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    Problem Set 6

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    riwa.desai

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    Problem Set 6

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    Problem Set 6

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    MAT 1004: Multivariate Calculus

    Problem Set 6

    ⇤
    ⇥Section 1
    T(g) = g(-1,1) + gx(a)(x-a) + gy(a)(y-a) + 1/2.gxx.(x-a)^2 + 1/2.gyy.(y-b)^2 + gxy(x-a)(y-a)

    1. Compute the Taylor approximation up to the second degree of the function g(x, y) =
    p
    1 + x + 4y about the point a = ( 1, 1).

    2. Let f (x, y) = ex cos y. Show that there exists 0 < t < 1 such that f (x, y) = 1 + xetx cos ty
    yetx sin ty.

    ⇤
    ⇥Section 2

    1. Let f be the function on R2 defined by f (x, y) = ax2 + bxy + cy 2 for some a, b, c 2 R. Show
    that (0, 0) is a critical point of the function.

    2. Determine which points on the following curves are the farthest from the origin.

    (a) (t) = (cos t, sin t, sin t).


    (b) (t) = (cos t, sin t, sin 2t ).

    3. Consider the function f (x, y) = x3 3xy 2 . Check if (0, 0) is a critical point. Is it a maximum,
    minimum, or neither? Justify.
    1
    4. Consider the function g(x, y) = x2 + y 2 + x2 y 2
    , x, y 6= 0. Determine the critical points of g.
    Are they maxima, minima or neither? Justify.

    5. Consider the function h(x, y) = (x + y)e xy . Determine the critical points of h. Are they
    maxima, minima or neither? Justify.

    ⇤
    ⇥Section 3

    Let f be the function on R2 defined as

    f (x, y) = sin x cos y


    p
    1. Show that |f (x, y)|  x2 + y 2 for all x, y 2 R2 .

    2. Does there exist a positive number k < 1 such that


    p
    |f (x, y)|  k x2 + y 2

    for all (x, y) 2 R2 ?

    1
    ⇤
    ⇥Section 4

    Suppose f : Rn ! R is a function such that rf (x) = a for all x. Show that f must be of the form

    f (x) = ha, xi + c

    where c is some real number.


    ⇤
    ⇥Section 5

    Let f (x, y) = x2 y, a = (10, 20), b = (10.1, 20.1). Find a point c such that

    f (b) f (a) = hrf (c), (b a)i


    Linear Approximation:

    ⇤
    f(b) = f(a) + (b_x - a_x).fx(a) + (b_y - a_y).fy(a)

    ⇥Section 6
    f(b) - f(a) = 〈∇f(a), (b-a)〉
    => c = a

    1. What are the maximum and minimum values of the function

    f (x, y, z) = y 2 10z

    on the sphere x2 + y 2 + z 2 = 36.

    2. Consider the surface


    S := {(x, y, z) | xyz = 1}.

    What are the points on S that are closest to the origin?

    3. Sketch the curve defined by


    3x2 2xy + 3y 2 = 4.

    Find the points on this curve that are the closest to the origin.

    (a) Do this using problem 2.4.


    (b) Do this using Lagrange multipliers.
    (c) Do this using the arithmetic-geometric mean inequality.

    4. Find the point on the sphere x2 + y 2 + z 2 = 1 that is the farthest from the point (1, 2, 3).

    5. Let f (x, y, z) = xyz. What are the critical points of f subject to the constraints x + y + z = 1
    and y x = z?

    6. We want to make a rectangular box with a lid, having a volume of 96 m3 . The material for the
    lid costs twice as much per square meter as the material for the bottom and the sides. What are
    the dimensions of the least expensive box?

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