P102482-TRE-051-2R1-Electrical Calculations

GMT ENCLOSURE A&E SERVICES
Electrical Calculations
Doc. N.: P102482-TRE-051

Issue: 2R1 Date: 09/20/2024
Contract No: GMT-CON-05134
Name Signature Date
Francisco J. September
Written 20th ,2024
Sánchez
Nerea Castro
Mikel Lotina September

Revised 20th ,2024
Alberto
Fernández
Authorize September
Armando Bilbao 20th ,2024
d
File : 818370601.docx Pages : 69

Analysis Report Electrical Systems
RECORD OF CHANGES
Reason/Initiation
Version Date
Documents/Remarks
th
March 20 ,
1R0 2023 First issue for client review
December 22nd,
1R1 2023 Intermediate submittal Stage 3
April 22nd, 2024

1R2 FDR
July 30th, 2024

2R0 Final Construction Contract Documents
September
Final Construction Contract Documents
2R1 20th ,2024
Final Review
CHANGES TO PREVIOUS VERSION

Format update
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TABLE OF C O N T E N T S
1 INTRODUCTION 5
1.1 Scope of this document 5
1.2 Document outline 6
1.3 Abbreviations and acronyms 6
2 APPLICABLE & REFERENCE DOCUMENTATION 8
3 REGULATION CODES, STANDARDS AND GUIDELINES 9
4 METHODOLOGY AND UNITS 10
4.1 Units 10
4.2 Language 10
4.3 Calculation tools 10
4.4 Calculation methodology 11
5 SITE CONDITIONS 12
5.1 Geographic location 12
5.2 Soil characteristics 12
5.3 Environmental conditions 12
6 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM 14
6.1 General Considerations, Assumptions, and Calculations 14
6.2 Medium Voltage - Load Flow 14
Normal operation load flow 17
Load flow in contingency (faulted branch without DRUPS – worst case scenario) 21
6.3 Medium Voltage – Short Circuit Analysis 26
Three-phase short circuits 27
One-phase to ground short circuits 30
6.4 Medium Voltage – Cable Sizing 34
Ampacity and short circuit withstand 34
Duct occupancy 39
Transformer sizing 39
Switchgear sizing 39
6.5 Medium Voltage – Protection coordination 40
Coordination Criteria 40
Protection Setting Summary 41
Coordination Curves 43
6.6 Medium Voltage – Inrush Current of MV/LV Trnsformers 48
6.7 Low Voltage- Power Budget and Loads 50
6.8 Low Voltage - Cable Sizing 53
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Conductor cross-section and number of conductors 54

6.9 Low Voltage - Switchboards 56
Protection Sizing 56
Coordination of protections – Selectivity of Curves 59
Switchboards Size 60
UPS 60
6.10 Low Voltage – Ducts and Cable Trays 60
Feeder Cable Tray 60
Feeder Cable Tray Upper Enclosure 62
Computer Room and IT Room Cable Tray 63
Duct Galvanic Steel (g.s.c.) 64
6.11 Lighting 65
6.12 Earthing and Lightning protection 65
6.13 Diesel system 66
Diesel storage 66
Diesel pumping and distribution 67
6.14 Fire Detection and Alarm 68
7 CALCULATION APPENDICES 69
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1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 SCOPE OF THIS DOCUMENT
This report aims to summarize the relevant calculations performed for the design
of the Electrical systems, to provide additional information to the description of
those systems included within the document P102482-TRE-050 (Electrical Report).
Figure 1-1 Buildings in the scope of this document (SSB, WE and Workshop not included)
Note: The existing descriptions in this document intend to provide a

general comprehensive description for a better understanding of the
systems together with the drawings and BIM model, and suitable for the
contracting of the related works. It is understood that later, the contractor
will develop the shop drawings needed to be approved by the site
supervisor once the final brands/models for the products have been
selected, before the execution of the works.
In the case of any contradiction between documents that are part of this
Project, the order of priority will be as follows:
- Layout (plan) drawings
- Schematic diagram drawings
- Technical specifications
- Report (descriptive)
- Report (calculation)
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1.2 DOCUMENT OUTLINE

 Section 1 includes the scope covered by this Electrical Calculations
document, the outline that summarizes the entire content of the document
and a list of abbreviations and acronyms used throughout the document.
 Section 2 refers to the applicable documentation.
 Section 3 refers to the regulation codes, standards and guidelines.
 Section 4 includes some notes in regard the units, language and calculation
tools that will be used for the drafting of the DD.
 Section 5 summarizes the site conditions, including the climatic and the
properties of the soil based on a specific resistivity study carried out by IDOM
(DS1 03 and DS1 04)
 Section 6 is focused on the calculations related to the Electrical work
package.
1.3 ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS

DRUPS Dynamic Rotary Uninterrupted Power Supply
EMC Electro Magnetic Compatibility
ENC Enclosure
ERS Enclosure Rotating System
FEB Firefighting Equipment Building
FF Fire Fighting
GMT Giant Magellan Telescope
GMTO Giant Magellan Telescope Organization
HBS Hydrostatic Bearing System
HVAC Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning
IEC International Electrotechnical Commission (standards)
IEEE Institute of Electric and Electronic Engineers (standards)
IER Initial Engineering Report (main document + attachment)
IFC International Fire Code
IMC International Mechanical Code
IPC International Plumbing Code
IT Information Technology
I/O Input/Output
LCO Las Campanas Observatory
LV Low Voltage
MCC Motor Control Center
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MDF Main Distribution Frame

MEP Mechanical, Electrical and Plumbing
MSW Main Switchboard
MTS Manual Transfer Switch
MV Medium Voltage
MWh Megawatt-hour (energy)
NCh Chilean Standard
NEC National Electric Code (NFPA 70 standard)
NFPA National Fire Protection Association (standards)
OCS Observing Control System
P&ID Piping and Instrumentation Diagram
REQ Requirements document
RFI Request For Information
RH Relative Humidity
SEC Standard Electronic Cabinet
SRA Security Risk Assessment
SS1 Support Site 1
SS2 Support Site 2
SSB Summit Support Building
STS Solid state Transfer Switch
SUB Summit Utility Building
SUT Summit Utility Tunnel
TBC To Be Confirmed
TBD To Be Determined/Defined
TDH Total Dynamic Head
TDAyF Secondary power and lighting panels
UPS Uninterrupted Power Supply
VFD Variable Frequency Drive
WCM Water Column Meter
WEB Water Equipment Building
WWTP Wastewater Treatment Plant
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2 APPLICABLE & REFERENCE

D O C U M E N TAT I O N
Refer to document P102482-TRE-050 (Electrical Report) for the compilation of all

the applicable and reference documents.
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3 R E G U L AT I O N C O D E S, S TA N D A R D S
AND GUIDELINES
Refer to document P102482-TRE-050 (Electrical Report) for the compilation of all
the applicable and reference standards.
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4 METHODOLOGY AND UNITS

All design or calculation should be based on reference information and the
corresponding local regulations, considering the application of the best-known
practices with the objective of obtaining quality designs with a low construction
cost and within the corresponding project deadlines.
4.1 UNITS
Calculation and values will be provided in the most common units used in Chile for
every discipline to be used in the documents of this Project.
Imperial Units
Unit Used unit Conversion Unit
factor
Time H – Min - s
Length m 3.28 ft
Area m2 10.76 ft2
Volume m3 35.32 ft3
L 0.26 Gal
Density kg/m3 0.062 lb/ft3
Electrical active kW
power kVAr
Electrical reactive kVA
power kWh
Electrical apparent V
power kV
Energy A
Voltage (LV) W W.inch
Voltage (MV) W.m 39.37
Current Lux
Resistance/ Hz
Impedance rpm lb
Resistivity kg 2.21 lb/ft2 (PSI)
Illuminance Bar 14.50 inH2O
Frequency Pa 0.00401 inH2O/ft
Rotative speed wcmm/m 0.012 inH2O/ft
Mass Pa/m 0.00122 Gal/h
Pressure (fluid) L/h 0.26 ft3/h
Pressure (air) m3/h 35.31 ft/s
Drop of pressure m/s 3.28
(fluid) K / ºC
Drop of pressure
(air)
Flow (fluid)
Flow (air)
Speed (fluid, air)
Temperature
Table 1 Units and conversion
4.2 LANGUAGE
Due to the international character of the project, the official language for all
documents will be American English.
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4.3 CALCULATION TOOLS

The following tools will be used for the electrical design for the milestone
corresponding to 60% of the Project’s development. As this document conforms to
an advance to the said milestone, most calculations will be done using Excel
spreadsheets for preliminary results which will be corroborated and corrected for
the 60% advance milestone.
 ETAP
ETAP is a powerful electrical software developed by Operation Technology Inc.
That has more than 30 years of industry experience, 20 years in Chile in particular.
It allows multiple types of models and calculations that go from high and medium
voltage operating and control systems, to grounding grids, cable thermal analysis
and traction calculation during cable installation.
Objectives of its implementation:
o Obtain the MV grid normal parameters and calculate its normal and fault
operation currents.
o Select protection devices for the MV System from a unique supplier.
 Caneco BIM
Caneco BIM, implant and BT are a family of software that has many benefits for
their implementation in Revit, and LV grid model’s analysis through the supplier’s
database added natively in the software; this allows the interchange of electrical
information between the Caneco family and digital models from Revit having
always an updated version and the ability to view the changes on the Revit model
and their impacts.
Objectives of its implementation:
o Coordinate the electrical and the architectural designs.
o Define and calculate the LV grid and their components, having only one
supplier products for protection devices, avoiding future problems due to
incompatibility of protection equipment.
o Define more accurately the length of the LV cables.
4.4 CALCULATION METHODOLOGY

The calculation process for the selection of the equipment and the rest of the
components, such as the cable trays, switchboards, and any others, will be slightly
oversized. This minor oversizing intends to allow to select different brands of
products by the contractor, without reviewing the project, avoiding undesirable
construction delays. In the same way, in the case of any minor change happens in
the loads (electrical power demand, lighting, cooling demand, …) once the
equipment is already selected during the DD, the calculation and selection already
done will not be repeated again, avoiding unnecessary delays in this Design stage.
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Apart from this, depending on the specialty some spare components, redundancy
(N+1), or spare space will be considered.
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5 SITE CONDITIONS
5.1 GEOGRAPHIC LOCATION
GMT will be located at Las Campanas Observatory (LCO) in the southern region of
the Atacama Desert in Chile. The coordinates for the GMT site on Las Campanas
Peak are shown in Table below. The latitude/longitude is for the site chosen on the
levelled mountain top. LCO is located approximately 160 km north of La Serena,
Chile.
UTM coordinates 6785453 N, 336216 E, Zone
19
Latitude S 29° 02’ 55.26”
Longitude W 70° 40’ 56.00”
Elevation (Before 2525 meters
Flattening)
Elevation (After 2514 meters
Flattening)
Table 2 Geographic location
5.2 SOIL CHARACTERISTICS

GMTO in 2022 commissioned IDOM to carry out soil resistivity tests to be used for
the calculation of the earthing system. The measurements were taken at the SS1,
Summit, and SUB areas.
According to these tests, the measurements obtained indicate that the soil can be
classified as a two-layer model, where the topmost layer, with relatively low
resistivity, has an approximate depth of 1 m, and the deepest layer, from 1 m
depth, has a very high level of resistivity, practically infinite.
5.3 ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS

According to the environmental conditions the main information, such as general
climatic data, seismic conditions, and fauna and flora, should be taken from GMT-
REF-00144-GMT Environmental Conditions (RD 4).
Since for some calculations more detailed weather information is needed, with the
evolution of the weather day by day, GMTO provided recorded climatic data from 9-
30-2005 at 7:06 AM (UTC) to 12-05-2009 at 10:23 AM with registries every two
minutes of Date (Fractional year), wind speed, wind direction, air temperature,
relative humidity, and barometric pressure, by the means of the file
stdyr_data.csv.All this data, from 2005 through 2009 will be sifted by one log every
hour to structure a more manageable database of the weather. From this filtered
database, other parameters will be calculated to complement the available
information, such as the Local Standard Time (LST), Dewpoint temperature, Wet-
bulb temperature, Solar altitude, Beam normal irradiance, Diffuse horizontal
irradiance & Global solar irradiance. This data will later be processed and analysed
to define the base input parameters of further simulations that are going to be
explained in the next chapters.
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Apart from that, some requirements appear in REQ 2 that defined Observatory
operating conditions during nighttime that should be taken into account for the
design:
 Regular Operating Conditions (REQ-L4-ENC-61615): These conditions will be
applied in the case that any system shall operate during the observing time.
Table 3 Regular operating conditions
 Extended Operating Conditions (REQ-L4-ENC-61617): These conditions will

be applied I the case that any system shall operate in cases while these
conditions happen, despite it it not observing time.
Table 4 Extended operating conditions
 Maintenance Conditions (REQ-L4-ENC-79959): These conditions will be

applied while a component or system shall work during maintenance
operations.
Table 5 Maintenance conditions
 Survival Conditions (REQ-L4-ENC-61619): All systems will be designed to

remain undamaged while these conditions happen, but they are not intended
to remain operative with the specified capabilities.
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Table 6 Survival conditions
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6 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
6.1 GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS, ASSUMPTIONS, AND
CALCULATIONS
This document is focused on the electrical calculations at the MV side of the
Electrical System, LV calculations will be reported at the next delivery stage.
The following calculations have been made considering the information available
given the current Delivery Stage progress of 90%. Where information is
unavailable, typical data (like the X/R ratio in transformers, for example) for this
type of project and equipment rating has been considered. Despite this, the main
MV equipment and cables should not be considerably modified at further stages.
Parameters for electrical equipment and cables have been taken from catalogues
and datasheets provided by renowned manufacturers.
Power flow and short circuit currents calculations have been made with the
software ETAP 22.5. These two studies are the input for the different equipment
sizing, presented in consecutive sections ahead.
The design of the Electric System of the project is mainly based on the Chilean
electrical code, international standards recommended by it, and the best practices
that can be implemented for a project of these size and special characteristics as
stipulated in the Basis of Design.
Considerations
 It is assumed that the SSB building is connected to the system and is in
normal operation at full load (1000 kVA according to GMTO estimations).
 DRUPS has been set up to maintain a 100% of their rated voltage in their
busbars.
 The equivalent system network (from the 23 kV OHL service line) has been
modelled with the short circuit levels obtained from “Elequipos” (April 27 th,
2023) at the connection point at the switchgear SS1-SWG-0001. Elequipos is
the company in charge of the HV/MV substation expansion and the 23 kV
overhead line that feeds the site.
6.2 MEDIUM VOLTAGE - LOAD FLOW

The loads considered in the load flow analysis corresponds to the table shown in
section “5.2 Power budget and loads” of the document P102482-TRE-050
(Electrical Report). The loads have been distributed in every transformer in kW as
follow:
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Night Night Day

Building/
Slewing Tracking Maintenance Transformer
Area
[kW] [kW] [kW]
Upper LENC-TRA-
1,459.7 931.1 875.2
Enclosure 0003/4
Lower LENC-TRA-
870.1 870.1 2,129.9
Enclosure 0001/2
LENC-TRA-
Pier 8.1 8.1 92.7
0001/2
LENC-TRA-
Mount 738.3 738.3 590.7
0001/2
ENCLOSURE 3,076.2 2,547.6 3,688.5 -
SUB 1,919.1 1,919.1 2,075.2 SUB-TRA-0001/2
SSB 640.0 640.0 640.0 SSB-TRA-0001/2
MV RING 5,378.3 4,849.8 6,156.7 -
SS1 37.5 37.5 167.5 SS1-TRA-0003/4
TOTAL 5,415.8 4,887.3 6,324.2 SS1-TRA-0001/2
Table 7 Electrical Loads for Facilites and Transformers Total Power
The following factors from IEC60439 have been applied to the total power of the
project to obtain the total power required.
Demand Factor
Load Type
[ku]
Lighting 0.75
HVAC 0.85
Cooling 1.00
Control 1.00
Mechanism 1*
Special 0.30
Permanent 1.00
Table 8 Applied factors to obtain overall system load
(*) Given the load sizes, mechanisms have been considered in operating cases
rather than a simultaneity factor. Applying the factors (power factor and demand
factor) to total power of the project, the total power required is obtained in kVA as
follows:
Night Night Day

Building/
Area
[kVA] [kVA] [kVA]
Upper LENC-TRA-
1,169.9 509.3 326.7
Enclosure 0003/4
Lower LENC-TRA-
376.0 376.0 1,024.8
Enclosure 0001/2
LENC-TRA-
Pier 8.7 8.7 97.8
0001/2
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Night Night Day

Building/
Area
[kVA] [kVA] [kVA]
LENC-TRA-
Mount 922.9 922.9 738.3
0001/2
ENCLOSURE 2,465.6 1,806.0 2,182.1 -
SUB 2,087.6 1890.7 2052.6 SUB-TRA-0001/2
SSB 414.1 414.1 414.1 SSB-TRA-0001/2
MV RING 4,967.4 4,307.7 4,889.7 -
SS1 35.8 35.8 73.4 SS1-TRA-0003/4
TOTAL 4,998.5 4,338.3 4,958.0 SS1-TRA-0001/2
Table 9 Electrical Loads for facilities and transformers power required
The load flow has been made for the MV Electrical System, according to the single
line diagram (Doc. ID: IDO-GMT-5-0-01-00-00-200, sheet 1), which, is shown in the
following two images:
Figure 6-2 SS1 main MV/MV single-line diagram
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Figure 6-3 Summit main MV/LV single-line diagram (MV ring and distribution substations)
Figure 6-4 Single line diagram model in ETAP
The power flow analysis has been divided into three scenarios. The first scenario
considers the maximum demand (Night Slewing of Table 9) with the MV network
operation at normal conditions. The second scenario also considers the maximum
demand, but in this case, one branch of the MV ring is isolated (considering it
faulted). Each scenario considers a voltage drop of 3% on the 23kV bus from the
service line, and from that, the 5000 kVA transformers are modeled with -5% no
load tap changer. The last scenario consists of a ring section faulted without
operating DRUPS.
The 3% voltage drop at the 23 kV switchgear has been defined as the limit voltage
drop for the service line given the voltage drop values at the 4.16 kV distribution
system from several scenarios. Hence, the design of the 23 kV OHL must consider
the necessary equipment to allow a voltage drop no more than 3%.
The worst case for voltage regulation consists in a fault at the beginning of one of
the circuits that feed de MV ring without DRUPS. In this case, it is considered a
fault in the branch between switchgear SS1-SWG-0003 and SUB-SWG-0001, then al
the electrical loads at the Summit
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Normal operation load flow

The results for every area, considering three-phase power in kVA, current in A,
busbar voltage in %, and voltage drop in %, are as follows:
1.1.1
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SS1 Main Substation SWG-0001/2
Figure 6-5 Load flow results – SS1 1/3 – Normal operation
SS1 Main Substation SWG-0003
SS1 Main Substation – DRUPS
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MV Ring – SUB
Figure 6-8 Load flow results – SUB – Normal operation
MV Ring – Enclosure
Figure 6-9 Load flow results – ENC – Normal operation
MV Ring – SSB
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Figure 6-10 Load flow results – SSB – Normal Operation
As can be seen, there are no problems with voltage regulations with the projected
MV cable configurations. The lowest voltage in MV switchgear is 99.1% and
corresponds to the voltage at SSB-SWG-0001/0002. This value is acceptable
considering a maximum voltage drop of 5% according to Chilean regulations.
Load flow in contingency (faulted branch without DRUPS – worst case

scenario)
Figure 6-11 One line diagram showing the contingency for the load flow study
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Figure 6-12 Load flow results – SS1 1/3 – In Contingency
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MV Ring – SUB
Figure 6-15 Load flow results – SUB – In Contingency
Figure 6-16 Load flow results – ENC – In Contingency
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MV Ring – SSB
Figure 6-17 Load flow results – SSB – In Contingency
For the contingency analysis, the worst voltage drop is given at the SUB-SWG-
0001, with 96.04 % of the nominal voltage. This value is acceptable, considering a
maximum acceptable voltage drop of 5% according to Chilean regulations. It is
important to highlight that this simulation has been carried out considering a
voltage of 97% at the SS1 23 kV switchgear. It means that if the overhead
conductors are not enough, Elequipos should consider the installation of a voltage
regulator or capacitor bank to keep the voltage at the SS1-SWG-0001 switchgear
over 97%.
It is important to mention that the load budget is still open to modifications, so for
more details please refer to P102482-TRE-050 (Electrical Report). A new Power
Demand Budget is under study.
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6.3 MEDIUM VOLTAGE – SHORT CIRCUIT ANALYSIS

Short Circuit values have been calculated using the ETAP Software, according to
the IEC 60909 Standard.
The parameters of the power grid for short-circuit calculation were obtained from
Elequipos documentation. The parameters are as follows:
Fault GMT 23
Current
Type kV
L-L-L Ikss [kA] 1.597
IkssB [kA] 1.38
LL-G IkssC [kA] 1.414
3Io [kA] 0.404
L-L Ikss [kA] 1.383
L-G Ikss [kA] 0.645
Table 10 GMT 23 kV short circuit levels
Fault Paramet GMT

Type ers 23kV
R1 1.84
X1 8.96
R0 5.40
L-G
X0 49.38
R2 1.83
X2 8.96
L-L-L X/R 4.90
Table 11 Short circuit parameters
Calculations have been made for 3P short circuit and 1P-G Short Circuit (2P-G has
been calculated also to determine the maximum current for the grounding grid, but
those results are not shown here for convenience).
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Three-phase short circuits

Figure 6-18 Short circuits results – SS1 1/3 – Three Phase Short Circuits
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MV Ring – SUB
Figure 6-21 Short circuits results – SUB – Three Phase Short Circuits
MR Ring – Enclosure
Figure 6-22 Short circuits results – ENC – Three Phase Short Circuits
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MV Ring – SSB
Figure 6-23 Short circuits results – SSB – Three Phase Short Circuits
One-phase to ground short circuits

1
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Figure 6-24 Short circuits results – SS1 1/3 – One Phase to Ground Short Circuits
SS1 Main SE SWG-0003
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MV Ring – SUB
Figure 6-27 Short circuits results – SUB – One Phase to Ground Short Circuits
Figure 6-28 Short circuits results – ENC – One Phase to Ground Short Circuits
MV Ring – SSB
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Figure 6-29 Short circuits results – SSB – One Phase to Ground Short Circuits
According to the results, the maximum 3P short circuit current at the MV System
(4.16 kV) is 8.34 kA downstream to the DRUPS, at the busbar SS1-SWG-0005. This
is due to the input of the DRUPS to the short circuit level. The DRUPS does not
apport a significant amount of short circuit current upstream due to the choke
(inductance) connected in series with the synchronous machines.
In the case of 1P-G, the maximum short circuit current in the medium voltage
system (4.16 kV) is given at the same busbar SS1-SWG-0005, connected directly
downstream the DRUPS, with a value of 8.56 kA.
The maximum voltage raisings in not faulting phases, for the case of 1P-G faults, is
produced in the SSB-SWG-0001/0002 switchgears for the MV (4.16 kV) system,
with a value of 131.1 %, and in the SS1-SWG-0001 for the MV (23 kV) system, with
a value of 159.6%.
At low voltage level, the maximum short circuit current is produced at the SUB for
the 1P-G case, with a value of 41.6 kA, which is basically for the large capacity of
the MV/LV Transformers. These transformers have been specified with a z=8%
(greater than the z=6% specified for the other transformers) with the intention of
not increasing even more the fault currents in the primary LV boards.
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6.4 MEDIUM VOLTAGE – CABLE SIZING
Ampacity and short circuit withstand

The Table B.2 from IEC 60505-2 has been used as a base case to get the ampacity
of the MV cables. Then, correction factors, when applicable, have been used to
modify the base case.
Figure 6-30 Table B.2 from IEC60502-2
The following correction factors have been applied to the Ampacity Table B2:
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Figure 6-32 Ambient temperatures at sea level from IEC60287-3-1
Figure 6-34 Thermal resistivity of soil from IEC60287-3-1
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Finally, after applying the correction factors, Table B2 of ampacity (flat touching)
gets as follows:
Section [mm²] In Ducts In Air

16 85 116
25 109 152
35 130 185
50 154 221
70 187 276
95 224 336
120 255 388
150 284 438
185 320 501
240 371 589
300 417 672
400 467 762
Table 6-12 Updated copper conductor ampacity
Now, it is possible to check the ampacity compliance by comparing the table above
with the current for every cable (as resulted in the power flow analysis):
Ampacit
Voltag Canalizati Continge Ampacit
Config. From To y
e on ncy [A] y Check
[A]
23 kV 1x95 mm² OHL pole N°89 SS1-SWG-0001 Duct bank - - -
23 kV 1x95 mm² SS1-SWG-0001 SS1-TRA-0001 CTR 224 135 OK
23 kV 1x95 mm² SS1-SWG-0001 SS1-TRA-0002 CTR 224 135 OK
23 kV 1x50 mm² SS1-SWG-0001 SS2 Substation Duct bank - - -
2x400
4.16 kV SS1-TRA-0001 SS1-SWG-0002 CTR 935 707 OK
mm²
2x400
4.16 kV SS1-TRA-0002 SS1-SWG-0002 CTR 935 707 OK
mm²
2x400
4.16 kV SS1-SWG-0002 SS1-SWG-0003 In air 1523 707 OK
mm²
2x400
4.16 kV SS1-SWG-0002 SS1-SWG-0004 CTR 935 709 OK
mm²
1x185
4.16 kV SS1-SWG-0004 DRUPS 01-04 Duct bank 320 146 OK
mm²
1x185
4.16 kV DRUPS 01-04 SS1-SWG-0005 Duct bank 320 172 OK
mm²
2x400
4.16 kV SS1-SWG-0005 SS1-SWG-0003 CTR 935 707 OK
mm²
3x120
4.16 kV SS1-SWG-0003 SUB-SWG-0001 Duct bank 765 703 OK
mm²
3x120
4.16 kV SS1-SWG-0003 SUB-SWG-0002 Duct bank 765 703 OK
mm²
1x300
4.16 kV SUB-SWG-0001 SUB-TRA-0001 In air 672 153 OK
mm²
1x300
4.16 kV SUB-SWG-0002 SUB-TRA-0002 In air 672 153 OK
mm²
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Ampacit
Voltag Canalizati Continge Ampacit
Config. From To y
e on ncy [A] y Check
[A]
2x300 LENC-SWG-
4.16 kV SUB-SWG-0001 In air 1345 550 OK
mm² 0001
2x300 LENC-SWG-
4.16 kV SUB-SWG-0002 In air 1345 550 OK
mm² 0002
1x300 LENC-TRA-
4.16 kV LENC-SWG-0001 In air 672 101 OK
mm² 0001
1x300 LENC-TRA-
mm² 0002
2x300 LENC-SWG-
mm² 0003
2x300 LENC-SWG-
mm² 0004
1x300 LENC-TRA-
mm² 0003
1x300 LENC-TRA-
mm² 0004
2x300
4.16 kV LENC-SWG-0003 SSB-SWG-0001 Duct bank 835 382 OK
mm²
2x300
4.16 kV LENC-SWG-0004 SSB-SWG-0002 Duct bank 835 382 OK
mm²
1x300
4.16 kV SSB-SWG-0001 SSB-TRA-0001 In air 672 30 OK
mm²
1x300
4.16 kV SSB-SWG-0002 SSB-TRA-0002 In air 672 30 OK
mm²
2x300
4.16 kV SSB-SWG-0001 SSB-SWG-0002 In air 1345 352 OK
mm²
Table 6-13 Updated copper conductor ampacity
CTR: Concrete cable trough

It is observed that all cables comply with the ampacity criteria.
Concerning the voltage drop criteria, it is observed in the results of the load flow
analysis that all cables comply with a voltage drop of less than 3% for every branch
and 5% in total, according to Chilean standards.
The standard IEC 60364-4-43 has been used to determine the minimal section of
the copper conductor to withstand a short circuit of 0.5 s of duration.
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Figure 6-36 Table 43A from IEC60364-4-43
From the table above (Table 43A of IEC 60364-4-43) it is obtaining the k factor for
copper cable, XLPE insulation and an initial and final temperature of 90°C and 250
°C respectively. In this case, the k factor is:
k =143
The following formula is used to calculate the minimal section (equation 3 of IEC
60364-4-43):
Using this equation the worst case for short circuit in a MV cable (8.60 kA from
section 6.3.2), the minimum acceptable section of the conductor is:
2
Smin =42, 52 mm
Considering that all MV cables have a section larger than the Smin, all MV cables
will withstand their short circuit value that lasts for a maximum time of 0.5 s.
Further details regarding the detailed calculation of the screen sizing that will be
carried out at the next document revision.
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Duct occupancy
To corroborate the duct occupancy, specifically that of the existing and projected
duct banks, the following table of the Chilean code is used to obtain the top
percentage of duct occupancy given the numbers of conductors inside them:
Number of 3 or
1 2
conductors more
Percentage
50% 33% 33%
occupied
Figure 6-37 Duct occupancy limit values from local regulations
The cable dimensions have been obtained from renowned suppliers’ data sheets as
reference.
Transformer sizing
The Power Transformer has been sized using the power budget shown in section
6.1.1. The main criteria is to comply with the N-1 contingency in all the facilities
and main substation (SS1).
Switchgear sizing
MV Switchgears has been sized by the busbar ampacity and short circuit ratings
calculated in Sections 6.2 and 6.3. For more details about the switchgear sizing,
refer to drawings IDO-GMT-5-5-01-00-00-200 (SS1), IDO-GMT-5-2-01-00-00-200
(SUB), and IDO-GMT-5-1-01-00-00-200 (ENC).
Regarding the protection coordination, it will be developed for the next document
revision given the pending detailed information from Elequipos.
6.5 MEDIUM VOLTAGE – PROTECTION COORDINATION

This section presents the protection settings for all the protection relays of the MV
system (23kV and 4.16kV), excluding the relays related to the MV system of the
DRUPS (Switchgears SS1-SWG-0004 and SS1-SWG-0005 and other relays to be
provided by the DRUP’s vendor). The coordination is developed in the software
ETAP 22.5.0.
The MV relays mentioned (which setting is under the scope of this report) need to
be coordinated between each other and with these other four systems:
· MV protection Relays at 23 kV in Pajonales Substation.
· MV Protection relays related to the DRUPS System.
· LV Protection Breakers that are at the secondary side of the MV/LV
Transformers (The incoming Circuit Breakers of the main LV Switchboard of
every facility).
· MV Protection System of SS2 facility.
Fault clearing time at the 23kV bar in Pajonales Substation is currently
unavailable. Therefore, the setting of the MV GMT protection system will be
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carried out considering the design criteria presented in the next section, and it will
be assumed that the resulting setting for the 23 kV incoming relay at the SS1
Substation is appropriately coordinated with the 23 kV relay at Pajonales
Substation. These two relays are likely to be coordinated due to the long distance
of the 23 kV line. Nevertheless, the coordination must be checked (for faults and
overloads) when the Pajonales relay setting is available.
The protection setting of the DRUPS system is not known because they have not
been purchased yet. The present report will consider a time gap between
protections upstream and downstream of the DRUPS so that the provider can
coordinate their protections with the GMT system with no problem. A setting from
the switchgears SS1-SWG-0004 and SS1-SWG-0005 is proposed to get a realistic
time gap, but the final setting is in the provider’s charge.
The LV Protecti’n Breakers and their setting are known because they are also on
the scope of this report. The LV protection breakers and their setting have been
obtained as an output result of the Caneco Software. The MV protection relays will
be set to coordinate with these LV Breakers. Still, in some cases, the LV breaker
settings are changed concerning the Caneco proposal to comply with the design
criteria for the MV protection system described in the next section. When this
happens, it is mentioned explicitly.
Loads and short circuit values used for the coordination are the same as presented
in this report in the Power Flow and Short Circuit chapters.
Considering there needs to be more information (external and vendor information,
which depends on the provider to be selected) to get a final coordination study, the
setting presented in this report must be revised once all the information is
available (before fiscally setting the relays).
Coordination Criteria
For time-dependent overcurrent protections (51 and 51N functions), the setting
shall be done using the curves defined in the standard IEC 60255.
Secondary side protection of transformers is regulated for the maximum
transformer capacity with a 5% overload margin.
The long-term primary side current of a transformer shall be less than 125%.
Damage curves of transformers and cables are taken from ETAP libraries (typical
values).
The primary side overcurrent, differential protection of transformers, and low
voltage protections are set so that the inrush current of transformers is not seen as
a fault. The inrush current and its duration are taken from the transformer’s library
of ETAP software (the inrush current is shown in the coordination curves for every
case).
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The time interval between an MV relay and the MV relay upstream will preferably
be 0.2 [s]. When not possible, it will not be less than 0.1 [s]. The previous criteria
could not be fulfilled when coordination is not essential, such as the coordination of
the primary and secondary side breakers of transformers (in this case, tripping the
primary or secondary side circuit breaker first does not affect the load to be de-
energized).
For time-dependent overcurrent protections (51 and 51N functions), the setting
shall be done using the curves defined in the standard IEC 60255.
Protection Setting Summary

1.1.2 1.1.1.1 Undervoltage Function (27)
Parameter Value/Description
Pickup 0.75
Delay 6 sec.
Curve Type Definite Time
1.1.3 1.1.1.2 Overvoltage Function (59)
Pickup 1.15
Delay 3 sec.
Curve Type Definite Time
1.1.4 1.1.1.3 Breaker Failure Function (50BF)
Fail Mode Breaker Status
Delay 6 sec.
1.1.5 1.1.1.4 Transformer Thermal Function (49)
Insulation Class Class B Class F Class H
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Maximum Temperature [°C] 130 155 180

Trip Temperature [°C] 120 145 165
Alarm Temperature [°C] 110 135 155
1.1.6 1.1.1.5 Differential Protection of Transformers (87T)
Paremeter Description Value

Id_s Start Differential Current trip 0.2 x In
Ib_1 Bias Current 1 0.5 x In
Slope 1 Slope of second section 25%
Ib_2 Bias Current 2 1.75 x In
Slope 2 Slope of third section 150%
Id_i Instantaneous Differential trip 10 x In
Second harmonic blocking Second harmonic blocking 15%
Fifth harmonic blocking Fifth harmonic blocking Disable
Where:
· Id: Differential Current.
· Ib: Bias Current.
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Figure 638 Differential protection zones
1.1.7 1.1.1.6 Overcurrent Functions (50 / 51)
The setting are presented in the next section “Coordination Curves”
1.1.8 1.1.1.7 Neutral Overcurrent Functions (50N / 51N)
The setting are presented in the next section “Coordination Curves”
Coordination Curves
The protection curves and setting are shown in the following figures:
SUFigure 639 SUB Protection Coordination – SUB-SWG-001
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Figure 640 SUB Protection Coordination – SUB-SWG-002
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Figure 641 ENC Protection Coordination – LENC-SWG-001
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Coordination Curves for SS1 site, and Curves for 50N and 51N are pending.
6.6 MEDIUM VOLTAGE – INRUSH CURRENT OF MV/LV

TRNSFORMERS
In order to analyse the impact of the inrush current of transformers in the MV

system, a simulation of the connection of SUB-TRA-001 (3MVA, the largest MV/LV
transformer) transformer (with the network in contingency state) has been carried
out with ETAP, transient stability module.
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The current in the primary side at the moment of connection (1 [s] after starting
the simulation) is ecau in the following figure:
Figure 6-45 Current at the primary side of SUB-TRA-001
The voltage at the primary side (Switchgear SUB-SWG-001) is shown in the

following figure:
Figure 6-46 Voltage at SUB-SWG-001 switchgear
The voltage at SS1 main substation (Switchgear SS1-SWG-001, 4.16 kV) is shown
in the following figure:
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Figure 6-47 Voltage at SS1-SWG-002 switchgear
In conclusion, the voltage drops to 73% in the SUB busbar, and to 90% in the SS1
busbar. In any case, the Low Voltage protection will trip. In the SUB because the
voltage below 75% is far for lasting more than 6 seconds, and for the SS1, ecause
the voltage does not go below 75%.
6.7 LOW VOLTAGE- POWER BUDGET AND LOADS

The loads considered in the load flow analysis corresponds to the table shown in
section “5.2 Power budget and loads” of the document P102482-TRE-050
(Electrical Report). The loads have been distributed in every transformer as follow:
Building/ Night Night Day Transformer
Area Slewing Tracking Maintenanc
[kVA] [kVA] e [kVA]
Upper 2,481.3 1,506.3 1,306.0 LENC-TRA-
Enclosure 0003/4
Lower 1,617.4 1,617.5 3,313.8 LENC-TRA-
Enclosure 0001/2
Pier 14.5 14.5 122.2 LENC-TRA-
0001/2
Mount 922.9 922.9 738.3 LENC-TRA-
0001/2
ENCLOSUR 5,036.1 4,061.1 5,480.4 -
E
SUB 2,049.7 2,049.7 2,300.7 SUB-TRA-
0001/2
SSB 752.9 752.9 752.9 SSB-TRA-
0001/2
MV RING 8,148.4 7,173.5 8,832.1 -
SS1 415.6 415.6 578.1 SS1-TRA-
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0003/4
TOTAL 8,564.1 7,589.1 9,410.2 SS1-TRA-
0001/2
Table 6-14 Electrical Loads for Facilites and Transformers Total Power
The powers considered in this budget are all the loads that are on the telescope
operating with demand 1 and simultaneously. In normal operation, the previous
condition is not met due to the interoperability of the mechanisms and the standard
demand factors for common services.
These considerations can be observed in greater detail in P102482-TRE-050
(Electrical Report) in section 5.3.2.
The following factors from IEC60439 have been applied to the total power of the
project to obtain the total power required.
Demand Factor
Load Type
[ku]
Lighting 0.75
HVAC 0.85
Cooling 1.00
Control 1.00
Mechanism 0.30
Special 0.30
Permanent 1.00
Table 6-15 Applied factors to obtain overall system load
Applying the factors to total power of the project, the total power required is
obtained as follows:
Building/ Night Night Day Transformer
Area Slewing Tracking Maintenanc
[kVA] [kVA] e [kVA]
Upper 1,594.0 619.1 310.0 LENC-TRA-
Enclosure 0003/4
Lower 729.6 722.1 1,387.4 LENC-TRA-
Enclosure 0001/2
Pier 13.5 13.5 102.6 LENC-TRA-
0001/2
Mount 922.9 922.9 738.3 LENC-TRA-
0001/2
ENCLOSUR 3,232.2 2,253.3 2,527.0 -
E
SUB 1,994.8 1,994.8 2,245.9 SUB-TRA-
0001/2
SSB 414.1 414.1 414.1 SSB-TRA-
0001/2
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MV RING 5,717.0 4,735.7 5,256.2 -

SS1 407.8 407.8 447.1 SS1-TRA-
0003/4
TOTAL 6,124.8 5,143.4 5,703.0 SS1-TRA-
0001/2
Table 6-16 Electrical Loads for Facilites and Transformers Power Required
The values in table 6-10 show the total powers in the conditions of highest demand
for the three scenarios considered.
At the distribution level, the same previous factors presented in Table 6-15 are
considered for all final loads except for emergency or backup systems that will be
considered with demand factors of 0 or 0.1 as appropriate.
The breakdown and details of this data can be seen in Appendix 7: PowerBudget.
Below, the power values of each electrical panel are presented with their
respective corrections applying the demand factors.
BOARD CODE NAME BOARD Power Power

(kW) with
factors
(kW)
LENC-BRD-200 UPPER ENCLOSURE 3150 3500
GENERAL BOARD
UENC-BRD-201 UPPER ENCLOSURE 319.02 350.36
BOARD A
BOARD B
BOARD C
BOARD D
UENC-BRD-20101 ERS CORRIDOR 10.49 11.79
LIGHTING AND
SOCKETS
UENC-BRD-20102 ERS CORRIDOR 67.25 80.12
SECOND FLOOR
BOARD
UENC-BRD-20103 BPS LEFT BOARD 55.3 68.26
UENC-BRD-20104 BPS RIGHT BOARD 56 69.09
UENC-BRD-20103U UPS Shutter Left 26.5 31.18
UENC-BRD-20104U UPS Shutter Right 26.5 31.18
UENC-BRD-201U SECTION A UPS 116.8 141.82
BOARD
UENC-BRD-20201 CATWALK 1 34.93 43.46
DISTRIBUTION
BOARD
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UENC-BRD-20202 CATWALK 2 33.55 41.71

DISTRIBUTION
BOARD
UENC-BRD-202U SECTION B UPS 29.4 34.59
BOARD
UENC-BRD-20301 CATWALK 3 37.07 45.56
DISTRIBUTION
BOARD
UENC-BRD-20302 CATWALK 4 42.15 51.83
DISTRIBUTION
BOARD
UENC-BRD-20303 CATWALK 5 39.76 48.25
DISTRIBUTION
BOARD
UENC-BRD-203U SECTION C UPS 63.5 74.71
BOARD
UENC-BRD-20401 CATWALK 6 33.3 41.42
DISTRIBUTION
BOARD
UENC-BRD-20402 CATWALK 7 33.1 40.85
DISTRIBUTION
BOARD
UENC-BRD-20403 CATWALK 8 13.68 16.69
DISTRIBUTION
BOARD
UENC-BRD-204U SECTION D UPS 159.4 187.53
BOARD
LENC-BRD-100 LOWER ENCLOSURE 2970 3554
GENERAL BOARD
LENC-BRD-101 PIER GENERAL 105.46 129.63
BOARD
LENC-BRD-102 ELECTRICAL ROOM 73.57 90.55
DISTRIBUTION
BOARD
LENC-BRD-103 ENCLOSURE 529.29 588.1
NORMAL POWER
BOARD
LENC-BRD-104 ENCLOSURE 301.32 334.8
SENSITIVE POWER
BOARD
LENC-BRD-105 LOW BAY 328.72 410.04
DISTRIBUTION
BOARD
LENC-BRD-106 HIGH BAY 185.56 230.9
DISTRIBUTION
BOARD AND OPEN
STORAGE
LENC-BRD-107 COMPUTER ROOM 456.7 537.5
BOARD A
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LENC-BRD-108 IT ROOM BOARD A 24.95 33.1

LENC-BRD-109 IT ROOM BOARD B 24.95 33.1
LENC-BRD-110 COMPUTER ROOM 456.7 537.5
BOARD B
LENC-BRD-111 CONTROL LEVEL 104.71 124.97
DISTRIBUTION
BOARD
LENC-BRD-112 OBSERVING 544.59 676.99
CHAMBER
DISTRIBUTION
BOARD
LENC-BRD-113 LOWER ENCLOSURE 569.32 673.84
HVAC BOARD
LENC-BRD-1U LOWER ENCLOSURE 57.3 67.41
UPS
SUB-BRD-100 SUB GENERAL 2875.5 3354.75
BOARD
SUB-BRD-101 SUB LIGHTING AND 77.44 90.54
SOCKETS BOARD
SUB-BRD-102 OTHER SUB 110.45 143.76
UTILITIES BOARD
SUB-BRD-103 IT AND CONTROL 42.6 43.73
SUB BOARD
SUB-BRD-104 TELESCOPE 225.41 249.26
UTILITIES BOARD
SUB-BRD-105 SUB EV CHARGERS 12 15
BOARD
SUB-BRD-106 CAS SYSTEM BOARD 226.6 282.85
SUB-BRD-1U LOWER ENCLOSURE 11.7 11.7
UPS
FEB-BRD-100 FEB General Board 245.2 305.89
DCY-BRD-100 DRYCOOLERS BOARD 472.4 534.65
I
DCY-BRD-200 DRYCOOLERS BOARD 82 92.62
II
Table 6-17 Panel power without and with demand factors
6.8 LOW VOLTAGE - CABLE SIZING

By means of the values obtained from the load balance, transformer level and
medium voltage network information and with the use of CANECO software,
according to IEC 60364-5-52, the following analyses were carried out, where:
 Upstream: Main power supply switchboard or power supply switchboard
(depending on circuit)
 Ref Mark: Receiving switchboard or final loads.
 Content : Conductors of the configuration
 Pole: Number of poles of the conductor
 PH_Nb : Number of conductors per phase
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 PH cross-section: Phase conductor cross-section

 N_Nb: Number of conductors per neutral
 N cross-section: Neutral conductor cross-section
 PE_Nb: Number of conductors per ground
 PE cross-section: Ground conductor cross-section
 Length: Length of conductors
 dU Circuit: Circuit potential drop
 Ik Max Downstream: Maximum short circuit
 IZ: Maximum admissible current for the conductor
 IB: Circuit operating current
 Instal. Method: Installation method according to IEC 60364-5-52 standard
 Type: Circuit protection type
 Rating: Protection capacity
 Prot Device - Release: Schneider as a reference Supplier Protection Code
 IrTh / IN - IrMg / IN: Protection regulation
CANECO's criteria for the selection of the results are as follows:

 IN: Maximum allowable current criteria
 DU: Voltage drop criteria
 CI: Indirect contact criteria
 CC: Short-circuit criteria
Conductor cross-section and number of conductors

The conductor cross-section and number of conductors analysis for the main
distribution switchboards is presented below:
 General SUB Board:
Figure 6-48 Table conductor CANECO results.
 General Lower Board:
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 General Upper Board SR-A:
 General Upper Board SR-B:
 General Upper Board SR-C:
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 General Upper Board SR-D:
For more detailed short circuit analysis on each of the circuits refer to CANECO
Appendix 1 to CANECO
Appendix 6.
6.9 LOW VOLTAGE - SWITCHBOARDS

After the respective ampacity analysis, we continue with the analysis of the
switchboards, where it is considered:
Protection Sizing
The analysis for the sizing of the main switchboard protections is presented below:
 General SUB Board:
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Figure 6-54 Table protection CANECO results.
 General Lower Board:
 General Upper Board SR-A:
 General Upper Board SR-B:
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 General Upper Board SR-C:
 General Upper Board SR-D:
For more detailed short circuit analysis on each of the circuits refer to CANECO
Appendix 1 to CANECO
Appendix 6.
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Coordination of protections – Selectivity of Curves

For the coordination of LV protections, the equipment selectivity curves presented
in the product catalogues of the Caneco BT software are used.
The selectivity curves provided by the software coordinate the operation of the
protections, considering as a criterion that the downstream protection curve has a
faster operating curve than the upstream protection.
Below is a curve obtained from the program
Figure 6-60 Comparison of operating curves of electrical protections
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In Appendices 1 to 6 there are the results of the simulations for the curves of all
the protections of the LV system.
Switchboards Size
The boards are calculated using Schneider's EcoStructure Rapsody software from
which reference measurements are obtained to determine the size of the boards.
In the preliminary analysis of the size of the switchboards, the following criteria
are considered:
1. The type of installation of the switchboards, Wall Mounted or Floor Mounted.
2. The number of protections and bar sets present in the switchboards.
3. Maximum number of protections per set of bars, 20 protections.
For boards of sizes smaller than 1000mm in height, they will be considered wall
mounted, while for boards larger than that, they will be considered mounted to the
floor with anchoring in the lower area to earthenware or concrete depending on
the material of the room.
The size and type of mounting of the individual frames in detail is defined in the
SCHEDULE document and appendix 8.
UPS
The sizing of the UPS used in the system is based on the load budget, where a 30
min autonomy time is considered, for more details refer to document P102482-TRE-
050 (Electrical Report) - UPS and CBS point.
6.10 LOW VOLTAGE – DUCTS AND CABLE TRAYS
For the calculation of the pipelines, the following criteria were taken into
consideration:
- The occupation of cables in cable trays does not exceed 40%
- The two levels of cables per tray must not be exceeded.
Both criteria are part of the Chilean regulations "RIC N04 Conductors and
pipelines"
Feeder Cable Tray

The main cable tray that connects to the main blockset and carry the feeders to the
other panels or higher power loads were calculated taking the case of highest
demand. This case occurs with the pantograph feeders, corresponding to 2 cables
of 240mm2 per phase.
Considering that the conductors from the blockset to the pantographs are 3P+N,
there are 8 cables for each pantograph board, having a total of 72 cables.
Having a two-level distribution on the trays and considering a diameter of 29mm,
average cable diameter of 240mm 2 with insulation, the minimum width of the
conduits is calculated.
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29 mm∗72
Minimum With of Cable tray= =1044 mm
2
To optimize the installation of cables and future maintenance, two parallel trays
600mm wide are decided.
Figure 6-61 Parallel conductor trays with maximum 29mm cables on two levels
Taking into consideration the criterion of 40% occupancy, the area occupied by the
cables is calculated and compared with the total area of the tray.
Area of Cable∗Conductor number
Occupation=
AreaCable Tray
2
π∗Diameter
∗36
4
Occupation= =0.396
600∗100
The following image shows the two cable trays that rise from the electrical room of
the Lower Enclosure towards the pantograph boards, corresponding to the
previous calculations.
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Figure 6-62 Pantograph Board Feeder Parallel Cable Trays
The other main cable trays were calculated following the previous logic, having
values between 500x100mm to 600x100mm.
Feeder Cable Tray Upper Enclosure

In the Upper Enclosure, having four main feeder cables from the slip rings to the
general distribution boards, located in the electrical room of the Ring Girder Level,
Catwalk 2, Catwalk 4 and Catwalk 6, these four feeders were considered in total,
having a configuration of 3P+N+PE, there are:
 5 cables of 70 mm2
 5 cables of 95 mm2
 10 cables of 150mm2
As a criterion, it was planned that each feeder would be accessible at the time of
maintenance. A tray is planned where the cables can go in at least three per row
for each group of feeders. There is a minimum width calculated below using
average diameters for the named cable sections.
Minumun Width=18∗3+20∗3+23∗6=252 mm
This being a 300x100mm tray. With these cable diameters you have an occupation
section of
( ) ( )
2 2 2
π∗18 π∗20 π∗23 2
Total area=5∗ + +10∗ =6997.9 mm
4 4 4
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6997.9
Occupation= =0.233
300 x 100
Figure 6-63 Cable trays in shaft of the Upper enclosure
Computer Room and IT Room Cable Tray

In the case of the Computer Room and the IT Room, four parallel cable trays are
planned for the feeders of these two rooms.
The cables considered for these two cases are 2x240mm 2 and 1x70mm2
respectively.
Optimizing the spaces and considering the previously used criteria, the layout
calculated for the feeders is shown below.
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Figure 6-64 Cable arrangement in cable tray - Computer Room
Figure 6-65 Cable arrangement in cable tray - IT Room
With the estimated layout for a maximum of two levels, the total occupancy of both
trays is calculated.
2
π∗Diameter
∗8
4
OccupationComputer Room = =0.264
200∗100
2
π∗Diameter
∗4
4
Occupation¿ Room= =0.102
100∗100
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Figure 6-66 Computer Room and IT Room cable trays
Duct Galvanic Steel (g.s.c.)

The arrival of the circuits to the final loads will be done through galvanized steel
pipes, taking into account the highest section considered for this category, which is
10mm2 with a commercial diameter of 10mm being multipolar.
Number of 3 or
1 2
conductors more
Percentage
50% 33% 33%
occupied
Figure 6-67 Duct occupancy limit values from local regulations
The section of the g.s.c necessary to comply with the 33% occupancy is calculated.
Figure 6-68 Cable occupation area in duct
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√ 5∗d cable2
0.33
=d duct
√ 5∗102
0.33
=38 , 92 mm
Converting mm to inches we have.

38.92
=1.53≈ 2
25.4
With the calculation, the closest commercial section is 2", leaving this as the
standard section for all the downpipes from the cable trays, which will pass
through distribution boxes.
6.11 LIGHTING
Please, refer to the document P102482-TRE-053 (Lighting Calculations) for the
calculations regarding this system.
6.12 EARTHING AND LIGHTNING PROTECTION

Please, refer to the document P102482-TRE-055 (Earthing and Lightning
Calculations) for the calculations regarding this system.
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6.13 DIESEL SYSTEM

The fuel oil supply system comprises main tanks, daily tanks for the DRUPS, leak
detection, pumps, piping, and controls. The pump sets shall be rack-mounted,
package duplex systems in run/standby configuration with an integrated control
system.
Diesel storage
Assumptions
After the revision of the requirement REQ-L5-SIT-65066 by GMTO, and according
to what it states now, The DRUPS Fuel Storage Tanks shall provide a minimum of
48 hours of continuous operation autonomy at 70% of their capacity with the
DRUPS loaded at 2 MW. This will allow 48 hours for refilling the tanks in case
there is a problem with the commercial power and the roads are closed because of
weather conditions when working at the estimated observatory average power
which, according to the OAD, is 2 MW.
However, another extra consideration must be taken into account in the previous
requirement revision. The DRUPS Fuel Storage Tanks layout shall allow for future
expansion of the total fuel capacity to 168 hours of continuous operation at 70% of
their capacity with the DRUPS loaded at 2 MW. This is thought to permit the
installation of new tanks in case that the Observatory operating conditions changes
so that additional autonomy is needed in case of a loss of commercial power.
Calculations design criteria
Key assumptions for the design and calculation of this installation come from the
Client’s requirements, listed in different project documents.
Basic, design-specific Excel sheets are used to justify the sizing of storage tanks.
The DRUPS system will be composed of 4 units in an N+1 configuration, where
each unit is considered to have a nominal power of 1.5 MVA, thus having an
available emergency power supply of 4.5 MVA.
Taking into account the diesel storage requirements described in the
“Assumptions” section, a pre-calculation has been made considering the
consumption rate of some different manufacturers equipment and:
- For the first phase, in which the system should be able to have a minimum
autonomy of 48 hours with 70% storage available and with the DRUPS at
2MW load, about 33.5 cubic meters of diesel would be required.
- For the future expansion phase, in which the system must be able to have an
autonomy of 168 hours with 70% of available storage and with the DRUPS at
2MW of load, about 131.5 cubic meters of diesel would be necessary.
With all this, and taking into account the fact that each DRUPS will have his own
daily tank of 1,000 L capacity, two 30 cubic meter tanks are planned to cover the
initial requirement of 48 hours of autonomy, providing redundancy in the event
that maintenance or emptying operations are performed on one of them, and two
additional 40 cubic meter tanks are planned to extend the autonomy to a total of
168 hours in case of expansion
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Calculations
The following calculations justify the chosen solution considering the DRUPs daily
consumption and then validating with vendor’s tank standardized dimensions.
CALCULATION Comments
Future DRUP POWER 1,600.00 kVA
expansion 1,280.00 kW Rated power
DRUPS 3 (3+1)
TOTAL POWER 4,800.00 kVA
3,840.00 kW Rated power
POWER TO CONSIDER 2,000.00 kW 52.08%
50 % CONSUMPTION 183.00 l/h 1 DRUP

52.08 % CONSUMPTION 190.63 l/h 1 DRUP
TOTAL HOURLY COMSUMPTION 571.88 l/h 3 DRUP
HOURS 48 h
REQUIRED LITRES 48 h 27,450.00 litres
DRUP DAILY LITRES 1,000.00 litres
TOTAL DAILY LITRES 4,000.00 litres
LITRES IN OUTSIDE TANK 23,450.00
CAPACITY RATIO 70%
DIESEL TANK CAPACITY 48 h 33,500.00
HOURS 168
REQUIRED LITRES 168 h 96,075.00 litres
DRUP DAILY LITRES 1,000.00 litres
TOTAL DAILY LITRES 4,000.00 litres
LITRES IN OUTSIDE TANK 92,075.00 litres
CAPACITY RATIO 70%
DIESEL TANK CAPACITY 168 h 131,535.71 litres
Diesel pumping and distribution

Calculations of design criteria and software
Specific purpose-designed Excel sheets are used for the sizing of the equipment
and the pipework. The calculation of the transfer network and the pressure losses
to determine the pump head, use the Darcy-Weisbach expressions.
The maximum allowable fluid velocity is 3 m/s, trying not to reach more than 2 m/s
in the suction lines, to avoid cavitation.
It is foreseen to install 2 pumps (N+1) to be cycled by the Control system in case
they need to be activated, despite the autonomy of the fuel storage (either 48 h or
168 h). Apart from this, a 100% flow rate manual pump will be also provided as a
part of the diesel pumping/forwarding skid (to be used in case of emergency).
Key assumptions for the design and calculation of this installation come from the
Client’s requirements, listed in different project documents.
Calculation
Network Temp operation (º C) Density (kg/m3) Flow (m3/h) Inner diameter (mm) Section (m2) Speed (m/s)
Impulsion 15 841 1.50 21 0.00035 1.203
Network Viscosity din (cP) Kinematic viscosity (m2/s) Reynolds Relative roughness (mm) f Colebrook Length (m) Equivalent length (m) Pressure loss (mH2O/m) Pressure loss (mH2O) Height (mH2O) Element loss (mH2O) Total loss (mH2O)
Impulsion 3.36 4.00E-06 6323.19 0.005 0.03544 40 44 0.1245 5.4771 3.0 1.0954 9.57
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6.14 FIRE DETECTION AND ALARM

Please, refer to the document P102482-TRE-057 (Fire Detection and Alarm
Calculations) for the calculations regarding this system.
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7 C A L C U L AT I O N A P P E N D I C E S
Next pages include all the relevant calculations carried out to size the electrical
equipment and components.
- Appendix 1: CANECO SUB RESULTS

- Appendix 2: CANECO LENC RESULTS
- Appendix 3: ANECO UENC A RESULTS
- Appendix 4: CANECO UENC B RESULTS
- Appendix 5: CANECO UENC C RESULTS
- Appendix 6: CANECO UENC D RESULTS
- Appendix 7: POWER BUDGET
- Appendix 8: ECOSTRUCTURE LAYOUT BOARD
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GMT ENCLOSURE A&E SERVICES

Doc. N.: P102482-TRE-051

Name Signature Date

Mikel Lotina September

File : 818370601.docx Pages : 69

April 22nd, 2024

July 30th, 2024

CHANGES TO PREVIOUS VERSION

P102482-TRE-051-2R1-Electrical Calculations 2/77

Conductor cross-section and number of conductors 54

Note: The existing descriptions in this document intend to provide a

1.2 DOCUMENT OUTLINE

1.3 ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS

MDF Main Distribution Frame

2 APPLICABLE & REFERENCE

Refer to document P102482-TRE-050 (Electrical Report) for the compilation of all

4 METHODOLOGY AND UNITS

4.3 CALCULATION TOOLS

4.4 CALCULATION METHODOLOGY

5.2 SOIL CHARACTERISTICS

5.3 ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS

Table 3 Regular operating conditions

 Extended Operating Conditions (REQ-L4-ENC-61617): These conditions will

Table 4 Extended operating conditions

 Maintenance Conditions (REQ-L4-ENC-79959): These conditions will be

Table 5 Maintenance conditions

 Survival Conditions (REQ-L4-ENC-61619): All systems will be designed to

Table 6 Survival conditions

6.2 MEDIUM VOLTAGE - LOAD FLOW

Night Night Day

Table 7 Electrical Loads for Facilites and Transformers Total Power

Night Night Day

Night Night Day

Table 9 Electrical Loads for facilities and transformers power required

Figure 6-2 SS1 main MV/MV single-line diagram

Figure 6-4 Single line diagram model in ETAP

Normal operation load flow

SS1 Main Substation SWG-0001/2

Figure 6-5 Load flow results – SS1 1/3 – Normal operation

SS1 Main Substation SWG-0003

Figure 6-6 Load flow results – SS1 2/3 – Normal operation

SS1 Main Substation – DRUPS

Figure 6-7 Load flow results – SS1 3/3 – Normal operation

Figure 6-8 Load flow results – SUB – Normal operation

Figure 6-9 Load flow results – ENC – Normal operation

Figure 6-10 Load flow results – SSB – Normal Operation

Load flow in contingency (faulted branch without DRUPS – worst case

SS1 Main Substation SWG-0001/2

Figure 6-12 Load flow results – SS1 1/3 – In Contingency

SS1 Main Substation SWG-0003

Figure 6-13 Load flow results – SS1 2/3 – In Contingency

SS1 Main Substation – DRUPS

Figure 6-14 Load flow results – SS1 3/3 – In Contingency

Figure 6-15 Load flow results – SUB – In Contingency

Figure 6-16 Load flow results – ENC – In Contingency

Figure 6-17 Load flow results – SSB – In Contingency

6.3 MEDIUM VOLTAGE – SHORT CIRCUIT ANALYSIS

Table 10 GMT 23 kV short circuit levels

Fault Paramet GMT