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    Sytems Digestion With Notes

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    llejoy703

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Sytems Digestion With Notes

    Uploaded by

    llejoy703
    4 views7 pages

    Original Title

    Sytems Digestion with notes

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    © © All Rights Reserved

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    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    4 views7 pages

    Sytems Digestion With Notes

    Uploaded by

    llejoy703

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 7

    The Digestive System

    How it works https://youtu.be/X3TAROotFfM


    New words:

    • alimentary canal
    • carbohydrates
    • fats
    • glucose
    • minerals
    • protein
    • vitamins

    Our cells need protein, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins and minerals to function. Yet
    we eat large pieces of food that are too big to pass through the selectively permeable
    cell membranes. So how does the food we eat eventually get to our cells in a small
    enough form to be absorbed?

    Purpose of the digestive system

    New words:

    • absorption
    • digestion
    • dissolve
    • nutrients
    • transport

    Our digestive system is responsible for breaking down the food that we eat into small
    particles that can be absorbed into the bloodstream. They are then transported to the
    cells throughout our body.

    Our digestive system is sometimes also referred to as the gastrointestinal tract, the
    digestive tract or alimentary canal.

    Main processes in the digestive system

    New words:

    • egestion
    • ingestion
    • metabolic

    There are four main processes that occur in the digestive system at different parts along
    the alimentary canal. They are:
    • Ingestion: This occurs when you take food into your body through your mouth by
    eating or drinking it.

    • Digestion: This is the process of breaking down large food pieces into particles
    that are small enough to be absorbed and pass through cell membranes.
    • Absorption: This is when the digested particles move into the cells of the
    digestive tract (they are absorbed) and move to the bloodstream from where they
    are carried to all the cells in the body.
    • Egestion: Any undigested or unwanted particles that travel through the digestive
    tract are later passed out as faeces. This process is known as egestion.

    There is a difference between egestion and excretion.

    Egestion is when undigested particles are passed out as faeces.

    Excretion is when the body gets rid of metabolic waste formed from chemical reactions
    taking place in the body.

    Components of the digestive system

    • anus
    • chemical digestion
    • faeces
    • fibre
    • saliva from salivary glands
    • small intestine
    • large intestine
    • stomach
    • supporting organs-liver, pancreas

    A brief explanation of what happens at each stage:

    The mouth and oesophagus

    Digestion starts in the mouth as food is chewed and mixed with saliva. It then travels
    down the oesophagus when you swallow.

    2. Stomach

    The chewed food enters the stomach and is further digested. The stomach has
    substances called enzymes to help digest the food. The stomach also contracts to
    break the food down further into a liquid.
    3. Small intestine

    Most of the digestion takes place in the small intestine. Absorption of the food
    particles also takes place in the small intestine.

    4. Large intestine (or colon)

    By the time the food reaches the large intestine, most of the nutrients have been
    absorbed. What is left is water, salts and indigestible fibre. The water that is left is
    absorbed in the large intestine.

    Bacteria that live in the large intestine produce Vitamin K and some Vitamin B.

    5. Rectum and Anus

    The remaining substances (called faeces) are passed into the rectum and then out
    through the anus. This is called egestion.

    Breaking down food substances


    Absorption of nutrients into the blood supply

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