L3 Algebra Class 8

TTMath School
Level 3: Algebra Class 8
1. Polynomial: A function that can be written as P (x) = an xn + an−1 xn−1 + · · · + a1 x + a0 where an 6= 0.

(a) P (1) is the sum of the coefficients
(b) P (0) is the constant term.
(c) If an = 1 then P (x) is called a monic polynomial.
2. Degree analysis: Let f (x) and g(x) be two non-zero polynomials.
(a) deg(f ± g) ≤ max (deg(f ), deg(g))
(b) deg(f g) = deg(f ) + deg(g)
(c) deg(f ◦ g) = deg(g ◦ f ) = deg(f ) deg(g)
3. Inverse Function: The inverse of the function f (x) is a function, f −1 (x) that reverse the operation of f (x).
4. Horizontal Line Test: A function has an inverse if and only if every horizontal line insects the graph in at most
1 point.
5. If a function f has an inverse f −1 then y = f (x) and y = f −1 (x) are symmetric with respect to the line y = x.
6. Let f (x) be a function.
(a) Vertical stretch by a factor of a: af (x) (If a < 0 then these is also a vertical flip)
(b) Vertical shift up by k units: f (x) + k
(c) Horizontal shift to the right by h units: f (x − h)
(d) General composition form: af (x − h) + k
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Homework
Complete the following problems. Remember to show your work and simplify your answer. Do not
use a calculator.
1. Additional Practice: “Introduction to Algebra”: Chapter 17, 18
Next Class: “Introduction to Algebra”: Chapter 19
2. Sketch the following polynomials
(a) f (x) = 8(x − 1)2 (x + 4)(x − 7)
(b) f (x) = −10(x2 + 2x + 1)(x2 − 4x + 4)(x + 1)
3. Given that x3 + 4x2 y + axy 2 + 3xy − bxc y + 7xy 2 + dxy + y 2 = x3 + y 2 for all real numbers x and y. Find the
value of a, b, c, d.
4. Let P (x) = nxn+4 + 3x4−n − 2x3 + 4x − 5 and Q(x) = 3xn+4 − x4 + x3 + 2nx2 + x − 2. Determine if there
exists an integer n such that P (x) − Q(x) is a polynomial of degree 5 and six terms.
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r 3 +r+1
5. If r satisfy the equation x2 − x − 1 = 0, simplify r5 into a polynomial form with the lowest degree possible.
6. If r satisfy the equation 3x2 + x = 1, find the value of 6r3 − r2 − 3r + 2010.
7. Let P (x) = ax7 + bx3 + cx − 5 where a, b, c are constants. If P (−7) = 7, find the value of P (7).
8. If (x2 − x − 1)n = a2n x2n + a2n−1 x2n−1 + · · · + a2 x2 + a1 x + a0 , find the value of a0 + a2 + a4 + · · · + a2n .
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9. Let a be a number such that a4 + a3 + a2 + a + 1 = 0. Find the value of a2000 + a2010 + 1.
10. Suppose that f is a polynomial such that
(x − 1) · f (x) = 3x4 + x3 − 25x2 + 38x − 17.
Find f (x).
11. The polynomial functions F and G satisfy F (y) = 3y 2 − y + 1 and F (G(y)) = 12y 4 − 62y 2 + 81. What are all
possible values for the sum of the coefficients of G(y)?
12. Find the inverses of the following functions. If there is no inverse, explain why.
(a) f (x) = |x|
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(b) f (x) = x+4
2x−5
√
(c) f (x) = x−3
(d) Define f : {x|x ≤ 0, x ∈ R} → R with f (x) = |x|
(e) f (x) = x3
(f) Define f : {x|x ≥ 10, x ∈ R} → R with f (x) = x2 − 2x + 2
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
x
 if x ≥ 5
13. Consider the function f (x) = 5 if − 5 < x < 5 and g(x) = −2f (x + 1) − 3.

−x if x ≤ −5

(a) Determine the expression for g(x).
(b) Graph f (x).
(c) Graph g(x).
14. Let f (x) = 2x . Note that this function has an inverse f −1 (x). Find the value of f −1 (8).
15. State the transformation steps from the function f (x) = x2 to f (x) = −2x2 + 3x + 4.
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16. State the transformation steps from the function f (x) = −x2 + x + 1 to f (x) = 2x2 + 3x + 4. Each of the
transformations can only be used at most once.
17. Let f (x) be a function. Determine if each of the following statements is true or false. If it is true, prove it. If
it is false, find a counter example.
(a) The graphs y = f (x) and y = f (x + 3) cannot intersect.
(b) The graphs y = f (x) and y = 3f (x) cannot intersect.
(c) The graphs y = f (x) and y = f (x) + 3 cannot intersect.
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(d) The graphs y = f (x) and x = f (y) must intersect.
(e) Let f (x) have an inverse f −1 (x). The graphs y = f (x) and y = f −1 (x) must intersect.
(f) Let f (x) have an inverse f −1 (x). If y = f (x) and y = f −1 (x) intersects then it must be on the line y = x.
x
18. For what values of a is the function f (x) = its own inverse?
x−a
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19. A function f takes as input a pair of real numbers and outputs an ordered pair of real numbers as follows:
f (x, y) = (x + y, x − y). Does f have an inverse? If so, what is it?
20. Show that for any two functions f and g with inverses f −1 and g −1 , the inverse of f ◦ g is g −1 ◦ f −1 .
21. The function f satisfies f (x) = 8 for 0 ≤ x < 3, and f (x) = 2f (x − 3) for all real x. Draw the portion of the
graph of y = f (x) for which −12 ≤ x < 6.
22. Compute the number of real values of x such that x100 − 4x · x98 − x2 + 4x = 0.

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TTMath School

Level 3: Algebra Class 8

1. Polynomial: A function that can be written as P (x) = an xn + an−1 xn−1 + · · · + a1 x + a0 where an 6= 0.

(b) f (x) = −10(x2 + 2x + 1)(x2 − 4x + 4)(x + 1)

6. If r satisfy the equation 3x2 + x = 1, find the value of 6r3 − r2 − 3r + 2010.

10. Suppose that f is a polynomial such that

(x − 1) · f (x) = 3x4 + x3 − 25x2 + 38x − 17.

(d) Define f : {x|x ≤ 0, x ∈ R} → R with f (x) = |x|

(f) Define f : {x|x ≥ 10, x ∈ R} → R with f (x) = x2 − 2x + 2

(a) Determine the expression for g(x).

(b) Graph f (x).

(c) Graph g(x).

(b) The graphs y = f (x) and y = 3f (x) cannot intersect.

(c) The graphs y = f (x) and y = f (x) + 3 cannot intersect.

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