2021 ASSESSMENT TASK 3

Mathematics Advanced
General • Reading time − 5 minutes
Instructions
• Working time – 1 hour 30 minutes
• Write on A4 lined paper using black pen
• The spaces provide guidance for the expected length of response.
• Calculators approved by NESA may be used
• For questions in Section II, show relevant mathematical reasoning and/or
calculations

Total Marks: Section I – 10 Marks

50 • Attempt questions 1 – 10
• Allow about 15 minutes for this section.

Section II – 40 Marks
• Attempt all questions
• Allow about 1 hour and 15 minutes for this section.

1
 Section I

10 marks
Attempt Questions 1–10
Allow about 15 minutes for this section

Write your answers on A4 lined paper.

1 What is the solution to the equation 4 x − 9 = 0 ?

18
A. x =
8
81
B. x =
16
3
C. x =
2

D. x=6

3
2 Which of the following is true for the function f (x) = −2?
x2

A. Even function

B. Odd function

C. Zero function

D. Neither an even, odd or zero function

3 Given that log a 4 = 0.420 and log a 5 = 0.488 . What is the value of log a 100 ?

A. 0.410

B. 0.664

C. 1.396

D. 2.908

2
4 Two events, A and B, are independent, and their respective probabilities of
occurring, P( A) and P( B) , are both non-zero.

Which of the following does NOT give the probability of events A and B both
occurring?

A. P( A) × P( B | A)

B. P( A ∩ B)

C. P( A) × P( B)

D. P( A) + P( B)

5 What is the exact value of sin135° + cosec60° ?

2 2− 3
A.
6
2 2 −1
B.
2
2 2+ 3
C.
6
2 2 +1
D.
2

3
6 The graphs of two trigonometric functions are shown on the number plane below.

Which two functions are shown?

A. y = cos x and y = sin x

B. y = cos x and y = tan x

C. y = sin x and y = tan x

D. y = sin x and y = sec x

4
7 The graph of the function f (x) is shown below, with points 𝑃 and 𝑄 on the graph.
The coordinates of 𝑃 are ( p, f ( p)) , and point 𝑄’s 𝑥-coordinate is ℎ to the right of 𝑝,
hence 𝑄’s coordinates are ( p + h, f ( p + h)) .

Which of the following would give the gradient of the tangent at point 𝑃?

𝑓(𝑝) − 𝑓(𝑝 + ℎ)
A. lim
!→# ℎ
𝑓(𝑝 − ℎ) + 𝑓(𝑝)
B. lim
!→# ℎ
𝑓(𝑝 + ℎ) − 𝑓(𝑝)
C. lim
!→# ℎ
𝑓(𝑝 − ℎ) − 𝑓(𝑝)
D. lim
!→# ℎ

8 What is the value of |3 − 5|?

A. 8

B. 2

C. −8

D. −2

5
9 ⎛ 5π ⎞
What is the exact value of cot ⎜ ⎟ ?
⎝ 3⎠

A. √3

B. −√3
1
C.
√3
1
D. −
√3

10 The graph of a function y = f (x) is shown, below.

It has an asymptote at y = −2.5 .

Which statement correctly describes its domain and range.

A. Domain : [2, ∞) ; Range : [–3, –1]

B. Domain : (–3, –1] ; Range : (2, ∞)

C. Domain : [2, ∞) ; Range : [–3, –1)

D. Domain : (2, ∞) ; Range : [–3, –1]

END OF SECTION I

6
 2021 YEAR 11 ASSESSMENT TASK 3

Mathematics Advanced
Section II Answer Booklet

Section II

40 Marks
Attempt Questions 11 – 23
Allow about 1 hour and 15 minutes for this section

Instructions • Answer the questions on A4 lined paper.

• The spaces provide guidance for the expected length of responses.
• Your responses should include relevant mathematical reasoning
and/or calculations.

7
Question 11 (1 mark) 1

xy 5
Simplify and express your answer with positive indices.
(x y )
4
−2 3

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Question 12 (2 marks) 2

$
Given sin 𝜃 = %& for an acute angle 𝜃, find the exact value of cos 𝜃.

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Question 13 (2 marks) 2

Solve the equation

5log10 x = 3+ 2log10 x
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8
Question 14 (4 marks)

Find the following derivatives and simplify your answer.

d 4 x+3
(a) ⎡ e (3x − 1) ⎤ 2
dx ⎣ ⎦
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d ⎛ x ⎞
(b) 2
dx ⎜⎝ 3x 3 − 2 ⎟⎠
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Question 15 (2 marks) 2

The lengths of the sides in ΔABC are 𝐴𝐵 = 15 cm, 𝐴𝐶 = 10 cm and 𝐵𝐶 = 8 cm. Find
the size of the largest angle in ΔABC . Answer to the nearest minute.
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Question 16 (3 marks) 3
Prove the identity

cot x + tan x = sec x cosecx

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Question 17 (2 marks)
2

Draw a sketch of the circle with equation x 2 − 2x + y 2 + 6 y + 6 = 0

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10
Question 18 (4 marks)

Lucy walks 4.2km from her house at 𝐴 on a true bearing of 185°T to the park at 𝐵.
She then walks on a true bearing of 349°T to the shop at 𝐶.
Lucy knows she must walk 5.2 km from shop C to her house at 𝐴.

(a) Copy the diagram onto your writing paper and explain why ∠𝐴𝐵𝐶 = 16°. 1

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(b) Hence or otherwise find the bearing from 𝐶 to 𝐴. 3

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11
Question 19 (3 marks) 3

Find the equation of the normal to the curve of f (x) = −2x 3 + 5x 2 − 3x at the point
where x = 2 .
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Question 20 (2 marks) 2

On a given day, the probability that it is cloudy is 0.25, the probability that it is windy
is 0.7, and the probability that it is both cloudy and windy is 0.15.

What is the probability that it is cloudy or windy (or both)?

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12
Question 21 (7 marks)

The number of fish, 𝑁, in a hatchery at time 𝑡 months, is given by the formula:

N = N 0 e0.322t , where 𝑁# is a constant.
Initially there were 1000 fish in the hatchery.

(a) Find the number of fish in the hatchery at the end of 8 months? Answer 3
correct to the nearest hundred.
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(b) At the end of which month will the fish population first exceed 50 000? 2

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(c) Find the rate of increase in the number of fish at the end of six months. 2
Answer correct to the nearest hundred fish per month.
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13
Question 22 (3 marks)
3

For the function f (x) = a + log b x , the 𝑥-intercept is 9 and f (x) passes through the
point (243, 3) as shown below.

Find the values of 𝑎 and 𝑏.

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14
Question 23 (5 marks)

The displacement from the origin (𝑥 metres) of a particle travelling in a straight line
at a time (𝑡 seconds) is given by:
x = 3t 4 − 16t 3 + 18t 2 , where 𝑡 ≥ 0.
(a) Find the velocity of the particle after 2 seconds.
1
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(b) Find the times when the particle is stationary.

1
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(c) Find the acceleration of the particle after 2 seconds.

1
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(d) Determine the time(s) when zero acceleration is acting on the particle. 2
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END OF EXAMINATION

15
 2021 ASSESSMENT TASK 3

Mathematics Advanced Solutions

General • Reading time − 10 minutes
Instructions
• Working time – 1 hour 30 mins
• Write using black pen
• Calculators approved by NESA may be used
• A reference sheet is provided with this question paper
• For questions in Section II, show relevant mathematical reasoning and/or
calculations

Total Marks: Section I – 10 Marks

• Attempt questions 1 – 10
• Allow about 15 minutes for this section.

Section II – 40 Marks
• Attempt all questions
• Allow about 1 hour and 15 minutes for this section.
 Section I

10 marks
Attempt Questions 1–10
Allow about 15 minutes for this section

Use the multiple-choice answer sheet for Questions 1–10.

1 What is the solution to the equation 4√𝑥 − 9 = 0 ?

18
A. 𝑥=
8
81
B. 𝑥=
16
3
C. 𝑥=
2

D. 𝑥=6

3
2 Which of the following is true for the function 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 − 2?

A. Even function

B. Odd function

C. Zero function

D. Neither an even, odd or zero function

3 Given that log a 4 = 0.420 and log a 5 = 0.488 . What is the value of log a 100 ?

A. 0.410

B. 0.664

C. 1.396

D. 2.908
4 Two events, A and B, are independent, and their respective probabilities of
occurring, P(A) and P(B), are both non-zero.

Which of the following does NOT give the probability of events A and B both
occurring?

A. 𝑃(𝐴) × 𝑃(𝐵|𝐴)

B. 𝑃(𝐴 ∩ 𝐵)

C. 𝑃(𝐴) × 𝑃(𝐵)

D. 𝑃(𝐴) + 𝑃(𝐵)

5 What is the exact value of sin 135° + cosec 60°?

2√2−√3
A.
√6

2√2−1
B.
√2

2√2+√3
C.
√6

2√2+1
D.
√2
6 The graphs of two trigonometric functions are shown on the number plane below.

Which two functions are shown?

A. 𝑦 = cos 𝑥 and 𝑦 = sin 𝑥

B. 𝑦 = cos 𝑥 and 𝑦 = tan 𝑥

C. 𝑦 = sin 𝑥 and 𝑦 = tan 𝑥

D. 𝑦 = sin 𝑥 and 𝑦 = sec 𝑥

7 The graph of the function 𝑓(𝑥) is shown below, with points 𝑃 and 𝑄 on the graph.
The coordinates of 𝑃 are (𝑝, 𝑓(𝑝)), and point 𝑄’s 𝑥-coordinate is ℎ to the right of 𝑝,
hence 𝑄’s coordinates are (𝑝 + ℎ, 𝑓(𝑝 + ℎ)).

Which of the following would give the gradient of the tangent at point 𝑃?

𝑓(𝑝) − 𝑓(𝑝 + ℎ)
A. lim
ℎ→0 ℎ
𝑓(𝑝 − ℎ) + 𝑓(𝑝)
B. lim
ℎ→0 ℎ
𝑓(𝑝 + ℎ) − 𝑓(𝑝)
C. lim
ℎ→0 ℎ
𝑓(𝑝 − ℎ) − 𝑓(𝑝)
D. lim
ℎ→0 ℎ

8 What is the value of |3 − 5|?

A. 8

B. 2

C. −8

D. −2
9 5
What is the exact value of cot (3 𝜋)

A. √3

B. −√3
1
C.
√3
1
D. −
√3

10 The graph of a function y = f(x) is shown, below.

It has an asymptote at y = –2.5.

Which statement correctly describes its domain and range.

A. Domain : [2, ∞) ; Range : [–3, –1]

B. Domain : (–3, –1] ; Range : (2, ∞)

C. Domain : [2, ∞] ; Range : [–3, –1)

D. Domain : (2, ∞) ; Range : (–3, –1]

END OF SECTION I
 2021 ASSESSMENT TASK 3

Mathematics Advanced
Section II Answer Booklet

40 Marks
Attempt all questions
Allow about 1 hour and 15 minutes for this section

Instructions • Answer the questions in the spaces provided. Sufficient spaces are
provided for typical responses.
• Your responses should include relevant mathematical reasoning
and/or calculations.
• Extra writing space is provided at the back of this booklet. If you use
this space, clearly indicate which question you are answering.
Question 11 1

𝑥𝑦 5
Simplify and express your answer with positive indices.
(𝑥 −2 𝑦 3 )4

𝑥𝑦 5 1Mark:
𝑥 −8 𝑦 12 Correct
answer
𝑥9
=
𝑦7

Question 12 2
7
Given sin 𝜃 = 12 for an acute angle 𝜃, find the exact value of cos 𝜃.

7 opp
sin 𝜃 = 12 = hyp 2Marks:
Using Pythagoras’ to find the adjacent side. Correct
answer
𝑎2 + 72 = 122
𝑎 = √122 − 72 = √95 1 Mark:
Uses
adj √95 Pythago
cos 𝜃 = = ras
hyp 12

Question 13 2

Solve the equation

5log10 𝑥 = 3 + 2log10 𝑥
5log10 𝑥 = 3 + 2log10 𝑥 2Marks:
3log10 𝑥 = 3 Correct
log10 𝑥 = 1 answer.
1 Mark:
∴ 𝑥 = 10
Uses the
logarith
mic
laws
correctly
Question 14

Find the following derivatives and simplify your answer.

𝑑 4𝑥+3
(a) [𝑒 (3𝑥 − 1)] 2
𝑑𝑥
2Marks:
Correct
answer
𝑑 4𝑥+3
[𝑒 (3𝑥 − 1)] = 4𝑒 4𝑥+3 (3𝑥 − 1) + 𝑒 4𝑥+3 (3) = 4𝑒 4𝑥+3 (3𝑥 − 1) + 3𝑒 4𝑥+3
𝑑𝑥
1 Mark:
Attempt
s first
step
𝑑 𝑥
(b) 𝑑𝑥 (3𝑥 3 − 2𝑥)4 2

2Marks:
4 3
Correct
𝑑 𝑥 1(3𝑥 3 −2𝑥) −4(3𝑥 3 −2𝑥) (9𝑥 2 −2)(𝑥) (3𝑥 3 −2𝑥)−4𝑥(9𝑥 2 −2) answer
= = =
𝑑𝑥 (3𝑥 3 −2𝑥)4 (3𝑥 3 −2𝑥)8 (3𝑥 3 −2𝑥)5
3𝑥 3 −2𝑥−36𝑥 3 +8𝑥 −33𝑥 3 +6𝑥
(3𝑥 3 −2𝑥)5
= (3𝑥 3−2𝑥)5 1 Mark:
Attempt
s first
step

Question 15 2
The lengths of the sides in ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶 are AB = 15 cm, AC = 10 cm and BC =
8 cm. Find the size of the largest angle in ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶. Answer to the nearest
minute.

2marks:
Correct
The largest angle is opposite the largest side (∠𝐵𝐶𝐴) answer.

1 mark:
2 2 2 Uses the
8 + 10 − 15 cosine
cos∠𝐵𝐶𝐴 =
2 × 8 × 10 rule
∠𝐵𝐶𝐴 = 112.4111. . . with one
≈ 112°25′ correct
value.
 Largest angle is 112˚25’.
Question 16 3
Prove the identity

cot(𝑥) + tan(𝑥) = sec(𝑥) cosec(𝑥).

3Marks:
cos(𝑥) sin(𝑥) Correct
LHS = cot(𝑥) + tan(𝑥) = + cos(𝑥) (identity for cot and tan) answer
sin(𝑥)
cos(𝑥) cos(𝑥) sin(𝑥) sin(𝑥)
= × + cos(𝑥) × sin(𝑥) (get fractions with the same denominator)
sin(𝑥) cos(𝑥) 2Marks:
cos2 (𝑥) sin2 (𝑥)
= sin(𝑥) cos(𝑥) + sin(𝑥) cos(𝑥) (simplifying) Makes
signific
cos2 (𝑥)+sin2(𝑥)
= (adding the fractions) ant
sin(𝑥) cos(𝑥) progres
1
= sin(𝑥) cos(𝑥) (Pythagorean identity) s
1 1 towards
= sin(𝑥) × cos(𝑥) (separating into the product of two fractions) the
solution
= cosec(𝑥) sec(𝑥) = RHS (identity for cosec and sec)
1 Mark:
Attempt
s first
step
Question 17
2

Draw a sketch of the circle with equation 𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 + 𝑦 2 + 6𝑦 + 6 = 0.

𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 + 𝑦 2 + 6𝑦 + 6 = 0
𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 + 𝑦 2 + 6𝑦 = −6
𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 + 1 + 𝑦 2 + 6𝑦 + 9 = −6 + 10 = 4
(𝑥 − 1)2 + (𝑦 + 3)2 = 4
Circle centre (1, − 3) radius = 2

2 marks
for
correct
graph

1 mark
if centre
or radius
is
correct
or
equivale
nt merit
Question 18

Lucy walks 4.2km from her house at A on a true bearing of 185°T to the
park at B.
She then walks on a true bearing of 349°T to the shop at C.
Lucy knows she must walk 5.2 km from shop C to her house at A.

(a) Show that ∠𝐴𝐵𝐶 = 16°. 1

1 Mark:
Correct
answer.

∠𝐴𝐶𝐵 = (185° − 180°) + (360° − 349°)

= 5° + 11°
= 16°

(b) Hence or otherwise find the bearing from C to A. 3

Use the sine rule

sin∠𝐵𝐶𝐴 sin16° 3Marks:
= Correct
4.2 5.2 answer.
4.2 × sin16°
sin∠𝐵𝐶𝐴 =
5.2 2Marks:
∠𝐵𝐶𝐴 = 12.8635 … Finds
∠𝐵𝐶𝐴.
≈ 13°
Bearing = 180° − 13° − 11° 1 Mark:
Uses
= 156° the sine
rule
Bearing from C to A is 156˚.
Question 19 3

Find the equation of the normal to the curve of 𝑓(𝑥) = −2𝑥 3 + 5𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 at

the point where 𝑥 = 2.
Finding the point of tangency: 𝑓(2) = −2(2)3 + 5(2)2 − 3(2) = −2

Finding the gradient of the tangent:

𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = −6𝑥 2 + 10𝑥 − 3 3Marks:
𝑓 ′ (2) = −6(2)2 + 10(2) − 3 = −7 Correct
answer.

2Marks:
Finding the equation of the normal: Correctl
1
Gradient is the negative reciprocal of −7, so 7 y finds
1 one
𝑦 − (−2) = 7 (𝑥 − 2) value
1 2
𝑦 + 2 = 7𝑥 − 7
1 16
𝑦 = 7𝑥 − 7
𝑥 − 7𝑦 − 16 = 0

Question 20 2

On a given day, the probability that it is cloudy is 0.25, the probability that
it is windy is 0.7, and the probability that it is both cloudy and windy is
0.15.

What is the probability that it is cloudy or windy (or both)?

2Marks:
Correct
Probability of A or B (see Reference Sheet): 𝑃(𝐴 ∪ 𝐵) = 𝑃(𝐴) + 𝑃(𝐵) − answer.
𝑃(𝐴 ∩ 𝐵)
0.25 + 0.7 − 0.15 = 0.8 1 Mark:
Finds
one of
the
values.
Question 21

The number of fish, N, in a hatchery at time t months, is given by the

formula:
𝑁 = 𝑁0 𝑒 0.322𝑡 where 𝑁0 is a constant.

Initially there were 1000 fish in the hatchery.

(a) Find the number of fish in the hatchery at the end of 8 months? 3
Answer correct to the nearest hundred.
𝑁 = 𝑁0 𝑒 0.322𝑡 3
Marks:
At t = 0, N = 1000 𝑁0 = 1000 Correct
answer.
To find N when t = 8
2
𝑁 = 𝑁0 𝑒 0.322𝑡 Marks:
Makes
= 1000𝑒 0.322×8 signific
ant
progres
= 13 144.4550 … s
towards
≈ 13 100 the
solution
There are 13 100 fish in the hatchery after 8 months.
1 Mark:
Finds
𝑁0
= 1000

(b) At the end of which month will the fish population exceed 2
50 000?

N = 50 000 2
Marks:
50 000 < 1000𝑒 0.322𝑡 Correct
𝑒 0.322𝑡 > 50 answer.
0.322𝑡 > ln 50
ln 50 1 Mark:
𝑡> Shows
0.322 some
> 12.1491 … understa
At the end of the 13th month the fish population exceeds 50 000 nding.

(c) Find the rate of increase in the number of fish at the end of six 2
months. Answer correct to the nearest hundred fish per month.
 𝑑𝑁 2
Rate of increase is Marks:
𝑑𝑡
Correct
𝑑𝑁
= 0.322 × 1000𝑒 0.322𝑡 answer.
𝑑𝑡
1 Mark:
= 0.322 × 1000𝑒 0.322×6 Recogni
𝑑𝑁
ses
𝑑𝑡
= 2222.8635 … as the
rate of
≈ 2200 fish per month increas
e.

Question 22

For the function 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑎 + log 𝑏 𝑥, the 𝑥-intercept is 9 and 𝑓(𝑥) passes
through the point (243, 3) as shown below.

Find the values of 𝑎 and 𝑏.

0= 𝑎+ log 𝑏 9 … . (1) 3Marks:

3= 𝑎+ log 𝑏 243 … . (2) Correct
In (2), answer.
3= 𝑎+ log 𝑏 (27 x 9)
3= 𝑎+ log 𝑏 9 + log 𝑏 27 2Marks:
Correctl
3 = 0+ log 𝑏 27 (from (1)) y finds
one
b=3 value
0 = 𝑎 + log 3 9
1Mark:
a = -2 attempt
s
simulta
neous
equatio
ns
Question 23

The displacement from the origin ( 𝑥 metres) of a particle travelling in a

straight line at a time (t seconds) is given by:
𝑥 = 3𝑡 4 − 16𝑡 3 + 18𝑡 2 , where 𝑡 ≥ 0.

(a) Find the velocity of the particle at time t = 2 seconds.

1
𝑥 = 3𝑡 4 − 16𝑡 3 + 18𝑡 2
Velocity
𝑥̇ = 12𝑡 3 − 48𝑡 2 + 36𝑡
1Mark:
When 𝑡 = 2 Correct
answer
𝑥̇ = 12(2)3 − 48(2)2 + 36(2)

= −24 m/s

(b) Find the time(s) when the particle is stationary.

1
When 𝑥̇ = 0

12𝑡 3 − 48𝑡 2 + 36𝑡 = 0

1Mark:
12(𝑡 3 − 4𝑡 + 3) = 0 Correct
answer
12𝑡(𝑡 − 1)(𝑡 − 3) = 0

Stationary when 𝑡 = 0, 𝑡 = 1 and 𝑡 = 3.

(c) Find the acceleration of the particle at time t = 2 seconds.

1
Acceleration 𝑥̈ = 36𝑡 2 − 96𝑡 + 36
1Mark:
When 𝑡 = 2 Correct
answer
𝑥̈ = 36(2)2 − 96(2) + 36 = −12m/s2
(d)
Determine when there is zero acceleration acting on the particle. 2
𝑥̈ = 12(3𝑡 2 − 8𝑡 + 3)
− − 8 ± √(−8)2 − 4(3)(3) 1Mark:
If 𝑥̈ = 0 then 𝑡 = Correct
2(3)
answer
8 ± √28
𝑡=
6
𝑡 = 0.45s or 2.22s

END OF EXAMINATION