paper 1 [277 marks]

1. [Maximum mark: 5] SPM.1.SL.TZ0.5

The functions f and g are defined such that f (x) =
x+3

4
and g (x) = 8x + 5.

(a) Show that (g ∘ f ) (x) = 2x + 11. [2]

Markscheme

attempt to form composition M1

correct substitution g ( x+3

4
) = 8(
x+3

4
) + 5 A1

(g ∘ f ) (x) = 2x + 11 AG

[2 marks]

(b) Given that (g ∘ f )

−1
(a) = 4, find the value of a. [3]

Markscheme

attempt to substitute 4 (seen anywhere) (M1)

correct equation a = 2 × 4 + 11 (A1)

a= 19 A1
 [3 marks]

2. [Maximum mark: 8] SPM.1.SL.TZ0.6

(a) Show that log 9 (cos 2x + 2) = log 3 √cos 2x + 2. [3]

Markscheme

attempting to use the change of base rule M1

log (cos 2x+2)

log 9 (cos 2x + 2) =
3

log 3 9
A1

1
=
2
log 3 (cos 2x + 2) A1

= log 3 √cos 2x + 2 AG

[3 marks]
(b) Hence or otherwise solve log 3 (2 sin x) = log 9 (cos 2x + 2) for 0 < x <
π

2
. [5]

Markscheme

log 3 (2 sin x) = log 3 √cos 2x + 2

2 sin x = √cos 2x + 2 M1

x = cos 2x + 2 (or equivalent) A1

2
4 sin

use of cos 2x = 1 − 2 sin

2
x (M1)

2
6 sin x = 3

1
sin x = (±) A1
√2

x =
π

4
A1

Note: Award A0 if solutions other than x =

π

4
are included.

[5 marks]
3. [Maximum mark: 5] EXN.1.SL.TZ0.2
Solve the equation 2 ln x = ln 9 + 4. Give your answer in the form x = pe
q
where p, q ∈ Z
+
. [5]

Markscheme
* This sample question was produced by experienced DP mathematics senior examiners to aid teachers in preparing for
external assessment in the new MAA course. There may be minor differences in formatting compared to formal exam papers.

METHOD 1

2 ln x − ln 9 = 4

uses m ln x = ln x
m
(M1)

2
ln x − ln 9 = 4

uses ln a − ln b = ln
a

b
(M1)
2
x
ln = 4
9

A1
x 4
= e
9

x
2
= 9e
4
⇒ x = √ 9e
4
(x > 0) A1

x = 3e
2
(p = 3, q = 2) A1

METHOD 2

expresses 4 as 4 ln e and uses ln x

m
= m ln x (M1)

2 ln x = 2 ln 3 + 4 ln e (ln x = ln 3 + 2 ln e) A1

uses 2 ln e = ln e
2
and ln a + ln b = ln ab (M1)

ln x = ln (3e )
2
A1

x = 3e
2
(p = 3, q = 2) A1

METHOD 3

expresses 4 as 4 ln e and uses m ln x = ln x

m
(M1)

A1
2 2 4
ln x = ln 3 + ln e

uses ln a + ln b = ln ab (M1)

2 2 4
ln x = ln (3 e )

x
2
= 3
2
e
4
⇒ x = √3 2 e 4 (x > 0) A1

so x = 3e
2
(x > 0) (p = 3, q = 2) A1

[5 marks]
4. [Maximum mark: 6] EXN.1.SL.TZ0.3
The following table shows the probability distribution of a discrete random variable X where x = 1, 2, 3, 4.

Find the value of k, justifying your answer. [6]

Markscheme

* This sample question was produced by experienced DP mathematics senior examiners to aid teachers in preparing for
external assessment in the new MAA course. There may be minor differences in formatting compared to formal exam papers.

uses ∑ P(X = x)(= 1) (M1)

2 2
k + (7k + 2) + (−2k) + (3k )(= 1)

4k
2
+ 5k + 1(= 0) A1
EITHER

attempts to factorize their quadratic M1

(k + 1)(4k + 1) = 0

OR

attempts use of the quadratic formula on their equation M1

2
−5±√5 −4(4)(1) −5±3
k = (= )
8 8

THEN

1
k = −1, −
4
A1

rejects k = −1 as this value leads to invalid probabilities, for example, P(X = 2) = −5 < 0 R1

1
so k = −
4
A1

1
Note: Award R0A1 if k = −
4
is stated without a valid reason given for rejecting k = −1.

[6 marks]
5. [Maximum mark: 6] EXN.1.SL.TZ0.5
The functions f and g are defined for x ∈ R by f (x) = x − 2 and g(x) = ax + b, where a, b ∈ R.

Given that (f ∘ g)(2) = −3 and (g ∘ f )(1) = 5, find the value of a and the value of b. [6]

Markscheme

* This sample question was produced by experienced DP mathematics senior examiners to aid teachers in preparing for
external assessment in the new MAA course. There may be minor differences in formatting compared to formal exam papers.

(f ∘ g)(x) = ax + b − 2 (M1)

(f ∘ g)(2) = −3 ⇒ 2a + b − 2 = −3 (2a + b = −1) A1

(g ∘ f )(x) = a(x − 2) + b (M1)

(g ∘ f )(1) = 5 ⇒ −a + b = 5 A1

a valid attempt to solve their two linear equations for a and b M1

so a = −2 and b = 3 A1
 [6 marks]

6. [Maximum mark: 14] EXN.1.SL.TZ0.8

The following diagram shows the graph of y = −1 − √x + 3 for x ≥ −3.

(a) Describe a sequence of transformations that transforms the graph of y = √x for x ≥ 0 to the graph of
y = −1 − √x + 3 for x ≥ −3.
 [3]

Markscheme

* This sample question was produced by experienced DP mathematics senior examiners to aid teachers in preparing for
external assessment in the new MAA course. There may be minor differences in formatting compared to formal exam papers.

for example,

a reflection in the x-axis (in the line y = 0) A1

a horizontal translation (shift) 3 units to the left A1

a vertical translation (shift) down by 1 unit A1

Note: Award A1 for each correct transformation applied in a correct position in the sequence. Do not accept use of the
“move” for a translation.

Note: Award A1A1A1 for a correct alternative sequence of transformations. For example,

a vertical translation (shift) down by 1 unit, followed by a horizontal translation (shift) 3 units to the left and then a reflection
in the line y = −1.

[3 marks]

A function f is defined by f (x) = −1 − √x + 3 for x ≥ −3.

(b) State the range of f . [1]

Markscheme

range is f (x) ≤ −1 A1
 Note: Correct alternative notations include ] − ∞, −1], (−∞, −1] or y ≤ −1.

[1 mark]

(c) Find an expression for f −1 (x), stating its domain. [5]

Markscheme

−1 − √y + 3 = x M1

Note: Award M1 for interchanging x and y (can be done at a later stage).

√y + 3 = −x − 1(= −(x + 1)) A1

2
y + 3 = (x + 1) A1

2
so f A1
−1 −1 2
(x) = (x + 1) − 3 (f (x) = x + 2x − 2)

domain is x ≤ −1 A1

Note: Correct alternative notations include ] − ∞, −1] or (−∞, −1].

[5 marks]
(d) Find the coordinates of the point(s) where the graphs of y = f (x) and y = f
−1
(x) intersect. [5]

Markscheme

the point of intersection lies on the line y = x

EITHER

2
(x + 1) − 3 = x M1

attempts to solve their quadratic equation M1

2
−1±√ 1 −4(1)(−2)
for example, (x + 2)(x − 1) = 0 or x =
−1±3
(x = )
2 2

OR

−1 − √x + 3 = x M1

2
2 2
(−1 − √x + 3) = x ⇒ 2√x + 3 + x + 4 = x
substitutes 2√x + 3 = −2(x + 1) to obtain −2(x + 1) + x + 4 = x
2

attempts to solve their quadratic equation M1

2
−1±√1 −4(1)(−2)
for example, (x + 2)(x − 1) = 0 or x =
−1±3
(x = )
2 2

THEN

x = −2, 1 A1

as x ≤ −1, the only solution is x = −2 R1

so the coordinates of the point of intersection are (−2, − 2) A1

Note: Award R0A1 if (−2, − 2) is stated without a valid reason given for rejecting (1, 1).

[5 marks]
7. [Maximum mark: 15] EXN.1.SL.TZ0.9
The following diagram shows a ball attached to the end of a spring, which is suspended from a ceiling.

The height, h metres, of the ball above the ground at time t seconds after being released can be modelled by the function
h(t) = 0. 4 cos(πt) + 1. 8 where t ≥ 0.

(a) Find the height of the ball above the ground when it is released. [2]

Markscheme

* This sample question was produced by experienced DP mathematics senior examiners to aid teachers in preparing for
external assessment in the new MAA course. There may be minor differences in formatting compared to formal exam papers.

attempts to find h(0) (M1)

h(0) = 0. 4 cos(0) + 1. 8(= 2. 2)

2. 2 (m) (above the ground) A1

[2 marks]

(b) Find the minimum height of the ball above the ground. [2]
 Markscheme

EITHER

uses the minimum value of cos(πt) which is −1 M1

0. 4(−1) + 1. 8 (m)

OR

the amplitude of motion is 0. 4 (m) and the mean position is 1. 8 (m) M1

OR

finds h′(t) = −0. 4π sin(πt), attempts to solve h′(t) = 0 for t and determines that the minimum height above the

ground occurs at t = 1, 3, … M1

0. 4(−1) + 1. 8 (m)

THEN

1. 4 (m) (above the ground) A1

[2 marks]

(c) Show that the ball takes 2 seconds to return to its initial height above the ground for the first time. [2]

Markscheme

EITHER

the ball is released from its maximum height and returns there a period later R1

2π
the period is π
(= 2) (s) A1
 OR

attempts to solve h(t) = 2. 2 for t M1

cos(πt) = 1

t = 0, 2, … A1

THEN

so it takes 2 seconds for the ball to return to its initial position for the first time AG

[2 marks]

(d) For the first 2 seconds of its motion, determine the amount of time that the ball is less than 1. 8 + 0. 2√2
metres above the ground. [5]

Markscheme

0. 4 cos(πt) + 1. 8 = 1. 8 + 0. 2√ 2 (M1)

0. 4 cos(πt) = 0. 2√ 2

√2
cos(πt) =
2
A1

π 7π
πt =
4
,
4
(A1)

Note: Accept extra correct positive solutions for πt.

t =
1

4
,
7

4
(0 ≤ t ≤ 2) A1

Note: Do not award A1 if solutions outside 0 ≤ t ≤ 2 are also stated.

7 1
the ball is less than 1. 8 + 0. 2√2 metres above the ground for 4
−
4
(s)

1. 5 (s) A1
 [5 marks]

(e) Find the rate of change of the ball’s height above the ground when t =
1
. Give your answer in the form
3

pπ√ q ms
−1
where p ∈ Q and q ∈ Z
+
. [4]

Markscheme

EITHER

attempts to find h′(t) (M1)

OR

recognizes that h′(t) is required (M1)

THEN

h′(t) = −0. 4π sin(πt) A1

 attempts to evaluate their h′( 13 ) (M1)

1 π
h′( ) = −0. 4π sin
3 3

= 0. 2π√3 (ms
−1
) A1

Note: Accept equivalent correct answer forms where p ∈ Q. For example, − π√3.
1

[4 marks]

8. [Maximum mark: 20] EXN.1.AHL.TZ0.12

(a) Use the binomial theorem to expand (cos θ + i sin θ)
4
. Give your answer in the form a + bi where a and b
are expressed in terms of sin θ and cos θ. [3]

Markscheme

* This sample question was produced by experienced DP mathematics senior examiners to aid teachers in preparing for
external assessment in the new MAA course. There may be minor differences in formatting compared to formal exam papers.

4
uses the binomial theorem on (cos θ + i sin θ) M1

4 3 2 2 2 3 3 4 4
= 4C 0 cos θ + 4C 1 cos θ(i sin θ) + 4C 2 cos θ(i sin θ) + 4C 3 cos θ(i sin θ) + 4C 4(i sin θ)

A1

= (cos
4
θ − 6 cos
2
θ sin
2
θ + sin
4
θ) + i(4 cos
3
θ sin θ − 4 cos θ sin
3
θ) A1
 [3 marks]

(b) Use de Moivre’s theorem and the result from part (a) to show that cot 4θ =
cot
4
θ−6 cot
2
θ+1
. [5]
3
4 cot θ−4 cot θ

Markscheme

(using de Moivre’s theorem with n = 4 gives) cos 4θ + i sin 4θ (A1)

equates both the real and imaginary parts of cos 4θ + i sin 4θ and

(cos
4
θ − 6 cos
2
θ sin
2
θ + sin
4
θ) + i(4 cos
3
θ sin θ − 4 cos θ sin
3
θ) M1

cos 4θ = cos
4
θ − 6 cos
2
θ sin
2
θ + sin
4
θ and sin 4θ = 4 cos
3
θ sin θ − 4 cos θ sin
3
θ

recognizes that cot

cos 4θ
4θ =
sin 4θ
(A1)

substitutes for sin 4θ and cos 4θ into

cos 4θ

sin 4θ
M1

4 2 2 4
cos θ −6 cos θ sin θ+sin θ
cot 4θ = 3 3
4 cos θ sin θ−4 cos θ sin θ

4
divides the numerator and denominator by sin θ to obtain
4 2 2 4
cos θ −6 cos θ sin θ+sin θ

A1
4
sin θ
cot 4θ = 3 3
4 cos θ sin θ−4 cos θ sin θ
4
sin θ

4 2
cot θ−6 cot θ+1
cot 4θ = 3
AG
4 cot θ−4 cot θ

[5 marks]
(c) Use the identity from part (b) to show that the quadratic equation x 2 − 6x + 1 = 0 has roots cot
2 π
and
8

2 3π
cot
8
. [5]

Markscheme

4 2
cot θ−6 cot θ+1
setting cot 4θ = 0 and putting x = cot
2
θ in the numerator of cot 4θ =
4 cot
3
θ−4 cot θ
gives x 2 − 6x + 1 = 0

M1

attempts to solve cot 4θ = 0 for θ M1

π 3π 1
4θ = , , … (4θ = (2n + 1)π, n = 0, 1, …) (A1)
2 2 2

π 3π
θ =
8
,
8
A1

π 3π
Note: Do not award the final A1 if solutions other than θ =
8
,
8
are listed.

π 3π
finding the roots of cot 4θ = 0 (θ =
8
,
8
) corresponds to finding the roots of x 2 − 6x + 1 = 0 where

x = cot
2
θ R1
 π 3π
so the equation x 2 − 6x + 1 = 0 as roots cot
2

8
and cot 2 8
AG

[5 marks]

(d) Hence find the exact value of cot 2

3π
. [4]
8

Markscheme

attempts to solve x 2 − 6x + 1 = 0 for x M1

x = 3 ± 2√ 2 A1

π 2 3π 2 3π
since cot 2 8
> cot
8
, cot
8
has the smaller value of the two roots R1

Note: Award R1 for an alternative convincing valid reason.

3π
so cot 2 8
= 3 -2 √ 2 A1
 [4 marks]

(e) Deduce a quadratic equation with integer coefficients, having roots cosec 2
π
and cosec 2
3π
. [3]
8 8

Markscheme

let y = cosec
2
θ

uses cot 2 θ = cosec

2
θ − 1 where x = cot
2
θ (M1)

2
x
2
− 6x + 1 = 0 ⇒ (y − 1) − 6(y − 1) + 1 = 0 M1

y
2
− 8y + 8 = 0 A1

[3 marks]
9. [Maximum mark: 5] 23N.1.SL.TZ1.2
Consider the functions f (x) = x + 2 and g(x) = x
2
− k
2
, where k is a real constant.

(a) Write down an expression for (g ∘ f ) (x). [2]

Markscheme

attempt to form (g ∘ f ) (x) (M1)

2
((g ∘ f )(x)) = (x + 2) − k
2
(= x
2
+ 4x + 4 − k )
2
A1

[2 marks]

(b) Given that (g ∘ f )(4) = 11 , find the possible values of k. [3]

Markscheme

substituting x = 4 into their (g ∘ f )(x) and setting their expression = 11 (M1)

2
= 11 OR 4
2 2 2
(4 + 2) − k + 4(4) + 4 − k = 11

= 25 OR −k (A1)
2 2
k = − 25

k = ±5 A1

[3 marks]
10. [Maximum mark: 6] 23N.1.SL.TZ1.6
n
The binomial expansion of (1 + kx) is given by 1 + 9x

2
+ 15k x
2 2
+ … + k
n
x
n
, where n ∈ Z
+
and k ∈ Q

Find the value of n and the value of k. [6]

Markscheme

attempt to apply binomial expansion (M1)

n 9
(1 + kx) = 1 +
n
C 1 kx +
n 2
C2 k x
2
+ … OR n
C1 k =
2
OR n
C 2 = 15

9
nk =
2
(A1)

(n−1)
= 15 OR (A1)
n!
n = 15
2 (n−2)!2!

− n − 30 = 0) OR n(n − 1) = 30
2
(n

valid attempt to solve (M1)

(n − 6)(n − 5) = 0 OR 6(6 − 1) = 30 OR finding correct value in Pascal’s triangle

⇒ n = 6 A1

⇒ k =
3

4
A1

Note: If candidate finds n = 6 with no working shown, award M1A0A0M1A1A0.

If candidate finds n = 6 and k =

3

4
with no working shown, award M1A0A0M1A1A1.

[6 marks]
11. [Maximum mark: 15] 23N.1.SL.TZ1.8
The functions f and g are defined by

f (x) = ln (2x − 7), where x >

7

g(x) = 2 ln x − ln d, where x > 0, d ∈ R .

+

(a) State the equation of the vertical asymptote to the graph of y = g(x). [1]

Markscheme

x = 0 A1

[1 mark]

The graphs of y = f (x) and y = g(x) intersect at two distinct points.

(b.i) Show that, at the points of intersection, x 2 − 2dx + 7d = 0. [4]

Markscheme

setting ln (2x − 7) = 2 ln x − ln d M1

attempt to use power rule (M1)

2 ln x = ln x
2
( seen anywhere )

attempt to use product/quotient rule for logs (M1)

2 2

OR ln = ln d OR ln (2x − 7)d = ln x
x x 2
ln (2x − 7) = ln
d 2x−7

2 2

= 2x − 7 OR = d OR (2x − 7) = x A1
x x 2

d 2x−7

x
2
− 2dx + 7d = 0 AG

[4 marks]

(b.ii) Hence, show that d 2 − 7d > 0. [3]

Markscheme

2
discriminant = (−2d) − 4 × 7d (A1)

recognizing discriminant > 0 (M1)

2
− 4 × 7d > 0 OR 4d A1
2
(2d) − 28d > 0

d
2
− 7d > 0 AG

[3 marks]

(b.iii) Find the range of possible values of d. [2]

 Markscheme

setting d(d − 7) > 0 OR d(d − 7) = 0 OR sketch graph OR sign test OR d 2 > 7d (M1)

d < 0 or d > 7, but d +

∈ R

d > 7 (or ] 7, ∞[) A1

[2 marks]

The following diagram shows parts of the graph y = f (x) and y = g(x).

The graphs intersect at x = p and x = q, where p < q.

(c) In the case where d = 10, find the value of q − p. Express your answer in the form a√b, where a, b ∈ Z
+
. [5]

Markscheme

x
2
− 20x + 70 (= 0) A1

attempting to solve their 3 term quadratic equation (M1)

2
20±√ (−20) −4×1×70
2
((x − 10) − 30 = 0) or ((x =) )
2

x = 10 − √30(= p) or x = 10 + √30(= q) (A1)

subtracting their values of x (M1)

distance = 2√ 30 (or √ 120) A1

(a = 2, b = 30) (or a = 1, b = 120)

[5 marks]

12. [Maximum mark: 5] 23N.1.SL.TZ2.2

Consider the functions f (x) = x − 3 and g(x) = x
2
+ k
2
, where k is a real constant.
(a) Write down an expression for (g ∘ f )(x). [2]

Markscheme

attempt to form (g ∘ f )(x) (M1)

2
((g ∘ f )(x)) = (x − 3) + k
2
(= x
2
− 6x + 9 + k )
2
A1

[2 marks]

(b) Given that (g ∘ f )(2) = 10, find the possible values of k. [3]

Markscheme

substituting x = 2 into their (g ∘ f )(x) and setting their expression = 10 (M1)

2
(2 − 3) + k
2
= 10 OR 2
2
− 6(2) + 9 + k
2
= 10

k
2
= 9 (A1)

k = ±3 A1

[3 marks]
13. [Maximum mark: 7] 23N.1.SL.TZ2.4
The sum of the first n terms of an arithmetic sequence is given by S n = pn
2
− qn, where p and q are positive constants.

It is given that S 4 = 40 and S 5 = 65.

(a) Find the value of p and the value of q. [5]

Markscheme

METHOD 1

attempt to form at least one equation, using either S 4 or S 5 (M1)

65 = 25p − 5q (13 = 5p − q) and 40 = 16p − 4q (10 = 4p − q) (A1)

valid attempt to solve simultaneous linear equations in p and q by substituting or eliminating one of the variables.
(M1)

p = 3, q = 2 A1A1

Note: If candidate does not explicitly state their values of p and q, but gives S n = 3n
2
− 2n, award final two marks as
A1A0.

METHOD 2

attempt to form at least one equation, using either S 4 or S 5 (M1)

65 =
5

2
(2u 1 + 4d) (26 = 2u 1 + 4d) and 40 = 2(2u 1 + 3d) (20 = 2u 1 + 3d) (A1)

valid attempt to solve simultaneous linear equations in u 1 and d by substituting or eliminating one of the variables.
(M1)

u 1 = 1, d = 6 A1

n 2
Sn = (2 + 6(n − 1)) = 3n − 2n
2

p = 3 and q = 2 A1

Note: If candidate does not explicitly state their values of p and q, do not award the final mark.

[5 marks]

(b) Find the value of u 5 . [2]

Markscheme

u5 = S5 − S4 OR substituting their values of u 1 and d into u 5 = u 1 + 4d

OR substituting their value of u 1 into 65 =

5

2
(u 1 + u 5 ) (M1)

5
(u 5 =)65 − 40 OR (u 5 =)1 + 4 × 6 OR 65 =
2
(1 + u 5 )

= 25 A1

[2 marks]
14. [Maximum mark: 6] 23N.1.SL.TZ2.6
n
The binomial expansion of (1 + kx) is given by 1 + 12x + 28k 2 x 2 +. . . +k n x n where n ∈ Z
+
and k ∈ Q.

Find the value of n and the value of k. [6]

Markscheme

attempt to apply binomial expansion (M1)

n
(1 + kx) = 1 +
n
C 1 kx +
n
C2 k x
2 2
+ … OR n
C 1 k = 12 OR n
C 2 = 28

nk = 12 (A1)

n(n−1) n!

2
= 28 OR (n−2)!2!
= 28 (A1)

n
2
− n − 56 = 0 OR n(n − 1) = 56

valid attempt to solve (M1)

(n − 8)(n + 7) = 0 OR 8(8 − 1) = 56 OR finding correct value in Pascal’s triangle

⇒ n = 8 A1

3
⇒ k =
2
A1

Note: If candidate finds n = 8 with no working shown, award M1A0A0M1A1A0.

If candidate finds n = 8 and k =

3

2
with no working shown, award M1A0A0M1A1A1.

[6 marks]
15. [Maximum mark: 15] 23N.1.SL.TZ2.8
The functions f and g are defined by

f (x) = ln (2x − 9), where x >

9

g(x) = 2 ln x − ln d, where x > 0, d ∈ R .

+

(a) State the equation of the vertical asymptote to the graph of y = g(x). [1]

Markscheme

x = 0 A1

[1 mark]

The graphs of y = f (x) and y = g(x) intersect at two distinct points.

(b.i) Show that, at the points of intersection, x 2 − 2dx + 9d = 0. [4]

Markscheme

setting ln(2x − 9) = 2 ln x − ln d M1

attempt to use power rule (M1)

2 ln x = ln x
2
( seen anywhere )

attempt to use product/quotient rule for logs (M1)

2 2

OR ln = ln d OR ln(2x − 9)d
x x 2
ln(2x − 9) = ln = ln x
d 2x−9

2 2

= 2x − 9 OR = d OR (2x − 9)d A1
x x 2
= x
d 2x−9

x
2
− 2dx + 9d = 0 AG

[4 marks]

(b.ii) Hence show that d 2 − 9d > 0. [3]

Markscheme

2
discriminant = (−2d) − 4 × 1 × 9d (A1)

recognizing discriminant > 0 (M1)

2 2
− 4 × 1 × 9d > 0 OR (2d) − 4 × 9d > 0 OR 4d A1
2
(−2d) − 36d > 0

d
2
− 9d > 0 AG

[3 marks]

(b.iii) Find the range of possible values of d. [2]

 Markscheme

setting d(d − 9) > 0 OR d(d − 9) = 0 OR sketch graph

OR sign test OR d 2 > 9d (M1)

d < 0 or d > 9, but d ∈ R

+

d > 9 (or ] 9, ∞[) A1

[2 marks]

The following diagram shows part of the graphs of y = f (x) and y = g(x).

The graphs intersect at x = p and x = q, where p < q.

(c) In the case where d = 10. find the value of q − p. Express your answer in the form of a√b, where, a, b ∈ Z
+

. [5]

Markscheme

x
2
− 20x + 90 (= 0) A1

attempting to solve their 3 term quadratic equation (M1)

2
20±√ (−20) −4×1×90
2
((x − 10) − 10 = 0) or ((x =) )
2

x = 10 − √10(= p) or x = 10 + √10(= q) (A1)

subtracting their values of x (M1)

distance = 2√ 10 A1

(a = 2, b = 10)

Note: Accept 1√40 OR √40.

[5 marks]

16. [Maximum mark: 5] 23N.1.AHL.TZ1.1

Consider the functions f (x) = x − 3 and g(x) = x
2
+ k
2
, where k is a real constant.

(a) Write down an expression for (g ∘ f )(x). [2]

Markscheme

attempt to form (g ∘ f )(x) (M1)

2
((g ∘ f )(x)) = (x − 3) + k
2
(= x
2
− 6x + 9 + k )
2
A1

[2 marks]

(b) Given that (g ∘ f )(2) = 10, find the possible values of k. [3]

Markscheme

substituting x = 2 into their (g ∘ f )(x) and setting their expression = 10 (M1)

2
(2 − 3) + k
2
= 10 OR 2
2
− 6(2) + 9 + k
2
= 10

k
2
= 9 (A1)

k = ±3 A1

[3 marks]
17. [Maximum mark: 7] 23N.1.AHL.TZ1.3
The sum of the first n terms of an arithmetic sequence is given by S n = pn
2
− qn, where p and q are positive constants.

It is given that S 4 = 40 and S 5 = 65.

(a) Find the value of p and the value of q. [5]

Markscheme

METHOD 1

attempt to form at least one equation, using either S 4 or S 5 (M1)

65 = 25p − 5q (13 = 5p − q) and 40 = 16p − 4q (10 = 4p − q) (A1)

valid attempt to solve simultaneous linear equations in p and q by substituting or eliminating one of the variables.
(M1)

p = 3, q = 2 A1A1

Note: If candidate does not explicitly state their values of p and q, but gives S n = 3n
2
− 2n, award final two marks as
A1A0.

METHOD 2

attempt to form at least one equation, using either S 4 or S 5 (M1)

65 =
5

2
(2u 1 + 4d) (26 = 2u 1 + 4d) and 40 = 2(2u 1 + 3d) (20 = 2u 1 + 3d) (A1)

valid attempt to solve simultaneous linear equations in u 1 and d by substituting or eliminating one of the variables.
(M1)

u 1 = 1, d = 6 A1

n 2
Sn = (2 + 6(n − 1)) = 3n − 2n
2

p = 3 and q = 2 A1

Note: If candidate does not explicitly state their values of p and q, do not award the final mark.

[5 marks]

(b) Find the value of u 5 . [2]

Markscheme

u5 = S5 − S4 OR substituting their values of u 1 and d into u 5 = u 1 + 4d

OR substituting their value of u 1 into 65 =

5

2
(u 1 + u 5 ) (M1)

5
(u 5 =)65 − 40 OR (u 5 =)1 + 4 × 6 OR 65 =
2
(1 + u 5 )

= 25 A1

[2 marks]
18. [Maximum mark: 6] 23N.1.AHL.TZ1.5
n
The binomial expansion of (1 + kx) is given by 1 + 12x + 28k 2 x 2 +. . . +k n x n where n ∈ Z
+
and k ∈ Q.

Find the value of n and the value of k. [6]

Markscheme

attempt to apply binomial expansion (M1)

n
(1 + kx) = 1 +
n
C 1 kx +
n
C2 k x
2 2
+ … OR n
C 1 k = 12 OR n
C 2 = 28

nk = 12 (A1)

n(n−1) n!

2
= 28 OR (n−2)!2!
= 28 (A1)

n
2
− n − 56 = 0 OR n(n − 1) = 56

valid attempt to solve (M1)

(n − 8)(n + 7) = 0 OR 8(8 − 1) = 56 OR finding correct value in Pascal’s triangle

⇒ n = 8 A1

3
⇒ k =
2
A1

Note: If candidate finds n = 8 with no working shown, award M1A0A0M1A1A0.

If candidate finds n = 8 and k =

3

2
with no working shown, award M1A0A0M1A1A1.

[6 marks]
19. [Maximum mark: 15] 23N.1.AHL.TZ1.10
The functions f and g are defined by

f (x) = ln (2x − 9), where x >

9

g(x) = 2 ln x − ln d, where x > 0, d ∈ R .

+

(a) State the equation of the vertical asymptote to the graph of y = g(x). [1]

Markscheme

x = 0 A1

[1 mark]

The graphs of y = f (x) and y = g(x) intersect at two distinct points.

(b.i) Show that, at the points of intersection, x 2 − 2dx + 9d = 0. [4]

Markscheme

setting ln(2x − 9) = 2 ln x − ln d M1

attempt to use power rule (M1)

2 ln x = ln x
2
( seen anywhere )

attempt to use product/quotient rule for logs (M1)

2 2

OR ln = ln d OR ln(2x − 9)d
x x 2
ln(2x − 9) = ln = ln x
d 2x−9

2 2

= 2x − 9 OR = d OR (2x − 9)d A1
x x 2
= x
d 2x−9

x
2
− 2dx + 9d = 0 AG

[4 marks]

(b.ii) Hence show that d 2 − 9d > 0. [3]

Markscheme

2
discriminant = (−2d) − 4 × 1 × 9d (A1)

recognizing discriminant > 0 (M1)

2 2
− 4 × 1 × 9d > 0 OR (2d) − 4 × 9d > 0 OR 4d A1
2
(−2d) − 36d > 0

d
2
− 9d > 0 AG

[3 marks]

(b.iii) Find the range of possible values of d. [2]

 Markscheme

setting d(d − 9) > 0 OR d(d − 9) = 0 OR sketch graph

OR sign test OR d 2 > 9d (M1)

d < 0 or d > 9, but d ∈ R

+

d > 9 (or ] 9, ∞[) A1

[2 marks]

The following diagram shows part of the graphs of y = f (x) and y = g(x).

The graphs intersect at x = p and x = q, where p < q.

(c) In the case where d = 10. find the value of q − p. Express your answer in the form of a√b, where, a, b ∈ Z
+

. [5]

Markscheme

x
2
− 20x + 90 (= 0) A1

attempting to solve their 3 term quadratic equation (M1)

2
20±√ (−20) −4×1×90
2
((x − 10) − 10 = 0) or ((x =) )
2

x = 10 − √10(= p) or x = 10 + √10(= q) (A1)

subtracting their values of x (M1)

distance = 2√ 10 A1

(a = 2, b = 10)

Note: Accept 1√40 OR √40.

[5 marks]

20. [Maximum mark: 17] 23N.1.AHL.TZ1.12

(a) Find the binomial expansion of (cos θ + i
5
sin θ) . Give your answer in the form a + bi where a and b are
expressed in terms of sin θ and cos θ. [4]

Markscheme

attempt to expand using binomial theorem: (M1)

Note: Award (M1) for seeing at least one term with a product of a binomial coefficient, power of i sin θ and a power of
cos θ.

5 5 5 4 5 2 3 2
(cos θ + i sin θ) = cos θ + C 1 i cos θ sin θ + C2 i cos θ sin θ

3 4 5
5
+ C3 i
3
cos
2
θ sin θ +
5
C4 i
4
cos θ sin θ + i
5
sin θ A1

5 3 2 4 4 2 3 5
= (cos θ − 10 cos θ sin θ + 5 cos θ sin θ) + i (5 cos θ sin θ − 10 cos θ sin θ + sin θ)

A1A1

Note: Award A1 for correct real part and A1 for correct imaginary part.

[4 marks]

(b) By using De Moivre’s theorem and your answer to part (a), show that
θ + 5 sin θ. [6]
5 3
sin 5 θ ≡ 16 sin θ − 20 sin

Markscheme

5
(cos θ + i sin θ) = cos 5θ + i sin 5θ (A1)

equate imaginary parts: (M1)

sin 5θ = 5 cos
4
θ sin θ − 10 cos
2
θ sin
3
θ + sin
5
θ A1

2
substitute cos 2 θ = 1 − sin θ (M1)

2
sin 5θ = 5(1 − sin
2
θ) sin θ − 10 sin
3
θ(1 − sin
2
θ) + sin
5
θ A1

sin 5θ = 5(1 − 2 sin

2
θ + sin
4
θ) sin θ − 10 sin
3
θ(1 − sin
2
θ) + sin
5
θ A1

= 16 sin
5
θ − 20 sin
3
θ + 5 sin θ AG

Note: Some of this working may be seen in part (a). Allow for awarding marks in part (b).

[6 marks]

(c.i) Hence, show that θ =

π
and θ =
3π
are solutions of the equation 16 sin
4
θ − 20 sin
2
θ + 5 = 0. [3]
5 5

Markscheme

5 3
factorising 16 sin θ − 20 sin θ + 5 sin θ M1

4 2
(sin 5θ =) sin θ(16 sin θ − 20 sin θ + 5)

EITHER

π 3π
sin 5( ) = 0 and sin 5( ) = 0 R1
5 5
 Note: The R1 is independent of the M1.

OR

solving sin 5θ = 0

kπ
θ =
5
where k ∈ Z R1

Note: The R1 is independent of the M1.

THEN

therefore either sin θ = 0 OR 16 sin

4
θ − 20 sin
2
θ + 5 = 0

π 3π
sin ≠ 0 and sin ≠ 0 (or only solution to sin θ = 0 is θ = 0 R1
5 5

π 3π 4 2
therefore 5
,
5
are solutions of 16 sin θ − 20 sin θ + 5 = 0 AG

Note: The final R1 is dependent on both previous marks.

[3 marks]

(c.ii) π 3π
Hence. show that sin
5
sin = √ [4]
5 5 4

Markscheme

METHOD 1

attempt to use quadratic formula: (M1)

20±√ 80
sin
2
θ =
32
A1

5±√5
=
8

5±√5
sin θ = √
8

π 3π 5+√5 5−√5
⇒ sin
5
sin
5
= √
8
√
8
M1

= √
20

64
A1

5
= √
4
AG

METHOD 2

π 2π 3π 4π
roots of quartic are sin 5
, sin
5
, sin
5
, sin
5
A1

attempt to set product of roots equal to ± 16

5
M1

π 2π 3π
sin
5
sin
5
sin
5
sin
4

5
=
16
5
A1

π 4π 2π 3π
recognition that sin 5
= sin
5
and sin 5
= sin
5

π 3π
sin
2

5
sin
2

5
=
5

16
A1
 π 3π √5
sin
5
sin
5
=
4
AG

METHOD 3

4 2 2
Consider 16 sin θ − 20 sin θ + 5 = 0 as a quadratic in sin θ M1

π 3π π 3π
are roots), so sin and sin 2 are roots of the quadratic. A1
2
(θ = ,
5 5 5 5

Consider product of roots: M1

π 3π
⇒ sin
2

5
sin
2

5
=
5

16
A1

π 3π √5
sin
5
sin
5
=
4
AG

[4 marks]

21. [Maximum mark: 5] 23N.1.AHL.TZ2.1

Consider the functions f (x) = x − 3 and g(x) = x
2
+ k
2
, where k is a real constant.

(a) Write down an expression for (g ∘ f )(x). [2]

Markscheme

attempt to form (g ∘ f )(x) (M1)

2
((g ∘ f )(x)) = (x − 3) + k
2
(= x
2
− 6x + 9 + k )
2
A1

[2 marks]

(b) Given that (g ∘ f )(2) = 10, find the possible values of k. [3]

Markscheme

substituting x = 2 into their (g ∘ f )(x) and setting their expression = 10 (M1)

2
(2 − 3) + k
2
= 10 OR 2
2
− 6(2) + 9 + k
2
= 10

k
2
= 9 (A1)

k = ±3 A1

[3 marks]
22. [Maximum mark: 7] 23N.1.AHL.TZ2.3
The sum of the first n terms of an arithmetic sequence is given by S n = pn
2
− qn, where p and q are positive constants.

It is given that S 4 = 40 and S 5 = 65.

(a) Find the value of p and the value of q. [5]

Markscheme

METHOD 1

attempt to form at least one equation, using either S 4 or S 5 (M1)

65 = 25p − 5q (13 = 5p − q) and 40 = 16p − 4q (10 = 4p − q) (A1)

valid attempt to solve simultaneous linear equations in p and q by substituting or eliminating one of the variables.
(M1)

p = 3, q = 2 A1A1

Note: If candidate does not explicitly state their values of p and q, but gives S n = 3n
2
− 2n, award final two marks as
A1A0.

METHOD 2

attempt to form at least one equation, using either S 4 or S 5 (M1)

65 =
5

2
(2u 1 + 4d) (26 = 2u 1 + 4d) and 40 = 2(2u 1 + 3d) (20 = 2u 1 + 3d) (A1)

valid attempt to solve simultaneous linear equations in u 1 and d by substituting or eliminating one of the variables.
(M1)

u 1 = 1, d = 6 A1

n 2
Sn = (2 + 6(n − 1)) = 3n − 2n
2

p = 3 and q = 2 A1

Note: If candidate does not explicitly state their values of p and q, do not award the final mark.

[5 marks]

(b) Find the value of u 5 . [2]

Markscheme

u5 = S5 − S4 OR substituting their values of u 1 and d into u 5 = u 1 + 4d

OR substituting their value of u 1 into 65 =

5

2
(u 1 + u 5 ) (M1)

5
(u 5 =)65 − 40 OR (u 5 =)1 + 4 × 6 OR 65 =
2
(1 + u 5 )

= 25 A1

[2 marks]
23. [Maximum mark: 6] 23N.1.AHL.TZ2.5
n
The binomial expansion of (1 + kx) is given by 1 + 12x + 28k 2 x 2 +. . . +k n x n where n ∈ Z
+
and k ∈ Q.

Find the value of n and the value of k. [6]

Markscheme

attempt to apply binomial expansion (M1)

n
(1 + kx) = 1 +
n
C 1 kx +
n
C2 k x
2 2
+ … OR n
C 1 k = 12 OR n
C 2 = 28

nk = 12 (A1)

n(n−1) n!

2
= 28 OR (n−2)!2!
= 28 (A1)

n
2
− n − 56 = 0 OR n(n − 1) = 56

valid attempt to solve (M1)

(n − 8)(n + 7) = 0 OR 8(8 − 1) = 56 OR finding correct value in Pascal’s triangle

⇒ n = 8 A1

3
⇒ k =
2
A1

Note: If candidate finds n = 8 with no working shown, award M1A0A0M1A1A0.

If candidate finds n = 8 and k =

3

2
with no working shown, award M1A0A0M1A1A1.

[6 marks]
24. [Maximum mark: 15] 23N.1.AHL.TZ2.10
The functions f and g are defined by

f (x) = ln (2x − 9), where x >

9

g(x) = 2 ln x − ln d, where x > 0, d ∈ R .

+

(a) State the equation of the vertical asymptote to the graph of y = g(x). [1]

Markscheme

x = 0 A1

[1 mark]

The graphs of y = f (x) and y = g(x) intersect at two distinct points.

(b.i) Show that, at the points of intersection, x 2 − 2dx + 9d = 0. [4]

Markscheme

setting ln(2x − 9) = 2 ln x − ln d M1

attempt to use power rule (M1)

2 ln x = ln x
2
( seen anywhere )

attempt to use product/quotient rule for logs (M1)

2 2

OR ln = ln d OR ln(2x − 9)d
x x 2
ln(2x − 9) = ln = ln x
d 2x−9

2 2

= 2x − 9 OR = d OR (2x − 9)d A1
x x 2
= x
d 2x−9

x
2
− 2dx + 9d = 0 AG

[4 marks]

(b.ii) Hence show that d 2 − 9d > 0. [3]

Markscheme

2
discriminant = (−2d) − 4 × 1 × 9d (A1)

recognizing discriminant > 0 (M1)

2 2
− 4 × 1 × 9d > 0 OR (2d) − 4 × 9d > 0 OR 4d A1
2
(−2d) − 36d > 0

d
2
− 9d > 0 AG

[3 marks]

(b.iii) Find the range of possible values of d. [2]

 Markscheme

setting d(d − 9) > 0 OR d(d − 9) = 0 OR sketch graph

OR sign test OR d 2 > 9d (M1)

d < 0 or d > 9, but d ∈ R

+

d > 9 (or ] 9, ∞[) A1

[2 marks]

The following diagram shows part of the graphs of y = f (x) and y = g(x).

The graphs intersect at x = p and x = q, where p < q.

(c) In the case where d = 10. find the value of q − p. Express your answer in the form of a√b, where, a, b ∈ Z
+

. [5]

Markscheme

x
2
− 20x + 90 (= 0) A1

attempting to solve their 3 term quadratic equation (M1)

2
20±√ (−20) −4×1×90
2
((x − 10) − 10 = 0) or ((x =) )
2

x = 10 − √10(= p) or x = 10 + √10(= q) (A1)

subtracting their values of x (M1)

distance = 2√ 10 A1

(a = 2, b = 10)

Note: Accept 1√40 OR √40.

[5 marks]

25. [Maximum mark: 17] 23N.1.AHL.TZ2.12

(a) Find the binomial expansion of (cos θ + i
5
sin θ) . Give your answer in the form a + bi where a and b are
expressed in terms of sin θ and cos θ. [4]

Markscheme

attempt to expand using binomial theorem: (M1)

Note: Award (M1) for seeing at least one term with a product of a binomial coefficient, power of i sin θ and a power of
cos θ.

5 5 5 4 5 2 3 2
(cos θ + i sin θ) = cos θ + C 1 i cos θ sin θ + C2 i cos θ sin θ

3 4 5
5
+ C3 i
3
cos
2
θ sin θ +
5
C4 i
4
cos θ sin θ + i
5
sin θ A1

5 3 2 4 4 2 3 5
= (cos θ − 10 cos θ sin θ + 5 cos θ sin θ) + i (5 cos θ sin θ − 10 cos θ sin θ + sin θ)

A1A1

Note: Award A1 for correct real part and A1 for correct imaginary part.

[4 marks]

(b) By using De Moivre’s theorem and your answer to part (a), show that
θ + 5 sin θ. [6]
5 3
sin 5 θ ≡ 16 sin θ − 20 sin

Markscheme

5
(cos θ + i sin θ) = cos 5θ + i sin 5θ (A1)

equate imaginary parts: (M1)

sin 5θ = 5 cos
4
θ sin θ − 10 cos
2
θ sin
3
θ + sin
5
θ A1

2
substitute cos 2 θ = 1 − sin θ (M1)

2
sin 5θ = 5(1 − sin
2
θ) sin θ − 10 sin
3
θ(1 − sin
2
θ) + sin
5
θ A1

sin 5θ = 5(1 − 2 sin

2
θ + sin
4
θ) sin θ − 10 sin
3
θ(1 − sin
2
θ) + sin
5
θ A1

= 16 sin
5
θ − 20 sin
3
θ + 5 sin θ AG

Note: Some of this working may be seen in part (a). Allow for awarding marks in part (b).

[6 marks]

(c.i) Hence, show that θ =

π
and θ =
3π
are solutions of the equation 16 sin
4
θ − 20 sin
2
θ + 5 = 0. [3]
5 5

Markscheme

5 3
factorising 16 sin θ − 20 sin θ + 5 sin θ M1

4 2
(sin 5 θ =) sin θ(16 sin θ − 20 sin θ + 5)

EITHER

π 3π
sin 5( ) = 0 and sin 5( ) = 0 R1
5 5
 Note: The R1 is independent of the M1.

OR

solving sin 5θ = 0

kπ
θ =
5
where k ∈ Z R1

Note: The R1 is independent of the M1.

THEN

therefore either sin θ = 0 OR 16 sin

4
θ − 20 sin
2
θ + 5 = 0

π 3π
sin ≠ 0 and sin ≠ 0 (or only solution to sin θ = 0 is θ = 0) R1
5 5

π 3π 4 2
therefore 5
,
5
are solutions of 16 sin θ − 20 sin θ + 5 = 0 AG

Note: The final R1 is dependent on both previous marks.

[3 marks]

(c.ii) π 3π
Hence. show that sin
5
sin = √ [4]
5 5 4

Markscheme

METHOD 1

attempt to use quadratic formula: (M1)

20±√ 80
sin
2
θ =
32
A1

5±√5
=
8

5±√5
sin θ = √
8

π 3π 5+√5 5−√5
⇒ sin
5
sin
5
= √
8
√
8
M1

= √
20

64
A1

5
= √
4
AG

METHOD 2

π 2π 3π 4π
roots of quartic are sin 5
, sin
5
, sin
5
, sin
5
A1

attempt to set product of roots equal to ± 16

5
M1

π 2π 3π
sin
5
sin
5
sin
5
sin
4

5
=
16
5
A1

π 4π 2π 3π
recognition that sin 5
= sin
5
and sin 5
= sin
5

π 3π
sin
2

5
sin
2

5
=
5

16
A1
 π 3π √5
sin
5
sin
5
=
4
AG

METHOD 3

4 2 2
Consider 16 sin θ − 20 sin θ + 5 = 0 as a quadratic in sin θ M1

π 3π π 3π
are roots), so sin and sin 2 are roots of the quadratic. A1
2
(θ = ,
5 5 5 5

Consider product of roots: M1

π 3π
⇒ sin
2

5
sin
2

5
=
5

16
A1

π 3π √5
sin
5
sin
5
=
4
AG

[4 marks]

26. [Maximum mark: 6] 23M.1.SL.TZ1.5

Find the range of possible values of k such that e 2x + ln k = 3e
x
has at least one real solution. [6]

Markscheme

recognition of quadratic in e x (M1)

2
+ ln k(= 0) OR A
x x 2
(e ) − 3e − 3A + ln k(= 0)

recognizing discriminant ≥ 0 (seen anywhere) (M1)

2
(−3) − 4(1)(ln k) OR 9 − 4 ln k (A1)

9
ln k ≤
4
(A1)

(seen anywhere) A1
9/4
e

0 < k ≤ e
9/4
A1

[6 marks]
27. [Maximum mark: 7] 23M.1.SL.TZ1.2
The function f is defined by f (x) for x ∈ R, x ≠ 2.
7x+7
=
2x−4

(a) Find the zero of f (x). [2]

Markscheme

recognizing f (x) = 0 (M1)

x = −1 A1

[2 marks]
(b) For the graph of y = f (x), write down the equation of

(b.i) the vertical asymptote; [1]

Markscheme

x = 2 (must be an equation with x) A1

[1 mark]

(b.ii) the horizontal asymptote. [1]

Markscheme

7
y =
2
(must be an equation with y) A1

[1 mark]

(c) Find f −1 (x), the inverse function of f (x). [3]

Markscheme

EITHER
 interchanging x and y (M1)

2xy − 4x = 7y + 7

correct working with y terms on the same side: 2xy − 7y = 4x + 7 (A1)

OR

2yx − 4y = 7x + 7

correct working with x terms on the same side: 2yx − 7x = 4y + 7 (A1)

4y+7
interchanging x and y OR making x the subject x =
2y−7
(M1)

THEN

4x+7 7
(or equivalent) A1
−1
f (x) = (x ≠ )
2x−7 2

[3 marks]

28. [Maximum mark: 6] 23M.1.SL.TZ1.6

The function f is defined by f (x) = sin qx, where q > 0. The following diagram shows part of the graph of f for
0 ≤ x ≤ 4m, where x is in radians. There are x-intercepts at x = 0, 2m and 4m.
(a) Find an expression for m in terms of q. [2]

Markscheme

recognition that period is 4m OR substitution of a point on f (except the origin) (M1)

4m =
2π

q
OR 1 = sin qm

m =
2q
π
A1

[2 marks]

2qx
The function g is defined by g(x) = 3 sin
3
, for 0 ≤ x ≤ 6m.

(b) On the axes above, sketch the graph of g. [4]

Markscheme

horizontal scale factor is 3

2
(seen anywhere) (A1)

Note: This (A1) may be earned by seeing a period of 6m, half period of 3m or the correct x-coordinate of the
maximum/minimum point.
 A1A1A1

Note:
Curve must be an approximate sinusoidal shape (sine or cosine).
Only in this case, award the following:
A1 for correct amplitude.
A1 for correct domain.
A1 for correct max and min points and correct x-intercepts.

[4 marks]

29. [Maximum mark: 14] 23M.1.SL.TZ1.8

Consider the arithmetic sequence u 1 , u 2 , u 3 , … .

The sum of the first n terms of this sequence is given by S n = n

2
+ 4n.

(a.i) Find the sum of the first five terms. [2]

Markscheme

recognition that n = 5 (M1)

S 5 = 45 A1

[2 marks]
(a.ii) Given that S 6 = 60, find u 6 . [2]

Markscheme

METHOD 1

recognition that S 5 + u6 = S6 (M1)

u 6 = 15 A1

METHOD 2

6
recognition that 60 =
2
(S 1 + u 6 ) (M1)

60 = 3(5 + u 6 )

u 6 = 15 A1

METHOD 3

substituting their u 1 and d values into u 1 + (n − 1)d (M1)

u 6 = 15 A1

[2 marks]
(b) Find u 1 . [2]

Markscheme

recognition that u 1 = S1 (may be seen in (a)) OR substituting their u 6 into S 6 (M1)

OR equations for S 5 and S 6 in terms of u 1 and d

6
1 + 4 OR 60 =
2
(U 1 + 15)

u1 = 5 A1

[2 marks]

(c) Hence or otherwise, write an expression for u n in terms of n. [3]

Markscheme

EITHER

valid attempt to find d (may be seen in (a) or (b)) (M1)

d = 2 (A1)

OR

valid attempt to find S n − S n−1 (M1)

 n
2
+ 4n − (n
2
− 2n + 1 + 4n − 4) (A1)

OR

equating n 2 + 4n =
n

2
(5 + u n ) (M1)

2n + 8 = 5 + u n (or equivalent) (A1)

THEN

u n = 5 + 2(n − 1) OR u n = 2n + 3 A1

[3 marks]

Consider a geometric sequence, v n , where v 2 = u1 and v 4 = u6 .

(d) Find the possible values of the common ratio, r. [3]

Markscheme

2
recognition that v 2 r 2 = v4 OR (v 3 ) = v2 × v4 (M1)

r
2
= 3 OR v 3 = (±)5√3 (A1)

r = ±√ 3 A1

Note: If no working shown, award M1A1A0 for √3.

[3 marks]
 (e) Given that v 99 < 0, find v 5 . [2]

Markscheme

recognition that r is negative (M1)

45
v 5 = −15√ 3 (= − ) A1
√3

[2 marks]

30. [Maximum mark: 6] 23M.1.SL.TZ2.5

The following diagram shows part of the graph of y =
x
2
x +2
for x ≥ 0.
 [6]

The shaded region R is bounded by the curve, the x-axis and the line x = c.

The area of R is ln 3.

Find the value of c.

Markscheme

c
x
A = ∫ 2
dx
x +2
0

EITHER

attempts to integrate by inspection or substitution using u = x

2
+ 2 or u = x
2
(M1)

Note: If candidate simply states u = x

2
+ 2 or u = x
2
, but does not attempt to integrate, do not award the (M1).

Note: If candidate does not explicitly state the u-substitution, award the (M1) only for expressions of the form k ln u or

k ln(u + 2).

2 2
1 c +2 1 c 1 c
OR OR A1
2
[ ln u] [ ln (u + 2)] [ ln (x + 2)]
2 2 2 0 2 0

Note: Limits may be seen in the substitution step.

OR

attempts to integrate by inspection (M1)

Note: Award the (M1) only for expressions of the form k ln (x

2
+ 2).

c
1
[
2
ln (x
2
+ 2)]
0
A1

Note: Limits may be seen in the substitution step.

THEN

correctly substitutes their limits into their integrated expression (M1)

2
(ln (c
2
+ 2) − ln 2) (= ln 3) OR 1

2
ln (c
2
+ 2) −
1

2
ln 2 (= ln 3)

correctly applies at least one log law to their expression (M1)

2 2
1 c +2 c +2

2
ln(
2
) (= ln 3) OR 2
ln √ c + 2 − ln √ 2 (= ln 3) OR ln(
2
) = ln 9

2 2
c +2 c +2
OR ln (c
2
+ 2) − ln 2 − ln 9 OR ln √
2
(= ln 3) OR ln √ (= ln 3)
√2

Note: Condone the absence of ln 3 up to this stage.

2 2

OR A1
c +2 c +2
= 9 √ = 3
2 2

2
c = 16

c = 4 A1

Note: Award A0 for c = ±4 as a final answer.

[6 marks]
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