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1 A student lifts a 5.0 kg object from the floor onto a table. He does 75 J of work on the object in lifting
it onto the table.

State the amount of gravitational potential energy gained by the object due to being lifted onto the
table.

gravitational potential energy gained by object = .................................................... J [1]

[Total: 1]

2 The diagram shows two identical metal blocks, A and B, being lifted 3.0 m from ground level.

Block A is lifted by a motor. Block B is lifted by a person.

block A block B
mass = 70 kg mass = 70 kg
3.0 m
ground
electric level
motor

Both blocks are lifted at the same steady speed. The blocks are then held at a height of 3.0 m.

(a) Compare the energy gained by block A with the energy gained by block B.

........................................................................................................................................... [1]

(b) Explain why the energy input to the motor is more than the energy gained by block A.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................................... [2]

[Total: 3]
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3 Apart from cost, state two disadvantages of generating electricity using wind turbines compared
with using a power station that burns coal.

1. ..............................................................................................................................................

2. .............................................................................................................................................. [2]

[Total: 2]

4 A sound wave used for a medical examination has a frequency of 1.5 MHz.

State and explain what type of sound wave this is.

..................................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................. [2]

[Total: 2]

5 Explain why sound travels faster in water than in air.

.................................................................................................................................................. [1]

[Total: 1]

6 Complete the following sentences.

An echo is the name for a reflected .................................................................. wave.

The waves that form an echo are a type of longitudinal wave. Longitudinal waves are

made up of .................................................................. and rarefactions. [2]

[Total: 2]
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7 A sound wave of frequency 0.120 kHz travels through a rock at a speed of 3500 m / s.

The wave travels from the rock into the air.

State and explain whether the wave will be audible to a healthy human ear.

statement .................................................................................................................................

explanation ...............................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................. [2]

[Total: 2]

8 The red light produced by a laser is monochromatic.

The red light from the laser hits the curved surface of a semicircular transparent plastic block at
point P and passes into the plastic.

The red light travels through the plastic and hits the straight edge of the block at its midpoint M.
The diagram shows that some of the light is reflected and that some light travels in the air along
the straight edge of the plastic block.

laser
reflected light

P
red light
plastic block

37°

Explain why the red light does not change direction as it enters the plastic block.

..................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................. [2]

[Total: 2]

9 A clock is illuminated by a source of monochromatic green light.

State the meaning of monochromatic.

.................................................................................................................................................. [1]
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[Total: 1]

10 A musical instrument emits a sound with a frequency of 4.4 kHz. The frequency of the sound emitted
by the instrument is changed to 5.1 kHz and the amplitude of the sound is increased.

Without calculation, state what happens to

1. the speed of the sound ........................................................................................................

2. the wavelength of the sound................................................................................................. [2]

[Total: 2]

11 The temperature of the air in a sealed glass container is increased.

Explain, in terms of molecules, why the pressure of the air also increases.

..................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................. [2]

[Total: 2]

12 Explain, in terms of molecules, how sweating helps to cool your body on a hot day.

..................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................. [3]

[Total: 3]

13 A fixed mass of gas of volume V1 is at a pressure p1. It is compressed to a volume V2.

(a) Complete the equation for the final pressure p2 of the gas when the gas is compressed at
constant temperature.

p2 =

[2]
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(b) State and explain how the final pressure compares with p2 when the temperature of the gas
increases during compression.

statement...........................................................................................................................

explanation........................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................................... [3]

[Total: 5]

14 The diagram shows three boxes, A, B and C.

Box B shows the arrangement of particles in a liquid.

(a) In box A, draw the arrangement of particles in a solid. [1]

(b) In box C, draw the arrangement of particles in a gas. [1]

[Total: 2]

15 Write the correct term for each change of state below each arrow in the diagram.

[2]

[Total: 2]