Mean Variance and Standard Deviation

Mean and Variance
of a Discrete
Random Variable
Learning Competencies:
•Calculates the mean and variance of a discrete
random variable.
•Interprets the mean and variance of a discrete
random variable.
•Solves problems involving mean and variance of
a discrete random variable.
The mean is considered as a measure of the “central location” of a random
variable. It is the weighted average of the values that random variable “X”
can take, with weights provided by the probability distribution.
𝝁 = 𝑿𝟏 ∗ 𝑷 𝑿 𝟏 + 𝑿𝟐 ∗ 𝑷 𝑿𝟐 + … + 𝑿𝒏 ∗ 𝑷 𝑿𝒏
Variance is a measurement of the spread between numbers in a data set.
𝝈𝟐 = ෍ 𝑿𝟐 ∗ 𝑷 𝑿 − 𝝁𝟐
Standard Deviation is the measurement of the dispersion of a dataset relative to its mean.
𝝈= 𝝈𝟐
The mean is considered as a measure of the “central location” of a random
variable. It is the weighted average of the values that random variable “X”
can take, with weights provided by the probability distribution.
𝝁 = 𝑿𝟏 ∗ 𝑷 𝑿 𝟏 + 𝑿𝟐 ∗ 𝑷 𝑿𝟐 + … + 𝑿𝒏 ∗ 𝑷 𝑿𝒏
Variance is a measurement of the spread between numbers in a data set.
𝝈𝟐 = ෍ 𝑿𝟐 ∗ 𝑷 𝑿 − 𝝁𝟐
Standard Deviation is the measurement of the dispersion of a dataset relative to its mean.
𝝈= 𝝈𝟐
Example 1: Construct a probability distribution for rolling a
single die. Find the expected value.
Outcome 1 2 3 4 5 6
(X)
P(X) 1 1 1 1 1 1
6 6 6 6 6 6
𝜇1 = 𝑋1 ∗ 𝑃 𝑋1 + 𝑋2 ∗ 𝑃 𝑋2 + … + 𝑋𝑛 ∗ 𝑃 𝑋𝑛
1 1 1 1 1 1
𝜇 =1 +2 +3 +4 +5 +6
6 6 6 6 6 6
𝝁 = 𝟑. 𝟓 Therefore, the average number of spots

that would appear is 3.5
Outcome 1 2 3 4 5 6
(X)
𝝁 = 𝟑. 𝟓
P(X) 1 1 1 1 1 1
6 6 6 6 6 6
𝜎 2 = ෍ 𝑋2 ∗ 𝑃 𝑋 − 𝜇2
1 1 1 1 1 1
𝜎2 = ෍[12 +2 2 +3 2 +4 2 +5 2 +6 2 ] − (3.5)2
6 6 6 6 6 6
𝜎 2 = 15.17 − 12.25
𝜎= 𝜎2
𝝈𝟐 = 𝟐. 𝟗𝟐 𝝈 = 𝟏. 𝟕𝟏
𝜎= 2.92
Example 2: Supposed three coins are tossed. Let X be the random variable
representing the number of tails. Find the mean, variance and standard
deviation of the probability distribution.
Sample space = {HHH, HHT, HTH, HTT, THH, THT, TTH, TTT}
Number 0 1 2 3
of Tails
(X)
P(X) 1 3 3 1
8 8 8 8
𝜇1 = 𝑋1 ∗ 𝑃 𝑋1 + 𝑋2 ∗ 𝑃 𝑋2 + … + 𝑋𝑛 ∗ 𝑃 𝑋𝑛
1 3 3 1
𝜇 =0 +1 +2 +3
8 8 8 8
𝝁 = 𝟏. 𝟓
Outcome 0 1 2 3
(X) 𝝁 = 𝟏. 𝟓
P(X) 1 3 3 1
8 8 8 8
𝜎 2 = ෍ 𝑋2 ∗ 𝑃 𝑋 − 𝜇2
1 3 3 1
𝜎2 = ෍[02 +1 2 +2 2 +3 2 ] − (1.5)2
8 8 8 8
𝜎 2 = 3 − 2.25
𝜎= 𝜎2
𝝈𝟐 = 𝟎. 𝟕𝟓
𝜎= 0.75 𝝈 = 𝟎. 𝟖𝟔𝟔𝟎
Example 3: The number of items sold per day at a retail store, with its
corresponding probabilities, is shown in the table. Find the mean, variance and
standard deviation of the probability distribution.
Number 19 20 21 22 23
of Items
(X)
P(X) 0.20 0.20 0.30 0.20 0.10
𝜇1 = 𝑋1 ∗ 𝑃 𝑋1 + 𝑋2 ∗ 𝑃 𝑋2 + … + 𝑋𝑛 ∗ 𝑃 𝑋𝑛
𝜇 = 19 0.20 + 20 0.20 + 21 0.30 + 22 0.20 + 23 (0.10)
𝝁 = 𝟐𝟎. 𝟖
Number 19 20 21 22 23
of Items 𝝁 = 𝟐𝟎. 𝟖
(X)
P(X) 0.20 0.20 0.30 0.20 0.10
𝜎 2 = ෍ 𝑋2 ∗ 𝑃 𝑋 − 𝜇2
𝜎 2 = ෍[192 0.20 + 202 0.20 + 212 0.30 + 222 0.20 + 232 0.10 ] − (20.8)2
𝜎 2 = 434.2 − 432.64
𝝈𝟐 = 𝟏. 𝟓𝟔 𝜎= 𝜎2
𝜎= 1.56 𝝈 = 𝟏. 𝟐𝟓
A small study aims to see the correlation between having a tattoo and cases of
clinical depression. In one group 12 people from the same age bracket, 7 have 1
tattoo, 3 have 2 tattoos, and the rest have 3 tattoos. If a person is randomly
picked from this group and evaluated for depression, what is the expected
number of tattoos that the person will have?
(X) 1 2 3
𝜇1 = 𝑋1 ∗ 𝑃 𝑋1 + 𝑋2 ∗ 𝑃 𝑋2 + … + 𝑋𝑛 ∗ 𝑃 𝑋𝑛
P(X) 7 3 2 7 3 2
12 12 12 𝜇 =1 12
+2 12
+3 12
𝝁 ≈ 𝟏. 𝟓𝟖 Since the expected value of X is

approximately 1.58, then a randomly
chosen is expected to have about 1.58
tattoos, or in whole number 2 tattoos.
ACTIVITY
Number of 1 2 3 4
Absences 𝝁 = 𝟐. 𝟑𝟓
(X)
Percent 25% 30% 30% 15%
𝜎 2 = ෍ 𝑋2 ∗ 𝑃 𝑋 − 𝜇2
𝜎 2 = ෍[12 0.25 + 22 0.30 + 32 0.30 + 42 0.15 ] − (2.35)2
𝜎 2 = 6.55 − 5.5225
𝝈𝟐 = 𝟏. 𝟎𝟑 𝜎= 𝜎2
𝜎= 1.03 𝝈 = 𝟏. 𝟎𝟏
Find the variance of the number of monthly absences of Jemar based on his
previous of absences as presented in the probability distribution below. Solve
for the mean, variance and standard deviation.
Number of 1 2 3 4
Absences
(X)
Percent 25% 30% 30% 15%
𝜇1 = 𝑋1 ∗ 𝑃 𝑋1 + 𝑋2 ∗ 𝑃 𝑋2 + … + 𝑋𝑛 ∗ 𝑃 𝑋𝑛
𝜇 = 1 0.25 + 2 0.30 +3 0.30 + 4 0.15
𝝁 = 𝟐. 𝟑𝟓
The random variable X, representing the number of
nuts in a chocolate bar has the following probability
distribution. Compute the mean, variance and standard
deviation.
(X) 1 2 3 4 5
Percent 1 3 3 2 1
10 10 10 10 10
3. GoodHands is a car insurance company who
offers to pay Php600,000.00 if a car is destroyed
beyond repair due to an accident. This insurance
policy cost Php25,000.00 per year and the
probability that the company will need to pay the
amount of insurance is 0.003?
A. What is the probability that the company will

NOT pay any amount to its client within a year?
B. What is the expected value of the insurance to its

buyer?

Mean Variance and Standard Deviation

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Mean Variance and Standard Deviation

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Mean Variance and Standard Deviation

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Mean and Variance

Variance is a measurement of the spread between numbers in a data set.

Variance is a measurement of the spread between numbers in a data set.

𝝁 = 𝟑. 𝟓 Therefore, the average number of spots

𝝁 ≈ 𝟏. 𝟓𝟖 Since the expected value of X is

𝜎 2 = ෍[12 0.25 + 22 0.30 + 32 0.30 + 42 0.15 ] − (2.35)2

A. What is the probability that the company will

B. What is the expected value of the insurance to its

You might also like