Cylinders: Book 2B Chapter 11

Book 2B Chapter 11
(page 11.27 – 11.36)
Cylinders
Cylinders
A cylinder is a solid with a uniform cross-section and its two
bases are circles.
The solids below are all cylinders.

Cylinders
Consider the cylinder on the right. A×
AB is a line joining the centres of the

two bases.
If AB is perpendicular to the two bases, B×

we call this type of cylinders right cylinders.
In this chapter, all cylinders are right

cylinders, unless otherwise specified.
Volumes of Cylinders
Do you remember how to

find the volume of a prism?
Take the following triangular prism as an example.
Volume of a prism = base area × height

height
base
triangular prism
How about the volume

of a cylinder?
Using the approach of

finding the area of a circle,
a cylinder can be divided into many

equal pieces and recombined into a
solid with a uniform cross-section.
When the number of pieces is

increased, the solid obtained will
become approximately a prism.
∵ Volume of a prism = base area × height
∴ We have the following formula:
volume of a cylinder ◀ volume of a cylinder

height = volume of prism
= base area × height
base
For a cylinder with base radius r, height h and volume V,
volume of a cylinder ◀ volume of a cylinder

height
h = volume of prism
= base area × height
× r
V = πr2h
base
This is the formula for the

volume of a cylinder.
Example 1
Find the volume of the cylinder in the figure 5 cm
correct to 3 significant figures.
2 cm
Solution
◀ r = 2 cm, h = 5 cm
Example 2
hm
Given that the base radius and the volume of
the cylinder in the figure are 8 m and 768π m3
respectively, find its height. 8m
×
Solution
Let h m be the height of the cylinder.
volume = 768π m3
∵
∴
∴ The height of the cylinder is 12 m.

Example 3
The figure shows a cylindrical container
filled with 342π cm3 of water. If the depth
of water is 9.5 cm, find the base radius of
the container correct to 3 significant figures.
9.5 cm
Solution ×
Let r cm be the base radius of the container. r cm
∵
∴
∴ The base radius of the container is 6 cm.

Follow-up question
Complete the following table.
(Give your answers in terms of π if necessary.)
Base radius (r) Height (h) Volume of the cylinder (V)

2 cm 10 cm 40π cm3
4m 112π m3
11 mm 275π mm3
Follow-up question

2 cm 10 cm 40π cm3
4m 7m 112π m3
11 mm 275π mm3
Follow-up question

2 cm 10 cm 40π cm3
4m 7m 112π m3
5 mm 11 mm 275π mm3
Like prisms, we can find the
surface area of a cylinder.
Curved Surface Areas of Cylinders
Here is a cylindrical can

that has a piece of red wrapper.
We can see that the lateral face of the

cylindrical can is a curved surface.
When we cut the wrapper vertically,

When we cut the wrapper vertically, and then spread out the wrapper,
When we cut the wrapper vertically, and then spread out the wrapper,
we obtain a rectangle.
A D
B C
Therefore, the area of the lateral face, i.e. the curved surface
area, of the can is equal to the area of the rectangle ABCD.
A D
B C
What do you think about the

relationship between AD and the
circumference of the base of the can?
A D
B C
They are equal.

A D
B C
Yes! You are right.

A D
B C
How about the relationship between AB

and the height of the can?
A D
B C
They are also same in lengths.

A D
B C
Correct! Therefore, we have

the following conclusion.
A D
B C
Curved surface area of the can

= area of rectangle ABCD
= AD × AB
= circumference of the base of the can × height of the can
For a cylinder with base radius r and height h,
× r Curved surface area of a cylinder = 2πrh

= circumference of the base × height
h
= 2πrh
We can find the curved surface area of

a cylinder if its base radius and height
are known.
Example
1 cm
Find the curved surface area of the cylinder in ×
the figure correct to 3 significant figures.
2 cm
Solution
◀ r = 1 cm, h = 2 cm
Total Surface Areas of Cylinders
×r
× r
h
h
×r
The total surface area of a cylinder can

be found by adding the areas of its two
bases to its curved surface area.
area = πr2 ×r
× r
h
curved surface area = 2πrh
area = πr2 ×r
Total surface area of a cylinder

Example 1
The base radius and the curved surface area of
the cylinder are 7 cm and 154π cm2 respectively.
7 cm
Find the total surface area of the cylinder in terms
×
of π.
Solution
Total surface area

= curved surface area
+ areas of the two bases
Example 2
Find the total surface area of the cylinder in the
figure correct to 1 decimal place. 4 cm
Solution 3 cm
Example 3
r9cm
cm
The figure shows a cylinder of volume
810π cm3. The height of the cylinder is ×
10 cm. Find its 10 cm
(a) base radius,
(b) total surface area correct to
3 significant figures.
volume = 810π cm3
Solution
(a) Let r cm be the base radius of the cylinder.
∵
∴
∴ The base radius of the cylinder is 9 cm.

Example 3
9 cm
The figure shows a cylinder of volume
810π cm3. The height of the cylinder is ×
10 cm. Find its 10 cm
(a) base radius,
(b) total surface area correct to
3 significant figures.
volume = 810π cm3
Solution
(b)
Follow-up question
Base Height Curved surface Total surface area

radius area of the cylinder of the cylinder
(r) 1(h)
cm 6π cm2
120π m2
3 cm
5m
4 mm 48π mm2
Follow-up question

(r) 1(h)
cm 6π cm2 24π cm2
120π m2
3 cm
5m
4 mm 48π mm2
Follow-up question

(r) 1(h)
cm 6π cm2 24π cm2
12 m 120π m2
3 cm
5m
4 mm 48π mm2
Follow-up question

(r) 1(h)
cm 6π cm2 24π cm2
12 m 120π m2 170π m2
3 cm
5m
4 mm 48π mm2
Follow-up question

(r) 1(h)
cm 6π cm2 24π cm2
12 m 120π m2 170π m2
3 cm
6 mm 120π mm2
5m
4 mm 48π mm2

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Book 2B Chapter 11

(page 11.27 – 11.36)

The solids below are all cylinders.

AB is a line joining the centres of the

If AB is perpendicular to the two bases, B×

In this chapter, all cylinders are right

Do you remember how to

Take the following triangular prism as an example.

Volume of a prism = base area × height

How about the volume

Using the approach of

a cylinder can be divided into many

When the number of pieces is

volume of a cylinder ◀ volume of a cylinder

volume of a cylinder ◀ volume of a cylinder

This is the formula for the

∴ The height of the cylinder is 12 m.

∴ The base radius of the container is 6 cm.

Base radius (r) Height (h) Volume of the cylinder (V)

Base radius (r) Height (h) Volume of the cylinder (V)

Base radius (r) Height (h) Volume of the cylinder (V)

Here is a cylindrical can

We can see that the lateral face of the

When we cut the wrapper vertically,

What do you think about the

They are equal.

Yes! You are right.

How about the relationship between AB

They are also same in lengths.

Correct! Therefore, we have

Curved surface area of the can

× r Curved surface area of a cylinder = 2πrh

We can find the curved surface area of

The total surface area of a cylinder can

Total surface area of a cylinder

Total surface area

∴ The base radius of the cylinder is 9 cm.

Base Height Curved surface Total surface area

Base Height Curved surface Total surface area

Base Height Curved surface Total surface area

Base Height Curved surface Total surface area

Base Height Curved surface Total surface area

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