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NERVOUS SYSTEM

MEMBERS:García Guevara Magaly; Huamaní Del Río Sayumy, Luján

Samanez Zintia.
COURSE: English for health
ISSUE: Nervous System
TEACHER: Karolina Peralta
SEMESTER: IV
INSTITUTE: I.E.S. Sergio Bernáles García
YEAR: 2024

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ÍNDICE.
INTRODUCTION OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM ………………………………………4
DEFINITION OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM …………..………………………………5

PARTS OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM …………………………………………………7

WHAT IS THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM?....................................................7
WHAT IS THE PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM?..............................................8
WHAT DOES THE PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DO?................................9
WHAT PARTS DOES THE PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM CONSIST OF?...10

FUNCTIONS OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM…………………………………...11

CURIOSITIES OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM………………………………………..12

DISEASES OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM

PARKINSON………………………………………………………………………………..14
MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS………………………………………………………………..15
RISK FACTORS………………………………………………………………………....16
EPILEPSY………………………………………………………………………………..18
CAUSES………………………………………………………………………………….18
SYMPTOMS……………………………………………………………………………...19
ALZHEIMER……………………………………………………………………………..20
WHAT CAUSES ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE?........................................................21
WHAT ARE THE SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE?.......22
TREATMENT…………………………………………………………………………….23
HOW ARE PERIPHERAL NERVE DISEASES DIAGNOSED?............................23

WHAT ARE THE TREATMENTS FOR PERIPHERAL NERVE DISEASES?......24

CAN PERIPHERAL NERVE DISEASES BE PREVENTED?...............................24

DIAGNOSIS AND TESTS…………………………………………..………………….25

TREATMENT………………………………………………………..............................26

RECOMENDATIONS…………………………………………………………..……..29

CONCLUSION……………………………………………………………….......………30

BIBLIOGRAPHY…………………………………………………………………….......31

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INTRODUCTION.

What is the nervous system?

The nervous system is one of the most important and complex systems in the
human body.
It has multiple functions, including receiving and processing all the information that
comes from both inside the body and from the environment, in order to regulate the
functioning of other organs and systems.

Why is the nervous system important?

The nervous system plays a role in virtually every aspect of our health and well-
being. Guides daily activities such as waking up; automatic activities such as
breathing; and complex processes such as thinking, reading, remembering and
feeling emotions.

What is the nervous system for?

The nervous system transmits signals between the brain and the rest of the body,
including internal organs. In this way, the activity of the nervous system controls
the ability to move, breathe, see, think and other activities that the human being
performs. Likewise, the basic unit of the nervous system is a nerve cell, or neuron

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DEFINITION

The nervous system is a complex and sophisticated network that coordinates and
regulates the functions of all the organs and systems of the human body, allowing
effective communication between the different parts of the organism and its
interaction with the environment. This vital system is responsible for receiving,
processing and transmitting information, allowing voluntary and involuntary control
of many bodily functions and making possible activities as diverse as movement,
thinking and sensory perception.

The nervous system is divided into two main parts: the central nervous system (CNS)
and the peripheral nervous system (PNS). The central nervous system is made up
of the brain and spinal cord. The brain is the control center of the body, responsible
for perception, thinking, memory and emotions. The spinal cord, on the other hand,
functions as a communication path between the brain and the rest of the body,
transmitting messages in both directions.

The peripheral nervous system, which extends outside the CNS, is made up of a
vast network of nerves that connect the brain and spinal cord to the muscles, organs,
and tissues of the body. These nerves carry messages to and from the CNS, allowing
the brain to receive sensory information from the body and send
motor commands to the muscles.

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The peripheral nervous system is further subdivided into the somatic nervous system
and the autonomic nervous system. The somatic nervous system is responsible for
voluntary control of movement, transmitting information from sensory receptors to
the CNS and carrying messages from the CNS to skeletal muscles. The autonomic
nervous system, for its part, controls involuntary functions of the body, such as heart
rate, breathing, and digestion. This system is divided into two branches, the
sympathetic nervous system and the parasympathetic nervous system, which often
work in opposition to maintain the body's balance.

From a cellular point of view, the nervous system is mainly composed of two types
of cells: neurons and glial cells. Neurons, or nerve cells, are the functional units of
the nervous system, responsible for transmitting and processing information through
electrical and chemical signals. Glial cells, on the other hand, provide support and
nutrition to neurons, assist in tissue repair, and participate in modulating neuronal
signaling.

The study of the nervous system, or neuroscience, has provided deep insights into
a wide range of phenomena, from the basic mechanisms of neuronal signaling to
the complexity of cognitive and emotional processes. However, despite enormous
advances in this area, the nervous system remains one of the most complex and
least understood systems in the human body.

Diseases and disorders of the nervous system, known collectively as neurological

diseases, can range from relatively common conditions, such as migraines and
epilepsy, to rarer and more serious diseases, such as multiple sclerosis and
Parkinson's disease. These conditions can have a significant impact on the quality
of life of individuals and represent a significant challenge for medical research.

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PARTS OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM

The nervous system has two main parts:

-The central nervous system is made up of the brain and spinal cord.

-The peripheral nervous system is made up of all the nerves that branch from the
spinal cord and extend to all parts of the body.

WHAT IS THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM?

The basic unit of the nervous system is a nerve cell, or neuron. The human brain
contains about 100 billion neurons. A neuron has a cell body, which includes the cell
nucleus, and special extensions called axons and dendrites. Bundles of axons,
called nerves, are found throughout the body. Axons and dendrites allow neurons to
communicate, even over long distances.

Different types of neurons control or perform different activities. For example, motor
neurons transmit messages from the brain to the muscles to generate movement.
Sensory neurons detect light, sound, smell, taste, pressure, and heat and send
messages about these things to the brain. Other parts of the nervous system control
involuntary processes. These include maintaining a regular heartbeat, releasing
hormones such as adrenaline, opening the pupil in response to light, and regulating
the digestive system.

When a neuron sends a message to another neuron, it sends an electrical signal

down the length of its axon. In the axon terminal, the electrical signal is converted
into a chemical signal. The axon then releases the chemical signal with chemical
messengers called neurotransmitters at the synapse, the space between the end of
an axon and the tip of a dendrite of another neuron. The neurotransmitters pass the
signal through the synapse to the adjacent dendrite, which converts the chemical
signal back into an electrical signal. The electrical signal then travels through the
neuron and goes through the same conversion process as it moves to neighboring
neurons.

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The nervous system also includes non-neuronal cells, called glial cells. Glial cells
perform many important functions that keep the nervous system functioning properly.
For example, the glial:

-They help support and keep neurons in place.

-They protect neurons.

-They create insulation called myelin, which helps move nerve impulses.

-They repair neurons and help restore neuronal function.

-They trim dead neurons.

-They regulate neurotransmitters.

The brain is made up of many communicating networks of neurons and glial cells.
These networks allow different parts of the brain to "talk" to each other and work
together to control bodily functions, emotions, thinking, behavior, and other activities.

What is the peripheral nervous system?

The peripheral nervous system is a network of nerves that runs through the head,
neck, and body. It carries messages to and from the central nervous system (the
brain and spinal cord). Together, the peripheral nervous system and the central
nervous system make up the nervous system.

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What does the peripheral nervous system do?

The brain and body send and receive information all the time. The peripheral nervous
system is responsible for sending these messages. Some types of messages start
in the eyes, ears, nose, tongue, and skin and reach the brain. Other types of
messages originate in the brain (commonly called the brain) and go to other parts of
the body. For example, if you smell smoke, the message starts from the nose and
goes to the brain. Then the brain allows us to think about what is happening and
sends messages to the muscles to move and get us away from danger.

The peripheral nervous system is in operation all the time, even while we sleep. It
sends messages to the heart to continue beating, to the muscles we use for
breathing, and to the digestive system to continue functioning.

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What parts does the peripheral nervous system consist of?

The peripheral nervous system is made up of two parts:

The somatic nervous system controls actions we do by choice (voluntary), such as

walking, eating, or playing an instrument.

The autonomic nervous system controls processes that occur automatically

(involuntarily), such as breathing, digestion, sweating, or shivering. The autonomic
nervous system is made up of two parts: the sympathetic nervous system and the
parasympathetic nervous system. The sympathetic nervous system causes the body
to react quickly to stressful or frightening events. The parasympathetic nervous
system controls the body's functions when we are calm and at rest.

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Functions of the Nervous System

The nervous system, which includes the central nervous system and the peripheral
nervous system, performs a series of essential functions in the body. Among these
functions, the most important are:
-Receiving Sensory Information: Sensory nerves collect information from around the
body and the environment, such as temperature, pain, light, and sound, and then
transmit it to the central nervous system for processing.

-Process Information: The central nervous system, which includes the brain and
spinal cord, processes the information received, interprets it, and decides how to
respond. This is done through a complex network of neural connections and
activation patterns.

-Generating Responses: Once the information has been processed, the nervous
system generates responses and transmits them through the peripheral nervous
system to different parts of the body. This may involve activating muscles (like when
you decide to move your hand) or releasing hormones.

-Coordinate Body Actions and Functions: The nervous system coordinates all the
actions and functions of the body. This includes involuntary functions, such as heart
rate, breathing, digestion, and sleep, as well as voluntary functions, such as walking
or talking.

-Maintaining Homeostasis: Homeostasis is the balance of the body in terms of

temperature, pH, ion concentration, and many other variables. The nervous system
helps maintain this balance by adjusting the body's functions as necessary.

-Provide the Foundation for Cognition and Consciousness: The nervous system is
also the basis for cognition, thinking, learning, memory, emotions, and
consciousness.

The human brain is particularly complex, providing the capacity for language,
abstract reasoning, art, music, and much more.

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These functions of the nervous system are essential for our survival and daily
functioning.

Curiosities of the nervous system

1. An impressive network: There are about 100 billion neurons in the human brain.
If all the neurons in the brain were connected, they could circle the earth more than
four times.

2. Amazing speed: Signals in neurons can travel at speeds of up to 120 meters per
second. That's approximately 432 kilometers per hour.

3. Complex connections: Each neuron can be connected to up to 10,000 other

neurons, passing signals through synapses. It is estimated that the brain has around
100 trillion synapses.

4. Weight and energy: Although the human brain only makes up about 2% of the
total body weight, it consumes about 20% of the oxygen and calories we consume.

5. Neuroplasticity: Unlike what was previously thought, the brain is quite plastic,
meaning it can change and adapt over time. Neurons can form new connections and
pathways throughout life, especially in response to learning and experiences.

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6. Does not feel pain: Surprisingly, the brain does not have nociceptors, which are
pain receptors in other parts of the body. This means that the brain itself cannot feel
pain. This is why neurosurgeons can perform brain surgery while the patient is
awake.

7. Age of neurons: It was thought that we are born with all the neurons we will have
in life. But it is now known that certain areas of the brain, such as the hippocampus
(important for memory and learning), can produce new neurons throughout life, a
process called neurogenesis.

8. The 10% Myth: Despite the popular myth that we only use 10% of our brain, the
reality is that we use virtually all parts of our brain at different times and contexts.
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has shown that all areas of the brain
have some level of activity, even during rest.

9. It is believed that the first neuron appeared 635 million years ago, in the Ediacaran
period, and its evolution would parallel the development of eyes and other complex
senses in primitive animals.

Diseases of the nervous system

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PARKINSON

Parkinson's disease is a type of movement disorder. It occurs when nerve cells

(neurons) do not produce enough of an important brain chemical known as
dopamine. Some cases are genetic but the majority do not seem to occur between
members of the same family.

Symptoms begin slowly, usually on one side of the body. Then they affect both sides.
Some are:

Tremor in the hands, arms, legs, jaw, and face

Stiffness in the arms, legs and trunk

Slowness of movements

Balance and coordination problems

As symptoms worsen, people with the disease may have difficulty walking or doing
simple tasks. They may also have problems such as depression, sleep disorders, or
difficulties chewing, swallowing, or speaking.

There is no diagnostic test for this disease. Doctors use the patient's history and a
neurological exam to diagnose it.

Parkinson's disease usually begins around age 60, but can appear earlier. It is much
more common among men than women. There is no cure for Parkinson's disease.
There are various medicines that sometimes help greatly improve symptoms. In
severe cases, surgery and deep brain stimulation (electrodes implanted in the brain
that send pulses to stimulate the parts of the brain that control movement) can help.

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Multiple sclerosis

Multiple sclerosis is a disease of the brain and spinal cord (central nervous system)
that can cause disability.

With multiple sclerosis, the immune system attacks the protective sheath (myelin)
that covers nerve fibers and causes communication problems between the brain and
the rest of the body. Over time, the disease can cause permanent deterioration or
damage to nerve fibers.

The signs and symptoms of multiple sclerosis vary greatly in different patients and
depend on the location and severity of nerve fiber damage in the central nervous
system. Some people with advanced multiple sclerosis may lose the ability to walk
unassisted or completely. Other people may have long periods of remission without
developing new symptoms, depending on the type of multiple sclerosis they have.

Multiple sclerosis has no cure. However, there are treatments that help speed up
recovery from seizures, change the course of the disease and control symptoms.

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The signs and symptoms of multiple sclerosis can vary greatly from person to person
and over the course of the disease, depending on the location of the affected nerve
fibers.

Common symptoms include:

Numbness or weakness in one or more extremities that commonly occurs on one

side of the body at a time

Tingle

Sensations of electric shocks that occur with certain movements of the neck,
especially when tilting it forward (Lhermitte sign)

Lack of coordination

Unsteady gait or inability to walk

Partial or complete loss of vision, usually in one eye at a time, often with pain when
moving the eye

Extended double vision

Blurred vision

Vertigo

Problems with sexual function, intestines and bladder

Fatigue

slurred speech

Cognitive problems

Mood disorders

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Risk factors

The following factors may increase the risk of having multiple sclerosis:

Age. Multiple sclerosis can occur at any age, but its onset usually occurs between
the ages of 20 and 40. However, younger and older people can be affected.

Sex. Women are 2 to 3 times more likely than men to have relapsing-remitting
multiple sclerosis.

Family history. If one of your parents or siblings had multiple sclerosis, your risk of
having the disease is higher.

Certain infections. Various viruses are associated with multiple sclerosis, including
Epstein-Barr, which causes infectious mononucleosis.

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Epilepsy

Epilepsy is a brain disorder in which a person has repeated seizures over a period of time.
Seizures are episodes of uncontrolled, abnormal electrical activity of neurons that can cause
changes in attention or behavior such as body movements.

Causes

Epilepsy occurs when changes in brain tissue cause the brain to be overly excitable or
irritable. As a result, brain cells send abnormal electrical signals. This causes repetitive and
unpredictable seizures. (A single seizure that does not happen again is not epilepsy.)

Epilepsy can be caused by a health condition or an injury that affects the brain. Or,
the cause may be unknown (idiopathic).

Common causes of epilepsy include:

-Stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA)

-Dementia, such as Alzheimer's disease

-traumatic brain injury

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-Infections, such as brain abscess, meningitis, encephalitis, and HIV/AIDS

-Brain problems present at birth (congenital brain anomaly)

-Brain injury that occurs during or around the time of birth

-Metabolic disorders present at birth (such as phenylketonuria)

-Brain tumor

-Abnormal blood vessels in the brain

-Another disease that damages or destroys brain tissue

-Congenital epileptic disorders (hereditary epilepsy)

Epileptic seizures can occur in anyone at any age. However, they are more common
in young children and adults over 65 years of age. There may be a family history of
seizures or epilepsy.

Symptoms

Symptoms vary from person to person. Some people may have simple episodes of
absence. Others have violent tremors and loss of mental clarity (seizure). The type
of seizure depends on the part of the brain affected.
Most of the time, for people with epilepsy, their seizures are similar to their first ones.
Some people with epilepsy have a strange sensation before each seizure. These
sensations can be tingling, smelling a smell that doesn't really exist, or emotional
changes. This is called aura.

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Your doctor can give you more information about the specific type of seizure you
may have:

Typical absences (also called non-motor seizures) include seizures that involve a
change in behavior but no change in motor movement (such as staring episodes).
They may occur along with generalized seizures.

Focal partial seizures can occur without changes in consciousness. Symptoms

depend on the part of the brain affected. These seizures can spread to the entire
brain.

Generalized tonic-clonic seizures involve both sides of the brain and cause altered
consciousness. Abnormal movements that involve the entire body often occur. Jaw
constriction and loss of bladder and bowel control may occur.

Alzheimer

Alzheimer's disease is a brain disorder that slowly destroys memory and the ability
to think and, over time, the ability to carry out even the simplest tasks. People with
Alzheimer's also experience changes in behavior and personality.

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Alzheimer's symptoms (changes in the way you think, remember, reason and
behave) are known as dementia. For this reason, Alzheimer's disease is sometimes
referred to simply as “dementia.” Other diseases and conditions can also cause
dementia, but Alzheimer's disease is its most common cause in older people.

Alzheimer's disease is not a normal part of aging, but is the result of complex
changes in the brain that begin years before symptoms appear and result in the loss
of neurons and their connections.

What causes Alzheimer's disease?

The causes of this disease are not yet fully understood, but they likely include a
combination of:

Age-related changes in the brain (such as shrinkage, inflammation, damage to blood

vessels, and reduced energy production within cells), which can damage neurons
and affect other brain cells.

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Changes or differences in genes, which could be hereditary. Both types of
Alzheimer's (the very rare early-onset type, which occurs between ages 30 and 65,
and the more common late-onset type, in people over age 65) can be linked in some
way to genes. Many people with the genetic condition Down syndrome will develop
Alzheimer's as they age, and they may begin to show signs of the disease during
their 40s.

Health, environmental and lifestyle factors that could intervene in some way, such
as exposure to pollutants, heart disease, stroke, high blood pressure, diabetes and
obesity.

What are the signs and symptoms of Alzheimer's disease?

Memory problems are often one of the first signs of Alzheimer's disease. Symptoms
vary from person to person and may include:

-Difficulty finding or expressing words, compared to other people of the same age.

-Spatial and vision problems, such as not being aware of the space around them.

-Deterioration in reasoning or judgment, which can impact the decisions they make.

-Other symptoms may include changes in the person's behavior, such as:

-Taking longer to complete daily tasks;

Repeat questions.

-Having trouble managing money and paying bills;

-Wander and get lost;

-Losing or misplacing things in unusual places.

-Show changes in mood or personality.

-Have more anxiety or be more aggressive.

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TREATMENT

How are peripheral nerve diseases diagnosed?

To find out if you have peripheral nerve disease, your health care professional can:

Ask about your medical history

Ask about your family's health history

Do a physical exam

Request evidence, which may include:

Blood test

Genetic testing

Nerve tests that measure:

Electrical activity in your nerves and muscles

How well your autonomic nerves are working

Nerve or skin tissue biopsy

CT scan or MRI to see what may be pressing on your nerves

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What are the treatments for peripheral nerve diseases?

It is important to treat any condition that is causing nerve damage. In certain cases,
this will allow your nerves to heal over time.

Treating symptoms depends on the type of peripheral nerve disease you have,
where it is located, and how severe it is. Treatment options include:

Braces or splints

Over-the-counter skin patches and creams

Prescription medications

Pain management without medications, such as electrical stimulation or relaxation

therapy

Surgery to relieve pressure on a nerve

Can peripheral nerve diseases be prevented?

You can help prevent peripheral nerve diseases by:

Control health conditions that can cause nerve damage, especially diabetes

Avoid falls and accidents

Do not use toxic substances

Take care to avoid repetitive movements and body positions that put pressure on
your nerves

Follow a balanced diet, exercise, limit alcohol consumption and do not smoke.

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DIAGNOSIS AND TESTS

Neurologists and other neuroscience specialists use special tests and imaging
techniques to see how the nerves and brain are working.

Along with blood and urine tests, tests performed to diagnose diseases of the
nervous system may include:

• Computed tomography (CT)

• Lumbar puncture (spinal tap) to check for infections of the spinal cord and brain, or
to measure cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure.

• Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or magnetic resonance angiography (MRA)

• Angiography to take pictures of the blood vessels in the brain

• Electroencephalography (EEG) to examine electrical activity in the brain

• Electromyography (EMG) to evaluate nerve and muscle activity

• Electronystagmography (ENG) to check for abnormal eye movements, which may

be a sign of a brain disorder

• Evoked potentials (evoked response), which examine how the brain responds to
sounds, sights, and touch

• Magnetoencephalography (MEG)

• Myelography of the spine to diagnose neurological injury

• Nerve conduction velocity (NCV) test

• Neurocognitive tests (neuropsychological tests)

• Polysomnography to see how the brain reacts during sleep

• Single-photon emission computed tomography (SCT) and positron emission

tomography (PET) to examine brain metabolic activity

• Biopsy of the brain, nerves, skin, or muscles to determine if there is a problem with
the nervous system

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TREATMENT

Most neurological conditions are treated with medications. Most medications are
taken orally, but some need to be given as an infusion (through a vein) or injected
into the cerebrospinal fluid. Medications can be used to:

• Treat pain

• Improve neurological function

• Reduce degeneration

• Prevent an autoimmune attack on the nervous system

• Treat infections of the nervous system

Neuroradiology is a branch of neurosciences. This focuses on the diagnosis and

treatment of nervous system problems.

Interventional neuroradiology involves inserting tiny flexible probes called catheters

into blood vessels leading to the brain. This allows the doctor (radiologist) to treat
vascular disorders that can affect the nervous system, such as a stroke.

Interventional neuroradiology treatments include:

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• Balloon angioplasty and carotid or vertebral artery stenting

• Endovascular embolization and coiling to treat cerebral aneurysms

• Intra-arterial therapy for stroke

• Myelography to take images of spinal structures

• Radiation oncology of the brain and spine

• Needle biopsy of the spine and soft tissue

• Kyphoplasty and vertebroplasty to treat spinal fractures

Open or traditional neurosurgery may be needed to treat problems in the brain and
surrounding structures. Surgery may be needed to treat brain tumors or
hemorrhages (bleeding) in the brain. This is an invasive surgery where the surgeon
is required to make an opening, called a craniotomy, in the skull. Sometimes surgery
can help treat epilepsy or dementia. Spinal diseases such as herniated discs can
also be treated with surgery.

Microsurgery allows the surgeon to work on very small structures in the brain, using
a microscope and very small, precise instruments.

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Stereotactic radiosurgery may be needed for certain types of neurological disorders.
This is a form of radiation therapy that focuses high-powered X-rays on a small area
of the body. This helps prevent damage to surrounding brain tissue.

Treatment of diseases or disorders related to the nervous system may also include:

• Deep brain stimulation

• Spinal stimulation

• Physiotherapy/rehabilitation therapy after brain injury or stroke

• Spine surgery

WHO IS INVOLVED

The neuroscience medical team is often made up of healthcare providers from

different specialties. This may include:

• Neurologist -- a doctor who has received additional training in the treatment of

disorders of the brain and nervous system

• Vascular surgeon -- a doctor who has received additional training in the surgical
treatment of blood vessel disorders

• Neurosurgeon -- a doctor who has received additional training in brain and spine
surgery

• Neuropsychologist -- a doctor specially trained to administer and interpret tests of

cognitive function of the brain

• Pain doctor -- a doctor who has received training in treating complex pain with
procedures and medications

• Psychiatrist -- a doctor who treats behavioral brain diseases with medications

• Psychologist -- a doctor who treats behavioral brain conditions with speech therapy

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Radiologist -- a doctor who has received additional training to interpret medical
images and perform different procedures, using imaging technology specifically to
treat disorders of the nervous system and brain

• Neuroscientist -- someone who conducts research on the nervous system

• Nursing professionals (NP)

• Professional Physician Assistants (PAs)

• Social workers

• Nutritionists or dieticians

• Primary care physicians

• Physiotherapists, who help with mobility, strength, balance and flexibility

• Occupational therapists, who help keep people functioning well at home and at
work

• Speech therapists, who help with speech, language and comprehension

RECOMENDATIONS

Repetitive habits: what to do and what not to do?

Repetitive habits are related to the individual's health status. If we have a routine
based on repetitive healthy habits, we will ensure that our body receives what it
needs. Next, we will show you some examples of the habits that you should and
should not repeat for the proper functioning of your nervous system:

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Sleep habit: at bedtime you should be in a cool, quiet place, without visual or auditory
stimuli that affect your rest. Remember to rest six hours a day to avoid sleep
disorders.

Physical activity: we recommend that you do moderate exercise, regularly and

without being excessive. It is important to know that both a sedentary lifestyle and
strenuous exercise can produce stressful situations and alter the body.

Food: it is very important to have a balanced diet. Eat foods that provide energy and
avoid others such as bad fats – that is, saturated, hydrogenated and trans fats –
since in the future you may suffer from cardiovascular problems. So if you want to
improve your concentration and your intellectual development, nourish your body
with complex carbohydrates (cereals), protein (sea foods, lean white meat or yogurt)
and with vitamins B, C, E, K, P, among others.

Psychoactive substances: if you are one of those people who drinks coffee, smokes
cigarettes or drinks alcohol, we recommend that you avoid their consumption. The
chemical composition of these substances affects the nervous system, since it alters
brain functions, producing reversible and irreversible injuries.

Pollution: avoid contaminated places such as factories, industries or hospitals.

These spaces contain substances toxic to our body that affect our neurons.

Stress and emotional factors: we advise you to carry out activities that help your
mental health. Carrying out reading activities, games, crossword puzzles or listening
to relaxing music are activities that help maintain the proper functioning of the brain.
This way you avoid stressful situations that could harm you.

CONCLUSION

The nervous system is one of the most important and complex systems in the human
body.

It has multiple functions, including receiving and processing all the information that
comes from both inside the body and from the environment, in order to regulate the
functioning of other organs and systems.

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In addition, the nervous system allows us to reason and act based on our needs,
which is why it is extremely important to take care of it and preserve it to lead a full
and healthy life in all aspects of life

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