KINEMATICS

1. A particle is moving along a curve. Then

(a) If its speed is constant it has no acceleration.
(b) If its speed is increasing the acceleration of the particle is along its direction of motion.
(c) If its speed is constant the magnitude of its acceleration is proportional to its curvature.
(d) The direction of its acceleration cannot be along the tangent.

2. A block is thrown with a velocity of 2 ms-2 (relative to ground) on a belt, which is moving with
velocity 4 ms-1 in opposite direction of the initial velocity of block. If the block stops slipping on
the belt after 4 s of the throwing then chose the correct statement (s)
(a) Displacement with respect to ground is zero after 2.66 and magnitude of displacement with
respect to ground is 12 m after 4 seconds.
(b) Magnitude of displacement with respect to ground in 4 s is 4 m.
(c) Magnitude of displacement with respect to ground in 4 s is 12 m.
(d) Displacement with respect to ground in zero in 8/3 s.

3. A particle has initial velocity 10 m/s. It moves due to constant retarding force along the line of
velocity which produces a retardation of 5 m/s2. Then
(a) The maximum displacement in the direction of initial velocity is 10 m.
(b) The distance travelled in first 3 second is 7.5 m.
(c) The distance travelled in first 3 second is 12.5 m.
(d) The distance travelled in first 3 second is 17.5 m.

4. v-t graph of an object of mass 1 kg is shown v(m/s)

(a) Net work done on the object in 30 s is zero.
(b) The average acceleration of the object is zero. 20
(c) The average velocity of the object is zero.
10
(d) The average force on the object is zero.
t(s)
10 20 30

5. Velocity-time graph for a car is semicircle as shown here. Which of v

the following is correct :
(a) Car must move in circular path. 1m/s
(b) Acceleration of car is never zero.
(c) Mean speed of the particle is p/4 m/s. 2s
(d) The car makes a turn once during its motion.

6. Mark the correct statements for a particle going on a straight line

(a) If the velocity is zero at any instant, the acceleration should also be zero at that instant.
(b) If the velocity is zero for a time interval, the acceleration is zero at any instant within the
time interval.
(c) If the velocity and acceleration have opposite sign, the object is slowing down.
(d) If the position and velocity have opposite sign, the particle is moving towards the origin.
7. From the velocity time graph of a particle moving in straight line v
decide which of the following is incorrect statement.
(a) The particle crosses its initial position.
(b) The speed of the particle increases continuously.
(c) The force on the particle is constant. t
(d) The acceleration of the particle is constant.

8. A particle initially at rest is subjected to two forces. One is constant; the other is a retarding force
proportional to the particle velocity. In the subsequent motion of the particle :
(a) The acceleration will increase from zero to a constant value.
(b) The acceleration will decrease from its initial value to zero.
(c) The velocity will increase from zero to maximum and then decrease.
(d) The velocity will increase from zero to a constant value.

9. A particle moves in a circle of radius R, with a constant speed v. Then, during a time interval
[pR/3v], which of the following is true ?
(a) |average acceleration| = 3v2/pR (b) |average velocity| = 3v/p
(c) |average acceleration| = 2v2/pR (d) average speed = 3v/p.

10. An observer moves with a constant speed along the line joining two stationary objects. He will
observer that the two objects
(a) Have the same speed (b) Have the same velocity
(c) Move in the same direction (d) Move in opposite directions.
! !
11. Let v and a denote the velocity and acceleration respectively of a body in one-dimensional
motion
! !
(a) | v | must decrease when a < 0 .
!
(b) Speed must increase when a > 0 .
! !
(c) Speed will increase when both v and a are < 0.
! !
(d) Speed will decrease when v < 0 and a > 0.

12. The figure shows the velocity (v) of a particle plotted against time (t) +v0
(a) The particle changes its direction of motion at some point. v
(b) The acceleration of the particle remains constant. T
(c) The displacement of the particle is zero. O
2T
(d) The initial and final speeds of the particle are the same. t

–v0

13. Which of the following statements are true for a moving body?
(a) If its speed changes, is velocity must change and it must have some acceleration.
(b) It its velocity changes, its speed must change and it must have some acceleration.
(c) it its velocity changes, its speed may or may not change, and it must have some acceleration.
(d) If its speed changes but direction of motion does not change, its velocity may remain
constant.

14. Let v and a denote the velocity and acceleration respectively of a body
(a) a can be non zero when v = 0.
(b) a must be zero when v = 0.
 (c) a may be zero when v ¹ 0.
(d) The direction of a must have some correlation with the direction of v.

15. The displacement x of a particle depends on time t as x = at2 - bt3

a
(a) Particle will return to its starting point after time .
b
2a
(b) The particle will come to rest after time .
3b
(c) The initial velocity of the particle was zero but its initial acceleration was not zero.
a
(d) No net force act on the particle at time .
3b

16. A projectile of mass 1 kg is projected with a velocity of 20 m/s such that it strikes on the same
level as the point of projection at a distance of 3 m. Which of the following options are
incorrect?
(a) The maximum height reached by the projectile can be 0.25 m.
(b) The minimum velocity during its motion can be 15 m/s.
3
(c) The time taken for the flight can be s.
5
(d) Maximum potential energy during its motion can be 6 J.

17. Choose the correct alternative (s)

(a) If the greatest height to which a man can throw a stone is h, then the greatest horizontal upto
which he can throw the stone is 2h.
(b) The angle of projection for a projectile motion whose range R is n times the maximum
height is tan-1(4/n).
(c) The time of flight T and the horizontal range R of a projectile are connected by the equation
gT2 =2Rtanq where q is the angle of projection.
(d) A ball is thrown vertically up. Another ball is thrown at an angle q with the vertical. Both of
them remain in air for the same period of time. Then the ratio of heights attained by two
balls 1 : 1.

18. A beak is free to slide down a smooth wire tightly stretched between A
point A and B on a vertical circle. If the bead starts from rest at A, the q
highest point on the circle
(a) Its velocity v on arriving at B is proportional to cos q. B
(b) Its velocity v on arriving at B is proportional to tan q.
(c) Time to arrive at B is proportional to cos q.
(d) Time to arrive at B is independent of q.

19. If T is the total time flight, h is the maximum height and R is the range for horizontal motion, the
x and y co-ordinates of projectile motion and time t are related as :
æ t öæ tö æ X öæ X ö
(a) y = 4h ç ÷ç1 - ÷ (b) y = 4h ç ÷ç1 - ÷
è T øè T ø è R øè R ø
 æ T öæ T ö æ R öæ R ö
(c) y = 4h ç ÷ç1 - ÷ (d) y = 4h ç ÷ç1 - ÷ .
è t øè tø è X øè X ø

20. A man on a rectilinearly moving cart, facing the direction of motion, throws a ball straight up
with respect to himself.
(a) The ball will always return to him.
(b) The ball will never return to him.
(c) The ball will return to him if the cart moves with constant velocity.
(d) The ball will fall behind him if the cart moves with some acceleration.

21. A particle moves in the xy plane with a constant acceleration g in the negative y-direction. Its
equation of motion is y = ax – bx2, where a and b are constants. Which of the following are
correct ?
(a) The x-component of its velocity is constant.
g
(b) At the origin, the y-component of its velocity is a .
2b
(c) At the origin, its velocity makes an angle tan-1(a) with the x-axis.
(d) The particle moves exactly like a projectile.

22. A ball is rolled off along the edge of a horizontal table with velocity 4 m/s. It hits the ground
after time 0.4 s. Which of the following are correct ?
(a) The height of the tables is 0.8 m.
(b) It hits the ground at an angle of 60º with the vertical.
(c) It covers a horizontal distance 1.6 m from the table.
(d) It hits the ground with vertical velocity 4 m/s.

23. A particle is projected from the ground with velocity u at angle q with horizontal. The horizontal
range, maximum height and time of flight are R, H and T respectively. They are given by,
u 2 sin 2q u 2 sin 2 q 2u sin q
R= ,H= and T =
g 2g g
Now keeping u as fixed, q is varied from 30º to 60º. Then,
(a) R will first increase then decrease, H will increases and T will decrease.
(b) R will first increase then decrease while H and T both will increase.
(c) R will decrease while H and T will increase.
(d) R will increase while H and T will increase.

24. A particle moves with constant speed v along a regular hexagon ABCDEF in the same order.
Then the magnitude of the average velocity for its motion from A to
(a) F is v/5 (b) D is v/3
(c) C is v 3 / 2 (d) B is v.
 ANSWER KEYS (KINEMATICS)

1. c, d
2. b, c, d
3. a, c
4. a, b, d
5. c
6. b, c , d
7. b
8. b, d
9. a, b
10. a, b, c
11. c, d
12. a, b, c, d
13. a, c
14. a, c
15. a, b, c, d
16. d
17. a, b, c, d
18. a, d
19. a, b
20. c, d
21. a, b, c, d
22. a, c, d
23. b
24. a, c, d
 HINTS AND SOLUTIONS
KINEMATICS
! ! !
1. a = a radial + a tan gential
d|v|
= w2 R + .
dt
\ (C) and (D).
2. v = u + at
Þ 4 = – 2 + 4a
3
Þ a = m / s2
2
1 1 3
s p.g. = ut + at 2 = -2 ´ 4 + ´ ´ 42 = 4m .
2 2 2
s P.g. = s P.B + s B.g
4 = sP.B. +m 16
Þ sP.B. = – 12
1
s = ut at 2
2
12
0 = -2t + ´ 3 ´ t 2
2
8
Þ t= s.
3
\ (b), (c), (d).
3. v2 = u2 + 2as.
0= 102 – 2 × 5 × s
Þ s1 = 10 m
1
s 2 = ´ 5 ´12 = 2.5m
2
s1 + s2 = 12.5 m
\ (a), (c).
4. (a) D kinetic energy = 0
hence work done = 0
change in velocity
(b) average acceleration = =0
time
(d) Favg = 0.
pR 2 p
5. Mean speed = = m/s
2´ 2 4
\ (c).
dv
Acceleration is zero when =0
dt
Car never take turn because velocity is never negative.
6. Ans. is (b), (c), (d)
when velocity is zero, particle may be changing its direction.
7. Speed of particle is not constant
\ (b).
 ! !
Slope of v–t curve is is constant hence a and f is constant.
At a particular time area below v–t curve is zero.
8. F=a–bv
acceleration = c – d v.

Acceleration
v

Acceleration will decrease from initial value to zero and then to negative velocity will increase
form zero to maximum and then decrease.
\ (c).
9.
v

Dv

60º

Dv 3v 2
average acceleration = =
Dt pR
displacement R 3v
average velocity= = =
time pR / 3v p
\ (a), (b).
10.
v
A B
He will observe same speed but opposite velocity moving in opposite direction.
\ (a), (d).
11. When a < 0 speed may increase
!
when a > 0 speed may decrease
! !
speed increases when v and a along same direction
! !
speed decreases when v and a along opposite direction.
\ (c), (d).
12. Ans. (a), (b), (c), (d).
because velocity changes from –ve to +ve.
dv
= constant
dt
area below v–t curve is zero.
Value of |v| is same at ends.
13. When speed is changing, velocity must change. Hence it must have some acceleration when
velocity is changing, speed may or may not change, and it must have some acceleration.
\ (a), (c).
!
14. When |v| = 0, a can be non zero.
Because particle may be changing its velocity
When v ¹ 0, velocity may be constant.
!
Hence a may be zero.
 \ (a), (c).
15. x = at2 – bt3 = 0
a
t = 0, t = .
b
\ (a).
dx
= 2at - 3bt 2
dt
2a
Þ v = 0 when t = .
3b
\ (b).
d2x
= 2a - bbt
dt 2
at t = 0
Þ v=0
but acceleration ¹ -0.
\ (c).
a a
at t = acc = 2a - 6b × = 0
3b 3b
\ (d).
u 2 sin 2q
16. R=
g
2sin q cos q
3 = 20 ×
10
300
sin q 1 - sin 2q =
20
16sin q – 16sin q + 3 = 0
4 2

1 1 3
sin 2 q = ± -
2 4 16
3
Þ sin q =
2
q = 60º.
u 2 sin 2 q 20 3
H max = = = 0.75 m
2g 2 ´10 4
v max = 20 m / s
2u sin q 2 ´ 20 3 60 3
T= = = =
g 10 2 100 5
\ (c).
(P.E.)max = 1 × 10 × 0.75 = 7.5 J.
u2
17. H max = =h
2g
 u2
R max = = 2h
g
\ (a)
u 2 sin 2q u 2 sin 2 q
R= , h=
g 2g
u 2 sin 2q n.u 2 sin 2 q
=
g 2g
cos q n
=
sin q 4
æ4ö
q = tan -1 ç ÷
ènø
\ (b).
u 2 sin 2q 2u sin q
(c) R = ,T=
g g
4u 2 sin 2 q
Þ gT 2 = = 2R tan q .
g
\ (c).
(d) Since time taken is same, both particles must have same vertical velocity. Hence their
maximum height attained must also be same.
18.
A

q
2R
B

AB = 2R cos q
Acceleration = g cos q
v = 2 ´ g cos q ´ 2R cos q
v = 2 gR cos q .
\ (a).
1
2R cos q = ´ g cos q.t 2
2
t is independent of cos q
\ (d).
u 2 sin 2 q
19. h=
2g
2u sin q
T=
g
h
4 = u sin q
T
1
y = (u sin q)t - gt 2
2
 æ gt ö
= (u sin q)t ç1 - ÷
è 2u sin q ø
h æ gt ö
= 4 × t ç1 - ÷ .
T è Tø
\ (a).
2u 2 sin q cos q
R=
g
g
4 = tan q
R
1 x2
y = x tan q - g 2
2 u cos 2 q
æ gx 2 ö
= x tan q ç1 - 2 ÷
è 2u sin q cos q ø
h æ xö
=4 .x ç1 - ÷
R è Rø
\ (b).
20. Ball will have same horizontal velocity as the cart at the time of throw. If acceleration of cart is
zero, ball reaches back to man, but cart is accelerating it will fall back to the man.
\ (c), (d).
21. y = ax – bx2
this equation is similar as equation of parabolic trajectory
1 x2
y = x tan q - g 2
2 u cos 2 q
Hence (a) is correct.
tan q = a
1 a
Þ cos q = . sin q =
1+ a2 1+ a2
g
=b.
2u cos 2 q
2

g(1 + a 2 ).
u2
2b.
g
Þ u sin q = a
2b
\ (b).
q = tan–1 (a) Ans. (c).
Particle follow parabolic path. Ans. (d).
22.
4m/s

h
 1
h = gt 2
2
1
= ´ 10 ´ .42 = 0.8 m.
2
\ (a).
Vertical velocity = at = 10 × 0.4 = 4
It makes 45º with horizontal.
Horizontal displacement = 4 × 0.4 = 1.6 m
\ (c) and (d).
23. As q changes from 30º to 60º. Range first increases then decreases.
u sin q will increase which causes H and T to rise.
\ (b).
24.
C B

D A

E F
displacement
AF(Vavg ) =
time
d v
= =
æ 5d ö 5
ç ÷
è v ø
\ (a).
2d 2
(AD) v avg = = v
3d 3
v
2d cos 30° v 3
(AC) v avg = = \ (c).
2d 2
v
(AB) = vavg = v. \ (d).