1

1 The diagram shows the position of a man working in a rock quarry. A single explosion is used to
break part of one rock face.

(a) Explain why the man sees the flash of the explosion before he hears the bang.

...........................................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................................... [1]

(b) The man hears a second bang shortly after the first bang.

(i) State the name given to this second bang.

................................................................................................................................ [1]

(ii) State how the second bang compares with the first bang in terms of its amplitude and
speed.

amplitude ..............................................................................................................

speed .................................................................................................................... [2]

(c) The man stands 170 m from the back rock face. The time between hearing the first bang and
hearing the second bang is 1.0 s.

Use the information in the diagram to determine the speed of sound in the quarry.

speed of sound = .................................................. m / s [3]

[Total: 7]

2 This question is about measuring the speed of sound in air.

A student stands in front of a large wall. She hits a drum and hears an echo. The diagram shows
the position of the student and the wall.
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(a) (i) State the name of a piece of equipment for measuring the distance from the student to
the wall.

................................................................................................................................ [1]
(ii) Explain how sound forms an echo.

................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................ [1]

(b) The student hits her drum repeatedly once per second. She walks away from the wall and
listens for the echo. When the student is 170 m from the wall she hears the echo from one
beat of the drum at the same time as the next beat of the drum.

Use this information to determine the speed of sound. State the unit.

speed = ........................... [4]

[Total: 6]

3 Sound travels as a wave.

Complete each sentence.

Sound is produced when an object .............................. .

An echo is produced when sound is .............................. from a hard surface.

Compared with a quiet sound, a loud sound always has a greater ........................... .

Compared with a high pitched sound, a low pitched sound always has a smaller ....................... .

Waves transfer energy without transferring ............................................................................. .

[5]
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[Total: 5]

4 Humans, elephants, mice and dolphins have different hearing ranges. The diagram shows the
hearing range for each type of animal.

(a) State the lowest frequency of sound that can be heard by mice.

.................................................................................................................................... H z [1]

(b) State the highest frequency of sound that can be heard by elephants.

.................................................................................................................................... H z [1]

(c) Explain how the chart shows that elephants can hear some sounds that humans cannot hear.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................................... [2]

(d) State the term given to the high frequencies that dolphins can hear but humans cannot hear.

........................................................................................................................................... [1]

[Total: 5]

5 The diagram shows some equipment used in a demonstration.

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The glass jar is connected to a vacuum pump. The electric bell is switched on. The observers see
and hear the bell working.

(a) The vacuum pump removes air from the glass jar. State what the observers see and what they
hear after the air is removed.

observers see ...................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

observers hear .................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................................... [2]

(b) State what the demonstration in (a) shows about the transmission of sound waves.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................................... [2]

(c) When the bell is working, the hammer strikes the gong. Describe how the gong produces the
sound.

...........................................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................................... [1]

[Total: 5]
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6 The diagram shows a relay.

Circuit A contains a switch that operates the motor in circuit B when it is closed.

The soft-iron armature is replaced with a steel armature. The switch in circuit A is closed.

Explain what happens when the switch in circuit A is then opened.

..................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................. [2]

[Total: 2]

7 Describe how to demagnetise a bar magnet using alternating current (a.c.) in a coil.

..................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................. [3]

[Total: 3]
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8 A student wants to demagnetise a permanent bar magnet. She suggests these steps.

1. Place the magnet in a long coil.

2. Switch on a large alternating current in the coil.

3. Switch off the current.

4. Remove the bar from the coil.

State and explain whether the steps will always be able to demagnetise the magnet.

..................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................. [3]

[Total: 3]

9 The diagram shows an electric door lock.

The slot in the door contains an unmagnetised iron bolt attached to a spring.
The slot in the door frame is empty. This slot is surrounded by the coils of a solenoid.

In the diagram the door is unlocked. The spring is not stretched.

In the following diagram the door is locked. The spring is now stretched.
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The bolt is initially in the position shown in the first diagram.

Describe and explain what happens when

(a) the switch S is closed,

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................................... [4]

(b) the switch S is reopened.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................................... [2]

[Total: 6]

10 A physics teacher suspends two pointers in a magnetic field. One pointer is made of brass and the
other is a magnet.

She holds the pointers in the initial positions shown in the two upper circles of the figure. She then
releases the pointers.
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brass pointer
N pole of S pole of
magnet magnet

S
arrows show
direction of
strong
magnetic
field

draw final position of brass draw final position of

pointer in this circle magnet in this circle

(a) In the lower circles of the figure, draw the settled final positions of the two pointers. [2]

(b) Suggest a material from which the magnet is made.

........................................................................................................................................... [1]

[Total: 3]

11 The diagram shows two bar magnets on a piece of card.

card

bar magnet bar magnet

Describe an experiment to show the pattern of the magnetic field between the bar magnets.

..................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................. [3]
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[Total: 3]

12 The diagram shows an arrangement that can produce a magnet.

iron rod

coil of insulated wire

(a) State the name given to the type of magnet in the diagram.

........................................................................................................................................... [1]

(b) Suggest an advantage of this type of magnet in comparison with other types of magnet.

...........................................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................................... [1]

[Total: 2]