(Group 15 to 18)

1. Which of the following statements is not true for halogens?

(a) All form monobasic oxyacids.
(b) All are oxidizing agents.
(c) All but fluorine show positive oxidation states.
(d) Chlorine has the highest electron‐gain enthalpy. (NEET 2018)
2. Match the interhalogen compounds of column‐I with the geometry in column‐
II and assign the correct code.
Column I Column II

(a) (i) ‐shape

(b) (ii) Pentagonal bipyramidal

(c) (iii) Linear

(d) (iv) Squarepyramidal

(v) Tetrahedral
Code :

A B
(a) (iii) (i) (iv) (ii)
(b) (v) (iv) (iii) (ii)
(c) (iv) (iii) (ii) (i)
(d) (iii) (iv) (i) (ii) (NEET 2017)

3. In which pair of ions both the species contain — bond?

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d) (NEET 2017)

4. Match the compounds given in column I with the hybridisation and shape
given in column II and mark the correct option.
Column I Column II
(i) distortedoctahedral
(a)
(ii) square planar
(b)
(iii) pyramidal
(c)
(iv) squarepyramidal
(d)
Code :A B
(a) (iv) (iii) (i) (ii)
(b) (iv) (i) (ii) (iii)
(c) (i) (iii) (iv) (ii)
(d) (i) (ii) (iv) (iii) (NEET‐I 2016)
5. Which is the correct statement for the given acids?
(a) Phosphinic acid is a monoprotic acid while phosphonic acid is a diprotic
acid.
(b) Phosphinic acid is a diprotic acid while phosphonic acid is a monoprotic
acid.
(c) Both are diprotic acids.
(d) Both are triprotic acids. (NEET‐I 2016)
6. Which one of the following orders is correct for the bond dissociation
enthalpy of halogen molecules?

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d) (NEET‐I 2016)

7. When copper is heated with conc. it produces

(a) , and

(b) and
 (c) and

(d) and NO (NEET‐I 2016)

8. Among the following, the correct order of acidity is

(a)

(b) HClO

(c)

(d) HCIO (NEET‐I 2016)

9. Strong reducing behaviour of is due to

(a) high electron gain enthalpy of phosphorus
(b) high oxidation state of phosphorus
(c) presence of two −OH groups and one P—H bond
(d) presence of one −OH group and two P—H bonds. (2015)
10. The variation of the boiling points of the hydrogen halides is in the
order What explains the higher boiling point of hydrogen
fluoride?
(a) There is strong hydrogen bonding between HF molecules.
(b) The bond energy of HF molecules is greater than in other hydrogen
halides.
(c) The effect of nuclear shielding is much reduced in fluorine which polarises
the HF molecule.
(d) The electronegativity of fluorine is much higher than for other elements
in the group. (2015)
11. Which of the statements given below is incorrect?

(a) molecule is bent.

(b) ONF is isoelectronic with

(c) is an oxide of fluorine.

 (d) is an anhydride of perchloric acid. (2015)

12. The formation of the oxide ion, from oxygen atom requires first an
exothermic and then an endothermic step as shown below:

Thus, process of
formation of in gas phase is unfavourable even though is
isoelectronic with neon. It is due to the fact that,

(a) ion has comparatively smaller size than oxygen atom

(b) oxygen is more electronegative
(c) addition of electron in oxygen results in larger size of the ion
(d) electron repulsion outweighs the stability gained by achieving noble gas
configuration. (2015)
13. Nitrogen dioxide and sulphur dioxide have some properties in common.
Which property is shown by one of these compounds, but not by the other?
(a) Is soluble in water.
(b) Is used as a food preservative.
(c) Forms ‘acid‐rain’.
(d) Is a reducing agent. (2015, Cancelled)
14. Acidity of diprotic acids in aqueous solutions increases in the order

(a)
(2014)
15. Which is the strongest acid in the following?

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d) (NEET 2013)

16. Which one of the following molecules contains no bond?

(a)
 (b)

(c)

(d) (NEET 2013)

17. Which of the following does not give oxygen on heating?

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d) (NEET 2013)

18. Identify the incorrect statement, regarding the molecule :

(a) molecule is square planar.

(b) There are four bonds.

(c) There are four ‐p, bonds.

(d) molecule is tetrahedral.(Karnataka NEET 2013)

19. In which of the following compounds, nitrogen exhibits highest
oxidation state?

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d) (2012)
20. Which of the following statements is not valid for oxoacids of
phosphorus?
(a) Orthophosphoric acid is used in the manufacture of triple
superphosphate.
(b) Hypophosphorous acid is a diprotic acid.
 (c) All oxoacids contain tetrahedral four coordinated phosphorus.

(d) All oxoacids contain at least one unit and one P—OH group. (2012)
21. Sulphur trioxide can be obtained by which of the following reaction?

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d) (2012)
22. In which of the following arrangements the given sequence is not
strictly according to the property indicated against it?

(a) : increasing acidic strength

(b) : increasing values

(c) : increasing acidic character

(d) : increasing oxidising power (Mains 2012)

23. Oxidation states of in HPO, HPO, are respectively

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d) (2010)
24. The correct order of increasing bond angles in the following species is

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d) (2010)
25. How many bridging oxygen atoms are present in ?
(a) 6
(b) 4
(c) 2
(d) 5(Mains 2010)
26. Among the following which is the strongest. oxidising agent?

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d) (2009)
27. The angular shape of ozone molecule (O) consists of

(a) 10 and bond

(b) 20 and bond

(c) 1 and bonds

(d) 20 and bonds (2008)

28. Which one of the following orders correctly represents the increasing
acid strengths of the given acids?

(a)

(b) HOClO

(c) HOClO

(d) HOCl HOCIO

29. The electronegativity difference between and is greater than that

between and yet the dipole moment of is larger than that of

. This is because
 (a) in the atomic dipole and bond dipole are in the opposite directions
whereas in these are in the same direction

(b) in as well as in the atomic dipole and bond dipole are in the
same direction

(c) in the atomic dipole and bond dipole are in the same direction
whereas in these are in opposite directions

(d) in as well as in the atomic dipole and bond dipole are in opposite
directions. (2006)
30. Which one of the following orders is not in accordance with the
property stated against it?

(a) : Bond dissociation energy

(b) : Oxidising power

(c) : Acidic property in water

(d) : Electronegativity(2006)
31. In which of the following molecules are all the bonds are not equal?

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d) (2006)

32. What is the correct relationship between the of isomolar solutions

of sodium oxide, , sodium sulphide, , sodium

selenide, and sodium telluride ?

(a)

(b)
 (c)

(d) (2005)
33. Which one of the following oxides is expected to exhibit paramagnetic
behaviour?

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d) (2005)
34. Which of the following would have a permanent dipole moment?

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d) (2005)

35. Among , Ca, Fe and Zn, the element which can form more than one
binary compound with chlorine is
(a) Fe
(b) Zn

(c)
(d) Ca (2004)
36. Which of the following statement is true?
(a) Silicon exhibits 4 coordination number in its compound.

(b) Bond energy of is less than

(c) Mn(III) oxidation state is more stable than Mn(II) in aqueous state.

(d) Elements of gp shows only and oxidation states. (2002)

37. Which of the following order is wrong?
 (a) —acidic

(b) Li IP

(c) —basic

(d) —ionic radius.(2002)

38. Correct order of 1st ionisation potential among following elements Be,
is

(a)

(b)

(c) Be

(d) Be (2001)
39. Which compound has planar structure?

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d) (2000)
40. Which of the following oxides is most acidic?

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d) (1999)
41. Which of the following phosphorus is the most reactive?
(a) Scarlet phosphorus
(b) White phosphorus
(c) Red phosphorus
 (d) Violet phosphorus (1999)
42. Which of the following is used in the preparation of chlorine?

(a) Both and

(b) Only

(c) Only

(d) Either or (1999)

43. Repeated use of which one of the following fertilizers would increase
the acidity of the soil?
(a) Ammonium sulphate
(b) Superphosphate of lime
(c) Urea
(d) Potassium nitrate (1998)
44. Which of the following has the highest dipole moment?

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d) (1997)
45. The structural formula of hypophosphorous acid is

(a)

(b)
 (c)
(d) None of these (1997)
46. Which of the following bonds has the highest energy?
(a) SS
(b) OO
(c) SeSe
(d) TeTe (1996)
47. The basic character of hydrides of the V group elements decreases in
the order

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d) (1996)
48. Among the following oxides, the lowest acidic is

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d) (1996)
49. Which of the following has the greatest electron affinity?
(a) I
(b) Br

(c)
(d) Cl (1996)
50. Which of the following represents calcium chlorite?
 (a)

(b)

(c)

(d) (1996)
51. Reaction of sodium thiosulphate with iodine gives
(a) tetrathionate ion
(b) sulphide ion
(c) sulphate ion
(d) sulphite ion. (1996)
52. About 20 km above the earth, there is an ozone layer. Which one of
the following statements about ozone and ozone layer is true?
(a) It is beneficial to us as it stops U.V radiation.

(b) Conversion of to is an endothermic reaction.

(c) Ozone has a triatomic linear molecule.
(d) It is harmful as it stops useful radiation. (1995)

53. The electronic configuration of an element is . What is

the atomic number of the element, which is just below the above element in
the periodic table?
(a) 36
(b) 49
(c) 33
(d) 34 (1995)
54. Which of the following oxides of nitrogen is paramagnetic?

(a)

(b)

(c)
 (d) (1994)

55. Which of the following displaces from an aqueous solution

containing bromide ions?

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d) (1994)
56. Which of the following fluorides does not exist?

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d) (1993)
57. Which of the following species has four lone pairs of electrons?
(a) I

(b)

(c)
(d) He (1993)
58. Which of the following sets has strongest tendency to form anions?
(a) Ga, Ni, Tl
(b) Na, Mg, Al

(c)
(d) V, Cr, Mn.(1993)
59. A solution of potassium bromide is treated with each ofthe following.
Which one would liberate bromine?
(a) Hydrogen iodide
 (b) Sulphur dioxide
(c) Chlorine
(d) Iodine (1993)
60. Which of the following elements is extracted commercially by the
electrolysis of an aqueous solution of its compound?
(a) Cl
(b) Br
(c) Al
(d) Na (1993)
61. Number of electrons shared in the formation of nitrogen molecule is
(a) 6
(b) 10
(c) 2
(d) 8 (1992)
62. Sugarcane on reaction with nitric acid gives

(a) and

(b)

(c) (two moles)

(d) no reaction. (1992)
63. Nitrogen is relatively inactive element because
(a) its atom has a stable electronic configuration
(b) it has low atomic radius
(c) its electronegativity is fairly high
(d) dissociation energy of its molecule is fairly high. (1992)

64. is the molecular formula of an acid of phosphorus. Its name and

basicity respectively are
(a) phosphorous acid and two
(b) hypophosphorous acid and two
 (c) hypophosphorous acid and one
(d) hypophosphoric acid and two. (1992)
65. Which of the following bonds will be most polar?
(a) N—CI
(b) O—F
(c) N—F
(d) N‐N (1992)
66. Elements of which of the following groups will form anions most
readily?
(a) Oxygen family
(b) Nitrogen family
(c) Halogens
(d) Alkali metals (1992)
67. Strongest hydrogen bonding is shown by
(a) water
(b) ammonia
(c) hydrogen fluoride
(d) hydrogen sulphide. (1992)
68. When chlorine is passed over dry slaked lime at room temperature, the
main reaction product is

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d) (1992)
69. In the manufacture of bromine from sea water, the mother liquor
containing bromides is treated with
(a) carbon dioxide
(b) chlorine
 (c) iodine
(d) sulphur dioxide. (1992)
70. Which would quickly absorb oxygen?
(a) Alkaline solution of pyrogallol

(b) Conc.
(c) Lime water

(d) Alkaline solution of . (1991)

71. Oleum is
(a) castor oil
(b) oil of vitriol

(c) fuming
(d) none of these. (1991)
72. Aqueous solution of ammonia consists of

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d) and OH. (1991)

73. is heated with water to give

(a) hypophosphorous acid
(b) phosphorous acid
(c) hypophosphoric acid
(d) orthophosphoric acid. (1991)
74. Basicity of orthophosphoric acid is
(a) 2
(b) 3
(c) 4
 (d) 5 (1991)

75. reacts with water to form

(a)

(b) , HC1

(c)

(d) (1991)

76. NaOH forms

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d) (1991)
77. Pure nitrogen is prepared in the laboratory by heating a mixture of

(a)

(b)

(c) NaOH

(d) (1991)
78. The bleaching action of chlorine is due to
(a) reduction
(b) hydrogenation
(c) chlorination
(d) oxidation.(1991)
79. Which of the following statement is not correct for nitrogen?
(a) Its electronegativity is very high.

(b) ‐orbitals are available for bonding.

 (c) It is a typical non‐metal.
(d) Its molecular size is small. (1990)
80. Which of the following compound does not exist?

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d) (1989)
81. Each of the following is true for white and red phosphorus except that
they

(a) are both soluble in

(b) can be oxidised by heating in air
(c) consist of the same kind of atoms
(d) can be converted into one another.(1989)

82. When orthophosphoric acid is heated to the product formed is

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d) (1989)
83. Which one has the lowest boiling point?

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d) (1989)
84. Oxygen will directly react with each of the following elements except
 (a)
(b) Cl
(c) Na

(d) (1989)
85. The gases respectively absorbed by alkaline pyrogallol and oil of
cinnamon are

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d) (1989)
86. It is possible to obtain oxygen from air by fractional distillation because
(a) oxygen is in a different group of the periodic table from nitrogen
(b) oxygen is more reactive than nitrogen
(c) oxygen has higher b.p. than nitrogen
(d) oxygen has a lower density than nitrogen. (1989)
87. Bleaching powder reacts with a few drops of conc. HC1 to give
(a) chlorine
(b) hypochlorous acid
(c) calcium oxide
(d) oxygen. (1989)
88. Which of the following is a nitric acid anhydride?
(a) NO

(b)

(c)

(d) (1988)
89. Bleaching powder is obtained by the action of chlorine gas and
(a) dilute solution of

(b) concentrated solution of

(c) dry
(d) dry slaked lime.(1988)

Answer Key

1. (c) 2. (a) 3. (a) 4. (c) 5. (a) 6. (d) 7. (c) 8. (d) 9. (d) 10. (a) 11. (c) 12. (d)
13. (b) 14. (a) 15. (a) 16. (d) 17. (b) 18. (a) 19. (c) 20. (b) 21. (b) 22. (b) 23.
(d) 24. (d) 25. (a) 26. (d) 27. (b) 28. (d) 29. (c) 30. (a) 31. (b) 32. (a) 33. (d)
34. (b) 35. (a) 36. (b) 37. (b) 38. (a) 39. (a) 40. (c) 41. (b) 42. (a) 43. (a) 44.
(c) 45. (c) 46. (a) 47. (a) 48. (a) 49. (d) 50. (b) 51. (a) 52. (a) 53. (c) 54. (a)
55. (c) 56. (a) 57. (b) 58. (c) 59. (c) 60. (a) 61. (a) 62. (b) 63. (d) 64. (c) 65.
(c) 66. (c) 67. (c) 68. (c) 69. (b) 70. (a) 71. (c) 72. (d) 73. (d) 74. (b) 75. (b)
76. (a) 77. (d) 78. (d) 79. (b) 80. (a) 81. (a) 82. (d) 83. (b) 84. (b) 85. (b) 86.
(c) 87. (a) 88. (c) 89. (d)

‐Block Elements (Group 15 to 18)

169

EXPLANATIONS

1. (c):All halogens show both positive and negative oxidation states while
fluorine shows only negative oxidation state except in HOF.
2. (a)

3. (a):
ō ō

(c)

4.

Pyramidal

Distorted octahedral

Xe
Square pyramidal

Square planar

5. (a) :

H OH

Hypophosphorous acid Orthophosphorous acid or Phosphinic acid or

Phosphonic acid(Dibasic) (Monobasic)

6. (d): The order of bond dissociation enthalpy is :

7. (c) : conc.

8. (d):The acidic character of the oxoacids increases with increase in

oxidation number of the halogen atom i.e., HCIO This
can be explained on the basis of relative stability of the anions left aft er
removal of a proton. Since the stability of the anion decreases in the order:
acid strength also decreases in the same order.
9. (d) : All oxyacids of phosphorus which have P—H bonds act as strong
reducing agents. has two P—H bonds hence, it acts as a strong
reducing agent.
HO

10. (a): HF forms strong intermolecular ‐bonding due to high

electronegativity of F. Hence, the boiling point of HF is abnormally high.
Boiling points of other hydrogen halides gradually increase from HC1 to HI
due to increase in size of halogen atoms from Cl to I which further increase
the magnitude of van der Waals forces.

11. (c): (oxygen difluoride) is a fluoride of oxygen because fluorine is

more electronegative than oxygen.
12. (d)

13. (b) : is not used as a food preservative.

14. (a): As the atomic size increases down the group, the bond length
increases and the bond strength decreases and the cleavage of EH bond
becomes easier thus, more will be the acidity Thus, the correct order is :

15. (a): with highest oxidation number and its conjugate base is
resonance stabilised, hence it is most acidic. Cl is more electronegative than
S.

16. (d):
170

17. (b):
18. (a):

Tetrahedral

19. (c) :

Thus, highest oxidation state is

20. (b): Hypophosphorous acid is a monoprotic acid.

21. (b):
22. (b): Acidic strength of hydrides increase with increase in molecular mass.
Thus order of acidic strength is

And as acidic strength increases, decreases. Thus order of

23. (d): The oxidation state can be calculated as :

24. (d)

25. (a) :

26. (d): Standard reduction potentials of halogens are positive and decrease
fr om fluorine to iodine. So, is the strongest oxidising agent.
27. (b): The angular shape of ozone molecule (O)

molecules can be represented by the following two lewis structures.

( )( )

: :,: .:

lUCmre I Structure II

28. (d):
As the number of oxygen atom increases, an increasing amount of electron
density shiftts from Cl atom to more electronegative atom. Hence as the
oxidation number of Cl atom increases, the amount of actual positive charge
on Cl atom increases which in turn attracts the electron density from O‐H
bond, hence the O‐H bond is weakened and proton is easily released and
acidity increases. 29. (c) : The dipole moment of is 0.24 and of is
1.48 D. The difference is due to fact that while the dipole moment due to N‐F
bonds in are in opposite direction to the direction of the dipole moment
of the lone pair on atom which partly cancel out, the dipole moment of N‐
H bonds in are in the same direction ofthe dipole moment of the lone
pair on atom which adds up as shown:

(moments subtract) (moments add)

30. (a): bond F‐F CI‐CI Br‐Br I‐I Bond dissociation

38 57 45.5 35.6 energy (kcal/mol)
The lower value of bond dissociation energy of fluorine is due to the high
inter‐electronic repulsions between non‐bonding electrons in the ‐orbitals
of fluorine. As a result bond is weaker in comparison to CI—CI and Br—
Br bonds.

‐Block Elements (Group 15 to 18)

171

31. (b) : The CI‐F bond length is equal to 1.60 Å while each of the

two axial CI‐F bond length is equal to 1.70 Å.

32. (a): Means N asicbasic characterdecreases d

roup

We know that more the basic compound more is the [ basic

character]
Hence

33. (d):

diamagnetic
diamagnetic

paramagnetic diamagnetic
34. (b) : For dipole moment, we have to know the
Xe

Si

35. (a) : A binary compound is one made of two different elements. These
can be one of each element such as or . These can also be several
of each element such as or
Metals which have variable oxidation number can form more than one type
of binary compound like Fe shows the oxidation state and . Hence it
forms two types of binary compounds.
36. (b): Fluorine is more reactive than chlorine. So bond energy of chlorine is
greater than fluorine. Silicon exhibits 6 coordination number.
In aqueous state Mn(II) is more stable.

37. (b): Li, Be, ‐these elements belong to the same period. Generally
the value of 1st ionisation potential increases in moving fr om left to right in
a period, since the nuclear charge of the elements also increase in the same

direction. But the ionisation potential of boron is lower than that

of beryllium , since in case of boron, electron have to be

removed to get while in case of Be, electron have

to be removed to get . electron can be removed more easily than

electron so the energy required to remove electron will be less in case of
boron. The order will be

Li
38. (a): The energy required to remove the most loosely bound electron from
an isolated gaseous atom is called the ionisation energy.
The ionisation potential decreases as the size of the atom decreases. Atoms
with fully or partly filled orbitals have high ionisation potential.

39. (a): In the ‘Xe’ atom is hybridised, which contains two lone
pair orbitals and four bond pair orbitals. Therefore the shape of
molecule is square planar, with one lone pair orbital over and other below
the plane.

40. (c) : As among , As and Sb, the former has highest electronegativity
(EN) so its oxide is most acidic.
As the electronegativity value of element increases, the acidic character of
the oxide also increases.
41. (b):White phosphorus has low ignition temperature so it is most reactive
among all the allotropes.
42. (a) :

43. (a): Ammonium sulphate is a salt of strong acid and weak base

. Therefore, repeated use of ammonium sulphate would increase

the concentration of sulphuric acid, while ammonia from NHOH is used up by
the plant. Hence the acidity of soil will increase.

44. (c): Due to greater electronegativity of nitrogen, dipole moment for

is greater.

45. (c) : The formula of hypophosphorous acid is as shown in (c). It is

monobasic acid.
172
46. (a):

O—O S—S Se—Se Te—Te

(kJmol ) 226 172 126

47. (a) : All the hydrides of group V elements have one lone pair of electrons
on their central atom. Therefore, they can act as Lewis bases. The basic
character of these hydrides decreases down the group.
48. (a) : The acidic character of the oxides decreases with the decrease in
the oxidation state and also decreases down the group.
49. (d) : In general, the electron affinity decreases from top to bottom in a
group. But in group 17, fluorine has lower electron affinity as compared to
chlorine due to very small size of fluorine atom.

50. (b) : Since the valency of calcium is 2 and a chlorite ion is ,

therefore calcium chlorite is

51. (a) : (Sodium tetrathionate)

52. (a) : Ozone layer is very beneficial to us, because it stops harmful
ultraviolet radiations to reach the earth.
53. (c) : Atomic number of the given element is 15 and it belongs to
group. Therefore atomic number of the element below the above element

54. (a): is paramagnetic due to the presence of unpaired electrons.

55. (c): Since chlorine is more electronegative than bromine, therefore it will
displace bromine from an aqueous solution containing bromide ions.

56. (a) : Except nitrogen and bismuth, all elements of fifth group form
pentahalides especially pentafluorides. As mentioned earlier, nitrogen cannot
form pentahalides because it cannot expand its octet due to non‐availability
of ‐orbitals.

57. (b) : Outer electronic configuration of ’

Outer electronic configuration of , i.e., 4lone pair of

electrons.

58. (c): and are highly electronegative non metals and will have the
strongest tendency to form anions by gaining electrons from metal atoms.

59. (c): A stronger oxidising agent ( ) displaces a weaker oxidising agent

from its salt solution.

60. (a) : Caustic soda is manufactured by the electrolysis of solution

where is evolved at the anode and at the cathode.

At anode :

At cathode:
61. (a): Nitrogen molecule is diatomic containing a triple bond between two
atoms, Therefore, nitrogen molecule is formed by sharing six
electrons.

62. (b): Cane sugar From Oxalic acid

63. (d): molecule contains triple bond between atoms having very high

dissociation energy due to which it is relatively inactive. 64. (c):

is named as hypophosphorous acid. As it contains only one POH
group, its basicity is one.

65. (c) : Polarity of the bond depends upon the electronegativity difference
ofthe two atoms forming the bond. Greater the electronegativity difference,
more is the polarity of the bond.
N—CI O—F N—F N—N 3.043.16 3.54.0 3.044.0 3.043.04 66. (c): As halogens

have seven electrons in the valence shell, they have a strong

tendency to acquire the nearest inert gas configuration by gaining an
electron from the metallic atom and form halide ions easily
67. (c) : Fluorine because of its smaller size and highest electronegativity
shows strongest hydrogen bonding.

68. (c):

69. (b) : Bromide in the mother liquor (containing MgBr) is oxidised to by

passing which is a stronger oxidising agent.

70. (a) : Alkaline solution of pyrogallol absorbs oxygen quickly.

‐Block Elements (Group 15 to 18)

173

71. (c): Pyrosulphuric acid or oleum is which is obtained by

dissolving and is called fuming sulphuric acid.
72. (d) : Aqueous solution of ammonia is obtained by passing and
ions.

73. (d) :

74. (b) : Orthophosphoric acid, contains three POH groups and is

therefore, tribasic.

OH

75. (b):

76. (a): NaOH

77. (d):

78. (d) : Bleaching action of chlorine is due to oxidation in presence of

moisture. It is permanent.

Colouring matter colourless matter

79. (b) : In case of nitrogen, ‐orbitals are not available. Nitrogen belongs to
‐block elements.

80. (a): All the elements of group 15 form trihalides and pentahalides of the
type and except nitrogen which forms only trihalides. Moreover,
nitrogen does not form pentahalides due to the absence of ‐orbitals in its
valence shell.

81. (a) : Red phosphorus is insoluble in and only white is soluble in

82. (d) : On heating, it gives pyrophosphoric acid at 525 and

metaphosphoric acid at 875 K.

Pyrophosphoric
Metaphosphoric
acid
acid

83. (b) : Due to the absence of ‐bonding, has the lowest b.p. The
boiling point of the V group hydrides is:

84. (b): Chlorine does not react directly with oxygen.

85. (b): Alkaline pyrogallol absorbs and oil of cinnamon absorbs

86. (c): Air is liquefied by making use of the Joule ‐Thompson eff ect (cooling
by expansion of the gas). Water vapour and are removed by
solidification. The remaining constituents of liquid air , liquid oxygen and
liquid nitrogen are separated by means of fr actional distillation (b.p. of
: b.p. of .

87. (a):

The liberated gives the disinfectant nature to bleaching powder.

(Kill germs)
88. (c) : When 2‐molecules of nitric acid undergoes heating, loose a water
molecule to form an anhydride.
Thus, is nitric acid anhydride.

89. (d): gas reacts with dry slaked lime, to give bleaching
powder.