. Apply the two habits in practicing the
study words and see if they do not help you to secure better results than just "blind blundering."

j^-^iy-^-^y^--^^^-^^

^-^'^^'-i:^--<t>--tll,^^..^^^

Group Sixteen
Exercise One
Review push-pull and indirect oval movements before beginning these exercises. Review the "n" movement
Aim for uniform turns and slants.
Exercise Two
For the "h and turn" exercise count 1-2, 3-4. 5-6 7-8. Watch slant, turns, and angles.
Exercise Three
Count 1-2, 3. Curve the upstroke well. Retrace from the base line a little, and finish like "n." Make the turn
about 1-3 the height of the loop. Keep the downstrokes parallel. Write at the rate of about 55 to 60 letters per
minute.

Exercise Four
Join the four "h's" to the count lh-2h-3h-4h. Keep uniform slants, height, turns, etc.

Exercise Five
The "k" is composed of a loop as in "h" and hook finish. Note that the second part resembles a "R" without
a loop.
10 ^ ^^'^Usi/n^ii^^e/iua^r' ^
Exercise Six
Count 1-2, 3. Curve up well. Make the hook horizontal and closed. The finish forms an elbow cun-e. The down-
strokes are parallel. Write 50 to 55 letters per minute.
Exercise Seven
When joining the "k's" count 1-2-3, 1-2-3, 1-2-3, 1-2-3, aiming for parallel slants, straight backs, open loops, good
hooks, and uniform size.

Exercise Eight
In writing these words see how easily you can swing off good light lines, legible forms, unifomi slants, open
loops, and sure, smoo'.> line quality.

Lessons in Business Penmanship


By J. J. BAILEY, Hiffh School of Commerce. Toronto. Ont., Canada.
(Mr. Bailey will be glad to grive you good criticisms if you will enclose 15 cts.)
.

^ f^J^g^'/i^iU'^^<^^fua/fr'

Paragraph and page writing are very interesting. You should be able by this time to write each individual letter
well and to write individual words well. You should now work for general effect. See that the appearance of the
page is good, that means that the margin should be uniform and neat, the slant unifonn, the spacing regular,
each letter resting on the base line, all letters the proper height, graceful flowing movement and uniform light
touch.

If any one letter or part of the page attracts attention unfavorably due to crowding or other defect you should
practice on that particular part until you can write it as well as the other part of the page.
Keep up your practice if you would succeed. Now the time to do the most practicing so that you can retain
i.*;

what you already have learned.

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(Continued on following page)


f^^^uJ/n^^iSa^lfu^i^'r' ^ It

Written by C. Spencer Chambers, Supervisor of Writing. Syracuse, N. Y.

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'o<:^A eXb^C^i/ /<k


Accurate business writing by Rene Guillard, Evanston. 111. W« have some very fine work from Mr. Guillard. which will be published
this —
coming year it's a rare treat.
^ *^^^UiUyUiU'^4)^iua/h^

RESULTS OF THE STUDENTS' LETTERING CONTEST


"Announced in the March Issue of THE BUSINESS EDUCATOR."
The consistine of a year's subscription to THE BUSINESS EDUCATOR, was won by Aileen Engler. age 20. student of Dr.
first prize,
F. C. Anderson. OtUwa. Ont.. Canada. Technical School.
Miss Eneler has evidently had the advantage of previous instruction in letterinK. She carefully arantred her specimen, ruling: marginal
lines and head and base lines. As a whole her specimen was beautifully balanced and very carefully prepared.
The second prize, a copy of Plain Useful Lettering, was won by Adelia K. Green, student in the West Chester, Pa., St^te Normal School,
Clarence I., McKelvie, Instructor.
The third prize, a copy of Manual 144. was won by Saige Towata. Alai
The fourth prize, a copy of Manual 96, was won by Margaret M. O'Hara,
Instructor.
The ten next best specimens are as follows:
Elizabeth E. Hannum _...West Chester. Pa., State Normal School Clarence McKelvie, Instructor
Lois Wahmuth _ ._ ....Alameda. Calif., High School lone Gardiner. Instructor
Clayton Hahn _ _ Alliance, Ohio, Public Sch Gwendoline Hartzell. Instructor
Harriett E. Downing West Cheste State Normal School Clarence McKelvie. Instructor
Franklin Alexander Lincoln High Sch. il, Los Angeles, Calif Miss E. E. Gulp. Instructor
William N. Banks _ Indi College. Grace A. Galsoll. Instructor
Orpha Meads West Chester, Pa State Normal School Clarence McKelvie, Instructor
Marjorie Eilenberger _ West Chester, Pa, State Normal School Clarence McKelvie, Instructor
Harry Price Lincoln High School, Los Angeles, Calif Miss E. E. Gulp, Instructor
Elden Eckman Santa Rosa, Calif., Junior High Evelyn Laughlin.

Thi.s contest ha.s been one of the


most interesting we have conducted.
The re is a book, who runs may read which It has been difficult to decide the win-
ners for there were so many real fine
specimens. Many who submitted speci-
heavenly truth imports-, mens, whose names cannot be men-
tioned, deserve encouragement and

And all the lore its scholars need — pure eyes


praise.
We hope that the next contest
which we conduct will be responded
to as enthusiastically as this one has
and Christian hearts.
for when we look at the fine speci-
mens submitted we feel well repaid
Many of the
^U works ot God, above, oelow, within us and
for our efforts.
in the contest could profitably
pupils
follow
lettering as a profession.

around,
Specimens of lettering have been
receiveilfrom the pupils of Mrs. Lucy
Are pages in that book to show yvherc God H. Thurman, Webb, Arizona, which
deserve special comment and praise.
hlimself is found. John K.ble.

Jessie Conn of Lethbridge, Alb.,


The above lettering won first place in the Lettering Contest, The reprttduction docs not Canada, sent in some work from stu-
show up aa good as the original, but it displays excellent know ledge of spacing, arrange- dents for the lettering contest which
ment and letter formation. Migs Ailccn Engler is a student )f F. C. Anderson. Ottawa
Technical School. almost won a prize. You may be suc-
cessful in the next contest, try again.

Indian O^xvnrrs^r
Cro-sj-/y>^ 6Ac Bar
r\ Siltcer? curioin ve-ils \Vt^ sl<ie^&^ /^or c/)o rrom ou6 Oiyr-
/\ nd loQir conce-als irorri pcnbive e.ye.& /5ocyrr>c of ^/me anc/ ^/ace
The broniina toUens oV the, +qII;
T/ie f/o oa' ay /5 e c7/~ m
/77e far
A co'inness, broods upon +he hillb. J /hope vTee n^y /^' /oc face
And so(»r)rr7e»-'s porfino dre,a»vi di^4ils ^o face
U//?e/^ J f/ai^e era ss ec/
A chori^ or siltnca over all.
cAe 6o/~
The above specimen was lettered by Adelia K. (Ireen. West Chester. This specimen was lettered by Sniite Towata. Alameda. Calif.,
State Normal School, and won the second
I'a.. prize. Like all speri- High School, and won the third prize. We congratulate the
ment from this school il is strong and bold. entire class onthe fine work submitted.
^

*^^^Uii/n^ii^^<f^&ua^^ ^ u

SPECIMENS RECEIVED
Specimens for the Student.s' Page
have been received from the Srd, 5th,
1 wande/rc-d lonely qs a cloud 6th and 7th grade.<i of the Star School,
Camden, N. J., Miss Maughan, Miss
Ihol' tIoqIs on kick o'er vales ond hills^ Meerwald, Miss Rivard, Miss Caskey,
and Miss Marks are the teachers.
Vvnen all ai" once J. saw a crowd While we were not able to reproduce
some of the work, we want to compli-
ment them on the excellent work.
A ^osf ^ OT Qolden cJafTOciils •

Elizabeth Wolf of Clarksburg, W.


Va., who teaches in Bridgeport, W.
Deside me lake ^ benea-fh the trees Va., sent in some specimens from her
4tii and 5th grade pupils, who are
rlutjenna and dancina in +Ke bi-ee-ze doing very nice writing, using a very
free arm movement. Unfortunately
Words worth the ink was not dark enough to en-
grave some of the specimens.
Margaret M. O'Hara, West Chester. Pa., State Normal School, who lettered the above Some very fine specimens have
has a very strong quality of line and a good idea of arrangement. Her specimen won been received from the Grover Cleve-
fourth prize.
land Junior High School, Zane.sville,
O., for the students' page. Miss Caro-
line Griffiths is the penmanship teach-
er. The pupils of this school are
doing exceptionally fine work.

ILLINOIS PENMANSHIP CONTEST


The House by+h& oide In connection with the Commercial Contest
March 26th at Carbondale. a graded school
Penmanship Contest was held. Thirty-seven
of the. Road. school systems of Southern Illinois took part.
The plan is to have each child in grades 4
to 8 inclusive write and send in through his
There or& herm'tf souls "tnot' live \Nltn drawn superintendent or principal a specimen page
from copy furnished by the contest manager.
The contest is divided into two sections. City
and Rural. Loving cups are awarded to the
Xn the place of their self -content; first and second places in both sections.

CITY SECTION
Tiere ore souls like stars , that dwell apart, The winners for the City Section follow:
Lincoln School, Carbondale. first : Central
School. West Frankfort, second Logan School,
In Q fellowless firmament', West Frankfort, third Benton, fourth
coln School. DuQuoin. fifth
Lin-
;
;

Jonesboro. sixth ; :

Edwards School. West Frankfort, seventh


There are pioneer souls thai" blaze their paths Irving School. Centralia. eighth ; Fairfield,
:

ninth Dorrisville. tenth.

— —
:

Honorable Mention Zeigler. Ward School, of


Where hiahways never ran DuQuoin, Central School of Centralia, Frank-
lin School of West Frankfort, Herrin, and
.•^nna.
But let rne live by the side of the road KURAL SECTION
Winners of the rural section follow Bond :

School. Galatia. first Vineyard School. Harco.


And be q friend to man. second Sivia School, Anna, third
;
;

True Love :

School. Anna, fourth Rend Schools, Rend,


;

fifth District No. 138, Carbondale. sixth Dis-


The above beautiful letterng is by Elizabeth Hannum. another West Chester S'ate Nor- ;

trict No. 38, Carbondale. seventh


;

mal School student, who has a good knowledge of lettering, excellent arrangement and District No. :

102, Carbondale. eighth District 98. Carbon-


handling of the pen. ;

dale. ninth District No. 92. Carbondale. tenth.


;

The winners of the first five places of both


the city and rural sections were awarded by
THE BUSINESS EDUCATOR
yearly subscrip-
tions to its magazine.
T. L. Bryant. Contest Manager.

ABCDEFGH
IJ NOPQR
S T UYWX YZ &
The above Roman Capitals were made by Irwin Ogden, student in the Grand Island, Neb., B s College. W. E. McDonough,
instructor. Mr. Ogden not only has ability in lettering but also writes an excellent b nd ornamental hand. Some
day we expect to see Mr. Ogden up at the top of the penmanship profession.
IS t^J^ui/n^^(^(/iu^i/iT^ ^
Supplementary Business Writing
By C. C. LISTER, Maxwell Traininc School for Teachers, New York CitT.

C-<^l^,d-'C'i'<:::C'cU...^^ ^:r^k:^^^^0<?<?-'i-'Z^'ii--<2:^^^ ^.^t^

>T.'ii^C<!^l'''*''!JC^C^ — — £Z^'><L^CLy
eZyy^t-'t'-Z.</-<^fZ.^

a^yt^y^

Mr. C. C. Usler. Maxwell Training School for Teacher!.. New York Cit.v, will continue throuKhout the oming year to contribute a page of
"Supplementary BuBincso Writinn" to the B. E. His many years of experience as a penman and leache enable him to i)re»ent sound jiedagoffy
written in that beautiful, matchless style of his.
f^J^u4/n^U/^(i^iu:a^ ^
"Ain't nacher grand?" get small
pleasure for their trouble as compared

MENTAL MEANDERINGS with the intelligent person who takes


with him to the woods some under-
standing of what he sees.
Bi' CARL MARSHALL, Tnjunga. Calif. Of course, I am putting down these
thoughts, for the benefit of those
thousands of student readers of The
Educator, mostly in our business
The world has heard a good deal For my part, as a schoolmaster, I schools,^ who, in the hurry and stress
about the importance of understanding hold with Solomon, that the really of getting an education in bookkeep-
great secret of human joy lies in wis- ing and stenography and salesman-
thoroughly the things that relate to
one's job. This is the
dom and understanding. Here is what ship, and so on, may be in danger of
Understanding idea underlying all so- he had to say about it: neglecting that other part of educa-
as a Source called technical educa- "Happy is the man that findeth wis- tion, that has to do with the beauties
of Pleasure. tion. It is a new idea dom ,and the man that getteth under- and refinements of life, and that sort
in education, one— standing.
"For the merchandise of it is bet-
of understanding of things, which,
though it may not have much market
that has been born almost within the
memory of men now living. A cen- ter than the merchandise of silver, and value in dollars and cents, is really
tury ago there were practically speak- the gain thereof than fine gold. what makes life worth living. No
ing, no trade or technical schools any- "She is more precious than rubies; education is complete that does not
where in the world, and even schools and all the things thou canst desire enable us to make a living. But it is
for teaching the professions, law, are not to be compared unto her. equally true, that the education that
medicine, teaching, and theology, etc., "Length of days is in her right hand does not do any more than that is
were few and far between. Even the and in her left hand, riches and honor. pitiably deficient.
teaching of science was not, until re- "Her ways are ways of pleasant-
cently, considered really educational. ness and all her paths are peace. A few days ago, I noticed in a New
But in our day, at least seventy-five "She is a tree of life to those who York magazine, a full-page ad an-
per cent of all the educational effort lay hold of her, and happy is every nouncing the arrival of another world-
in schools above the primary grades, one that retaineth her." beating discovery in
is technical. The ef- That a pretty strong recom-
is And Now the field of short-
fect of this change in mendation, but Solomon had probably Another Wonder, hand. The claims for
education in increasing thought out the matter rather care- this latest "system"
the material prosperity fully. In his time he had tried out are set forth in the usual hectic style
of the people is beyond
has

a lot of things, among others, being of the professional ad-writer, and if
all calculation, it a king; writing poetry; getting mil- one is to accept fifty per cent of the
practically re-made the lions of shekels out of the Jews with claims as net tnath, the makers and
world. But whether this which to build his magnificent temple, sellers and teachers of all the other
general turning toward and beautify his capital citv of Jeru- shorthand systems might as well shut
materialism in educa- salem, not to mention his record- up shop, lease the pi'emises and go
tion has really in- breaking adventures in romance and to raising Florida onions. I have
creased the average matrimony. But he finally reached lived to a time when enough grey
happiness and joy in living, of those the conclusion which he expressed in matter has got on the outside of my
who have had it, is an open question. the eloquent woi'ds I have quoted, cranium to protect me from any dis-
I have known a good many profes- that as compared with Wisdom, the turbing mental infection over this
sional experts and other efficient tech- whole business was cheap and tawdry. latest swift writing wonder. I was
nicians in my time, but as a class, Many people devote much time and not "horned in old Mizzoura," but I
they have not seemed to be happy or money to seeking out things of was raised near enough to the show-
even contented people. They are like- beauty. They motor out into the me state, and long enough ago, to
ly to be either coldly methodical and woods and mountains to find the make me leery about swallowing whole
unemotional, or else feverishly intense, beauty of the outdoors; they fill their every new wonder storv that comes
or even excitable or irritable. homes with costly pictures, and ornate along. Of course, within the past
With the exception of a few lofty, furnishings; they decorate themselves seventy years over which my memory
saint-like souls who are capable of with expensive silks and laces and spans, I have seen the coming of many
living lives of complete self-sacrifice, jewels; they fill their libraiues with real and enduring wonders, —
the tele-
most of us are in this old world for choice books bound in morrocco and phone ,the electric light, the motion
the pleasure we can get out of it. vellum; they even erect beautiful picture, the gas engine, the radio, and
Maybe this ought not to be so but it monuments of marble and granite to the aeroplane, to mention a few. In
is, and the fact might as well be faced stand over them after they are dead. the educational world, I have seen the
squarely. O, yes, I know that there But tho one important thing that they rise of shorthand and the typewriter,
are a lot of people who are busy tell- often overlook, is that beautiful the inductive theory of teaching, arm
ing the rest of us how we should "live things give verv little pleasure unless movement penman.ship, physical edu-
for others," and no doubt they are they are UNDERSTOOD. Tlie ig- cation, the kindergarten, and so on.
right, but I have not been able to see norant yokel who does not know an But in the field of invention, science,
that these devoted ones are particu- engraving from an etching, or a and education, taken altogether, it
larly self-sacrificing themselves. They dollar cromo from an original Dupre seems to me that there have been
often make us think of funny old or Corot, gets but little pleasure about as many humbugs, mushroom
Artemas Ward, who declared "this from agaping tour through an fads, and failures as there have been
cruel war has to stop, —
even if I have art gallery. Neither does your "big dui-able successes.
the days
These go back to
when Hydrophobia was
to sacrifice all my wife's relations!" butter and egg man" who fills his
I doubt, however, whether many of drawing-rooms with ten thousand dol- "cured" by mad-stones, and lightning
us ai'; wholly selfish, even if we are lar paintings and marbles that he
' rods were to be seen on nearly all
mainly concerned in our own pleasure never heard of before. The man who buildings, and come on down in steady
and success in life. But granting the never looks upward into the starry procession to the recently exploded
main fact, the big question is: "Just heavens at night, is the man who Abrams plan of disease cure by trap-
how are we to proceed in order to get knows nothing about the wonders that ping electrons, and the Einstein
the most joy out of life." There have are spread out above him. Jaunting theory, which may turn out to be
been as many answers to this question folk who chase about our woods, fill- true provided anybody ever finds out
as there are kinds of philosophers, ing their laps with slaughtered flow- what it is. Nearly all these alleged
and the formulated recipes run back ers, and with barely enough appie- great discoveries, came into the world
to the davs of Abraham and bevond. ciation of what they see to simper. (Continued on page 23 )

d^ «^^^^%^>/<si^d22^w«^^ ^
visible machine had not been perfected
as yet. Patrick would have been more
home with
Her Name Was Maud at a laggin' in his hand
spraggin' cars than pounding these
B> C. R. McCANN. McCann School of Business. HazI typewriter keys. One night he asked
if he might not have the keys to the
School so that he could open up a little
earlier than the accustomed hour. The
"Whoa, there, Maud," said Patrick whim of some young professor who Principal readily consented and Pat-
Joseph Flynn as he drew up at the wants to get a reputation for himself. rick got in a few extra hours each
mule stable after the work of the day My younger readers will find out later week before the others were awake
on in life that some persons love rattling away at the typewriter. The
was done. "Maud," continued Patrick,
"you have been a good friend of mine

notoriety of mysticism "Please, Mr. favorite method was "Now is the time
even though you were a little balky Policeman, arrest me and give me a for all, etc." as many of the older
at times and I only hope your next —
headline in the paper I want to sell typists will recall. This was before
driver will be as kind to you as I have —
my latest book this will give me the time of the immortal J. N. Kim-
Sometimes, it is said added publicity." ball, etc., who has done so much to
tried to be."
that even mules appreciate kindness The other boys and girls would help along the cause of typewriting.
and Maud smilingly wanted to know laugh inwardly at our friend, Patrick Patrick soon got the "hang of it" and
where her old driver was going. Joseph, yet he made friends with them in a few weeks could write as fast as
"I am going to start Business Col- all. Too many boys are afraid of the best of them in school. He plug-
lege tomorrow morning and you are ridicule from their classmates and do ged along with his English, too, for
put out to pasture until not progress rapidly. Before long, his teacher had said in class one day
going to be
the strike is over at the mines," replied the old fashioned teacher called Pat- that if a boy wanted to be a good
her old master. So they kissed each rick in front of the class one morn- stenographer he must FIRST be good
ing and told him to teach the lesson in English, because a thorough knowl-
other good bye, for Maud was a good
mule, as far" as mules go. Her dis- on loop letters, much to the consterna- edge of English was really more es-
tion of the class and the amazement of sential to a shorthand career than the
position, in fact, was better than some
of her masters' but that is another Patrick as well. But he had been used hooks and curls, for a great many
to push and pull all his life so he was dictators had risen up through the
story.
Patrick was on hand bright and game, dug right in, and did the best ranks and had not the education to use
early at the school the next morning he knew. This was the method used the correct word always; hence, the
because he was accustomed to get up by the teacher to reward the faithful stenographer would have to make the
early every morning. If one gets into — this method has been di-scarded by correction. In letter writing, he got
the gist of what the teacher said in
the habit of sleeping late in the morn- the 20th Century teachers as unethical
ing hours, it is hard work to "wake —
and obsolete be that as it may, our class, "Make your letters conversa-
Patrick could swing a better set of tional in tone, make them short and
up and get up" when the old alarm
Especially is this true Capitals than most of the present day sweet, and say what you have to say
clock sounds.
if one has been out late or should I
teachers of penmanship. The old time and stop." This helps the reader and
.say earlv that particular —
morning if teachers certainly knew their knittin' boosts the .stock of the writer in the

you don't believe it ask some World and teaching has not changed much
from the beginning. It is the mental
eyes of the one who reads the letter.
In a short time a good letter writer
War Veteran who fought in the front
line trenches. Too many boys who attitude of the students that counts composes his own letters if he is any
live just around the corner from the so much in a school. good in an office and thus relieves his
.school are always late in getting to Before long, Patrick passed his boss of an immense amount of cor-
class, yet the country boy who lives Bookkeeping Course and was ready to respondence. Patrick's letters were
miles away is usually on deck when take up Shorthand and Typewriting, always read aloud in class because
the door opens. as it was known in those days. It they were prepared with a great deal
This school work was not new to might be recognized today as Secre- of care. So many letters are written
tarial Training or Advanced Course in in between classes; hence, no care is
Patrick Joseph for he had spent the
winter evenings in the Night School Private Secretaryship. But the fact taken but not so with cautious Patrick.
and was fairly well advanced in his still remains that the one who can jot When the Fall Term opened quite
work. The doors opened at 8:00 A. down shorthand as "she is spoke" and a large number of boys enrolled in
can transcribe his notes at a fair rate the Day School. The coal strike had
M., although the recitations did not
begin untilDiOO A. M.— no one knows of speed need not worry so much not ended and some of them thought
ju.st whv this particular time was set about the name of the course. What they might just as well secure an edu-
the business man wants is that it is cation and get away from the coal
but it is almost universal. Most of
out correctly and swiftly. mines. These boys reasoned the best
the bovs would have a pleasant chat gotten
from the time they entered until the .\bout the only difference in the paying profession is BUSINESS so if
teacher rang the opening bell. With courses is the time it takes to finish they worked hard they would not have
them. If you have plenty of money to go back in the mines and die from
some people, they never start until
and wish to secure a degree or some- black damp, asthma, rheumatism or
the whistle blows but when it comes

time to quit always ready to cease thing like that, then by all means get (|uicker still, fall of top rock. Patrick

-work and these same people never the high sounding course but remem-
ber that degrees do not help earn
knew most cf them and assisted the
head of the department teaching these
rise above the mediocre ranks in the
business world. You know the more bread and butter. After you get the boys. If one has been over the rough
bosses one has the less money he degree, you usually work under the road of trial balances, working sheets,
boy who took just plain Shorthand profit and loss statements, he can as-
makes and so it is in the school work
if boys and girls wait for the and Typewriting without the frills and sist a beginner much more readily
teacher to tell them what to do, they fancies. Big business men do not put than those who have taken a Six
you into a position where you have a Weeks' Course in some high brow col-
will never progress very rapidly.
desk and a .stenog to do your work lege. It was the greatest experience
However, we must not lose sight of
unless you happen to be the nephew Patrick had ever had because he
our patient Irishman for if one can
of some high official of the company learned more in this way than he
drive mules and be patient, he de-
sen-es a medal. As soon as he arrived and it is not the style to do that very —
imagined try it sometime and .see for
at school, he always got right down much any more — you know styles yourself.
Spring came, Patrick had a chance
to his penmanship. Although he was change just like clothes.
not the artist our late C. P. Zaner The hardest part of the work now to secure a position in the city of
for Patrick was the typewriter. His Brotherly Love and political affilia-
was, yet he had secret ambitions to
excel those in school. Some people fingers were not suited to hit those tion. He stuck close to his work and
glass keys with rhythm and he could in a shnrt time, sent back word for
think that good penmen are not edu-
cated. But that is the particular not see what he was writing for the (Continued on page 27)

^ r^^^ii^/ned^4^ti^iu:a/ir'
said.
^
He smiled as he remarked,
A Tribute to Charles T. Gragin "You're sure she didn't say 'literary
crickets'."
for so many years contributed those inimitable stories which have ins It is the opinion of many who are
ands of our young readers and delighted the older members of our pre familiar with his writings that had he
By Frank H. Ash, Drake Business School, Paterson, N. J.
begun years ago and devoted his time
exclu.sively to writing reminiscences—
especially of commercial education
For nearly twenty years the readers All during those warm summer he would have found it very profitable.
of The Business Educator have been months and part of the fall he was As a Commercial Teacher
enjoying- the interesting articles of confined to the hospital. I returned Mr. Cragin was a pioneer in com-
the late C. T, Cragin. No longer do to my senior year at Normal in Sep- mercial work. He knew and was
the pages of the journal contain the tember anti a few months later Mr. known by most of the leaders in this
witty sketches that appeared under Cragin was well enough to leave the field. I am not sure, but I think it
the caption "A Little of Everything." hospital and spend a little time at must have been very nearly a half a
His death which occurred just about a school. He was very weak, however, century ago that he was graduated
year ago brought them to a close. and he showed the signs of his strug- from Eastman's Business College,
Twenty years is a long time to con- gle. For a few months he came to Poughkeepsie, N. Y.— at that time the
tribute continuously to any one pub- school for an hour or two each day and largest of its kind in the country
lication. It must have been a source tried to get back into the routine and began teaching at the Bryant &
of much satisfaction to him to look again, but it was not to be. He was Stratton Business School, Manchester,
back over that period of time and forced to return to the hospital early N. H. In the years that followed he
consider the influence that radiated in 1925 where he lingered until spring. taught in many of the leading busi-
from those many articles. Hundreds I was not surprised, while at school ness schools and military academies
of teachers, students, and others in- last May, to receive a clipping telling in the country.
tere.sted in penmanship and commer- of his death. Services were held for While in charge of the advanced
cial education were inspired and en- him in the magnificent Skinner Me- bookkeeping department of the Roch-
tertained by his writings. morial Chapel. This chapel is located ester Business Institute he wrote the
It is my privilege, upon the invita- almost directly opposite the bank Modern Illustrative Bookkeeping text.
tion of the editor, to relate some of building in which is located the school He went to Rochester, upon the invi-
my experiences with him during the where he taught for so many years. tation of Williams & Rogers, to revise
last few years of his life, while I was one of their texts on bookkeeping. In-
associated with him as a teacher at stead of revising the old one he was
Thompson's Business School, Holyoke, assigned the task of writing a new
Mass. At the time of his death he text which had been begun by E. V.
had completed twenty years of serv- Neal. The original M. I. B. was, and
ice as manager of the Holyoke School. the revised edition still is, one of the
I realize that any effort on my part to most popular texts on the subject of
pav a fitting tribute to him will be bookkeeping. Had Mr. Cragin re-
futile. ceived a royalty for each copy sold,
My First Acquaintance With Him instead of having been paid for his
My first acquaintance with Mr. services, his income for many years
Cragin dates back to the summer of past would have been an excellent one.
1921. I was preparing for the en- Commercial teachers are criticised,
trance examinations to the commercial and often justly so, for having had no
department of the Salem, Mass., Nor- practical business experience. Mr.
mal School, and went to Thompson's Cragin was not one of these. When a
a few weeks "brushing up," on my young man he spent nine years in the
shorthand dictation. I had been out employ of the Corey Needle Co., a
of high school a year and my "short- small manufacturing plant. He was
hand speed car" had rusted from lack bookkeeper, traveling salesman, and
of use. CHAS. T. CRAGIN everything else. He covered Canada
As Miss Thompson opened the door During life it was a pleasure for him and most of the United States, east
of the dictation room to show me a to attend services there and listen to of the Mississippi, as well as keeping
class at work, the teacher, Mr. Cragin, Dr. Wicks in the pulpit or Prof. Ham- the books of the establishment. This
who was seated at a large table dic- mond at the organ. He was laid at practical experience was very valuable
tating to the students grouped about rest in Forestdale, one of Holyoke's to him in the preparation of his text.
him, raised his head, peered over his beautiful cemeteries. I have never seen, and never expect
glasses at us and then continued with As a Scholar to see, dictation classes as interesting
his work. He was an elderly looking Mr. Cragin was a great reader. In- as those conducted by him. Because
man, tall and rather stout, with grey variably he was seen with a news- of his extensive reading and the broad
hair and mustache. The day was very paper or book under his arm. He was background of teaching and business
warm and he wore a palm beach suit. thoroughly familiar with all current experience he was able to compose
This was his favorite apparel during topics and could talk and write most practically all of his dictation material
the warm summer months. It was a interestingly on news of the day. — letters, articles, and even court
familiar sight to see him strolling Every moniing he gave the students testimony. His eyes were not riveted
along High Street, wearing a tan palm a fifteen or twenty minute talk on on the pages of a book. His letters
beach and carrying a cane under his what he termed the "Day's Doings." were alive and interesting, and he
arm. He held his head high and had These talks, into which he wove much varied them both in speed and content
a certain dignity about his bearing humor, were greatly enjoyed by the to meet the needs of the individual
which made him stand out as a leader. students. pupils.
Mr. Cragin's Illness He read about every novel of any As a Man
I was surprised to receive a call account as soon as it was published There is a great diff'erence between
from Miss Thompson during July, and he was a steady customer at the knowing a person and knowing about
1924, telling me that Mr. Cragin was circulating libraries. While he was in a person. To those who knew Mr.
seriously ill in the hospital following the hospital I went in to one of the Cragin, who knew his joys and his
an operation. She asked me to sub- libraries to get a novel for him. In trials, — —
he was to use one of his fa-
stitute for the remainder of the sum- speaking of Mr. Cragin's work the vorite expressions "all wool and a
mer. This was my first teaching ex- librarian said that in her opinion he yard wide." Like all others his road
perience and I tried my best to fill the was one of the best literary critics in was not always an easy one, and at
shoes of a man who had grown old in the city. Feeling that it would cheer times when he was temporarily broken
the field of commercial teaching. him up a bit, I told him what she had (Continued on page 21)
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One of the Eleven Famous Pages by Madarasz


paKO he <]Uol.» a Id n by Madarasz to Mr. Crasin in which he speaks of the
In Mr. Ash's tribule <o Mr. CraEin, bfitinniiiK on 19.

above specimen.
which tribute is paid to one of America's greatest men by one of
America's finest penmen. Read
This is a maslerfull.v written specimen in
the life ot Lincoln and study the work of Madar I you will be fired with inspiration in abundance and a desire to atUin ireater heiKhla.
The II appear in the B. E., bcginninK in the September issue.
: : ;

^ *^^f3Bu4/n^iU^^i^iu^iih^ 21

A TRIBUTE TO ment of gracefulness, accuracy, and ting sail, I had the privilege of draw-
CHARLES T. CRAGIN skill." Pa.sted to the upper righthand ing from a storehouse of experience,
(Continued from page 19) corner is a small picture, below it are the equal of which was possessed by
the words "L. Madarasz, World Fa- very few.
in spiritliis cheerful disposition would
leave him. Those who knew him, knew mous Penman." It is Sunday evening. My room is
"why" of his moods and they liked The letter itself is as follows: quiet and silently lonely. My story is
him all the more. nearly done. I pause in the "typing of
Yale Ave..
He was very frank and open and 5.112
Knoxville. Tenn..
it to listen to the chimes playing in
would not hesitate to state candidly Feb. 10. '10.
the nearby church and as I do so, I
his opinions. fall into a reverie. Reveries are not
My dear Cragin
Very much battered but still on deck.
easy to describe. I always associate
His Friendship with Dennis I've been nigh the border several times with them the following .selection from
and Other Masters since the spring of '07 when I had a one of Longfellow's poems:
stunt with typhus pneumonia in Nev.. and
Mr. Cragin was intimately acquaint- it is only for the past 6 months that I've
"I see the lights of the city
ed with the following famous pen- been able to pick up the threads where I Gleam thru the rain and the mist
men: W. E. Dennis, L. Madarasz, C. left off. Cost $16,000 and 3 years time. And a feeling of sadness comes o'er me
P. Zaner and A. N. Palmer. But that's a hard luck story, and I want That my cannot
All of to forget it. I owe everything to the
soul resist.
these, with the exception of Palmer, watchful care of the little woman my — "A feeling of sadness and longing
have passed on, but in the penmanship oasis in life.
That is not akin to pain.
world their names are immortal. I am trying my hand at a little com- But resembles sadness only
position, (referring to 11 masterpieces As the mist resembles rain."
Dennis, Madarasz, and Palmer were which he prepared for THE BUSINESS
students at the Bryant & Stratton
Business School, Manchester, N. H.,
EDUCATOR, one of which is reprinted in
this issue entitled "Lincoln") and will
Mr. Cragin — as a teacher, as a man,
when Cragin went there to accept his
inflict them upon the Penmen through the
Business Educator. I want you to kindly
as
finest."
a friend — you were "one of the
first teaching position. read the three enclosed and give me a
cold blooded assay value. Which do you
Dennis died in June, 1925. Not long consider the best ? You handle language,
before this he was in Holyoke visiting to my notion, quite some. I am putting Charles H. Childs, of Newport, R. I.,
Cragin and while there he placed on in what little time I'm able to work in passed away April 19, at the age of
writing this stuff in ornate penmanship 76. For many years Mr. Childs was
one of the blackboards of the school
a beautiful specimen of his ornamental
and trying to get a $ a throw occasionally — prominent in Rhode Island and Massa-
2 bucks for a framing specimen.
penmanship. From time to time, as I want advice on what is considered the chu.setts as a grammar school and
best. I've several opinions and nothing commercial teacher. For sometime he
the work showed signs of wearing definite. Personally I like the Lincoln
away, Mr. Cragin was tempted to —
one still, Lincoln is such a great favorite was principal of Childs Business Col-
erase but he delayed in doing so
it, with me that I may be prejudiced. When lege of Newport, and was associated
you form your opinion it is going to be with his brother in a business college
until news
reached him of Dennis' my pleasure to send you a copy in pro-
death. He then retouched it and fessional writing. in Providence. He was a member of
wrote below it the name, W. E. Dennis, How i*^ the world treating you? Very the E. C. T. A., and of the New Eng-
and the date of his death. It still re- good,I hope. We would like to have you land Business College Association.
come and dine and smoke the pipe of
mains on the wall of the school, but peace with us.
it has been retraced so many times
that it has lost the original graceful
Yours as ever.
L. MADARASZ. LOCKYEAR CATALOG
lines. Nearby is some of Mr. Cragin's A
large attractive, and out of the
own work. To those who "know," One of the last articles written by ordinary, catalog has been received
this ornamental penmanship is more Mr. Cragin, entitled "Three Master from Loekyear's Business College,
than a work of art; between its grace- Craftsmen," appeared in the Decem- Evansville, Ind. It is one of the most
ful lines may be read the story of two ber, 1924, number. It sketches the lives pretentious catalogs we have seen for
old-timers who were friends for nearly of Madarasz, Zaner, and Dennis. This some time.
half a century. article was written shortly before he It is printed on a greenish paper
l.a.'t summer while clearing out returned to the hospital the last time. with two colors of ink, and each page
some files at school I came across two There is a spirit of sadness about it
, is decorated with a delicate border of
letters which were written to Mr. which leads one to believe that Mr. schoolroom and college scenes, and in-
Cragin and which I knew he treasured Cragin knew that before long he would formation regarding the school stands
very much. I am taking the liberty "join the great majority." Perhaps if out very prominent.
of copying them here. One was from I quite the final paragraph you will
It is profusely illustrated with
Zaner, who back in 1907, while editor catch the spirit of the article. schoolroom scenes, business houses,
of this magazine, invited Cragin to "Itwas a great shock to me, when ba.sketball and other athletic teams,
contribute to it. The letter is beauti- somebody in Providence wrote to in- and photographs of the officers and
fully written and is as follows: form me that Dennis was dead, teachers, among whom we see our
after a three days' illness. I ex- good friend H. L. Godfrey, who spent
2-20-'lS. pected him around here on his an- six weeks with us in the Zanerian
My dear Cragin nual summer tramp, but he is only College last summer.
Within find check for the April contri-
bution which arrived at a convenient time a pleasant and cherished memory to
for me to read and send to the printer those friends, who like myself are
before leaving the city to attend the Super- looking towards the sunset. Who K very choice catalog has been re-
intendents' Convention at Atlantic City.
knows, in the great hereafter, hid- ceived from Beacom College, Wilming-
This "Stracoma" story is a gripper. at ton, Del. It is printed on a highly
lease it so appeals to me. and I want to den from mortal vision, if we may
congratulate von upon its merits. You not meet again these 'Three Master coated enamel paper, with large clear
ought to get at least $100.00 for this story.
Craftsmen' of my sketch?" type and plenty of schoolroom illus-
Most appreciatively. trations. The general make-up of the
C. P. ZANER. I regret that I could not have taught
catalog is indicative of refinement and
longer with Mr. Cragin. When I re- thoroughness.
Tlie other letter, from Madarasz, turned from Salem to enjoy a few
shows signs of wear. It was written days' vacation from school I always
in 1910 and I am sure that in the years looked forward to having a chat with Paul W. Dobson, the coming young
following Mr. Cragin removed it from Mr. Cragin and the other teachers at penman, Clarington, Pa., sent us
the file many times and had pleasant school. There seemed to be no end some very nice, well written, calling
memories as he read it. Attached to to his knowledge of commercial edu- cards. We hope to see more of Mr.
the letter are two pages taken from cation and the people engaged in it. Dobson's work from time to time, and
The Business Educator which contain He talked so interestingly of men, we may sometime have the pleasure
specimens from the pen of Madarasz. leaders in this field, who to most com- of reproducing some of it. Mr. Dobson
To quote from the comments below mercial teachers are known only in has the ability to become a real first-
the specimens: "They are the embodi- name. As a young teacher, just set- class professional penman.
Q^

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Road "Kamom Leitfrs." page 23


t^J^ii<i/n^^^/iu:a^^ ^
FAMOUS LETTERS one supeivisor expressed the hope that vania. All of the schools will be
The (see page 22) of appre-
letter this same idea would be carried out under the direct supervision of T. B.
ciation and announcement of the 11 at later conventions. (Another opin- Cain, who in addition to his school
masterpieces, prepared for THE ion expressed was that those particu- duties, has been recently elected Presi-
BUSINESS EDUCATOR in li»10, by lar boys and girls, after having had dent of the Clarksburg Advertising
L. Madarasz, was written by E. W. three penmanship lessons within an Club and President of the Clarksburg
Bloser. Without a doubt this is one hour from three different supervisors, Baseball Club of the Mid-Atlantic
of the most beautiful and charming wouldn't need any more instruction in League.
letters ever published. One of the writing for a week.)
Madarasz pages is reprinted on page The other feature of Thursday was MENTAL MEANDERINGS
20 of this issue. the banciuet in the evening; but be- (Continued from page 17)
E. A. Lupfer. fore speaking of that we must not for-
with a raucus fanfare of horn hoot-
get the delightful visit to Spencerian
ing, and then sooner or later, but gen-
NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF School on Wednesday afternoon, at
erally sooner, petered out to nothing-
PENMANSHIP SUPERVISORS the invitation of the genial E. B. Mer-
ness. I have jotted down at random,
(Continued from page 7) ville, President. It was fitting that
the following list of a dozen or so, of
the Supei-visors of Penmanship should
Miss Lucretia Cavanah, Cleveland, these startling but evanescent wonders
pay tribute here to the memory of
"How I Arouse Interest and Enthu- Piatt R. Spencer, Sr., whose pupils,
most of which our older readers will
siasm in My Schools." Miss Cavanah recall.
Messrs. Lusk and Stratton, founded
said this was not her subject, but she The "Water-Cure," a cult that swept
the school in 1855. Mr. Spencer him-
gave some good suggestions for arous- the country some ninety years or so
.self was instructor in penmanship in
ing interest, anyway. ago, and proposed the cure of all dis-
the school, and was aftei-wards super-
A. M. Hinds, Louisville, "How to visor of penmanship in the Bryant & ease by unlimited water, administered
Impi-ove Our Penmanship Methods." Stratton chain. The Spencerian School both internally and externally. It
Mr. Hinds outlined a new corception was named for Piatt R. Spencer, Jr., numbered many devotees, also many
of the functions of the Supervisor of who was one of the proprietors from victims.
Handwriting which will afford much about 1878 to 1895. The "Blue Glass Theory," a "dis-
food for thought to those who had the After visiting the spacious class- covery" by a Civil War general named
privilege of hearing him, or who shall rDoms of the Spencerian, and examin- Pleasanton, by which everybody was
read his paper. ing the many beautiful specimens of to be regenerated both in health and
Dr. Frank N. Freeman, Chicago, penmanship to be found there, many mind, by taking daily sun-baths in
outlined the work for the six grades of them of great historic interest, the light filtered through glass stained a
of the elementary school, makinff spe- visiting supei-visors were served de- dark blue. For a time one could see
cific suggestions as to just what should licoius strawberry shortcake in the these blue glass bath attachments to
be taught. cafeteria. houses in nearly every town.
Miss Jean G. Farr, Flint, Michigan,
gave us an accumulation of evidence
Then on Thursday nie-ht came the Liquid Air. This came through
banquet. Supervisors of penmanship laboratory experiments some thirty
to prove that handwriting is still of
great importance. —
are noted for four good things good years ago, but was taken up by a
The Executive Committee, consist-
looks, good manners, good humor, and "blue sky" outfit in New York, who
good writing. All but the writing was through specious advertising, soon had
ing of Misses Nystrom, Benbow and
McCalmont, and Messrs. Miller and —
on display that night and the pupils almo.st the whole country all worked
of Madison School, Lakewood, had up over the idea that lic|uid air was
Houston, desen'e great credit for the
furnished the good writing in the to completely revolutionize all our in-
splendid program. Accident and ill-
beautiful menus. There were gener- dustries. Many lost their entire sav-
ness kept four of the speakers away,
ous portions of splendid food, rousing ings in this humbug.
but in spite of this the program was
songs under the direction of Tom Saw- In the educational world, there suc-
a fine one.
Tliursday had two features other
yier of Milwaukee — —
both famous and cessively came, vertical writing, the
some short talks by Mr. Bachtan-
than listening to addresses. The first
was a visit to Cleveland schools. In
— —
kircher "Oh, boy!" Miss Shaw, Miss
Tonic sol fa system, the Ratio Num-
ber Method, reform spelling, the
Ely, Supt. Lynch and Mr. Skeeles.
the morning the entire association .';tenotype, and numerous lesser disap-
So we say again, it was a splendid pointments, that .stalked briefly and
went to Tremont School, one of the
meeting. noisely across the stage, and then
large.st in the country, enrolling some
3450 pupils, and having more than a were relegated to the limbo provided
hundred teachers. Here we were al- T. B. Cain, President of West Vir- for "ideas that are not ideas." At the
lowed to see punils in all grades at ginia Business College, with schools time they were at the front, there
their penmanship lessons. Miss L. at Clarksburg, Fairmont, Grafton, W. were many thousands of people that
Edith Herbert is the special teacher Va., will open a new school in were so sure that they were really
of writing in this school, and to her Jeanette, Pa., Mondav, June 21. The great discoveries and had come to
and to Mr. Barnett many compliments J'^aiette school will be known as the stay, that they would have risked
were paid for the good work wit- Office Training School and will be their la.st dollar on the proposition.
nessed. under the management of L. W. Cain, (And some of them did!) Yet where
After lunch, served in the cafeteria B a graduate of Muskingum Col-
S., are all these wonders now ? There is
of Tremont School, some of the boys lege, New Concord, Ohio, who for the not even an echo to answer.
and girls ofl'ered themselves as sub- past two years has been principal of Now, this miraculous new speed
jects for the work of three supervisors, the West Virginia Business College at writing which can "be learned in 18
Mrs. Wilcox, Dayton, O.. Miss Munn, Fairmont. W. Va. He will have charge days" may be all that is claimed for
Davenport, Iowa, and Miss Nvstrom, of the Business Department. Miss it, but remembering the stenotype,
Minneapolis, Minn. It looked to be Vae Lawman, of Weston, W. Va., a and a dozen or so of other shorthand
a difficult situation for both teachers graduate of the Teacher's Course of sv.stems for which the same lurid

and pupils on a platform before a the West Virginia Business College, claims have been made, I am inclined
hundred expert pairs of eyes, with Clarksburg, who has been teaching in to reserve judgment till the first
each of the three teachers in turn ap- the FaiiTnont school durine the past shouting is over.
proaching a strange class, to teach in year, will have charge of the Steno-
a way strange to the pupils. But the graphic Department. Theodore Swartz,
supervisors were equal to the task, foTOierly wnth Douglas College, Mc- Mr. James J. Toner of Boston is a
and instantly won the approval of the Keesport, Pa., will be registrar. The new commercial teacher in the Merrill
boys and girls: while the boys and West Virginia Business Colleges are Business School, Stamford, Conn.
girls in turn followed instructions un- drawing students from all over West Miss Ednah Warner of Fitchburff is
falterinely. It was an instructive fea- Virginia a-^d enroll many from South- also a new teacher in this Stamford
ture of the convention and more than ern Ohio and Southwestern Pennsyl- school.
^^Jf^uJ/n^ii^^ii^eua^^ ^
Miss Doris E. Ireland, thi.s year
commercial teacher in the High School
at Port Henry, N. Y., has accepted a
similar position in the Granville. N.
Y., High School for the coming year.
jlJJ
oC-ral-c Htc .^nntvcrsaro of tixc t^"•«^.^trLC| of
FTj-'Hcl-ft
Mr. iSorman B. Clark of Boston has
* \h.c Vciivcr Vounci lllcn's LkrisHan^^ssociaHisn. also recently accepted a position with the
Ttiarfe^ 4l\c Owcntv-fif+it ^^ar of iltc Prcsibcncv cf rTrrtA m-.m rm - Woodbury Business College, Los An-
geles, Cal.
Mr. Oscar Palmquist of Lindsberg.
Kansas, will teach the coming year in
the Mound Valley, Kansas, High
School.
||r w^'xs in }fi.c ^ccjinninci of fixe vcar li'Ol «uib kc wcis- Miss Emma F. Norton of Cam-
bridge, Mass., is now teaching com-
^j^^i^ixcscn Prcsibcnh ixavinq tccn clcclc^ a "Director ire mercial work in the High School at
1^£)? an> Vice- Prosi^cn^• in "li"»00. In tl\e5c >avs H\c>l5soeia- Hastings-on-Hudson, N. Y.
Kon was quartercb in Mr. O. T. Swanson, recently with
rcntcb rooms vi^im alVcOst pri'niiWve
the Youngstown, 0., Business College,
a small mcmlvrsfti-p an^ suy-porh rwai is now teaching in the Jamestown, N.
f'mcnh l-'ul" f^Trl.ilc^
Y., Business College.
l^pirCu b^ {kc virile feobersllip of tfiis eo^tsccra!:o^ ma« Mr. Raymond .Stough, this year
Itc cilv was aroiiscb l"o an apyrocTaKoit oj" the possittli-Kcs with the High School at Johnsonburgh.
Pa., is to be the new head of the Com-
oj" Mxe orcianisahon an^ c^•lalYeni^c^ f'v l\is example op unsoffislv mercial Department of the Mitldle-
cfivinii which, up b iKah ^ime"l\a^ luirMv teen ev^^la^le^ in Denver, town, N. Y., High School the coming
a fvxreie f a^^ was rv1tse^ ar^b ^^ ^'^ vear It^OT Hie preseni j\s- year.
Miss Ethel Hagen of Farmington,
sociaiion l>iiift>ittcj i^a^ been coiislructei a.nb bebtcataJ> )v>r.-y« Minn., has recently accepted a posi-
^ork. among E»oyS anb mcrt. i3iLaiK3iau3iEa tion to teach commercial work in the
Milaca, Minn., High School.
Mr. Martin Jacabson of Perth Am-
boy, N. J., will teach next year in the
Norman Tower. Ba s Commercial School, De engrossed the above. Mr. Tow Commercial Department of the North
taming: ont ver>- fir *ork. Each specimen we pen seems to be a little better Plainfield. N. J., High School.

Thin beautiful »perim f Americas moat


skillful penmen and teach ore of his pupils comes to th« |

Zanerian to specialize in
f^^^iid/n^^d^fS^/iua/ir' ^ 2B

Ornamental Penmanship
By H. L. DARNER, Samson Motor Co., Pittsburgh, Pa.

i-i^iyLi>C^

f_^
PREPARING FOR BIG President Willard J. Wheeler at- Mr. Clay D. Slinker, Director of
CONVENTION tended the recent meetings of the Business Education, De.s Moines, Iowa,
Eastern Commercial Teachers' Asso- expects to teach two courses in Com-
National Commercial Teachers' Fed-
ciation in Des Moines. He confidently mercial Education in the Summer
eration Meets in December.
predicts that thei-e will be one thou- School of the University of Michigan
The National Commercial Teacher.s' sand or more to attend the meetings next summer. One course will deal
Federation has a program in cour.se of the Federation. with the principles of Commercial
Mr. Henry J. Holm is local chair- Education. The former will deal with
of preparation which will prove both
man and is well fitted both by ability the kinds of schools dealing with com-
pleasant and profitable to all who at- mercial education, the general con-
and experience to handle a conven-
tend the meetings of the Federation tion of this kind. trolling principles in each field and
which are to be held in Chicago, De- the relation of commercial education
At a meeting of the Executive Com- to the other fields of education. The
cember 28, 29, and 30, mittees, composed of Willard J.
course in Secondary Commercial Edu-
Wheeler, Birmingham, Alabama; C.
There will be addresses by promi- cation will have to do largely with
M. Yoder, Whitewater, Wisconsin; C. curriculum building, courses of study,
nent speakers and the entertainment T. Smith, Kansas City, Missouri, and
etc.
features will be unusually good. In Ivan E. Chapman, Detroit, Michigan,
addition to the public and private held May 1st in Chicago in conjunc- Miss Marion A. Van Buren, this
school departments there are now tion with the local committee thirty year a commercial teacher in the Wal-
round tables of shorthand, bookkeep- men and women were present, and den, N. Y., High School, has accepted
ing, penmanship, and colleges and much enthusiasm for the success of a position for the coming year in the
universities. the meeting was evidenced. High School at Peekskill, N. Y.
^ ^^^f^uJ//i^^^//iu^i/h^

E. E. Jackson, Wilmineton. Licl.. decorated our SiKnulure Page thii nlh. We do not kn conception of ideal
penmen or not.
Below arc the names and addresses of the penmen whose signatures appear on this page.

C. Leipholx Head of Commercial Dept. Strayers Busineu Colleire nHltimnrc. Md.


J*.
W. H. Morgan. — — Penman Panther. W. Va
Way _ _ Success Business College „ _ _ _ Winnipeg. Man..
Bowes _ _ Bryant & Stratton School.. Boston. Ma
Harold F. Hudson _ _ _ High Sch ton. N.
E. Q. Anderson _ _ _ Penmanship Teacher. Long Lake School... Marine on St.
J. W. Young „ _ Penmanship Teacher. Esther high School. Esther. Mo.
C. C. Hustetler. Head Commercial Dept. High School Ravenna. Ohio
A. B. Cox Secretary J. Wesley Dickson & Co Chicago, III.
£ ^-'i'*'"" — - ^'^'^^ Business College Braddock
T. P. Adams _ .Teacher of Penmanship „ _ _ Melros-

^ r^J^u^/i^di'(^^<^iu^i/h^ 27

IS YOUR CLASS AS ENTHU-


SIASTIC AS THIS ONE?
Enclosed please find my check for
one dollar for which please send me
extra copies of the December number
of THE BUSINESS EDUCATOR.
This number in which our school was
represented proved so popular that
the copies disappeared before all of
the subscribers received their copies. Jt ha5 ploosoiylliiiiqhl:^ t:uH\ in Tjis iijCmitc ujiAVjk.Io
I find THE BUSINESS EDUCATOR roinoi't' from his 0tii-"ritlurtctii'ihi.'5:' r^i0cinilIClUT,
the most helpful thing I can get hold
of and I hope to convince my classes
that it is very much to their advantage
to take it and study it. The fact that
RAf nruinal lRi»rncr,
pupils from our school have succeeded PrimaU' of Bi.^i|iuin,
in getting into the pages of this fine nthiv^c I115.5 15 \i\\ \\\xixx^\o\\\ /hi xv\\o(c cii'iliiCii ;i'orli», on.
paper gives an added impetus to their
work. ~^ ' ' -1 ['t'l'firo, Ihciciinv, be if
-'
— -'-
i

With thanks for your encourage-


ment and most sincere good wishes ]^t>iiallic6, t^liiil paiplc tilhu'ci fhc uv.i;^ ;imI1'
for your continued succe.ss and ad-
vancement in the Penmanship field,
I am,
a^i'.-;V fifiu'clji ili5}>l"iu(c«5 Hij 1^15 C; miiK'ticJ in u'lnhiit-
Cordiallv vours, iiyfluMncmt'or^ of (iis llivkii'lici? Hicfj uviv owiro^.^o*^ ii\
lONE GARDINER, Ihc han'tfhip5 o\' \\\c\.a\i wax. ^hc pi-opk' oF J^vraiilor.
Alameda High School.
Alameda, Calif.

HER NAME WAS MAUD


(Continued from page 18)
mtf;| \\i\ow hqiia' ci flic ui'ar aiu* Loafvr api^ii l!n!_
some other boys to come and work in
the same office, for the business was
growing and Patrick knew what these giirrh Dt?|jri'C qf ijic KnuilThmf^iluuiliutr
lads c^uld do. The same spirit pre- \£>h.i iiiu'iofii oF (iFl iriYi*5 \o 1*0 linn Ijoiioi uiiiFahiuu!.- .

vailed in Business as had in the school-


room. Promotions came thick and linqor [n iiiir mcmiTij a:> a fn(Fi| ivniariiaWc iVn;on>hu
fast but this has been conjectured by h'on tiF'^t'iiuini' rospat : ^ He i> fijrlkor
the reader ere this for what one does
|3l*SlTllICd^ £^fiat5aunK)i! CoanaFluiyhl.-^ oiCcV
in the schoolroom, so will he do in
the Business World. He gets out of JlJ.^llll^";l^ awn* iL--/iYJnJi)5 ci iVcp c=!jinpath;( aia* \\\\\
his school —
no matter where it is ciyio^st\*tvpij oFfht'^c
just what he puts in
less.
no more no— —
ii!'

I ZZ 1 ..'^uau'J-HT in h'is b,o\u


la-oliitiiv!--: be
of(u-c. 1

fi"'iaMicV\i fo \\\i-
1

Today, Mr. Flynn, as he is known iCiirtiii P.Kt'rini^t|,ti)ui(iri)2T Ct/neff, rmiik X) Qimjlilin.


now, is in New York City and his re-

'



muneration you see he has advanced

not salary now remuneration is —
vIjduiillMiMil;, P.'l.L-iiM'ii cnill/niiil'^ru'iiii,

quite handsome.
Yet some of his old buddies are still
hanging around the mines working at
the same old job and saying the same
old words, "Whoa, there, Maud." When
Patrick Joseph drives up the road in nple. practical Scrant on. Pa. Much of
iing today is villdo well to studv and
the patch in his limousine to visit his i

old parents, every summer he never — of work. Mr. Ci


rossing during th
practic al up-to-the-minute

forgets his parents either they all —



say he is lucky I don't know whether

he is or not I'll leave that to Maud.
visors and teachers everywhere will .Mr. Ralph S. Rowland of Bethany,
REPORT OF 1926 MEETING order copies for themselves and for Neb., is the new head of the commer-
The published report of the Cleve- their friends in the profession. cial work of the Plattsmouth, Neb.,
land meeting will be ready for distri- There are still on hand a number High School.
bution June 15. A copy will be mailed of copies of the 1924 report, contain- -Mr. Roy H. Paynter, this year with
to each member. ing many valuable papers. While the School of Engineering of North-
This report will contain a complete they last, copies of this report may eastern University, Boston, has been
account of the proceedings of the con- be had for only ten cents each. Place elected to head the Commercial De-
vention as well as a list of members. one in the hantls of every one of your partment of Russell Sage College,
Two especially notable addresses were teachers of penmanship. Troy, N. Y., for the coming year.

given at Cleveland that by Dr. Bi.xby Orders for either of these reports
of Cleveland on "The Qualities of the should be sent to the Treasurer, Miss
Supeivisor," and that by Dr. Freeman Mvrta L. Elv, Supervisor of Writing Some very neat lettering for the
of Chicago University on "Motivating Public Schools, St. Paul, Minn. lettering contest was received from
the Teaching of Handwriting." A the pupils of Brandon College, Bran-
supeivisor could afford to pay fifty Miss Lois Wolff, now at Valley City, don, Man., Canada. Mrs. Annie E.
cents each to hear these addresses. N. D., is a new commercial teacher in Wriglit is the penmanship teacher.
But in order to place the report in the High School at Devils Lake, N. D. Unfortunately, the ink used on these
the hands of a large number of per- Jlr. Joseph Slater of Newark, N. J., specimens is blue and therefore could
sons, the price has been fixed at only has recently accepted a position with not be entered in the contest. Other-

twenty cents a copy less than cost. the Drake Business College, Eliza- wise, one or two of these specimens
This is done with the hope that super- beth, N. J. possibly would have won a prize.
^ f^^^uJ/n^U'ia^/iu^i^h^
DR. H. M. ROWE SUCCUMBS
A
clipping from a Baltimore news-
paper has been received stating that
Dr. H. M. Rowe, of the Rowe Publish-
ing Company, died May 10 in St.
Agnes' Hospital.
Dr. Rowe was 67 years of age and,
as our readers know^ was one of the
leading authors and publishers of
commercial text books, and did much
towards developing and popularizing
commercial education.
He was a very prominent and active
business man, being head of a large
building and construction company in
addition to his publishing business.
In the death of this pioneer com-
mercial educator the fraternity has
sustained a very great loss.

A dcliBhtfui letter from our old friend and former pupil of the Zanerian Colleire. J. D. Mr. T. W. Wauchope of Hamilton,
Carter, contained the above strokes from his skillful pen. The engraving docs not do Ontario, is a new commercial teacher
the original justice, due to the paleness of the ink used and to the delicacy of the lines. in the Drake Business School at Pater-
Mr. Carter is now with Lake View College, one of the Metropolitan Business Colleges
of Chicago. son, N. J.
We quote from his letter:
"I have often viewed with pleas of my former classmates there have
work some Miss Mary E. Lawton of Patchogue,

'

done— J. D. Todd— E. W. Stein- Fearon and others. They, as well as my good N. Y., will teach commercial subjects
friend. Mr. C. W. Norder, with it was my pleasure to work over three years, are the coming vear in the Vallev Stream,
stilli busy field of today
They of the Za s are ever showing that our todays and yester- N. Y., High School.
days the
Mr. W. T. Cameron, this year head
of theCommercial Department of the
Woonsocket, R. I., High School, has
AT THE BEDSIDE OF S. E. LESLIE accepted a position for the coming
year with the new Bulkeley High
School at Hartford.
Miss Alfreda Wheeler, who will be
graduated from Bay Path Institute,
Springfield, Mass., in June, has ac-
cepted a position to teach in Mont-
pelier, Vt., Seminary the coming year.

WANTED men imd


Penmanship
all students
to try
Meub's rrofessional Oblique Penholder. I puar-
nntte you will do better penmanship, because
I adjust each holder to make true, clear-cut
shades. Made of the finest imported woods,
and inlaid with Parisian Ivory. The cost is
Jl.fiO and you may pay the postman.
Your money back if not satisfied.
A. P. MEUB, Expert Penman
2365 Mar Vista Ave. Pasadena. California

Just Plain Facts


Af'cr altendinir the bfsl penmanship schools
in America and takint; several correspondence
courses from the most prominent penmen I
wa.s a complete failure as far as the power to
execute and the possessinK of a correct
knowledfEe of the teach ins of penmanship
While the meeting at were concerned.
attending!: In reviewing the accident, Mr. Les-
Cleveland la.st week, we visited Mr. S. lie thinks that he was very fortunate I was dctermnied )o fcet satisfaction if it

in not being killed outright. The cuts took me a lifetime, and it did. but I i:ot it.
E. Leslie at the General Ho.'ipital at
and bruises on his good right hand 1 tried two hundred different
out over
Bedford, Ohio. have entirely healed up and the only me'hods of practice and ha%e evolved a theory
You no doubt read in the Ma.v num- obstacle to his speedy recovery seem.'; and practice which is scientifically correct
ber that Mr. Leslie's automobile in to be the two bones which are broken accordinK to the teachinK^ of psyholof^y,
which he was riding: was hit by a fast in his right leg. Mr. Leslie seems to phys'oloiry and mechanics. All the myHteries
train near Bedford, Ohio, on Monday, view the accident with so much optim- concernioK the developins: of control are solved
April 12. ism that his visitors almost forget to my entire satisfaction.
It seems that Mr. Leslie waited at that they are not visiitng him in his To prove the truth of the above
the railway crossing near Bedford studio. ill ilc ards
until a lonp; freight train passed by. If you will look Reo, six
at the for 3:ic which will demonstrate toany judire
the efficiency of my method. Your money
The noise and smoke from this freight cylinder, 50 h. p. sedan in the show- back if you are disappointed.
train did not permit him to hear or room of your local dealer and then Later I expect to offer a correspondenc*
-see the passenger train which was ap- view the wreck below, you will agree course. All iiuestions asked will be answereil
proaching at the rate of about 60 with us that "Divine Providence" has throufrh the columns of the B. E.
miles an hour on the other track. The preserved Mr. I>eslie's cheerful smile
train hit Mr. Leslie's machine S(|uare- and his skillful hand for a continuance E. H. TIJLLIS
ly, hurling it nearly 200 feet. of the work of which he is a master. 1611 Blake St. DENVER, COLO.
.^^^iO/n^d^^i&u^i^^^ ^ 29

When E. L. Brown. Rockland. Me., sent us the above beautiful flourish he wrote:
"The penman who aspires to great skill should become proficient in Flourishing, and the engrosser who can add flourished
strokes to German Text and Old English Lettering with the bold offhand movement ^an Dwiduce flourishing which is far
superior to that in which the lines are drawn mechanically. It also means a great s wing of time."
Isn t the above a beauty? Mr. Brown will continue to contribute to the B. E., for the coming year, and we promise you
that his work will be better than ever. Each year finds his work a little more artist c and more interesting.
M^ r^^J^u^'/i^^<^^/!fU^i^
PENMANSHIP IN PARKERSBl RG, W. VA.
Two large packages of .'specimen.': were expressed to
us by Supervisor of Penmanship, R. W. Carr, Parkers-
burg, W. Va.
After carefully examining and re-examining these
specimens we found over 1,200 students, in the gram-
mar grades and junior high schools, who have reached
our certificate standard.
Mr. Carr, teachers, and pupils are to be compli-
mented on their excellent results. We do not recall
liaving recently seen so large a number of specimens
of such a high general average. May the good work
continue.

OTSEGO PUPILS WIN


In the district contest in shorthand and typewriting
held in Plainwell. Mich., April 24, in which fourteen
high schools participated, the Otsego High School
pupils won the championship. Miss Maxine Anderson
and Clara Bluthardt, both of Otsego, made the highest
record, writing over 66 net words.
Mrs. J. A. Ferguson has charge of the typewriting
Card Carving by H. C. Rice, 9.> Milk SI.. BostOTi. Mas department. We
are well acouianted with Mr. J. A.
Ferguson of the commercial department, who in 1916
attended the Zanerian College of Penmanship.

Mr. John A. Merles, of Neosho, Mr. Frank H. Ash, recently with


Wis., has recently accepted a position Thompson's Business School, Holyoke, A prepared circular on en-
well
with the Roosevelt Junior High School, Mass., has accepted a position with the grossing has been received from
East Chicago, Ind. Drake Business School, Paterson, N. J. Arthur P. Myers, 963 E. Market St.,

The WEST and ALASKA Accompanying the


Y'ork, Pa. circu-
lar was a very beautiful print of Mr.
Free En ncies than registrations last year, Myers' work. No doubt
Mr. Myers
MISSOULA. MONTANA would be glad any one a copy
to send
E. L. HUFF TEACHERS AGENCY
of this circular and print if you will
write to him.
Meub's Professional Oblique Penholders
^_|k|_apK|. This new oblique of mine has the proiier adjustment. a beauty, too. It is
rerun tn. and I ,vant you to trv one. SEND NO
MONEY. Simply write that you DAY AFTER DAY-1 am told:
wi^h to try rme of my new oblique holders. I will at once send you one. You pay the post-
man $1..>0 plus the mailing charges. (UVE IT A WEEK'S TRIAL. Then, if the holder does "Your book. "Penmanship Made Easy to Both
not come up to your exnectations. if you don't think it is the finest penholder that you have Teacher and Student," meets a definite need. It
ever had in your hand to make true, clear-cut shades, return it and get your money back. fills a long-felt need, etc,"" A book that YOU
will usp daily, 120 pages, 75 cents per copy,
.\. P. METB. 236.T Mar Vista Ave.. Pasadena. Calif. H. M. HILL. Box 725. Columbia. S. C.

AN ART SUPPLEMENT (Fourteen by Twenty Inches)


EH M^aHER
Giving actual size patterns for cut-outs and illustrated
directions for construction problems, comes with ;JDESKlNERiHfllL:ii:n[liaEN(iROS;

THE SOUTHERN SCHOOL JOURNAL,


NEWPORT. K Y.
.SI. 00 per year
(Send for sample copy.)

EDWARD C. MILLS
any penholders on the market; but the MAGNUSSON PROFES- Script Specialists
nly penholder that has won its reputation on its own merit for
'ntal writing. The thin stem which is so desirable cannot be made suc-
p. O. Drawer 982 ROCHESTER. N. T.
eessfully with an tic lathe, then^fore they are HAND MADE of selected rosewood. (Look The finest script for Bookkeeping Illu»-
for the brand). "Magnusson Professional" hand turned holders are adjusted espccia'lj traiions, etc.. copy for which li prepared
for penmanship. 1 plain, each 35c; 8 inch inlaid. 75c; 12 inch plain. 75c; 12 inch for the engraver. Send copy for estimate.
Inlaid, $1.35.

A. MAGNUSSON, 208 N. 5th STREET, QUINCY. ILL.

A PROFITABLE VOCATION mOM CHADt


Learn to letter Price Tickets and Show Cards. It is CLEAN CtTT LET-
easy to do
TERING with our improved Ix^ttering Pens. MANY .STUDENTS ARE ENABLED TO CON-
RAPID. Diplomas^-''
TINUE THEIR STUDIES THROUGH THE COMPENSATION RECEIVED BY LETTERING
PRICE TICKETS AND SHOW CARDS, FOR THE SMALLER MERCHANT, OUTSIDE OF
SCHOOL HOURS. Practical lettering outfit consisting of 3 Marking and 3 Shading Pens. 1
CERTinCATES.
of Lettering Ink, sample Show Card in colors, instructions, figures and
alphabets
prepaid .
prepaiu 11,00 PRACTICAL
_ COMPENDIUM OF COMMEROAL PEN LLTTER-
^^^ ^^^ DESIGNS 100 Paget 8x11, contain-
ing 122 plates of Commercial Pen alphabets Catalog and Samples Free
finished Show Cards in colors, etc.— a complete
Catalogue free instructor for the Marking and
prepaid. One Dollar.
Shading Pen. BROWN
HOWARD & MAINE.
B PONTIAC, MICH., ROCKLAND.
The Newton Automatic Shediog Peo Company [>ept. U. S. A.
^ M^^uJ^n^^<^i^£u^i/h- ^ 31

Mailing Lists NEW BUSINESS


This is written Mey 1. Within the last th) ee or four weeks, our nominees have been engaged
by the Woodbury Business College. Los Ange les Beacom Business College. Wilmington. Del.
: ;

Merrill Business College. Stamford. Conn. D rake Business College. Paterson. N. J., and High
:

Schools at Charleroi. Pa. North Adams. Ma .s. Middletown. N. Y. and Hastings-on-Hudson,


; ; :

N. Y. also Russell Sage College. Troy. N. Y. May we help you?


;

THE NATIONAL CO.MMERCL^L TEACHERS AGENCY


(A Specialty by
E. E. GAYLORD. Mgr..

13**<-kf Acei^^nal oerVlt^e


QA«*vir«A °f ^^^^ °''dei- is rendered by THE OHIO TEACHERS
FOR SALE— Business School in splendid ter- f^rCjre&blUndl bureau in finding for trained and experienced
ritory. Well equipped. Possession any time.
Address Box 390. Care The Business Educa- operate in every State.
tor. Columbus, Ohio.
The Ohio Teacher's Bureau, 71 East State Street, Columbus, Ohio
FOR SALE 100 Single, Oak Business
College desks, with adjustable chairs. Good
condition. Price S6.0II. All or part.

GEO. H. MEEK
TEACHERS WE PLAGE YOU
Established 1906
%5sitions"'
Unexcelled Seryjce ^^ ^^^^^^ ,„,y ^gj^^x a^j College Gradgatei
Box 235 MARYVILLE, MO.
BRANCH OFFICES:
K0Ci<rMr-7£ACH£RS
Wanted-Manager or Partner
4IOL1.S.NAT.
AGENCY
BankBldc.Oenveo I'm »
Pgrtland.

N W. Baik lldi.
On. Minneapolis, Miin.

LiaiBir bchaiei
Kinsis City,

llalta Bl<t.
Mi.

Old established, hisrh grade, profitable business


collegre in population 26.l)(i0. wants a thorough-
ly qualified teacher of commercial department
and to act as manager. Salar>' and percent-
age, or interest in school preferred A-1 prop- — ALBERT TEACHERS' AGENCY
osition. ; E. Jackson Blvd., Chicago, 111. Symes Bldir.. Denver, Colo.
Address "WISCONSON", 17 Fifth Ave.. New York City. Peyton Bide., Spokane, Wuh.
Care Business Educator. Columbus. O. Forty-First year. We have secured PROMOTION for many thousands
of teachers. A large percentage of these were men and women in
CO.MMERCL\L BRANCHES. We need well prepared teachajs for good
Teachers Wanted positions in high grade schools. Our booklet contains a message for
you. Send for it.
Penmanship or Commercial,
Fine Salaries.
NATIONAL TEACHERS AGENCY POSITIONS FOR TEACHERS-
Philadelphia, Pa.
Pittsburgh, Pa.
Indianapolis, Ind.
Syracuse, N. Y.
Northampton, Mass. BUSINESS COLLEGES FOR SALE
Splendid salaries, choice positions, beginning and experienced teachers wanted.
Write for free literature: state qualifications briefly. Money makins busincH
colleges for sale. —
Write for particulars no charge.
FOR SALE CHEAP Address M. S. COLE. Sec'y.

A business college with 18 years* good wil CO-OPERATIVE INSTRUCTORS ASS'N, 41 Cole Bldg., MARION, IND.
back of it for less than one year's receipts
A small payment down, balance from receipts
Address BOX 588. Ca
Educator. Coluir
September Calls for High School Commercial
Teachers from 31 States!
We now have on file direct calls for commercial instructors from
superintendents in 31 different states. Other calls are coming in
daily. If you desire a better position for September, try our
service.

CONTINENTAL TEACHER S' AGENCY


BOWLING GREEN, KENTUCKY.

GET THIS SERVICE more than fifty magazines,


Space in
methods, and contact with
direct
15,000 members, keeps us in touch with leading schools and
colleges. Commercial teachers are in demand. If on our list,
POLK'S REFERENCE BOOK you won't miss the good openings. Write for details.
FOR DIRECT MAIL ADVERTISERS
Shows how to increase your business by
the use of Direct Mall Adtertlslng. 60 races
full of vital business facts and figures. ^Vho,
where and how many prospects you have.
Over 8,000 lines of business coyered.
Write for your FREE copy. Specialists' Educational Bureau
R. L. POLK &. CO., Detroit, Mich.
SOT POLK BUILDING Robert A. Grant, President, Odeon Bldg., St. Louis, Mo.
Branches In principal cities of U. S.
i.vVvA"-''''

iicctiiiatlib*

iulii,hH|

iviiiii^vVily vpii^autot

tllC CllllllClltllJ cons =cal-

ous aii^ cffic iiicc5 of

^'^^ ""^^jii^u^^^^ ^--^


_

mliosc t1^^llllli5tlnlloll lui^ been cllilvav:tcrl~c^ Ini^juclui


mal1lc^ \\pvc of cxcailiuc rtbilitu a< to inspire liis fciloiu

tiicmlvi\s nil a iciisc of pivfcuu^ cslcciii an^ a^iiiiralioii.

tilutUhc ^Tiuiiib oftlic-'Rsioc'ifition tire ciiiiiicully vuc


aiK^ hereby e^telK^*^ lo JOHN M.BEli,IlllastiluUestimolwof
hi^ iiio;>t Mmbk sei'i'iccs; -Hn^ be it finlhcr

'"""••"IS
^'^'- '1\«^5'-"'l'iti'Mi ^''-' JpvctiJ upon tlic ii\iii
'^!'\fh'^^
:.:^lv,,UtC5 of llll? iiicctiiu\ iXll^ tllttl nil ciuuv.^scJ i.llMlillilJIi.iUIC

*;copu vf the 5rtmc Ivyivsciilci tclllr.lx^U.

^IIIIIIIUMUmtdlMlllllllllffi

EiiKromtinK by Arthur P. Mcycr>, York. Pa.


^ f^^^u^/i^^^<(/iu^i^?^ 8S

BOOK REVIEWS Assuring Business Profits, by James


H. Rand, Jr. Published by the B. C.
LEARN PENMANSHIP AT HOME
Information about my course in Modern Busi-
Our readers are interested in books of merit, Forbes Publishing Company, New ness Writing will be sent you upon request.
Correct Calling Cards, 35c doz. Diplomas
but especially in books of interest and value York City, N. Y. Cloth cover, 245 made or filled.
to commercial teachers, including books of pages.
special educational value and books on busi-
ness subjects. All such books will be briefly Here isa book that will throw an entirely
reviewed in these columns, the object being to light on your business thinking. It will
give sufficient description of each to enable nths
our readers to determine its value.
profits may be assured fo busin
The New Standard Letterer and Show mathematical certainty.
Card Writer, bv Maxwell L. Heller, —
James H. Rand, Jr. generally recognized as
one of the most successful young business men NEW CASTLE, PA.
M. A., LL. B. Published by Laird & in America— has sounded the keynote of a
Lee, Chicago, Illinois. Cloth cover, new philosophy of business. He has codified
a set of simple common
sense business laws
168 pages. — many of them never before written ^which —
Into this book has gone the experience of may be applied directly in any business from ARE VOL INTERESTED
twenty years of actual teaching of the art and the corner shop to the world wide corporation In The Latest
practice of lettering for the show-card and with startling results. Ue velopments in Commercial Education?
the poster and as many years of practical You will probably find "Assuring Business Special Summer Courses at
work in the trade. —
Profits" the most interesting and the most
profitable-reading you have done in years. Harvard University will help jou.
The method employed, therefore, is that of Bulletin on request.
the teacher of the art rather than that of the
artist. Rarely is the accomplished artist able Graded Exercises in Corrective
Drill DIRECTOR SUMMER SCHOOL,
to retrace and analyze his movemants. Most English in three volumes, by Boylan Ur iversityHall, CAMBRIDGE, MASS.
of these have become so habitual that wh^n
he attempts to explain or to teach, he most E. Taylor. Published bv ISToble &
often takes for granted those very steps which Noble, New York City, N. Y. The
need most emphasis. books are cloth cover, Book 1 con-
Having in mind the difficulties experienced
by the novice, as exemplified daily by the stu- taining 82 pages, Book 2, 103 pages PENMANSHIP BY MAIL
dents in his school, the author has carefully and Book 3, 131 pages. Thorough course in Business writing by a
analyzed each problem and has reduced all There has been steadily increasing de-
a graduate o£ the "Mills School." Pen-written
the steps involved in artistic show-card writing mand for a series of Drill Exercises in Correc- copies, typewritten instructions, red-ink criti-
to ver>' clear and definite rules and state- tive English that will be useful in the various cisms. See style in this Business Educator.
ments. Emphasis is placed not so much on individual grades. The authors of this Three
what to do as how to do it. Book Series have carefully tested thousands
Art teachers, students of commercial art, of exercises in actual classroom practice and
and business men and clerks who desire to then have selected and graded the material
make their own show-cards, will find in this accordingly.
book a wealth of detailed instructions as to In Book 1, intended for the Fourth and
materials and methods. The principles of Fifth Years, practically no grammatical terms
construction, arrangement, color and advertis- are included. The rules and exercises be-
ing value have received the same analytical come more comTirehensive in Book 2. while
attention that is given them in the classes of
TORONTO, ONT.
in Book 3 drill is provided for all Written and
the art schools. At the same time the purely Oral English that a pupil in the upper grades
theoretical and technical has been avoided as of th^ Elementary School may be expected
much as possible. to use. LEARN POLICY ENGROSSING and receive
a good salary. Twelve lessons will prepare
you to do the work. My experience of over
twelve years as policy writer enables
give guaranteed satisfaction. addren.

,Jk>u^e't-^
501 Pleasant St. HAMMONTON, New Jersey-

H!J. WAI
. VV TFR /\L. I i:.l\
222Porlai,eA»ena«
WINNEPFG. CAN-
WESTERN CANADA'S MASTER PENMAW
Will send you two pages of the finest com-
bination ornamental signatures, business
capitals, etc., ever produced in Western
Canada _ _..|0.6I
Set of business capitals and a forgery
proof signature of your name .10
3 dozen Visiting Cards 1.01
Samples of Penwork - .31
No Free Specimens

T. H. MILLER
Shading Pen Artist
Specimens from 25c to $5.00. Enclose
35c for challenge specimen. Mail
course circular free.
T. H. MILLER
Main St. CHARLESTON, MO.

Our good friend and f( mer pupil of the Zanerian College. C. Smeltzer. Director of the
Commercial Dept. of thi Modesto, Calif.. High School, sent u photographs of the two pieces
of blackboard work sho n above, executed by D. S. Hill, per anship teacher in the Modesto
High School. AN ORNAMENTAL STYLE. My course In
Ornamental Penmanship has helped hundreds
Mr. Hill is standing at the left side of the bottom photograph.
become PROFESSIONALS. Send for proof.
We consider these flourishes very skillful and congratulate Mr. Hill upon
Your name on cards, (six styles) if you send
We regret that the engraving could not be made clearer so as to sho\
10c. A. P. MEUB, Expert Penman, 2365 Mu
should be shown.
Vista Ave., Pasadena. Cal.
C^yi^^u^'/i^^^'^f/iu^j/h^ ^ ^

c^^y

/ _ — - Zaner6r B/o^er.Co/umt'us.O.^
Written by E. A. Lupftr. Zanerian College, Columbus. Ohic

We believe that W. E. Dennis, who executed thin Bpeeimen many years «KO, had no equal in work of this nature. It is one
of the finest pieces we have ever seen. It is well balanced, carefully arranged and sliillfully executed. It will stand minute

Those who desire to improve their skill or appreciation of flourJKhine or enerossinE can well afford to Aludy thin and other
work by Dennis.
;

^ t^i^^uJ//ieiU'<s^e/iu^a/h^ ^

BEST MADE ?V-'


jnsted.
clip
$1.50
set
with
and
thre*
ad-

R. C. KING, 701 Met. Life Bids.,

LEARN ENGROSSING
in your spare time at home.
Thirty Lesson Plates and
Printed Instructions mailed
Summer School for Commercial Teachers
to any address on receipt of Fourteenth Annual Session Three Months in Length
two dollars. Cash or P. O. BF.GINS JUNE FIRST; ENDS AUGUST FOURTEENTH
Money Order.
Full schedule of college rank. Twelve college hours offered. Student may start each year
p. W. COSTELLO to graduation. Graduation means certification in
where he left off last. This leads
Engrosser, Illuminator and
Designer most states.
Scranton Real Estate BIdg. Last five weeks term highly professional.
SCRANTON. PA. During this term student may earn twelve hours and get professional tone, recreation
and pleasure. He may also get a good position if he has none or a better position if he
is dissatisfied with the one he has.

Thirty-one states represented here last summer. Offering the best this year we have
ever given. Accredited by University of Kentucky. Rates reasonable.
Ask for full information including salary list.

COLLEGE OF COMMERCE
of the
BOWLING GREEN BUSINESS UNIVERSITY,
LEARN AT HOME DURING SPARE TIME BOWLING GREEN, KY.
Write for book. "Ho^ to Become a Good Pen Near Mammoth Cave
man," and beautiful specimens. Free. Youj
name on card if you enclose stamp. F. W
TAMBLYN. 406 Ridge BIdg.. Kansas City, M* CARDWRITERS' SUPPLIES
-ARTHUR r.lMYERS
FINE \KT ENUKOStSEK OF INK — (Very Best)— Snow White. 15c per bot-
tle Gloss Black. 20c Gold, 20c Silver. 20c.
BLANK CARDS
;

— ;

Lodge Emblem
;

Tinted
KARAM SHORTHAND Comic ;

Samples, 10c.
Linen and Kid finished White.
;

IN 30 TO 60 DAYS 'JlumorialsI'iplomas.Ccrtificaks.Charfci'J.
BOOK riiiia. noNOR rolls. title pages and CARD CASES— Bookform, 50c per dozen.
Leather-Aluminum 52.85 per doz. Sample 25c.
KARAM SHORTHAND '
Cil4T5-0f-ARMS.FlI8W(T 0DI8NS fOK MtMORlALlMLtn.
F. N. LAWRENCE PORTLAND, INDIANA
is efficient,practical, speedy — the sim- ^Mmdf^'^^t^^ ^f(T/lf/i{/'.^T£f^. Jiinaifi/1»Afl96il.ftAftHT5T
HANDWRITINC SPECIALIST
plest system ever devised.
High grade Diplomas, Certificates made or
CORRESPONDENCE COURSE
Both Shorthand and Typewriting High
Home Study
School. Normal.
—Free Tuition
Business. Law. Civil
filled
for
at reasonable prices. Special offer $1.00
doz. appropriate cards to accompany
3
graduation invitations.
Service. Engineering, Drawing. Domestic
successfully taught by mail. Salesmanship and Collegiate
Science.
Write for full information. thoroughly taught by mail. Typewriting coui
free of tuition.
KARAM CORPORATION Apply. Carnegie CoUege. Rogers, Ohio.
117 West Second Street
OKLAHOMA
'/z

CITY, OKLA, THE AMERICAN PENMAN


America's Handwritin Z Magaz ine
Devoted to Penmanship a nd Com nercial
Education 1764 Noble Rd. CLEVELAND, O.
Contains Lessons in
^ddress Business Writing
Accounting
Ornamental Writing
Lettering
Engrossing
the Teachi ng and
Articles on
Gillott's Pens
Supervision of Pennlanship. The Most Perfect of Pens
Yearly subscription price $1.26. Special
club rates to schools and teachers. Sample
copies sent on request.
THE AMERICAN PENMAN
55 Fifth Avenue NEW YORK

oJpecial a'f^enl!ion given HAVE YOU SEEN THE


-^o reproduction ofScript JOURNAL OF COMMERCIAL
and Venmcmship Copies
EDUCATION?
(formerly the Stenographer &
Phonographic World) No. 601 E. F. Magnum Quill Pen
A
monthly magazine covering all depart-
En^raviri^ Co. ments of Commercial Edacation.
Strong departments presided over by well- Pens stand in the front rank as re-
Gillott's
known teachers for those who teach any gards Temper, Elasticity and Durability.
(:\ 'En.gr&vers branch of commercial education, including
: Designers business administration, accountancy, and
court reporting. JOSEPH GILLOTT & SONS
C:v Illustrators ;
THE ONLY MAGAZINE OF ITS
KIND PUBLISHED SOLD BY ALL STATIONERS
Annual subscription
Coliimbu.s, Ohio Single copy 15c.
Send for Sample Copy.
$1.5t

JOURNAL OF COMMERCIAL EDUCATION Alfred Field & Co.. Inc., Sole AgenU
44 N. 4th St. PHILADELPHLA, PA. 93 Chambers St. NEW YORK CITY
: :

PENMANSHIP SUPPLIES
Prices subject to change without notice. Cash should accompany ali orders.
All goods go postpaid except those listed to go by express, you to pay express charges. Of
course, when cheaper, goods listed to go by express will be sent by parcel post, if you pay
charges.

PENS PAPERS
Zanerian Fine Writer Pen No. 1. Zanerian 5 tb Paper (wide and narrow rule):
gr $1.75 M gr $ .50 1 doz $ .20 1 pkg. i)f 240 sheets by express $1.50
Zanerian Ideal Pen No. 2, Zanerian Medial
Zanerian 6 lb Paper (wide and narrow rule):
Pen No. 3, Zanerian Standard Pen No. 4,
1 pkg. of 240 sheets by express $2.00
Zanerian Falcon Pen No. 5, Zanerian Busi-
ness Pen No. 6. Zanerian 7 lb Paper (wide rule)
gr $1.25 % gr $ .40 1 doz $ .15 1 pkg. of 240 sheets by express $2.26
Special prices in quantities. We also handle Zanerian Azure (Blue) Paper:
Gillott's, Hunt's, Spenaerian and Esterbrook's 1 pkg. of 240 sheets by express ..'....$2.00
pens. Write for prices. Zaner Method No. 9 Paper (% in. rule, 8;il0'/i)
Broad Pointed Lettering Pens. 1 pkg. of 500 sheets, not prepaid _ $ .85
Complete set (12 pens) $0.35 100 sheets by mail postpaid 50
doz. single pointed pens 15 Zaner Method No. 15 Paper (% in. rule,
doz. double pointed pens 30 8x10 '/2):
doz. single pointed, any No 25 1 pkg. of 500 sheets, not prepaid $1.60
doz. double pointed, any No 60

PEN HOLDERS INKS


Zanerian Fine Art Oblique Holder, Rosewood: Zanerian India Ink:
11% inches $1.25 8 inches $1.00 1 bottle $ .40 1 doz. bottles express....$4.00
Zanerian Fine Art Straight Holder, 8 inches.. $1.00 1 bottle Zanerian Gold Ink 26
Zanerian Oblique Holder, Rosewood: 1 bottle Zanerian White Ink 80
11 inches $ .75 8 inches $ .65
'/a Arnold's Japan Ink:
Zanerian Expert Oblique Holder, lYz inches: 1 bottle, 4 oz. postpaid $ .50
1 only $ .20 1 doz $1.25 % gr $6.50 1 pint by express...; 75
V4 doz 75 V4, gr 3.50 1 gr 12.00 1 quart by express 1.15

Excelsior Oblique Holder, 6 inches: Zanerian Ink Powder:


1 quart package $ .30
1 only $ .15 1 doz $1.20 >A gr $5.50
% doz 70 Vi gr 3.00 1 gr 10.00 6 packages or more, per pkg., net .22V4
Zanerian Ink Tablets (both red and black)
Zaner Method Straight Holder, T/z inches:
1 quart box, 32 tablets $ .30
1 only $ .15 1 doz $ .GO Vz gr $2.65
% doz 36 Vi gr 1.50 1 gr 4.80
6 boxes or more, per box 22%
1 Triangular Straight Holder, 7Vi inches $0.25
1 Correct Holder, hard rubber, 6% inches 25
FINE WHITE CARDBOARD
1 Hard Rubber Inkstand 70 White Wedding Bristol: Size 22x28:
1 Good Grip Penpuller 10 6 sheets, postpaid $ .90
1 Inkholder for Lettering 10
12 sheets, postpaid 1.65
CARDS 2 sheets by mail, postpaid 50
White, black and six different colors:
100 postpaid, 30c; 500 express (shipping weight
LARGE SHEETS OF PAPER
2 lbs.), $1.00; 1000 express (shipping weight
4 lbs.), $2.00.
Zanerian, 16x21 —32 lb. (smooth surface):
by mail, postpaid
6 sheets $ .50
Flourished Desig^n Cards:
20 sheets by mail, postpaid 1.50
With space for name. Two different sets of 12
each. Every one different. —
Ledger, 16x21 30 lb. (smooth hard surface):
2 sets, 24 cards....$ .20 6 sets, 72 cards $ .40 6 sheets by mail, postpaid $ .65
3 sets, 36 cards 26 12 sets, 144 cards .70 12 sheets by mail, postpaid 1.10

Write for complete Penmanship supply Catalog

THE ZANER-BLOSER CO., Penmanship Specialists, Columbus, Ohio

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