Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Region VII, Central Visayas
SCHOOL DIVISION OF NEGROS ORIENTAL
Dumaguete City

EARTH and LIFE SCIENCE

First Semester - Finals

Name: ___________________________ Score: _______________

Grade & Section: ___________________ Date: ________________

Directions: Write the letter of the best answer on the space provided before the number.

1. When did the early forms of life exist?

A. 1.5 billion years ago B. 2.5 billion years ago
C. 4.5 billion years ago D. 3.5 billion years ago

2. Where is the first form of life seen?

A. microfossils B. layers of rocks C. oceanic crusts D. sediments

3. Which of the following is the first photosynthetic organism to form?

A. cyanobacteria B. algae C. fungi D. gymnosperm

4. Which is not true about the prokaryotes?

A. They are simple in structure, small, and unicellular. B. They do not have nucleus.
C. They survive in extreme conditions. D. They are not capable of making their
own food.

5. Which of the following processes brought changes in the early atmosphere?

A. earthquake B. extreme condition C. photosynthesis D. volcanic eruption

6. The following are multicellular organisms first evolved from colonial aggregates except:
A. fungi B. protozoans C. sponges D. mollusks

7. Which of the following statements is not correct?

A. Photosynthetic organisms decreased the amount of oxygen in the atmosphere.
B. Organisms change over time because of adaptation for survival.
C. Multicellular organisms evolved from unicellular eukaryotes.
D. The earliest forms of life were the prokaryotes.

8. All the following statements are true about the evolution of multicellular organisms except:
A. They are formed from multicellular colonial aggregates through cell specialization.
B. They are believed to have evolved from single-celled prokaryotes.
C. The process of continuous specialization brought more complex organisms.
D. The single-celled organisms that formed multicellular aggregates were like the cells of algae.

9. Why do you think the emergence of plants and animals came later than simple living organisms?
A. They are too big and take time to form.
B. They are the least important factor in the environment.
C. Their cell structures are more complex.
 D. They contain more nucleus compared to lower forms of organisms

10. Considering the present condition of the environment, do you think living organisms are still evolving
today? A. Yes, because humans continuously alter the environment that triggers evolution among
living organisms to survive.
B. No because the environment remains favorable to living organisms.
C. Yes because it is a natural phenomenon which we cannot stop from happening.
D. No because there is no condition outside their bodies that will trigger evolution.

11. What is the process by which the sun's energy is trapped as the source of energy and is converted
into chemical energy?
A. adaptation B. evolution C. photosynthesis D. homeostasis

12. Which of the following refers to the process by which changes occur in the characteristics of species
of organisms over time?
A. evolution B. homeostasis C. regulation D. metabolism

13. Which refers to the maintenance of internal conditions of an organism within a certain range?
A. adaptation B. evolution C. metabolism D. homeostasis

14. Which of the following sequences is likely to be observed in an elephant, going from smallest to
largest?
A. cell, organ, tissue, organism B. cell, organ, system, tissue
C. organism, system, organ, tissue D. cell, tissue, system, organism

15. Which of the following does not follow the principle of form follows function?
A. The thick and heavy bones of birds allow them to stay longer in the air.
B. The fins of a fish help it to propel itself through the water.
C. The beaver’s spoon-shaped tail helps them in swimming and is also used as a defense
mechanism.
D. The biconcave shape of red blood cells provides greater surface area which allow both red blood
cells and oxygen to exchange through the capillaries which are smaller in diameter than the red
blood cells.

16. Which statement is not true about living organisms?

A. Living things are made up of cells.
B. Living things adapt and evolve to survive.
C. Living things have different parts that depend on the structure and form for their functions.
D. Living things are made of organic elements only.

17. Which of the following is not an example of homeostasis?

A. Sweating cools the body down when temperature rises.
B. Energy is captured by plants to convert light energy into chemical energy.
C. If there is too much glucose in the blood, insulin converts some of it to glycogen.
D. Your body shivers when you are hot.

18. Which is true about the extinction of a species?

A. It can be caused by a natural phenomenon. B. It is caused by humans only.
C. It is never affected by human activities. D. It has a progressive impact on biodiversity.

19. What do you call the union of sperm cell and egg cell?
A. reproduction B. fission C. fertilization D. budding
20. What type of reproduction does not need two parents to produce an individual?
A. sexual reproduction B. asexual reproduction C. external fertilization D. internal
fertilization

21. It is a type of asexual reproduction wherein two individuals will form as the parent divides in half.
A. fragmentation B. budding C. regeneration D. fission

22. Which of the following animals fertilize the eggs outside the female reproductive tract?
A. frogs B. humans C. turtles D. hydra

23. Which of the following characteristics does not describe ovoviviparity?

A. eggs complete their development within the mother
B. eggs receive their nourishment through its yolk
C. the eggs are fertilized internally
D. eggs receive their nourishment through placenta

24. Which of the following pairs is mismatched?

A. planaria – fragmentation B. corals – fission
C. hydra – budding D. frogs – external fertilization

25. All the following animals reproduce asexually except

A. frogs B. corals C. starfish D. flatworms

26. Most mammals reproduce the same way except for monotremes (echidnas and platypus). This is
because monotremes
A. give birth to young B. reproduce asexually
C. lay eggs D. fertilize eggs externally

27. While walking at your favorite beach, you have noticed an organism. From time to time, one of its
appendages detach and gradually grow into a whole new organism, like the first. This is an example
of
A. fission B. budding C. fragmentation D. internal fertilization

28. What advantage would animals that reproduce sexually have over animals that reproduce asexually
when there is a change in environmental conditions? Animals that employ sexual reproduction
A. restricts the spread of harmful features B. decreases the species variation
C. produces offspring that are identical to parents D. allows species to adapt to new conditions

29. Evolution is often described as "the theme that ties together all aspects of biology." This is because
the process of evolution...
A. explains how organisms become adapted to their environment.
B. explains the diversity of organisms.
C. explains why all organisms have characteristics in common.
D. explains why distantly related organisms sometimes resemble one another.
E. all of the above are appropriate answers

30. Which of the following is NOT an example of evolution?

A. Beak size in a population of birds becomes larger from one generation to the next because
larger beaked birds had higher reproductive success and passed the trait to their offspring
B. Over long periods of time, whales gradually lost their hindlimbs
 C. When traveling to high altitude, human physiology changes to accommodate lower oxygen
levels
D. All of the above are examples of evolution

31. Evolution occurs when...

A. individuals in a population change over time in response to the environment
B. the average value of trait in a population changes from one generation to the next
C. a and b are both correct
D. Neither a or b is correct

32. Cattle breeders have improved the quality of meat over the years by which process?
A. artificial selection B. natural selection C. gene flow D. genetic drift

33. A biologist studied a population of squirrels for 15 years. During that time, the population was never
fewer than 30 squirrels and never more than 45. Her data showed that over half of the squirrels born
did not survive to reproduce, because of competition for food and predation. In a single generation,
90% of the squirrels that were born lived to reproduce, and the population increased to 80. Which
inference(s) about this population might be true?
A. The amount of available food may have increased.
B. The number of predators may have decreased.
C. The squirrels of subsequent generations should show greater levels of genetic variation than
previous generations because squirrels that would not have survived in the past will now
survive.
D. All of the above

34. During drought years in the Galapagos (an island Ecuador), small, easily eaten seeds become rare,
leaving mostly large, hard-cased seeds that only birds with large beaks can eat. If a drought persists
for several years, what should one expect to result from natural selection?
A. Small birds gaining larger beaks by exercising their mouth parts
B. More small-beaked birds dying than larger-beaked birds. The offspring produced in subsequent
generations have a higher percentage of birds with large beaks.
C. Small birds anticipating the long drought and eating more to gain weight and, consequently,
growing larger beaks
D. Larger birds eating less so smaller birds can survive

35. Which of these evolutionary agents is most consistent at causing populations to become better
suited to their environments over the course of generations?
A. Mutation B. Gene flow C. Natural selection D. Genetic drift

36. On the tree of life, the branch leading to animals is closer to fungi than it is to the branch leading to
land plants. Which of the following statements is incorrect?
A. Animals and land plants are more closely related to each other than either is to fungi.
B. Animals and plants have a common ancestor.
C. Fungi and animals do have a common ancestor.
D. Animals and fungi are more closely related to each other than animals are to land plants

37. Claytonia virginica is a woodland spring herb with flowers that vary from white to pale pink to bright
pink. Slugs prefer to eat pink-flowering over white-flowering plants (due to chemical differences
between the two), and plants experiencing severe herbivory were more likely to die. The bees that
pollinate this plant prefer also pink to white flowers, so that Claytonia with pink flowers have greater
relative fruit set (reproductive success) than Claytonia with white flowers. A researcher observes
 that the percentage of different flower colors remains stable in the study population from year to
year. If the researcher removes all slugs from the study population, what would you expect to
happen to the distribution of flower colors in the population over time?
A. The distribution of flower colors should not change.
B. The percentage of white flowers should increase over time.
C. The percentage of pink flowers should increase over time.
D. The distribution of flower colors should randomly fluctuate over time

Statement: Some members of a species have a genetic change that causes them to survive in their environment.
They have survived to reproduce and pass these genetic changes to their offspring.
38. What best explains this situation?
A. All living organisms are made up of cells.
B. Living things evolve through time.
C. Living things interact with their environment to survive.
D. Different organisms must maintain different internal conditions.
Statement: Over a year, the population of Bengal tigers in India decreased by half of its original size.
39. Which statement below best explains this change in the Bengal tiger’s population?
A. presence of rich habitat and sustainability in food sources
B. poaching due to the increasing demand for traditional Asian medicines
C. gradual change in climate and other environmental factors
D. increase in the number of preys in the area

Items 40-48. Identify the correct answers to the following boxes.

Prepared by:

FRANCES VALE A. BASAN

Subject Teacher