Earth and Life Science

First Semester SY 2024-2025

Multiple Choice: Read and understand each question then write the letter of your answer on your answer
sheet. Use CAPITAL letter.

1. The discovery of fossils has allowed scientists to study the history of life on Earth. What evidence do
fossils provide regarding the development of life on our planet?
A. Always remained the same C. Decreased in complexity
B. Evolved over time D. Been dominated by plants
2. Scientists study the origins of life to understand its development over time. Which of the following is
considered one of the earliest forms of life on Earth?
A. Dinosaurs B. Cyanobacteria C. Mammals D. Amphibians
3. Understanding the differences between living and non-living things is fundamental in biology. Which of
the following is a characteristic that distinguishes living things from non-living things?
A. They can be made of cells C. They can exist in various environments
B. They can change in size D. They can be observed with the senses
4. Non-living things do not possess the characteristics of life. Which of the following is a non-living thing?
A. A tree B. A virus C. A rock D. A bacterium
5. Which unifying theme explains the diversity of life?
A. Evolution B. Interdependence C. Homeostasis D. Cellular organization
6. How does the structure of a cell contribute to its function in living organisms?
A. Structure has no impact on function C. All cells have identical structures and
functions
B. Specific structures enable specific functions D. Structure and function are entirely unrelated
7. Why is reproduction considered a vital characteristic of living organisms?
A. It promotes diversity within a population C. It regulates body temperature
B. It accelerates metabolic processes D. It ensures adaptability to the environment
8. Why is the concept of homeostasis crucial for the proper functioning of living organisms?
A. It promotes rapid growth. C. It accelerates metabolic processes.
B. It maintains a stable internal environment. D. It ensures constant reproduction.
9. Consider an ecosystem where a new predator is introduced. How might the principle of adaptation be
illustrated in this scenario among the prey species over time?
A. The prey species develop camouflage to avoid the predator
B. The prey species reproduce more rapidly
C. The prey species decrease in number
D. The prey species migrate to a new habitat
10. Which of the following scenarios best exemplifies the characteristic of homeostasis in a living
organism?
A. A plant growing towards sunlight C. A fish swimming in a school for protection
B. A human sweating to regulate body temperature D. A bacterium undergoing binary fission
11. Which among the given examples describes the unifying form and structure?
A. cellular basis of life C. bats have wings specialized for flying
B. light as source of energy D. living things arise from pre-existing cells
12. What happens to an organism when it fails to maintain homeostasis?
A. It undergoes rapid growth C. It adapts to the new environment
B. It becomes extinct D. It experiences optimal health
13. Staphylococcus aureus, one of the bacteria found in our skin can increase in number via binary fission.
Which unifying theme of life is described?
A. adaptation B. heredity C. metabolism D. reproduction
14. Which of the unifying themes in the study of life explains why dogs have pointed teeth in order for them
to tear meat while cows have flat front teeth in order to fully grind grasses?
A. form and function B. biological system C. metabolism D. reproduction
15. On a hot day, a man feels to go for a swim, drinks some cold water, or sits in the shade while on a cold
day, he feels to put on a coat, sits in a corner, or eats a bowl of hot soup. Given the situation, how
would you classify the interaction of the man to his environment?
A. It is an example of growth and development.
B. It shows man’s adaptation to his environment.
C. It is the ability of the man to regulate his internal condition.
D. It ensures the survival of man and in carrying out his functions.
16. Which of the following statements best describes the image shown?
A. It shows how organisms respond to its environment.
B. Organisms are growing and developing.
C. There is a transfer of energy among living organisms.
D. They are evolving.
17. Chameleons shift colors wherever they go. They are able to turn any colors or combine colors
depending on where the environment is. What trait is being described?
A. adaptation B. interaction C. inheritance D. reproduction
18. Pedro has brown eyes which he passed on to his children through _______________________
A. evolution B. regulation C. form & function D. reproduction &
inheritance
19. Erica looks similar with her mother. Which of the choices below can explain this?
A. adaptation B. evolution C. homeostasis D. heredity
20. Which of the following descriptions about the organization of an ecosystem is correct?
A. Communities make up species, which make up populations.
B. Populations make up species, which make up communities.
C. Species make up communities, which make up populations.
D. Species make up populations, which make up communities.
21. Which of the following statements is an example of homeostasis?
A. Over production of renin by the kidney that causes high blood pressure.
B. Releasing heat from the body on a hot day causing sweat.
C. Low production of insulin by the pancreas causing diabetes.
D. Calcium levels in the bones decrease too much causing osteoporosis.
22. Which statement does not describe the image on the right side?
A. Plants acquire energy for them to perform its task, the food making.
B. Plants need the abiotic factors in order to grow.
C. There is a transfer of energy from the sun to the plants.
D. They are evolving.
23. Which characteristic of life is demonstrated when a plant grows toward a light source?
A. Metabolism B. Growth C. Response to stimuli D. Adaptation
24. If an animal is placed in a new environment, which characteristic of living things allows it to adjust?
A. Homeostasis B. Metabolism C. Adaptation D. Growth
25. How do animals like dogs regulate the temperature of their body?
A. They do it by drinking C. They do it by panting
B. They do it by barking D. They do it by sweating
26. Which type of asexual reproduction is shown in the image below?

A. fission B. budding C. hermaphroditism D. conjugation

27. Which of the following is TRUE about the offspring produced by sexual reproduction? The offspring
produced are
A. different from parents. C. different kinds.
B. the same kind. D. genetically alike to parents.
28. What type of reproduction is described when a single parent produces a new organism without being
fertilized by a mate?
A. asexual reproduction C. reproduction
B. fertilization D. sexual reproduction
29. Which type of reproduction is described when new offspring simply grows from the body of another
animal that breaks off and later becomes independent?
A. budding B. fission C. fragmentation D. parthenogenesis
30. Which of the following is NOT a form of asexual reproduction?
A. budding B. fertilization C. fission D. fragmentation
31. What term refers to the process of producing new organism by combining the genetic information of
two individuals having different sexes?
A. external fertilization C. sexual reproduction
B. internal fertilization D. asexual reproduction
32. Which of the following statements correctly differentiate sexual reproduction from asexual reproduction?
A. Sexual reproduction is faster than asexual reproduction.
B. Sexual reproduction requires one parent while asexual requires two.
C. Sexual reproduction requires two parents while asexual requires one.
D. Sexual reproduction produces identical offspring while asexual produces offspring from two
parents.
33. Which is TRUE about asexual reproduction in animals?
A. Involves more amount of time in the process.
B. Produce identical offspring like the parents.
C. Utilize gametes of the body.
D. Variety of genetic make-up is produced.

34. It is the term called for organism that shifts from female to male like reel fish.
A. protandrous B. protogynous C. homosexual D. heterosexual
35. Giraffe and lion are examples of
A. oviparous B. viviparous C. ovoparous D. vivoparous
36. Mechanism of asexual reproduction in which female offspring develops from unfertilized eggs
A. budding B. fragmentation C. transverse fission D.
parthenogenesis
37. Which of the following is the first step in Genetic Engineering?
A. Isolation of the desired gene.
B. Identification of the organism that contains the gene.
C. Insertion of the desired gene into the vector.
D. Introduction of the gene to the organism.
38. Which of the following crop is not genetically modified?
A. Bt corn B. golden rice C. BT eggplant D. conventional rice
39. Which of the following is considered a risk of GM food to people’s health?
A. GM food enhanced pathogenicity.
B. GM food production cost is reduced.
C. GM food increased weed or pest burden.
D. GM food contains higher amounts of vitamins and minerals.
40. What type of organism was the first to be successfully modified via genetic
engineering?
A. bacteria B. mouse C. plant D. fungi
41. Genetic engineering is the artificial manipulation, modification, and recombination of what class of
naturally occurring chemical compound?
A. amino acids B. nucleic acids C. phosphates D. proteins
42. The ability to recombine genetic material from different organisms, resulting in the production of a
genetically modified organism, is possible due to which of the following reasons?
A. All organisms are capable of reproduction.
B. DNA vector are readily taken up by all organisms.
C. The basic chemical structure of the genetic material of all organisms are the same.
D. The basic chemical structure of the genetic material of all organisms are highly variable.
43. What happen to plants and animals during genetic modification?
A. more desirable genes are transferred to a new species
B. plants or animals are given traits that they do not typically have
C. genes are removed from one organism and transferred to another
D. All of the above
44. Which of the following is the first step in making genetically-engineered corn or Bt corn?
A. Modify Bt gene. C. Modify corn gene.
B. Insert Bt gene into corn cells. D. Extract DNA from bacteria

45. Genetic engineering is a powerful tool in modern biology. What is genetic engineering primarily
concerned with?
A. Modifying the physical appearance of organisms
B. Altering the genetic makeup of organisms
C. Enhancing the taste of food
D. Producing energy from biological sources
46. The process of inserting a gene into an organism is a key step in genetic engineering. What is the
name of the process used to introduce foreign DNA into a host organism?
A. Cloning B. Transformation C. Replication D. Mutation
47. Genetic modification can have significant impacts on agriculture. Which of the following is an advantage
of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) in agriculture?
A. Increased susceptibility to pests C. Higher crop yields
B. Reduced nutritional value D. Longer growing seasons
48. Genetic engineering techniques can alter food characteristics. What is a common goal of genetically
modifying crops?
A. To reduce their shelf life C. To make them more expensive
B. To improve taste and nutrition D. To eliminate all pests
49. Genetic engineering can produce new varieties of plants. What is the main goal of creating genetically
modified crops?
A. To make them less appealing C. To eliminate their nutritional value
B. To enhance their growth and resistance to pests D. To increase their water requirements
50. The impact of genetic engineering extends to human health. How might genetic engineering contribute
to personalized medicine?
A. By providing generic treatments
B. By tailoring therapies to individual genetic profiles
C. By reducing healthcare costs
D. By eliminating the need for medical professionals