Silver Oak University: College of Technology

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SILVER OAK UNIVERSITY

College of Technology
Bachelor of Technology
Computer Engineering
Course Name: Principles of Physics
Course Code: 1010253104
Semester: 1st/2nd

Prerequisite:
1. Basic Physics Knowledge for Semiconductors

Course Objectives:
1. Physics in Digital electronics is essential to understanding the design and working of a wide range of
applications, from consumer and industrial electronics to communications; from embedded systems, and
computers to security and military equipment. As the devices used in these applications decrease in size
and employ more complex technology, it is essential for engineers and students to fully understand both
the fundamentals and also the implementation and application principles of digital electronics, devices
and integrated circuits, thus enabling them to use the most appropriate and effective technique to suit their
technical needs. To acquire fundamental knowledge about nature and its phenomena including
quantitative expression and also to enhance intellectual, computational, experimental, communication and
analytical skills of the students. Physics is necessary to satisfy the basic sciences requirement, as
appropriate for particular Computer and Information Technology Engineering disciplines

Teaching Scheme:

Teaching Scheme
L T P Contact Hours Credit
3 0 2 5 4

Contents:

Unit Topics Teaching % Weightage


Hours
1 Semiconductors and Diodes: Semiconductors- definition &
energy band diagrams. Properties of semiconductors. Intrinsic and
Extrinsic, N and P type semiconductors. Diode- formation,
depletion region, VI Characteristics, types and applications. Zener
diode- reverse bias characteristics, voltage regulation, shunt
voltage regulator,
Lasers
Introduction, Characteristics of laser radiation Spontaneous and 12 25
stimulated emission, Einstein’s theory of matter radiation : A and
B coefficients Working of LASER with basic idea about
Population Inversion, Pumping mechanism, Optical Resonators
Solid-state
lasers (Ruby), HE-NE Laser Applications of LASER: Medical,
Industrial, Communication and other

Activity: How to read & write memory using Laser in


Optical Disk Memory
2 Transistors and MOSFETs: 9 25
Transistors- definition, terminals, types, symbols, formation of
NPN and PNP, Transistor biasing- definition, List configurations
and applications. CE input and output characteristics- cut off,
saturation, and active regions. FET- definition, types. MOSFET-
definition, types, symbols. N type enhancement mode-
construction, working, characteristics, switch. List applications
Differentiate BJT and MOSFET.
Activity: Using Breadboard prepare a circuit for using
MOSFET as Switch
3 Number System and Boolean Algebra
Review of number system; types and conversion, codes. Boolean
algebra: De-Morgan’s theorem, switching functions, Prime
Implicants and Essential Prime Implicants, Universal Gates 5 15
Activity: Verification of De-Morgan’s Theorem using Gates
4 Superconductivity
Superconductivity, General Properties of superconductors Types
of Superconductors: Type I and Type II, Mechanism of
Superconductivity BCS Theory Applications: Magnets, Josephson 6 15
effect, SQUID, Maglev, other.
Activity: Presentation on Superconductor for Computer
Engineering Application
5 Fiber Optics
Introduction of Optical Fiber, Advantages of Optical Fiber Total
Internal Reflection Numerical Aperture and Acceptance angle
Attenuation & dispersion mechanism in optical
fibers (Qualitative only) Modes of Propagation Types of Optical
Fiber, Applications of optical fiber
Communication System: 8 20
Communication systems: (Communication system components,
Analog modulation- AM, FM, PM. Digital modulation- ASK,
FSK, PSK.
Activity: Experiments using Arduino and Sensors

Course Outcomes:

Sr. No. CO Statement Unit


CO-1 Use basic concepts to analyze and design a wide range of semiconductor 1
devices
CO-2 Understanding the construction and characteristics of FET and MOSFETs 2
and differentiate with BJT
CO-3 Understanding the different number systems used in computerized system 3
and codes used to represent the digits and fundamental of arithmetic
CO-4 Operation using each number system and codes. 4
CO-5 Understanding the properties of Superconductor and its application 5

Teaching & Learning Methodology:

1. Chalk and Board


2. PPT on Projectors
3. Flip Classrooms
List of Experiments: Total Hours: 28

Sr.
Practical Name
No.
1 To understand some basic aspects of error analysis and graph drawing.
2 Understanding Logic Gates and universal logic gates.
3 Transistor Characteristics.
4 Gray to binary and binary to Gray conversion.
5 Characteristics of FET.
6 To study the I-V Characteristics of Silicon diodes.
7 To study the I-V Characteristics of Zener diodes.
8 To study the I-V Characteristics of LEDs.
9 Understand half wave rectifiers and full wave rectifiers.

10 To measure the Resistivity & Band gap of Germanium Crystal (N-type) by Four Probe
Method.
11 To measure the numerical aperture of optical fiber.
12 To Study of propagation & bending loss in optical fiber.
13 To determine the frequency of given laser source.
14 To understand some basic aspects of error analysis and graph drawing.
15 Understanding Logic Gates and universal logic gates.
16 Transistor Characteristics.
17 Gray to binary and binary to Gray conversion.
18 Characteristics of FET.
19 To study the I-V Characteristics of Silicon diodes.
20 To study the I-V Characteristics of Zener diodes.

Major Equipment:

Sr No Name Specification
1 Universal training kit –
electronics
2 Rectifier Kit (Half wave, Consisting of 0-30 V variable power supply, Diodes (IN
full wave, bridge) 4007), Module of 10k resistors, Included Filter Circuit.
3 Diode Characteristics 0-30 V regulated tunable power supply, milliammeter (0-
50mA), Microammeter (0-100μA), Digital multimeter,
Resistances module 10K, Facility of Silicon Diode (IN4001),
Germanium Diode (DR 25) and Zener
Diode with reverse bias voltage Max. up to 8-9 V
4 Semiconductor energy gap
set up
5 Young's Modulus set up Stand, weight box (up to 1kg), Samples (iron, Al, Cu etc), DC
adapter, Spherometer stand with buzzer, weight holder
6 solar energy trainer Fundamental of photovoltaic cell should be studied,
application and Characteristics features should be
measured by a kit
7 Ultrasonic measurement kit
8 Fiber Optic Kit LED source 950 nm/660 nm compatible APV or Photo diode
Detector with Numerical Aperture Measurement Facility
9 Laser Source He- Ne Laser and 1350 nm I-R Laser
10 CRO (20MHz)-(5MHz) dual Dual channel,0-200 V, four probe, with power probe
channel
11 Digital Multimeters
12 Wires
13 Capacitors, Resistors
14 Diodes
15 LEDs, LDRs
16 Function Generator ( 5MHz) Generation of sine, Square, Saw tooth waves
required, +/- pulses frequency range up to 20 MHz,
Peak to peak voltage around 20 V

Books Recommended:
1. Jacob. Millman, Christos C.Halkias, ‘Electronic Devices and Circuits’, Tata McGraw Hill Publishing
Limited, New Delhi, 2008, ISBN 0070634556, 9780070634558.
2. Jacob Millman and C. Halkias, ‘Integrated Electronics – Analog and Digital Circuits and Systems’, Tata
McGraw Hill, 2001, ISBN 0074622455, 9780074622452.
3. Semiconductor Devices, Physics and Technology, 3ed, ISVby Simon Sze
4. Engineering Physics by Dr. Rakesh Dogra, S. K. Kataria& Sons Publication, India
5. Resnick, Halliday and Krane, Physics part I and II, 5th Edition John Wiely (2002)
6. Physics for scientists and engineers with modern physics by Jewett &Serwey, Cengage publications
7. The Feynman Lectures on Physics Vol 2, Pearson Education India

List of Open-Source Software/learning website:

1. The Flying Circus of Physics 2nd edition by Jearl Walker, Wiley India
2. Six Ideas that shaped physics by Thomas A Moore, McGraw Hill education
3. How things works by Louis A Bloomfeild, Wiley Publications
4. Physics of Everyday Phenomena by W. Thomas Griffith, Juliet Brosing, McGraw Hill Education
5. NPTEL Video Lectures

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