LAW ENFORCEMENT ADMINISTRATION AND

ORGANIZATION
MODULE 1

EARLY DEVELOPMENT OF POLICING

ORIGIN OF THE WORD “POLICE”

 POLIS – a Greek word means “City”

 POLITEIA – a Greek Word means “Government of the City” (Applied to all civil officers not necessarily
police officers
 POLITIA – a Roman word means “Condition of the State or Government”
 POLICE – a French Word (Applied to all person who actually enforce the law)
 COPPER OR COP – (England) from “Chief of Police or Constable on Patrol”. A European word “COP”
means “To Catch or to Seize”
TAKE NOTE:
 Police, COP. Constable and Patrol belong from the French.
 PATROUILLER is a French word of PATROL means “To go through the Puddles”

ANCIENT POLICE
 BABYLONIAN CLAY TABLET – shows a report from Babylonian officer to his superior.
 TEMPLE GUARDS AND WATCHMEN – Mentioned in the holy bible whose duty is to protect the city
and arrest Violator.
 MEDJAYS – a Police force organized by Egyptians and are not members of the Military Force.
 VIGILES – formed by Augustus, the first Roman Emperor, which means “a Purposeful of Watchful
Staying awake”. They were armed with staves, wood, or metal tasked to keep peace and fight fires.

MIDDLES AGES
 FRANKPLEDGE SYSTEM OR MUTUAL PLEDGE - A community is divided into Groups of 10 men
(THYTHINGS, THYTHINGMEN) who is responsible for the conduct of each other and to the arrest of
violator.
 HUE AND CRY – The victim goes to the middle of the community and shout to call all male resident to
assemble.
 SHIRE-REEVE SYSTEM – Shire means “District” and Reeve is a ruler who made laws, judgement, and
impose punishment.
 KEEPERS OF THE PEACE – certain knights commissioned by King Richard of England to preserve
peace in unruly areas. They were responsible for ensuring that the law was upheld, and preserved the
“Kings Peace”

ORGANIZATION – an association or group of individuals with a common goal.

ADMINISTRATION – the general managing and organizing that occurs at the highest level of an organization.
POLICE – a structured group of trained personnel dealt with achieving following goals and objectives.
LAW ENFORCEMENT – the prevention and control of crimes, enforcement of laws, and effecting the arrest of
offenders.

CHARLIES – Founded by King Charles II of England and called as “Shiver and Shake” because many were old
and would run if they see trouble, or heard cry for help.
STATUTE OF 1295 – marks the beginning of curfew hours which demanded the closing of the gates in London.
BOW STREET HORSE RUNNERS – founded by Henry Fielding, a group of privately paid person who was the
first organized attempt at follow-up investigation.
LONDON METROPOLITAN POLICE – Founded by Sir Robert Peel (Father of Modern Policing), the world
organized modern police force and later called as “Scotland Yard”
METROPOLITAN POLICE ACT OF 1829 – Established a full-time, professional, and centrally-organized police
force for the greater area of London under the Home Secretary.
SERGEANT DE VILLE – (Servant of the City) The French were the first to established uniformed police officers.
RATTLEWATCH – organized in New York.

MODULE 2

Stephanie P. B
BSCRIM
LAW ENFORCEMENT ADMINISTRATION AND
ORGANIZATION
EVOLUTION OF POLICING
A. PRE SPANISH ERA

CABEZA DE BARANGAY - The head and the leader of a group of settlers (dayuhan) also known as “Tiniente
Del Barrio” who collected taxes locally.
GOBERNADORCILLO / CAPITAL MUNICIPAL – a municipal judge or governor in the Philippines who had
functions similar to a town mayor.
PRINCIPALIA OR NOBLE CLASS – the ruling and usually educated upper class in the Pueblos of the Spanish.

B. SPANISH REGIME

1. CARABINEROS DE SEGURIDAD PUBLICA

 The first organized police force (1712) and is known as Mounted Police.
 Its purpose is to carry out the regulations of the Spanish Government.
 They are members of Spanish militia or rifleman.
 They Commissioned officer were filled by Spanish Army officer while Filipino can be admitted
to the rank of Sergeants only.
2. GUARDRILLEROS
 The first rural police organization in each town
 Created by the virtue of Royal Decree January 8, 1936
 There functions were maintaining public security and order, patrolling in dark and unsafe
places, guarding the tribunal of municipal building and prison houses.
 It was composed of 5% of the able bodied male inhabitants of each town and must serve for at
least 3 years.
3. GUARDIA CIVIL
 Created by the virtue of Royal Decree February 12, 1852.
 The purpose of its creation was to relieve the Spanish militia in its Policing functions.
 It was composed of Filipinos under the command of Alcalde (Governor).

C. AMERICAN OCCUPATION

1. INSULAR CONSTABULARY
 The Philippine Commission organized the Insular Police through Act no. 75
 ACT NO 175 – an act providing for the organization and government of an Insular
Constabulary and for inspection of the Municipal Police.
 They were tasked to preserved peace, Keeping order and enforcing laws.
2. MANILA POLICE DEPARTMENT
 Organized by the virtue of Act no. 183 of the second Philippine Commission under the
leadership of CAPT. Georgy Curry (The first Chief of Police)
 METROPOLITAN POLICE FORCE OF MANILA – created by the Act no. 70 of the Taft
commission. An entirely American body and first stationed at Goldenberg Mansion, San
Miguel.
 ACT No. 183 – The metropolitan police force of manila was renamed into the Manila Police
District also called “Manila’s Finest”
3. PHILIPPINE CONSTABULARY (PC)
 Organized by the virtue of Act no. 255.
 Majority of personnel were Filipinos under the Leadership of Capt. Henry T. Allen (The first
Chief of PC)
 The National Police Institution for preserving peace, Keeping order and enforcing laws.
4. BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
 Created by the virtue of Act no. 181, the modification of Division of Investigation (DI) from the
DOJ.
 RA 157 – enacted which created the NBI

D. JAPANESE OCCUPATION

 KEMPETAI – A Japanese military force responsible in maintaining peace and order in Manila.
 KEMPEI – Member of the Japanese Imperial Army

Stephanie P. B
BSCRIM
LAW ENFORCEMENT ADMINISTRATION AND
ORGANIZATION
 Manila Police Department was renamed Metropolitan Constabulary under the supervision of Bureau of
Constabulary.

E. PHILIPPINE POLICING SYSTEM

 RA 2678 – provides the expansion of reorganization of the NBI.

 RA 4864 – “Police Act of 1990”. Created the Police Commission later called as NAPOLCOM as a
supervisory agency to oversee the training and professionalization of the local police forces under the
Office of the President.
 NAPOLCOM – exercise the administrative control and operational supervision over the PNP. The
NAPOLCOM as a collegial Body is composed of an Ex-Officio member (DILG SECRETARY), 4 Regular
Commissioners and the Chief PNP as an Ex-Officio Member who is appointed by the president as the
Vice Chair-person.
 PD 765 – issued establishing and constituting the Integrated National Police (INP) and stipulated that
the office of the NAPOLCOM should be under the MINISTRY OF NATIONAL DEFENSE.
 RA 6975 – “DILG Act of 1990”. Created the PNP and declared to be the only Police force in the country
that is National in Scope and Civilian in Character.
 RA 8551 – “PNP REFORM AND REORGANIZATION ACT” Amended some provision of RA 6975.
 RA 9708 – An act extending for 5 years the Reglementary period for complying with the minimum
educational qualification for appointment to the PNP.

IMPORTANT PERSONALITIES

1. BRIG/GEN. RAFAEL CRAME – 1st Filipino Chief of the PC

2. COL. ANTONIO TORRES – 1st Filipino Chief and Filipino COP of Manila Police Department in 1935.
3. COL. LAMBERTO JAVALERA – 1st Chief of the MPD after the Philippine Independence from, the USA.
4. P/DIR. GEN. CESAR NAZARENO – 1st Chief of the PNP.

MODULE 3
FUNDAMENTAL THEORIES AND CONCPET OF POLICE SERVICE AND TYPES OF ORGANIZATIONAL
STRUCTURE

FUNDAMENTAL THEORIES OF POLICE SERVICE

A. HOME RULE THEORY

 Practice in US and England
 Governmental Structure follows a decentralized patterns.
 Policemen are civil servants whose key duty is the preservation of public peace and security.
 Law enforcers or Policemen are regarded as servants of Community who rely for the efficiency
of their functions upon the express needs of the people.

B. CONTINENTAL THEORY
 Prevails in European Countries like Spain, Italy and France
 Follows a Centralized Pattern.
 People have no or little participation with the duties nor connection with the police organization.
 Policemen are regarded as state or servants of the higher authorities.

CONCEPT OF POLICE SERVICE

A. OLD CONCEPT – The yardstick of police competence is the increasing number of arrest, throwing to
detention facilities rather than trying to prevent them from committing crimes. This is known as
Suppressive Machinery (The suppression of crime).
B. MODERN CONCEPT – The measurement of Police Efficiency is absence of Crime and known as
Preventive Machinery.

Stephanie P. B
BSCRIM
LAW ENFORCEMENT ADMINISTRATION AND
ORGANIZATION
TYPES OF ORGANIZATION STRUCTURE

A. FUNCTION – It divides authority and responsibility between several specialist and where the personnel
have to serve several heads.
B. LINE – A straight line organization also called the individual, Military, the simplest, oldest, and clearest
form of organization. It flows from top to bottom in a clear and unbroken line thus the authority is
absolute.
C. LINE AND STAFF – a combination of the line and functional category. It merges staff specialist for units
with line organization.

VARIOUS UNITS OF POLICE ORGANIZATION

A. FUNCTIONAL UNITS
1. Bureau – Largest organic unit within a large department.
2. Division – A primary sub-division of Bureau.
3. Section – Functional unit within a division – necessary for specialization.
4. Units – The smallest functional group within a section and organization.

B. LINE UNIT – refers to the personnel who directly interact with the police.

C. TERRITORIAL UNITS
1. Post – A fixed points or location to w/c an officer is assigned for duty.
2. Route – the line of streets designated for patrol purposes, also known as “Line Beat”
3. Beat – an area assigned for patrol purposes either on foot or motorize. Composed of 2 or more
beat.
4. Sector – an area containing 2 or more beats, route, or posts.
5. District – a geographical subdivision of a city for patrol purposes usually within its own station.
6. Area – a section or territorial division of a large city each compromised of designated districts.

CLASSIFICATION OF LINE, STAFF, and AUXILLARY FUNCTION

1. LINE FUNCTIONS – the “backbone” of Police Department. They include operations as patrol, criminal
investigation, and traffic control.
2. STAFF FUNTIONS – are those operations designated to support the line functions. They are
necessarily advisors who are typically assigned to planning, research, legal advice and budgeting.
3. AUXILLIARY FUNCTIONS – involved the logistical operations of the department including the training,
communications, jailing, maintenance, and similar operation.

ORGANIC UNITS IN POLICE ORGANIZATION

1. ORGANIZATIONAL UNITS – those that perform primary or line functions.

2. ADMINISTRATIVE UNITS – those that perform the administrative functions like finance, planning and
training.
3. SERVICE UNITS – those that perform, auxiliary functions.

ADMINISTRATIVE FUNCTIONS

A. PLANNING – the process of selecting goals and determining how to achieve them.
B. ORGANIZING – the process of making an organization fit with its objectives, resources, and
environment.
C. DIRECTING – the process of giving orders, commands, directives or instructions to personnel in order
to rule or guide them in accomplishing the goals or objective of an organizations.
D. STAFFING – the act of placing personnel to the positions in the organizational structure considering
their qualifications.

Stephanie P. B
BSCRIM
LAW ENFORCEMENT ADMINISTRATION AND
ORGANIZATION
E. COORDINATING – the matter of integrating the different elements within and outside of an organization
into harmonious relationship.
F. RECORDING – the system of classifying and compiling written communications going inside and
outside of an organization.
G. BUDGETING – the management of income and expenditure within the organization.

DIFFERENT STAFFING ACTIVITIES

1. RECRUITMENT – the set of activities and processes used to legally obtain a sufficient number of right
people for specific position.
2. SELECTION – the process of choosing from among the candidate’s most suitable person for current or
future position.
3. NEXT IN RANK RULE – states that the appointing authority must prioritize the selection of the next rank
in filling up a vacant position.
4. APPRAISAL – the process of measuring the performance (evaluation of police)
5. TRAINING - the act of improving the ability required in the current job.
6. DEVELOPMENT – the act of improving the ability required in the future job.

PRINCIPLES IN POLICE MANAGEMENT

1. UNITY OF OBJHECTIVES – the members of a police organization is be motivated by common thing in

accomplishing a common mission.
2. SCALAR PRINCIPLE – a vertical hierarchy of organization is required. The unbroken chain of
command from top to bottom must be observed.
3. UNITY OF COMMAND – a set of police officers should under be the control of only one superior police
officer.
4. SPAN OF CONTROL – a superior must be manage a number of persons that he can effectively control.
5. DELEGATION OF AUTHORITY – a superior may delegate some of his duties to his subordinates for it
is impossible for him to perform all the duties that he is required to perform.
6. LINE AND STAFF PRINCIPLE – various functions are arranged into a workable pattern. The principle
states that operational unit are responsible for direct accomplishment of the objectives while the
administrative unit are responsible for support or advisory functions to facilitate the capacity of the
operational units.

MODULE 4
INTRODUCTION TO DILG

 DILG traces its roots from the Philippine Revolution of 1897

 DEPARTMENT OF INTERIOR – (March 22, 1897) Established by the Katipunan Government at the
Tejeros Convention.

Stephanie P. B
BSCRIM
LAW ENFORCEMENT ADMINISTRATION AND
ORGANIZATION
 1950 – The Department was abolished and its function were transferred to the Office of Local
Government (Later named as Local Government and Civil Affairs Office) under the Office of the
President.
 PD no. 1 – created the Department of Local Government and Community Development (DLGCD)
 E.O no. 777 – Reorganized DLGCD and renamed as Ministry of Local Government (MLG).
 E.O no. 262 – Renamed as Department of Local Government (DLG).
 RA no. 6975 – DLG went reorganization into what is now known as DILG.

DEPARTMENT OF THE LOCAL AND INTERIOR GOVERNMENT

 Shall be headed by Secretary who shall be appointed by the president subject by the confirmation of the
Commission on Appointments.

POWERS AND FUNCTIONS

 Assist the President in the exercise of general supervision over local governments;
 Advise the President in the promulgation of policies, rules, regulations and other issuances on the
general supervision over local governments and on public order and safety;
 Establish and prescribe rules, regulations and other issuances implementing laws on public order and
safety, the general supervision over local governments and the promotion of local autonomy and
community empowerment and monitor compliance thereof;
 Provide assistance towards legislation regarding local governments, law enforcement and public safety;
 Establish and prescribe plans, policies, programs and projects to promote peace and order, ensure
public safety and further strengthen the administrative, technical and fiscal capabilities of local
government offices and personnel;
 Formulate plans, policies and programs which will meet local emergencies arising from natural and
man-made disasters;
 Establish a system of coordination and cooperation among the citizenry, local executives and the
Department, to ensure effective and efficient delivery of basic services to the public;
 Organize, train and equip primarily for the performance of police functions, a police force that is national
in scope and civilian in character.

MODULE 5
INTRODUCTION TO PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE

POWERS AND FUNCTIONS:

1. Law Enforcement
2. Maintain peace and order.
3. Prevents and investigates crimes and bring offenders to justice.
4. Exercise the vested powers from the Philippine Constitution and pertinent laws.
5. Detain and arrested person for a period not beyond what is prescribed by law.
6. Implements pertinent laws and regulations on firearms and explosives control.
7. Supervise and control the training and operations of security agencies.

PNP MANDATES
Republic Act 6975 entitled An Act Establishing the Philippine National Police under a reorganized Department of
the Interior and Local Government and Other Purposes as amended by RA 8551 Philippine National Police
Reform and
Reorganization Act of 1998 and further amended by RA 9708.

COMPOSITION OF PNP
1. Integrated National Police (INP)
2. Philippine Constabulary
3. NAPOLCOM

PNP OFFICES COMPOSITION

Stephanie P. B
BSCRIM
LAW ENFORCEMENT ADMINISTRATION AND
ORGANIZATION
1. National Office
2. Regional Offices
3. Provincial Offices
4. District Offices
5. City or Municipal Station

AT THE NATIONAL LEVEL - PNP maintain its offices in Metropolitan Manila which houses the Directorial staff,
Services Staff and Special Support Unit.
AT THE REGIONAL LEVEL - PNP have Regional Offices including NCR, headed by a Regional Director for
peace and order.
AT THE PROVINCIAL LEVEL – PNP have Provincial offices headed by a Provincial Director
AT THE CITY OR MUNICIPAL STATIONS – PNP have City Police Offices or Municipal Police Station headed by
a City Director or a Chief of Police.

POSITION RANK

1st in Command Chief of the PNP Police General

2nd in Command Deputy Chief of the PNP for Police Lieutenant General
Administration

3rd in Command Deputy chief of the PNP for Operations Police Lieutenant General

4th in Command Chief of the Directorial Staff Police Lieutenant General

NCR Director Police Major General

Chief of Police Under Municipal Offices Police Major General

Director of the Directorial Staff – heads of the Various Police Major General
Staff Division

Regional Director Police Brigadier General

District Director under NCR District Offices Police Brigadier General

Head of the Administrative and Operational Support Police Brigadier General

Divisions

Inspector General -Head of the Inspectorate Division Police Brigadier General

Provincial Director Police Brigadier General

District Director under District Offices Police Lieutenant Colonel

Chief of Police Under City Offices Police Lieutenant Colonel

Chief of Police Under Municipal Offices Police Major

MODULE 6
PNP APPOINTMENT

POLICE APPOINTMENT – the process of designating a police officer at a particular function, duty, or
responsibility.

Stephanie P. B
BSCRIM
LAW ENFORCEMENT ADMINISTRATION AND
ORGANIZATION
BASED ON 8551 – In-service personnel are given 1 year to satisfy the weight requirement.

APPOINTMENT OF PNP MEMBERS AND OFFICERS

A. PO1 – SPO4
 PNP Regional Director for Regional Level
 Chief of the PNP for National Level

B. INSPECTOR to SUPERINTENDENT
 Appointed by the Chief of the PNP as recommended by their Immediate Superiors.

C. SENIOR SUPERINTENDENT TO DEPUTY DIRECTOR GENERAL

 Appointed by the President upon the recommendation of the Chief of the PNP

D. DIRECTOR GENERAL
 Appointed by the President

GENERAL QUALIFICATION FOR APPOINTMENT INTO THE PNP

• A citizen of the Philippines;

• A person of good moral character;
• Must have passed the Physical Agility Test, Neuro-Psychological Examination, General Physical and Dental
Examination as well as Drug Test to be administered by the PNP for the purpose of determining physical and
mental health;
• Must possess a formal baccalaureate degree from a recognized institution of learning;
• Must be eligible in accordance with the standards set by NAPOLCOM;
• Must have not been dishonorably discharged from military employment or dismissed for cause from any civilian
position in the government;
• Must have not been convicted by final judgment of an offense or crime involving moral turpitude;
• 1.62 m in height for male and 1.57 m for female;
• Must weigh not more or less than 5 kg’s from the standard weight corresponding to his or her height, age, and
sex
• Must not be less than 21 nor more than thirty 30 years of age upon take oath.

WAIVERS FOR INITIAL APPOINTMENT TO THE PNP

AGE – Applicant must not less than 20 Years old nor more than 35 Years old.
HEIGHT – Automatically granted to cultural minorities
WEIGHT – To comply within 6 months
EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT – entered without a baccalaureate degree or possess only at least 72 collegial
units is given 4 years to obtain degree.

STATUS OF PNP APPOINTMENT

1. PERMANENT – Issued to PNP Personnel who successfully completed all the requirements necessary
for the rank.
2. TEMPORARY – Status of a newly recruited PNP Member who meets all the required minimum
qualifications except the training requirement or an applicant entered the PNP via waiver program.

MODULE 7
PNP ATTRITION AND PROMOTION SYSTEM

ATTRITION SYSTEM FOR UNIFORMED PERSONNEL

SECTION 25 – ATTRITION BY ATTAINMENT OF MAXIMUM TENURE IN POSITION -The maximum tenure of

PNP members holding key positions is hereby prescribed as follows:

Stephanie P. B
BSCRIM
LAW ENFORCEMENT ADMINISTRATION AND
ORGANIZATION
POSITION MAXIMUM TENURE

Chief four (4) years

Deputy Chief four (4) years

Director of the Staff Services four (4) years

Regional Directors six (6) years

Provincial/City Directors nine (9) years

SECTION 26. ATTRITION BY RELIEF– a PNP uniformed personnel who has been relieved for just cause and
has not been given an assignment within two (2) years after such relief shall be retired or separated.

SECTION 27. ATTRITION BY DEMOTION IN POSITION OR RANK– Any PNP personnel, civilian or uniformed,
who is relieved and assigned to a position lower than what is established for his or her grade in the PNP staffing
pattern and who shall not be assigned to a position commensurate to his or her grade within eighteen (18)
months after such demotion in position shall be retired or separated.

SECTION 28. ATTRITION BY NON-PROMOTION – Any PNP personnel who has not been promoted for a
continuous period of ten (10) years shall be retired or separated.

SECTION 29. ATTRITION BY OTHER MEANS. – A PNP member or officer with at least five (5) years of
accumulated active service shall be separated based on any of the following factors:

a) Inefficiency based on poor performance during the last two (2) successive annual rating periods;
b) Inefficiency based on poor performance for three (3) cumulative annual rating periods;
c) Physical and/or mental incapacity to perform police functions and duties; or
d) Failure to pass the required entrance examinations twice and/or finish the required career courses
except for justifiable reasons.

KINDS OF PNP PROMOTION

A. PROMOTION BY VIRTUE OF POSITION - Any PNP personnel designated to any key position whose
rank is lower than that which is required for such position shall, after 6 months of occupying the same,
be entitled to a rank adjustment corresponding to the position:

B. REGULAR PROMORION – Granted to police officers who meets the mandatory requirement for
promotion

C. SPECIAL OR MERITORIOUS PROMOTION - Any uniformed member of the PNP who has exhibited
acts of conspicuous courage and gallantry at the risk of his/her life above and beyond the call of duty,
shall be promoted to the next higher rank: Provided, That such acts shall be validated by the
Commission based on established criteria."

MODULE 8
POLICE ADMINISTRATIVE AUTHORITY

A. CITIZEN’S COMPLAINT – any complaint by a natural or juridical person against any member of the
PNP and shall be brought by the following:

*Where the offense is punishable by withholding of privileges, restriction to specified limits, suspension or
forfeiture of Salary, or any combination thereof or for a period

Stephanie P. B
BSCRIM
LAW ENFORCEMENT ADMINISTRATION AND
ORGANIZATION
1. CHIEFS OF POLICE – not exceeding 15 Days
2. MAYORS OF CITIES AND MUNICIPALITIES – not less than 16 days but not more than 30 days
3. PEOPLE’S LAW ENFORCEMENT BOARD - exceeding 30 days

COMPOSITION OF PLEB:
1. Any member of the sangguniang panlungsod/bayan chosen by his respective sanggunian
2. Any barangay captain of the city or municipality concerned chosen by the association of barangay
captains
3. 3 other members who shall be chosen by the peace and order council from among the respected
members of the community known for their probity and integrity, one (1) of whom must be a member of
the Bar or, in the absence thereof, a college graduate, or the principal of the central elementary school
in the locality.

 The sangguniang panlungsod/bayan in every city and municipality shall create such number of
People's Law Enforcement Boards (PLEBs) as may be necessary: Provided
 There shall be at least one (1) PLEB for every five hundred (500) city or municipal police personnel
and for each of the legislative districts in a city.
 The PLEB shall be the central receiving entity for any citizen's complaint against the officers and
members of the PNP.
 The Chairman of the PLEB shall be elected from among its members.
 The term of office of the members of the PLEB shall be for a period of 3 years from assumption of
office.
 Each cases in PLEB shall become final and executory.
 Decision involving demotion or dismissal from the service may be appealed by either party with the
regional appellate board within 10 days from receipt of the copy of decision.

B. INTERNAL DISCUPLINE – On dealing with minor offenses involving internal disciple found to have
been committed by any regular member of their respective commands, the duly designated supervisors
and equivalent officers of the PNP exercise disciplinary powers as follows:

1. CHIEF OF POLICE – may summarily imposed the administrative punishment of admonition

and reprimand for a period not exceed 15 days.
2. PROVINCIAL DIRECTORS – for a period not exceed 30 days.
3. POLICE REGIONAL DIRECTORS – shall have the power to imposed dismissal from service,
admonition and reprimand for a period not exceed 60 days
4. THE CHIEF OF THE PNP – shall have the power to imposed dismissal from service,
suspension or forfeiture of salary for a period not exceeding 180 days and shall have the
authority to place police personnel under restrictive custody during the pendency of a grave
administrative case filed against him.

MODULE 9
INTRODUCTION TO DISCIPLINARY APPELLATE BOARDS AND INTERNAL AFFAIRS SERVICE (IAS)

DISCIPLINARY APPELLATE BOARDS

1. NATIONAL APPELLATE BOARD
 shall be composed of 4 regular commissioners and shall chaired by 1 executive officer
 Consider appeals from decision of the Chief of the PNP
2. REGIONAL APPELLATE BOARD

Stephanie P. B
BSCRIM
LAW ENFORCEMENT ADMINISTRATION AND
ORGANIZATION
 Shall consider appeals from decision of regional directors, other officials, mayors and the
PLEB

 NAB and RAB shall decide the appeal within 60 days from the receipt of the notice of appeal
 Failure of the RAB to act on the appeal within said period shall render the decision final and executory
without prejudice.

INTERNAL AFFAIRS SERVICE

 Headed by INSPECTOR GENERAL ( Civilian and appointed by the president)

 DEPUTY INSPECTOR GENERAL (Uniformed member of PNP with a rank of Police Director)

POWERS & FUNCTIONS:

A. pro-actively conduct inspections and audits on PNP personnel and units

B. Investigate complaints and gather evidence in support of an open investigation
C. Conduct summary hearings on PNP members facing administrative charges
D. Submit a periodic report on the assessment, analysis, and evaluation of the
character and behavior of PNP personnel and units to the Chief PNP and the
Commission
E. File appropriate criminal cases against PNP members before the court as evidence
warrants and assist in the prosecution of the case
F. Provide assistance to the Office of the Ombudsman in cases involving the
personnel of the PNP.

The IAS shall also conduct, motu proprio, automatic investigation of the following cases:

A. Incidents where a police personnel discharges a firearm

B. Incidents where death, serious physical injury, or any violation of human rights occurred in the
conduct of a police operation

C. Incidents where evidence was compromised, tampered with, obliterated, or lost while in the
custody of police personnel

D. Incidents where a suspect in the custody of the police was seriously injured

E. Incidents where the established rules of engagement have been violated. automatic
investigation of the following cases:

MODULE 10
ORGANIZATION AND KEY POSITION OF BFP AND BJMP

 RA 9263 – BFP and BJMP Professionalization Act of 2004

 RA 9592 – An act extending for 5 years the reglementary period for complying with the minimum
educational qualification and appropriate eligibility in the BFP and BJMP
 RA 11589 – BFP Modernization Act
 RA 9514 – Fire Code of the Philippines
 RA 6975 – Created the PNP, BFP AND BJMP as a line bureau under DILG

BFP & BJMP

 Headed by a Chief
 Assisted by 1 Deputy Chiefs each for Administration and Operation
 All appointed by the President
 Upon the recommendation of DILG Secretary
 With at least a rank of Senior Superintendent
 Shall serve a tour of duty not to exceed 4 years

Stephanie P. B
BSCRIM
LAW ENFORCEMENT ADMINISTRATION AND
ORGANIZATION

POSITION TITLE

First Officers in Command Chief of the Fire Bureau & Chief of the Jail Bureau

Second Officers in Command Deputy Chief for Administration of the Fire Bureau &
Deputy Chief for Administration of the Jail Bureau

Third Officers in Command Deputy Chief for Operation of BFP &

Deputy Chief for Operation of BJMP

Fourth Officers in Command Chief of directorial staff of BFP &

Chief of Directorial staff of BJMP

Assistant of Fourth Officers in Command Director of the Directorates

For Regional Offices Regional Director for Fire Protection &

Regional Director for Jail Management and Penology

Assisted the Regional Directors Regional Director for Administration

Assistant Regional Director for Operations
Regional Chief of Directorial Staff

 56 – Age Compulsory Retirement

TYPES OF ELIGIBILITY
1. Civil Service Commission (CS) 2nd Level
2. RA 1080 (Passers of Board Exam)
3. PD 907 (Honor Graduate Eligibility)

ATTRITION SYSTEM FOR THE UNIFORRMED PERSONNEL OF THE BFP AND BJMP (SEC. 9 of RA 9263)

A. ATTRITION BY DEMOTION IN POSITION OR RANK - relieved and

assigned to a position lower than that is established for his/her grade in the
respective staffing pattern shall not be assigned to a position commensurate
to his/her grade within 2 years after such demotion in position shall be
separated or retired from the service

B. ATTRITION BY NON- PROMOTION – has not been promoted for a

continuous period of ten (10) years shall be separated or retired from the
service.

1) ATTRITION BY OTHER MEANS - with at least five (5) years of

accumulated active service shall be separated from the service

REQUIREMENT FOR PROMOTION ( SECTION 2 OF RA 9592)

1. Any personnel of the BFP and the BJMP shall not eligible for promotion to a higher rank unless
he/she has met the minimum qualification standards or the appropriate civil service eligibility
set by the CSC, and has the satisfactorily passed the required psychiatric/psychological, drug
and physical test

2. Any personnel of the BFP and the BJMP who has exhibited act of conspicuous courage and
gallantry at the risk his/her life above and beyond the call of duty, or selected as such in a
nationwide search conducted by any accredited civic organization, shall be promoted to the
next higher rank, Provided, That these shall be validated by the DILG and the CSC based on
established criteria.

MODULE 12

Stephanie P. B
BSCRIM
LAW ENFORCEMENT ADMINISTRATION AND
ORGANIZATION
DEVELOPMENT OF NBI AND ITS FUNCTION

 COMMONWEALTH ACT NO. 181 – created the Division of Investigation under the Department of
Justice.
 RA No. 157 – Bureau of Investigation patterned after the FBI in organization’s, functions and
Objectives.
 EO No. 94 – renamed into National Bureau of Investigation
 RA 10867 – An act reorganizing and modernizing the NBI

NBI
 A government entity that is civilian in nature and national in scope which is under the
Department of Justice
 Serve as the premier investigative agency of the government
 Headed by a Director
 Shall establish a Regional Office in every regional to be headed by a Regional Director
 And district offices in every province to be headed by a Head Agent.

ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE OF NBI

A. Office of the director
B. Office of the deputy director for Administration
C. Office of the deputy director for operations
D. Offices of the assistant directors for:
 Investigation Service
 Intelligence Service
 Comptroller Service
 Human Resource and Management Service
 Forensic and Scientific Research Service
 Legal Service
 ICT Service

Section 5 OF R.A 10867 JURISDICTION OF NBI

1. Human Trafficking cases in all airports in the Philippines;

2. Extrajudicial/Extra-legal killings committed by the state’s security forces against media practitioners and
activists;
3. Killings of justices and judges;
4. Violation of Republic Act No. 10175, otherwise known as the “Cybercrime Prevention Act”;
5. Cases referred by the Inter-Agency Anti-Graft Coordinating Council (IAGCC);
6. Violations of the Anti-Dummy Law;
7. Cases involving threats to security or assaults against the persons of the President, Vice President,
Senate President, Speaker of the House of Representatives, and Chief Justice of the Supreme Court;
8. Transnational crimes pursuant to existing international agreements;
9. Identification of the dead/victims in case of mass fatality incidents caused by natural disasters; and
10. Violations of commercial, economic, and financial or white-collar crimes.

SECTION 6 OF RA 10867 THE NBI DIRECTOR AND OTHER OFFICIALS

 The NBI Director shall be appointed by the President and shall have the rank, salary, and benefits
equivalent to that of an Undersecretary. No person shall be appointed Director unless he or she is a
member of the Philippine Bar who has been engaged in the practice of law for at least 15 years.

 The Assistant Regional Directors to Deputy Directors shall likewise be appointed by the President of the
Philippines, coming from the ranks of the NBI, upon the recommendation of the Secretary of Justice.

 No person shall be appointed Deputy Director or Regional director unless he is a member of the
Philippine Bar who has been engaged in the practice of law for at least 10 years for the Deputy Director
and for at least 5 years for the Regional Director.

Stephanie P. B
BSCRIM
LAW ENFORCEMENT ADMINISTRATION AND
ORGANIZATION
MODULE 14
DESCRIBING THE ORGANIZATION OF PHILIPPINE DRUG ENFORCEMENT AGENCY (PDEA)

 RA 9165 – created the PDEA also known as “The Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act of
2002”
 Implementing arm of Dangerous Drug Board (DDB)
 Officially activated on July 30, 2002
 Headed by Director General with a rank equivalent to an Undersecretary, appointed by the
President.
 The Director General shall be assisted by 2 Deputy Director General, with a rank of Assistant
Secretary, who appointed by the president upon the recommendation of the Board.

PDEA ACADEMY
 Shall be responsible in the recruitment and training of all PDEA agents and personnel.
 Headed by a Superintendent with a rank of Director appointed by PDEA Director General.

MODULE 15
INTRODUCTION TO DEPARTMENT OF NATIONAL DEFENSE

MANDATE:
Guard the Country against external and internal threats to national peace and security, promote the welfare of
soldiers and veterans, and provide support for social and economic development.

 COMMONWEALTH ACT NO.1 – created the Council of National Defense to advise the president on all
matters pertaining to national defense Policy. Also known as the “National Defense Act”
 COMMONWEALTH ACT NO.430 – Created the Department of National Defense
 E.O NO. 94 – charged the DND with the duty of supervising the National Defense program of the
country.
 E.O NO. 292 – directed the DND to exercise executive supervision over the AFP, OCD, PVAO, NDCP,
and the GA.

AGENCIES ATTACHED TO DND:

1. ARMED FORCES OF THE PHILIPPINES

– Military forces of the Philippines.
– Consist of 3 Main service branch : Army, Air force, Navy
– The President of the Philippines is the Commander in Chief
– “Army: “Serving the People, Securing the land”
– Navy: “Protecting the seas, securing our future”
– Air force: “Guardians of our Precious skies, bearers of hope”
2. GOVERNMENT ARSENAL

 Designs and manufactures small arms, mortars, and other ammunition for use of the AFP.
 RA 1884 – created the Government Arsenal
 E.O NO. 303 – mandated the AFP, PNP, and other law enforcement agencies to source their small-arm
ammunition from the Government Arsenal.

3. NATIONAL DEFENSE COLLEGE OF THE PHILIPPINES

 And educational, training and research agency of the Philippine Government located
inside Camp General Emilio Aguinaldo, Quezon City
 It is responsible for providing continued and intensive studies of the diverse problems
relating to national defense and security.
 PD NO. 190 – created the NDCP

4. OFFICE OF CIVIL DEFENSE

 Implementing arm of NDRRMC

Stephanie P. B
BSCRIM
LAW ENFORCEMENT ADMINISTRATION AND
ORGANIZATION
 Shall have the primary mission of administering a comprehensive National Defense
and disaster risk.
 It supervises, monitors, and evaluates the implementation of disaster management
programs to ensure their effectiveness.
 RA 1190 – created the Office of Civil Defense Act. Also known as the “Civil Defense
act”
 PD NO. 1 – Provided for the mandate of the OCD
 PD 1566 – Designed OCD as the executive arm and secretariat of the National
Disaster Coordinating Council

5. PHILIPPINE VETERANS AFFAIRS OFFICE

 Administers veteran’s benefits, implement programs and projects to enhance their

general welfare and institutes measures to memorialized their patriotism and heroism.
 Oversees the administration and development of military shrines
 COMMONWEALTH ACT NO. 288 – created the Board of Pensions for Veterans
 RA 65 – created the Philippine Veterans board, providing for the Filipino Veterans Bill
of Rights.
 PD 1 – merged the Veterans Claims Commission, Veterans Back pay Commission
and Philippine Veterans Administration
 PD 1076 – consolidated and integrated the PVAO

MODULE 16
FUNTIONS OF DOTS AND ITS ATTACHED AGENCIES

DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION

 The primary policy, planning, programming, coordinating and administrative entity of the executive
branch of the government of the promotion, development and regulation of network of transportation .

RA 10844 – An act creating the Department of Information and Communications Technology, defining it’s power
and functions and renaming DOTC to Department of Transportation.

E.O NO. 125 – “Reorganizing the Ministry of Transportation and Communications”

EO NO. 546 – “Creating a ministry of Public Works and a Ministry of Transportation and Communications”

SECTORIAL OFFICES

ROAD TRANSPORT

1. LAND TRANSPORTATION OFFICE (LTO)

 Promotes the safety and comfort of the traveling public with respect to motor vehicles.
 Tasked with collecting various fees from the registration of motor vehicles, issuance of licenses and
license plates numbers, collection of fined and penalties for motor vehicle

2. LAND TRANSPORTATION FRANCHISING AND REGULATORY BOARD (LTFRB)

 Mandated under the law to regulate land-based public transportation and to safeguard the welfare and
interest of the commuting public
 Issue franchises for land transport operators
 Headed by Office of the Chairman/Board Members
 Followed by Office of the Executive Director

MARITIME TRANSPORT

1. PHILIPPINE COAST GUARD

Stephanie P. B
BSCRIM
LAW ENFORCEMENT ADMINISTRATION AND
ORGANIZATION
 Armed and uniformed service primarily with enforcing all applicable laws within the
Philippine Waters
 Conducting maritime operations
 Safeguarding of life and property at sea

MODULE 17
ESTABLISHMENT OF OFFICE FOR TRANSPORTATION SECURITY

 Headed by Office of the Administrator

 Followed by Office of the Deputy Administrator
 EO NO. 277 - created the Office for Transportation Security under the DOTC
 EO NO. 312 – expanded the powers and functions of OTS
 Mandated as the single authority responsible for the security of the transportation systems of the
country including the:

1. CIVIL AVIATION
 By ensuring that Annex 17 is Implemented
 Annex 17 – “The Chicago Aviation” also known as “Aviation Security”

2. SEA TRANSPORT & MARITIME INFRASTRUCTURE

 By ensuring the ISPS Code is Implemented
 ISPS Code – “International Ship and Port Facility Security code”

3. LAND TRANSPORTATION, RAIL SYSTEM & INFRASTRUCTURE

 By ensuring that a national security program is Implemented

MODULE 18
PHILIPPINE COAST GUARD

ACT NO. 266

 Created the Bureau of Coast Guard and Transportation by the Insular Government through the
Philippine Commission
 Under the Department of Commerce and Police
 The Captain of the port as the Bureau Director

BUREAU OF NAVIGATION
 Taken over the functions of BCGT when abolished

BUREAU OF CUSTOM & BUREAU OF PUBLIC WORKS

 Functions and Organization were transferred to them by the Bureau of Navigation

RA 5173 – Created the Philippine Coast Guard as a major unit of Philippine Navy and tasked to preserve the
maritime sovereignty over the island.

EO 477 – PCG obtained autonomy and became a civilian line function agency attached to the DOTC

FUNCTIONS OF PCG

1. MARITIME SAFETY – designed to help prevent or minimize unnecessary loss of lives and
property at sea. Also responsible in issuing permits and supervises marine salvage operations.
Mandated to destroy or tow floating hazards such as illegal fish traps and vessels.
2. MARITIME SECURITY – contributes to maintain good order at see by conducting regular
patrols and surveillance for the safety and navigation of ships. Mandated to secure exploration
and resource utilization activities within the country’s maritime jurisdiction.
3. MARITIME SEARCH AND RESCUE – The National Maritime search and rescue service of the
Country and maintains constantly manned-watch centers that operate 24 hours a day.

Stephanie P. B
BSCRIM
LAW ENFORCEMENT ADMINISTRATION AND
ORGANIZATION
4. MARITIME LAW ENFORCEMENT - implement laws on fisheries, immigration, tariff and
custom, forestry, firearms and explosive, human trafficking, dangerous drug and controlled
chemicals.
5. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION – Responsible for the implementation of the
conventions with regards to oil pollution, prevention, mitigation and control through the conduct
of marine pollution monitoring and control.

MODULE 19
INDENTIFYING THE FUNCTIONS OF BUREAU OF IMMIGRATION (BI)

 Responsible for the administration and enforcement of Immigration, citizenship, and alien admission and
registrations laws
 Plays a role in the enforcement of RA 9108 also knowns as the “Anti-Trafficking in Persons Act of
20023”
 Headed by the Office of Commissioner

RA 562 – Alien Registration Act of 1950

RA 9225 – Citizenship and retention and reacquisition Act of 2003
RA 9139 – Administrative Naturalization Law of 200
RA 8756 – Ombudsman Investment Code of 1987

HISTORY
ACT NO. 702 – started as a Division of the Bureau of Customs during the American Regime.
1937 – transferred as a Division of the Bureau of Labor
COMMONWEALTH ACT NO. 613 – “The Philippine Immigration Act of 1940” Creating the Bureau of Immigration
under the Office of the President
EO NO. 292 – “Administrative Code of 1987” renamed the Office as Bureau of Immigration under the DOJ by
Corazon Aquino

MODUEL 20
DESCRIBING THE FUNCTIONS OF BUREAU OF
CUSTOMS

 An attached agency of the Department Of Finance, charged with assessing and collecting customs
revenues, curbing illicit trade and all forms of Customs fraud, and facilitating trade through an efficient
and effective customs management system
 Headed by Customs Commissioner appointed by the President
 Assisted by 6 Deputy Commissioner and 1 assistant Commissioner and 17, District Collector who
supervise the country’s ports of entry.

BUREAU OF CUSTOMS AND IMMIGRATION – created under the Department of Finance and Justice during
American Regime

COMMONWEALTH ACT NO. 613 – forming the BI as a separate office from the Bureau of Customs

RA NO. 1947 – “Tariff Law of the Republic of the Philippines” amended by:

RA NO. 10863 – “Customs Modernization And Tariff Act (CMTA)

1. INTERNAL ADMINISTRATION GROUP (IAG)

 Assists the Commissioner in the formulation of policies and in the setting up of objectives relative to
financial, administrative, personnel and management.
2. REVENUE COLLECTION MONITORING GROUP (RCMG)
 Maintains an accounting of revenues collected, administers the legal requirements of the BOC,
provides information and analysis of collection statistics
3. ASSESSMENT AND OPERATIONS COORDINATION GROUP (AOCG)

Stephanie P. B
BSCRIM
LAW ENFORCEMENT ADMINISTRATION AND
ORGANIZATION
 Gathers and publishes values of commodities imported into the country and monitors
implementation of rules and regulations governing assessment, end processing of Goods for
exports, warehousing…
4. INTELLIGENCE GROUP
 Gathers intelligence information related to customs and economic activities
5. ENFORCEMENT GROUP
 Exercise police authority to secure the country’s ports and Bureau of Customs Installation and to
protect the cargoes and properties inside the Customs zone.
6. MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM AND TECHNOLOGY GROUP
 Assume direct management and control of IT Facilities and services after the conclusion of the
Transitional facilities management
 Headed by Deputy Commissioner who is responsible for overall supervision of the different
operating units.
7. POST CLEARANCE AUDIT GROUP
 Formerly known as Post Entry Audit Group
 Created under EO 160 of 2003
 Tasked to perform post-clearance audit work of the BOC.
 Headed by Assistant Commissioner who has direct supervision and control over the management of the
operating units of PACG
8. COLLECTION DISTRICTS
 Collects duties, taxes and other charges accruing the government
 Supervise the entrance and clearance of vessels engaged in Commerce
 Supervises and control handling of mail, all import and export cargoes .
 Headed by a District Collector

MODULE 21
MANDATE AND ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE OF DA & DENR

DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE –
 responsible for the promotion of agricultural development by providing the police framework, public
investment, and support services needed for domestic and export-oriented business enterprises.
 Headed by the Office of the Secretary

BUREAUS

1. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE AND TRAINING – Lead in the formulation of the National

Agriculture and Fisheries Extension (AFE) agenda and budget.
2. BUREAU OF AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH (BAR) – tasked to coordinate agricultural research and to
ensure the application of it’s potential to improving sector.
3. BUREAU OF AGRICULTURAL AND FISHERIES ENGINEERING – mandated to monitor the
implementation of the National Agricultural Plan of the Department of Agriculture.
4. BUREAU OF ANIMAL INDUSTRY – to make the animal industry productive and profitable under
sustainable environment trough policies, programs and research on animal production.
5. BUREAU OF AGRICULTURE AND FISHERIES STANDARD – to develop standards and regulations
that are science-based
6. BUREAU OF FISHERIES AND ACQUARIC RESOURCES (BFAR) – Responsible for the development,
management and conservation of the country’s fisheries and aquatic resources.
7. BUREAU OF PLANT INDUSTRY – to ensure availability of quality seed, safety of plant food and etc.
8. BUREAU OF SOILS AND WATER MANAGEMENT – To ensure effective soil, Land and water
resources utilization by undertaking projects and research.

DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT AND NATURAL RESOURCES

Stephanie P. B
BSCRIM
LAW ENFORCEMENT ADMINISTRATION AND
ORGANIZATION
 Responsible for the conservation, management, development and proper use of the country’s
environment and natural resources.
 Headed by Secretary, 5 Undersecretary and 7 assistant secretary

MODULE 22
MANDATE AND FUNCTIONS OF DENR AND OTHER RELATED LAWS

BUREAUS

1. ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT BUREAU

 EO 192 – mandated to provide research and laboratory services and serve as secretariat in the
adjudication of pollution cases
 EO 320 – designated as the secretariat of the Designated National Authority for CDM
 PD 1586 – “Environment Impact Statement System” EIA is a planning and management tool that
will help address the negative consequences or risk of environment.
 RA 6969 – “Toxic Substance and Hazardous and Nuclear Waste Control act of 1990” Aims to
regulate strict or prohibit the importation, manufacture, sale, processing or use of chemical
substances.
 RA 8749 – “Clean Air Act of 1999” aims to achieve and maintain clean air that meets the National
Air Quality guidelines values for criteria pollutants through the Philippines.
 RA 9003 – “Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000” aims to adopt systematic,
comprehensive and ecological solid waste management program.
 RA 9275 – “Philippine Clean Water Act of 20024” aims to protect the country’s water bodies from
pollution .
 RA 9512 – “Environmental Awareness and Education Act of 2008” provides for the promotion of
environmental awareness thought environmental education.
2. FOREST MANAGEMENT BUREAU
 Provides technical guidance to the central and field offices for the effective protection, development
and conservation of forestland and watershed.
3. LAND MANAGEMENT BUREAU
 Shall absorb functions and powers of the Bureau of Lands
 To be headed a Director and Assisted by an Assistant Director who shall advise the secretary
pertaining to rational land classification management.
4. BIODIVERSITY MANAGEMENT BUREAU
 Establishing and managing Protected Areas
 Conserving Wildlife
5. THE ECOSYSTEMS RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT BUREAU
 The principal research and development unit of DENR
 Created under the EO 192
 Located at the University Of Los Baños College of Forestry and Natural Resources campus in the
Province of Laguna
6. MINES AND GEO-SCIENCES BUREAU
 Responsible for the administration and disposition of mineral lands and mineral resources
 Created by EO 192 as a staff bureau of the reorganized DENR
 RA 7942 – Philippine Mining Act of 1995

Stephanie P. B
BSCRIM
LAW ENFORCEMENT ADMINISTRATION AND
ORGANIZATION
BASIC TERMINOLOGIES IN RELATION TO POLICE PLANING

A. Authority - Is the right to command and control a behavior.

B. Delegation of Authority - Is the act of a person, higher in authority, conferring
power, Authority, duty, or responsibility to the lower authority.
C. Manage - To manage is to direct or conduct the affairs or interest of various units.
D. Organizing - Is the act of systematically arranging different units in hierarchical
order in order to perform specific functions in achieving desired objectives.
E. Organization - is an association of human beings to attain a specific goal or
objective. For an organization to be successful, it must be both effective and
efficient.
F. Police Accountability - Is the inherent responsibility of a police organization to be
answerable for misconducts committed by its members.
G. Police Administration - Is an organizational process concerned with the
determination of the objectives and plans, and internal operating efficiency of the
police organization
H. Police Functions - Refers to the duties and responsibilities carried out by police
agencies concerning public order and public safety.
I. Police Management -is the act of administering, controlling, or handling various
aspects of police organization.
J. Police Organization -is a number of police units systematically arranged for some
purpose or objective.
K. Police Power -is the inherent power of the government to impose reasonable
restrictions on the liberties of its citizens for the maintenance of public order and
safety.

Take Note: The other inherent powers of the government are the power of taxation and the power of
eminent domain.

Stephanie P. B
BSCRIM