8 Maths PPT 6 (Mensuration)

MENSURATION
PART-VI
RECAPITULATION
➢Perimeter is the length of the boundary of a closed plane figure.

The unit of perimeter is same as the length unit like m, cm etc.
➢Area is the region covered by the closed plane figure.
Unit of area is square of the unit of length
like m2, cm2 etc.
➢ Lateral surface area of a cuboid = 2 ( l+ b) h

➢ Total surface area of a cuboid = 2 (lb+bh+lh)
➢Lateral surface area of a cube = 4a2

➢Total surface area of a cube = 6a2
➢ Total surface area of a cylinder = 2πr (h + r)

➢ Curved surface area of a cylinder = 2πrh
VOLUME
Amount of space occupied by a three dimensional object is
known as its volume.
➢Volume of a room is greater than the

volume of an almirah kept inside it.
➢Volume of almirah is greater than
the volume of vase kept.
To paint the almirah, we

should find its
perimeter/area /volume?
Area
VOLUME
Each side of the cube = 1 unit
1 cubic unit is the amount of space that a unit cube occupies.

1 cubic unit = the volume of a unit cube
This block is made of 6 unit cubes.

Its volume is 6 cubic units.
What is the volume

of the given solids?
Volume of each solid

= 6 unit cubes
VOLUME OF A CUBOID
Volume is measured in cubic units
1 cubic cm = 1cm × 1cm × 1 cm = 1 cm3

Volume of the cube = 1 cm3
This solid is made up of 4 cubes of

2cm volume 1 cm3. So, its volume is 4cm3
2cm
This solid is made up of 6 cubes of

volume 1 cm3.So, its volume is 6 cm3
2cm
3 cm
VOLUME OF A CUBOID
l = 2 units, b= 2 units , h = 3 units

This cuboid is made up of 12cubic units.
Volume = 2 × 2 × 3 = 12cubic units
How is it related to
dimensions of the
cuboid?
l = 3 units, b= 2 units , h = 2 units

This cuboid is made up of 12cubic units.
Volume = 3 × 2 × 2 = 12cubic units
Volume of a cuboid = length × breadth × height

VOLUME OF A CUBOID / CUBE
Cuboid in which length of each edge is equal is

known as a cube.
Thus, the Volume of a cube of side ‘𝒂’
= 𝒂 × 𝒂 × 𝒂 = 𝒂𝟑
⸫ Volume of a cube = (Side)3

= Area of the base × height
VOLUME OF A CUBOID
By counting cubes, volume of the cuboid = 24 cubic cm
= 4cm × 3cm × 2cm = 24 cubic cm

VOLUME OF A CYLINDER
As a cylinder can be seen as a collection of multiple congruent disks

stacked one above the other. In order to calculate the space occupied
by a cylinder, we calculate the space occupied by each disk and then
find their sum.
Thus, the volume of the cylinder can be given by the product of

the area of base and height.
For a cylinder of base radius ‘r’, and height ‘h’,

volume = (area of base) × height of the cylinder
Since, the base is a circle, it can be written as

area of circle × height
Therefore, Volume of a cylinder = πr2h
VOLUME AND CAPACITY
➢ Volume refers to the amount of space occupied by an object.
➢ Capacity refers to the quantity that a container holds.
Capacity is also
measured in litres.
1 litres = 1000 cm3
1 m3 = 1000 litres
Exercise 11.4(NCERT)
Q4.A cuboid is of dimensions 60 cm × 54 cm × 30 cm. How
many small cubes with side 6 cm can be placed in the given
cuboid?
Ans: Volume of cuboid =60 cm × 54 cm × 30 cm
= 97200 cm3
volume of cube = (side)3 = (6)3 cm3 = 216 cm3
∴ required number of cubes= Volume of the cuboid ÷ Volume of the cube
= 97200 ÷ 216 = 450
Q3. Find the height of a cuboid whose base area is 180 cm2 and volume
is 900 cm3?
Hint: volume of cuboid = l × b × h = Area of base × Height
900 = 180 × Height
Q6. A milk tank is in the form of cylinder whose radius is
1.5 m and length is 7 m. Find the quantity of milk in litres
that can be stored in the tank?
Ans:Volume of a cylinder = πr2h
= × 1.5 × 1.5 × 7 m3 = 49.5 m3
= 49.5 × 1000 litres (Since, 1 m3 = 1000 litres)
= 49500 litres
Hence, the quantity of milk that can be stored in the tank is 49500 litres.
Q7. If each edge of a cube is doubled,

(i) how many times will its surface area increase?
Ans: Let the original edge of the cube be l.
Therefore, original surface area = 6l 2 Surface area will
Edge of cube is doubled, hence it will become 2l. increase by 4 times
∴ New surface area = 6(2l)2 = 24l2 = 4 x 6l2
Q8.Water is pouring into a cuboidal reservoir at the rate of 60
litres per minute. If the volume of reservoir is 108 m³, find
the number of hours it will take to fill the reservoir.
Ans: Volume of reservoir =108 m3=108000 l( 1 m3 =1000 l )
Water poured in 1 minute = 60 l
Water poured in 1hour = 60 × 60
= 3600 l
Therefore, time needed to fill 1 l water = hour
Time needed to fill 108000 l water = == 30 hours

Video link for volume of cuboid/ cube
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kWkKGYWWGqQ
Assignment Booklet
Q7. The area of a square ABCD is 16 cm². Find the area of the
square formed by joining the midpoints of its sides.
Soln : Let ABCD be the square of side 4 cm.

Let P, Q, R, S be the mid points of
AB, BC, CD and AB respectively.
𝟒
∴ 𝑨𝑷 = 𝑨𝑺 = = 𝟐 𝒄𝒎
𝟐
Since, all the angles of a square are right angles.
∴ In right angled ∆𝐒𝐀𝐏,
By Pythagoras Theorem,
𝑺𝑷𝟐 = 𝑺𝑨𝟐 + 𝑨𝑷2
= 𝟐𝟐 + 𝟐 𝟐
=𝟒+𝟒 =𝟖
So, all the sides of the square formed by joining the mid
points of sides of ABCD are same
i.e. 𝐒𝐏 = 𝐏𝐐 = 𝐐𝐑 = 𝐒𝐑
Area of square 𝑬𝑭𝑮𝑯 = 𝐬𝐢𝐝𝐞 × 𝐬𝐢𝐝𝐞

= 𝐒𝐏 × 𝐒𝐏
= 𝑺𝑷²
= 𝟖 𝒄𝒎²
Assignment Booklet
Q9. The rain fell 10 cm on a particular day. The rain water that fell
on a roof 135 m long and 77 m wide was collected in a
cylindrical tank of radius 21m. Find
a) the volume of water that fell on the roof.
b) the rise of water level in the tank due to rain water.
 Soln :
 a) Rainwater collected on a roof will take a cuboid shape
So, volume of water that fell on the roof

=𝒍×𝒃×𝒉
= 𝟏𝟑𝟓 × 𝟕𝟕 × 𝟎. 𝟏𝟎
= 𝟏𝟎𝟑𝟗. 𝟓 𝒎³
b) Volume of cylindrical tank
𝟐 𝟐𝟐
= 𝝅𝒓 𝒉 = × 𝟐𝟏 × 𝟐𝟏 × 𝒉
𝟕
Volume of water in cylinder = 𝟏𝟎𝟑𝟗. 𝟓 𝒎³
𝟐𝟐
∴ × 𝟐𝟏 × 𝟐𝟏 × 𝒉 = 𝟏𝟎𝟑𝟗. 𝟓
𝟕
𝟏𝟎𝟑𝟗.𝟓×𝟕
𝒉= = 𝟎. 𝟕𝟓 𝒎
𝟐𝟐×𝟐𝟏×𝟐𝟏
Ans : The water level rise by 𝟎. 𝟕𝟓𝒎 in the tank.

Assignment Booklet
Q10. If a perimeter of a trapezium is 52 cm and its
non-parallel sides are equal to 10 cm each and its
altitude is 8 cm, find its area.
 Soln : Perimeter of a trapezium = 𝟓𝟐 𝒄𝒎
Each of non-parallel sides = 𝟏𝟎 𝒄𝒎
∴ sum of parallel sides = 𝟓𝟐 − 𝟏𝟎 + 𝟏𝟎
= 𝟓𝟐 − 𝟐𝟎 = 𝟑𝟐 𝒄𝒎
𝟏
Area of trapezium = × sum of parallel sides × 𝐡eight
𝟐
𝟏
= × 𝟑𝟐 × 𝟖
𝟐
= 𝟏𝟐𝟖 𝒄𝒎²

8 Maths PPT 6 (Mensuration)

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MENSURATION

➢Perimeter is the length of the boundary of a closed plane figure.

➢ Lateral surface area of a cuboid = 2 ( l+ b) h

➢Lateral surface area of a cube = 4a2

➢ Total surface area of a cylinder = 2πr (h + r)

➢Volume of a room is greater than the

To paint the almirah, we

1 cubic unit is the amount of space that a unit cube occupies.

This block is made of 6 unit cubes.

What is the volume

Volume of each solid

1 cubic cm = 1cm × 1cm × 1 cm = 1 cm3

This solid is made up of 4 cubes of

This solid is made up of 6 cubes of

l = 2 units, b= 2 units , h = 3 units

l = 3 units, b= 2 units , h = 2 units

Volume of a cuboid = length × breadth × height

Cuboid in which length of each edge is equal is

⸫ Volume of a cube = (Side)3

Volume of a cuboid = length × breadth × height

Volume of a cuboid = length × breadth × height

= 4cm × 3cm × 2cm = 24 cubic cm

As a cylinder can be seen as a collection of multiple congruent disks

Thus, the volume of the cylinder can be given by the product of

For a cylinder of base radius ‘r’, and height ‘h’,

Since, the base is a circle, it can be written as

Q7. If each edge of a cube is doubled,

Time needed to fill 108000 l water = == 30 hours

Soln : Let ABCD be the square of side 4 cm.

Area of square 𝑬𝑭𝑮𝑯 = 𝐬𝐢𝐝𝐞 × 𝐬𝐢𝐝𝐞

So, volume of water that fell on the roof

Volume of water in cylinder = 𝟏𝟎𝟑𝟗. 𝟓 𝒎³

Ans : The water level rise by 𝟎. 𝟕𝟓𝒎 in the tank.

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